#that's because history is dumb

[charlesoberonn]

List of Roman Emperors and how many future emperors were born during their reign

"?" is for emperors whose birthdate is unclear, they'd be listed under every possible option

Emperors with no known birthdate won't be counted towards any reign

A lot of the reigns overlap (especially after the Empire is divided between east and west) so some emperors are born during the reign of several previous emperors

Republican Era: 2. Augustus, Tiberius

Agustus (40 years): 5. Caligula, Claudius, Galba, Vitellius, Vespasian

Tiberius (22 years): 2. Otho, Nerva

Caligula (4 years): 2. Nero, Titus

Claudius (14 years): 2. Domitian, Trajan

Nero (14 years): 0.

Galba (7 months): 0.

Otho (3 months): 0.

Vitellius (8 months): 0.

Vespasian (10 years): 1. Hadrian

Titus (2 years): 0.

Domitian (15 years): 1. Antoninus Pius

Nerva (1 year): 0.

Trajan (20 years): 0.

Hadrian (21 years): 4. Marcus Aurelius, Lucius Verus, Pertinax, Didius Julianus

Antoninus Pius (23 years): 2. Septimius Severus, Gordian I

Marcus Aurelius (19 years): 3-4. Commodus, Macrinus, Maximunus Thrax?, Pupienus

Lucius Verus (8 years): 2. Commodus, Macrinus

Commodus (13 years): 4-6. Caracalla, Geta, Maximinus Thrax?, Gordian II, Balbinus, Decius?

Pertinax (3 months): 0.

Didius Julianus (2 months): 0.

Septimius Severus (18 years): 6-8. Elagabalus, Severus Alexander, Philip the Arab, Decius?, Trebonianus Gallus, Aemilianus, Valerian, Tacitus?

Caracalla (6 years): 2. Claudius Gothicus, Aurelian

Geta (1 year): 0.

Macrinus (1 year): 0-1. Gallienus?

Elagabalus (4 years): 0-1. Gallienus?

Severus Alexander (13 years): 2-3. Gordian III, Probus, Carus?

Maximinus Thrax (3 years): 0.

Gordian I (1 month): 0.

Gordian II (1 month): 0.

Pupienus (3 months): 0.

Balbinus (3 months): 0.

Gordian III (5 years): 1. Diocletian

Philip the Arab (6 years): 0.

Decius (2 years): 0-3. Carinus?, Maximian?, Constantius I?

Trebonian Gallus (2 years): 0.

Aemilianus (2 months): 0.

Valerian (7 years): 2. Numerian, Galerius

Gallienus (15 years): 1. Licinius

Claudius Gothicus (2 years): 0.

Aurelian (5 years): 2. Maximinus II, Constantine I

Tacitus (7 months): 0.

Florianus (3 months): 0.

Probus (6 years): 0.

Carus (10 months): 0-1. Maxentius?

Carinus (2 years): 0-1. Maxentius?

Numerian (1 year): 0-1. Maxentius?

Diocletian (20 years): 0.

Maximian (21 years): 0.

Galerius (6 years): 0.

Constantius I (1 year): 0.

Severus II (8 months): 0.

Maxentius (6 years): 0.

Licinius (15 years): 4. Constantine II, Constans I, Constantius II, Valentinian I

Maximinus II (3 years): 0.

Constantine I (31 years): 7. Constantine II, Constans I, Constantius II, Julian, Jovian, Valentinian I, Valens

Constantine II (3 years): 0.

Constans I (12 years): 1. Theodosius I

Constantius II (24 years): 2. Gratian, Theodosius I

Julian (2 years): 0.

Jovian (8 months): 0.

Valentinian I (12 years): 1. Valentinian II

Valens (14 years): 2. Valentinian II, Arcadius

Gratian (8 years): 1. Arcadius

Valentinian II (4 years): 0.

Theodosius I (16 year): 2. Honorius, Marcian

Arcadius (13 years): 2. Theodosius II, Leo I

Honorius (29 years): 2. Theodosius II, Leo I

Theodosius II (42 years): 3-4. Valentinian III, Zeno, Anastasius I, Justin?

Constantius III (7 months): 0.

Valentinian III (29 years): 1-2. Zeno?, Anastasius I

Marcian (6 years): 0-1. Justin I?

Petronius Maximus (2 months): 0.

Avitus (1 year): 0.

Majorian (4 years): 0.

Leo I (17 years): 1. Leo II

Libius Severus (4 years): 0-1. Romulus Augustulus?

Anthemius (5 years): 1. Leo II

Olybrius (7 months): 0.

Glycerius (1 year): 0.

Leo II (10 months): 0.

Julius Nepos (6 years): 0.

Zeno (16 years): 1. Justinian I 

Basiliscus (2 years): 0.

Romulus Augustulus (10 months): 0.

Anastasius I (27 years): 0.

Justin I (9 years): 0.

Justinian I (39 years): 3. Tiberius II, Maurice, Phocas

Justin II (13 years): 1. Heraclius

Tiberius II (4 years): 0.

Maurice (20 years): 0.

Phocas (8 years): 0.

Heraclius (30 years): 3. Constantine III, Heraclonas, Constans II

Constantine III (3 months): 0.

Heraclonas (9 months): 0.

Constans II (27 years): 1. Constatine IV

Constantine IV (17 years): 1-2. Justinian II, Leo III?

Justinian II (16 years, non-consecutive): 0-1. Leo III?

Leontius (3 years): 0.

Tiberius III (7 years): 0.

Philippicus (2 years): 0.

Anastasius II (2 years): 0.

Theodosius III (2 years): 0.

Leo III (24 years): 1. Constantine V

Constantine V (34 years): 6-7. Leo IV, Constantine VI, Irene, Nikephoros I, Michael I, Leo V?, Michael II

Leo IV (5 years): 0-1. Leo V?

Constantine VI (17 years): 0-1. Staurakios?

Irene (5 years): 0-1. Staurakios?

Nikephoros I (9 years): 0-1. Basil I?

Staurakios (2 months): 0-1. Basil I?

Michael I (2 years): 0-2. Theophilos?, Basil I?

Leo V (7 years): 0-1. Theophilos?

Michael II (9 years): 0.

Theophilos (12 years): 1-2. Michael II, Basil I?

Michael III (26 years): 1. Leo VI

Basil I (19 years): 2. Alexander, Romanos I

Leo VI (26 years): 1-2. Constantine VII, Nikephoros II?

Alexander (1 year): 0-1. Nikephoros II?

Constantine VII (46 years): 3. Romanos II, John I, Basil II

Romanos I (24 years): 2. Romanos II, John I

Romanos II (3 years): 1. Constantine VIII

Nikephoros II (6 years): 1. Romanos III

John I (6 years): 0.

Basil II (50 years): 9. Michael IV, Michael V, Zeo, Theodora, Constantine IX, Michael VI, Isaac I, Constantine X, Nikephoros III

Constantine VIII (3 years): 0.

Romanos III (5 years): 1. Romanos IV

Michael IV (8 years): 0.

Michael V (4 months): 0.

Zoe (2 months): 0.

Theodora (2 years): 0.

Constantine IX (13 years): 1. Michael VII

Michael VI (1 year): 0-1. Alexios I?

Isaac I (2 years): 0-1. Alexios I?

Constantine X (7 years): 0.

Romanos IV (4 years): 0.

Michael VII (6 years): 0.

Nikephoros III (8 years): 0.

Alexios I (37 years): 1-2. John II, Andronikos I?

John II (25 years): 4-5. Manuel I, Andronikos I?, Isaac II, Alexios III, Alexios V

Manuel I (37 years): 2. Alexios II, Theodore I,

Alexios II (3 years): 1. Alexios IV

Andronikos I (2 years): 0.

Isaac II (10 years): 1. John III

Alexios III (8 years): 0.

Alexios IV (6 months): 0.

Alexios V (2 months): 0.

Theodore I (16 years): 0-1. Theodore II?

John III (33 years): 2-3. Theodore II?, John IV, Michael VIII

Theodore II (4 years): 0.

John IV (3 years): 0.

Michael VIII (24 years): 2. Andronikos II, Michael IX

Andronikos II (45 years): 2. Andronikos III, John VI

Michael IX (26 years): 1. Andronikos III

Andronikos III (13 years): 1. John V

John V (50 years): 3. Andronikos IV, John VII, Manuel II

John VI (8 years): 2. Andronikos IV, Manuel II

Andronikos IV (3 years): 0.

John VII (5 years): 0.

Manuel II (34 years): 2. John VIII, Constantine XI

John VIII (23 years): 0.

Constantine XI (4 years): 0.

[radlymona]

Does anyone else hate that meme about only boys thinking about the Roman Empire and girls (and some gay men) gleefully being like “I only think about [insert current pop culture trend]”.

And it’s like continuing the meme that boys are intelligent beings, interested in history while girls are just…not

This coupled with the girl math thing, and also the “boys when they time travel vs. girls” and overall bimbofication trend. We’e going back in time where pretending to be stupid and vapid was the norm and it just alienates women who are proud of their intelligence even more from other women

[hoelandah]

I wish I could study the whole "no sympathy for Homelander" phenomenon among viewers because...

Either people think you have more control over your life's path then we think at a very malleable age and enduring extreme trauma or people really don't be watching the show.

Like I get Kripke's deal: he's a shitlib riding the popularity of "orange man bad." Amazon is likely also in on that marketing. It's bad branding meeting mediocre writing at the end of the day.

But the audience... it's there in the text that this dude had no chance to be anything except what he is. You, as the viewer, know for a fact that he was ruined before he ever reached his teens but yet everyone's holding him responsible for his actions as if he lived a perfectly normal life then decided to turn evil at 40. I know what the show is implying but do you not remember the actual canon??? The text???? The literal described series of events?????

And then the other people are Nazis.

I do not understand how people were surprised by the US's election results.

[thecultstuff]

Fiddleford made him a snow globe and knit him a pair of gloves but forgot to get his own WIFE a Christmas gift. Alex Hirsch do you WANT me to jump off a bridge????

[al-luviec]

juvie buddies

[factsilike]

One of the things I very much hate about modern AUs in MDZS is how the fic writers Americanise everything about the characters until the only thing Asian about them is their name.

[deadpanwalking]

I’m… neither of the previous anons, but— twentieth century history, if you would?

Still way too broad, but I don't have any fight left in me. The Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of America's Great Migration by Isabel Wilkerson is one of the best history books of the past few decades. If it had just been the sum total of fifteen years of oral histories (over a thousand, iirc) and rigorous archival research—dayenu!—it would have still impressed, but Wilkerson took all those interviews and distilled them into the personal narratives of three different African Americans who left the South during the Great Migration; if she had only given us their stories and presented the research and historical perspective in the context of this barely recognized 70 year migration of six million people—dayenu!—it would have still been a massive achievement; but Wilkerson also put the Great Migration into larger contexts, constantly reflecting the way it shapes the present and future.

[bardicious]

Putting this in it's own post, but SO sick of the narrative bringing up Sam not looking for Dean in purgatory. Like, seriously, this show needs to shut the fuck up with this bs. I have very much two ways of looking at this:

Sam didn't know Dean was in Purgatory, man BLEW up, and presumably died. Sam was left ALL alone after Dean disappeared. Sam who only a few months before was on the verge of insanity, who barely recovered from his cage trauma. So Sam has a mental break down, my personal headcanon is that he made Amelia and the dog up to cope. But even if he didn't do that than he was still using Amelia and the dog to cope with his brother's death. He literally left the hunter life completely, presumably because he couldn't handle it. And I honestly think he would have died if he kept going.

Removing these scenarios, if people are so obsessed with Sam just hitting a dog and shacking up with it's vet, ignoring ALL Sam's mental issues, let's say Sam just did all of that, abandoned Dean because he so obviously didn't care about Dean, didn't even try to find him, all because they promised they wouldn't, do y'all realize how fucking out of character that is? Y'all realize how bad that writing is? It's actually insane. It's not something Sam would do in his right mind.

It's why I completely ignore fics that focus on Sam actually looking for Dean, personally I love the cage trauma inserting itself so bad that Sam has to find a way to not just shoot himself in the head. Find that kind of story fun. So we're either dealing with Sam was severely mentally ill and couldn't look for Dean, OR it's bad fucking writing. Bad writing that the showrunners could not get over. And god, it's SO aggravating.

[whenthegoldrays]

The thing about the Maria and Henry scandal is that it was so stupidly avoidable. Over and over again, they were given the opportunity to not do what they did. Sir Thomas gave Maria full agency to go back on her engagement when he saw that she didn’t love Rushworth, but she didn’t. Henry didn’t need to go to London and see Maria, but he did. Maria was cold to him because she wanted nothing more to do with him and he didn’t walk away. He pressed on. He didn’t even want to have an affair — he was in love with Fanny! He had exactly zero need to fall in with Maria again and yet he did. And she gave the final push. It’s like a Greek tragedy. At once so avoidable and so unavoidable.

[sscrambledmeggss]

my literature class is incredibly tiny (there’s only seven people. the professor spent like all of winter break thinking it would be canceled), so what i’m trying to insinuate is: i hope we don’t turn into a tiny pretentious cult and push one of our friends off a cliff during a accidentally snowy day

[ms-newvegas]

There are many women who have no idea how much strangers on Reddit have saved their relationship by stopping their boyfriend from doing the stupidest shit imaginable

[rise-my-angel]

I need this show to ask themselves how on earth centuries of history were all remembered as the same stories that were eventually the same stories lied about by maesters spreading pro green propaganda, when the in universe book of Fire and Blood did not exist for so many centuries after the Dance, that the man who wrote it was alive during Robert Baratheons reign.

Were the maesters even then, holding every Targaryean at knifepoint forcing them to spew out history literally everyone would know was not true just in case one man in 200 years future wanted to write a fucking propaganda book about it?

Did Rhaenyras own descendants just willingly spreading pro green propaganda too?

[enyoalkis]

I think about sometimes how 2000s Scarlett Johansson would've been better cast as Catherine Howard in a different Tudor drama than Mary Boleyn in The Other Boleyn Girl if you believe the Portrait of a Young Woman, by Hans Holbein the Younger, is Catherine.

[storywestistrash]

i am actually so tired of the way westerners treat eastern europeans

[childofthestone]

its not a lie to say that veilguard takes the themes from every previous dragon age game and absolutely butchers them to pieces i dont think

[frmulcahy]

Finally trying to edit/rewrite my old paper on man proposes god disposes to make a video essay out of it… have you considered that I am actually a fraud and an idiot