#Electrochemical

[leochbatteryglobal]

The discharge process will not appear electrolyte stratification, the high current discharge performance is better ❗

The rated capacity of C20 in small-size battery is usually less than 38Ah ❗

Small-size batteries are mainly used in small power scenarios ❗

The practical battery selection is more complex, welcome to leave message, our experts will provide you with effective power solutions！

About small-size batteries, 3 basic insights you should know! 👀

[biology-geology-beaches-india]

So heavily rusted was this metal bollard on a concrete jetty jutting out into the sea for about thirty feet that it almost resembled ancient teakwood!!! one had a hard time recognizing it for the metallic structure it in fact was..

The jetty was undergoing repair at the time I visited it, but one wonders at the faith of future boats who choose to use this rusted hulk as an anchoring point!!!.

Nothing brings out the crippling corrosive power of salt spray than do these stark images of corrosion gone absolutely amuck.

Dawis Beach, near Digos City, Mindanao, The Philippines, January 26, 2024.

[bitcoinversus]

Energy: Department of Energy Selects Argonne to Lead National Energy Storage Hub

The U.S. Department of Energy selects Argonne to lead a groundbreaking energy storage hub, advancing next-gen battery technology.

The U.S. Department of Energy has appointed Argonne National Laboratory to spearhead the Energy Storage Research Alliance (ESRA), a significant initiative aimed at advancing battery technology and energy storage innovation. This national energy storage hub will unite nearly 50 leading researchers from three national laboratories and 12 universities, including top institutions like Columbia…

[jcmarchi]

MIT’s top research stories of 2024

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/mits-top-research-stories-of-2024/

MIT’s top research stories of 2024

MIT’s research community had another year full of scientific and technological advances in 2024. To celebrate the achievements of the past twelve months, MIT News highlights some of our most popular stories from this year. We’ve also rounded up the year’s top MIT community-related stories.

3-D printing with liquid metal: Researchers developed an additive manufacturing technique that can print rapidly with liquid metal, producing large-scale parts like table legs and chair frames in a matter of minutes. Their technique involves depositing molten aluminum along a predefined path into a bed of tiny glass beads. The aluminum quickly hardens into a 3D structure.  

Tamper-proof ID tags: Engineers developed a tag that can reveal with near-perfect accuracy whether an item is real or fake. The key is in the glue that sticks the tag to the item. The team uses terahertz waves to authenticate items by recognizing a unique pattern of microscopic metal particles mixed into the glue.  

Chatting with the future you: Researchers from MIT and elsewhere created a system that enables users to have an online, text-based conversation with an AI-generated simulation of their potential future self. The project is aimed at reducing anxiety and guiding young people to make better choices.  

Converting CO2 into useful products: Engineers at MIT designed a new electrode that boosts the efficiency of electrochemical reactions to turn carbon dioxide into ethylene and other products.  

Generative AI for databases: Researchers built GenSQL, a new generative AI tool that makes it easier for database users to perform complicated statistical analyses of tabular data without the need to know what is going on behind the scenes. The tool could help users make predictions, detect anomalies, guess missing values, fix errors, and more.  

Reversing autoimmune-induced hair loss: A new microneedle patch delivers immune-regulating molecules to the scalp. The treatment teaches T cells not to attack hair follicles, promoting hair regrowth and offering a promising solution for individuals affected by alopecia areata and other autoimmune skin diseases.  

Inside the LLM black box: Researchers demonstrated a technique that can be used to probe a large language model to see what it knows about new subjects. The technique showed the models use a surprisingly simple mechanism to retrieve some stored knowledge.  

Sound-suppressing silk: An interdisciplinary collaboration of researchers from MIT and elsewhere developed a silk fabric, barely thicker than a human hair, that can suppress unwanted noise and reduce noise transmission in a large room.  

Working out for your nervous system: Researchers found that when muscles work out, they help neurons to grow as well. The findings suggest that biochemical and physical effects of exercise could help heal nerves.  

Finding AI’s world model lacking: Researchers found that despite its impressive output, generative AI models don’t have a coherent understanding of the world. Large language models don’t form true models of the world and its rules, and can thus fail unexpectedly on similar tasks.

[stonylabchem]

STONYLAB Glass Sealed Electrolytic Cell with PTFE Lid for Electrochemistry

Price as low as $348.83 USD

Portable Sealed Electrolytic Cell are used for electrochemical reactions, experiments, and tests

Capacity: 10 ml

This kit includes 10 ml glass cell, PTFE stopper and sleeve and 2 electrode holders

The top inlet port design helps to inject material without opening the lid; Side hose can be used to fill in gas or connect to vacuum pump

Warranty: StonyLab 1-year limited warranty; if received damaged, please contact us immediately; we will solve it until satisfied

Products also shown in pictures:

Mini magnetic stirrer

Tubular Electrolytic Cell Reaction Bracket

DC Power Supply

Find our full electrochemistry collection at

[energynews247]

Atomic-scale probing of short-range order and its impact on electrochemical properties in cation-disordered oxide cathodes

Material synthesis The cathodes designated as Li1.2Ti0.4Mn0.4O2.0 (LTMO) and Li1.2Ti0.2Mn0.6O1.8F0.2 (LTMOF) were prepared through a conventional solid-state reaction process. Starting materials such as Li2CO3 (sourced from Alfa Aesar with an ACS purity of at least 99%), Mn2O3 (with a purity of 99.9% from Alfa Aesar), TiO2 (99.9% pure, Alfa Aesar), and LiF (Alfa Aesar, with a purity of 99.99%)…

[u3pxx]

brain empty skills doodling WAHOO

[slurmpinheimer]

Don’t Think (Too) Much — inspired by this comic

[whats-in-a-sentence]

Conversely, K+ channels that open only at potentials more positive than the Nernst potential for K+ are outwardly rectifying, or outward, K+ channels (Figure 6.8). Inward K+ channels function in the accumulation of K+ from the apoplast, as occurs, for example, during K+ uptake by guard cells in the process of stomatal opening (see Figure 6.8).

"Plant Physiology and Development" int'l 6e - Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., Møller, I.M., Murphy, A.

[chemblrish]

8 December 2024

I discovered peach tea thanks to a friend and I've been obsessed with it - I love it so much I drink it almost every day and I'm not much of a tea person.

Study-wise there's nothing new: I spent this weekend with potentiometry (what a huge chapter 😭) and I hope the test on Tuesday won't deck me

[poorly-drawn-mdzs]

Siffrin plays Disco Elysium AU: Featuring backseat gamer Loop.

[jcmarchi]

MIT engineers make converting CO2 into useful products more practical

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/mit-engineers-make-converting-co2-into-useful-products-more-practical/

MIT engineers make converting CO2 into useful products more practical

As the world struggles to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, researchers are seeking practical, economical ways to capture carbon dioxide and convert it into useful products, such as transportation fuels, chemical feedstocks, or even building materials. But so far, such attempts have struggled to reach economic viability.

New research by engineers at MIT could lead to rapid improvements in a variety of electrochemical systems that are under development to convert carbon dioxide into a valuable commodity. The team developed a new design for the electrodes used in these systems, which increases the efficiency of the conversion process.

The findings are reported today in the journal Nature Communications, in a paper by MIT doctoral student Simon Rufer, professor of mechanical engineering Kripa Varanasi, and three others.

“The CO2 problem is a big challenge for our times, and we are using all kinds of levers to solve and address this problem,” Varanasi says. It will be essential to find practical ways of removing the gas, he says, either from sources such as power plant emissions, or straight out of the air or the oceans. But then, once the CO2 has been removed, it has to go somewhere.

A wide variety of systems have been developed for converting that captured gas into a useful chemical product, Varanasi says. “It’s not that we can’t do it — we can do it. But the question is how can we make this efficient? How can we make this cost-effective?”

In the new study, the team focused on the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to ethylene, a widely used chemical that can be made into a variety of plastics as well as fuels, and which today is made from petroleum. But the approach they developed could also be applied to producing other high-value chemical products as well, including methane, methanol, carbon monoxide, and others, the researchers say.

Currently, ethylene sells for about $1,000 per ton, so the goal is to be able to meet or beat that price. The electrochemical process that converts CO2 into ethylene involves a water-based solution and a catalyst material, which come into contact along with an electric current in a device called a gas diffusion electrode.

There are two competing characteristics of the gas diffusion electrode materials that affect their performance: They must be good electrical conductors so that the current that drives the process doesn’t get wasted through resistance heating, but they must also be “hydrophobic,” or water repelling, so the water-based electrolyte solution doesn’t leak through and interfere with the reactions taking place at the electrode surface.

Unfortunately, it’s a tradeoff. Improving the conductivity reduces the hydrophobicity, and vice versa. Varanasi and his team set out to see if they could find a way around that conflict, and after many months of trying, they did just that.

The solution, devised by Rufer and Varanasi, is elegant in its simplicity. They used a plastic material, PTFE (essentially Teflon), that has been known to have good hydrophobic properties. However, PTFE’s lack of conductivity means that electrons must travel through a very thin catalyst layer, leading to significant voltage drop with distance. To overcome this limitation, the researchers wove a series of conductive copper wires through the very thin sheet of the PTFE.

“This work really addressed this challenge, as we can now get both conductivity and hydrophobicity,” Varanasi says.

Research on potential carbon conversion systems tends to be done on very small, lab-scale samples, typically less than 1-inch (2.5-centimeter) squares. To demonstrate the potential for scaling up, Varanasi’s team produced a sheet 10 times larger in area and demonstrated its effective performance.

To get to that point, they had to do some basic tests that had apparently never been done before, running tests under identical conditions but using electrodes of different sizes to analyze the relationship between conductivity and electrode size. They found that conductivity dropped off dramatically with size, which would mean much more energy, and thus cost, would be needed to drive the reaction.

“That’s exactly what we would expect, but it was something that nobody had really dedicatedly investigated before,” Rufer says. In addition, the larger sizes produced more unwanted chemical byproducts besides the intended ethylene.

Real-world industrial applications would require electrodes that are perhaps 100 times larger than the lab versions, so adding the conductive wires will be necessary for making such systems practical, the researchers say. They also developed a model which captures the spatial variability in voltage and product distribution on electrodes due to ohmic losses. The model along with the experimental data they collected enabled them to calculate the optimal spacing for conductive wires to counteract the drop off in conductivity.

In effect, by weaving the wire through the material, the material is divided into smaller subsections determined by the spacing of the wires. “We split it into a bunch of little subsegments, each of which is effectively a smaller electrode,” Rufer says. “And as we’ve seen, small electrodes can work really well.”

Because the copper wire is so much more conductive than the PTFE material, it acts as a kind of superhighway for electrons passing through, bridging the areas where they are confined to the substrate and face greater resistance.

To demonstrate that their system is robust, the researchers ran a test electrode for 75 hours continuously, with little change in performance. Overall, Rufer says, their system “is the first PTFE-based electrode which has gone beyond the lab scale on the order of 5 centimeters or smaller. It’s the first work that has progressed into a much larger scale and has done so without sacrificing efficiency.”

The weaving process for incorporating the wire can be easily integrated into existing manufacturing processes, even in a large-scale roll-to-roll process, he adds.

“Our approach is very powerful because it doesn’t have anything to do with the actual catalyst being used,” Rufer says. “You can sew this micrometric copper wire into any gas diffusion electrode you want, independent of catalyst morphology or chemistry. So, this approach can be used to scale anybody’s electrode.”

“Given that we will need to process gigatons of CO2 annually to combat the CO2 challenge, we really need to think about solutions that can scale,” Varanasi says. “Starting with this mindset enables us to identify critical bottlenecks and develop innovative approaches that can make a meaningful impact in solving the problem. Our hierarchically conductive electrode is a result of such thinking.”

The research team included MIT graduate students Michael Nitzsche and Sanjay Garimella,  as well as Jack Lake PhD ’23. The work was supported by Shell, through the MIT Energy Initiative.

[rynli]

me: I should write the one-shot that lives in my head about Harry applying for a job

brain: you will write a whole casefic about Harry realizing being a cop already killed him once, acab applies even to Kim, and he needs to quit if he wants to get better

[porosenoksposts]

[whatudottu]

"You said you can read minds, yes?" The question was emphasised by the tilt of a head, neutral expression flat on crystalline face. "You've mentioned it's pretty overwhelming, you can't control what you hear?" "Yes, yes, and no... not really..." Came Ra'ad's reply, his attention diverted to focus on the corner where wall meets ceiling. Reviewing the biopsychology notes Chio had on amperi, a frown shifts his jaw just enough to be noticed. "If it's not too much to ask," Chio shifts, eyes flicking over his own handwriting to focus in Ra'ad's general direction; he's met by a brief flick of eye contact, "Could you tell me what I'm thinking of now?"

Haha magics and mutants au Ra'ad gets diagnosed as a psychic :P let's hope this neurodivergent old man gets the ability to stop having unwanted voices broadcasting in his head :)c

and a coloured Chio my beautiful therapist 😌