#invalides monument
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INVALIDES, Paris, France
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FROM : blueiceheart2 - INVALIDES, Paris, France
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24 mai 1670 : Louis XIV crée l’Hôtel des Invalides par ordonnance royale ➽ http://bit.ly/Hotel-Invalides Destiné à recevoir des soldats blessés, estropiés de la guerre ou vieillis dans le service qui jusque-là trop souvent s’adonnaient au vagabondage, l’Hôtel des Invalides est créé par Louis XIV, la construction de l’édifice étant confiée à l’architecte Libéral Bruant entre 1671 et 1676
#CeJourLà#24Mai#Hôtel#Invalides#ordonnance#royale#roi#LouisXIV#monument#édifice#architecte#Bruant#Mansart#soldats#pensionnaires#guerre#musée#armée#histoire#france#history#passé#past#français#french#news#événement#newsfromthepast
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Paris
#europe#france#paris#grand palais#tour eiffel#les Invalides#pont alexandre iii#la seine#le louvre#monuments#architecture
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100 years ago:
Angels standing guard around Napoleon Bonaparte’s tomb. Paris, France
#tombeau#carte postale#invalides#paris#postcard#tomb#architecture#france#patrimoine#europe#photo#french#old#vintage#monument#photography#napoleon
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Unexpected Events
Author’s Note: When I presented the prompt, this request came first so sorry to Malleus requests. I may do one later. Also I absolutely love indie or alternative style jewelry. As much as jewels are lovely and pretty, I like the interesting shapes or designs of them. For those who need a mental visual, imagine hot topic’s silver looking rings that are sold in packs.
Pairing: Azul x GN! Reader
Warning: newly wedded, You/ your pronouns, and reader is gender neutral. We’re going to act like both (YN) and Azul are 18. Also (Y/N) is a second year and a childhood friend.
��Potato, what is that?”
“Hm?” You are brought out of your thoughts and look at your hand. “A ring? I wear a few rings.”
“Obviously,” Vil rolled his eyes. “But why are you wearing one on your marriage finger?”
“Maybe (Y/N) got proposed to by a distant prince or suitor?” Kalim chimed in.
“Pssh as if.” Leona grumbled.
“I also wonder why you’re wearing a ring on your ring finger.” Riddle added. “It sticks out of the ones you wear.”
“I saw it and liked it. I may not have expensive rings like Vil or Leona, but this one caught my eye, and it just happens to fit this finger.” you answered, waving off their suspicion.
The only reason that you were wearing one was due to a foolish decision that you made when you were younger and didn't fully know the laws on marriage for Merpeople. This was only brought to your attention recently.
There was a furious banging on your door, and you opened it to be welcomed by immediate dried rice being thrown at you which you immediately closed your eyes.
"Congratulations, shrimpy!" You heard Floyd cheer.
"We're so fortunate to have witnessed such a monumental event." Jade chuckled.
"What?" You exclaim, opening your eyes and brushing the stray rice off of you. "Why did you throw rice at me? What do you mean by monumental event?"
"I've been told by clownfish that people throw rice at married people." Floyd explained.
"I'm not married though and those are at weddings." You respond as your eyes narrowed in suspicion. "Why are you two here exactly?"
"To deliver this to you," Jade presented an envelope to you. "Azul told us to deliver this to you."
You carefully take the envelope before opening it and taking out the paper then begin reading or skimming the page. Yet one line stood out.
As of this year, the Coral Sea government now recognizes your marriage to Azul - is valid.
….
…
"What?!" You yelled as you reread the line before closing your door and making your way to your alleged husband as the twins followed.
As the meeting started, you were somewhat listening as you fidgeted with the octopus ring. There were several topics that were touched on as it was school related. When I was acknowledged, you just replied with uh huh.
"You're not even listening." Azul spat.
"I don't need to because it's always the same with you. Poor unfortunate souls and shady deals followed by you going on about who knows what." You retort back.
“You both bicker like an old married couple.” Leona groaned, causing Kalim to laugh and Vil to chuckle.
That comment made you think back to how you confronted Azul.
I busted through the door as Floyd whined about how he didn't have any more rice to throw. Jade only chuckled and pulled his brother away, leaving Azul and you alone.
"I see you got the news about our current endeavor." Azul calmly stated as you closed the door. “It would appear that we are married.”
"We don't have a marriage license." I pointed it out, thinking that would change anything. “Wouldn’t that make it invalid?”
“They already did a background check on us and delivered us one.” He slid the piece of paper over you which showed the government issued marriage license.
"Tax write off and other benefits we can both enjoy." Azul corrected.
"How are you calm about this?" You question him, glaring at him suspiciously.
"As I said, it is beneficial for both of us and when one of us decides to split, then we can just divorce." Azul repeated calmly which fell off in a way, yet you agreed with that arrangement.
It's never that simple with Azul. One thing you learned from your friendship was always read between the lines. Especially when it came to Azul.
Only Jade and Floyd knew about the marriage between you two. Jade would stop Floyd before letting it slip too far if you all are around others in public. There is the occasional bickering, but nothing to the point that either of you say anything extremely hurtful to one another. Eventually, the marriage thing slipped both of your minds and you went about your normal day to day lives.
You were scrolling through Magicam as you looked at endless posts that had rings that would be considered funky or strange and would fall under the indie style category. You saved a few to look at later. You didn’t know that Azul caught a glance over your shoulder and remembered that you would always wear a few rings that sat on the base of your fingers and a few thin knuckle ones. All the rings you wore were more indie than anything. Tasteful and interesting yet nothing too crazy.
One night, you were sitting in Azul's office, studying since it was the only place that was quiet enough and no one would think you were off the top of their head. While you studied, Azul was working on contracts at his desk as you both enjoyed doing your own thing while still being in the same room.
As you were in the middle of reading a page, you heard Azul clear his throat and look up to see him set a small black box on the table.
“I noticed that you have a certain taste in rings, and I saw this one. It reminded me of you.” He explained sheepishly, even though he tried hiding his reluctance. You both held eye contact in silence for a few seconds before he went back to working on his contracts, leaving you to your own devices.
You looked at the ring and it was simple, yet it had a unique flare to it. Looking back to see Azul went back to being busy. You slip it on and quietly walk over closer to him so that you can see the small wrinkle in his nose he gets when he's focused.
You lean over and kiss his cheek, catching him off guard.
"Awe you still look so cute when you blush." You lightly tease, making his cheek get rosy.
"I'm not cute.” He grumbled as he went back to work where you noticed a slight outline under his glove, particularly on his ring finger, making you chuckle.
Maybe being married to him for now wouldn't be so bad.
#twisted wonderland x reader#twst x reader#twisted wonderland x mc#twst azul x reader#azul x reader#azul ashengrotto x reader#twisted wonderland azul#azul ashengrotto
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Pont Alexandre III, Paris, France: The Pont Alexandre III is a deck arch bridge that spans the Seine in Paris. It connects the Champs-Élysées quarter with those of the Invalides and Eiffel Tower. The bridge is widely regarded as the most ornate, extravagant bridge in the city. It has been classified as a French monument historique since 1975. Wikipedia
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Daniel Villarreal at LGBTQ Nation:
A completed draft Texas Republican Party platform refers to homosexuality as “an abnormal lifestyle choice,” gender-affirming care as “child abuse,” and Drag Queen Story Hour as “predatory sexual behavior.” The platform has been voted on by state party delegates and will be formally adopted on Wednesday after a final vote count. The list of state party priorities calls for an end to legal same-sex marriages, same-sex parenting, all LGBTQ+ anti-discrimination laws, all transgender rights — including gender-affirming care for children and adults — a ban on LGBTQ+ content in schools and libraries, the defunding of all diversity-equity-inclusion (DEI) initiatives, and legal protections for anyone who discriminates against queer people based on “religious or moral beliefs.”
Furthermore, the Texas GOP platform calls for a complete end to all of the following: pornography, federal welfare programs, minimum wage laws, mandatory sick or family leave policies, net neutrality, removal of Confederate monuments, pro-immigrant sanctuary cities, public education of undocumented children, no-fault divorce, non-abstinence sex education, abortion, birthright citizenship, professorial tenure in colleges and universities, cannabis legalization, anti-climate change legislation, contact tracing for the tracking of communicable diseases, federal regulations ensuring safe farm food production, and U.S. participation in the United Nations and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The platform also calls for fertilized human egg cells to be legally recognized as people, the passage of a “state electoral college-style” law that would make it nearly impossible for Democrats to win statewide office, a ballot measure for Texas to secede from the United States, the invalidation of all federal laws not approved of by county sheriffs, and for Christianity to be inserted into public schools and government buildings.
[...] “Homosexuality is an abnormal lifestyle choice,” it continues. “No one should be granted special legal status based on their LGBTQ+ identification…. We are opposed to same-sex parenting, intentionally subjecting a child to the loss of their biological father or mother, and other non-traditional definitions of family.” “We oppose all efforts to validate transgender identity,” it adds. “There shall be no attempt to engage in so-called ‘gender affirming’ medical or mental health intervention for persons between the ages of 18 and 26,” including the use of names and pronouns associated with trans people’s genders. The platform would require health insurance companies covering gender-affirming care to also fully fund de-transitional procedures. The platform says that any professionals who aid a minor’s gender transition in any way should face professional, civil, and criminal penalties, as well as lawsuits from anyone affected by their behavior. Furthermore, it calls for all gender-segregated facilities in prisons, schools, and government buildings to only be accessible to people based on their biological sex assigned at birth.
[...] It also calls for laws prohibiting the exposure of minors to “social transitioning” (that is, exploration of a gender other than the one they were assigned at birth), “predatory sexual behaviors” like Drag Queen Story Hour, and “the desensitization of children to sexual topics.”
The Texas GOP's platform reaffirms and expands its war on LGBTQ+ Texans, such as including anti-LGBTQ+, anti-trans, and anti-drag planks like baselessly calling Drag Queen Story Hours "predatory sexual behaviors" and gender-affirming care "child abuse".
This is in addition to calling homosexuality "an abnormal lifestyle choice" (a bigoted dogwhistle term used against recognizing LGBTQ+ identity) and opposing trans identity.
#Texas GOP#Texas#Anti LGBTQ+ Extremism#Anti Trans Extremism#Anti Drag Show Extremism#Dragphobia#Transphobia#Homophobia#LGBTQ+#Drag#Transgender#Gender Affirming Healthcare#Drag Queen Story Hour#Social Transition#Transgender Erasure#Detransition
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Nothing has proven that media literacy is a choice more than s7 of 911. People saw the issues in Buck and Taylor's relationship right away and understood that picking up on them was important, but with Tommy it's like because he's a man, he can do no wrong. The show is deliberately comparing and contrasting him with Eddie like crazy, and, again, when the show did THE SAME THING with Eddie and Taylor, everyone picked up on it, but with Tommy? Crickets.
And it's also so frustrating the way that any conversation about Tommy needing to be held more accountable for past actions if he's suddenly going to be playing a bigger part in the story gets automatically shut down. Tommy's relatively small role previously meant that the show not really diving deeper into the racist harassment he took part in and how he made amends was fine because he just wasn't that relevant. But if he is going to be more relevant, his past needs to be fully confronted and Buck needs to be made fully aware of what happened and why (as does the audience). And he cannot just be painted over as a victim (as many are trying to do) because he very much was not just that.
at this point you cannot convince me that bucktommy fans aren't experiencing mass hallucinations
like what do you mean ’tommy is buck's last love' 'tommy is buck's one, great love’ ???
where are you people even getting these things from? i know we make stuff up about buddie too, but at least we pull from source material
the only thing that makes tommy different from buck's past love interests is the fact that he's a man. and while, obviously, buck realizing he's bi and getting to be more fully himself is a good thing, it doesn’t change the fact that being with tommy means that he’s still stuck on that hamster wheel. you know, the one where he throws himself fully into a relationship and gives it his all, and the other person just doesn’t match that
i can’t comprehend the lack of media literacy you have to have not to see what the writers are doing when they have tommy leave buck on the side of the road after their first date or not bother to follow the theme for the batchelor party
and you like to justify his actions by saying he's older and more mature, but at what point do you becaome too old to put a little effort in to make your partner happy?
he certainly had no problem putting in the effort when it came to eddie..
#911 discourse#911 abc#antib*cktommy#it's just such a monument to white male privilege and that's what makes me so angry#and why i'm so salty#people are falling all over themselves to create narratives based on Lou's cameos and that's fine i support fanfic#but insisting that headcanons with ZERO basis in canon must be universally accepted as canon#while rejecting clear narrative choices around Buddie that we've all agreed on FOR YEARS#has made me lose respect for a shit ton of this fandom#especially because Tommy is a watered down version of Eddie but people prefer that because...well let's take a few guesses#and also just...Buddie is so clearly something that Tim is passionate about and has wanted to do for years#we're on the ten yard line and you're actively working to erase any queerness in Buck and Eddie's relationship for a white dude#who cannot even be bothered to empathize with Buck when he's going through THE SAME THING HE WENT THROUGH#this is the guy you're throwing away Buddie for? make it make sense i do not understand it#buddie is such a validation of every queer fan who has ever watched a show and seen chemistry between two straight characters#but been told that they're wrong by the straight homophobic majority#and you're throwing that away for two kisses and some indifference?#i'm not talking about people who are enjoying the relationship but can still see the bigger picture#i'm talking about people who're calling buddie fans delusional and are working overtime to strip Buddie's narrative of anything queer#people who are now actively against Buddie and are working to invalidate a queer narrative that people have loved for YEARS#if that's you yes you suck
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(Hmmm, I think my last ask was too sweet. I know! ANGST!!)
This monumental wedding is attended by the leaders of both sides (Lucifer, Lilith, the Seven Sins, Micheal, the other Heavenly Virtues, The Elder's). Just as Carmilla is about to say "I do", her eyes catch a glint of metal just behind Sera. Immediately recognizing it as one of her fast flying arrows, Carmilla comes up with a plan to get Sera to safety. As a Seraphim it required all of Carmilla's strength and power to forcibly teleport Sera which meant Carmilla herself was both too weak and drained to get out of the way. When the arrow pierces Carmilla's chest, it hits her directly in the heart, killing her instantly.
For a single second, all was silent. Before all hell broke loose, Heaven's side believes that the Rebels tried to kill Sera, something she must have suspected as she successfully avoided it by teleporting away. Meanwhile, the Rebels believe Heaven set them up by having an assassin fire one of Carmilla's arrows and having Sera purposefully dodge by teleporting. This will become known as the bloodiest battle in the war and, with his side outnumbered and Micheal getting a last minute help from God, Lucifer and his people are banished from heaven.
Sera, on the other hand, is in the clearing she met Carmilla in, confused and very much scared for her love. When she finally gets back to the wedding venue, the entire place is leveled, bodies strewn across the floor and the Elders are congratulating her for "noticing" the Rebels' plot. Sera, still confused, talks to a grieving Micheal and demands to know WTF happened. Once he finally composes himself enough, he tells her everything. But before Sera could properly process what he just said, Micheal suddenly asks if she and Carmilla ever became, intimate, with each other.
Sera can't help but blush when she remembers the night after their betrothal was announced. Both of she and Carmilla were drunk off Beelzejuice and 'Hey! they were getting married anyway, why not start the honeymoon early?'. Sera tells Micheal they've only been together once, months ago. Only to be blindsided by a surprised Micheal claiming that Sera was pregnant, with Carmilla's baby. Sera nearly falls over before Micheal catches her, she starts rambling about how she was supposed to protect her unborn child with Carmilla gone and the Elders still clamoring for Rebel Blood. In her panic she forgets to mention that Carmilla was the one who teleported her away and therefore saved her. Invalidating both side's theories on who attacked first.
Micheal suggests that they pretend the baby was his, conceived before the agreement between them and the Rebels. Micheal only knew Carmilla for a short time but even then, he saw, not only her strategic mind and great fighting prowess, but also her respect, loyalty and determination towards the Rebels' cause and to Lucifer and Lilith themselves. And so, to hopefully repent for banishing his own brother, he promises to defend this child from Heaven's wrath.
(I am assuming this is separate from the triplets AU, since Carmilla and Sera met in the woods in the last ask, rather than in childhood like in the triplets AU. I'm also assuming Lucifer and Michael are still twins, but Sera is not their sister)
Thankfully, when the child Emily is born, she looks like the spitting image of Sera, giving no indication to anyone of her actual parentage. The elders of Heaven are angry that such a child was conceived out of holy matrimony, but that can be remedied. Her marriage to Carmilla was never finalized, after all. All she would have to do is marry Michael, and all would be right as rain.
Soon, Sera is constantly berated and pressured to marry Lucifer’s brother, or at least play the part of his spouse, if she can't stomach the thought of marrying her old friend. The two of them have been heavily scrutinized ever since Michael lied about being the “father” of Sera's child. They have to walk on eggshells, and play the part of the perfect, happy couple in public, in order to stay in Heaven's good graces. The acting almost makes Sera feel ill. There's only one person she wants to be with, and it's eating her up inside that she, and her child, may never see Carmilla again. And she has to openly declare her love to someone else.
It makes Sera feel sick.
#hazbin hotel#carmilla hazbin hotel#sera hazbin hotel#seramilla#lucifer morningstar#michael hazbin hotel#lilith morningstar
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PONT ALEXANDRE III, 1896-1900, Paris, France 🇫🇷
This deck arch bridge spans the Seine in Paris, connecting the Champs-Élysées quarter with those of the Invalides and Eiffel Tower.
The bridge is widely regarded as the most ornate bridge in the city, with its exuberant Art Nouveau lamps, cherubs, nymphs and winged horses at either end. It is named after Tsar Alexander Ill, who had concluded the Franco-Russian Alliance in 1892.
It has been classified as a French monument historique since 1975.
Architects: Joseph Cassien-Bernard and Gaston Cousin.
The bridge was built by the engineers Jean Résal and Amédée Alby. It was inaugurated in 1900 for the Exposition Universelle World's Fair.
The nymph reliefs are at the centres of the arches over the Seine, memorials to the Franco-Russian Alliance. The Nymphs of the Seine has a relief of the arms of Paris, and faces the Nymphs of the Neva with the arms of Imperial Russia. They are both executed in hammered copper over forms by Georges Récipon.
Thank you FB @I love nature side
#parislife#paris france#a classical life#classical music#art#18th century#classic#classical history#classical art#classical musician#classical composer#classical
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Why do you bother still arguing with anti-endos? It's obvious at this point that they aren't going to listen no matter what you say. They're like transphobes: it doesn't matter what the science actually says, they're still convinced it's on their side.
Rome wasn't built in a day.
Making something isn't easy. Changing the world isn't easy. It takes time and energy and some days trying feels like a monumental labor that isn't accomplishing anything.
No movements would have accomplished anything if everyone just said, "well, these bigots aren't changing minds so we might as well give up. 🤷♀️"
Progress is slow and I don't expect instant results. And I'm okay with that.
I hope I can plant seeds of doubt that can grow from there, even if it's not instantly changing minds.
But even if that doesn't work, there's another benefit for our community, which I think of as fakeclaiming immunization.
All of us will experience fakeclaiming and many may suffer from doubts. And one thing I hope is that repeatedly seeing these anti-endo arguments debunked and disproven with facts can help give systems the confidence they need to withstand fakeclaiming and invalidation they'll have to deal with in the future.
#syscourse#pro endogenic#pro endo#sysblr#multiplicity#plural#plurality#endogenic#systems#system#pluralgang#actually plural#actually a system
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alistair being king but hating you at the end of da:o is wild when you get to the courtyard scene in awakening it's just like. we used to be friends. all the blood we shed together was invalidated in a monumental act of betrayal. we're both performing the camaraderie that used to be real for this audience. are we also performing it for ourselves. do you miss me.
#i am simply a believer that if you spare loghain there is an extremely understandable but impassable rift between the warden and alistair#but the king of ferelden and the hero of ferelden CAN'T have a public rift#orlais is KNOCKING on the border!! we just had a BLIGHT!! the crown has! to! be! strong!#that's the whole argument for keeping anora on the throne it's for political stability and crown authority#so if that happens you can't have the hero and the king in a public feud. instead i think you just get banquets where anora sits between#the two of them and they don't look at each other. it's MISERABLE. and then amaranthine.
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I am not pro-plastic; however, I cannot condemn cosmetic surgery either. I enjoy the effect of it, I run a bimbo blog, that's no secret.
But cosmetic surgery, like all surgery, comes at a risk -- in the "bimbo" community alone many women have died trying to max themselves out physically -- and I can't condone the reality and possibility of a fatal outcome for something so frivolous. Cosmetic surgery is not foolproof or all-encompassing either. I'm no doctor, I haven't studied this, but I follow enough of these women online (as I'm sure many of you do) to know that these procedures require routine maintenance, upkeep; not to mention instances where further surgery is required to makeup for unforeseen complications, including unsatisfactory results.
I think you get the picture. And if you don't, watch Death Becomes Her.
That's my main objection. No matter how sexually satisfying I often find the results the risks far outweigh the benefits, in my opinion.
Another common and also very real objection, usually intermingled with this one, is the internalized desire to adhere to a male ideal of sexualization; self-objectification.
I take issue with this objection for cosmetic surgery, not because I disagree with it or think women should feel a desire to be desired, my issue is more implicit than that; the underlying expectation that one must be satisfied with or even comfortable in their natural body. Sexual freedom begins not only with physical self-possession but physical self-conviction. Not just confidence and control in one's self but assuredness, unwavering belief in one's self.
Of course, insecurity isn't the fault of the individual, and running off to get plastic surgery probably shouldn't be someone's first instinct of but I do think it's not an entirely invalid option depending on certain circumstances. Sometimes cosmetic surgery can make a monumental difference for an individual and be not only worth it, but freeing. As for whether cosmetic surgery should ever be considered worth it or freeing... well, no, but that's a much larger issue.
#bimbotxt#understandingbimbos#plastic surgery fetishism#plastic surgery#bimtheory#cosmetic surgery#death becomes her
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There’s a lot to unpack in the way that the Confederate-monuments-are-awesome brand of southerner equates “Yankee (derogatory)” with “urban” - as in you could probably write a thesis about it, and somebody probably has - but as a person who grew up in some pretty rural towns in the northeast US it’s also just funny. The number of absolutely nonsensical conversations where Person A goes “hey that’s kinda racist” and Person B goes “Oh yeah YANKEE? Bet you’re from NEW YORK CITY!” as if this isn’t an absurd non sequitur. Like in the first place I don’t accept that being from NYC invalidates someone’s opinion but in the second place plenty of Yankees also drive tractors and eat venison and grow up catching cray(w)fish in the creek buddy, you aren’t even the tiniest bit special
#bold of you to start a salt of the earth rural american competition when you live within earshot of the katy freeway#anyway i am considering getting a hunting license just because i feel bad about the climate change deer overpopulation situation#there are so many. they are so skinny ):#i am not a good enough shot to trust myself with a deer’s last moments on earth#but there is the tried and true thing of getting a tag and giving it to a hunter friend who is#like i’m happy to help with the butchering and hauling out of the woods part#cw animal death#i guess#my posts#usaposting
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Could you talk about Penelope family? I tried searching but it seems very confusing
This is a kind of interesting ask for the simple fact that it’s unexpected. But hey, here I am! First of all, I'd like to make a few things clear:
I'm not a classicist, it's just a hobby. If there's something wrong, you can say it and I'll fix it. If you have something to add, feel free to comment too! Penelope has A LOT of genealogy versions and some of them aren't even translated, so I REALLY may have missed something.
I’m considering Greek mythology sources, and I’m not considering Roman mythology. Not because I think Roman mythology is a farce, but simply because I consider the two separately and I don't know much about Roman mythology.
I don't usually write this because I feel like it's obvious, but when it comes to Penelope's family tree I feel like it's necessary: a version of the myth doesn't become invalid or false because you don't like it or because it doesn't match another source. Mythology is not a series of books where one book NEEDS to follow what the previous one said, it’s something much more organic than that. Yes, there were more "popular"/"traditional" versions, but that doesn't make the unusual ones invalid. So I'll consider all possible versions here, no matter if I like it or if the general public likes it. In other words, "ah, but you like this version…" it doesn't matter if I like it, what matters here is that it's a version.
PARENTS AND GRANDPARENTS
Father: Icarius
King Icarius is, fortunately, a constant in Penelope's myths. However, Icarius' ancestry varies. There are two possible family trees.
Perieres and Gorgophone:
Perieres took possession of Messene and married Gorgophone, daughter of Perseus, by whom he had sons, to wit, Aphareus and Leucippus, and Tyndareus, and also Icarius. But many say that Perieres was not the son of Aeolus but of Cynortas, son of Amyclas; so we shall narrate the history of the descendants of Perieres in dealing with the family of Atlas
Library, 1.9.5. Translation by J.G. Frazer.
[...] Perieres, with whom Gorgophone the daughter of Perseus, according to Stesichorus, had Tyndareus, Icarius, Aphareus and Leucippus. [...]
Ad Lycophronem, 511bs.
Oebalus and Batia:
[...] But some say that Aphareus and Leucippus were sons of Perieres, the son of Aeolus, and that Cynortes begat Perieres, and that Perieres begat Oebalus, and that Oebalus begat Tyndareus, Hippocoon, and Icarius by a Naiad nymph Batia.
Library, 3.10.4. Translation by J.G. Frazer.
Gorgophone:
Pausanias offers a version in which Gorgophone married both Perieres and Oebalus.
In Argos, by the side of this monument of the Gorgon, is the grave of Gorgophone (Gorgon-kilIer), the daughter of Perseus. As soon as you hear the name you can understand the reason why it was given her. On the death of her husband, Perieres, the son of Aeolus, whom she married when a virgin, she married Oebalus, being the first woman, they say, to marry a second time; for before this wives were wont, on the death of their husbands, to live as widows.
Description of Greece, 2.21.7. Translation by W.H.S. Jones.
It also describes that Tyndareus is the son of Oebalus and Gorgophone, although it doesn’t specify Icarius.
Amyclas, too, son of Lacedaemon, wished to leave some memorial behind him, and built a town in Laconia. Hyacinthus, the youngest and most beautiful of his sons, died before his father, and his tomb is in Amyclae below the image of Apollo. On the death of Amyclas the empire came to Aigalus, the eldest of his sons, and afterwards, when Aigalus died, to Cynortas. Cynortas had a son Oebalus. He took a wife from Argos, Gorgophone the daughter of Perseus, and begat a son Tyndareus, with whom Hippocoon disputed about the kingship, claiming the throne on the ground of being the eldest. With the end of Icarius and his partisans he had surpassed Tyndareus in power, and forced him to retire in fear; the Lacedaemonians say that he went to Pellana, but a Messenian legend about him is that he fled to Aphareus in Messenia, Aphareus being the son of Perieres and the brother of Tyndareus on his mother's side. The story goes on to say that he settled at Thalamae in Messenia, and that his children were born to him when he was living there.
Description of Greece, 3.1. Translation by W.H.S. Jones.
Personally, I got the impression that Gorgophone was perhaps the most popular version as Icarius’ mother. Regardless, any of these versions are valid. Anyway, it’s because of Icarius that Penelope is cousins with Clytemnestra, Helena and Dioscuri.
Mother: Periboea, Asterodia, Polycaste or Dorodoche
On Tumblr, the consensus is to consider Periboea as Penelope's mother (probably because she’s a Naiad), but Penelope doesn’t have a well-established (that is, constant) mother. Through surviving sources, we know of at least four possible mothers for Penelope.
One of these versions is that Penelope's mother was Periboea, a Naiad (don’t confuse this with the Oceanid Periboea. Not the same character, despite the names and the fact that they’re both nymphs). The interesting part is that Pseudo-Apollodorus says that Periboea had 5 sons and 1 daughter, which means that she isn’t the mother of the Iphthime we see in The Odyssey.
Icarius and Periboea, a Naiad nymph, had five sons, Thoas, Damasippus, Imeusimus, Aletes, Perileos, and a daughter Penelope, whom Ulysses married.
Library, 3.10.6. Translation by J.G. Frazer.
Another possible mother of Penelope is Polycaste, daughter of Lygaeus. Again, there is no mention of Penelope having a sister, although brothers are mentioned.
[...] Tyndareus, however, went back home, having married Leda, the daughter of Thestius, whereas Icarius stayed on, keeping a portion of Acarnania, and by Polycaste, the daughter of Lygaeus, begot both Penelope and her brothers [...]
Geography, 10.2.24. Translation by H. L. Jones.
In other version, Penelope's mother is Asterodia, daughter of Eurypylus. She’s mentioned in a scholia on The Odyssey as mother of Penelope, Iphthime and other children not mentioned by Homer, which I have only found in Greek (see here in 797). The credits for this version are given to Pherecydes. Still using this scholia as a reference, another wife attributed to Icarius is Dorodoche, daughter of Ortilochus (see here in 16).
None of them are mentioned more than the others in the sources, so it’s difficult to know which of them was the most popular version, although Asterodia particularly makes the most sense in my opinion.
SIBLINGS
Sister: Iphthime (Asterodia as mother) and Medes/Hypsipyle/Laodamea (Asterodia as mother)
You're probably already familiar with Iphthime because she already appears in The Odyssey. Athena uses her appearance when communicating with Penelope at one point, and we learn this about Iphthime:
Then the gray-eyed goddess Athene thought what to do next. She made an image, and likened it to Penelope's sister Iphthime, the daughter of great-hearted Ikarios, whose husband was Eumelos, and he lived in his home at Pherai.
The Odyssey, IV.795-798. Translation by Richmond Lattimore.
Years later, a The Odyssey schoalist said that Iphthime is the daughter of Icarius and Asterodia, just like Penelope. This scholia is available in Greek here (see 797), and in that same part it’s said that Penelope had another sister (also daughter of Asterodia), who was called Medes, Hypsipyle, or Laodamea (same character, differents names).
Brother: Thoas, Damasippus, Imeusimus, Aletes, Perileos (Periboea as mother) or unamed brothers/Alyzeus and Lucadius (Polycaste as mother) or Amasichus, Phalereus, Thoon, Pheremmelias and Perilaos (Asterodia as mother)
In the Periboea is Penelope’s mother version, it’s said that Periboea and Icarius had Penelope as their daughter and Thoas, Damasippus, Imeusimus, Aletes, Perileos as their sons.
Icarius and Periboea, a Naiad nymph, had five sons, Thoas, Damasippus, Imeusimus, Aletes, Perileos, and a daughter Penelope, whom Ulysses married.
Library, 3.10.6. Translation by J.G. Frazer.
And that's it. They don't have much mythological relevance in surviving sources. The most we have is Pausanias saying that Perileos wasn’t very happy with Orestes after he found out that he killed Clytemnestra, Perileos' cousin on his father's side. (Pausanias, Description of Greece, 8.34.4). I didn't know if there is a named nephew/niece for Penelope by her brothers.
Strabo, in the version in which Penelope's mother is Polycaste, mentions that Penelope has brothers, but doesn’t name them. He doesn’t even say how many, by the way.
[...] Tyndareus, however, went back home, having married Leda, the daughter of Thestius, whereas Icarius stayed on, keeping a portion of Acarnania, and by Polycaste, the daughter of Lygaeus, begot both Penelope and her brothers [...]
Geography, 10.2.24. Translation by H. L. Jones.
A little before this, he had mentioned Alyzeus and Lucadius as Penelope's brothers, but he described them as sons of Icarius and didn’t mention Polycaste, so I'm not sure if they’re her sons. Furthermore, in the case of Polycaste Strabo wrote in a “they say…” vibe, which harkens back more to oral tradition, while Alyzeus and Lucadius he specifically attributed to a work called Alcmaeonis (we don’t know about Alcmaeonis). I imagine that if Polycaste, Alyzeus and Lucadius were the same version, he would have simply credited Alcmaeonis when he spoke of Polycaste as well. So in my opinion it's uncertain whether they are Polycaste's unnamed children, but, interpret it your way. I think it's possible Polycaste is the mother.
The author of the Alcmaeonis says that Icarius, the father of Penelope, had two sons, Alyzeus and Leucadius, and that these two reigned over Acarnania with their father; accordingly, Ephorus thinks that the cities were named after these.
Geography, 10.2.9. Translation by H. L. Jones.
In the scholia I mentioned before, the schoalist says that Penelope and Iphthime's mother is Asterodia and also attributes to them the brothers Amasichus, Phalereus, Thoon, Pheremmelias and Perilaos in 797. Perilaos is just another spelling for Perileos, thus being a constant between the Periboea and Asterodia versions. In 275, Penelope’s brothers (with Asterodia as mother) are Polymelos and Damasiclus. I've seen sites claiming that Damasiclus is another name for Amasichus, although I don't know what the source for this is.
CHILDREN
Telemachus
Telemachus as Penelope and Odysseus's son is a constant, so I certainly don't need to provide sources. An interesting fact that you may already know and that may not change anything in your life is that the name Telemachus means something like “far from war” or “fighting from afar” — etymologically "fighting from afar," from tēle "from afar" (see tele-) + makhē "a battle, fight" (see -machy); see here. Regarding this, there are the possibilities:
It refers to Telemachus being far from the Trojan War (and still “fighting”)
It's about his father being away because of the war.
Telemachus is the firstborn of both Odysseus and Penelope, regardless of source.
Poliphortes/Ptoliporthus
Another son of Penelope and Odysseus is Polyphortes, born only after Odysseus returned from war. His name is a combination of πτόλις (city) + πέρθω (perish), meaning “destroyer of cities” (see here), probably a reference to Odysseus's pivotal role in the destruction of Troy. The contrast between his name and the name of Telemachus is ironic to say the least.
This son was mentioned in the Library in a version in which Odysseus marries Queen Callidice and reigns over Thesprotians for a time until she dies, Odysseus leaves the kingdom to the son he had with her (Polypoetes) and returns to Ithaca, where he finds his second son with Penelope. It’s possible that Pseudo-Apollodorus was talking about the lost epic Telegony, as the plot is similar.
And after sacrificing to Hades, and Persephone, and Tiresias, he journeyed on foot through Epirus, and came to the Thesprotians, and having offered sacrifice according to the directions of the soothsayer Tiresias, he propitiated Poseidon. But Callidice, who was then queen of the Thesprotians, urged him to stay and offered him the kingdom; and she had by him a son Polypoetes. And having married Callidice, he reigned over the Thesprotians, and defeated in battle the neighboring peoples who attacked him. But when Callidice died he handed over the kingdom to his son and repaired to Ithaca, and there he found Poliporthes, whom Penelope had borne to him.
Library, E.7.34-35. Translation by J.G. Frazer.
This son is also mentioned by Pausanias, but he attributes this version to a poem called Thesprotis. What poem is Thesprotis? Well, there theories, but unfortunately, none of them are really conclusive.
In addition to the roads mentioned there are two others, leading to Orchomenus. On one is what is called the stadium of Ladas, where Ladas practised his running, and by it a sanctuary of Artemis, and on the right of the road is a high mound of earth. It is said to be the grave of Penelope, but the account of her in the poem called Thesprotis is not in agreement with this saying. For in it the poet says that when Odysseus returned from Troy he had a son Ptoliporthes by Penelope. [...]
Description of Greece, 8.12.5-6. W.H.S. Jones
Italus
Son of Penelope with Telegonus, son of Circe and Odysseus, who depending on the version is Penelope's second husband. This character is used to explain the name of country Italy. Furthermore, this isn’t a cheating version, as Odysseus was already dead when Penelope married Telegonus.
[...] from Penelope and Telegonus Italus was born, who called the country Italy from his own name.
Fabulae, 127. Translation by Mary Grant.
Although Penelope marrying Telegonus appears in other sources, this is the only one where I found Italus as their son.
Pan
This one is a long story. Finally, Penelope's son with the god Hermes.
Pseudo-Apollodorus says that Penelope was seduced by one of the suitors, Odysseus finding out about this sent her back to Icarius and eventually Penelope gave birth to Pan at Matinea. When I saw that she was seduced by one of the suitors in this version, I thought it would be Amphinomus, that suitor who tried to prevent the other suitors from killing Telemachus and who Odysseus wished to spare, but Athena had him killed along with the others. He was the best-behaved of the suitors and was said to be the one that pleased Penelope most.
Now Amphinomos spoke forth and addressed them. He was the shining son of Nisos, son of the lord Aretiades, and led those suitors who had come over from the abundant grasslands and grainlands of Doulichion, and pleased Penelope more than the others in talk, for he had good sense and discretion.
The Odyssey, XVI.394-398. Translation by Richmond Lattimore.
But it wasn't him, it was Antinous! The most insufferable of suitors!
But some say that Penelope was seduced by Antinous and sent away by Ulysses to her father Icarius, and that when she came to Mantinea in Arcadia she bore Pan to Hermes
Library, E.7.38. Translation by J.G. Frazer.
Herodotus, when trying to establish a chronology for the births of the gods, talks about a version in which Pan is their youngest. He says this is because he was born to Penelope and is therefore post-Trojan War. He also claims this is the version believed by the Greeks.
[...] and Pan the son of Penelope (for according to the Greeks Penelope and Hermes were the parents of Pan) was about eight hundred years before me, and thus of a later date than the Trojan war.
Histories, 2.145. Translation by A. D. Godley.
Pausanias also writes a version in which Penelope was expelled by Odysseus, although he doesn’t mention her having children or that child being Pan. However, he says that it’s a Matinean version and that Penelope went to Matinea, the same place as Pseudo-Apollodorus said that Penelope and Hermes had Pan.
But the Mantinean story about Penelope says that Odysseus convicted her of bringing paramours to his home, and being cast out by him she went away at first to Lacedaemon, but afterwards she removed from Sparta to Mantineia, where she died.
Description of Greece, 8.12.6. Translation by W.H.S. Jones.
There is a possibility that this myth exists because it got mixed up with the myth in which Pan's mother is Penelope, a nymph from Arcadia, and not Penelope, queen of Ithaca.
In the Homeric Hymn to Pan, there is no name of the mother, but it’s said that she is “daughter of Dryopos” and therefore not Penelope daughter of Icarius.
[...] For there, though a god, he used to tend curly-fleeced sheep in the service of a mortal man, because there fell on him and waxed strong melting desire to wed the rich-tressed daughter of Dryops and there he brought about the merry marriage.
Hymn to Pan. Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White.
Nonnus, in the Dionysiaca, says the mother's name is Penelope, but she’s a nymph and therefore not the human Penelope. Also, there are two Pans instead of one.
[...] With these were two other Pans, the sons of Hermes, who divided his love between two Nymphs: for one he visited the bed of Sose, the highland prophetess, and begat a son inspired with the divine voice of prophecy, Agreus, well versed in the beast-slaying sport of the hunt; the other was Nomios, whom the pasturing sheep loved well, one practised in the shepherd’s pipe, for whom Hermes sought the bed of Penelope, the country Nymph.
Dionysiaca, Book 14. Translation by W.H.D. Rouse.
In some sources, a Penelope is mentioned, but there are no specifics about which Penelope is referred to. In some versions, Pan's father is not Hermes.
Fabulae says that Pan's parents Hermes and an unspecified Penelope. But the mention of Pan being initially mortal made me think it's not a nymph he's talking about, since all the nymph + god children I know were born immortal and the mortal nymph children were the children of nymph + humans. But of course, I might have missed something.
MORTALS WHO WERE MADE IMMORTAL: [...] Pan, son of Mercury and Penelope [...]
Fabulae, 224. Translation by Mary Grant.
Despite the chances of Penelope of Ithaca being confused with another character and this giving rise to this version, over time the idea of Penelope as Pan's mother became its own version. Therefore, I consider it valid, as apparently the ancient Greeks also considered it a possibility (as seen by Herodotus' statement). However, this was most likely not the most popular version of the myth, since Penelope was often used as an example of an ideal chaste wife (e.g. Aristoteles, Economics; Plutarch, Conjugalia Pracepta; Athenaues, The Deipnosophists. Also notable in visual depictions of Penelope in which she has her legs crossed so protecting chastity).
GRANDCHILDREN AND DAUGHTER-IN-LAW
Through Telemachus (Penelope's other sons don’t have children attested from what I saw), Penelope has some possible grandchildren (and, consequently, daughters-in-law), as follows:
Latinus
This name is also attributed to two half-brothers of Telemachus. One of them is the son of Odysseus and Circe (Hesiod, Theogony) and the other is son of Odysseus and Calypso (Pseudo-Apollodorus, Library, E.7.24). This Latinus here is none of those, he’s a son of Telemachus and Circe. This character is used to explain the name of the Latin language.
[...] By the advice of Minerva again, Telegonus married Penelope, and Telemachus married Circe. From Circe and Telemachus Latinus was born, who gave his name to the Latin language [...]
Fabulae, 127. Translation by Mary Grant.
Poliphortes/Ptoliporthus
This name is also attributed to a brother of Telemachus, son of Penelope and Odysseus. In this case, I’m referring to the version of the late source Dictys Cretensis which described Polyphortes as the son of Telemachus by the princess Nausicaa. Yes, the same person who wanted to marry Odysseus in The Odyssey.
Soon afterwards, in answer to Ulysses’ hopes and prayers, Nausicaa, the daughter of Alcinous, was married to Telemachus. This was also the time when our leader Idomeneus died in Crete; and, according to the right of succession, the kingdom passed to Meriones. Laertes, three years after his son had returned, ended his life. Nausicaa and Telemachus had a son, to whom Ulysses gave the name Ptoliporthus (Sacker of Cities).
Dictys Cretensis, 6.6. Translation by R.M. Frazer.
Persepolis/Perseptolis
This name is also attributed to...okay, relax! There are no other children of Odysseus that you need to worry about, this time Persepolis is just Telemachus' son with Polycaste. Polycaste, in this case, was a princess of Pylos, daughter of Nestor (she isn’t the same character assigned as Penelope's mother). She appears in The Odyssey when Telemachus visits Nestor and is the princess who bathes him.
Meanwhile lovely Polykaste, who was the youngest of the daughters of Nestor, son of Neleus, had bathed Telemachos. But when she had bathed him and anointed him sleekly with olive oil, she threw a splendid mantle and a tunic about him, and he came out from the bath looking like an immortal and came and sat down beside Nestor, shepherd of the people
The Odyssey, 464-469. Translation by Richmond Lattimore.
Years later, a schoalist of Homer presented a version of the myth in which Telemachus and Polycaste had a son named Persepolis. He attributed the credits to Hesiod, and is currently considered part of the Catalogues of Women.
FRAGMENT 12 - TELEMACHUS Eustathius. Hom. 1796.39: "So well-girded Polycaste, the youngest daughter of Nestor, Neleus' son, was joined in love with Telemachus through golden Aphrodite and bare Persepolis."
No grandchildren
In addition to Circe, Nausicaa, and Polycaste, Cassiopheia is also an attributed wife of Telemachus, but they didn’t give Penelope any grandchildren. This version is told in a scholia on Lycophron’s poem Alexandra, which shows the Trojan prophetess Cassandra prophesying. Ioannis Tzetzes, while trying to decipher Cassandra's enigmatic prophecies, offers a version of the myth in which Circe and Odysseus' daughter Cassiphone is the wife of Telemachus.
Telemachus married Cassiphone, the daughter of Circe. Telemachus kills Circe, not wanting to bear her commands, and he himself is killed by Cassiphone, his wife, avenging her mother. What he says is this: Odysseus will die seeing the sufferings of Circe being killed by Telemachus, and him by Cassiphone, his own daughter.
Ad Lycophronem, 808.
I only found Cassiopheia in this source.
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