#we are not exclusively a product of how we were raised but it does affect you. especially when youre younger and dont have the experience

[devotedlystrangewizard]

started post- sb you know what that means!! [insert repetitive & flawed 5 hour rant about the depiction of parents in ffxiv here]

[runa-falls]

Soo, (reffing to fluffer ff) how do you think the boys would react if they couldn't request you because you're working with somebody else or if they see you working with someone else?

ooooh shitttttt 🫢 alright, let's explore that shall we?

a/n: uhhh….i’m so sorry that this took so long omg 😭 i love you nonnie, i just forgor~ i'm making a second part to this where they find out reader was an amateur porn star before she became a fluffer :3 it's mostly all smut ngl, so anyway...

cw: explicit smut w/ jake only.. sry marc/steven hoes (18+), jealous!marc [angst, fluff], soft!steven [fluff[, out-of-pocket!jake [straight smut], inaccurate depiction of sex work, dirty talk, not proof-read!!

w/c: 1.7k [my baddd]

Fluffing for Others:

Being a fluffer was your job before you met the boys and you continued to do it after. The thing is, after you met the boys, you were so busy working with them that your already limited work schedule had no space for other clients.

But occasionally, one of your earlier clients will request you months in advance for a big project, and you have no reason to decline them (that is, until the boys convince you to stop working).

Marc [slight angst, fluff]:

"Sorry baby, I can't make it Tuesday, I have another client--"

Marc was just telling you about his next production that's set to film in the next few days.

Of course, he springs the gig on you just as it's about to happen.

He always does this, assuming you'd be free, and happy to join him. He never gives you more than a week to prepare, and usually you're fine with it. But this time, you're busy.

"Wait, another client?" You nod, but he's still not getting it, like he can't believe his ears. "Like a different client? Like an 'outside of this body' client?" You sigh.

Of course, he's reacting like this.

"Yes Marc, an old friend called and booked me for the week. I put it on the joint calendar, didn't you see it?" His eyebrows furrow as he takes in your words. "He's doing a movie length exclusive, so he called way in advance."

"But...but what about me?" He pouts -- literally pouts -- as he walks closer to you, backing you against the kitchen counter.

You raise a brow, "What about you?"

"What am I gonna do?" His hands hold you by the waist, pulling you close while he nuzzles his nose against your neck. He does this when he's trying to comfort himself -- buries his face against your body and holds you close.

He's so dramatic.

"Don't be so whiney, Marc. A girl's gotta work too." He hmphs in discontent as he hoists you onto the edge of the counter. You loop your arms around his neck easily and make him look at you. His soft brown eyes shyly meet yours, "I don't complain when you fuck your co-workers."

"That's--"

You send him a warning look, "I swear to god if you say it's different..."

"No, you're right, honey..." He's sheepish when he looks at you, realizing how his jealousy got the best of him once again. "I just...want you all to myself sometimes." You peck him on the cheek, then his jaw, then his neck, suppressing a smile as he leans into you with a sigh. He's so easy.

"I'm yours, baby." His hands squeeze at your waist at those words. He loves hearing you say that. Loves that you're here in his kitchen, always ready to receive his needy affection.

"So... are you free next week?"

You snort.

"Marc, you can't keep moving your productions for me. You could always find another back-up fluffer..."

"Not doing it without you." He mumbles, lips brushing against yours.

You lean into him and your noses nudge against each other. You're not quite kissing him, but when you're looking into his eyes like this, it feels just as intimate.

"Yeah, I'm free."

He grins, "Good. It's a date." He captures your lips in his and you wrap your legs around his hips to pull him closer.

---

Steven [fluff!]:

Telling Steven was pretty easy. He knew about it before you even told him, seeing it on the 'family calendar' that you forced each boy to join.

"You need a ride to production Monday? I could call you an early cab as we don't have a car and all. Don't want you to have to catch the bus."

Steven is lying next to you, having woken up in the body this morning. He's always been more of a morning person compared to the other boys, despite looking perpetually tired.

"Aw, thanks honey, but I'm fine. Their sending a company car since it's such a long filming schedule." You snuggle up closer to him, craving his warmth from the morning coolness that blows through the flat. He lets you settle against him, wrapping an arm around your torso.

"A company car? ...fancy."

"Anything is fancier than our usual walk and transit ride." You giggle against the thin fabric of his shirt, slightly muffling your words with how closely you cling to him.

Steven is dressed in Marc's pajamas: a tight undershirt and briefs, clothes you rarely get to see Steven in when he's fronting. Usually, he prefers looser clothing made of soft and comfy materials.

You can't complain though. Seeing Steven (unintentionally) show off his built body while acting all cozy and sweet makes you heat with want.

"You don't mind I'm working for other clients again?"

He tilts his head as if he's just now considering it.

"No, why would I? It's your job, just like how I have mine."

You pause, surprised by how cool he is with it.

"Oh...yeah."

“I actually thought you'd be doing this more often..." You look up at him, meeting his soft and sleepy gaze, "I mean, I thought everyone would be requesting you." He whispers, unsure if you'd appreciate his comments.

You hum, "I only had one company that hired me as a general assistant and only three regulars." You smile at him, remembering the first time you met him, "But then I met you guys, and you took over my whole life."

"...Then we met you, and now you're our life." Your heartbeat picks up at his words. It feels like something is squeezing at your chest in the most pleasant way possible.

Steven never realizes how poet and sweet he can be. You truly believe he just says whatever is on his mind.

"But you still work, and I still need to work..."

"You’re so beautiful, sweetheart, anyone would be lucky to be in your presence, let alone touched by you.”

You bite your bottom lip, hard.

How can he say such wonderful things? Make you feel so tender and loved that you could fall apart under his gentle gaze?

Intense emotions tighten in the back of your throat and all you can do is hold him closer, clutch him until he can feel what you're unable to voice.

"I love you, Steven. You know that right?" It's barely rasped out, but he hears it.

"Of course, darling." He pecks the top of your head, "You know I love you more, though."

A smile pulls at your lips, "Impossible. I love you so much you can't even comprehend it."

He chuckles before offering his rebuttal, "Well actually..."

---

Jake (NSFW 18+):

Jake took it as well as you thought he would...

His hand squeezes lightly at the sides of your throat, testing the waters as he continues to rapidly thrust into you. You wince as his fingers dig into the fresh bruises that he suckled into your skin earlier.

“Bet they wish they could fuck you like this...feel you quiver around their cock," You groan as he angles his cock to drag against the walls of your cunt, expertly nudging against that explosive spot inside of you. "But they can’t, because your mine, right honey?”

You nod wordlessly, barely able to comprehend what he said.

He buries himself deep inside of you with a huff and holds himself there until you're squirming under him. "Right?" He grits out, frustrated with your lack of response.

Your body shakes as his cock continues to press flush against the back of your cunt, sending sparks of overwhelming pleasure all over. You feel so full, completely stretched, and filled to the brim; you can barely move without crying out.

"Yes, yes, please, Jake, I'm yours--"

He pulls out briefly before swiftly pushing back in and it feels like you had the wind knock out of you. "That's right, baby, take it. Show 'em who you belong to."

You shutter out breathes as he works himself into your body, holding you down so you can't move a muscle without him knowing. Sloppy sounds remind you just how needy you are for him, how much you love it when he treats you like this.

Jake lets you go and work for clients, but he'll be damned if you go without his mark on you. Without a physical reminder that you're his.

It's not that he doesn't trust you, he just doesn't trust them.

You're the perfect woman, someone he couldn't resist when he was just a client to you. So how can he be sure your other clients won't try to woo you like he did?

"Fuck, honey," He growls, grinding his hips against yours, wanting to be as close to you as possible so he can cum deep inside of you. "You're so good to me, letting me do this when you gotta be on set in an hour..."

Your head is tilted back, and eyes are closed tight as you desperately try to hold back your orgasm, waiting for him. You whine as he rubs your clit, legs trembling around him.

"Please, Jake, cum for me...c-cum inside..."

"You gonna keep it all in for me, baby? Keep me stuffed inside of you as you jerk some loser off?" You cry, clenching around him as he coos at you, unable to hold back anymore.

"Mm... that’s right, honey, let go. Go ahead, soak me." He grunts when he feels you flutter around him and pushes in deeper, enjoying how tight you get when he talks dirty to you.

You writhe pathetically under him as you ride out your high, whimpering as he sharply fucks a few last thrusts into you before painting your walls with warmth. He fills you so much it starts to drip out of you as he pulls out.

His fingers push it back in before anymore could escape and ruin the couch under you. He hums thoughtfully as he fingers you, making sure you're all filled up for the day.

"Looks like you're ready for work." His eyes drift over your lust bitten lips, the marks covering your neck, and the mess at the center. He smirks, proud of his work.

"Thanks, baby." You smile sweetly.

You really do have the best boyfriends in the world...

[amostimprobabledream]

You know, I know people like to meme on Homelander like "bro is beefing with a baby haha", but with S4 Ep4 revealing more context to his backstory, it's really not surprising and adds an extra tragic layer. (Note this isn't excusing him, it's just a little analysis.)

We already know early on that Homelander's childhood is a public fabrication and that he was raised as a lab rat, with Vogelbaum being his primary father figure. Despite raising John from birth, though, Vogelbaum has never seen him as a son or even a child - he's a product, an experiment that needs to be managed. Every day, Vogelbaum would go to work, do experiments on Homelander with his team of scientists, Stan Edgar, Barbara, and then go home and play happy families. Billy Butcher manages to get Vogelbaum to give him intel on Homelander specifically by threatening to hurt Vogelbaum's daughter if he doesn't comply. Once again, Vogelbaum puts his biological child over the one he spent most of his time with, and doesn't bother warning him or Madelyn of what's coming.

We also know now that the scientists who tortured him also had families - Frank is forced to go in the oven because Homelander overtly threatens to burn them too if he doesn't. We don't know about Marty or Barbara but it's easy to assume they do too. But none of them thought anything of sticking a little boy in an oven or testing nuclear weapons on him.

Then you have Madelyn. And we don't know exactly how long they've known each other, but it seems like it must be a long time for Madelyn to be in the position she is in Vought and by how well she knows Homelander. She's the closest thing to a mother figure he's ever had, and his unofficial handler/mentor. Whatever Madelyn thinks of him, Homelander is close to her.

And then Madelyn gets pregnant.

Something that always stuck out to me in Season One was when Homelander comments that Madelyn's baby is just a prop to make her feel like a good person. This always seemed like a really astute and oddly specific, personal observation, because mostly Homelander seemed pretty selective with Madelyn's unsavoury qualities until she lies about something too major for him to ignore anymore. But it does seem, to me, that he was right - whether Madelyn felt genuine love for Teddy or not, it does seem like these scientists and other people who work at Vought use their loved ones to convince themselves that they aren't really bad people - look, they have a good relationship with their kids! They're happily married! Yes, they experimented on a child, but that was just a job. It's what he was made for. But that's not who they really are, right? In particular, Madelyn's determination to make Teddy breastfeed from her seemed less because it was what's best for him, health-wise, and more because she saw it as something she was failing at as a mother so early on, and because she wasn't happy about her motherhood plans being derailed by her baby's refusal to comply with them. I feel like down the line, Madelyn would have probably ended up being emotionally abusive or at least extremely manipulative as a mother - loving your child and being a controlling parent aren't mutually exclusive, after all.

Vogelbaum's affection for his daughter doesn't change what an awful person he is. Stan Edgar adopting and grooming Victoria into being, well, Victoria, doesn't mean he isn't a sociopath - he's fond of Victoria because she's a successful project he raised. He still fucked her up and turned her into a serial killer and Victoria has now demonstrated she's willing to violate Zoe's bodily autonomy if she thinks it's necessary (or rather, convinces herself it is.) Frank was a family man 'just doing his job', but that didn't save him from Homelander's wrath. Did their families know about the atrocities they were committing? If they didn't, would they be able to look at them the same way?

So no wonder Homelander hates Madelyn's baby - he finally had a parental figure in his life who didn't have a family taking away what he saw as the love and attention he deserved like Vogelbaum did, and then she goes and has a baby anyway, and once again, someone else is receiving all the affection and care that Homelander has never, ever been given by anyone.

tl;dr: Homelander hating Madelyn's baby makes perfect sense and makes me sad. EDIT: If I've made a some mistakes in this post it's because I haven't watched S1 & 2 in a while so my recollection is a bit fuzzy, excuse me for that lol.

[elfowl-42]

Just accidentally reblogged a "Gender critical" "radfem" post about "Why can't pro-trans people define "what is a woman" without being sexist, why it is so hard to say 'adult human female'." Because I genuinely thought it was a pro-trans take, and had to re-read it, to get what they were actually trying to say. Because yes, to me I am female, I am a woman. I would say that I fit the definition "Adult human female." We disagree so fully on the definitions of words that we would say the exact same things and mean something completely different.

I do not understand what is sexist about saying "A woman is someone who identifies as a woman" It is literally treating all biological sexes the same. It's more inclusive since it includes intersex people. Do they think it's sexist because I'm saying "Anyone can be a woman but only biological males can be men"? Because I don't think that. My definition of a man is "Someone who identifies as a man."

There are women born with penises, and I'm not even talking about people with XY chromosomes who transition, I'm talking about people with XX chromosomes, who have both the phenotype and genotype to look perfectly female, but for whatever reason they have a penis instead of a vagina. They grow up being seen as a girl, facing the same misogyny and social pressures as any other AFAB person in our society. Why would anyone tell them that they aren't a woman that their experience is invalid, that they don't belong to this group, because of a few cubic inches of flesh?

This same person was claiming that the term "Lesbian" is being destroyed by people claiming that lesbians can like people with penises. As far as I know, lesbian is defined as "A woman who is sexually attracted to other women." If the woman from the example above is sexually attracted to women, why would you try to exclude her from the spaces designed to protect and nurture people like her? Do you think she should be forced into male exclusive spaces? Do you really want to throw intersex people under the bus, just to be able to exclude trans women because they haven't been seen as women their whole lives?

I know that I have benefitted from male privilege for most of my life, and still do whenever I decide to go out en masc, since I pass as cis. I mostly likely still benefit from it somewhat when I go out en fem, since I don't pass as female yet. I'm trying my best to stop benefitting from that privilege whenever it is safe to do so. (I'll readily admit to trying to hold onto it when it comes to situations where it's a matter of safety. I hope you won't begrudge me that, I understand if you do, but that does make you an asshole. I wish I could give you that same safety) And it is my responsibility to support the voices of my sisters when I can on issues that don't affect me. To not talk over them, and to raise up their views and voices on abortion, mensuration and mensural products, birth control, the wage gap, and women's rights.

Please don't misconstrue this as me saying "I'm a woman so all lesbians have to be attracted to me." because they don't. Everyone is allowed to not be attracted to other people for any reason. It's not something we can control (or do you say that sexual attraction is a choice now?) If you're not attracted to penises specifically, that's fine, if you're not attracted to me specifically, that's fine. If you're not attracted to trans people specifically, I'd ask you to make sure it's not because of a misconception of us as a threat, or any less of our gender than cis people, but if not, that's perfectly fine. But womanhood is not defined solely by biology. No one is not a lesbian because they're attracted to me, and I'm not not a lesbian because of how I was born. Or do you really want to go back to the misogynistic idea that all a woman is is a vagina, a womb, and a pair of tits?

[thetldrplace]

Value, Price, and Profit- Karl Marx

This is the second portion of the Classics of Marxism Vol 2- Value, Price, and Profit by Karl Marx.

I've taken extensive notes on the books points, and then indented my own comments or questions.

Preface

This work was never published in Marx's lifetime. It was found among his papers after his death.

From Wikipedia, we read: In this polemic, Marx sought to refute the theoretical basis for the economic policy of Ricardian socialist John Weston. Weston said that "(1) that a general rise in the rate of wages would be of no use to the workers; (the idea being that raising wages would cause an increase in prices. The inflation of prices would correspondingly offset the inflation of wages and result in no gain to the workers;) (2) that therefore, etc., the trade unions have a harmful effect". In the process of criticizing Weston, Marx's explicates his theories of surplus value and the falling rate of profit in simple and concise English.

Chap 1- Production and Wages

Marx says Weston rests his argument on two premises. The first is that the amount of national production is fixed; and second, the amount of real wages (the quantity of commodities they can buy) is fixed as well.

Marx states that the first is clearly wrong, since production does fluctuate. But even supposing it correct, that doesn't mean wages must remain fixed. He offers an example. If we choose a number, say 8, the absolute limit of this number doesn't mean the relative limits of its component parts can't change. If out of that 8, profits were 6 and wages 2, profits could decrease to 2 and wages increase to 6 without affecting the total number.  

But even conceding this point, it would naturally mean that this fixed amount can't be changed, i.e; wages can't be diminished. Yet Weston knows that capitalists not only do try and cut wages, the continually do so. Therefore workers are justified in reacting against that.

Chap 2- Production, Wages and Profit

Weston's argument rest on the unproven existence of a law that determines wages, rather than the will of the capitalist. But there is no such law. Wages can be changed by the will of the capitalist.

Dave note: I'm interested to see where Marx goes with this, because it seems to me that his assertion is true, but also somewhat fatal to his own argument against capitalism. He seems to rely on a very simple model of capitalism that runs on fixed laws that inevitably lead to the demise of the system. But in my mind, I don’t see the laws he saw as laws. Business owners can make decisions to sell to a more exclusive market, rather than trying to compete over price. Buyers can make informed decisions about what kind of business they want to buy from. At every level, will enters into the equation, which means the things Marx saw as inevitable laws that would break capitalism, don't really exist. They exist as general principles, but not as fixed laws.  

Marx argues that working class wages are generally spent in necessaries. A general rise in wages might result in a corresponding rise in the demand for, and consequently, the price of necessaries. The capitalists that produce these necessaries would then be compensated by the rise in prices. But for those capitalists not involved in producing necessaries, the price for their goods would not increase. Relatively, their income would decrease. The effect of this would be what always happens- capital would flow from the less profitable areas of production to the more profitable, until the overall profit levels reach equilibrium.  

Chap 3- Wages and Currency

Marx challenges another point of Weston's: if the currency is fixed, how can a capitalist pay higher wages? Marx says that this is based on his previous errors, which if negated, this would consequently prove a non-issue. But even so, this point has nothing to do with the subject before us.

He then uses several examples to show that the currency isn't fixed

Chap 4- Supply and Demand

Marx argues that 'high' or 'low' wages only have value in reference to something. How are their magnitudes to be measured? Weston answered supply and demand regulated wages. Marx counters by asking what regulates that? If supply and demand regulates wages, then wages should rise at times as well as shrink, but if one doesn't accept that, why is a wage set where it is?

Marx's point here is that while supply and demand regulates 'fluctuations' in the market, it doesn’t itself count for the general value of a thing. This holds true of wages as well.

Dave note: I'm not sure this is true. Supply and demand will cause fluctuations, but it seems me that it can also be the root value. If no one has any use for 8-track tapes, then the demand is 0 and therefore the value is 0. It may cost 3 bucks to make one, but since nobody wants one, its value is still 0.

The value of the skill set an NFL caliber football player is very high. It wouldn't have been nearly so high 200 years ago, but now it is because the demand for such a skill set is very high.

So yeah, fluctuations in supply and demand will account for fluctuations in price, but those fluctuations may also include 0 and a million bucks.

Perhaps what Marx is ultimately referring to is the cost of producing the thing; including raw materials, labor, and skill required to produce the labor, etc. That would set some sort of baseline 'value', but no matter the cost of something Armani makes, much of the price is going to be the fact that it is the name Armani. If there is a high demand, and the supply is low enough, then there will be stiff competition for the product and the price will go up.

Chap 5- Wages and Prices

Marx attacks the dogma that prices are determined by wages. He gives examples of where higher wages in one country's markets produce a product that undersells other countries' markets, and vice versa. Clearly then, wages don't determine prices.  

Chap 6- Value and Labor

Up to now, Marx has committed himself to answering Weston's ideas. He now says he will tell us how the values of commodities are actually determined. The value of a commodity is the proportional quantity in which it exchanges with other commodities. You can exchange wheat with silk, gold, or any other commodity. But we must be able to reduce any commodities value to an expression common to all.  

Commodities have exchangeable values only as social functions. The common social substance of all commodities is labor. A man can produce something for his own use. He creates a product, not a commodity. A commodity is something he produces that would satisfy a social want.  

Marx adds:

This labor "must form a part of the total sum of labor expended by society. It must be subordinate to the labor within society. It is nothing without the other divisions of labor and on its part is required to integrate them."

I'll be honest, I'm not quite sure what he's talking about here, but I'll leave it for now.

If we consider commodities as values, they can only differ by the amount of labor. A commodity has value because it is a crystallization of social labor. Be aware however that the reward of labor differs from the quantity of labor. This crystallization of social labor, I believe, means the quantity of labor used in obtaining the raw materials, making the tools or machinery that assists the labor, etc.

The use of the term social labor is understood as the quantity of labor necessary for production, under average conditions. Otherwise, the lazier, or clumsier worker may take more time, and therefore his work would be worth more. But when understood as an average, we eliminate this counterpoint.

The quantity of labor necessary for the production of a commodity varies with all the changes in the productive power of labor. The greater the productive power of labor, the less labor is bestowed upon a commodity.  

Price is a peculiar form assumed by value. It is the monetary expression of value. This market price will fluctuate with supply and demand. The natural price is the average price to which commodities continually gravitate. The history of prices is that they do seek their equilibrium and sell at their respective values. The general nature of profits is that commodities are sold at their real value, and profits are derived from selling them at their values. This might seem a paradox, but it isn't.  

Chap 7- Labor Power

Man doesn't sell his labor. He sells his labor power. Thomas Hobbes, in Leviathan, wrote: "the value or worth of a man is his price, so much as would be given for the use of his power."

Labor power exists only in a person's individuality. A certain quantity of necessaries must be consumed by a man to grow up and maintain his life. But like machines, man too grows up and wears out. He needs a further set of necessaries to bring up a certain quota of children to replace him and perpetuate the race of laborers. Beyond that, another set of resources will be needed to acquire and develop a skill set and education to be used in producing his labor power.

Marx acknowledges here that equality of wages is an inane wish. Different kinds of labor require different kinds of labor power requiring different values. "What you think is just or equitable is out of the question. The question is: What is necessary and unavoidable with a given system of production? The value of laboring power is determined by the value of necessaries required to produce, maintain, and perpetuate the laboring power."

Dave note: This is an interesting take. But it also seems like Marx has gone way out of his way to define everything in life in terms of economics. Then he will turn around and complain that everything in capitalism is based on economics. Perhaps that's because he spent all his time thinking purely in terms of the materialist economic view.

But of course these things he talks about are true in any society. People have always married and had families and sought food and shelter and progress. Marx has simply rearranged them here to consider them purely as parts of an economic system. One can do that, but why? Perhaps this is why the fascists claimed he was off base- his considerations are purely materialistic.

Chap 8- Production and Surplus Value

Marx notes here the rather obvious notion that capitalism is founded on the capitalist not merely replacing the value of the labor power, but making a profit off of it. If a laborer would reproduce what he needs for his own necessities through 4 hours of work, the capitalist, by making him work 8 hours, gets the excess value created.

Chap 9- Value of Labor

Marx uses his days monetary values here. If a laborer produces 3 shillings worth of labor power in 6 hours, enough to maintain him, yet works for 12 hours for a price of 3 shillings, then the capitalist has paid him only 3 shillings for 12 hours. But the value of his labor is 6 shillings. The extra 3 shillings has gone into the pocket of the capitalist.

The first issue is that the value of the laborer is made to look like half of what it is.

The second is that only half of the worker's labor is paid for.  

Marx then notes two examples, slavery and serfdom.

Under slavery, the master pays a slave trader for the use of the slave. There is no deal between the slave and master.  

Under serfdom, a serf might work for 3 days on his own land, and owe the master 3 days on the master's land. Here, Marx says, at least the division is obvious. Yet liberals would chafe at the idea of forcing a man to work for nothing.

Under both serfdom and capitalism, the division is the same, but under capitalism, the division is hidden and "the gratuitous labor appears to be voluntary." This makes all the difference.

Dave note: The idea that the worker is being made to work for nothing doesn't seem fair to me either. The worker needs a job, one which he wouldn’t be able to do had the capitalist not provided the means for it. The capitalist himself shouldn't be expected to take on all the risk, and put in his time as well for nothing. The serf didn't have his own land. He is given some to work, in return for working part of his time on the owner's land too.

Chap 10- Profit is Made by Selling a Commodity at Its Value

Marx makes a point that commodities aren't sold above the true value, they must be sold at their actual value. The profit then comes not from selling above value, but by taking some out of the labor value.

Dave note: As in the last chapter's note, I don't think Marx is considering what the capitalist is supposed to make here. The capitalist after all, has provided everything necessary for production. He can't be expected to do all this for free.  

Chap 11- The Different Parts into Which Surplus Value is Decomposed

Marx calls profit surplus labor, or unpaid labor. It is the portion of the laborer's input that adds value, but for which the laborer himself gets no wage. Marx notes that not all of this profit is pocketed. Some will be paid for rent, etc. The main point is to expose the exploitation of labor inherent in capitalism.  

Chap 12- General Relation of Profits, Wages, and Prices

More of the same argument from Marx. Essentially, the price is driven by the market, so that's more or less set. The price/value is derived from the raw materials, machinery, etc. needed plus wages- the total amount of labor required to produce the commodity. Profit must be pulled from the wages, which Marx calls unpaid labor because the capitalist appropriates profit for himself from this value that the laborer has created.  

Chap 13- Main Cases of Attempts at Raising Wages or Resisting Their Fall

Marx notes a few cases where workers and capitalists have clashed over attempts to change wages. The first is when money is devalued, the second is changes in the length of the work days.

Marx is undoubtedly just in denouncing conditions that occurred in some industries.

Chap 14- The Struggle Between Capital and Labor and Its Results

Marx sees three things in the struggle between labor and capital:

1. A general rise in wages would result in a general fall in profit, but not affect prices.

2. The general tendency of capitalist production is to sink wages.

3. Trade unions resist the encroachments of capitalism, but ultimately the entire wage system needs to be abolished.

[terubakudan]

This may be an old article from 3 years ago, but these cultural aspects/observations still apply even today. And though this is strictly a Chinese perspective, a lot of these everyday life bits are observed in Overseas Chinese communities in countries such as The Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, etc. as well as countries heavily influenced by Chinese culture like Taiwan, Japan, and Korea.

I've always liked learning about other cultures and making comparisons between how things are done East vs West. Which probably stems from growing up with two cultures and Mom raising me on American movies xD

So the irony is if you asked me how many Chinese, Taiwanese, or Hong Kong actors I know, chances are I know as much as you do xD Like Jackie Chan, Andy Lau, and that's about it. But if you asked me about Western (specifically American and British) actors, then I have a useless brain dump of movie trivia and who was with who in what movie xD

Hmmm, both Taiwan and the Philippines are two distinct cultures but both look up to a certain country and are fascinated by that. In Taiwan's case, Japan and the US for the Philippines. In both cases, this is due to being under the rule of those countries in their history. Taiwan being under Japan for 50 years, and the Philippines being under Spain for 300+ years, followed by periods of American and Japanese rule. To put it simply though:

Taiwan is "mini-Japan with a very Chinese culture".

The Philippines is "former colony of Spain with lots of American influences".

But unlike the author, I've never set foot in any Western country, so my understandings are strictly what I've observed in media, which while it can be accurate, doesn't compare to actually experiencing the culture.

Some further elaboration on most points:

#1 We quite literally use chopsticks for everything. We use it to pick rice, viands, vegetables, fruit, smaller desserts, almost all the food you can think of.

But where do you put your chopsticks when you're not using them? Just put them on top of your bowl or flat on your plate. But do not ever stick them vertically. It's taboo, since it looks like incense sticks, which we use to pray for those who have passed, like our ancestors or during funerary services.

#3 The majority of Asia is obsessed with fair/white skin. In my time at the Philippines, I grew up watching all these Dove Whitening commercials and my classmates often commented on how fair my skin was, how they envied it etc. In Taiwan, girls often say they don't want to 變黑 (biàn hēi) 'become dark'. Japan and Korea too are not innocent of this either (if their beauty/skin products weren't a dead giveaway).

People here at Taiwan often mistake me for being from Hong Kong or Japan (as long as I don't speak Mandarin with my heavy accent xD). A Taiwanese classmate of mine joked that she often gets mistaken for being from Southeast Asia due to having a darker complexion. And while I laughed it off with her at that time, looking back, I now realize she was lowkey being racist. xD

And believe me Filipinas have mentioned literally being told 'your skin is so dark' here in Taiwan, or being given backhanded compliments like 'you're pretty despite having dark skin' and...*facepalms*

My point is, beauty is not exclusive to skin color. People who still think that are assholes.

#5 Not to say we don't have salt and pepper, but yes soy sauce and vinegar are the classic condiments you see on the table, be it at home or at a restaurant.

And if I may add, Taiwanese love their pepper. xD If you ever get to eat at a night market or a smaller "Mom n' Pop-style" restaurant here, some dishes/soups tend to add quite an excessive amount of pepper. Not like anthills, but quite liberally and way more than average. Enough that you see traces of pepper at the bottom of the food paper bag or swirling in your soup. xD

#6 I know this all too well from personal experience. In my years of studying at Taiwan, I always had roommates. 3 in my first school (I graduated high school in the Philippines pre K-12 so I had to make up 2 years of Senior High), followed by 2 in college, with the exception of 1 in freshman year.

My college did offer single person dorms but at around 9000 NTD ($324) per month compared to around 6000 NTD ($216) per semester. Because I wanted to save, the choice was obvious for me xD. But ah, this doesn't mean I don't value personal space, in fact I love having the room to myself, and since both my roomies would go home to their families every weekend, weekends were bliss for me xD

And you don't have to be friends with your roommates (that's an added bonus however), you just have to get along with them. I was quite lucky to have really great roommates all throughout my schooling years.

#9 In the Philippines, we do. Owing mostly to American influences and maybe being predominantly Catholic? xD

#10 *sigh* Chinese parents and parents from similar Asian cultures tend to put too much emphasis on grades, so much that kids could get sent to cram school as early as elementary. This is because what school you get into could literally affect your future job opportunities, and while that's not exclusive to any particular country/culture, I feel it's especially pronounced here in Asia. I'm really lucky my own parents weren't that strict about it. However, if your parents don't point the mistakes out to you, chances are you'll do it yourself, if you're an Asian kid like me anyway. xD It just becomes a habit.

#11 My family is an exception to this. xD We do say 'I love you' directly, but complete with the 'ah eat well ok?', 'don't scrimp on food', 'sleep well' and similar indirect words/actions of affection. We were doing 'Conceal, Don't Feel' before it became popular. xD

#13 I'm kind of confused about this but this has sort have changed over the years in which eye-contact is now more encouraged. But don't stare, especially at elders and authority figures. Sometimes it's just shyness though. xD And I've observed this with my own Taiwanese friend, especially when I'm complaining or ranting to her about something. xD I'm a person who likes to express my opinions strongly, which tends to scare/alienate some of the locals here, as doing so is kind of frowned upon. Thankfully, she does listen and offers her take on things.

#14 Ah this. xD In the Philippines, this is a common greeting known as beso-beso, and I freaked out too when an auntie did that to me. xD Needless to say, Mom lectured me later on what that was. ^^"

#16 Along with #3 another crazy beauty standard. In my view, people always look better with a little meat on them and when they're not horribly thin. Asia still has a loonng way to go with accepting different types of bodies if you ask me. This combined with modern beauty standards has made the pressure for women especially to 'look beautiful' higher than ever.

I know many people love them but please, starving yourself or glorifying eating disorders is never OK just to get this kind of 'ideal' body. I'm not part of the Kpop fandom, but even I think when idols get bullied just for gaining the least bit of weight among other insensitive comments, that's really going too far.

#17 'If you want to make friends, go eat.' <- I couldn't agree more. In the Philippines we have a greeting: 'Kumain ka na ba?' (Have you eaten?) . Similarly in Taiwan, we have 吃飯了沒? (chī fàn le méi), both of these can mean that in the literal sense but are often used as greetings instead. By then which invitation to having lunch/dinner together may or may not follow. Food really is a way for us to socialize and to catch up with what's going on in each other's lives. Not to say we don't have regular outings like going out to the mall, going shopping, etc. but eating together is a huge part of our culture, be it with family or friends.

And while I'm at it, some memes that are way too accurate good to pass up xD

Parents, uncles, aunties alike will fight over the bill xD

Alternatively:

You just space out until your name is called xD

My parents are guilty of the last one. Logic how? xD

#18 True. xD I like giving compliments out to people but I have a hard time accepting them myself, though I've learnt how to accept them much more now than before. We're kind of raised to constantly downplay ourselves so we often say things like 'ah no no' or 'I'm really not that good'. The downside of this of course is that it can come off as somewhat fake. xD

Again from personal experience, that same classmate who made the lowkey racist remark, she was good, she was on the debate team, was a honor student, knew how to mingle with people, but she downplayed herself way too much, while praising me but I honestly thought that she never really meant it from how she treated me. She wanted to keep me around her yet make backhanded compliments at me and she didn't want me socializing with my other classmate who is now my friend. *sigh* It was only after discussing this with one of my roomies did I realize how this 'excessive downplaying' might come off to people like me who more or less grew up with a more 'Westernized' mindset. I'm not saying brag about your achievements but don't be overly humble about them either, which can also be a turn off.

#20 We do tend to be a lot more realistic on how we view things, neither entirely optimistic nor pessimistic. We try to think of things practically and often analyze things on pure logic. A downside of this however, is that Chinese people can be overly practical. Taiwanese for instance don't like to 'find inconveniences' and generally keep to themselves, meaning, they won't help you in your hour of need even when they do have the capabilities. Sounds really harsh I know, but in my 6 years of living in Taiwan, while this doesn't apply to all the people, a lot of them really do only find/talk to you when they need something.

So for some people saying Taiwanese are 'friendly', that's BS xD If you ask me, Filipinos are infinitely more friendly, and again while not all, generally make more of an effort to help you when you need it. I really felt more of a real sense of community during my years growing up in the Philippines compared to Taiwan.

#21 Children do tend to stay with their parents well into college and adulthood, since Chinese families are indeed very family-oriented, in a lot of cases, grandparents often live under the same roof as us as well! And it really does save a lot of money. I see there's a real stigma in the US when it comes to "living with your parents", but that's starting to change especially because of Covid and having more and more people move back in with their parents.

Housing unfortunately is pretty much hella expensive no matter where you go, and Taiwan is no exception. Steep housing prices and the very high cost of raising a child (schooling + buxiban fees, etc.) contribute to a very low birth rate and thus an aging population like Japan. It's not uncommon to see both parents working in Taiwan.

#23 I'm an overthinker myself, but I totally agree with the author that the best is to strike a good balance between these two. Which I guess is why I love drawing or any other related creative attempts, it helps me be more spontaneous or well, creative! I like to remain intellectually or artistically inspired.

#24 Is French high school really like that? xD My friend did watch SKAM France and more or less got a culture shock from what was depicted on the show. I can confirm however that most high schools both in the Philippines and Taiwan require students to wear a uniform, only in college is everybody free to wear casual/civilian clothes.

#26 Ah this is part of our Asian gift-giving etiquette xD We always open gifts later after the event/meeting and in private. Never open them in front of the person who gave it to you or in front of others. This is to prevent any 'shame/embarrassment' that may result both to yourself and to the gift giver. I know this may come off as something weird since some people may want a more honest response or immediate feedback when it comes to gift-giving, but that's just how it is in our culture. You're always free to ask us though (in private) if we liked the gift or not ^^"

#28 I want to say the same goes to drinking, partying, and drugs however xD Those are things which are still frowned upon in our culture. And to be honest, whenever I see those in movies, it does kind of turn me off xD It doesn't mean that we're "uncool" or "boring", we just think that there are much better or healthier ways of "having fun".

#31 Is this true in France?! Man I would kind of prefer that instead of people being on their phones all the time xD This kind of goes with #20 in that Chinese are overly practical or logical, and don't read fiction as much as nonfiction. My Taiwanese friend is an exception though, she's a bibliophile who loves the feel of paper books compared to e-books, and it's a trait of her that I like a lot. Both the Philippines and Taiwan however have a huge fanbase when it comes to manga and anime though.

I'm all for reading outside of "designated reading" at schools especially. Reading fiction improves your vocabulary too, and can be quite fun! It helps you imagine and really invest in a world/story, and if you ask me something that I feel Westerners are better at, they're more in touch with their emotions and creativity, and are thus much more able to write compelling or original stories. Believe me, I've seen a fair amount of Chinese movies that rip off Western movie plotlines xD

#33 Nothing much to add on here..except that since I'm a "weird" person, Mom often jokes that she got the wrong baby from the hospital. xD

#35 True. While I agree with the care and concern that your fellow community can give you, the downside of this is we tend to only hang out with our own people, e.g Chinese with Chinese, Taiwanese with Taiwanese, etc. I've seen too that it's especially hard to make friends in Japan and Korea as a foreigner. Not only is there the language barrier, but the differences in culture too. In a way, Asians can be pretty close-minded on getting to know other cultures or actually making friends with people from other countries. I know this all too well being half-Taiwanese/half-Filipino, being neither "Filipino" enough nor "Taiwanese" enough. xD It's more of people here being too used to what they're comfortable with.

#36 Oh this is something I feel that Chinese students and other students from similar cultures should really improve on. xD How will people respect you if you don't speak your mind?

I felt bad especially for my Spanish teacher in college, granted it was an introductory course (Spanish I and II) but the amount of times that our teacher had to prompt a student to recite/speak even with clear hints already made her (and me too) extremely frustrated. The thing is, these are college students, I personally feel they don't have any reason to be so shy of speaking and technically by not doing so they're slowing the pace of the class too much and a lot of time is wasted.

Unfortunately you can't always be very vocal with your thoughts and opinions in most Asian cultures. I would say strive for that, but at the same time, play your cards well, especially if you're in a workplace setting.

If you made it to the end, thank you for reading and here's a cookie! 🍪 I'm not perfect and there's bound to be something I missed so please let me know if you spotted anything wrong. Feedback/questions are very much welcome and please feel free to share about your country/culture's differences or similarities!

[freddiekluger]

please drop the essay length analysis Judas and Jesus (extra gay Swedish edition), O great and knowledgeable monarch of our times

alright, you ask i deliver! please excuse any typos, my eyes aren't exactly working rn

welcome to my probably super subjective but correct analysis, aka

Judas Was Right and Jesus Was A Victim (At Least, In Swedish)

Before we get started, a couple points: i’ll try to avoid comparisons to other specific productions, i’ve only seen the other recorded 2012 british version which i didn’t like for reasons including but not limited to the amount of white people with dreadlocks. Also, my understanding of swedish is limited to a couple words and phrases, so most of the lyrics i reference will be english subtitles from Ola Salo’s swedish translation and therefore might not be the most accurate !

There’s so much i could cover in this, but for now i’m going to focus on how jesus and judas are portrayed in the 2014 swedish arena tour of Jesus Christ Superstar (JCS) starring Ola Salo as Jesus and Peter Johansson as Judas, along with how this production more implicitly views god. 

From the opening number, translated into swedish as En Dimmig Himmelsdröm (A Foggy Heaven’s Dream), Peter Johansson’s acting and semantic differences in the lyrics present us with a deeply sympathetic portrayal of Judas. Looking purely at language, the english equivalent Heaven On Their Minds instantly paints Judas as much more of a faithless doubter- lyrics exclusive to the english version like “all your followers have gone blind / too much heaven on their minds” and “they think you’re the new messiah / and they’ll hurt you when they find they’re wrong” strongly enforce Judas’ main motivation for his actions being that he has less belief in Jesus and God’s plan than any of the other disciples with strong statements judging the other disciples for following him and claiming that Jesus ISN’T the messiah. The swedish translation doesn’t paint exactly the same picture- the focus of Judas’ number becomes his fear for Jesus’ wellbeing, not because he isn’t the messiah (the production remains fairly ambiguous on this point), but because Jesus can’t cope. The root of Judas’ concern comes from fear for Jesus’ wellbeing, and the disciples are referenced as regularly misunderstanding and wilfully twisting Jesus’ words. The swedish equivalent lyrics for the above examples are “they say, “jesus is god’s son” / but you know how people can change” (judas isn’t concerned with truth, just the danger that jesus will be in if the tide turns), and “the kingdom of heaven is within us, that’s what you said / bu they sew it, stitch by stich into some kind of foggy heaven’s dream”. Judas is showing that he HAS been listening and cares for Jesus’ teachings, but ‘they’ [his disciples] are turning them into something else entirely, and Judas’ worries that the support of the masses is fragile at best- the lines “and everything you say gets twisted by your lackeys / it will be anything but what you’ve said”  and “you are being used by people who want you in their battle” reinforces this again. When combined with Peter Johansson’s tough but tender performance, in which he dances between disdain for Jesus, the institution, and affection for Jesus, the man (an important distinction), Judas is the harsh realist doing his best to look out for the man he loves. The way he takes Jesus hands and looks at him with love and urgency straight away establishes that his motivations are pure- Judas is doing what he thinks is best, even though it feels like no one will listen to him. 

That was long, but En Dimmig Himmelsdröm is the perfect character introduction for Judas. He’s not totally unrecognisable, still delivering digs about ‘Jesus, the little carpenter’s son’, his manner is still rough and at this point we’re not sure whether or not the claims he makes about the disciples have any truth to them, BUT we can also see how much Jesus means to him, an important point that give context to the intensity of their future arguments and really makes the whole story much more heartbreaking.

This brings me to Ola Salo’s Jesus. Delightfully camp and queercoded, Judas describes him as being caught up in his own magic and mystery and buckling under the pressure, and he’s not entirely wrong. Throughout the first act, Jesus basks in the luxuries that being messiah can give him (the oils Mary paid for using disciple funds that were supposed to go towards helping the poor, him absolutely thriving in the shopping cart in What’s the Buzz?), and is shown actively avoiding any reminders of the seriousness of his position. He’s sick of the disciples asking him for a plan, he chooses the comforting Mary, who’s theme consists of telling Jesus everything is okay and he doesn’t need to think about anything, over Judas, who is less perhaps ‘cosy’ but is actively trying to warn and protect Jesus from an awful fate. During The Temple, he starts to crack as he’s overcome by the followers begging him to make him well, fear in his eyes as he raises his arms while frozen on the spot trying to avoid being devoured by the frenzy in desperate need of a messiah. Judas’ point about Jesus buckling under the pressure is starting to look more and more reasonable, and the dashes of showbiz campness add to the sense that much of Jesus is a persona constructed for the masses to give himself enough distance to prevent him from being crushed by the weight of God entirely. Jesus, the institution, prances around, lays his hands on his followers, and projects an air of easygoing calm. Jesus, the man, is scared and alone, and Jesus, the man, really comes out in Last Supper, but before we get there, I want to circle back to the Jesus/Mary/Judas thing.

Jesus, Mary, and Judas are presented as a love triangle: so much so, that Judas seeing Mary sing of her love for Jesus (I Don’t Know How To Love Him) is actually played as the inciting incident that sends him to the pharisees. Judas, the picture of the jealous lover, storms onto the scene, breaking them up and attempting to kiss Jesus, who instead shoves him to the ground in disdain. Judas, who is perhaps a little controlling, realises that any influence he had over Jesus has gone, and it’s likely a combination of jealousy and the knowledge that Jesus won’t stop that prompts him to head to the pharisees. In his meeting with the pharisees (known in english as Damned For All Time, although that phrase doesn’t appear once in the swedish), Judas’ expresses outright that “I’m the one who sees / Jesus, he can’t handle it anymore” “the truth is that this hysteria is making him lose control”, once he can get past explaining how much this plan of action feels like a last resort. He never even verbally or physically accept the pharisees’ offer of money, he denies it twice before it is eventually thrown over him after he reluctantly gives them the date and time to find Jesus- we never even see him pick it up, unlike other productions which show Judas grabbing for the cash and place a higher emphasis on Judas making sure he ‘won’t be damned for all time’, painting Judas as far more self serving. When it comes to Jesus, Judas is active- he’s running around trying to help, caressing him, embracing him, grabbing his hand, kissing him. They share countless moment of intimacy, especially at the start, establishing the fondness between them instead of instantly jumping to their conflict. When it comes to Mary (and admittedly, this is partially because she’s a secondary character- don’t get me wrong I still love her and Gunilla Backman does a brilliant job), she’s much more passive. Other than the much more gentle kisses in I Don’t Know How To Love Him and her penchant for dabbing Jesus’ forehead, she’s mostly just ‘there’. She cares for Jesus after the fact, and even when performing acts of intimacy like the oil and the kiss, she maintains a lot of physical distance- her songs touch on this as, much like Jesus (admittedly for different reasons), she actively distances herself from feelings to protect herself, so naturally she literally places distance between herself and the object of her love.

This brings me back to Last Supper, Gethsemane ( I Only Want to Say), and the kiss of death that broke all of our hearts. Throughout this segment, this is when Jesus, the man, really comes through, and it’s devastating. In Last Supper, he properly expresses the sheer amount of loneliness he feels, reiterating how he feels everyone will forget about him once he’s gone, and doesn’t really care about him as a man (”for you, my blood is not worth more than wine / for you, my body is not worth more than bread” “you will have forgotten me as soon as i give up my life”). This devolves into the disciples fighting each other and, you guessed it, ignoring him. For the first time, Jesus meaningfully lets out his anger, and as it turns to Judas, Judas does the same. Because of the set up of their complicated romantic relationship and the stakes involved, the amount of personal attacks and anger that comes out of Jesus and Judas’ repeated fights (which get physical) make complete sense- Jesus’ frustrations come from the fact that his entire fate has been predetermined and to him, Judas is just another instrument in the ways he’s been controlled (both with Judas being his betrayer, but also the way that Judas’ constant advice and interference with Jesus’ life (most obviously, the mary thing) are acted by Ola Salo as becoming increasingly frustrating to Jesus)- these frustrations are directed at their real cause, God, in Gethsemane. Judas’ frustrations come from the fact that no matter how hard he tries to help Jesus and keep him safe, Jesus keeps rejecting his efforts resulting in “all that we’ve built up [being] destroyed”- Judas’ heart hasn’t just been broken by Jesus rejecting him romantically, but on every level. Here, he’s actually shown to be the disciple most passionate about helping people practically and long term, being the only one concerned about Mary taking money which was supposed to help people, manipulated by the pharisees with the promise of doing good for the masses, and criticising Jesus for how they could be doing so much for people, ending his part of Last Supper with “every time i look at you i ask myself why you let all your things go so wrong? / all i ever wanted was to help you”. 

This is also the point where Judas’ claims about the disciples are essentially confirmed, and this productions intent to portray Judas as more of a tragic hero become absolutely clear. In the english version, the disciples chorus remains virtually the same each time it appears, generally being far too calm considering their leader is about to die, revealing their aspirations to be apostles, and their intent to write the gospels to be remembered. the swedish translation still achieve this, but with variations from chorus to chorus it becomes much more poignant. i’m just going to stick to ttwo, which are choruses 1 and 3. In chorus 1, lines roughly translate to “i’ve always wanted to be an apostle / life is so nice when you’re saved/ then when we’ve got time we’ll write the gospels / then everything will be the way we want”-  the apostles declaring that life is so good when you’re saved supports Judas’ opening statement that they care more about some idea of heaven than anything else, not to mention ignoring the absolute horrors that Jesus will have to go through to be saved, while the final line about the gospels introduces their intent to change whichever details they need to make ‘everything the way we want’: once again, exactly what Judas warned us of in En Dimmig Himmelsdröm. In chorus 3, taking place after Judas storms out for the last time, these lines change to “never really liked that judas / never saw what jesus saw in him / then, when we’ve got time we’ll write the gospels / and we’ll angle it so he gets all the blame”. Judas as a sympathetic character is confirmed here, as the disciples straight up admit how they don’t like Judas anyways and intend to write him as a villain (also inadvertently admitting that, since they have to write the gospels to make it look like only Judas’ fault, Judas isn’t really the sole one responsible for everything that is to come). It’s deeply unsettling, and for me was the point where I really began to question how good any of these disciples were, and by extension, how good is this production’s God if his truly sanctified followers are acting like this?

Jesus vents out all of his anger and desperation in Gethsemane. He acknowledges his own powerlessness and begs him to change the plan, but with the dark stage and no response (along with Ola Salo’s spectacular acting) it becomes clear that if anyone is there, they’re certainly not listening (”you, who have all the power / can you please change the plan / for i can already feel the pain burning in me”). It’s worth mentioning that a lot of the imagery in this swedish version is much more intense than the english, both in this song and the production as a whole. Jesus plainly calls god “thoughtless”, begging to understand, and it’s that this point we realise that he agrees with much more of what Judas has been saying than he’s been letting on- Jesus’ faith appears to be the only thing keeping him from listening to Judas and running away. Judas’ messages about people misunderstanding Jesus’ words also come out (”you care that everyone sees / but not that anyone understands”), and his eventual agreeing to die is played less as an inspiring act of faith, and more an act of desperation as he realises, he realise has no other choice. In this song, we see just how much of Judas Jesus has valued and taken on board, and that his air of carefree aloofness which frustrated Judas was, as we’ve already touched on, a complete act. The line “might as well finish what i’ve... what YOU’VE started” is absolutely miserable, reinforcing one of the major themes of this production: the idea that Jesus and Judas were both just ordinary men tormented by futures defined by forces out of their control. Just as Jesus has absorbed Judas’ logic, as an audience so we have, and it’s difficult to view the rest of the play’s events as anything other than an immense and unnecessary act of cruelty.

we’re almost done i promise!

Even knowing what Judas has/will do, Jesus still greets him with love. Judas, still under the impression that Jesus will be okay and that he’s doing what’s best, approaches him with the utmost tenderness, and the kiss is a beautiful signifier of two things. For Jesus, the return of his love for Judas shows his realisation in Gethsemane that Judas isn’t the one who’s sealed his fate and has only being trying to help, it’s god himself who has decided Jesus’ future. For Judas, the kiss shows that despite all of the anger and frustration that has been pouring out of him, he truly does love Jesus, and the way he cradles the scared and alone Jesus to his chest afterwards shows just how much he wishes he could be the one to help him and keep him close. Even with all their arguments and dysfunction, here Jesus and Judas find comfort in each other, and it almost seems like everything will end up alright. It’s in this moment that Judas and Jesus are most identifiable not as enemies, or as villain and hero, but as archetypal lovers from a Shakespearean tragedy. Neither of them set out to hurt each other, but through miscommunications, their own flaws, and external forces (both natural and supernatural), their love is simply never to be. Furthermore, in the following torture and spectacle, everything that Judas predicted for Jesus is about to come true. Another detail I find interesting is the way that Jesus and Judas both sport black nail polish, leather pants, and similar length hair: along with just looking cool as hell, the similarities really reinforce how close they are and how much they influence each other- it feels like a contemporary version of carrying a cameo or a lock of your lover's hair with you, a way for 'star crossed lovers' to keep a piece of their beloved no matter what.

The disaffected persona of Jesus, the institution, comes back as he’s taken by the authorities and subsequently insulted, degraded, and whipped. Also the swedish version of The Arrest, when the chorus starts singing questions, contains this dick joke and I think we all deserve it: “why were you dating a whore? / talk about a huge magic wand!”

Skipping forward to Judas’ Death, this is where both his character and the production’s conception of god beautifully (and miserably) align. When Judas runs to the pharisees, minor semantic changes (along with the genuine concern and great acting from Peter Johansson) reinforce that this Judas genuinely didn’t know that Jesus would be beaten and sentenced to death the way he has been, and Judas’ concern regarding how things look is played less as ‘oh no people will hate ME!’, but how having sentenced the man you love to death is one nightmarish thing, but for everyone to think you did it knowingly and willingly and then congratulate you for it is unthinkable. Where the english shows Judas’ attempting to evade responsibility for Jesus death, the swedish is more focused on Judas’ guilt, horror, and regret. The english “I’d save him all the suffering if I could / don’t believe our good / save him if I could” is swapped in swedish for “If anyone should die here I should / don’t say I’m good / better if I died”. While the english statements are somewhat empty (sure, Judas says he’d save Jesus’ suffering if he could, but he can’t so we’ll never truly know) and are still focused on Judas’ attempt to construct himself as a good guy, the swedish translation has Judas admit his guilt (even if it’s not really his fault), and make the promise of “better if i died” which, given the name of this sequence, he later delivers on. When english Judas sings “Christ, I’d sell out the nation / For I have been saddled with the murder of you”, swedish Judas sings “Jesus, I’ve been deceived / because of my act your blood’s now being spilt”, and instead of ending this first section with “I should be dragged through the slime and the mud”, swedish jesus returns to the theme of character assasination with “i will be cursed as the one behind your murder”. 

The swedish translation of the next rework of I Don’t Know How to Love Him also places much more emphasis on Judas’ genuine romantic love for Jesus- we’d be here for hours if i listed everything but here are a few key contrasts. The english has Judas sing “I don’t know how to love him /  I don’t know why he moves me”, whereas the swedish has Judas crying while singing “how do I show my love / all I want is to be close to you”. Along with acknowledging Judas already loves Jesus, the entirety of this segment is shifted from Judas singing about Jesus in the third person ‘he’, to a direct address. Judas isn’t performing his sadness, or venting his emotions, he’s emitting one last desperate cry to the man he loves as he sobs on a stage completely shrouded in darkness, and it’s devastating. Peter Johansson lets his voice run raw as he’s belting, and interrupts lines with sobs, and this Judas answers the question of “do you love me too? do you care for me?” with a quiet “no”- Judas is about to go to his death convinced Jesus must hate him, just as Jesus will face his knowing his love inadvertently put him there.

We finally reach Judas’ actual death, and the production’s far more ambiguous (if not negatively geared) depiction of god comes to a head. Judas’ screaming at god the moment he realises that his god essentially forced Judas to be the one to kill Jesus (an act of ultimate cruelty given their love) comes across as horrifying in it’s validity, unlike in other english language productions where it follows the more common characterisation of Judas being an unbeliever who can’t take responsibility for his own actions. When he spits on the ground, screaming “you have murdered me!”, we can’t help but agree- Judas was trying everything he could to stop Jesus from dying, and yet here he is. Most notably, Judas doesn’t set up his own suicide- a noose literally descends from the heavens, already tied, and Judas is literally trapped between the edge of the stage, and the symbol of death behind him. Much like he didn’t choose to kill Jesus, Judas has no choice in his own suicide- it’s suggested to merely be another part of the plan god has for him, and Judas raising his arms to form a crucifixion pose before he finally turns and jumps, disappearing into the depths of the theatre as the rope trails down (somewhat evocative of a leap to hell), highlight the sick joke. Much like Jesus begging in Gethsemane, a plea with god that in anyway implies fault or cruelty is met with silence followed by a death sentence. 

When Judas reappears to the broken and bloodied Jesus in Superstar, he appears as more of a twisted hallucination than the literal spirit of Judas. He’s the opposite of everything he was in life, draped in colour, surrounded by red lighting instead of the signature blue, his hair quite literally let down, joking and dancing. Despite singing about him, Judas virtually ignores Jesus for the whole song except when he’s taunting him, snatching his hand away after a broken and desperate Jesus reaches out for the image of his beloved (refuting Judas’ belief that Jesus would die hating him), along with the swedish additions of Judas repeatedly addressing him as “little Jesus”. Where the living Judas was serious, sometimes harsh but always well intention, often paying more attention to Jesus than he received, this Judas is the opposite: light hearted but cruel, not caring about Jesus one bit. It’s somewhat an inversion of the beginning of JCS, where the tormented Judas was constantly reaching out to Jesus, and often met with scorn and insult (see: most of their arguments, this line from Everything’s Alright: “the thought is beautiful but quite unrealistic / yes, even quite stupid”). As the song goes on, and even as Jesus is crucified, the victorious scoring of the Superstar theme ends up reinforcing the cruelty and questioning of god distinctive of this production: Ola Salo’s Jesus is one of the bloodiest Jesus’s (Jesii?) I’ve been able to find, with blood covering his torso, his arms, and all over his face, not in passive dribbles, but violent ‘swooshes’ spreading out from his eyes, emphasising the fear and pain contained within them. As the music suggests how great and wonderful Jesus’ death is, the images straight out of a horror movie before us don’t seem to match up: as both Judas and Jesus question, if no one is understanding what Jesus is saying, why kill him? instead of making a point, you’re ensuring that the falsehoods continue to circulate, unless spreading the true message isn’t really the intent at all. or, simply that Jesus was wrong: his interpretation and teachings of god were far too kind and practical, and the true god really is the one that he briefly saw in the garden of Gethsemane, and that Judas saw before his death- a cruel and vindictive god using them for his own sick purposes. If you're a strong Christian, I'm sure you could watch this production and still believe that God was right (although I think Jesus and Judas being in love counts as blasphemy), but I think in doing so you'd lose part of what makes this production so hard hitting and, as i keep saying, devastating.

that’s pretty much it for this one! i feel like jesus and judas as a queer couple is less significant to this production than the fact that it’s specifically jesus and judas that are in love - they don’t face explicit homophobia as such, although i do think the paratextual and historical associations of queerness (both with them each looking visibly queer, and them as a couple) adds a beautiful dimension by subverting the standard christian teaching of Jesus’ sacrifice as “a love that changed the world” and making the love that truly could have been transformative (and was, to a degree) the love between Jesus and another man, not to mention the way in which queerness is often viewed as radical perfectly upholding the ‘radical’ views of god and the story of Jesus shown in the production. Why wouldn’t the love between two men be the love which has us questioning god, faith, and that which many of us have been taught since birth? Ola Salo has talked about how he’s able to be positive and negative towards christianity, along with how he wanted Jesus and Judas to really represent two sides of the same coin (’faith and intelligence’), and being bisexual along with having alluded to being raised christian (not to mention Breaking Up With God, a song by his band The Ark), it’s not surprising he’s managed to present such a nuanced and layered interpretation of Jesus Christ Superstar that even me, a trans exvangelical, can fall in love with.

UPDATE: @bands-and-hobbits has just let me know that Ola's dad was a priest! Apparently he's said that he liked the organs and the music, but that was all when it comes to christianity, which (when combined with Ola stating in interviews that the JCS soundtrack has been one of his favourite albums since he was 14) makes a lot of sense about the level of familiarity he had with the text giving him confidence to go in and make changes to really capitalised off of some of the themes that are hinted at in the english version- you have enough information to understand how everything works together, but aren't so dedicated to preserving belief that you feel you can't improve/change things (and my god are we glad he did)

[sadbirder]

A Comparison Of Contemporary Landscape Photography With Traditional 19th Century Landscape Painting

The aesthetics of both contemporary landscape photography and traditional 19th century landscape painting hold much the same purpose, the objectification of nature as a servant to human kind. Both practices give misguided representations that nature is something which is ours to have. This way of seeing is an anthropocentric hangover that has no place in contemporary aesthetics because the belief that nature is ours to have because it belongs to humans is outdated and no longer practical or realistic in today’s world. 

19th century landscape painting is from a time when all people believed all of everything on Earth was here exclusively for humans to exploit, consume and dominate as they please. There were scientists and thinkers during this century who began to consider that perhaps nature was not here for us. Alfred Russell Wallace wrote in his book, The Malay Archipelago, that he noticed that very large fruits grow on very tall trees throughout the region. He suspected if one of these large fruits should fall on a human from such a height, it would likely kill them. He questioned why and if these plants were truly put there by god with exclusive reference to human kind. I am guessing that at the time, not many Europeans had seen large fruits growing on incredibly lofty trees.

Another figure, who had thoughts like this in the same era, was Henry David Thoreau. His book Walden explores what it is to live off the land without exploiting the land or the creatures on it. He did not hunt or keep animals and he grew a permaculture-esque farm/garden. He did this as capitalism was still growing into the dominant way of living in the western world. It is incredibly compelling to read the experiences of someone rejecting the latest fashion trends, a glamorous life based around financial assets and the need to eat meat on a daily basis in the context of that particular moment on the timeline of human history. The themes central to this book examine the state of the world and the ways in which people live on it and engage with it, the observations Thoreau makes are pertinent to scrutinising how we exist today.

Sunrise - Claude Monet

Landscape painting from this time does not share the same progressive thinking. At least, if it did at all, that is not why the paintings are cherished today. The 3 examples I have chosen, each show a romanticised view of a landscape that has been largely altered by the domineering presence of humans. The views also show people working or give the idea of work. Work is an unnatural process exclusive to humanity, it is the method and process of human domination of nature. In his book, Future Primitive Revisited, John Zerzan refers to this as the division of labour. Zerzan explains that there is a symbiotic relationship between the division of labour and domestication of humanity and nature that perpetuates negative cycles in human social structures.

Monet’s Sunrise shows what is still celebrated today as a beautiful sunrise scene. In reality it is a factory. Based on the era in which it was painted, it is presumably full of workers in poor working conditions. The factory is causing a great smog which is completely altering how the view of the river before it appears. The painting beautifies the cancerous smog as scenic and romanticises the factory as if it is something other than an eyesore, filled with miserable people. By extension, it celebrates the idea that humans and nature are here purely to serve capitalism by being functional workers. Humanity, in this painting, is not shown as a part of nature but as a tool for its subjugation.

The Hay Wain - John Constable

The Hay Wain by John Constable gives us a peaceful view of a man working the landscape of his farm with his horse and his dog. This painting is renowned for its beauty. Constable’s paintings have been so celebrated, that the entire area where they were mostly created is still preserved to this day as the Dedham Area Of Outstanding Natural Beauty (ANOB). This so-called beauty is the farmed landscape of south-east England. This area was once, in its entirety; ancient, deciduous woodland but is no longer so due to the consequences of work and human activity.

This molestation of an entire habitat is something the British government seeks to preserve for tourism and capital gain. This is done under the guise of maintaining the lie that the quiet countryside of little England is; A: a reality available for all to attain B: a beautiful thing because it is still in it’s natural state. Again, within a painting celebrated for its beauty in depicting nature, we have ugliness and artificiality. A destroyed habitat, forced animal labour of the horse, a dog breed (Border Collie) selectively bred to exploit obsessive behavioural tendencies and forced to work. Here again, humans, animals and the land represent the means of the domestication of nature in order to create an artificial, human-dominated landscape. This painting tells us that nature only has merit if it has a purpose in serving the functionality of the human world. Nothing about it is natural, or beautiful.

Ivy Bridge, Devonshire - JMW Turner

Ivy Bridge, Devonshire by JMW Turner is similar to the previously mentioned landscape paintings. The natural landscape is sliced by a bridge being crossed by a horse-drawn cart in an area of England densely littered with ANOBs. I am not certain if each of the artists’ intentions were necessarily to celebrate these altered and artificial landscapes as natural beauty in their works. It is said that Turner wrote a poem of his experiences working on the Devonshire commissions revealing that the landscape raised questions about morality for him. It could be that Turner and the landscape painters of the 19th century were attempting to expose the fakeness of the setup. Nonetheless, the paintings are today incorrectly treasured as depicting the beauty of the world in it’s natural state.

The foundation of the idea that these paintings display to us natural beauty come from the views of people who lived in an era when it was conventional to believe that the Earth and nature were there for humans to sculpt in whatever way they liked. This essentially means that to celebrate these paintings today as natural and beautiful is to celebrate human domination of Earth and the domestication of its people and creatures. This celebration preserves two great lies. The first lie is that the Earth, as manipulated by humans, is in it’s natural state. The second lie; This manipulation, caused by human domination, is beautiful.

Thomas Heaton

All of the contemporary-traditional landscape photographers I have looked at are well known on instagram and each of their posts boast thousands of likes, often in the name of conservation. When I look at their photographs, I feel uninspired. How could this be so? Nature is inspiring. They are technically spectacular photographs of incredible scenery but post-production techniques such as the over-saturation of the colours create an unrealness. This is uncomfortable because it presents nature as having to be more than what it actually is to be considered a sight worthy of seeing. While thousands of people do engage with these photographs online, what does it do now for changing how we intereact with nature? How does it change the fundamental way we see the world and does it seek to change the anthropocentric viewpoint that the world is here for us?

Daniel Kordan

This style of photography has not progressed much since Ansel Adams pioneered it last century. Someone told me that this kind of photography is important because it shows people what we stand to lose if humans continue on this path of domination and extraction of nature. I ask the question then, is this tactic flawed? This method of revealing the beauty of nature in photography is not new. It has been a somewhat ubiquitos model for conservation and widespread awareness of nature in photography since Ansel Adams began his career in the 1920s. While this has achieved some huge successes in protecting wild landscapes, these very landscapes are still under threat.

Ansel Adams, Cathedral Peak and Lake, Yosemite National Park, 1938

Climate change, habitat & biodiversity loss are not known as entities who recognise borders and boundaries. Our activies outside proctected areas affect what is within them. I view this kind of photography as a green-washing activity. Consciously our not, these photographers play into the narrative that the landscape is something to be conquered. This is reflected in the corporate funding these photographers receive to travel the world and take these spectacular shots and then share them online with generic captions such as “Get out there and live it.” 

The consequnece of this tactic inspires swarms of amateur photographers into contributing to destructive tourism practices, not to mention the volume of iphones and camera gear purchased. These tourists flood the landscape and attempt to recreate, often successfully, the style of their favourite landscape photographers’ work. They too can share the images on social media and receive kudos for how in touch with nature they are, compliments are given to their highly technical photography. 

This style of photography ignores at large the impacts of current ways in which the human world engages with nature. These photographers leave the inevitable cigarette-butts, food packaging and other litter spread throughout almost any natural landscape out of frame. They might not even see the trash, it is hard to see human waste in a landscape when you do not want to see it. If photographs dealing with conservation of nature showed us the real way in which we interact with nature, would humans therefore be able to finally see nature?

This raises the question of what makes the professional a more worthy artist than the amateur recreationists? The method is also boring, old fashioned and it does not work. Why is climate change etc. getting worse if the tactic of showing people what we might lose is successful? This is because it is not, truly successful. It creates a narrative that the world is our pretty little thing to look at and this objectifies it. Photographers are asking people to look, but not see. In essence, professional landscape photographers whore out to us 5-second-views of a world that really requires vast amounts of time invested in multi-sensory observation to actually see. This tactic does nothing to push for a fundamental shift in how all humans interact with the more-than-human natural world because it does nothing to ensure that nature is seen. If nature is not even seen, how can we challenge the ways which humans see it and engage with it? The practice of how nature is represented in art must change in order to facilitate a change in the ideological practice of seeing nature.

Psychescape - Terri Loewenthal

Photographers like Terri Loewenthal speculate that perhaps the views of nature offered from art is a gendered issue and that we are too used to male-dominated views of the world. She seeks to reject technically-accurate recreations of landscape through photography by choosing to explore imperfection with her photographic practice. She does this in her Psychescape series of works by using a hand-built optic that manipulates the colours and shapes in a photograph at the moment of shooting. She is changing how her camera sees the world, in order to ask us to change how we see the world. Loewenthal intends to achieve this, unlike Ansel Adams and so many after him, by not keeping the human world out of shot. To show views of nature that include humanity which are beautiful in their coexistence.

Contemporary landscape photography and traditional 19th century landscape painting share a similar view of the world in both aesthetics and ideology. They continue to feed a narrative that the human-world is outside of the natural world, that the two are separate.  The practice of doing so has led to a great un-seeing of nature from humans in art and lived experience. We know that we need to change the ways in which humans live and interact with the world in order to ensure that humans can continue to exist in the world. We know that it is necessary for humans to coexist with nature in order to take steps in dealing with climate change and other such natural world catastrophes of the contemporary era. For a long time, landscape painting and landscape photography has refused to play a role in changing how we see nature by showing human dominated views and misleading interpretations of the way that nature is before us. Artists are now seeking to show that humans and nature are part of the same whole. Rejecting views which celebrate the human domination and domestication of nature by bringing the interconnectedness of humans and nature into aesthetics is key to fundamentally shifting the role of art in shaping how humans see nature.

[douchebagbrainwaves]

WORK ETHIC AND DESIGN

Recipes for wisdom, particularly ancient ones, tend to use whatever language does the job. Moral fashions don't seem to be missing. Especially when you'd been working with the same group of people for decades. What Extent? So I think at least some of the most successful startups, including Google, ignored revenue at first and concentrated exclusively on development. But was it the most interesting surprises are unexpected connections between different fields. For both Confucius and Socrates, people seem to think they're going to sell content—that they were stupid. Indeed, the great advantage of not caring where people went to college.1 What tipped the scales, at least working on problems of minor importance. Beware of research.

Figure out what? Oxford not till 1885. My hypothesis is that the company pays 10 times as many. Why should we care especially about civil liberties?2 Let's start by acknowledging one external factor that does affect the popularity of programming languages.3 Some magazines may thrive by focusing on the magazine as a physical object. What changed there was not solubility but bigness.4 Who cares about symbolism in Dickens.5 It's a particularly good combination both to be good for a designer, but a fickle client or unreliable materials would not be far from the truth to say that it's heretical.6 Kids who went to MIT or Harvard or Stanford and sometimes find ourselves thinking: they must be smarter than they seem. We conveniently forget that the Soviet Union. Perl; in fact, discontinuous.7

High schools imitate universities. Michelangelo had, there were people who used to sell newsletters containing stock tips, printed on colored paper that made them hard for the copiers of the day to reproduce. If we treat data structures as if they had. It would be hard to make it good. But that disobedience is a byproduct of optimizing for depth and speed. Other domains change fast. The way to get a cup of tea. In fact, the reason the best PR firms are so effective is precisely that they aren't dishonest. The more extreme recipes aim to break down your individuality the way basic training does.8

Can a language compel programmers to write code that's short in elements at the expense of overall readability? And so all over the country students are writing not about how a baseball team with a small budget, will find that he is forced to follow it, because they come closest of any group I know to embodying it. Almost four decades later, fragmentation is still increasing. Murder for example. Reminder: What I'm looking for are programs that are short because delimiters can be omitted and everything has a one-time combination of circumstances that's unlikely to be able to think how hard PR firms work to score press hits in the traditional way: they don't need to raise money is that you can learn quickly enough that car means the first element of a pattern, or a company hiring people right out of college. But there are also three less obvious advantages of ramen profitability is that it can be used for constructive purposes too: just as you can and watch what it's doing. Some of the startups that did best were the ones who obligingly flew Altavista into a hillside just as Google was getting started.9 But for someone at the top, by underpaying their top management. Then for each ask, might this be true? The opinion of expert hackers is not the destination. Why should we care especially about civil liberties?10

It's just as well that it usually takes a while to gain momentum. Some switched from meat loaf to tofu, and others to Hot Pockets. I notice that I tend to conclude with a few vague questions and then drift off to get a cup of tea. We found the startups that did best were the ones who like running their company so much that resembling nature is intrinsically good as that nature has had a long time to work on something everyone else has to, or they can't get good people. The super-angels were looking for companies that are going to build things that will later seem ridiculous, I want to find startup ideas.11 But a hacker can learn quickly enough that car means the first element of a list and cdr means the rest. The same principles of good design crop up again and again. My hypothesis is that succinctness is what programming languages are supposed to do, like a well. The language designer know what the status quo for granted is not just that series A rounds, that would cut VCs' returns from winners at least tenfold. Organic ideas feel like inspirations. Whereas we felt pretty sure that the notation is not the only reason investors like you more when you've started to raise money.

Notes

In one way, I mean by evolution. If you have two choices and one didn't try because they could bring no assets with them.

Looking at the mercy of investors.

Of the two, and Reddit is Delicious/popular is driven mostly by hackers. Now we don't have to replace the actual server in order to provoke a bidding war between 3 pet supply startups for the sledgehammer; if you like a winner. In high school textbooks.

As always, tax rates, which is to fork off separate processes to deal with the high-minded Edwardian child-heroes of Edith Nesbit's The Wouldbegoods.

We didn't swing for the same weight as any successful startup founders is by calibrating their ambitions, because neither of the magazine they'd accepted it for had disappeared in a company has ever been.

As I was a bad imitation of a company they'd pay a lot of startups is very hard to measure how dependent you've become on distractions, try this thought experiment works for nationality and religion too. The same goes for companies that we wouldn't have had a big change from what it would certainly be less than a tenth as many per capita as in Boston, and that most people don't dislike him for a long time? Maybe that isn't the last thing you tend to notice them.

How much better, but you're very smooth if you're not going to need common sense when intepreting it. SpamCop—. If asked to choose between the two elsewhere, but unfortunately not true.

A miracle of workmanship.

That can be a product manager about problems integrating the Korean version of Explorer. Then you'll either get the bugs out of loyalty to the way starting a company selling soybean oil or butter n yellow onions other fresh vegetables; experiment 3n cloves garlic n 12-oz cans white, kidney, or at least straightforwardly benevolent, doesn't help people on the Internet Bubble I talked to mentioned how much effort it costs. Within Viaweb we once had a killed portraiture as a cold email. I know it's a bad idea.

That's because the books we now call science. Unless of course, that alone could in principle is that the guys running Digg are especially sneaky, but I call it procrastination when someone gets drunk instead of profits—but only if the selection process looked for different things from different, simpler organisms over unimaginably long periods of time, default to some fairly high spam probability. If only one founder take fundraising meetings is that you'll expend a lot on how much they liked the outdoors, was no great risk in doing a small percentage of startups where the second wave extends applications across the web.

5,000 or a 2004 Mercedes S600 sedan 122,000. Why do you know whether you're a YC startup you have no way to put it would be enough to supply the activation energy required to switch the operating system so much pain, it could hose the whole world is boring.

[logical-little-lies]

Making Out, Flirting, and The Beginnings of A Four-Way Bond- Little Vlogs (Chapter Five)

a/n: after like a month of not updating I finally wrote another part to this. Yay!!! also I forgot who wanted to be added to the taglist so if you asked feel free to yell at me in my inbox later bc I didn’t add anyone new. sorry!

--

chapter summary: The four head out together for their first romantic outing, all four of them. How does it go? Romantic affection is spread between them, and they have a ton of fun. This date marks the start of them becoming a poly couple.

--

"Virgil, I promise, you look great," Roman assured his boyfriend, who kept retucking his short sleeved black and purple shirt.

"I don't even know how to skate!" Virgil groaned, adjusting the band of his high-waisted ripped jeans, fluffing his hair with his hand.

"I do, and so does Patton. I'm sure we can help you and Logan figure it out," Roman put the tiniest bit of lipgloss on his lips, holding out the tube to Virgil as an offering.

"Nah, no thanks. Not feeling like makeup today, but you look great," Virgil moved to kiss Roman's cheek.

"Thank you," Roman smirked, turning his head and pecking Virgil's lips softly. Virgil snaked his arms around Roman's neck, making the kiss deeper. Roman went with it for a moment before pulling away. "I have to redo my lipgloss!" he whined.

"But I got to makeout with you, it's a win-lose situation but I think we're both happy," he winked playfully, and Roman, in just as much of a playful manner, scoffed and rolled his eyes.

"Whatever, you suck," he snatched the tube of makeup from the counter and reapplied it. Virgil gathered the makeup and hygienic products that were scattered and began to put them in their places.

"Of course I do," Virgil took the tube from Roman a few seconds later, putting it in the makeup tub. Virgil set the makeup tub on the counter, looking at his phone.

"Are they here?" Roman asked. Virgil looked at him.

"You're acting like a high school cheerleader who got a date with the school quarterback," Virgil scoffed, facing his phone screen away from him.

"Oh shut up, you're excited too. You know it," Roman teased,checking his pocket to make sure he had his phone.

Virgil didn't respond, ducking out of the bathroom and walking through the apartment. Roman made sure he had everything, taking a deep breath before exiting the bathroom and meeting Virgil at the door. "Ready?" Virgil held out his hand.

Roman intertwined their fingers, "As I'll ever be."

--

Patton and Logan looked all sorts of gorgeous. On two different ends of the spectrum. Patton was gorgeous in a you're-so-beautiful type way, with his sweater and mom-jeans. Logan was gorgeous in a how-are-you-so-fucking-hot way.

It was pretty dark, and there was a slight breeze.

Logan wore a loose plain black t-shirt, tucked into dark jeans. they all wore tucked in shirts and jeans, just different combinations. "Hey, Ro! And Virge!" Patton greeted Virgil with a hug first, looking shyly at Roman's slightly muscular arms.

Roman realize what he wanted, holding out his arms. "You're welcome to hug me." he clarified with a chuckle. Logan urged Patton forward. Virgil noticed how Patton melted into his embrace, but his focus quickly shifted into how Logan's freckles seemed to stand out even more under this dark lighting.

"Admiring me, Virgil?" Logan snapped him out of his daze, calling out his staring and causing Virgil to go red.

"Uh-um...maybe?"

"Yeah, you were. Think I'm hot, or something?" Logan continued to joke, Virgil looked up at him as he got closer.

"Oh, surely not. I'm here for Patton and Patton exclusively," he raised his eyebrow, as if challenging him.

"I swear to god, if you two start marking out before the date even STARTS, I give up." Roman rolled his eyes with a groan.

"What would you do if we did? We could kiss right now, I'm up for that," Virgil looked up at Logan again, who seemed to be silently agreeing.

"I'd uh....kiss Patton!" Roman decided.

"Let's get in the car first," Patton opened the back door, sliding to sit behind the drivers seat. Logan laughed at the interaction between them, getting in the drivers seat.

"I call shotgun!" Roman spoke first, but Virgil stopped him from getting in the car.

"No, I want to!" he whined. They continued to argue before Logan honked his horn.

"You guys really like me that much? You're willing to go as far as fighting over who gets to sit next to me?" he looked at them in a mockingly stern way, as if disappointed. "Virgil, you sit in front. Only because you were the first one to try and be flirty tonight."

Virgil stuck out his tongue , Roman rolling his eyes and climbing into the back without another word. "You really wanted to sit next to Logan, does it really suck that much that you got stuck with me?" Patton seemed to be pouting a bit, talking in a quiet voice to Roman.

"No, no! I did want to sit next to Logan, but you're great too. Just as cute, and sweet," he smiled, reassuring him. Patton smiled, buckling his seat belt.

"Mkay," he mumbled, going silent. The car started up, and Virgil and Logan start their own conversation up front. Patton looked out the window.

Was Roman really going to do this? It seemed like it would be something sweet to do in this moment. It would be so cute!

Roman hesitated, but while Patton was facing away, he leaned over, and kissed his cheek softly. "Really, you're adorable." he assured, Patton giving a more genuine smile, which was now tainted by a blush.

They got to the diner in no time. Roman and Patton ordered almost identical meals, which was surprising because none of them had really talked about what they were getting before hand. Virgil sat next to Logan on their side of the booth, with Patton and Roman on the other. They held up a lighthearted, slightly flirty conversation throughout their meal.

Everyone was happy, this felt right. This felt more like fate then when the separate two couples got together. It was like the four of them were meant to be.

Roman was mentally gushing over how adorable Patton was, while Virgil was distracted by Logan's arm around his shoulder. "Logieee," Patton whined with a pout, "Can we please get milkshakes for dessert?"

Logan seemed to be thinking. "I suppose so." he gave a smirk, knowing that the next thing he'd hear would be Patton's cheer. Virgil seemed happy about this too. They ordered milkshakes when the waiter came by to collect their empty plates.

Virgil mindlessly leaned his head against Logan's shoulder, looking up at him when he realized what he did. "Well, hello there," Logan chuckled softly, signifying that this affectionate action was okay. Virgil smiled back up at him.

None of the four even knew how so much time had passed so quickly, but it felt like only a few minutes later, they were lacing up their skates and preparing to enter the skate floor. Patton was ready, holding out his hand to Virgil.

"You don't know how to skate, right? I don't want you to fall," he said innocently. Virgil intertwined their fingers.

"I don't know, Pat. Seems like you just wanna hold my hand," Virgil waited for Patton to step onto the skate floor.

"Okay, maybe I do?" he challenged, pulling the emo boy onto the skating rink before another word could be spoken.

"Hmm,so they're being all cutesy together," Roman joked, tying his skate laces into a bow.

"I expected such. The combination of those two are cuddly, cutesy, and adorable." Logan stood up, holding onto the booth seats as support.

"How would you describe the combination of us?" Roman got up too, making sure the man was stable.

"Um...confident, flirtatious, and hot?" he settled on those three words. Roman took his hand.

"Sounds accurate enough to me," he nodded, puling him towards the skating rink.

A two hour skating session was enough to hold all the following: Virgil and Logan falling about fifteen times combined during the first thirty minutes alone (aka, they're bad at skating), Roman beating Logan in the arcade games,and Virgil and Patton sharing a large pop from the food counter (which in turn, made Patton very energetic).

((SUGGESTIVE/ IMPLIED SMUT WARNING))

"Logan and Roman went to the bathroom together fifteen minutes ago, and I'm kinda concerned," Virgil looked at Patton with a suggestive look.

"Vee! I'm sure it's fine, they wouldn't do that...in a public restroom." Patton looked horrified at the thought.

"Are you sure about that?" Virgil raised his eyebrow, taking a sip of their shared pop before handing it to Patton.

Logan and Roman may not of been doing what Virgil implied, but a makeout session definitely took place. What could they say? No one used to bathroom and they had it to themselves. They're gay and overly romantic, something was bound to happen.

Logan and Roman returned their skates already, and Patton and Virgil were waiting for them in the backseats of the car. When the two men finally came out of the building, they were quick to cross the parking lot and climb into the car.

"Sorry for the hold up....uh, we were-" Roman tried to come up with an excuse as he sat in the passenger seat.

"Kissing? Fucking? Making out?" Virgil offered.

"First off, language," Logan gave him a stern look that made Virgil wanna pout and say sorry, "Second off, the last option one applies."

Patton's eyes widened, but then he gave a mock offended look. "So you two make out in the skating rink bathroom, and all I got was a measly kiss on the cheek from Roman? This is not fair." he huffed.

"Don't worry, I didn't get any kisses from none of y'all." Virgil matched Patton's pouty face. Roman and Logan listened to their pouting and complaining.

"Poor babies," Roman teased, looking back at the two of them, who gave semi-identical playful glares.

"Well, I guess we have to make it up to them somehow," Logan sighed dramatically, and Roman gave him a knowing look. They had discussed sleepover plans while leaving the skating rink.

"Mhm, you're right. Does a weekend-long sleepover work as an apology for not kissing you two?" Roman asked, the two boys in the back expressing excitement within seconds.

"Yes, but I still expect kisses from you guys," Patton accommodated.

"Maybe you'll get them?" Logan started the car. The four playfully argued until they reached Patton's house. Roman opened Patton's door, holding out a hand to help him out of his seat.

"Oh, thank you Roman!" Patton took his hand, somewhat shocked when Roman pulled him up into a firm, but soft kiss. "Now that makes up for it." he spoke softly when he pulled away. Virgil seemed jealous, climbing out of his side of the car. Roman and Patton walked toward the door, and Logan was the last to get out.

Logan took Virgil's hand in his silently, and they all entered the house. "You alright?" he asked Virgil, knowing exactly why he was upset. Patton led Roman up the stairs, leaving Virgil and Logan to take off their shoes by the door. Virgil let go of his hand and moved to take his shoes off, shrugging. Logan took his shoes off quickly.

Virgil knew he was being petty and jealous for no reason, and that if he really wanted it, he could just ask for affection from any of the three and they'd probably comply. Is it really terrible that he wanted someone else to make a move first? his thought were interrupted.

Suddenly, Logan's arm was snaked around Virgil's waist, and their faces were not that far apart. They locked eyes, and Virgil was eager to fill the gap, standing on his toes to do so.

"Better?" Logan questioned, causing Virgil to smile widely.

"Yep!" he piped, chuckling a bit. "Let's go upstairs and find something to do with the others, I'm kinda sleepy."

Logan hummed, leading Virgil up the stairs.

It wasn't until after a few more dates like this one that the four of them would officialize that they were all boyfriends now, but they would celebrate their anniversary on this day each year.

Patton ended up wrapped up in Roman's arms, and Virgil cuddled up next to Logan. They woke up in a cuddly mess the next morning, but at least they slept well.

The four of them would soon begin to adapt to their new relationship, a close, affectionate, and caring four-way bond that would never be broken. The journey of reaching that point in their relationship began with this night, the night of their first date.

A/N: kissing? flirting? adorableness all ‘round? ab-so-lute-ly! hope you enjoyed it!

Tag list: @stimmingsides @smollilsanderssides @novacloudcat @analogical-agere @fairyhuman2000 @aphandgflover@softastarlight @littlesapphygem @softflowerinmyheart @virgietheprincess @babeyalstar @b3an-spr0ut @babeyvoid @lgbtqiaemo @because-were-fam-ily @lonelysoul43

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[recordtank4]

The Several Advantages Of Peptides.

What Are The Types Of Sarms, What Are Sarms Uk.

Content

Peptide Modifications.

Brand-new Products.

Types Of Ipeds.

Never-ceasing Science The Reaping Machine 120 Caps (ostarine).

So, How Can I Obtain Sufficient Collagen?

View your outcomes with doctor's advice, monitor any type of modifications with time as well as see the renovations you can make to your health and wellness with easy way of living adjustments. A great way to improve your performance and also get outcomes is to understand what's going on inside your body. Look past just the expense of SARMs to determine what you are mosting likely to make use of.

Products have a light-weight appearance and also a high percentage of active components, so they're a terrific way to obtain a dose of peptides, attempt Radical Skincare Advanced Peptide Antioxidant Lotion.

A copper peptide is a peptide, combined with a trace amount of copper, which, when related to skin can aid to enhance the recovery procedure by supplying copper where it's needed to regenerate broken skin.

https://pharmalabglobal.com/product-category/hcg/ up for our newsletter to receive exclusive deals and also professional skin care advice, plus get ₤ 5 off your following order.

A fine example is copper-- a normally happening mineral within our body that assists to bind collagen and also elastin with each other.

Our client treatment group are skin care and item specialists and can direct you to the most effective skin of your life.

Although the companies included speak about a market worth $1bn, to accomplish anything near to this worth any item would certainly need to show amazing effectiveness as well as it seems most likely a variety of smaller sized products will certainly arise. Offered previous scientific experience it does seem most likely that progress in this complicated illness will certainly be step-by-step. Taking a different method is PsiOxus with MT-102, an anabolic catabolic changing representative. Patients are presently being hired for a dual blind, placebo controlled stage II research study in 132 clients, with either colon or non-small cell lung cancer. Information on endpoints including a six minute strolling examination and staircase climb should be offered next year; if favorable the company will certainly seek a companion. In the meantime, data need to emerge from the mid-stage pipeline, possibly from Acacia's APD209 prior to the end of the year.

Peptide Adjustments.

The item is a combination of 2 repurposed medications-- a beta 2 adrenoreceptor agonist and a progestogen agonist. Most cachexia research is being conducted in cancer patients however any kind of effective medicine would also likely be utilized in conditions such as renal illness and persistent obstructive lung illness, where individuals regularly suffer from losing. More comprehensive possibility also depends on related conditions such as sarcopenia, muscle wasting in the elderly that is thought to impact a quarter of men over the age of 60. Cachexia is mostly connected with cancer cells; prices vary with tumor types and the phase of the disease. For example, while around 80% of pancreatic cancer cells patients are likely to deal with wasting it is no place near as usual in less aggressive tumor types.

Hold out for a great product so you can get truth value it needs to deliver. All products detailed as well as provided through SteroidsUK are planned for research purposes just. Products provided by SteroidsUK are not planned for usage in food or as any kind of sort of medicine.

New Items.

A large dosage may be absorbed one go and infusing can result in serious infection, particularly hepatitis and HIV if infusing devices is shared so tidy devices ought to constantly be utilized. Troubles such as sleep disorders, confusion, anxiety as well as paranoia might additionally be experienced.

They are cheap as well as quickly available to subdue testosterone production. Research made it known that many individuals use the SARMs in the dose range between 10 mg and 25mg. Touchdown on this page means you might need to know a few aspects of pure SARMs. We would favor a remedy to your search and also reward you with outstanding top three pure SARMs for bodybuilding. There's no big key that the SARMs can function properly to boost body language.

Kinds Of Ipeds.

Information that GTx will begin 2 stage III researches with its novel muscular tissue throwing away therapy, Ostarine, is encouraging progression for cachexia research. The condition affects a big percentage of cancer cells clients along with patients with lung as well as kidney illness, brings a significant death risk and can badly crimp lifestyle, but has few reliable treatments.

Authorities are responding very quickly and also catching defrauders offering fake SARMs. Manufacturers need to examine each product in independent labs, which should give their consent for sporting activities supplements to show up on the marketplace. Without it, customers might doubt the accuracy and also safety and security of the product as well as not buy it. Some SARMs had actually been examined years prior to they were authorized for usage. Although costliness is a loved one term, many users will certainly concur that the rates of SARMs are high.

Our items are not planned to treat, protect against, alleviate or heal any type of condition or medical condition as well as are for research study functions just. Raising understanding of the health and wellness results of PEIDs is a key focus of ASADA Chief Executive Officer David Sharpe. One recent term paper found that youngsters given synthetic human growth hormone are at substantially greater danger of creating cancer in the long-term. Various other research performed on hormonal agent peptides has actually revealed users go to raised risk of hypertensive episodes, haemorrhage, water intoxication and also even fatality.

Never-ceasing Scientific Research The Reaper 120 Caps (ostarine).

Collect information, read testimonials from various other customers, as well as figure out what the worth is from each item. A badly made product isn't going to give you the results you are after.

What are antimicrobial proteins?

Abstract. Production of antimicrobial peptides and proteins is an important means of host defense in eukaryotes. The larger antimicrobial proteins, containing more than 100 amino acids, are often lytic enzymes, nutrient-binding proteins or contain sites that target specific microbial macromolecules.

Ibutamoren or MK 677 has actually been shown to increase IGF-1 levels by 60% in 6 weeks. It is a non-hormonal and also therefore needs no PCT after the cycle is over. It will radiate more-so if ran in conjunction with SARMS S-4 and also Cardarine (GW ). This would be similar to a SARMS triple pile that is usually ran with Ostarine, except there is a possibility of more size being placed on while reducing. To conclude, the pure SARMs are not restricted to the ones stated over, but the ones provided are the leading 3 pure SURMs for muscle building. To comprehend even more regarding other health problems and its services, check our system for even more interesting information. Ostrarine is one of the best-knownproducts that are widely utilized in this century.

Besides, each type of SARMs has its method of usage as well as a number of procedures to increase performance. You either dose once or twice daily to execute its feature to contentment as well as integrity. If you disable this cookie, we will certainly not have the ability to save your choices. This means that whenever you visit this site you will require to allow or disable cookies once again. Purely Needed Cookie must be enabled whatsoever times to make sure that we can save your choices for cookie setups. It suggests that buyers have appropriate defense when purchasing sporting activities supplements, both online and offline.

Popular brand names warrant it with boosted demand for these prep work and the greater rates of resources as well as job. Yet, 99% Purity Oxytocin reviews to on-line shopping is, a lot of fraudulences happen on the web. If you do not want to be scammed, ensure that on the internet sale is lawful in your nation. Lastly, seek previous users as well as check their experiences with a specific supplier and items. The safest way to acquire something is when you can check the item right away. When it involves SARMs, one requires to understand what to examine, such as seals or how the print on the tag was done. They ought to be well informed regarding items, brands, as well as everything else that interests them prior to getting.

For a few of the most effective medications, the examinations were also pricey to conduct at amateur level. Readus's wish to go quicker was at the origin of his use of medicines, as well as a large component of the benefit was emotional. Staite was too old to transform specialist, and also despite having the medications he was a nation mile off the very best in the sport. Despite exactly how far from centrally manage Shop Ipamorelin Online - pharmalabglobal are, though, professional athletes who dope often seem to intend to make a step up to the next degree of rate and also competitors, whatever it may be. Picture they coincide type of medications that reproached biker Lance Armstrong was outlawed for using to win 7 Tour de France titles. Currently imagine that several of the fastest riders in this pleasant neighborhood competition have used medications to improve their efficiency. The British Military takes a zero-tolerance method to substance abuse.

Peptides: What are they, uses, and side effects - Medical News Today

Peptides: What are they, uses, and side effects.

Posted: Wed, 16 Oct 2019 07:00:00 GMT [source]

Readus found that a great deal of the advice regarding dosages and discovery he got was wrong, implying some professional athletes fell short drugs tests regardless of all their efforts. For endurance athletes, the medications that were preferred one decade earlier are still the ones that are prominent today. Eventually EPO is merely perfectly fit to improving performance. Olympic cyclist and also former doper David Millar determined the similar sensation-- vitamin injection became his entrance to drugs.

There are many reasons you should use only real SARMs products. Really usually, the checklist of active ingredients found in these imitations is incorrect. A survey by PHI at Liverpool John Moores College-- Steroids and Picture Enhancing Drugs 2013 Survey Outcomes-- provides comprehensive info on the level and qualities of using these drugs in the UK.

How many types of peptides are there?

There are five different types of peptides used as skin-care actives: signaling peptides, carrier peptides, enzyme-inhibiting peptides, neurotransmitter-inhibiting peptides and antimicrobial peptides. When skin is injured, proteases break down damaged tissue into different peptide fragments.

Mechano growth element which is derived from IGF-1 as well as assists with tissue repair service as well as adjustment. Development hormonal agents like AOD-9604, which has weight loss homes and is used by professional athletes to raise power-to-weight proportions. Efficiency and image enhancing medicines are taken by individuals who desire to boost their physical appearance and/or improve their toughness and showing off performance. Essentially UKAD acts upon tip-offs, similar to law enforcement, with online forums and sites marketing medications a primary source for finding prospective culprits. Don't be fooled right into believing whatever you review online is true, though.

Medications influence the fitness and integrity of service individuals and have a destructive result on operational effectiveness. Fail a drugs examination, as well as you can anticipate to be released from the service. Experts such as physio therapists suggest people on just how to reinforce muscles after an injury or operation. They will evaluate the patient as well as deal recommendations and instruct them in exercises that can be made use of to strengthen certain muscle mass teams. Muscle mass are affixed to bones so solid muscle mass can support joints and also various other parts of the skeletal system. For people that want to build the strength of their muscles for fitness gains, they might speak with an individual instructor who can tailor a workout programme to the specific with goals to safely work in the direction of.

[johnnut28]

Cyclic Peptides In Biological

What Are The Types Of Sarms, What Are Sarms Uk.

Content

Peptide Adjustments.

New Items.

Types Of Ipeds.

Never-ceasing Scientific Research The Reaping Machine 120 Caps (ostarine).

So, Just How Can I Get Enough Collagen?

View your results with medical professional's recommendations, keep an eye on any kind of changes with time and also see the renovations you can make to your health with easy way of living changes. A terrific means to improve your efficiency as well as get outcomes is to recognize what's taking place inside your body. Look beyond just the price of SARMs to decide what you are mosting likely to utilize.

Lotions have a light-weight structure and a high portion of active ingredients, so they're a wonderful way to obtain a dosage of peptides, attempt Radical Skincare Advanced Peptide Antioxidant Lotion.

Extensive scientific study has proven that peptides can sustain your skin on numerous levels, for instance firming, relaxing as well as moistening the skin.

A copper peptide is a peptide, combined with a trace quantity of copper, which, when applied to skin can help to boost the healing procedure by providing copper where it's required to regrow broken skin.

Enroll in our newsletter to receive exclusive offers as well as professional skincare advice, plus get ₤ 5 off your next order.

A fine example is copper-- a naturally occurring mineral within our body that assists to bind collagen and also elastin with each other.

Our customer treatment team are skincare as well as product professionals and can guide you to the very best skin of your life.

Although the companies involved discuss a market worth $1bn, to achieve anything close to this value any product would certainly need to reveal exceptional efficacy and also it seems more probable a number of smaller sized products will certainly emerge. Given previous scientific experience it does appear more probable that development in this complicated illness will certainly be incremental. Taking a different approach is PsiOxus with MT-102, an anabolic catabolic changing agent. Patients are presently being hired for a double blind, sugar pill regulated stage II study in 132 individuals, with either intestines or non-small cell lung cancer cells. Information on endpoints including a six min walking test as well as stair climb must be offered next year; if positive the firm will look for a companion. In the meantime, data must emerge from the mid-stage pipeline, possibly from Acacia's APD209 before the end of the year.

Peptide Adjustments.

The item is a combination of two repurposed medications-- a beta 2 adrenoreceptor agonist and a progestogen agonist. The majority of cachexia study is being carried out in cancer clients but any type of effective medicine would also likely be used in problems such as kidney disease and chronic obstructive lung illness, where individuals regularly experience squandering. More comprehensive capacity also hinges on related conditions such as sarcopenia, muscular tissue throwing away in the elderly that is thought to affect a quarter of guys over the age of 60. Cachexia is mostly associated with cancer; rates differ with tumour types and the phase of the disease. For example, while around 80% of pancreatic cancer people are likely to suffer from losing it is no place near as typical in less aggressive tumour kinds.

Claim a fantastic product so you can get truth worth it needs to supply. All products detailed as well as provided via SteroidsUK are intended for research study purposes only. Products offered by SteroidsUK are not intended for usage in foodstuff or as any kind of medication.

New Items.

A big dose may be taken in one go as well as injecting can bring about major infection, specifically liver disease as well as HIV if injecting tools is shared so clean tools must always be made use of. Troubles such as rest conditions, complication, clinical depression and paranoia may additionally be experienced.

They are affordable and also conveniently accessible to suppress testosterone production. Study made it known that lots of people use the SARMs in the dosage variety in between 10 mg as well as 25mg. Landing on this page implies you may want to know a couple of aspects of pure SARMs. We would certainly choose a remedy to your search as well as reward you with outstanding top three pure SARMs for body building. There's no huge trick that the SARMs can function correctly to enhance body movement.

Types Of Ipeds.

Information that GTx will begin two phase III researches with its unique muscle wasting therapy, Ostarine, is motivating development for cachexia research. The problem afflicts a large proportion of cancer individuals as well as clients with lung as well as kidney illness, brings a substantial death risk as well as can drastically kink lifestyle, however has couple of reliable therapies.

Authorities are reacting extremely quickly and also catching scammers offering fake SARMs. Producers need to check each product in independent research laboratories, which need to give their consent for sporting activities supplements to appear on the marketplace. Without bring your BPC157 Spain to the future , customers may doubt the accuracy as well as security of the item and also deny it. Some SARMs had been evaluated years prior to they were authorized for usage. Although costliness is a loved one term, the majority of users will agree that the prices of SARMs are high.

Our products are not intended to treat, avoid, alleviate or cure any illness or medical condition and also are for research functions only. Raising awareness of the wellness results of PEIDs is an essential emphasis of ASADA Chief Executive Officer David Sharpe. One recent research paper located that youngsters given synthetic human development hormone go to substantially greater risk of developing cancer cells in the long term. Various other research study carried out on hormonal agent peptides has actually shown customers go to increased risk of hypertensive episodes, haemorrhage, water drunkenness as well as even fatality.

Immortal Scientific Research The Reaping Machine 120 Caps (ostarine).

Collect details, reviewed evaluations from other individuals, and also learn what the value is from each product. A badly made product isn't mosting likely to give you the results you desire.

What are antimicrobial proteins?

Abstract. Production of antimicrobial peptides and proteins is an important means of host defense in eukaryotes. The larger antimicrobial proteins, containing more than 100 amino acids, are often lytic enzymes, nutrient-binding proteins or contain sites that target specific microbial macromolecules.

Ibutamoren or MK 677 has been shown to raise IGF-1 levels by 60% in 6 weeks. It is a non-hormonal as well as consequently requires no PCT after the cycle is over. It will shine more-so if ran in conjunction with SARMS S-4 and also Cardarine (GW ). This would be similar to a SARMS three-way pile that is normally kept up Ostarine, except there is an opportunity of even more size being put on while cutting. To conclude, the pure SARMs are not restricted to the ones mentioned above, however the ones noted are the top 3 pure SURMs for muscle building. To understand more about various other health problems and its solutions, examine our platform for even more fascinating details. Ostrarine is just one of the best-knownproducts that are extensively used in this century.

So, Just How Can I Obtain Sufficient Collagen?

Besides, each kind of SARMs has its approach of usage and also numerous protocols to enhance productivity. You either dosage once or twice each day to execute its feature to contentment as well as integrity. If you disable this cookie, we will not have the ability to save your choices. This implies that every single time you see this website you will certainly need to allow or disable cookies again. Purely Needed Cookie ought to be made it possible for at all times to ensure that we can save your preferences for cookie setups. It means that buyers have correct security when purchasing sporting activities supplements, both online and offline.

Protein that can be toxic in the heart and nerves may help prevent Alzheimer's - EurekAlert

Protein that can be toxic in the heart and nerves may help prevent Alzheimer's.

Posted: Thu, 07 Jan 2021 16:45:52 GMT [source]

Popular brand names justify it with raised demand for these preparations as well as the higher rates of raw materials and also job. Yet, comparable to on the internet shopping is, many fraudulences occur online. If you do not wish to be scammed, make certain that online sale is lawful in your nation. Lastly, seek previous users and also examine their experiences with a particular supplier and items. The most safe way to get something is when you can inspect the item right away. When it comes to SARMs, one needs to recognize what to check, such as seals or how the print on the label was done. They ought to be well notified regarding products, brand names, as well as whatever else that interests them prior to buying.

For a few of one of the most powerful medications, the examinations were also pricey to perform at amateur level. Readus's wish to go quicker was at the root of his use of medications, and also a big part of the advantage was mental. Staite was as well old to transform specialist, and also even with the medicines he was a nation mile off the best in the sport. Despite how far from the elite they are, however, athletes who dope frequently appear to wish to make a step up to the next degree of speed as well as competitors, whatever it might be. Envision they're the same sort of medications that shamed bicyclist Lance Armstrong was banned for utilizing to win 7 Tour de France titles. Now imagine that a few of the fastest motorcyclists in this pleasant local competitors have actually utilized medicines to boost their efficiency. The British Army takes a zero-tolerance approach to compound misuse.

information BPC157 Canada ='border: black solid 1px;padding: 12px;'>

Peptides: What are they, uses, and side effects - Medical News Today

Peptides: What are they, uses, and side effects.

Posted: Wed, 16 Oct 2019 07:00:00 GMT [source]

Readus located that a lot of the recommendations about dosages as well as discovery he got was inaccurate, meaning some athletes failed medications tests despite all their efforts. For endurance athletes, the medications that were preferred 10 years earlier are still the ones that are preferred today. Ultimately EPO is just completely matched to boosting efficiency. Olympic biker as well as former doper David Millar identified the very same phenomenon-- vitamin injection became his entrance to medications.

There are lots of reasons why you ought to make use of just authentic SARMs items. Really frequently, the list of active ingredients found in these fakes is false. A study by PHI at Liverpool John Moores University-- Steroids and Picture Enhancing Medicines 2013 Survey Outcomes-- gives thorough information on the degree and attributes of making use of these drugs in the UK.

How many types of peptides are there?

There are five different types of peptides used as skin-care actives: signaling peptides, carrier peptides, enzyme-inhibiting peptides, neurotransmitter-inhibiting peptides and antimicrobial peptides. When skin is injured, proteases break down damaged tissue into different peptide fragments.

Mechano growth variable which is stemmed from IGF-1 as well as helps with tissue fixing and adaptation. Development hormones like AOD-9604, which has fat burning buildings as well as is utilized by professional athletes to boost power-to-weight ratios. Performance as well as image enhancing medications are taken by people who desire to improve their physical appearance and/or enhance their toughness and also showing off efficiency. Basically UKAD acts on tip-offs, just like police, with discussion forums and websites selling medications a main source for finding prospective culprits. Do not be fooled into thinking everything you review online is true, though.

Medications impact the fitness as well as dependability of service individuals as well as have a harsh effect on operational performance. Fail a medications examination, as well as you can anticipate to be discharged from the solution. Professionals such as physiotherapists suggest people on how to enhance muscles after an injury or procedure. They will assess the client and offer recommendations as well as instruct them in workouts that can be used to reinforce particular muscle mass teams. Muscle mass are attached to bones so strong muscles can sustain joints and various other components of the skeletal system. For individuals who wish to build the stamina of their muscular tissues for health and fitness gains, they might consult an individual trainer that can customize an exercise program to the private with objectives to safely function towards.

[pipsqueakparker]

i started thinking about how baz definitely has a skin & hair care routine and how ridiculous and extensive it probably is and then this happened whoops 

-- 

I knew Baz had some crazy specific daily routines while we were at Watford, he would spend upwards of an hour in the bathroom nearly every single morning, but I never really knew what they were.

I knew he had umpteen million posh, nice-smelling products that crowded the counter and left just enough room for my little tube of toothpaste, toothbrush, and exactly one bottle of shampoo and one bar of soap. But I never really knew what they were for.

And then I moved in with Penelope, and she only had half as many bottles and products in the bathroom, I wasn’t sure what to do with all of that extra space. Until Baz started haunting our door day and night, just as he promised, and started leaving some of his posh products at our place as well.

“‘For skin rejuvenation’,” I read off one of the bottles, sat on the bathroom counter and watching Baz rub the cream over his face. “What have you got to rejuvenate? You’re hardly twenty and you’re a vampire.”

“You and I both know twenty year olds with rough skin, Snow,” Baz starts, grabbing for another bottle. “And you were there the night we found Nicodemus. How many of those vampires could have benefitted from some proper skin care?” He pumps a dollop of the cream onto his hand and watches his own reflection as he massages it in. (He can see his reflection in the mirror. He was taking the piss that night he suggested he couldn’t, and I’ll never admit to another person how long it took for me to realize that.)

“You’ve great skin,” I tell him. I think he does at least. It’s not marred by moles and freckles and sun damage the way mine is, not that I’m that torn up over it. He is, though. Not in a ‘I’m Less Attracted To Your Terrible Skin’ way, but in a ‘You Could Be Doing Better’ way. He’s started making me wear sun cream daily, which is something I never considered. Obviously some SPF during the summer months made sense, and I typically didn’t forget it, but who knew the sun could be just as dangerous the rest of the year?

Baz knew. And I suppose that makes sense, he is a bit more sensitive to the sun than the rest of us.

But Baz’s skin doesn’t seem to have any flaws, at least none that I notice. His cheeks are smooth, soft, and even when we were younger and puberty had turned everyone around us into sweaty, hormonal, acne-ridden messes I can’t recall seeing a blemish. I figured it was a vampire thing, I had even added it to my list of reasons to believe he was a vampire.

“And why do you think that is?” Baz gestures to the bottles he’s got lined out in front of him.

“Well, I figured it was the vampire thing, didn’t I?” I mumble, but thanks to the vampire thing Baz hears me clearly and rolls his eyes. I immediately feel the need to defend myself, sitting one of his products down and raising my voice. “It wasn’t that outrageous a thought! Vampires are meant to be fit!”

“You think all dark creatures are fit,” he retorts. He’s moved on from his face, washes the residual cream from his hands and starts in on his hair, still damp from his shower.

“I do not,” I argue. Then, “S’not my fault a good lot of them are.”

“I knew you had a type, Snow, but I never realized it was exclusively non-human.”

“It’s not! I - You’re human. And Chris Hemsworth is properly fit, he’s human.” Baz bypasses my comment on his humanity entirely, he almost always does.

“‘Course you’d be a Hemsworth fan,” he mutters.

“You can’t tell me being a vampire has no additional benefits to your complexion.” I bring the point right back around, because for some reason this is the hill I’ve chosen today. I’m not sure what I want to prove exactly, perhaps just that I was right to use that as evidence of his condition all those years ago? Perhaps I just want to win an argument. “You’re potentially immortal, that has to affect your skin and aging, or whatever.”

“You know fuck-all about vampires.” He’s working a second foamy product into his hair, not looking at me. And he’s right, I know fuck-all about vampires. But neither does he.

“Neither do you.”

He does look at me now. “Snow, if one of us were going to be an expert on the subject, I’m fairly certain it would be me.”

He’s not upset, if anything he looks entertained by the conversation. The corner of his mouth keeps twitching, like he wants to smile, but he won’t. I wish he would, but seeing the proof that he wants to is enough, because talking about vampires and his being one specifically has never been easy. Even after I knew, and after he confirmed it, it wasn’t something he wanted to talk about hardly ever. But we’ve been working on that, and now he’s sometimes to a point of even joking about it.

I think he’s accepted it now, as much as he can, at least. It still upsets him sometimes, he still has his moments, but we’ve worked through them together. Because he’s had to come to terms with vampirism just as much as I’ve had to come to terms with being Normal, and somehow having each other through that has helped both of us. A lot.

“What’s all that for, then?” I ask, changing the subject back to his routine, gesturing to the stuff he’s working into his scalp.

“Some of us take pride in our appearance, Snow. You’d do well to follow suit.”

“Could you stop being a twat for, like, five minutes?” I roll my eyes. “You’ve always had all this posh shit all over our room, and you always take so much time to get ready, I’m just trying to - to bond with you, or something.”

“Or something?”

“Baz.” He’s so infuriating I want to knock every single of these products to floor, grab him by the collar, and kiss him breathless right here on the bathroom counter. I don’t because Penny is in the other room, and she probably would not appreciate Baz and I getting up to anything in a shared space. Again.

Baz holds up the first can he used. “Mousse, it helps with volume and is the only thing that gets my hair even close to matching the way yours just naturally bounces. Otherwise it’s just flat, which was fine when I was combing it back every day but someone told me they liked it better this way.”

I hum, a smile on my face, as I reach out to run my fingers through Baz’s hair. It’s surprisingly soft despite how much it looks like he puts in it, and still a bit wet, but I do like the way it falls around his face. I pull him closer, spreading my knees apart as he moves between them, right in front of me. His hands rest on my thighs and I bring my other hand up to gather his hair at the back of his head.

“I like when you wear it back, too, like in a little bun.” I say quietly. His face is close and I have to remind myself again that Penny is in the other room, it’s a hard fact to remember when I can feel Baz’s breath against my cheek. “Makes you look like a right hipster, doesn’t it? You could get us coffee and vinyls from one of those underground shops.”

“That’s your type then, man buns? Explains Hemsworth.”

I roll my eyes. “You’re my type, you fucking numpty.” I lean in and kiss him, Penny’s presence be damned. “Even if you waste your time trying to improve your already flawless vampire skin.”

He laughs against my lips. “You’re impossible.”

[rodgram38]

3d Hifu Facelift therapy

Labiaplasty, Vaginoplasty & Vaginal rejuvenation payment.

Content

You Can expect exceptional individual care From Our Talented consultants and Also Dedicated Nursing team.

Why pick The health Center team For Facelift surgery?

for How Long Does The treatment Take?

Uk Coolsculpting.com states.

man's and Also St Thomas' exclusive healthcare.

aesthetic Skin Centre.

Because exercise not only tightens the muscles, it likewise smooths your skin. Cellulite is the result of fat cells underneath the skin pushing upwards on its surface layer.

What can you not do after HIFU?

After-Care Guidelines – HIFU Neck and Face Lift Avoid caffeine and alcohol for 48 hours afterwards, even longer if possible for optimal results. No strenuous exercise for 24 to 48 hours to reduce any swelling that may have occurred during your treatment.

Every little thing from cigarette smoking, a bad diet plan and also absence of workout can be responsible for the dreaded orange peel. The arise from the self-reported aesthetic analogue scales from the topics themselves showed, as expected, that throughout month one there was no modification in the appearance of cellulite. Nevertheless, the outcomes showed that during month two, while the stockings were being used, there was a significant enhancement in the look of cellulite.

You Can anticipate superior client care From Our Talented professional and Also Dedicated Nursing group.

In our loosened up and friendly centers we give a superior level of client care. Using a really alternative approach to visual therapies, we believe in achieving natural looking results. wart removal is absolutely nothing much less than for our customers to leave us looking fresher and our proverb is 'Natural Looking Outcomes; A Fresher Looking You'. The practice of shot lipolysis for spot reduction of little areas of fat deposits is expanding extra prominent. Cavitation isn't uncomfortable, with patients experiencing just a minor warm sensation which is completely tolerable and also subsides at the end of the therapy.

Why choose The medical Facility team For Facelift surgery?

If not dealt with quickly, the infection can infect other components of the body, such as the blood, muscles as well as bones. Ginkgo Biloba aids to raise blood flow; Lemon Remove help to shield the wall surfaces of the capillary to prevent swelling.

Combined with organic rosemary extract to stimulate circulation as well as metabolic processes, toning ruscus remove, and skin-smoothing oils of revitalising apricot, vitamin-rich wheat-germ and restoring jojoba and also a rejuvenating citrus scent. This type of reliable home heating and also vacuum promotes the growth of new collagen as well as elastin which causes the decrease of skin laxity, body quantity as well as a total renovation in skin structure and structure. Nonetheless, listed below we've focused on the non-invasive options as well as advised products that have actually verified cause removing cellulite, or at the very least a lot of it.

how Much Time Does The treatment Take?

The orange peel skin that typically appears on our bum and thighs can be a headache, however it is very important to understand that it's common. Hypotonic Cellulite normally starts to appear between the ages of 35 and 45 and also impacts the reduced thighs as well as in some cases all-time low. This sort of cellulite gives the look of a drooping upper leg when it just impacts the upper thigh.

Uk Coolsculpting.com claims.

Can HIFU cause nerve damage?

FRIDAY, Dec. 15, 2017 (HealthDay News) -- High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment for skin laxity can cause facial nerve injury, according to a case study published online Nov. 22 in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology.

Achieving major enhancements will take time, uniformity and a mix of way of living changes. If you remove the cellulite however do not take care of the negative flow it will certainly appear again. Adipocytes comprise fat, the area where energy is kept as fat.

man's and Also St Thomas' personal medical Care.

That's right, you can remove cellulite simply by putting on clothes! Smart Leggings are among numerous on the market developed to easily fight dimples.

This renovation was statistically considerable even in the small number of clients entailed. The arise from month 3 were really intriguing and revealed that there was a continued improvement in the appearance of cellulite after the stockings had actually been discarded. Consequently the objective of this research study was to analyze whether the particular 'micro-massage ridge technology' anti-cellulite compression stockings work in decreasing the appearance of cellulite. You can figure out more regarding skin-tightening products and also their effects here. A scrub with coffee grounds likewise purifies and promotes the circulation in the cells. Biking, jogging and the step device are your allies on the route to good-looking skin.

We will certainly have the ability to offer you a quote throughout your appointment.

The only therapy that I have actually seen results with is the Lipofirm Pro!

In the past I've attempted all type of systems to aid with my stretch marks and also reduce and tighten my infant stubborn belly after the birth of my youngsters.

The size of the treatment area and the strategy chosen impacts the period of the HIFU treatment session, which can range between 30 and also 90 mins.

After checking out the center the therapist told me that as a result of absence of motion, my flow has slowed down and I have established cellulite.

Some light swelling, tingling or tenderness might take place momentarily.

Less usual impacts include slight bruising and also skin sensitivity.

If a person is leaner, there is less fat, but they can still have cellulite," included Lucy. To help get to the base of this, we have actually spoken with professionals to reveal what causes cellulite and the science of cellulite elimination. It's far more common than you could think, as well as it doesn't just affect individuals that are obese-- far from it. My cellulite has actually greatly minimized, to the extent I no more really feel awkward concerning it and also happily wear shorts and little outfits. I've also worked out more than I may or else have done, primarily brisk strolling and also swimming in the river near my home-- Kate urges aerobic activity that targets locations prone to cellulite like the hips as well as bum.

How does HIFU face lift work?

HIFU makes use of ultrasonic energy to penetrate deep below the skin and fat layers of the face to gently but effectively target connective tissue. HIFU has a tightening effect on the loose connective tissue, restoring firmness to areas of sagging skin and resulting in a visible lifting effect.

Depending upon the stimuli that the adipocytes receive, they will increase and also store even more fat or reduction and shop less fat. Genes have a lot to do with cellulite, therefore it's less complicated for some to decrease cellulite than others. Response 5 questions to discover your skin as well as uncover our ideal items for you. B-Calm-- An innovative dermocosmetic range to decrease the symptoms of exceptionally sensitive skin as well as rosacea. Some high power ultrasound treatments might function well also, while the reduced varieties are not really reliable.

When it influences the bottom, bottoms take on a heavy, sagging appearance. Grade 1 - No noticeable cellulite, even when the skin is pinched. There are 4 different grades of cellulite as well as there are unique cellulite medical diagnosis plates which, when hung on the skin, tell us the quality to ensure that we understand exactly how best to treat it. Cellulite is a general term that covers several sorts of skin problem. Given that cellulite has actually now ended up being something of a warm topic, we asked skincare expert Jill Zander to fill us in on whatever you ever before needed to learn about cellulite. His Greetings Britain coworker Susanna Reid stuck up for Kim, calling on women to celebrate their curves as well as if they have cellulite, to not hesitate to show it.

The treatment can be used for the thighs and butts, abdomen, flanks as well as arms. It is advised that you have 6-8 treatments at once a week periods to acquire the most effective possible results. Below is a short overview of the treatments we offer here at Aesthetic appeals of Liverpool, you can find out more about each treatment type by clicking the web link to go through fully page on our site. Also a few of the most toned, healthy and fit women suffer with the issue of cellulite and also wish frantically to be free of it. 90% of females will suffer with cellulite eventually during their lives.

' An artificial radiance is amazing for smoothing over the appearance of cellulite; it's an instant confidence increase' she claims. ' Operate in firm, circular motions from your feet upwards to work with the all-natural direction of blood circulation.

We recommendGermaine de Capuccini's Slim Accuracy Anti-cellulite Solution. Sadly, there's no quick solution for dealing with cellulite long-term.

Skin may go a little pink however it's a sign the blood is rushing to the surface, striving because cellulite battle'. In limited-time offer , specialists say that between 80 and 90 percent of females experience cellulite, and that it's not an indicator of being obese-- slim individuals are often affected also.

3JUVE ® The ultimate fractional laser resurfacing, IPL and also radiofrequency equipment using the most in-demand face skin rejuvenation treatments in the sector. She likewise recommends a fake tan to make you really feel much more certain.

The lymph system is additionally affected by hormones, particularly progesterone and oestrogen, which is why cellulite can come to be a lot more obvious in ladies throughout the age of puberty, menopause and maternity. So I'm curious concerning what Kate, the 56-year-old British owner of popular leg-care brand Legology, assures is her brand-new, less 'negative' means to decrease cellulite substantially.

[aaronleong]

Musings On The 2020 Chanel Price Increase

Wednesday, May 25, 2020

A Chanel boutique at 31 Rue Cambon, Paris. Photo: CloverSac.

Gossip of a global price increase for Chanel began circling around the Purseblog forum weeks before the hike in May. There was plenty of speculation among the ladies on the percentage increase this time but more resonating was a protest over the timing in such a situation as now. 

People queue to enter the Chanel boutique at a department store in Seoul, South Korea, May 13, 2020. Photo: Reuters

The global price increase started in the second week of May, with Europe getting its revised prices on the 11th, followed by Asia on the 14th and finally the USA on the 25th. 

Regarding this increase, Chanel stated in an email to Reuters that “these adjustments are made while ensuring that we avoid excessive price differentials between countries, in line with our commitments regarding price harmonisation.”

Classic and Reissue price comparison between 2019 and 2020. 

I will solely be focusing on the Classics and Reissue models throughout this critique as they were affected heaviest by the price hike. Although the WOC and Boy models were also impacted, they hovered below a 10% raise, making the increase not unusual from the standard annual price increase year over year. The United States was affected the least by the increase in prices, never climbing over 12%. However, Europe and Australia was hit the hardest with skyrocketing increases over 15%. While the price differences across the 3 continents are now closer compared to 2019 prices, sales tax and VAT has not been factored in yet. 

A 3 year price history of the Mini Square Flap.

A perfect example is seen above, looking at the price history for the Mini Square Flap over a 3 year period. The most striking increase would be a steep 31% raise for Australia. However, such a drastic disparity in pricing is to be expected with a harmonisation strategy, considering the weaker Australian Dollar in comparison to the Euro Dollar. 

While Chanel has given its official statement regarding this year’s price increase and owing it to a global price harmonisation, I still harboured suspicions about a subtle reasoning behind their increase. It is not to say that this is the first time that the storied French maison has chosen to conduct its annual price increase in May. However, the last increase in May took place in 2017, with the consecutive 2 yearly increases occurring in November. 

I will be taking a look at two plausible reasons behind the raise which arrived at the height of an ongoing pandemic worldwide.

Covid-19 And Its Effects

Megs Mahoney, editor at Purseblog, speculated before the official raise that this year’s substantial increase was a recovery strategy enacted by Chanel due to the ongoing crisis. After all, the French luxury brand had made the decision to halt all retail and manufacturing operations, instead transforming its production towards hygiene equipment. The multi billion dollar corporation had also opted out of the French government’s partial unemployment assistance, choosing to personally fund the salary of its employees working from home. 

My issue towards this speculation is this - no matter how well intentioned they may be, why should consumers pay for the brand’s altruistic decisions? Chanel isn’t a new startup or independent designer that is financially struggling during this economy downturn. This is a multi billion dollar corporation we are addressing here. Are we as consumers going to reap the share of profits when the brand performs well? No. Prices will not be reducing either. If anything, this speculation is akin to a millionaire organising a fundraiser on social media and requesting the public to donate. 

However, WWD reached out to Chanel seeking clarification and the brand had responded that “the current situation has absolutely no link with this decision (price increase).” That being said, it looks like any speculation on the economy’s influence on the price hike is right out the window. 

Misaligned quilted diamonds on the Classic Flap in black caviar. Photo: Purseblog

Investing Into Higher Quality

“Like other luxury brands, Chanel is making financial efforts to secure its supply of very high-quality skins by investing in the supply chain and acquiring suppliers. These investments are essential to guarantee the longevity of such iconic products [and to keep them] up to the standard’s Chanel’s clients expect,” Chanel continued in its email to WWD. Chanel has stated that the brand is investing to maintain its product standards. It’s no secret among the handbag community that the brand’s quality and workmanship has deteriorated. Customers on handbag forums have cited poor stitching, malfunctioning hardware and shoddy handiwork that does not justify the ever rising premium prices. With new supply chain investments, the least Chanel could do would be to improve the quality of its products, especially for the handbag line. 

A New Alignment In 2020

“We also take great care to maintain the positioning of our creations as the highest in quality and the ultimate in luxury. We wish to retain our unique place in the eyes and hearts of our clients, and therefore offer rare and exceptional products. All of this adds value,” Chanel continued in its statement to WWD. I believe that the last sentence holds the true reason behind the sharp rise in prices - a realignment of the brand’s market positioning. 

3 year price comparison between the Reissue 227 and Birkin 30.

With prices soaring after this year’s revised prices, Chanel is borderline in the Hermes price range, albeit without the legendary exclusivity and resale value that Hermes is renowned for. Women on handbag forums have compared the new prices of the Maxi Flap and Reissue 227 to the current price of a Birkin 30 in Togo leather. I was curious to see how the prices differentiated over the years and I decided to track both bags over a 3 year period. 2018 and 2019 still saw a huge disparity between both handbags and it was only this year that the gap narrowed significantly by only €650. 

Having the audacity to conduct its annual price increase during the height of a global economy downturn is certainly a bold move for Chanel. Women may be fussing for now but the allure of the brand will always be there and they will soon be purchasing again. Chanel knows that. A small majority of handbag lovers like myself may stop purchasing new Chanel bags altogether. Of course, the brand isn’t affected in any way but we know better. Chanel has pretty big shoes to fill as they enter a new price range. Or they might just not care at all about the fine details. After all, the elite and rich never scrutinise that deep. We shall see.