#environmental multilateralism

[biodiversityday]

Save the date: COP16 Colombia "PAZ CON LA NATURALEZA." from Oct. 21 to Nov. 1st, 2024.

Now is the time to accelerate action and show progress towards turning the Biodiversity Plan into nationally driven action.

In February, Gustavo Petro, the President of the Republic of Colombia announced that Cali will be the host city for the sixteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP16) to be held from Oct. 21 to Nov. 1, 2024.

“We bow to the most biodiverse region of Colombia,” the President said. The announcement marked the end of a suspenseful few weeks during which the cities of Bogotá and Cali took to the radio waves, television, newspapers, and social media to speak about COP16 and make the case for hosting the world’s foremost multilateral meeting dedicated to biodiversity.

Speaking at the announcement event, Susana Muhamad, Minister of Environment and Sustainable Development of Colombia, who led her country's bid to host COP16, described it as a meeting for the people, to help humanity live with and aim to achieve peace with nature. “Now begins the journey to COP16,” she said.

As Cali beckons, now is the time to accelerate action and show progress towards turning the four goals and 23 targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Diversity Framework - known as the Biodiversity Plan - into nationally driven action. Parties to the CBD are expected to press ahead with the alignment of their National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) with the Biodiversity Plan. To be effective, NBSAPs will have to embody a whole-of-government and whole-of-society approach, as the Biodiversity Plan itself does. Monitoring, reporting, and reviewing of implementation will be key to driving evidence-based progress. 

In addition, COP16 will pore over the provision of means of implementation. Financial resources, capacity building, technical and scientific cooperation, and access to and transfer of technology are essential to the full implementation of the Biodiversity Plan. Goal D of the Plan includes language on securing the means of implementation and making them accessible to all Parties, especially developing countries, Least Developed Countries, Small Island Developing States, and countries with economies in transition.

Parties are expected to move towards closing the biodiversity finance gap of $700 billion per year, and work towards aligning financial flows with the Biodiversity Plan. The GEF-8 resources for biodiversity - the largest yet from the multilateral family of funds - will provide vital support to countries as they initiate the implementation of the Biodiversity Plan. The required finance will also flow through the new Global Biodiversity Framework Fund and through innovative financing mechanisms such as debt-for-nature swaps and biodiversity bonds.

Access and benefit-sharing, addressed in Article 15 of the CBD and the Nagoya Protocol, will feature prominently on the agenda. COP16 will notably consider the operationalization of the multilateral mechanism for the fair and equitable sharing of benefits from Digital Sequence Information on genetic resources, including a global fund.

Peace with nature

Inspired by the Inírida flower, a species endemic to Colombia, the COP16 logo was unveiled during the 6th United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-6), along with the host country’s slogan for COP16: “Peace with Nature.” 

Speaking at the logo unveiling event alongside David Cooper, Acting Executive Secretary of the CBD, Colombia’s Environment and Sustainable Development Minister Muhamad said: “This is a flower that never dies. Its petals never fall apart. We hope that the COP16 in Colombia can help the world to make peace with nature, so that we can sustain and maintain life on the planet forever."

The petals represent the 23 targets of the Biodiversity Plan and the 13 ecoregions of Colombia, one of the most biodiverse countries in the world. The color palette symbolizes three pathways for action - reduce threats, meet people’s needs, and develop tools and solutions, and the need for synergies. 

“The eloquent logo featuring the Inírida flower speaks volumes of the beauty and diversity of Colombia. Under the theme of Peace with Nature, COP16 will bring the world together to promote and support the implementation of the Biodiversity Plan," Cooper said at the logo unveiling event.

The symbolism of the iconography echoes the UN Secretary-General’s call to make peace with nature, as he referred to how our consumption and production systems are destroying the environment.

The Inírida flower grows nowhere else but Colombia, but the message encapsulated in the emblem will reverberate beyond the host country’s national borders, highlighting the importance of environmental multilateralism. In an increasingly fractured world, global environmental accords show that it is still possible for the world to work together to help forge a sustainable future through multilateralism.

Learn more:

Three messages for biodiversity in the COP 16 logo

International Day for Biological Diversity 2024: “Be part of the Plan”

Astrid Schomaker is the next UN Biodiversity chief

[kesarijournal]

The Grand WTO's Food, Fishing, and Farming Fiasco

The Grand WTO's Food, Fishing, and Farming Fiasco

Welcome to the latest drama that’s more tangled than your earphones in a pocket – the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) ongoing saga involving a cast of nations with India and South Africa in leading roles, and a contentious plot over food, fishing, and farming subsidies. Set against the backdrop of Abu Dhabi’s Ministerial Conference, our story unfolds with India and South Africa uniting to…

[segsabase]

Analysis of An Absence of Governance & Multilateral Cooperation in Combating Environmental Degradation

– A Review of the Lake Chad Basin Development (LCBDC) & The Nile River Basin (NRB) Countries – Olusegun Ehinfun, MBA PhD. Candidate and Paul R. Sachs, PhD, MBA Summary: Balancing national interest, regional collaboration and economic sustainability will be even more important in a world where climate change affects the distribution of key resources such as water. Leaders must be proactive in…

[socialjusticeday]

Improving workers' protection and enterprises' sustainability.

On the occasion of World Day of Social Justice 2022, ILO Director-General, Guy Ryder, says international community has a rare chance that must not be missed to shape a recovery from COVID-19 that delivers social justice for people and protects the planet we all depend on.

We need a response that focuses on people. That promotes social justice for all while protecting the planet we all depend on.

One priority must be formalizing the informal economy, where 60 per cent of the world’s workers still earn their living, often in poverty, with few rights or protections.

Other key steps must include:

Universal social protection.

Improving workers' protection and enterprises' sustainability.

Promoting decent jobs and inclusive economic growth.

And, creating a just transition towards a carbon-neutral global economy.

To bring it all together we will also need greater and more coherent co-operation between countries and between multilateral organizations.

It’s an enormous challenge. But, we already have a roadmap to guide us.

[ngdrb]

The accomplishments of Joe Biden during his presidency

Joe Biden, the 46th President of the United States, assumed office at a pivotal moment in history, facing a myriad of challenges ranging from a global pandemic to economic uncertainty and social unrest.

Throughout his presidency, President Biden has pursued an ambitious agenda aimed at addressing these pressing issues and advancing key policy priorities. In this essay, we will examine some of the notable accomplishments of Joe Biden during his time in office and the impact of his leadership on the nation.

One of the most significant accomplishments of President Biden during his presidency has been his administration's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Upon taking office, President Biden made the pandemic a top priority and swiftly implemented a national strategy to combat the spread of the virus and accelerate the vaccination campaign.

Under his leadership, the administration successfully exceeded its initial goal of administering 100 million vaccine doses within the first 100 days, ultimately surpassing 200 million doses. This aggressive vaccination effort has been instrumental in curbing the spread of the virus and has contributed to a significant reduction in COVID-19 cases and deaths across the country.

 In addition to his focus on public health, President Biden has made substantial strides in revitalizing the American economy in the wake of the pandemic. The administration's American Rescue Plan, a comprehensive COVID-19 relief package, provided much-needed financial assistance to individuals, families, and businesses impacted by the economic downturn. The plan included direct stimulus payments to Americans, extended unemployment benefits, support for small businesses, and funding for vaccine distribution and testing. 

President Biden's economic agenda has also centered on job creation and infrastructure investment, culminating in the passage of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, a historic legislation that allocates substantial funding for modernizing the nation's infrastructure, creating millions of jobs, and bolstering economic growth. Furthermore, President Biden has been a vocal advocate for advancing racial equity and social justice in the United States. His administration has taken concrete steps to address systemic inequalities and promote inclusivity, including the signing of executive orders to combat discrimination, promote fair housing, and strengthen tribal sovereignty. 

Additionally, President Biden signed into law the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act, establishing Juneteenth as a federal holiday to commemorate the end of slavery in the United States. These actions underscore the administration's commitment to confronting the legacy of racism and fostering a more equitable society for all Americans.

 Moreover, President Biden has demonstrated a strong commitment to combating climate change and advancing environmental sustainability.

 His administration rejoined the Paris Agreement on climate change, signaling a renewed dedication to global cooperation in addressing the climate crisis. In November 2021, President Biden convened a virtual Leaders Summit on Climate, bringing together world leaders to discuss ambitious measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and accelerate the transition to clean energy. 

Additionally, the administration has unveiled a comprehensive plan to invest in clean energy infrastructure, promote energy efficiency, and prioritize environmental justice, aiming to position the United States as a global leader in the fight against climate change. 

In the realm of foreign policy, President Biden has sought to reassert American leadership on the world stage and rebuild alliances with international partners. His administration has prioritized diplomacy and multilateral engagement, working to address global challenges such as nuclear proliferation, cybersecurity threats, and human rights abuses. 

President Biden has reaffirmed the United States' commitment to NATO and other key alliances, signaling a departure from the isolationist policies of the previous administration. His approach to foreign affairs has emphasized the importance of collaboration and collective action in tackling shared global concerns, fostering a more cohesive and cooperative international order. Furthermore, 

President Biden has been a steadfast proponent of expanding access to affordable healthcare and strengthening the Affordable Care Act. His administration has taken steps to bolster the ACA, including increasing enrollment outreach, expanding coverage options, and lowering healthcare costs for millions of Americans. 

President Biden has also championed efforts to address mental health challenges and substance abuse disorders, recognizing the critical importance of mental and behavioral health in overall well-being. 

In conclusion, President Joe Biden has achieved a range of significant accomplishments during his tenure in office, from his swift and effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic to his ambitious efforts to revitalize the economy, promote racial equity, combat climate change, and reinvigorate America's role in global affairs. 

His leadership has been marked by a steadfast commitment to addressing pressing domestic and international challenges and advancing a progressive policy agenda aimed at fostering a more equitable, resilient, and prosperous future for the nation. As his presidency continues to unfold, the enduring impact of his accomplishments is likely to shape the trajectory of the United States for years to come, leaving a lasting imprint on the fabric of American society and the global community.

[mariacallous]

In January 2020, Mexico made history as the first Latin American country to adopt a feminist foreign policy. Pioneered by Sweden six years earlier in 2014, feminist foreign policy (FFP) initially began as a niche effort in the Nordic region. For many years, Sweden stood alone on the global stage, emphasizing that its FFP focused on enhancing women’s “rights, resources, and representation” in the country’s diplomatic and development efforts worldwide. That effort was the result of the vision and leadership of Sweden’s foreign minister at the time, Margot Wallström, although there was widespread support for the policy across the government and it was continued by subsequent ministers.

It would be another three years before other nations followed suit: In 2017, Canada announced a Feminist International Assistance Policy. At the end of 2018, Luxembourg’s new coalition government committed to developing a FFP in their coalition agreement. And in 2019, Mexico and France pledged to co-host a major women’s rights anniversary conference in 2021 while beginning to explore the development of feminist foreign policies simultaneously.

I had an inside view on that process having convened the existing FFP governments and numerous international experts just before Mexico’s announcement. Together, we developed a global definition and framework for FFP. As I wrote for this magazine in January 2020, this approach was largely followed by the Mexican policy. The goals for Mexico in adopting an FFP were to increase the rights of women and LGBTQ+ individuals on the world stage, diversify their diplomatic corps, boost resourcing for gender equality issues, and ensure that internal policies within the foreign ministry aligned with this approach, including a zero-tolerance policy toward gender-based harassment.

Now, under the leadership of a new female foreign minister, Alicia Bárcena, and following the election of Mexico’s first woman president, Claudia Sheinbaum, I was excited to travel to Mexico City in July as it hit another milestone: becoming the first country outside Europe to host the annual ministerial-level conference on FFP. It was an opportunity for me to take stock of what Mexico has achieved since it adopted an FFP, and to see what progress it has made toward its goals.

Initially convened by Germany’s Annalena Baerbock in 2022 and then by the Dutch last year, Mexico took a unique approach to the conference by focusing it on a specific policy issue—in this case, the forthcoming Summit of the Future. This conference, taking place at the U.N. General Assembly in September, aims to begin laying the groundwork for the successor goals to the Sustainable Development Goals framework. It is already a fraught and polarized process, and progressive leadership is sorely needed.

Last week provided clear evidence that Mexico is making progress in modeling that leadership—including in consistently advocating for progressive language in often contentious international multilateral negotiations, such as the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP). For example, in its interventions at the latest COP, Mexico placed human rights, intersectionality and gender equity at the heart of climate action and recognized the role of women environmental defenders and Indigenous women in a just transition.

“Mexico is often a lone voice in holding the line on critical human rights, Indigenous rights and gender equality language at the climate talks, even among the FFP countries,” said Bridget Burns, the executive director of the Women’s Environment and Development Organization who has spent the last 15 years organizing women’s rights activists in climate negotiations and attended the July conference to speak on the sustainable development panel.

Mexico’s decision to link their hosting of the FFP Conference to the Summit of the Future—as evidenced in an outcome document they published and are circulating for signature ahead of the General Assembly’s high-level week in September—challenged FFP governments to engage a feminist approach in mainstream foreign policy dialogue, not just in gender-related discussions like the U.N. Commission on the Status of Women. “The Summit of the Future aspires to a better tomorrow, but lofty goals won’t translate to real systemic change without feminist civil society,” said Sehnaz Kiymaz, senior coordinator of the Women’s Major Group.

On the multilateral front, Mexico has shown leadership by co-chairing the Feminist Foreign Policy Plus Group (FFP+) at the UN, alongside Spain. This body held the first ministerial-level meeting on FFP at the General Assembly last year and adopted the world’s first political declaration on FFP. Signed by 18 countries, governments pledged “to take feminist, intersectional and gender-transformative approaches to our foreign policies,” and outlined six areas for action in this regard. This was the first time FFP countries publicly pledged to work together as a group to address pressing global challenges through a feminist approach. While smaller subsets of this cohort have worked together multilaterally to condemn women’s rights rollbacks in Afghanistan or in support of an international legal framework on the right to care and be cared for, the first big test of this more systematic approach will be the forthcoming Summit of the Future, where feminists have been advocating for gender to be referenced as a cross-cutting priority.

Mexico has also recently ratified two international instruments to directly benefit women: Convention 189 of the International Labor Organization (ILO) on domestic workers and Convention 190 of the ILO on violence and harassment in the workplace. Under the mantle of its FFP, Mexico has championed the importance of care work in the advancement of women’s rights and countries’ development at the U.N. Human Rights Council and at the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean through the Global Alliance for Care Work.

While international women’s rights activists at the conference largely gave positive feedback on Mexico’s track record, the response from Mexican civil society was more critical. Activists organized a side event to present their more skeptical view of Mexican FFP. María Paulina Rivera Chávez, a member of the Mexican coalition and an organizer of the event, argued a conference could only go so far. “It is fundamental to decenter the state, understanding that feminist foreign policies must be horizontal,” she said.

A major theme of that side event and of Mexican activists’ interventions in the official ministerial conference was the incongruence of the Mexican government’s leadership on feminist approaches internationally while women’s human rights at home have suffered. Such criticisms of the Andrés Manuel López Obrador government are not unfounded. In one particularly troubling interview a few years ago, he suggested that Mexico’s high rate of femicide—11 women are murdered daily, with rates on the rise compared to other crimes—was merely a false provocation by his political opponents. Negative biases against women are pervasive in Mexico, with 90 percent of the population holding such biases.

Mexico has made strides in improving gender equality in other areas, however. Women now make up half of the Mexican legislature and have been appointed to lead high-level institutions, such as the Supreme Court, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Central Bank, with cascading positive effects on gender equality. Bárcena, for instance, clearly asserted from her first speech on the job that Mexico’s FFP would remain a top priority. This is no accident. At the federal level, significant efforts have been made to enforce gender parity laws and implement more than 80 percent of the legal frameworks promoting, enforcing and monitoring gender equality as stipulated by international benchmarks. Mexican women have also seen some improvements in maternal mortality rates, access to internet services, and protections to the right to abortion, with numerous national commitments to improve gender equality, such as measures to alleviate the burden of care on women.

But while there has been an increase in the number of women in the legislature and government positions, women from Indigenous, Afro-descendent, and working-class backgrounds continue to be underrepresented in political roles. And there has been a steady increase over the last decade in femicides, disappearances and sexual violence which Mexican feminist organizations and international actors have found are directly linked to the militarization of law enforcement under the guise of Mexico’s war on drugs and organized crime.

Additional criticisms of the Mexican FFP itself include the foreign ministry’s insularity and reluctance to engage with Mexican feminist activists in the development and implementation of its FFP. There was also a hesitation by the previous foreign ministry leadership to collaborate with Inmujeres, Mexico’s gender ministry, preferring to keep control of the FFP within the foreign ministry alone. It is not uncommon for gender ministries to be excluded in foreign policymaking as they are often perceived as lacking the necessary expertise or authority on foreign policy. However, Inmujeres is an exception in this regard and the criticism was valid. This was on my mind as I participated in the conference last month, and straight out of the gate I could observe a clear departure from the past approach under Bárcena’s leadership: The foreign ministry officially partnered with Inmujeres to co-host the conference, and the heads of both agencies were equally prominent voices throughout the three-day event. Similarly, the foreign ministry also made efforts to engage Mexican feminist civil society in conference planning, inviting civil society to a consultation day in the weeks leading up to the conference.

Following the right-wing electoral successes and likely abandonment of FFP in countries like Sweden, Argentina, and potentially the Netherlands, the success of a Mexican model of FFP is all the more important. Mexican activists I spoke with expressed optimism about Bárcena’s leadership, which they had not extended to her predecessor. Certainly, there is some cynicism about whether Mexico’s next president, a woman, will be any better on the issue of femicide than her mentor and predecessor, López Obrador, but there is some room for hope. If the leadership of a female foreign minister like Bárcena has been more effective in mobilizing political and convening power behind FFP, there’s potential that Sheinbaum will also show more interest than her predecessor.

While Mexican civil society has critiqued that Sheinbaum did not present a plan on how she would continue and improve the country’s FFP and repair the government’s relationship with feminist civil society, Sheinbaum’s plan—entitled 100 Pasos Para La Transformación—takes a human rights-based approach to gender equality. This is promising, because political approaches, which are more common, tend to reduce the human rights of women, girls, and gender-diverse persons as a means to an end, such as better economic, education, or health outcomes. The plan proposes measures to alleviate the care burden on women, safeguard sexual and reproductive health and rights, protect LGBTQ+ communities, promote gender parity in cabinets, improve land rights for rural women, reduce femicides, and more.

That Sheinbaum has not explicitly addressed the importance of Mexico’s FFP is not necessarily surprising. Most feminist and women’s rights organizations are understandably more focused on issues within their own borders, and foreign policy rarely drives political power and the focus of the electorate. Discussion of feminist foreign policy is thus typically the domain of the foreign minister and in some cases other relevant ministers—such as international development in Germany, or the trade ministry in Sweden under its previous government. (Canada’s Justin Trudeau stands out as a rare exception, having championed feminism and Canada’s feminist approach to policymaking at the Group of Seven and international gender equality forums throughout his tenure as prime minister.)

But even without top-down leadership from a president, savvy officials within the Mexican foreign and gender ministries are using FFP to make progress. While there has not yet been a public accounting of the progress made in implementing FFP, the clear leadership Mexico is demonstrating on the world stage in key negotiations, its successful conference, and the anticipated new government set the stage for Mexico to boldly advance its FFP. It will serve as a valuable example to the world.

[allthebrazilianpolitics]

Ministers of Germany, Brazil, South Africa and Spain: why we need a global tax on billionaires

Finance chiefs say higher taxes for the super-rich are key to battling global inequality and climate crisis

When the governors of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund convened for the spring meetings last week, it was all about the really big questions. What can the international community do to accelerate decarbonisation and fight climate change? How can highly indebted countries retain fiscal space to invest in poverty eradication, social services and global public goods? What does the international community need to do to get back on track towards reaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? How can multilateral development banks be strengthened to support these ambitions?

There is one issue that makes addressing these global challenges much harder: inequality. While the disparity between the richest and poorest countries has slightly narrowed, the gap remains alarmingly high. Moreover, in the past two decades, we have witnessed a significant increase in inequalities within most countries, with the income gap between the top 10% and the bottom 50% nearly doubling. Looking ahead, current global economic trends pose serious threats to progress towards higher equality.

The multidimensional character of inequality is undeniable. Basic services such as healthcare and education are not equally available to all. Often, this inequality of opportunity is handed down from generation to generation. Social origins, gender, race or where people live are some of the factors that play a role in reproducing inequalities. Furthermore, high inequality harms economic development because it inhibits innovation and prevents people from developing their full potential. It is corrosive to democracy and weakens social cohesion. And where social cohesion is weak, there is less support for the structural reforms we will need to undertake in the coming years, such as the necessary transformation towards a net zero economy.

Fortunately, there is a growing global awareness of the importance not only of growth, but of sustainable and equitable growth. Increasing prosperity while tackling inequality within and across countries and generations, including entrenched race and gender inequalities, should not be at odds. Achieving truly sustainable growth lies in balancing three fundamental concerns: economic, social, and environmental.

Continue reading.

[darkmaga-retard]

Bear with me; I am trying to identify the most effective way of conveying this important material. Please share. Consensus on this document will be sought at the UN in 8 days!

Meryl Nass

Sep 15, 2024

In 10 points, what does the Pact for the Future tell us?

Meryl Nass, MD. September 15, 2024

1.  Global governance is to be transformed and strengthened

"We will transform global governance" which will lead "to a brighter future for all of humanity."  But this will require greater international cooperation and compliance with international law. [paragraphs 3-5, and Action 41]

"We will strengthen the UN system" [Action 48]

2.  Assuring compliance

"Where mandated intergovernmental processes exist, we will use them to advance this agenda." [paragraph 17]

"We will strengthen international cooperation for the environment and the implementation of and compliance with our multilateral environmental agreements to deliver on our ambition to protect our planet." [Action 58] 

"Deepen United Nations’ engagement with national parliaments in United Nations intergovernmental bodies and processes, in accordance with national legislation, including through building on the efforts of the United Nations and Inter-Parliamentary Union to engage parliamentarians to maintain support for the implementation of relevant UN agreements and resolutions." [Action 59] 

3.  Dictatorial authority sought for the UN Secretary-General, echoing the plan for the WHO's Director-General in the Pandemic Treaty and proposed IHR amendments

Echoing the WHO's pandemic aspirations, the Pact seeks to give the UN Secretary-General the sole authority to operationalize an "Emergency Platform," for any type of emergency he designates, to decide which emergencies warrant this declaration, to decide when to trigger this authority, and to determine how to manage the emergency. [Action 57]

4.  Sustainable Development to be at the center of multilateralism (i.e., global governance) and at the center of a new global financial architecture

While "development" was one of the original 3 pillars of the UN, sometimes listed as 4 pillars, the Pact now claims that "Sustainable Development" is one of the essential 3 pillars of the UN. [paragraph 9] This is a gross misrepresentation, because the term "sustainable development" is used interchangeably with the Agenda for Sustainable Development, Agenda 2030 and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, none of which existed when the UN was founded, and they have an entirely different meaning than the general term "development."

The Pact claims that sustainable development is "a central objective of multilateralism" [paragraph 10] and furthermore, "we will accelerate reform of the international financial architecture to address the challenges of today and tomorrow... the reform of the international financial architecture should place the 2030 agenda at its center" [Action 50].  But the world's citizens never voted to make Agenda 2030 the centerpiece of multilateralism, nor have they asked for the creation of a wholly new financial architecture, for which the UN lacks expertise and probably also lacks authority.

[mulaasritha]

Tides of Change Addressing Global Garbage on Alaska's Beaches

Alaska's pristine coastline, often celebrated for its rugged beauty and untamed wilderness, faces a growing threat: an influx of garbage from around the globe. Despite its remote location, Alaska's beaches are not immune to the pervasive problem of marine debris, with trash washing ashore from distant shores. From plastic bottles to fishing gear, this garbage poses a significant environmental hazard, endangering wildlife and spoiling the natural beauty of these coastal landscapes.

While Alaska's beaches may seem isolated, they serve as a final destination for marine debris carried by ocean currents from far-flung regions. Discarded items from coastal communities, commercial fishing vessels, and even overseas shipping contribute to the mounting problem of garbage washing up on Alaska's shores. Once ashore, this debris can persist for years, polluting habitats, entangling marine life, and leaching harmful chemicals into the environment.

The impact of marine debris on Alaska's coastal ecosystems is profound. Wildlife, including seabirds, marine mammals, and fish, often mistake plastic fragments for food, leading to ingestion and starvation. Entanglement in discarded fishing nets and lines can prove fatal for marine animals, hindering their ability to feed, swim, and reproduce. Moreover, the accumulation of garbage diminishes the aesthetic value of Alaska's beaches, tarnishing their allure for residents and visitors alike.

Addressing the issue of global garbage on Alaska's beaches requires a concerted effort at local, national, and international levels. Coastal communities must implement waste management strategies to reduce the amount of trash entering marine environments, including recycling programs, beach cleanups, and public education campaigns. Collaboration between government agencies, non-profit organizations, and industry stakeholders is essential to coordinate cleanup efforts and promote sustainable practices.

Furthermore, international cooperation is vital to address the root causes of marine debris, including plastic pollution and improper waste disposal. Multilateral agreements, such as the Basel Convention and the International Maritime Organization's MARPOL Annex V, aim to regulate the transboundary movement of hazardous waste and prevent marine pollution. By strengthening these agreements and enforcing regulations, the global community can mitigate the impacts of marine debris on Alaska's beaches and beyond.

In conclusion, Alaska's beaches are not immune to the scourge of marine debris, with garbage from around the world washing ashore on its pristine shores. The proliferation of plastic pollution, discarded fishing gear, and other waste poses a significant threat to coastal ecosystems and wildlife. Addressing this issue requires collective action at the local, national, and international levels, including waste management initiatives, cleanup efforts, and international cooperation. Only through concerted efforts can we protect Alaska's beaches and preserve their natural beauty for future generations to enjoy.

[adrianodiprato]

+ “The final chapter is ours to write. We know what we need to do. What happens next is up to us.” Sir David Attenborough

Our Common Home: Lessons from Pope Francis' 'Laudate Deum'

In a world increasingly grappling with environmental challenges, Pope Francis' recent apostolic exhortation, "Laudate Deum," offers invaluable insights into the urgent need for care and stewardship of our planet, lovingly referred to as "our common home." This blog piece explores the significance of environmental protection, the challenges of our current multilateral system, the role of faith in fostering a deeper connection with the Earth, and why it is particularly relevant to Christians across the globe. Pope Francis' message underscores the notion that hope-filled, faith-inspired actions are vital, for "The world sings of an infinite Love: how can we fail to care for it?" (#65).

The Challenge of International Climate Agreements: A Historical Perspective

For several decades, representatives from around the world have convened to address climate change. While these meetings have had their successes and shortcomings, there is much to be learned from the past. The 1997 Kyoto Protocol set ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but it failed to meet them. It is reminiscent of the wisdom found in Matthew 6:28-29:

"Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow: they toil not, neither do they spin. And yet I say unto you that even Solomon, in all his glory, was not arrayed like one of these."

In 2015, the Paris Agreement breathed new life into global climate efforts, but its success depends on unwavering commitment and political determination.

The Urgent Need for Climate Action: Lessons from COP28

COP28, hosted by the United Arab Emirates, presents a pivotal opportunity to accelerate the shift to sustainable energy sources. This is especially significant given the UAE's role as a major fossil fuel exporter. Their investments in renewable energy align with biblical wisdom in Leviticus 25:23, which reminds us that "the land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine; with me, you are but aliens and tenants."

COP28 is our chance to prove that the years of effort since 1992 were not in vain. The urgency of the situation cannot be overstated, and it is in line with Pope Francis' message: every effort counts, and even the smallest action can alleviate suffering. The time to reduce global carbon emissions is running out, and action cannot be delayed. We need binding, efficient, obligatory, and readily monitored commitments from all nations for a sustainable energy transition.

The Role of Faith in Environmental Stewardship

In Laudate Deum, Pope Francis emphasizes the crucial role of faith and spirituality in fostering a deep connection with nature. He invokes passages from the Bible, emphasizing God's proclamation that "everything... was very good." This biblical perspective recognises the Earth as sacred and deserving of our care.

For Christians worldwide, our motivation to respond is hope-filled. We believe that the risen Christ reconciles all creatures to himself. As Pope Francis says,

"The world sings of an infinite Love: how can we fail to care for it?" (#65)

This deep-rooted faith calls us to see the world as a gift from God, worthy of reverence and protection. We must remember that we are tenants of the Earth, not its owners. Pope Francis’ situated anthropocentrism (#67) compels us to live in harmony with the environment instead of exploiting it for short-term gain.

Hope in the Face of Adversity

Despite the grave challenges we face, Pope Francis reminds us that we must maintain hope. To "‘say there is nothing to hope for... would mean exposing humanity, especially the poorest, to the worst impacts of climate change" (#54). Our faith compels us to have hope, as Romans 8:19-21 tells us,

"For the creation waits with eager longing for the revealing of the sons of God. For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of him who subjected it, in hope that the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to corruption and obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God."

Hope is not merely wishful thinking; it is a powerful motivator for change. It inspires individuals, communities, and nations to act and preserve our common home. Hope encourages us to look beyond the challenges and work collectively towards a sustainable and harmonious future.

Journeying in Communion and Commitment

For Christians across the globe, our faith calls us to recognize that we are part of a universal family. That human life is incomprehensible and unsustainable without other creatures.

For “as part of the universe… all of us are linked by unseen bonds and together form a kind of universal family, a sublime communion which fills us with a sacred, affectionate and humble respect”. Laudato Si (#42)

Individual, family, and community efforts are pivotal in creating a culture of environmental responsibility. Changes in daily habits contribute to a cultural shift essential for addressing environmental challenges. Furthermore, these changes exert pressure on political sectors to prioritize long-term environmental interests over short-term gains.

Conclusion: A Christian Duty

In conclusion, Laudate Deum by Pope Francis calls for a renewal of our commitment to care for our common home. International climate agreements and the urgency of COP28, the transformative power of faith, and the importance of hope underscore the vital role of Christians across the globe in environmental stewardship. Our faith and the risen Christ's reconciliation of all creatures to himself are motivating factors. In the face of environmental degradation and climate change, we have a calling that transcends borders, denominations, and ideologies. As Christians, we must unite in the noble pursuit of a sustainable and harmonious future for our planet, guided by the ever-present light of hope.

References

Apostolic Exhortation Laudato Deum (4 October 2013), Libreria Editrice Vaticana.

Encyclical Letter Laudato Si’ (24 May 2015), 89: AAS 107 (2015), 883.

Adriano Di Prato is a best-selling author, broadcaster and the Academic Operations Manager at LCI Melbourne, a progressive art, design + enterprise private institute of higher education.

[xnewsinfo]

UN member international locations undertake a plan for the long run to handle wars, environmental threats and technological challenges dealing with humanity.The United Nations Normal Meeting has adopted a “Compact for the Future,” which UN Secretary-Normal Antonio Guterres described as a historic settlement that represents a “radical shift in direction of a simpler, inclusive and networked multilateralism.” The pact, which additionally contains an annex on the way to work in direction of a accountable and sustainable digital future, was adopted and not using a vote on Sunday initially of a two-day Future Summit. The settlement was reached after some 9 months of negotiations. “We're right here to rescue multilateralism from the brink,” Guterres mentioned on the summit. Because the opening of the UN Normal Meeting's annual high-level week, which begins on Tuesday, dozens of heads of state and authorities gathered for the adoption of the pact. The leaders pledged to strengthen the multilateral system to “preserve tempo with a altering world” and “shield the wants and pursuits of present and future generations” within the face of a “persistent disaster.” “We consider that there's a path to a brighter future for all humanity,” the pact doc states. The UN chief has lengthy been pushing for the pact, which covers points similar to peace and safety, international governance, sustainable growth, local weather change, digital cooperation, human rights, gender, youth and future generations. The pact units out some 56 common measures that international locations have dedicated to implement. Nonetheless, the adoption of the pact was briefly delayed when Russian Deputy Overseas Minister Sergei Vershinin launched an modification emphasizing the "precept of non-interference within the inner affairs of states." Russia's objections had been backed by its allies Belarus, North Korea, Iran, Nicaragua and Syria, however its modification was overwhelmingly rejected in a no-action movement. "It was a bit irritating that Russia lastly tried as soon as once more to cease the entire course of," mentioned German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, a co-author of the textual content. Regardless of criticism of the pact, it stays “a chance to affirm our collective dedication to multilateralism, even within the present tough geopolitical context,” one diplomat informed AFP information company, stressing the necessity to rebuild belief between the worldwide South and North. “This compact provides us hope and inspiration for a greater future,” mentioned Sierra Leone President Julius Maada Bio, who has been a eager advocate for the World South on the UN by means of his nation’s membership on the Safety Council. Growing international locations have been notably vocal in calling for concrete commitments on the reform of worldwide monetary establishments, with the intention of guaranteeing simpler entry to preferential financing, particularly contemplating the impacts of local weather change. "This [existing] “This method to governance reinforces the notion that it's acceptable to have first- and second-class residents,” mentioned Barbados Prime Minister Mia Mottley. The pact and its annexes (a World Digital Compact and a Declaration on Future Generations) are non-binding, which has raised issues about its implementation, particularly since some rules, such because the safety of civilians in battle, are violated each day.

[kesarijournal]

The Grand WTO's Food, Fishing, and Farming Fiasco

The Grand WTO's Food, Fishing, and Farming Fiasco

Welcome to the latest drama that’s more tangled than your earphones in a pocket – the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) ongoing saga involving a cast of nations with India and South Africa in leading roles, and a contentious plot over food, fishing, and farming subsidies. Set against the backdrop of Abu Dhabi’s Ministerial Conference, our story unfolds with India and South Africa uniting to…

[code-of-conflict]

AI for Peace: Opportunities for India-China Cooperation

Introduction: AI as a Tool for Diplomacy

As artificial intelligence (AI) reshapes global politics, its potential as a tool for peace and diplomacy is increasingly recognized. While much of the discourse around AI in geopolitics revolves around its application in warfare, surveillance, and competition, AI also holds the promise of fostering collaboration, conflict prevention, and enhanced diplomatic relations. In the context of India-China relations—marked by territorial disputes, geopolitical rivalry, and competition in technology—AI offers an opportunity for cooperation that could redefine their bilateral relationship and promote regional stability.

Leveraging AI for Conflict Prevention and Diplomacy

1. AI-Driven Conflict Prediction and Early Warning Systems

One of the most promising applications of AI in conflict prevention is its ability to process vast amounts of data to identify patterns that may indicate potential conflicts. AI-powered early warning systems can analyze satellite imagery, social media, and diplomatic communications to detect tensions before they escalate into full-blown conflicts. For India and China, which share a long and disputed border, such systems could be invaluable in preventing misunderstandings and unintended skirmishes along the Line of Actual Control (LAC)​.

Collaborating on AI-driven early warning systems could also reduce the risk of border clashes and help de-escalate tensions. By establishing a shared AI platform for monitoring border activities and real-time data sharing, India and China could foster greater transparency and trust in each other’s intentions.

2. AI in Disaster Response and Humanitarian Efforts

Another area where AI could serve as a peacebuilding tool is in disaster response and humanitarian aid. Both India and China face frequent natural disasters, and AI can help improve the coordination of disaster relief efforts. AI-powered systems can predict natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and storms, and optimize the allocation of resources to affected areas.

By jointly developing AI tools for disaster management, the two countries could demonstrate a commitment to regional stability and human security. Such cooperation could extend beyond their borders, with India and China leading multilateral initiatives in South Asia to improve disaster preparedness and response capabilities across the region​.

3. AI for Environmental Protection and Climate Diplomacy

Environmental degradation and climate change are pressing issues that transcend borders. Both India and China are among the world’s largest carbon emitters and are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. AI can play a significant role in addressing these challenges through data-driven solutions for reducing emissions, monitoring deforestation, and managing water resources​.

A collaborative AI framework for environmental protection could see India and China sharing climate data, developing AI-based solutions to optimize energy use, and creating sustainable practices in agriculture and industry. Cooperation in this area would not only benefit both nations domestically but also bolster their global standing as responsible actors in the fight against climate change.

Proposals for a Collaborative Framework for AI Governance

Despite the growing competition between India and China in AI development, there are areas where a collaborative framework for AI governance could promote peace and shared prosperity. The following proposals outline how the two nations could work together to create a stable, transparent, and peaceful AI landscape.

1. Establish a Bilateral AI Peace and Security Council

A formal AI Peace and Security Council, jointly managed by India and China, could serve as a platform for discussing AI-driven conflict prevention, data-sharing agreements, and crisis management. This council could focus on building transparency in AI military applications, reducing the risks of accidental conflicts, and ensuring that AI developments adhere to international peace and security norms. Such a council would facilitate regular dialogue and provide a mechanism for managing AI-related tensions.

2. Joint Development of AI Ethics and Governance Standards

Both India and China have expressed interest in developing responsible AI, albeit with different priorities. India emphasizes ethical AI for social inclusion, while China seeks to balance its strategic objectives with AI safety and governance. By working together on a shared AI governance framework, the two nations could influence international standards for AI governance that prioritize peace, security, and ethical use of technology​. This would also allow them to coordinate efforts in international forums like the United Nations or the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

3. Collaboration on AI Research and Talent Exchange Programs

Academic and scientific cooperation in AI research could deepen trust and promote peaceful applications of AI. India and China could initiate joint AI research centers focused on developing AI for humanitarian, environmental, and diplomatic purposes. Talent exchange programs between their leading universities and AI institutes could foster collaboration and innovation in areas like AI ethics, cybersecurity, and sustainable development​.

Conclusion: A Path Forward for AI and Peace

AI holds the potential to be more than just a tool for competition—it can be harnessed to build bridges between nations. India and China, despite their historical tensions and geopolitical rivalry, have much to gain from collaborating on AI-driven initiatives that prioritize peace, conflict prevention, and regional stability. By leveraging AI for diplomacy, disaster response, and environmental protection, both countries can showcase their commitment to peaceful coexistence and responsible AI development. The creation of a collaborative framework for AI governance would be a step toward ensuring that AI serves as a force for good in their bilateral relations and the broader global community.

[tuxture]

UPSC Syllabus: An In-Depth Guide for Aspirants

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) Civil Services Examination (CSE) is one of India’s most prestigious and challenging exams, with a syllabus that covers a broad spectrum of subjects. Understanding the syllabus thoroughly is crucial for effective preparation. This article provides a comprehensive guide to navigating the UPSC syllabus, offering insights into key areas and practical tips for aspirants.

1. Structure of the UPSC Examination

The UPSC CSE is structured into three stages, each with its own distinct syllabus and format:

Preliminary Examination (Prelims): This stage consists of two objective-type papers:

General Studies Paper I: Focuses on Indian and World Geography, History, Polity, Economy, Environment, and Current Affairs.

General Studies Paper II (CSAT): Tests aptitude skills, including comprehension, logical reasoning, and problem-solving abilities.

Main Examination (Mains): This stage includes nine papers:

Essay Paper: Tests the ability to articulate and develop ideas on a given topic.

General Studies Papers I-IV: Cover History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Environment, and Ethics.

Optional Subject Papers I & II: Focus on a subject chosen by the candidate from a list of optional subjects.

Qualifying Papers: Include one paper each in English and a regional language to test basic language proficiency.

Interview (Personality Test): Assesses the candidate’s suitability for a career in civil services through a face-to-face interaction with a panel.

2. Detailed Breakdown of the Syllabus

General Studies Paper I:

History:

Ancient History: Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Period, Mauryan Empire, Post-Mauryan Empires.

Medieval History: Delhi Sultanate, Mughal Empire, Regional States.

Modern History: British Expansion, Freedom Struggle, Independence Movement, Post-Independence consolidation.

Geography:

Physical Geography: Earth’s structure, landforms, climate, and vegetation.

Human Geography: Population distribution, migration patterns, urbanization.

Indian Geography: Natural resources, environmental challenges, and regional disparities.

Culture:

Indian Art and Culture including architecture, music, dance, and literature.

Historical monuments and their significance.

General Studies Paper II:

Polity:

Indian Constitution: Framework, Fundamental Rights, Duties, and Directive Principles.

Union and State Government Structure: Powers, responsibilities, and functions.

Judiciary and Legal System: Structure, functions, and significant judicial decisions.

Governance:

E-Governance: Digital initiatives and their impact.

Public Policy and Administration: Key policies, administrative reforms, and governance challenges.

International Relations:

Bilateral Relations: India’s relations with major countries.

Multilateral Organizations: UN, WTO, IMF, World Bank, and their roles.

Global Issues: Climate change, terrorism, and international conflicts.

General Studies Paper III:

Economic Development:

Indian Economy: Economic planning, growth, poverty, and employment.

Budget and Economic Survey: Key highlights and their implications.

Environment:

Ecology and Biodiversity: Conservation efforts, environmental policies.

Climate Change: Impacts and mitigation strategies.

Science and Technology:

Recent Developments: Innovations in space technology, information technology, and their implications for governance.

Science in Everyday Life: Application of scientific principles in daily activities.

General Studies Paper IV:

Ethics:

Ethical Theories: Fundamental ethical concepts and their application in public life.

Case Studies: Real-life scenarios to assess ethical decision-making.

Integrity and Aptitude:

Public Service Values: Role of integrity and accountability in civil services.

Emotional Intelligence: Importance in leadership and administration.

Optional Subjects:

Candidates can choose from a wide range of optional subjects, which often align with their academic background or interests. The syllabus for these subjects is more specialized and requires an in-depth understanding of the chosen field.

3. Practical Tips for Syllabus Mastery

Create a Study Plan: Break down the syllabus into manageable sections and allocate specific times for each topic.

Use Standard Textbooks: Refer to recommended books and materials to cover the syllabus comprehensively.

Regular Revision: Regularly review and revise topics to reinforce learning and ensure retention.

Practice Previous Papers: Solve past question papers and take mock tests to familiarize yourself with the exam pattern and improve time management skills.

Stay Updated: Keep abreast of current affairs and integrate them with your preparation to stay relevant.

4. Conclusion

Mastering the UPSC syllabus requires a strategic approach, meticulous planning, and consistent effort. By understanding the detailed content areas and employing effective study techniques, aspirants can enhance their preparation and improve their chances of success. Remember, the key to excelling in the UPSC examination lies in thorough knowledge, analytical skills, and the ability to apply concepts effectively.

[fiinovation]

Fiinovation's Global CSR Strategies: Driving Change Beyond Borders

Fiinovation (Innovative Financial Advisors Pvt. Ltd.) is a pioneer in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) consulting in India, but its influence and impact extend far beyond national borders. The organization's approach to CSR is rooted in its understanding that the challenges faced by communities around the world are interconnected. Therefore, solutions need to be innovative, sustainable, and inclusive, addressing both local needs and global goals. Fiinovation global csr  strategies exemplify how businesses can drive meaningful change, not just within their immediate surroundings but also across continents.

Holistic Approach to Global CSR

Fiinovation's global CSR strategies are built on a holistic approach that integrates environmental, social, and economic dimensions of sustainability. This multidimensional strategy allows the organization to address a wide range of global challenges, including poverty alleviation, education, healthcare, and environmental conservation.

One of the key aspects of Fiinovation's global CSR approach is its emphasis on creating scalable and replicable models. By designing projects that can be adapted to different cultural and geographical contexts, Fiinovation ensures that its initiatives have a broader impact. For instance, a successful water conservation project in India might serve as a blueprint for similar initiatives in other water-stressed regions of the world. This scalability is crucial for addressing global challenges, as it allows for the efficient use of resources and the dissemination of best practices.

Collaboration and Partnerships

Fiinovation recognizes that addressing global challenges requires collaboration across borders. The organization has established partnerships with international NGOs, multilateral agencies, and corporations to pool resources, knowledge, and expertise. These partnerships are instrumental in expanding the reach and impact of Fiinovation's CSR initiatives.

For example, Fiinovation has collaborated with multinational companies to implement CSR projects in multiple countries, focusing on areas such as renewable energy, education, and healthcare. By leveraging the strengths of its partners, Fiinovation is able to deliver comprehensive solutions that address the root causes of global challenges.

In addition to partnerships with NGOs and corporations, Fiinovation also engages with local communities and governments in the countries where it operates. This engagement ensures that CSR initiatives are culturally sensitive, relevant, and sustainable. By involving local stakeholders in the planning and implementation of projects, Fiinovation fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility, which is essential for the long-term success of any initiative.

Focus on Innovation and Sustainability

Innovation is at the core of Fiinovation's global CSR strategies. The organization is constantly exploring new ways to address global challenges, whether through the use of technology, new business models, or innovative financing mechanisms. For instance, Fiinovation has been involved in projects that use digital platforms to improve access to education and healthcare in remote areas. These platforms not only bridge the gap between urban and rural areas but also have the potential to be scaled up and implemented in other parts of the world.

Sustainability is another key focus of Fiinovation's global CSR efforts. The organization understands that true sustainability goes beyond environmental conservation; it also encompasses social and economic dimensions. Therefore, Fiinovation's CSR projects are designed to be economically viable and socially inclusive. This ensures that the benefits of these projects are felt by all sections of society, including the most vulnerable.

Measuring Impact and Ensuring Accountability

One of the challenges of implementing CSR initiatives on a global scale is measuring impact and ensuring accountability. Fiinovation addresses this challenge by employing rigorous monitoring and evaluation (M&E) frameworks. These frameworks are designed to track the progress of projects, assess their impact, and identify areas for improvement. By using data-driven approaches, Fiinovation ensures that its CSR initiatives deliver tangible and measurable results.

Moreover, Fiinovation places a strong emphasis on transparency and accountability. The organization maintains open communication with its stakeholders, providing regular updates on the progress of its projects. This transparency not only builds trust but also encourages continuous improvement.

Conclusion

Fiinovation's global CSR strategies demonstrate how businesses can play a pivotal role in driving change beyond borders. By adopting a holistic approach, fostering collaboration, focusing on innovation and sustainability, and ensuring accountability, Fiinovation is able to address some of the world's most pressing challenges. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, Fiinovation's global CSR strategies provide a blueprint for how businesses can contribute to a more sustainable and equitable future for all.

To know more visit: https://www.aninews.in/news/business/uflex-fiinovation-to-roll-out-natural-resource-conservation-initiatives-in-bhind/

[mariacallous]

The 7 Democratic Senators who signed that letter to the FTC regarding Twitter

Richard Blumenthal:

Chair, Senate Judiciary Committee's Subcommittee on The Constitution

Member, Senate Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on Competition Policy, Antitrust, and Consumer Rights

Chair, Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee's Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Data Security

Member, Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Subcommittee on Communications, Media, and Broadband

Ben Ray Lujan:

Chair, Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation's Subcommittee on Communications, Media, and Broadband

Member, Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Data Security

Member, Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, Subcommittee on Space and Science

Member, Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, Subcommittee on Oceans, Fisheries, Climate Change and Manufacturing

Ed Markey:

Chair, Senate Foreign Relations Committee's Subcommittee on East Asia, the Pacific, and International Cybersecurity Policy

Member, Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, Subcommittee on Communications, Media, and Broadband

Member, Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Data Security

Member, Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, Subcommittee on Space and Science

Member, Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, Subcommittee on Oceans, Fisheries, Climate Change and Manufacturing

Robert Menendez:

Chair, Senate Foreign Relations Committee

Member, Senate Committee On Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection

Chair, Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on Securities, Insurance, and Investment

Dianne Feinstein:

Senator representing California (where Twitter is located)

Chair, Senate Judiciary Committee's Subcommittee on Human Rights and the Law

Member, Senate Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on The Constitution

Member, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence

Elizabeth Warren:

Chair, Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, & Urban Affairs's Subcommittee on Economic Policy

Member, Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection

Member, Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, Subcommittee on Securities, Insurance, and Investment

Cory Booker:

Member, Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Subcommittee on Multilateral International Development, Multilateral Institutions, & International Economic, Energy, & Environmental Policy

Chair, Senate Judiciary Committee's Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism

Member, Senate Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on Competition Policy, Antitrust, and Consumer Rights

Member, Senate Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on Federal Courts, Oversight, Agency Action, and Federal Rights