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40 sentences that will teach you more about nutrition than a $400,000 medical degree

From Brett Boettcher @brettboettcher1

40 sentences that will teach you more about nutrition than a $400,000 medical degree.

1) Meat, eggs and animal organs are the most nutrient dense foods on the planet.

2) Bone broth is loaded in collagen and helps repair the gut so you can heal from the inside out.

3) Saturated fat doesn’t cause heart disease, insulin resistance does.

4) Your ratio of triglycerides to HDL is a great indicator of mortality risk; the lower the better. ·

5) Protein is the most metabolically active macronutrient and it isn’t bad for your kidneys.

6) There isn’t quality evidence to show that dietary cholesterol impacts the cholesterol in your blood. ·

7) There is even less evidence to support that total cholesterol is bad for your health since it is inversely correlated to mortality risk. · 4h 8) Walking before and after meals is a great way to improve digestion and reduce blood sugar spikes.

9) Fiber is the last thing you need if you have IBS or diverticulitis.

10) Dairy is great for your health and its saturated fat intake is inversely correlated to heart disease.

11) Most nutritional recommendations were introduced based on profit margins, not health outcomes.

12) Calories in and calories out is all that matter, but some calories make you hungrier (sugar/grains). Other calories (protein) help you burn more calories.

13) Multi grain just means they took 2+ different terrible sources of grain and put them together into one product.

14) Cereal and bread for breakfast will spike your blood sugar and have you starving before lunch. Try Greek yogurt or eggs instead. ·

15) “Intuitive eating” and “listen to your body” makes no sense considering 88% of people are metabolically unhealthy and addicted to food. No one would say “intuitive crack use.”

16) Eating is a stress on your body; The less often you can eat, the healthier you’ll be.

17) Plan your meals around the protein source (with its natural fat) and add a small side of carbs if needed.

18) Eating for satiety is more important than relying constantly on willpower. Find filling foods and avoid foods with addictive properties (ultra-processed).

19) You don’t have to know how to cook. Grill a meat, sauté a green vegetable, bake a potato. Mix and match a million ways.

20) Eating many of the same foods every week isn’t perfectly optimal but it’s likely your best path to consistency and therefore success. ·

21) Becoming more insulin sensitive should be the focus of any health-related nutrition plan.

22) Salad dressings are one of the worst things you can eat for your health. High in calories and inflammatory industrial oils.

23) Eating 5x per day won’t boost your metabolism. If you are trying to gain weight, it’s an excellent strategy.

24) Bacon can be healthy, just avoid the processing with nitrates.

25) Cottage cheese and Greek yogurt are two of the best sources of protein per calorie.

26) Carbs are beneficial around a workout. But many sources of carbs are processed and easily overeaten. Focus on single ingredient foods.

27) You can’t be healthy at any size no matter what your mother or liberal arts professor said.

28) Eat a high protein meal before attending social events that are filled with junk food.

29) If eating out, order the food with the highest protein content.

30) The #1 reason people fail is that they don’t prepare. Meal prep, meal plan, have ready to eat protein sources. · 31) The food you eat directly impacts your mental health and processed foods are correlated with depression and mental illness.

32) Processed foods have been engineered to be as addicting as possible. Your taste buds can be retrained with natural sources.

33) “Plant-based” foods are made in laboratories and are an easy way to sell overpriced junk to consumers at high margin.

34) Eating 1 gram of protein per lb of ideal body weight daily will do more for your body composition than spending 30 minutes on the treadmill.

35) When in doubt, if it comes from the center aisles of the grocery store or has more than 3 ingredients, it’s not good for you.

36) Many foods labeled as “keto” “paleo” or “high protein” are far from meeting the intended definition.

37) Your gut is responsible for 70% of your immune system; feeding it sugar and other inflammatory foods is making you sick now and later.

38) Genetics play a role but over 90% of the country has a resting metabolism within 500 calories daily. Being fit is possible for everyone.

39) Flipping the food pyramid upside down is closer to healthy eating than the traditional suggestions.

40) Eliminating drinking your calories is the first change to make when trying to improve your health.

[nymphex]

How-to: Stay healthy while on a calorie deficit

Meal Ideas Breakfast:

Egg White Omelet with Veggies

3 large egg whites: ~51 calories

1 cup spinach: ~7 calories

1/2 cup mushrooms: ~8 calories

1 small tomato: ~16 calories Total: ~82 calories

Greek Yogurt with Berries

1/2 cup non-fat Greek yogurt: ~50 calories

1/4 cup fresh berries: ~20 calories

1 tsp chia seeds: ~20 calories Total: ~90 calories

Lunch:

Zucchini Noodles with Marinara and Lean Turkey

1 medium zucchini (spiralized): ~33 calories

1/2 cup marinara sauce: ~60 calories

3 oz ground turkey (lean, cooked): ~150 calories Total: ~243 calories

Vegetable Stir-Fry with Tofu

1 cup bell peppers: ~24 calories

1 cup broccoli: ~55 calories

1/2 cup zucchini: ~17 calories

1/4 block firm tofu: ~94 calories

1 tsp olive oil: ~40 calories Total: ~230 calories

Dinner:

Salad with Grilled Chicken

2 cups mixed greens: ~10 calories

1/2 cup cucumber: ~8 calories

1/2 cup cherry tomatoes: ~15 calories

3 oz grilled chicken breast: ~140 calories

1 tbsp balsamic vinaigrette: ~30 calories Total: ~203 calories

Vegetable Soup

1 cup vegetable broth: ~10 calories

1/2 cup carrots: ~25 calories

1/2 cup celery: ~8 calories

1/2 cup green beans: ~20 calories

1/2 cup white beans: ~100 calories Total: ~163 calories

Snacks:

Sliced Veggies with Hummus

1/2 cup carrot sticks: ~25 calories

2 tbsp hummus: ~70 calories Total: ~95 calories

Apple Slices with Nut Butter

1 small apple: ~55 calories

1 tbsp almond butter: ~98 calories Total: ~153 calories

Supplements and Nutrient Boosts Make sure you don't lose out on your essential vitamins, those are crucial for your physical and mental health - for example, some help get rid of brain fog, insomnia and/or trouble staying asleep **and you'll feel more energized which means you'll be able to move around more!** + workouts! (You don't want your muscles to hurt when you're working out.)

Multivitamin: Covers daily nutritional gaps, including essential vitamins and minerals.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids: supports heart health and reduces inflammation.

Vitamin D3: vital for bone health and immune function.

Magnesium Supplement: supports muscle function and prevents cramps. (it also helps with period cramps!)

Calcium Supplement: crucial for bone health and muscle function. MUST have optimal levels of calcium at all times, trust me, hypocalcemia is no fun.

Probiotics: aids digestion and gut health.

B-Complex Vitamins: supports energy metabolism. **no, calories in pills DON'T COUNT.**

Workout Routine

Focus Areas: Building Muscle, Slimming Tummy, Burning Fat

1. Strength Training (3-4 times a week):

Deadlifts (3 sets of 8-10 reps): Full-body strength, focuses on legs, back, and core.

Squats (3 sets of 12-15 reps): Targets legs and glutes, helps build lower body strength.

Lunges (3 sets of 12-15 reps per leg): Engages glutes, hamstrings, and quads.

Push-Ups (3 sets of 10-12 reps): Strengthens chest, shoulders, and triceps.

Plank (3 sets, hold for 30-60 seconds): Core exercise that also engages shoulders and glutes.

Russian Twists (3 sets of 20 twists): Focuses on obliques and core, helps slim the waist.

2. Cardio (4-5 times a week):

High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT):

20-30 minutes per session, alternating between intense bursts (e.g., sprinting) and short recovery periods (e.g., walking).

Steady-State Cardio:

30-45 minutes of moderate intensity (e.g., jogging, cycling, swimming).

3. Core-Specific Workouts (3 times a week):

Bicycle Crunches (3 sets of 15-20 reps): Engages the entire core.

Leg Raises (3 sets of 15 reps): Targets the lower abs.

Mountain Climbers (3 sets of 20 reps): Full-body cardio move with core focus.

4. Flexibility and Recovery (2-3 times a week):

Yoga or Stretching: 20-30 minutes of flexibility exercises to enhance recovery and prevent injury.

Total Daily Calories

Average Calorie Intake: ~900-1200 calories This range is low, so it’s very important to monitor how your body responds and adjust as needed to avoid negative health effects.

Important Reminders:

Listen to Your Body: Regardless of what's promoted in the community, or how quickly you see others reacing their GW's, always prioritize your health over rapid results. If you feel fatigued, dizzy, or unwell, it’s essential to reassess your calorie intake or exercise intensity.

Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated, aid digestion, and support overall metabolism. (no, energy drinks and coffee doesn't count)

Rest and Sleep: Ensure you’re getting 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night to support recovery and overall well-being.

Self-Compassion: Remember that progress takes time. Be kind to yourself and celebrate every small victory along the way. You don't just become the butterfly overnight. Turn it into a lifestyle, rather than a fast road.

BONUS: How to get through a plateau Hitting a weight loss plateau can be frustrating and discouraging, but it's a common part of the journey. Here’s how to overcome it: 1. Reassess Your Calorie Intake

Track Your Calories: Double-check your food portions and calorie counts. As you lose weight, your body needs fewer calories, so what worked before might need adjusting.

Create a Small Calorie Deficit: If you’ve been consistent with your calorie intake, consider reducing it slightly—by about 100-200 calories per day. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Metabolism Days!!!

Prevent Metabolic Adaptation: When you're on a calorie deficit for an extended period, your body can adapt by slowing down your metabolism. Metab days help to "trick" your body into thinking it's getting enough fuel, which can prevent or reverse this slowdown.

Boost Hormones: Eating more can temporarily boost levels of leptin, a hormone that plays a key role in regulating hunger and metabolism. Higher leptin levels can help increase energy expenditure.

Mental Break: It provides a psychological break from restrictive eating, making it easier to stick to your overall diet plan.

How to Implement Metab Days

Increase Calories: On metab days, you increase your calorie intake to maintenance level or slightly above. This can be an increase of 300-500 calories depending on your usual intake.

Focus on Carbohydrates: Many people use metab days to increase their carbohydrate intake because carbs can have a more significant impact on leptin levels. This might include adding foods like whole grains, starchy vegetables, and fruits.

Frequency: Metab days can be done once a week or once every two weeks, depending on your dieting strategy and how long you’ve been in a calorie deficit.

Stay Active: Continue with your regular exercise routine, as this will help ensure the extra calories are used effectively and support muscle growth and recovery.

Example of a Metab Day Plan

Breakfast: Whole-grain pancakes with fruit and a dollop of Greek yogurt.

Snack: A smoothie made with banana, oats, and almond milk.

Lunch: Grilled chicken wrap with avocado, lettuce, and a side of sweet potato fries.

Snack: Handful of nuts and a piece of fruit.

Dinner: Salmon with quinoa and roasted vegetables.

Dessert: A small portion of dark chocolate or a fruit salad.

Benefits

Prevents Plateaus: By occasionally boosting your calorie intake, you help keep your metabolism more active, which can prevent weight loss plateaus.

Improves Energy Levels: A day with more food can help restore energy levels, making it easier to maintain high-intensity workouts.

Supports Mental Health: It provides a mental break from constant restriction, which can improve adherence to your diet in the long term.

Caution

Avoid Overeating: The goal is to eat more than on a typical day, but not to binge. Keep the increase controlled and within a reasonable range.

Monitor Progress: Track how your body responds to metab days. If you notice consistent weight gain, you may need to adjust the frequency or calorie increase.

Metab days can be a useful tool in a structured weight loss or fitness plan, helping to maintain a healthy metabolism and support long-term success. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

2. Shake Up Your Workout Routine

Increase Intensity: Push yourself a bit harder in your workouts. Try adding more weight to strength training or increasing the speed/intensity of your cardio.

Incorporate HIIT: High-Intensity Interval Training is effective for breaking plateaus. Short bursts of intense exercise followed by rest can boost your metabolism.

Change the Type of Exercise: If you’ve been doing the same workouts for a while, your body may have adapted. Try a new activity like swimming, boxing, or cycling to challenge different muscle groups.

3. Prioritize Strength Training

Build More Muscle: Muscle burns more calories at rest than fat, so incorporating more strength training can help rev up your metabolism. Focus on compound movements like squats, deadlifts, and bench presses.

4. Revise Your Macros

Adjust Protein Intake: Ensure you’re getting enough protein, as it helps preserve muscle mass while you lose fat. Consider increasing protein slightly while reducing carbs or fats.

Consider Carb Cycling: This involves varying your carbohydrate intake on different days—higher carbs on workout days and lower carbs on rest days.

5. Manage Stress Levels

Stress and Cortisol: High stress can increase cortisol, which may lead to weight gain or hinder weight loss. Incorporate stress-reducing activities like yoga, meditation, or even simple deep-breathing exercises.

Adequate Sleep: Lack of sleep can affect hunger hormones and lead to weight gain. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night.

6. Hydrate Properly

Drink More Water: Sometimes, the body retains water, which can mask fat loss. Drinking more water helps reduce water retention and supports metabolic processes.

7. Cycle Your Caloric Intake

Calorie Cycling: Vary your calorie intake throughout the week. For example, eat at maintenance level (or slightly above) for a couple of days and then go back to a deficit. This can prevent your metabolism from adapting too much to a low-calorie diet.

8. Mind Your Eating Habits

Avoid Mindless Eating: Be mindful of snacks and portion sizes. It’s easy to consume extra calories without realizing it.

Intermittent Fasting: Consider trying intermittent fasting, where you eat all your meals within a specific time window (e.g., 8 hours). This can help control calorie intake and improve insulin sensitivity.

9. Evaluate Your Overall Health

Check Hormonal Balance: Hormonal issues like thyroid dysfunction can contribute to a plateau. If you suspect a problem, consult with a healthcare provider.

Check for reproductive issues - such as PCOS (can make you gain weight easier and/or have a hard time losing weight)

Consider Metabolism Testing: Some fitness centers or health clinics offer metabolism testing, which can give you insight into how many calories you should be consuming.

10. Stay Patient and Persistent

Reframe the Plateau: Understand that a plateau is your body’s way of adjusting to new changes. It’s a sign that you might need to mix things up but doesn’t mean your progress has stopped permanently.

Track Non-Scale Victories: Pay attention to how your clothes fit, your energy levels, and your body measurements. Progress can be happening in ways other than the scale.

11. Consider a Break

Diet Break: Taking a break from a strict calorie deficit for a week or two (eating at maintenance) can reset your metabolism and reduce stress, making it easier to resume weight loss afterward.

12. Stay Consistent

Stick to Your Plan: Even if the scale isn’t moving, staying consistent with healthy eating and exercise is crucial. Over time, the plateau will likely break.

Remember, patience and consistency are key. Weight loss plateaus are normal, and with the right adjustments, you can push through and continue progressing toward your goals. This isn't talked about enough here, and if this helped anyone, then it's what makes me the happiest. You don't have to make yourself get sicker, just to feel valid. Remember, being healthy and having your vitamins in check is most important, as your energy levels will be optimized. More energy -> more moving around -> more calories burnt!

[rachellaurengray]

Hey everyone!

I’m excited to share this comprehensive list of essential minerals and their roles in our bodies. As many of you know, understanding the function of each mineral can be incredibly empowering for maintaining our health and well-being. From supporting bone strength to aiding in energy production and immune function, each mineral plays a unique and crucial role.

This list not only highlights the importance of these minerals but also serves as a handy reference for anyone interested in optimizing their diet and health. Whether you’re a health enthusiast, someone looking to boost their nutrition, or just curious about how your body functions, this information is invaluable.

Feel free to save this post for easy access and share it with friends who might find it helpful. Let’s make informed choices about our health together!

Here’s a rundown of some key minerals and their roles:

Boron - Supports bone health and hormone regulation.

Phosphorus - Vital for bone and teeth formation, energy production.

Manganese - Involved in metabolism, bone formation, and antioxidant function.

Iron - Essential for oxygen transport and energy production.

Calcium - Critical for bone and teeth health, muscle function, and nerve signaling.

Selenium - Acts as an antioxidant, supports immune function and thyroid health.

Sulfur - Important for amino acid synthesis and detoxification.

Sodium - Regulates fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction.

Magnesium - Supports muscle and nerve function, blood glucose control, and bone health.

Potassium - Helps maintain fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions.

Zinc - Crucial for immune function, protein synthesis, and wound healing.

Copper - Involved in iron metabolism, connective tissue formation, and antioxidant defense.

Iodine - Essential for thyroid hormone production and metabolism regulation.

Fluoride - Strengthens tooth enamel and supports bone health.

Chromium - Enhances insulin action and glucose metabolism.

Cobalt - Part of vitamin B12, essential for red blood cell formation.

Molybdenum - Helps with enzyme function and detoxification.

Nickel - Involved in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.

Silicon - Supports bone health and connective tissue integrity.

Vanadium - Plays a role in bone health and insulin regulation.

Strontium - Supports bone health and may aid in bone density.

Lithium - May influence mood regulation and neurological health.

Calcium - Important for cardiovascular health and muscle function.

Magnesium - Helps in enzyme reactions and DNA synthesis.

Iron - Supports cognitive function and immune health.

Potassium - Essential for heart function and muscle contractions.

Zinc - Important for DNA synthesis and cell division.

Selenium - Enhances antioxidant defenses and thyroid function.

Manganese - Assists in wound healing and bone development.

Phosphorus - Aids in energy production and bone health.

Copper - Crucial for brain development and cardiovascular health.

Sodium - Regulates blood pressure and volume.

Iodine - Essential for thyroid hormone production and metabolic regulation.

Fluoride - Helps prevent dental cavities and strengthens bones.

Chromium - Supports metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.

Molybdenum - Important for enzyme activity and metabolic processes.

Nickel - Assists in the metabolism of fatty acids and hormones.

Silicon - Enhances skin health and bone strength.

Vanadium - Potentially involved in glucose metabolism and bone health.

Strontium - May contribute to bone density and overall skeletal health.

Cobalt - Key component of vitamin B12, important for nerve function.

Lithium - May have effects on mood and mental health.

Calcium - Supports cardiovascular function and muscle contraction.

Magnesium - Contributes to heart health and muscle relaxation.

Iron - Essential for energy production and oxygen transport.

Potassium - Important for maintaining electrolyte balance and cellular function.

Zinc - Aids in immune function and skin health.

Selenium - Helps protect cells from damage and supports thyroid function.

Manganese - Facilitates enzyme reactions and antioxidant defense.

Phosphorus - Integral to energy storage and bone mineralization.

Hope you find this list as enlightening as I do! Feel free to save and share.

[beautyandlifestyleblog86]

A nutritious and balanced breakfast is essential to kickstart your day and provide you with the energy and nutrients you need to stay focused and productive. Here are some of the best foods to eat in the morning to fuel your body and mind:

1. Whole grains: Opt for whole grain cereals, oatmeal, or whole grain toast to provide you with complex carbohydrates that release energy slowly throughout the morning, keeping you full and satisfied.

2. Protein-rich foods: Include sources of protein such as eggs, Greek yogurt, cottage cheese, or nut butter to help build and repair muscles, keep you full longer, and stabilize blood sugar levels.

3. Fruits and vegetables: Incorporate a variety of fruits and vegetables into your breakfast for a boost of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Berries, bananas, spinach, and avocado are excellent choices.

4. Nuts and seeds: Add nuts and seeds like almonds, walnuts, chia seeds, or flaxseeds to your breakfast for a dose of healthy fats, protein, and fiber, which can help keep you full and satisfied.

5. Dairy or dairy alternatives: Include dairy products like milk, yogurt, or cheese for a good source of calcium and protein. If you are lactose intolerant or prefer plant-based options, opt for alternatives like almond milk, soy yogurt, or oat milk.

6. Healthy fats: Incorporate sources of healthy fats such as avocado, olive oil, or nut butter into your breakfast to support brain health, boost satiety, and provide sustained energy.

7. Hydration: Don't forget to hydrate in the morning by drinking water, herbal tea, or a green smoothie to kickstart your metabolism and stay hydrated throughout the day.

By incorporating a combination of these nutrient-rich foods into your morning routine, you can fuel your body with the essential nutrients it needs to support optimal health, energy levels, and cognitive function. Remember to listen to your body's hunger cues and choose foods that make you feel nourished and energized to start your day off right.

[nazzistar]

Metab boosting drinks

Green Tea: Rich in antioxidants and catechins, enhance metabolism and aid in weight loss.

Coffee: The caffeine in coffee can temporarily increase metabolic rate and promote fat burning. However, moderation is key.

Water: Staying hydrated is essential for a healthy metabolism. Drinking enough water helps the body function optimally and can support weight management.

Ginger Tea: Ginger has thermogenic properties, meaning it can slightly increase body temperature and boost metabolism.

Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) Drink: Some studies suggest that apple cider vinegar may help increase metabolism. Mixing a small amount of ACV with water and drinking it before meals is a common practice.

[madamlaydebug]

Coca-Cola’s VitaminWater is being marketed as a healthy, hydrating drink. The company claims that the drinks prevent chronic diseases, reduce the risks of eye diseases, promotes healthy joints, and supports optimal immune function. However, nothing could be further from the truth.

This is what John Robbins, Esq., PhD., M.D. says in his Mat Hoffman Post article:

The product is basically sugar-water, to which about a penny’s worth of synthetic vitamins have been added. And the amount of sugar is not trivial. A bottle of vitaminwater contains 33 grams of sugar, making it more akin to a soft drink than to a healthy beverage.

The ingredients of “orange-orange”-flavored vitaminwater:

Reverse osmosis water, crystalline fructose, cane sugar, less than 0.5% of: citric acid, magnesiumlactate and calcium lactate and potassium phosphate (electrolyte sources), natural flavors, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), gum acacia, vitamin B3 (niacinamide), vitamin E (alpha-tocopheryl acetate), vitamin B5 (calcium pantothenate), glycerol ester of rosin, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride), vitamin B12, beta-carotene, modified food starch, sorbitol.

VitaminWater’s sugar levels are very very high. One 500ml bottle contains 27 grams of sugar, that’s about 8 teaspoons of sugar!

Crystalline Fructose

Crystalline fructose is produced by allowing the fructose to crystallize from a fructose-enriched corn syrup. So basically, it is made from corn syrup, and not only corn syrup, but “fructose enriched” corn syrup. Crystalline Fructose contains 99.5% minimum of fructose assay, which is a greater higher percentage of fructose than what makes up high fructose corn syrup. Crystalline fructose may be contaminated with arsenic, lead, chloride and heavy metals. This type of fructose leads to increased belly fat, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Large amount of fructose can create a fatty liver and cirrhosis as it can not be processed completely in the liver. The fructose interferes and alters the metabolic process in our cells, which causes oxidative damage.

[expertacademicassignmenthelp]

How Does The Drug Got Excreted / Eliminated From The Body?

Drug excretion is an important process in pharmacology, encompassing the elimination of pharmaceutical substances from the body. While the ultimate elimination of all drugs is inevitable, the specific pathways involved can vary significantly. Some drugs undergo extensive metabolic transformations before being excreted, while others are expelled from the body in their original form.

The kidneys play a central role in excreting water-soluble substances, effectively filtering them from the bloodstream. Meanwhile, the biliary system handles drugs that remain unabsorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, providing an alternative route for elimination. Although excretion through auxiliary channels such as the intestines, saliva, sweat, breast milk, and lungs is typically minimal, certain volatile anesthetics and residual drug traces in breast milk can have notable impacts, particularly on vulnerable populations such as infants.

Renal excretion constitutes a significant portion of drug elimination, accounting for approximately 20% of the plasma that is filtered through the glomeruli. While most water and electrolytes are reabsorbed back into circulation, polar compounds like drug metabolites are excreted predominantly in urine. However, it’s important to note that renal excretion tends to decrease with age, necessitating careful dosage adjustments for elderly patients to mitigate potential adverse effects.

Numerous factors influence the process of renal excretion, including the extent of protein binding, the degree of drug ionization affecting reabsorption rates, fluctuations in urine pH that can alter excretion dynamics, and the impact of metabolic inhibitors on tubular secretion mechanisms.

Biliary elimination, on the other hand, occurs when drugs traverse the biliary epithelium via active transport mechanisms. However, this process is not without limitations, as transporter saturation can impose constraints on drug excretion rates. Typically, larger molecules containing polar and lipophilic groups are excreted through bile, while smaller molecules tend to favor renal elimination pathways.

In addition to renal and biliary routes, drugs may also be eliminated to varying extents through auxiliary pathways such as saliva, tears, feces, sweat, and exhalation. While the quantities eliminated through these routes are generally minimal, drug excretion in breast milk can pose significant concerns for lactating mothers, potentially exposing nursing infants to pharmacological agents.

Understanding the pharmacokinetic parameters governing drug excretion is paramount for optimizing therapeutic regimens and minimizing the risk of adverse effects. Key parameters include the rate of elimination, clearance, elimination rate constant, and biologic half-life for drugs undergoing first-order elimination kinetics.

In conclusion, drug excretion represents a broad process influenced by a myriad of factors, necessitating comprehensive consideration to ensure the safe and efficacious use of pharmacotherapy.

For medical students navigating the complexities of their studies, Expert Academic Assignment Help serves as a beacon of professionalism and expertise. With a steadfast dedication to excellence and competency, our team provides invaluable support and guidance tailored to your academic needs. Do not hesitate to reach out to us for assistance on your academic journey, email: expertassignment46@gmail.com 

Your excellence our pride.

[pastel-charm-14]

having good posture

let's talk about the underrated but oh-so-important topic of posture. good posture isn't just about looking taller and more confident—it's also crucial for your overall health and well-being. here are some benefits of improving your posture:

reduced back and neck pain: slouching puts extra strain on your muscles and joints, leading to discomfort and pain in your back, neck, and shoulders. by improving your posture, you can alleviate tension and reduce the risk of chronic pain.

improved breathing and circulation: good posture allows your lungs to fully expand and your diaphragm to function properly, leading to better oxygen flow and circulation throughout your body. this can boost energy levels, improve concentration, and enhance overall vitality.

increased confidence and self-esteem: standing tall with good posture not only makes you look more confident—it also makes you feel more confident. when you carry yourself with poise and presence, you exude an air of self-assurance that can positively impact your interactions and relationships.

enhanced digestion and metabolism: slouching can compress your organs and disrupt digestive function, leading to issues like indigestion and bloating. maintaining good posture encourages proper alignment of your internal organs, facilitating optimal digestion and metabolism.

better spinal health: poor posture can contribute to spinal misalignment and degenerative conditions like kyphosis and scoliosis. by improving your posture, you can help preserve the natural curvature of your spine and reduce the risk of long-term spinal issues.

here are some tips to help you improve your posture:

be mindful of your posture throughout the day, whether you're sitting at your desk, standing in line, or walking down the street.

aim to keep your shoulders back and down, your spine aligned, and your head held high.

strengthen your core muscles with exercises like planks, bridges, and bird-dogs to support your spine and maintain good posture.

take regular breaks to stretch and move around, especially if you have a sedentary job or lifestyle.

consider using ergonomic furniture and accessories, such as an adjustable chair or a supportive pillow, to encourage good posture.

remember, improving your posture takes time and practice, so be patient with yourself. small changes can make a big difference in your overall health and well-being. here's to standing tall and feeling fabulous!

[my-autism-adhd-blog]

how do i talk to my parents about taking my adhd more seriously? i feel like they dont really understand how much i really effects my life and my mom has said my "adhd isnt really a disability" and its very stressful sometimes

Hi @pyrophilexd

I’m so sorry your parents aren’t that educated about ADHD. But not to worry, I found sources you can show them and how it affects your daily life. There will be long excerpts, so I apologize if this is really long.

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic, debilitating disorder which may impact upon many aspects of an individual’s life, including academic difficulties,1 social skills problems,2 and strained parent-child relationships.3 Whereas it was previously thought that children eventually outgrow ADHD, recent studies suggest that 30–60% of affected individuals continue to show significant symptoms of the disorder into adulthood.4 Children with the disorder are at greater risk for longer term negative outcomes, such as lower educational and employment attainment.5 A vital consideration in the effective treatment of ADHD is how the disorder affects the daily lives of children, young people, and their families. Indeed, it is not sufficient to merely consider ADHD symptoms during school hours—a thorough examination of the disorder should take into account the functioning and wellbeing of the entire family.

As children with ADHD get older, the way the disorder impacts upon them and their families changes (fig 1⇓). The core difficulties in executive function seen in ADHD7 result in a different picture in later life, depending upon the demands made on the individual by their environment. This varies with family and school resources, as well as with age, cognitive ability, and insight of the child or young person. An environment that is sensitive to the needs of an individual with ADHD and aware of the implications of the disorder is vital. Optimal medical and behavioural management is aimed at supporting the individual with ADHD and allowing them to achieve their full potential while minimising adverse effects on themselves and society as a whole.

How Does ADHD Affect Overall Health?

ADHD & Sleep:

Why So Many Night Owls Have ADHD

Delayed sleep phase syndrome, defined by irregular sleep-wake patterns and thought of as a circadian rhythm disorder, is common in ADHD. The ADHD brain takes longer — about an hour longer on average (remember, that’s just an average) — to fall asleep than does the non-ADHD brain. That’s why it’s not uncommon for us to stay up late at night, and regret it in the morning.

Poor-Quality Sleep Worsens ADHD Symptoms

Suffering a sleep deficit with ADHD is like waking up to ADHD times two — or five. Lack of sleep slows a person’s response time, processing speed, and decision-making. We’re not as alert or as focused when we’re tired. We become crabby and inflexible. We imitate three of the Seven Dwarfs: Dopey, Sleepy, and Grumpy. Lack of sleep is a self-fulfilling prophecy; it only continues to throw our circadian rhythm off kilter and cause more dysregulated sleep.

ADHD & Nutrition and Eating Habits

Why ADHD Brains Chase Dopamine

The dopamine-deficient ADHD brain seeks this chemical in many places, from tobacco to junk food. Caffeine also boosts dopamine levels in the brain. And it’s always tempting to reach for simple carbs, since they rapidly break down into sugar and stimulate dopamine release.

ADHD Symptoms Influence Eating Behaviors

Symptoms like impulsivity and inattention easily invite dysregulated eating, which may lead to unintended weight gain. In fact, studies link ADHD to excess weight and obesity5 — which is linked to other conditions ranging from fatty liver, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome. Relatedly, research also links ADHD to Type 2 diabetes.

Are Other Health Conditions Linked to ADHD?

From autoimmune diseases and skin conditions to hypermobility and pulmonary disease, a string of other health conditions have been linked to ADHD. Take a moment to think about how ADHD impacts your diet, health, and overall wellness.

How Does ADHD Affect Education and Careers?

Adverse School Experiences with ADHD Are Common

Our experiences in school often foreshadow our careers and other aspects of our lives. Did ADHD prevent you from graduating high school or from enrolling in or finishing college, as it did for so many of us? Or did ADHD help you excel in school? Did you have to navigate school with a learning difference like dyslexia or dysgraphia, as 45% of children with ADHD do?

What Is ADHD?

ADHD stands for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It’s caused by brain differences that affect attention and behavior in set ways. For example, people with ADHD are more easily distracted than people who don’t have it. ADHD can make it harder to focus, listen well, wait, or take your time.

Having ADHD affects a person at school, at home, and with friends.

The signs of ADHD start early in childhood. But some people don’t find out they have it until they are older. It all depends on when ADHD keeps them from doing well, and when they see a doctor about it.

No matter when a person finds out they have ADHD, the right treatment can help them do better in all parts of their life. Having great support from parents, teachers, and friends helps too.

What Are the Signs of ADHD?

People with ADHD might:

have trouble listening and paying attention

need lots of reminders to do things

get distracted easily

seem absent-minded

be disorganized and lose things

not sit still, wait their turn, or be patient

rush through homework or other tasks or make careless mistakes

interrupt a lot, and talk or call out answers in class

do things they shouldn't, even though they know better

get upset easily

feel restless, fidgety, frustrated, and bored

Teachers will notice signs like these in the classroom. And parents will notice signs like these at home. You may notice signs like these in yourself. If you do, talk to a parent or teacher about it.

Share this information and articles to your uneducated parents. They need to understand and know how this disorder affects daily life. And it’s also genetic. So if you have ADHD, I’m sure your parents might too.

I hope this can help you and your parents. Thank you for the inbox. I hope you have a wonderful day/night. ♥️

[fitnessnirvana]

EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT LOSING WEIGHT FAST ( PART1)

Once you've decided to begin a weight reduction journey, it's quite simple to become impatient since you want to see results as soon as possible, reach your goals, and reduce your weight as quickly as possible. Numerous diet and exercise plans claim to be the fastest method to lose weight, but how realistic, successful, and—above all—healthy is swift weight loss?

Is fast weight loss healthy? 

It's crucial to remember that each person is unique and that what suits one person may not be suitable for another. Everyone has distinct bodies, objectives, and procedures. Similar to this, a healthy strategy for one person may not be the same for another. For example, a heavier individual carrying more fat may anticipate losing weight faster than someone merely looking to shed a few pounds.

The strategies you choose and the speed at which you lose weight will often determine how healthy your weight reduction is. Your weight loss is probably good if you're maintaining a reasonable calorie intake, making sure your diet is balanced, and engaging in strenuous exercise without wearing yourself or your body out. On the other hand, if you're drastically cutting calories below what's advised, you may be losing weight fast but not in a healthy method that could be harmful to your body.

What are the risks of losing weight too fast?

Losing weight too fast can carry some risks, such as: 

Unsustainability

It can be quite challenging to maintain a rigorous diet and exercise routine over time while trying to reduce weight quickly. It's more of a temporary solution than a lifestyle shift. For instance, crash diets can be incredibly unsustainable and put you at risk of gaining back the weight you lost after you resume your normal eating routine.

Electrolyte imbalance

This occurs when the electrolyte balance in your diet is off (sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, and phosphate, for example). These are essential elements that support many crucial functions of your body, including the immune system, blood sugar, blood pressure, bone health, digestion, and the functions of your muscles and nerves. Although variations in electrolyte levels are normal, tampering with the balance your body needs to function regularly may cause problems like cramps, fever, dyspnea, exhaustion, disorientation, migraines, irregular heartbeats, and convulsions.

Malnutrition

Similar to electrolytes, a diet rich in nutrients provides your body with all the vitamins, minerals, and nutrients it needs to stay happy, healthy, and fit. You may be experiencing the symptoms of deficiencies and missing out on important nutritional benefits if you severely restrict your diet. Cutting carbs, for instance, can indicate a lack of fiber, which can cause nausea, constipation, or blood sugar swings; eliminating dairy entirely from your diet can indicate a calcium shortage, which can cause brittle bones or even osteoporosis. To ensure that your body gets the energy and minerals it needs to thrive, it's important to carefully analyze any dietary changes and look for substitutes.

Decreased muscle mass

The body may occasionally turn to muscle mass as a source of fuel when you lose weight too quickly. Therefore, you're actually losing essential muscle mass even though you're theoretically lowering the number on the scale. Not only is muscle necessary to maintain your body's optimal movement and tone, but it also burns calories faster than fat due to its higher metabolic activity.

Fatigue

Fatigue and exhaustion can result from depriving your body of the nutritious energy it requires, especially when combined with vigorous exercise. It could be difficult for you to get through the workday without becoming overly exhausted. Your body may have irregular and undesirable cravings for high-calorie foods or be less likely to work out when it is tired.

Low mood or irritability

Exercise has a terrific mood-boosting effect, but if you're too tired from pushing yourself in the gym and aren't eating enough to keep your energy levels up, you could find yourself feeling even more stressed, irritable, or angry. Low emotions might result from hunger and fatigue, which can make it difficult to concentrate or stay motivated.

Not only that but there are other dangers associated with losing weight quickly. These could be: 

Headaches

Dizziness

Hair loss

Menstrual irregularities

Can rapid weight loss be good for you? 

But is drastically cutting weight the only unhealthy way to go? Can it contribute positively to a journey toward well-being? In actuality, it truly depends on your body type and health objectives, although it might be. Some people lose weight more quickly than others because they have metabolisms that are significantly faster than average. When starting out on a healthy diet and exercise regimen, people frequently see faster initial weight loss (typically in the first few weeks) as their bodies acclimate to the new habits and shed water weight. Once these modifications become a more regular part of their routine, this normally slows down to a more regular pace of loss.

Unless you don't need to lose weight or are losing weight because of your health, losing weight shouldn't always happen quickly. What can be unhealthy is the method by which you lose weight. It's crucial to eat a balanced, healthful diet that gives your body the nourishment, fuel, and energy it needs to operate properly while concentrating on weight loss. If you combine this with a well-planned exercise regimen, you should be able to lose weight healthily. It could be worthwhile to consult a nutritionist or your general practitioner if you're worried that you're losing weight too quickly to make sure you're doing it the right way.

[higherrealmswellness]

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[fitnesslife]

Understanding Body Types: Ectomorph, Mesomorph, and Endomorph

When it comes to fitness and achieving your health goals, understanding your body type can be a game-changer. We all have different genetic predispositions that influence how our bodies respond to exercise and nutrition. The concept of body types, often categorized as ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph, can help you tailor your fitness and diet strategies for more effective results. In this article, we'll delve into each of these body types, helping you better understand your own and how to optimize your fitness journey accordingly.

Ectomorph: The Lean Machine

Ectomorphs are typically characterized by a lean and slender physique. They often have a high metabolism, which means they burn calories quickly. Key features of ectomorphs include:

Narrow shoulders and hips: Ectomorphs tend to have a more linear body shape.

Fast metabolism: They may find it challenging to gain weight or muscle.

Lean muscle mass: Ectomorphs often have difficulty building muscle mass.

Fitness and Nutrition Tips for Ectomorphs:

Focus on strength training: Ectomorphs should prioritize resistance training to build lean muscle mass.

Increase calorie intake: To gain weight and muscle, ectomorphs should consume a surplus of calories, emphasizing quality nutrition.

Frequent, smaller meals: Eating smaller, more frequent meals can help maintain energy levels and support muscle growth.

Mesomorph: The Athletic Build

Mesomorphs are known for their athletic and well-proportioned bodies. They typically have an easier time both gaining muscle and losing fat. Key features of mesomorphs include:

Naturally muscular: Mesomorphs have an easier time building and maintaining muscle.

Broad shoulders and a narrow waist: They often have an hourglass or V-shaped body.

Efficient metabolism: Their bodies tend to respond well to both muscle gain and fat loss efforts.

Fitness and Nutrition Tips for Mesomorphs:

Variety in workouts: Mesomorphs can excel in a range of fitness activities, so they should incorporate both cardio and resistance training for overall health.

Balanced diet: Focus on a balanced diet with lean protein, carbohydrates, and healthy fats to support muscle growth and recovery.

Stay active: Regular exercise is crucial to maintaining their physique.

Endomorph: The Natural Curves

Endomorphs typically have a rounder and softer body shape. They have a slower metabolism and are more prone to weight gain. Key features of endomorphs include:

Rounder physique: Endomorphs often carry weight in the form of curves.

Slower metabolism: They may find it challenging to lose weight or body fat.

Greater potential for muscle mass: Endomorphs can build muscle but should be mindful of body fat levels.

Fitness and Nutrition Tips for Endomorphs:

Embrace cardiovascular exercise: Endomorphs can benefit from regular cardio to manage weight and maintain cardiovascular health.

Portion control: Pay attention to portion sizes and calorie intake to avoid excess weight gain.

Strength training: Incorporate strength training to build muscle and boost metabolism.

Conclusion:

Understanding your body type is a valuable step toward reaching your fitness and health goals. While these categories can provide guidance, it's important to remember that everyone is unique, and a one-size-fits-all approach doesn't work in fitness and nutrition. Tailoring your strategy based on your body type is just one piece of the puzzle. Consult with fitness professionals and nutritionists to create a personalized plan that aligns with your goals and works best for you. Remember that consistent effort, a healthy lifestyle, and patience are key components of any successful fitness journey, regardless of your body type.

[compneuropapers]

Interesting Papers for Week 23, 2024

Metabolically regulated spiking could serve neuronal energy homeostasis and protect from reactive oxygen species. Chintaluri, C., & Vogels, T. P. (2023). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(48), e2306525120.

Exponential history integration with diverse temporal scales in retrosplenial cortex supports hyperbolic behavior. Danskin, B. P., Hattori, R., Zhang, Y. E., Babic, Z., Aoi, M., & Komiyama, T. (2023). Science Advances, 9(48).

Learning efficient representations of environmental priors in working memory. Eissa, T. L., & Kilpatrick, Z. P. (2023). PLOS Computational Biology, 19(11), e1011622.

Bayesian accounts of perceptual decisions in the nonclinical continuum of psychosis: Greater imprecision in both top-down and bottom-up processes. Goodwin, I., Kugel, J., Hester, R., & Garrido, M. I. (2023). PLOS Computational Biology, 19(11), e1011670.

Rhythmic modulation of prediction errors: A top-down gating role for the beta-range in speech processing. Hovsepyan, S., Olasagasti, I., & Giraud, A.-L. (2023). PLOS Computational Biology, 19(11), e1011595.

Distributed Coding of Evidence Accumulation across the Mouse Brain Using Microcircuits with a Diversity of Timescales. Imani, E., Radkani, S., Hashemi, A., Harati, A., Pourreza, H., & Moazami Goudarzi, M. (2023). ENeuro, 10(11), ENEURO.0282-23.2023.

Hopfield-like network with complementary encodings of memories. Kang, L., & Toyoizumi, T. (2023). Physical Review E, 108(5), 054410.

Parametric information about eye movements is sent to the ears. Lovich, S. N., King, C. D., Murphy, D. L. K., Landrum, R. E., Shera, C. A., & Groh, J. M. (2023). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(48), e2303562120.

A Somatosensory Computation That Unifies Limbs and Tools. Miller, L. E., Fabio, C., de Vignemont, F., Roy, A., Medendorp, W. P., & Farnè, A. (2023). ENeuro, 10(11), ENEURO.0095-23.2023.

The Structure of Hippocampal CA1 Interactions Optimizes Spatial Coding across Experience. Nardin, M., Csicsvari, J., Tkačik, G., & Savin, C. (2023). Journal of Neuroscience, 43(48), 8140–8156.

Misidentifying illuminant changes in natural scenes due to failures in relational colour constancy. Nascimento, S. M. C., & Foster, D. H. (2023). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 290(2011).

The microstructure of intra- and interpersonal coordination. Nazzaro, G., Emanuele, M., Laroche, J., Esposto, C., Fadiga, L., D’Ausilio, A., & Tomassini, A. (2023). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 290(2011).

Algebraic approach to spike-time neural codes in the hippocampus. Pasini, F. W., Busch, A. N., Mináč, J., Padmanabhan, K., & Muller, L. (2023). Physical Review E, 108(5), 054404.

Subsecond fluctuations in extracellular dopamine encode reward and punishment prediction errors in humans. Sands, L. P., Jiang, A., Liebenow, B., DiMarco, E., Laxton, A. W., Tatter, S. B., … Kishida, K. T. (2023). Science Advances, 9(48).

Abstract cognitive maps of social network structure aid adaptive inference. Son, J.-Y., Bhandari, A., & FeldmanHall, O. (2023). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(47), e2310801120.

Optimal information loading into working memory explains dynamic coding in the prefrontal cortex. Stroud, J. P., Watanabe, K., Suzuki, T., Stokes, M. G., & Lengyel, M. (2023). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(48), e2307991120.

Decoding working memory information from neurons with and without persistent activity in the primate prefrontal cortex. Thrower, L., Dang, W., Jaffe, R. G., Sun, J. D., & Constantinidis, C. (2023). Journal of Neurophysiology, 130(6), 1392–1402.

Architecture of the brain’s visual system enhances network stability and performance through layers, delays, and feedback. Velarde, O. M., Makse, H. A., & Parra, L. C. (2023). PLOS Computational Biology, 19(11), e1011078.

Information-theoretic analyses of neural data to minimize the effect of researchers’ assumptions in predictive coding studies. Wollstadt, P., Rathbun, D. L., Usrey, W. M., Bastos, A. M., Lindner, M., Priesemann, V., & Wibral, M. (2023). PLOS Computational Biology, 19(11), e1011567.

Interaction between decision-making and motor learning when selecting reach targets in the presence of bias and noise. Zhu, T., Gallivan, J. P., Wolpert, D. M., & Flanagan, J. R. (2023). PLOS Computational Biology, 19(11), e1011596.