#India- China Conflict

[mapsontheweb]

Chinese troop increase at posts in Yangtse has kept tempers high in Tawang sector. On Dec 9, 'larger than normal' patrol party approached & was challenged. Stones flew, fists flew. Some fractures, blackeyes, bruises. 9 Indian & 22 Chinese troops injured.

by @ShivAroor

[magnoliamyrrh]

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[someoneintheshadow456]

I don't know about South Korea, but the Japanese LGBT community has talked about how you can tell the difference between a protest sanctioned by the United States, and a homegrown LGBT movement. One of the tell-tale signs is the use of American jargon and the fact that their signs are in English at all.

It's very likely this is also the case here. South Korea has no history with the Jewish community or with the Arab world. It's very unlikely a homegrown South Korean LGBT movement would align itself with Palestine.

palestine signs at seoul pride

[prakhar0017]

भारत और चीन के युद्ध की शुरुआत कहां से हुई?

आज हम बात करेंगे, दो ऐसे पड़ोसियों की जो एशिया के साथ-साथ पूरी दुनिया में एक बहुत ऊंचा मुकाम रखते है। टाइटल से यह स्पष्ट समझा जा सकता है कि बात यहां पर भारत और चीन के विषय में ही होने वाली है, तो आइए बेझिझक और बिना लाग लपेट मुद्दे पर आते है। भारत-चीन का युद्ध खासतौर से 1962 में कई कारणों से हुआ था। शुरू से ही पाकिस्तान का हमदर्द रहा चीन भारत को खुद से आगे बढ़ता हुआ नहीं देख सका। हालांकि, 1962 का…

[jasminewilson143]

India and China Agree on Disengagement and Patrolling Arrangements Along LAC: A Step Towards Border Stability

India and China Agree on Disengagement and Patrolling Arrangements Along LAC: A Step Towards Border Stability In a significant development in India-China relations, the two nations have reached an agreement to disengage their troops and establish new patrolling arrangements along the Line of Actual Control (LAC). This decision, announced by India’s Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri, marks a crucial…

[code-of-conflict]

Ethical Dilemmas in AI Warfare: A Case for Regulation

Introduction: The Ethical Quandaries of AI in Warfare

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to evolve, its application in warfare presents unprecedented ethical dilemmas. The use of AI-driven autonomous weapon systems (AWS) and other military AI technologies blurs the line between human control and machine decision-making. This raises concerns about accountability, the distinction between combatants and civilians, and compliance with international humanitarian laws (IHL). In response, several international efforts are underway to regulate AI in warfare, yet nations like India and China exhibit different approaches to AI governance in military contexts.

International Efforts to Regulate AI in Conflict

Global bodies, such as the United Nations, have initiated discussions around the development and regulation of Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems (LAWS). The Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW), which focuses on banning inhumane and indiscriminate weapons, has seen significant debate over LAWS​. However, despite growing concern, no binding agreement has been reached on the use of autonomous weapons. While many nations push for "meaningful human control" over AI systems in warfare, there remains a lack of consensus on how to implement such controls effectively​.

The ethical concerns of deploying AI in warfare revolve around three main principles: the ability of machines to distinguish between combatants and civilians (Principle of Distinction), proportionality in attacks, and accountability for violations of IHL. Without clear regulations, these ethical dilemmas remain unresolved, posing risks to both human rights and global security.

India and China’s Positions on International AI Governance

India’s Approach: Ethical and Inclusive AI

India has advocated for responsible AI development, stressing the need for ethical frameworks that prioritize human rights and international norms. As a founding member of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI), India has aligned itself with nations that promote responsible AI grounded in transparency, diversity, and inclusivity​. India's stance in international forums has been cautious, emphasizing the need for human control in military AI applications and adherence to international laws like the Geneva Conventions. India’s approach aims to balance AI development with a focus on protecting individual privacy and upholding ethical standards.

However, India’s military applications of AI are still in the early stages of development, and while India participates in the dialogue on LAWS, it has not committed to a clear regulatory framework for AI in warfare. India's involvement in global governance forums like the GPAI reflects its intent to play an active role in shaping international standards, yet its domestic capabilities and AI readiness in the defense sector need further strengthening​.

China’s Approach: AI for Strategic Dominance

In contrast, China’s AI strategy is driven by its pursuit of global dominance in technology and military power. China's "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan" (2017) explicitly calls for integrating AI across all sectors, including the military​. This includes the development of autonomous systems that enhance China's military capabilities in surveillance, cyber warfare, and autonomous weapons. China's approach to AI governance emphasizes national security and technological leadership, with significant state investment in AI research, especially in defense.

While China participates in international AI discussions, it has been more reluctant to commit to restrictive regulations on LAWS. China's participation in forums like the ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee for AI standards reveals its intent to influence international AI governance in ways that align with its strategic interests​. China's reluctance to adopt stringent ethical constraints on military AI reflects its broader ambitions of using AI to achieve technological superiority, even if it means bypassing some of the ethical concerns raised by other nations.

The Need for Global AI Regulations in Warfare

The divergence between India and China’s positions underscores the complexities of establishing a universal framework for AI governance in military contexts. While India pushes for ethical AI, China's approach highlights the tension between technological advancement and ethical oversight. The risk of unregulated AI in warfare lies in the potential for escalation, as autonomous systems can make decisions faster than humans, increasing the risk of unintended conflicts.

International efforts, such as the CCW discussions, must reconcile these differing national interests while prioritizing global security. A comprehensive regulatory framework that ensures meaningful human control over AI systems, transparency in decision-making, and accountability for violations of international laws is essential to mitigate the ethical risks posed by military AI​.

Conclusion

The ethical dilemmas surrounding AI in warfare are vast, ranging from concerns about human accountability to the potential for indiscriminate violence. India’s cautious and ethical approach contrasts sharply with China’s strategic, technology-driven ambitions. The global community must work towards creating binding regulations that reflect both the ethical considerations and the realities of AI-driven military advancements. Only through comprehensive international cooperation can the risks of AI warfare be effectively managed and minimized.

[mimok]

Venice Exhibition and 'Facing Future' Book: Embracing Creativity in a Changing World

It has been a while since I posted. Here with this post, I hope to update you, my friends, with some of what has been happening in my creative life. As always I am trying to understand the changes happening in me and in the world around me, like most people are. The world is definitely evolving, shape shifting and transforming into a future that is yet to reveal itself. In the meantime, all I can…

[pebblegalaxy]

India's Military Renaissance: Rapid Modernization Amidst Regional Tensions A Sign of War Preparation?

India's Military Renaissance: Rapid Modernization Amidst Regional Tensions A Sign of War Preparation? #India #China #Pakistan #Military #Modernization #War #Security #IndiaDefense #GeopoliticalShifts #IndigenousWeapons #SecurityUpdate #GlobalDeterrence

India’s Rapid Military Modernization: A Sign of War Preparation? India is undergoing a massive military modernization program, with a focus on developing indigenous arms and weapon systems. The country has conducted at least half a dozen missile tests in the last week, showcasing its capabilities in various domains such as air, land, sea, and space. Some of the notable weapons that India has…

[jobaaj]

UPDATE: Is China preparing for another war with India? The US thinks it is!! According to a recent report by the US Pentagon, China has continued to build new roads, helipads, bridges, airports, and even new villages along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with India! Moreover, China has also reportedly deployed more troops in the region and the same is expected to continue throughout 2023!!

Read full: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/casakshamagarwal_china-india-lac-activity-7122865677853425664-2bZr?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop

Follow Jobaaj Stories (the Media arm of Jobaaj.com Group) for more.

[cristianlisandru]

ANALIZĂ | Jurnalistul Aleksandr Smirnov: ”Scoasă în stradă de Occident, Rusia își vinde mărfurile oricui, dar cumpărătorii stabilesc prețurile”

Jurnalistul și traducătorul Aleksandr Smirnov analizează noul context economic în care se regăsește Rusia lui Vladimir Putin după declanșarea războiului din Ucraina, focusându-se asupra subiectului ”Federația Rusă și vecinii asiatici”. Supusă sancțiunilor Occidentului, Rusia caută ”portițe” pentru a-și vinde mărfurile pe alte piețe și pentru a obține sumele de bani exorbitante care sunt necesare…

[defencecapital]

US, India ‘can’t take eyes off ball’ on Chinese aggression at LAC, says American defence attaché

By N. C. Bipindra New Delhi: India and the United States can’t afford to take their “eyes off the ball” when it comes to Chinese aggression along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), a senior US defence official posted at its embassy here said today, as he made it clear that Washington remains watchful of Beijing‘s moves. Rear Admiral Michael L. Baker, the United States defence attaché in India,…

[magnoliamyrrh]

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[thecapitalistsociety]

From Petroleum to Inflation, the Russia-Ukraine conflict has had a global impact.

[newscast1]

War and crime: The conflicts with which we are entering 2023

War and crime: The conflicts with which we are entering 2023

By Adarsh T R: The year 2022 witnessed a continuation of several conflicts that have been raging on for the past few years now. After threats and mobilisation of troops near the border, Russia invaded Ukraine in February with Vladimir Putin calling it a special military operation. If you think Russia’s war in Ukraine was the deadliest, think again. A brutal war in East Africa, that has been going…

[kneedeepincynade]

India provocations will not go unanswered,China is ready for a clash of titans.

The post is machine translated

The translation is at the bottom

The collective is on telegram

⚠️ L'ESERCITO POPOLARE DI LIBERAZIONE HA DISPIEGATO CACCIA MULTIRUOLO E DRONI DA RICOGNIZIONE PRESSO BASI AEREE VICINO AL CONFINE CON L'INDIA ⚠️

🇨🇳|🇮🇳 Dopo lo "Scontro del 9 Dicembre" a Dáwàng Zhèn tra le Forze Armate dell'India e l'Esercito Popolare di Liberazione, è stato notato - tramite immagini satellitari - il dispiegamento di UAV ed Aerei dell'EPL negli Aeroporti e nelle Basi Aeree della Regina Autonoma del Tibet

✈️ Dall'11 dicembre, presso la Base Aerea di Shigatse, si possono notare:

➖ 10 Caccia Multiruolo J-16 - [FOTO 1]

➖ Almeno 1 Aereo da Sorveglianza e Controllo Aviotrasportato KJ-500 - [FOTO 1]

✈️ Alla Base Aerea di Bangda - che dista 150km dall'Arunachal Pradesh - si possono notare:

➖ 1 UAV da Ricognizione WZ-7 - [FOTO 2]

➖ 1 UAV da Ricognizione e da Combattimento CH-4B - [FOTO 3]

➖ 2 Caccia Multiruolo J-16 [FOTO 4]

🐲 La messa in servizio del WZ-7 e del CH-4B - nonché il loro uso operativo - indicano che è stato creato con successo un ambiente perfettamente funzionante per supportare missioni speciali nella Regione dell'Aksai Chin 🔥

💭 Tali immagini dalla Base Aerea di Bangda sono apparse il giorno prima delle esercitazioni dell'Aeronautica Indiana al confine con la Cina, ciò significa che il Partito Comunista Cinese - tramite le sue Agenzie di Intelligence - era a conoscenza dei piani dell'India, e si è dunque - intelligentemente - preparato in anticipo per seguire le tattiche dell'Aeronautica Indiana, osservando e studiando i movimenti dell'India per effettuare operazioni di contrasto nell'ambito di un conflitto ⚔️

🇨🇳 Ciò significa che l'infrastruttura militare creata negli ultimi mesi - aeroporti, eliporti, sistemi di difesa area, linee di comunicazione - ha permesso e permetterà all'Esercito Popolare di Liberazione di dispiegare rapidamente forze e mezzi qualora la situazione con l'India si aggravasse.

🌸 Iscriviti 👉 @collettivoshaoshan

⚠️ THE PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY DEPLOYED MULTI-ROLE FIGHTERS AND SCAN DRONES AT AIR BASES NEAR THE INDIA BORDER ⚠️

🇨🇳|🇮🇳 After the "December 9th Clash" in Dáwàng Zhèn between the Armed Forces of India and the People's Liberation Army, it was noted - via satellite images - the deployment of PLA UAVs and Aircraft at the Airports and in the Tibet Autonomous Queen Air Bases

✈️ Since December 11, at Shigatse Air Base, you can see:

➖ 10 J-16 Multirole Fighters - [PHOTO 1]

➖ At ​​least 1 Airborne Surveillance and Control Aircraft KJ-500 - [PHOTO 1]

✈️ At the Bangda Air Base - which is 150km away from Arunachal Pradesh - you can see:

➖ 1 WZ-7 Reconnaissance UAV - [PHOTO 2]

➖ 1 CH-4B Reconnaissance and Combat UAV - [PHOTO 3]

➖ 2 J-16 Multirole Fighter [PHOTO 4]

🐲 The commissioning of the WZ-7 and CH-4B - as well as their operational use - indicate that a fully functional environment has been successfully created to support special missions in the Aksai Chin Region 🔥

💭 Such images from Bangda Air Base appeared the day before the Indian Air Force exercises on the border with China, this means that the Communist Party of China - through its Intelligence Agencies - was aware of India's plans, and he therefore - intelligently - prepared in advance to follow the tactics of the Indian Air Force, observing and studying India's movements to carry out contrast operations in the context of a conflict ⚔️

🇨🇳 This means that the military infrastructure created in recent months - airports, heliports, air defense systems, communication lines - has allowed and will allow the People's Liberation Army to rapidly deploy forces and means should the situation with India got worse.

🌸 Subscribe 👉 @collettivoshaoshan

[code-of-conflict]

AI, Cybersecurity, and National Sovereignty

Introduction: The Role of AI in Cybersecurity

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes integral to national security, cyber threats increasingly exploit AI-driven vulnerabilities. Both India and China face the challenge of securing their cyber infrastructure while mitigating espionage and offensive cyber operations. The risks include large-scale data breaches, intellectual property theft, and attacks on critical infrastructure. With AI enhancing the scope and speed of cyberattacks, national sovereignty is increasingly threatened by cyber vulnerabilities that transcend borders.

AI-Driven Cyber Threats and Espionage

China has heavily integrated AI into its cyber capabilities, using it to enhance espionage, cyber warfare, and information manipulation. AI-enabled cyber operations allow China to gather vast amounts of intelligence data through advanced hacking techniques. These tools are often deployed through state-sponsored groups, exploiting zero-day vulnerabilities and penetrating government and corporate networks worldwide​.

For example, in 2021, China was accused of orchestrating a large-scale cyber-attack targeting Microsoft Exchange servers, affecting over 30,000 organizations globally. This attack was designed to facilitate espionage, capturing sensitive information ranging from corporate intellectual property to government data​. China's cyber operations underscore the increasing use of AI in orchestrating sophisticated, large-scale intrusions that threaten national sovereignty.

India, while lagging behind China in offensive cyber capabilities, faces persistent cyber espionage threats from Chinese state-sponsored actors. The most notable incidents occurred during the 2020 India-China border standoff, where Chinese hackers targeted India's critical infrastructure, including power grids and government networks​. These attacks highlight the vulnerabilities in India's cybersecurity architecture and its need to enhance AI-driven defenses.

Vulnerabilities and National Sovereignty

AI-driven cyber threats pose significant risks to national sovereignty. For India, the challenges are magnified by the relatively underdeveloped nature of its cybersecurity infrastructure. Although the establishment of the Defence Cyber Agency in 2018 marked a step forward, India still lacks the offensive cyber capabilities and AI sophistication of China​. India's defensive posture primarily focuses on securing critical infrastructure and mitigating cyber intrusions, but it remains vulnerable to cyber espionage and attacks on its digital economy.

China's integration of AI into both military and civilian cyber systems, through its Military-Civil Fusion policy, has bolstered its ability to conduct large-scale cyber operations with deniability. This fusion allows China to leverage private sector innovations for military purposes, making it a formidable cyber power in the Indo-Pacific region​.

Case Studies: Cyber Confrontations

In 2019, a significant cyberattack targeted India's Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant, which was traced back to North Korea, but was believed to be part of a broader effort involving Chinese actors. This incident highlighted the potential for AI-enhanced malware to target critical infrastructure, posing severe risks to national security.

Similarly, the 2020 Mumbai blackout, reportedly linked to Chinese hackers, emphasized how AI-driven cyberattacks can disrupt essential services, creating chaos in times of geopolitical tension​. These incidents illustrate how AI-driven cyber capabilities are increasingly weaponized, posing severe risks to India's sovereignty and its ability to protect critical infrastructure.

Implications for Future Conflicts

As AI continues to evolve, the cyber domain will become a primary battleground in future conflicts between India and China. AI-enhanced cyber operations provide both nations with the ability to conduct espionage, sabotage, and information warfare remotely, without direct military engagement. For China, these tools are integral to its broader geopolitical strategy, while India must develop its AI and cybersecurity capabilities to protect its national sovereignty and counteract cyber threats​.

Conclusion

The integration of AI into cybersecurity poses both opportunities and challenges for India and China. While China has aggressively developed AI-driven cyber capabilities, India faces an urgent need to enhance its defenses and develop its offensive cyber tools. As cyberattacks become more sophisticated, driven by AI, both nations will continue to grapple with the implications of these developments on national sovereignty and global security.