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soon-palestine · 1 year ago

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People line up for bread at a partially collapsed but still operational bakehouse in Nuseirat refugee camp in Deir al Balah, Gaza, Ashraf Amra/Anadolu via Getty Images

The Israeli government is using starvation of civilians as a method of warfare in the Gaza Strip, which is a war crime.

Israeli officials have made public statements expressing their aim to deprive civilians in Gaza of food, water, and fuel – statements reflected in Israeli forces’ military operations.

The Israeli government should not attack objects necessary for the survival of the civilian population, lift its blockade of the Gaza Strip, and restore electricity and water.

(Jerusalem) – The Israeli government is using starvation of civilians as a method of warfare in the occupied Gaza Strip, which is a war crime, Human Rights Watch said today. Israeli forces are deliberately blocking the delivery of water, food, and fuel, while willfully impeding humanitarian assistance, apparently razing agricultural areas, and depriving the civilian population of objects indispensable to their survival.

Since Hamas-led fighters attacked Israel on October 7, 2023, high-ranking Israeli officials, including Defense Minister Yoav Gallant, National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir, and Energy Minister Israel Katz have made public statements expressing their aim to deprive civilians in Gaza of food, water and fuel – statements reflecting a policy being carried out by Israeli forces. Other Israeli officials have publicly stated that humanitarian aid to Gaza would be conditioned either on the release of hostages unlawfully held by Hamas or Hamas’ destruction.

“For over two months, Israel has been depriving Gaza's population of food and water, a policy spurred on or endorsed by high-ranking Israeli officials and reflecting an intent to starve civilians as a method of warfare,” said Omar Shakir, Israel and Palestine director at Human Rights Watch. “World leaders should be speaking out against this abhorrent war crime, which has devastating effects on Gaza’s population.”

Human Rights Watch interviewed 11 displaced Palestinians in Gaza between November 24 and December 4. They described their profound hardships in securing basic necessities. “We had no food, no electricity, no internet, nothing at all,” said one man who had left northern Gaza. “We don’t know how we survived.”

In southern Gaza, those interviewed described the scarcity of potable water, the lack of food leading to empty shops and lengthy lines, and exorbitant prices. “You are on a constant search for things needed to survive,” said a father of two. The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) reported on December 6 that 9 out of 10 households in northern Gaza and 2 out of 3 households in southern Gaza had spent at least one full day and night without food.

International humanitarian law, or the laws of war, prohibits the starvation of civilians as a method of warfare. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court provides that intentionally starving civilians by “depriving them of objects indispensable to their survival, including willfully impeding relief supplies” is a war crime. Criminal intent does not require the attacker’s admission but can also be inferred from the totality of the circumstances of the military campaign.

In addition, Israel’s continuing blockade of Gaza, as well as its more than 16-year closure, amounts to collective punishment of the civilian population, a war crime. As the occupying power in Gaza under the Fourth Geneva Convention, Israel has the duty to ensure that the civilian population gets food and medical supplies.

On November 17, the WFP warned of the “immediate possibility” of starvation, highlighting that supplies of food and water were practically non-existent. On December 3, it reported a “high risk of famine,” indicating that Gaza’s food system was on the brink of collapse. And on December 6, it declared that 48 percent of households in northern Gaza and 38 percent of displaced people in southern Gaza had experienced “severe levels of hunger.”

On November 3, the Norwegian Refugee Council announced that Gaza was grappling with “catastrophic water, sanitation, and hygiene needs.”Wastewater and desalination facilities were shut down in mid-October due to fuel and electricity shortages and have been largely inoperable since, according to the Palestinian Water Authority. Even before October 7, according to the UN, Gaza had virtually no potable water.

Prior to the current hostilities, 1.2 million of Gaza’s 2.2 million people were estimated to be facing acute food insecurity, and over 80 percent were reliant on humanitarian aid. Israel maintains overarching control over Gaza, including over the movement of people and goods, territorial waters, airspace, the infrastructure upon which Gaza relies, as well as the registry of the population. This leaves Gaza’s population, which Israel has subjected to an unlawful closure for 16 years, almost entirely dependent on Israel for access to fuel, electricity, medicine, food, and other essential commodities.

After the imposition of a “total blockade” on Gaza on October 9, Israeli authorities resumed piping water to some parts of southern Gaza on October 15 and, as of October 21, allowed limited humanitarian aid to arrive through the Rafah crossing with Egypt. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on October 19 that Israel would not allow humanitarian assistance “in the form of food and medicines” into Gaza through its crossings “as long as our hostages are not returned.”

The government continued to block the entry of fuel until November 15, despite warnings about the serious consequences of doing so, leading to the shutdown of bakeries, hospitals, sewage pumping stations, water desalination plants, and wells. These facilities, which have been left unusable, are indispensable to the civilian population’s survival. Although limited amounts of fuel were subsequently allowed in, on December 4, the UN Humanitarian Coordinator for the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Lynn Hastings, called it “utterly insufficient.” On December 6, Israel’s war cabinet approved a “minimal” increase in fuel supplies to southern Gaza.

On December 1, immediately after the seven-day ceasefire, the Israeli military resumed bombing Gaza and expanded its ground offensive, stating that its military operations in the south would carry “no less strength” than in the north. While United States officials said that they urged Israel to allow fuel and humanitarian aid to enter Gaza at the same levels observed during the ceasefire, the Defense Ministry’s coordinator of government activities in the territories said on December 1 that it halted all aid entry. Limited aid deliveries resumed on December 2, but still at grossly insufficient levels, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA).

Alongside the crushing blockade, the Israeli military’s extensive airstrikes in the strip have resulted in widespread damage or destruction to objects necessary for the survival of the civilian population.

UN experts said on November 16 that the significant damage “threatens to make the continuation of Palestinian life in Gaza impossible.” Notably, Israeli forces’ bombing of Gaza’s last operational wheat mill on November 15 ensures that locally produced flour will be unavailable in Gaza for the foreseeable future, as highlighted by OCHA. Additionally, the UN Office for Project Services (UNOPS) said that the decimation of road networks had made it more difficult for humanitarian organizations to deliver aid to those who need it.

“Bakeries and grain mills have been destroyed, agriculture, water and sanitation facilities,” Scott Paul, a senior humanitarian policy adviser for Oxfam America, told the Associated Press on November 23.

Israel’s military actions in Gaza have also had a devastating impact on Gaza’s agricultural sector. The sustained bombardment, coupled with fuel and water shortages, alongside the displacement of more than 1.6 million people to southern Gaza, has made farming nearly impossible, according to Oxfam. In a report from November 28, OCHA said that livestock in the north are facing starvation due to the shortage of fodder and water, and that crops are increasingly abandoned and damaged due to lack of fuel to pump irrigation water. Existing problems, such as water scarcity and restricted access to farming land near the border fence, have compounded the difficulties faced by local farmers, many of whom are displaced. On November 28, the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics said that Gaza is suffering from at least a US$1.6 million daily loss in farm production.

On November 28, the Palestine Food Security Sector, led by the WFP and the Food and Agriculture Organization, reported that over a third of agricultural land in the north had been damaged in the hostilities. Satellite imagery reviewed by Human Rights Watch indicates that since the start of the Israeli military's ground offensive on October 27, agricultural land, including orchards, greenhouses, and farmland in northern Gaza, has been razed, apparently by Israeli forces.

The Israeli government should immediately cease using starvation of civilians as a method of warfare, Human Rights Watch said. It should abide by the prohibition on attacks on objects necessary for the survival of the civilian population and lift its blockade of the Gaza Strip. The government should restore water and electricity access, and allow desperately needed food, medical aid, and fuel into Gaza, including via its crossing at Kerem Shalom.

Concerned governments should call on Israel to end these abuses. The United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, and other countries should also suspend military assistance and arms sales to Israel as long as its forces continue to commit widespread and serious abuses amounting to war crimes against civilians with impunity.

“The Israeli government is compounding its collective punishment of Palestinian civilians and the blocking of humanitarian aid by its cruel use of starvation as a weapon of war,” Shakir said. “The deepening humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza calls for an urgent and effective response from the international community.”

Background

The Hamas-led attacks in southern Israel on October 7 killed at least 1,200 Israelis and foreign nationals, with more than 200 people taken hostage, acts amounting to war crimes. The resulting Israeli bombardment and ground offensive resulted in more than 18,700 Palestinians killed, including more than 7,700 children, according to Gaza authorities.

OCHA reported that by December 10, the Israeli military’s bombardment of the Gaza strip had destroyed more than half of the civilian infrastructure in Gaza, including more than 50,000 housing units, as provided by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing in Gaza, as well as hospitals, schools, mosques, bakeries, water pipes, sewage, and electricity networks. On November 4 and 5 alone, according to OCHA, seven water facilities across the Gaza Strip were directly hit and sustained major damage, including water reservoirs in Gaza City, the Jabalia refugee camp, and Rafah.

The Israeli military’s repeated, apparently unlawful attacks on medical facilities, personnel, and transport are further destroying Gaza’s healthcare sector, thereby affecting the population’s ability to access life-saving treatment, including to prevent diseases, wasting, and deaths linked to malnutrition, exacerbating the dire ramifications of starvation. “We will see more people dying from disease than from bombardment if we are not able to put back together this health system,” the World Health Organization's Margaret Harris said on November 28.

Humanitarian Consequences

On October 13, Israeli authorities issued an order for more than a million people to evacuate northern Gaza within 24 hours – an order that was impossible to comply with. Since then, and as conditions in the north worsened, hundreds of thousands have been displaced to Rafah and Khan Younis governorates in the south, where it has become increasingly difficult to secure the means to survive. Under international humanitarian law, evacuations must be carried out under conditions that ensure those displaced have access to unimpeded humanitarian aid, including sufficient food and work, otherwise they may amount to forcible displacement. Evacuations that would increase the likelihood of starvation are prohibited.

The humanitarian consequences of Israel’s military actions in Gaza have been severe. During the first eight weeks of hostilities, northern Gaza was the focus of the Israeli military’s intense air and, later, ground offensive. Except for the seven-day ceasefire that began on November 24, during which UN convoys brought in limited quantities of flour and high-energy biscuits, aid access to the north had been largely severed. Between November 7 and at least November 15, none of the bakeries in the north were operational due to the lack of fuel, water, wheat flour, and structural damage, according to OCHA.

According to the WFP, there is a serious risk of starvation and famine in Gaza. UN officials have said that 1.9 million people, over 85 percent of Gaza's population, are internally displaced, adding that the conditions in an ever-shrinking southern area of the Gaza strip could become “even more hellish.”

UN aid chief Martin Griffiths stated on December 5 that the Israeli military campaign in southern Gaza had led to “apocalyptic” conditions, making meaningful humanitarian operations impossible.

As of December 6, the only water desalination plant in northern Gaza was nonfunctional and the pipeline supplying water to the north from Israel remained closed, increasing the risk of dehydration and waterborne diseases arising from the consumption of water from unsafe sources. Hospitals have been particularly hard hit, with only 1 of 24 hospitals in northern Gaza functional and able to admit new patients, although services are limited, as of December 14.

Across Gaza, the humanitarian crisis deepened with a persistent electricity blackout since October 11 as well as several communications shutdowns that denied people access to reliable safety information, emergency medical services, and severely hindered humanitarian operations, with OCHA saying on November 18 that the telecommunications blackout between November 16 and 18, the fourth such blackout since October 7, “brought the already challenging delivery of humanitarian assistance to an almost complete halt, including life-saving assistance to people injured or trapped under the rubble as a result of airstrikes and clashes.” Another telecommunications blackout took place on December 14.

Since the beginning of the Israeli military’s ground offensive on October 27, satellite imagery reviewed by Human Rights Watch indicates that orchards, greenhouses, and farmland in northern Gaza have been razed, apparently by Israeli forces, compounding concerns of dire food insecurity and loss of livelihood. Satellite imagery indicates that the razing of agricultural land continued in northern Gaza during the seven-day ceasefire, which began on November 24 and ended on December 1, when the Israeli military was in direct control of the area.

While the Israeli government allowed a steady and slightly increased stream of humanitarian aid, including cooking gas for the first time since October 7, to enter the Gaza Strip during the seven-day ceasefire that ended on December 1, it deliberately hindered the entry of relief supplies at the scale needed for over a month prior, while it imposed a siege affecting the entire civilian population. This contributed to a catastrophic humanitarian situation of far-reaching consequences with over 80 percent of the population internally displaced, many of whom have been sheltering in overcrowded, unhealthy and unsanitary conditions at UN shelters in the south. The aid that entered during the ceasefire “barely registers against the huge needs of 1.7 million displaced people,” said UN spokesperson Stephane Dujarric on November 27.

Some 200 trucks, including four tankers carrying up to 130,000 liters of fuel and four tankers of cooking gas, entered Gaza each day of the ceasefire. In comparison, an average of 500 trucks of food and goods entered Gaza each day before the conflict and 600,000 liters of fuel are needed in Gaza per day just to operate water and desalinization plants. As the bombardment resumed and Israeli forces advanced south, aid access was again severely hindered. On December 5, for the third consecutive day, OCHA reported that only Rafah governorate in Gaza received limited aid distributions. In the adjacent Khan Younis governorate, it said aid distribution largely stopped due to the intensity of hostilities.

Accounts from Civilians in Gaza

Human Rights Watch spoke to 11 civilians who evacuated northern Gaza to the perceived safety of the south due to heavy bombardment, fear of imminent airstrikes, or because Israel ordered them to evacuate. Several said they were displaced a number of times before reaching the south, as they struggled to find suitable shelters and safety along their journey. In the south, they found overcrowded shelters, empty markets and soaring prices, and long lines for limited supplies of bread and drinking water. To protect their identities, Human Rights Watch is using pseudonyms for all those interviewed.

“I have to walk three kilometers to get one gallon [of water],” said 30-year-old Marwan, who fled to the south with his pregnant wife and two children on November 9. “And there is no food. If we are able to find food, it is canned food. Not all of us are eating well.”

“We don’t have enough of anything,” said 36-year-old Hana, who fled her home in the north to Khan Younis in the south with her father, his wife and her brother on October 11. She said that in the south they don’t always have access to clean water, forcing them to drink nonpotable, salty, water.

Bathing has become a luxury, she said, due to the lack of means to heat water, requiring them to scavenge for wood. In desperate situations, she said, they even resort to burning old clothes for cooking. The process of making bread poses its own challenges, given the scarcity of ingredients that they cannot afford. “We make bad bread because we don’t have all the ingredients and we cannot afford it,” she said.

Majed, 34, who fled with his wife and four surviving children to the south on or around November 10 said that while the situation in the south was dire, it was incomparable to what he and his family had to endure while staying in the north. They had been in an area near al-Shifa hospital in Gaza City for just over a month after their house was bombed on October 13, killing Majed’s 6-year-old son:

“In those 33 days we didn’t have bread because there was no flour,” he said. “There was no water – we were buying water, sometimes for [US]$10 a cup. It wasn’t always drinkable. Sometimes, [the water we drank] was from the bathroom and sometimes from the sea. The markets around the area were empty. There wasn’t even canned food.”

Taher, 32, who fled south with his family on November 11, described similar conditions in Gaza city in the first weeks of November. “The city was out of everything, of food and water,” he said. “If you find canned food, the prices were so high. We decided to eat just once a day to survive. We were running out of money. We decided to just have the necessities, to have less of everything.”

International Standards and Evidence of Deliberate Action

Starvation of civilians as a method of warfare is prohibited under article 54(1) of the First Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions (Protocol I) and article 14 of the Second Additional Protocol (Protocol II). Although Israel is not a party to Protocols I or II, the prohibition is recognized as reflective of customary international humanitarian law in both international and noninternational armed conflicts. Parties to a conflict may not “provoke [starvation] deliberately” or deliberately cause “the population to suffer hunger, particularly by depriving it of its sources of food or of supplies.”

Warring parties are also prohibited from attacking objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population, such as food and medical supplies, agricultural areas, and drinking water installations. They are obligated to facilitate rapid and unimpeded humanitarian assistance to all civilians in need, and to not deliberately block humanitarian aid or restrict the freedom of movement of humanitarian relief personnel. In each of its four previous wars in Gaza since 2008, Israel maintained the flow of drinking water and electricity into Gaza and opened the Israeli crossings for humanitarian delivery.

Evidence of intent to deliberately use starvation as a method of warfare can be demonstrated by public statements of officials involved in military operations. The following high-ranking Israeli officials could be expected to play a significant role in determining policy with respect to allowing or blocking food and other necessities to the civilian population.

On October 9, Defense Minister Yoav Gallant said: “We are imposing a complete siege on [Gaza]. No electricity, no food, no water, no fuel – everything is closed. We are fighting human animals and we must act accordingly.”

National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir said in a tweet on October 17, “So long as Hamas does not release the hostages – the only thing that should enter Gaza is hundreds of tons of air force explosives – not an ounce of humanitarian aid.”

Energy Minister Israel Katz, who reported that he ordered the cuts to electricity and water, said on October 11:

“For years, we have given Gaza electricity, water, and fuel. Instead of a thank you, they sent thousands of human animals to butcher, murder, rape and kidnap babies, women and elderly people. This is why we have decided to cut off the supply of water, electricity and fuel, and now, the local power plant has collapsed, and there is no electricity in Gaza. We will keep holding a tight siege until the Hamas threat is lifted from Israel and the world. What has been will be no more.”

Katz said on October 12:

“Humanitarian aid to Gaza? Not a switch will be flicked on, not a valve will be opened, not a fuel truck will enter until the Israeli hostages come home. Humanitarian for humanitarian. Let no one lecture us about morality.”

He said on October 16:

“I supported the agreement between PM [Prime Minister] Netanyahu and President Biden to supply water to the southern Gaza Strip because it aligned with Israeli interests too. I am vehemently opposed to lifting the blockade and letting goods into Gaza for humanitarian reasons. Our commitment is to the families of the murdered and to the kidnapped hostages – not Hamas murderers and the people who helped them.”

On November 4, Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich declared that no fuel must enter Gaza “under any circumstances.” He later called Israel’s war cabinet’s decision to permit small amounts to enter the strip “a grave mistake” and said that it “stop this scandal immediately and prevent fuel from coming into the Strip,” as reported by the Jerusalem Post.

In a video posted online on November 4, Col. Yogev Bar-Shesht, deputy head of the Civil Administration, said in an interview from inside Gaza, “Whoever returns here, if they return here after, will find scorched earth. No houses, no agriculture, no nothing. They have no future.”

On November 24, in a televised interview with CNN, Mark Regev, senior adviser to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, said that Israel was depriving Gaza of fuel since October 7 to strengthen Israel’s position when it came to negotiating with Hamas on release of hostages. “Had we done so [allowed the fuel in] … we would never have gotten our hostages out,” he said.

On December 1, the Defense Ministry’s coordinator of government activities in the territories, Maj. Gen. Ghassan Alian, said that the entry of fuel and aid to Gaza was halted after Hamas violated the conditions of the ceasefire agreement. His office confirmed his statement in response to a Times of Israel query, stating: “After the Hamas terror organization violated the agreement and in addition fired at Israel, the entry of humanitarian aid was stopped in the manner stipulated in the agreement.”

Other officials have since October 7 called for the limited entry of humanitarian aid to Gaza, saying that doing so serves Israel’s military aims.

Prime Minister Netanyahu on December 5 answered a question about Israel potentially losing leverage against Hamas if it allowed more humanitarian aid into Gaza, saying: “The war efforts are supported by the humanitarian effort … this is because we follow laws of war because we know that if there would be a collapse – diseases, pandemics, and groundwater infections – it will stop the fighting.”

Defense Minister Gallant said: “We’re required to allow the humanitarian minimum to allow for the military pressure to continue.”

Tzachi Hanegbi, Israel's national security adviser, said at a news conference on November 17: “If there is an epidemic, the fighting will be stopped. If there is a humanitarian crisis and an international outcry, we will not be able to continue the fighting under those conditions.”

On October 18, the Office of the Prime Minister announced that Israel would not prevent humanitarian aid from entering Gaza from Egypt following pressure from the US and other international allies:

“In light of President Biden’s demand, Israel will not thwart humanitarian supplies from Egypt as long as it is only food, water and medicine for the civilian population in the southern Gaza Strip.”

Destruction of Agricultural Products and Impacts on Food Production During ground operations in northern Gaza, Israeli forces have apparently destroyed agricultural products, exacerbating shortages of food with long-term effects. This has included razing orchards, fields, and greenhouses.

October 15, 2023

November 24, 2023

Israel's military said it conducted military operations in the Beit Hanoun area, including in an undisclosed agricultural area in Beit Hanoun, to clear tunnels and other military objectives. Fields and orchards north of Beit Hanoun, for example, were first damaged during hostilities following Israel’s ground operations in late October. Bulldozers carved new roads, clearing the way for Israeli military vehicles. Since mid-November, after Israeli forces took control of the same area in northeastern Gaza, satellite imagery shows that orchards, fields, and greenhouses have been systematically razed, leaving sand and dirt. Human Rights Watch contacted the Israel Defense Forces for comment on December 8 but has not received a response.

November 11, 2023

November 24, 2023

Farmers in this area planted crops such as citrus fruit, potatoes, dragon fruit, and prickly pear, contributing to the livelihoods of Palestinians in Gaza. Other crops include tomatoes, cabbage, and strawberries. Some plots were razed in a day. Trees that yield citrus fruit, as well as the cacti that yield dragon fruit, take years of care to mature before they can yield fruit. High resolution satellite imagery shows bulldozers were used to destroy fields and orchards. Tracks are visible, as well as mounds of earth on the edges of the former plots.

Whether by deliberate razing, damage due to hostilities or the inability to irrigate or work the land, farmland across northern Gaza has been drastically reduced since the beginning of the Israeli ground operations. Farms and farmers in southern Gaza have also been affected. Action Against Hunger found that of 113 farmers from southern Gaza surveyed between October 19 and 31, 60 percent reported that their assets and/or crops have been damaged, 42 percent reported that they had no access to water to irrigate their farms, and 43 percent reported that they were unable to harvest their crops.

#palestine #gaza #human rights watch

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mask131 · 2 years ago

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Cold winter: More about Astérix

MORE ABOUT ASTERIX

Freely translated from the “Dictionary of Characters and Figures – from Literature, Opera, Cinema and BD”

Unlike Alix (see below), Astérix the Gaul, created in 1959 by René Goscinny (texts) and Albert Uderzo (drawings), is a strong enemy of Cesar. In a Gaul almost entirely conquered and pacified, he is the last resistant, just like how companion Obélix the menhir-carver. Gifted with a superhuman strength thanks to a magical potion brewed by the druid of his village, Astérix keeps beating up the poor Roman soldiers he meets, much to the despair and powerlessness of the latter. The lack of drama of the story (since the heroes are invincible) is compensated by a strong caricature and pastiche of the habits and mores of modern France.

The impressive number of translations of the work (one was even done in Latin!) and the numerous attempts at studying the “Astérix phenomenon” prove the enormous success of this little grumpy but sympathetic man, and his oafish sidekick. Interestingly their audience is mostly found among the adults, since the kids tend to not understand the wordplays, Easter eggs and the verbal creativity of the authors. As for the History with a big H, she is constantly wrecked with delicious anachronisms.

- - - - - -

As a note, I want to insist that this Dictionary was published in 1981, so its info and point of view are a bit old – notably, the “Asterix and Obelix” phenomenon was barely twenty years old at this point, unlike today’s whooping sixty years old. It is especially telling that, at this point in history, the writers of the Dictionary assumed that it was ultimately a series more for adults than children – when the series was created precisely for children, and was then re-classed later as a “children thing”. As I told you in my main post about it, the “Asterix” series was precisely aimed at both adults and kids, and this actually confused people for a long time as they weren’t used to have a series that aimed to have an all-age audience.

As for the reference to “Alix”, it is another famous character of the Franco-Belgian BD world. Here is his article:

Alix

Created in 1948 by Jacques Martin, the character of Alix found a huge success in the Tintin Newspaper before getting its own separate series. A young Gaul contemporary of Julius Caesar, Alix was taken as a slave in Asia Minor. Escaping his condition thanks to fights between the Parthians and the Romans, he becomes one of the leaders of the Gaulish opposition against Caesar. However the defeat of Vercingetorix teaches him that the wisest course of action would be to collaborate with the Roman invader – and so, alongside his faithful companion Enak, Alix will start travelling throughout the ancient world as Caesar’s secret agent, and become a prime character in Caesar’s political feuds against Pompey.

The main strengths of this story are its originality, its very detailed art style and its faithful historical reconstruction. A mix of Tintin and Ben Hur, Alix and Enak defend Rome’s imperialism, but with some nuances. In his very last adventure, the young warrior seems to have grown up as he becomes quite attracted by the opposite gender.

[Note: The last note of the Dictionary’s article is actually a nod to something that happened in the world of the Franco-Belgian BD. We had a censorship authority over bande-dessinées, a censorship code quite similar to the one that fell upon American comic books in the 50s. As a result, all mentions of sexuality, but also of love and romance were banned – sometimes even going as far as to remove all female characters that weren’t children or clearly unattractive. As a result, most of the stories were either about children too young for romance or single characters bordering on the asexual and aromantic. It was only after some decades that romance was allowed back into the BDs – hence why in the 80s it is noted that suddenly Alix seems to have gone through some late “puberty” as he now starts to feel attraction for girls after years and years of no-romance adventures].

#cold winter #asterix #asterix and obelix #bd #bande dessinée #french culture #french stuff #alix

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veritasislehq · 1 year ago

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Welcome to the Isle, Veritas Isle that is. Your journey has only just begun. We are delighted to announce that the following have been accepted! Please click anywhere on this sentence to be redirected to the checklist. Please message the main if you have yet to receive a link to the discord server or if you have any additional questions. We're here to answer any and all concerns.

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( emily rudd. she/her. cis woman. ) the courts of veritas welcome MAGNOLIA JAEGER! it’s been said that the 27 year old HUMAN ( GIFTED ) is known to be STALWART and NEGLIGENT. when MALIA isn’t working as a FLOOR & SOCIAL MEDIA MANAGER for JAEGER OUTFITTERS, they can be found participating in HIKING. if you visit their home in ASHBORNE CITY, it may remind you of dirt smears on their face, the taste of ice, breaking curfew, shattered phone screen & loyal but seldom forgiving. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( kass. )

( ruby cruz. she/they. genderflux. ) the courts of veritas welcome ASTRID BLYTHE! it’s been said that the 24 year old HUMAN is known to be FLIRTY and NAIVE. when ASTRID isn’t working as a PIRATE, they can be found participating in PHOTOGRAPHY. if you visit their home on THE ESTRELLA, it may remind you of black and white photos, unread text messages, oversized sweaters, and a sunset over the sea. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( abby.)

( niko terho. he/him. cis man. ) the courts of veritas welcome FELIX BELGRAVE! it’s been said that the 28 (359) year old SIREN is known to be ADVENTUROUS and POSSESSIVE. when FELIX isn’t working as UNEMPLOYED, they can be found participating in EXPLORING. if you visit their home in ECHO COVE, it may remind you of disheveled clothing, drunkenly dancing on tables, confidence that could kill, and bruised lips. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( abby.)

( barrett doss. she/they. Demi woman. ) the courts of veritas welcome JUNIPER ROSSI! it’s been said that the 37 year old SEER is known to be AFFABLE and OVER PROTECTIVE. when JUNI isn’t working as a BARTENDER AT ENCHANTING ELIXIRS, they can be found participating in GARDENING. if you visit their home in RAVENWYCK, it may remind you of the smell of freshly picked flowers, handwritten letters, keeping secrets from loved ones, and unsent postcards. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( abby.)

( algee smith. he/they. demi man. ) the courts of veritas welcome SEBASTIAN HAYES! it’s been said that the 31 (77) year old PHOENIX is known to be CONFIDENT and GUARDED. when BASH isn’t working as an EDITOR AT ASHBORNE CHRONICLES, they can be found participating in BAKING. if you visit their home in ASHBORNE CITY, it may remind you of all nighters, the clicking of a keyboard, hot tea with honey, and a candle burning in the dark. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( abby.)

( ben levin. he/him. cis man. ) the courts of veritas welcome JONATHAN LAO! it’s been said that the 33 year old WIXEN is known to be CHARISMATIC and OBSTINATE. when JONNY isn’t working as a PARAMEDIC, they can be found participating in WOODWORKING. if you visit their home in RAVENWYCK, it may remind you of the crackling of a fire, shadows dancing on the wall, broken clocks, and saving everyone but yourself. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( abby.)

( natacha karam. she/her. cis woman. ) the courts of veritas welcome NISRINE AMARI! it’s been said that the 32 year old HYBRID (HUMAN/FAE) is known to be TRUSTWORTHY and UNPREDICTABLE. when NISRINE isn’t working as a REC CENTER EMPLOYEE, they can be found participating in SCRAPBOOKING. if you visit their home in JUSTPORT, it may remind you of stargazing on the lawn, a cool evening breeze, half finished mugs of coffee, and messy sheets on an unmade bed. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( abby.)

( louis hofmann. he/him. cis man. ) The courts of veritas welcome JAMESON GREENWOOD! it’s been said that the 25 year old BANSHEE is known to be ELEGANT and GENTLE but he’s also UNSTABLE and WEAK. When JAMIE isn’t WORKING AT THE ANIMAL SHELTER at NEW BEGINNINGS, he can be found WRITING IN HIS JOURNAL. If you visit his home in JUSTPORT, it may remind you of LIGHT BLUE SHEETS, A YELLOW RAINCOAT ACROSS A STRIPPED ARMCHAIR, MINT TEA, MINT TOOTHPASTE, BROKEN GLASS TUCKED BENEATH MISMATCHED NIGHTSTANDS, BOOKS AND BOOKS OF ALL SHAPES AND SIZES IN STACKS ACROSS THE FLOOR. He may be your best friend or your greatest enemy.

( juliette. she/her. 25. pst. ) ( david castaneda. he/him. cis man. ) The courts of veritas welcome VALIS MORALES! it’s been said that the 594 year old DRAGON is known to be INVULNERABLE and DECISIVE but he’s also COLD and BELLIGERENT. When VALIS isn’t SERVING DRINKS at THE HINGED SAILOR, he can be found PLAYING POOL OR DARTS. If you visit his home in ASHBORNE CITY, it may remind you of LEATHER COUCHES, THICK BUT WORN OUT BLANKETS, BARE WALLS, CABINETS LINED WITH LIQUOR AND SHELVES FULL OF DYING PLANTS, SMELLS STRONGLY OF BURNT CEDAR. He may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( juliette! )

( daisy edgar jones. she/her. cis woman. ) The courts of veritas welcome ARTEMIS JAEGER! it’s been said that the 27 year old WIXEN is known to be CAPTIVATING and PRACTICAL but she’s also CALLOUS and INSENSITIVE. When ARTEMIS isn’t INSTRUCTING ARCHERY LESSONS at MOUNT CYPRESS, she can be found PRACTICING KNIFE THROWING OR DANCING AT A BAR. If you visit her home in ASHBORNE CITY, it may remind you of TRACKED IN DIRT AND LEAVES, LUSH GREEN, EMBROIDERED LAVENDER, and VELVET PINK FABRICS, BLOOD STAINED TOWELS, POINTED DAGGERS, ROSE WATER WITH WAFTS OF CUCUMBER. She may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( juliette! )

( sam claflin. he&him. cis male. ) the courts of veritas welcome BENNETT AINSLEY! it’s been said that the 302 (37) year old VAMPIRE is known to be HELPFUL and CLOSED-OFF. when BEN isn’t working as a CHIEF OF ORTHOPEDICS AT ASHBORNE CITY GENERAL HOSPITAL, they can be found participating in DILF ACTIVITIES. if you visit their home in SANGUIS POINT, it may remind you of orderly chaos, anatomy books, scribbled post-it notes, children’s toys, the aching pain of grief, cold half-filled mugs of tea. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( rosalie )

( anna diop. she&they. genderfluid. ) the courts of veritas welcome KADIATOU MBAYE! it’s been said that the 818 (35) year old LUMEN DRAGON is known to be BUBBLY and SELF-ABSORBED. when KADI isn’t working as a SOCIALITE, they can be found participating in FLYING AROUND THE ISLAND. if you visit their home in JUSTPORT, it may remind you of gilded interior design, overflowing jewelry boxes, giant wardrobes, tea parties, maximalism, owning 20 tubes of your favorite lipstick, green velvet couches, believing in fairy tale romance. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( rosalie )

( shemar moore. he&him. cis male. ) the courts of veritas welcome KENDRICK DAVIS! it’s been said that the 50 year old WEREWOLF is known to be WELCOMING and VAIN. when KENNY isn’t working as a PERFORMER & OWNER AT THE BONEYARD, they can be found participating in WORKING OUT. if you visit their home in MOONLIT CREEK, it may remind you of wearing just shy of too much cologne, crooked smirks, wicked smiles, classic whiskey, historic memorabilia, body oil, ‘guyliner’, “chivalry will never die”. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( rosalie )

( maddison jaizani. pronouns. gender. ) the courts of veritas welcome ZARNISH AHMADI! it’s been said that the 25 year old WEREWOLF is known to be INNOVATIVE and COMPULSIVE. when ZARA isn’t working as a ESTHETICIAN, they can be found participating in YOGA. if you visit their home in MOONLIT CREEK, it may remind you of color coordinated binders, sentimental photo albums, rainbows after a storm, light pink ruffled bedding & the smell of lavender. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( kass. )

( brian michael smith. he/him. trans man. ) the courts of veritas welcome MARCELLUS MBYAE! it’s been said that the 44 (105) year old FAE is known to be METICULOUS and INHIBITED. when MARCEL isn’t working as a GYM TEACHER & COACH, they can be found participating in PLAYING HOCKEY. if you visit their home in JUSTPORT, it may remind you of black and white photos, breakfast in bed, yelling at espn, dancing in the refrigerator light & listening to taylor swift. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( kass. )

( anna leong brophy. any. genderflux. ) the courts of veritas welcome ! it’s been said that CHUNNING ZHENG the 200 year old PHOENIX is known to be SELF-ASSURED and UNPREDICTABLE. when NIRVANA isn’t working as a BARTENDER & SKYDIVING INSTRUCTOR, they can be found participating in THRILL SEEKING. if you visit their home in JUSTPORT, it may remind you of half finished mugs of coffee, an overflowing shelf, the rush from adrenaline, courage dear heart & jumping fences. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( kass. )

BAHAR AMINI BEAUXREGARD! it’s been said that the 45 year old VAMPIRE is known to be EFFICIENT and HEDNOSTIC. when BONNIE isn’t working as a TALENT SCOUT, they can be found participating in SOCIALIZING. if you visit their home in SANGUIS POINT, it may remind you of six inch heels, leaving before the other wakes up, imposter syndrome, not recognizing yourself in the mirror & longing for the past. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( kass. )

( chris hemsworth. he/him. cis man. ) the courts of veritas welcome HEATH SILVERTON! it’s been said that the 38 year old SIREN is known to be DEPENDABLE and IRRESOLUTE. when HEATH isn’t working as a FIRE CAPTAIN, they can be found participating in PLAYING MUSIC. if you visit their home in ECHO COVE, it may remind you of the scent of cedar and pine, rugged flannel shirts, weathered face, logs become seats & acoustic serenades by the fire. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( kass. )

( serkan çayoğlu. he/him. cis man. ) the courts of veritas welcome IDRIS YILMAZ! it’s been said that the 39 year old FAE is known to be ADAPTABLE and HEEDLESS. when IDRIS isn’t working as a CARD DEALER, they can be found participating in GAMBLING. if you visit their home in LOCATION ON MAP, it may remind you of a tale of deceit wrapped around his finger, skillful bluffs, a trail of false names, hushed conversations, changing colors to fit, suave charm & polished manners. they may be your best friend or your greatest enemy. ( kass. )

#accepted

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denimbex1986 · 1 year ago

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'Now that the radioactive fallout from Oppenheimer’s detonation is starting to settle, and the mushroom cloud that was Barbenheimer has drifted away on the breeze, it’s a bit easier to see the whole thing for what it was. Christopher Nolan has made a good film, and loads of people went to see it at the cinema, and so far it’s made north of $725 million on a $100 million budget. Happy days, whichever way you slice it.

Leave aside the typically Nolanesque time-scrambling narratives and Oppenheimer is, in a lot of ways, a blast from the past. It’s a war story packed with stars, led by a prestige director and hotly tipped for awards season. You’ve seen a hundred of ‘em. They’re BBC4 fodder. Yet Oppenheimer – in a quite Nolan-y twist – might also be the future too.

Oppenheimer hasn’t started a trend, but it’s the first of a run of historical epics which could turn out to be blockbusters like it has become. Ridley Scott continues his ridiculously productive eighties with a biopic of Napoleon Bonaparte, starring Joaquin Phoenix as the general and Vanessa Kirby as his wife Joséphine. When it was announced Scott said he’d always been fascinated by the French emperor. “He came out of nowhere to rule everything – but all the while he was waging a romantic war with his adulterous wife Joséphine,” Scott said. “He conquered the world to try to win her love, and when he couldn't, he conquered it to destroy her, and destroyed himself in the process.”

He’s also working on Gladiator 2 with (Esquire's newest cover star) Paul Mescal and Pedro Pascal, which should be gigantic. They’re all about different times and different ideas, and their attitudes toward actual history range from painstakingly researched to a broad feeling for vibes. And, really, the historical epic never went away. But it feels like it’s back as one of the pillars of Big Event Movies after some time gathering dust in the archives.

There’s a distinction here between a historical epic and a period drama. A period drama plops a story and characters into a time and place in a few specific bits of the past: the whole of the 20th century is up for grabs, plus the grottier bits of the nineteenth, the fancier bits of the early 18th, and Shakespearean London. A historical epic is less about using a time and place as a setting and more about using it as an engine for the story. Gladiator might be fictional, but it’s the heaving tides of history that take Maximus Decimus Meridius from the front lines of the war against Germanic tribes to North Africa and back to Rome.

But more than anything, it’s about the size of the ideas. Period dramas tend to be drawn on a smaller scale while historical epics reach for something timeless and gigantic. For instance: Oppenheimer broke apart the fundamental matter of the universe and made it possible for humanity to destroy itself; Pearl Harbor was more interested in blowing things up. One is an epic, the other is Pearl Harbor.

We’re in the middle of one of the occasional booms in historical movies. Last year there was The Woman King and All Quiet on the Western Front, both of which made their mark – the latter won seven Baftas including Best Film – but along with musicals they’re a type of movie that have been popular as long as there’s been movies.

The late Twenties and Thirties were a golden age: between 1929 and 1939, six of the 10 Best Picture Oscar winners were historical epics. They were big through the early Sixties too: the Elizabeth Taylor-Richard Burton Cleopatra bombed but was a massive story, while Ben-Hur, Spartacus, El Cid and Lawrence of Arabia were huge hits.

You can see the appeal for filmmakers and studios: some of these stories are so embedded within the culture that everyone roughly knows what they’re getting themselves into beforehand. Making a movie about Napoleon – or Hitler, or Henry VIII, or Helen of Troy – makes marketing a breeze. It’s the historical equivalent of making another Expendables. You know where you are.

So why are they back now? Well, on one level, they might not actually be back. This might be two Ridley Scott films and a Chris Nolan film landing in the same 18-month period, to the power of a one-off grassroots cross-promotional meme-storm. This isn’t like the boom in biopics about products and brands. It’s not like every streamer is going to be able to join the rush by running to one of Britain’s A-list directors and getting them to knock together a biopic of Charlemagne.

I think there’s certainly something to the excitement which Oppenheimer, Napoleon and Gladiator 2 have generated though. They’re all likely to be very serious films with designs on big awards, and though the stock of historical movies goes up and down it’s rare that there’s a year when not a single one is nominated for the Best Picture Oscar – it was 2009 last time that happened. But none of those movies challenged the top 10 of the biggest grossing movies in their years. You’ve got to go back to The Last Samurai in 2003 for the last historical movie to make the global top 10. As it stands, Oppenheimer is fourth in the 2023 list.

Oppenheimer strikes a noticeably grown-up tone for a Big Event Movie to take after a good 15 years where most of the Big Event Movies have either been from Marvel or the world of Avatar. In fact, movies like Oppenheimer are the exact opposite of the huge hits we’ve gradually become blasé about. Not every movie can be an event, but as the various multiverses unravel, there’s hope in the fact that stories told inventively by skilled directors have shown they can get people buying cinema tickets and talking about movies. We’re not looking at a chain reaction here, but a spark which might catch light.'

#Oppenheimer #Napoleon #Gladiator 2 #The Last Samurai #Oscars #Barbenheimer #Christopher Nolan #Joaquin Phoenix #Vanessa Kirby #Paul Mescal #Pedro Pascal #The Woman King #All Quiet on the Western Front #Marvel

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bernardo1969 · 1 year ago

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Wisdom teaches us to focus more on the quality than the quantity of things, and this is so because wisdom is an excellence, a perfection. And this fact transmits the importance of wisdom, because wisdom does not stay in the appearance of things, but goes to the deepest causes, that is why wisdom is capable of giving to men valuable counsel. No matter how many, the master of wisdom Ben Sira taught, but the good is surely always the best, he affirmed; and he left as an example the number of children for a man, and this is so because longevity and peace are far from sinful children: "Do not yearn for worthless children, or rejoice in wicked offspring. Even if they be many, do not rejoice in them if they do not have fear of the LORD. Do not count on long life for them, or have any hope for their future. For one can be better than a thousand; rather die childless than have impious children!" Ben Sira 16:1-3. And then Ben Sira continued and sought to give us a similar teaching, but from another point of view: "Through one wise person a city can be peopled; but through a clan of rebels it becomes desolate" Ben Sira 16:4. The wise man told that a single but sufficiently intelligent man can give life to an entire city, and we see this example in the life of the macedonian Alexander the Great, who having arrived in the land of Egypt founded the city of Alexandria, this famous city eventually became the second most important city in the ancient world after Rome. But the wise man also told us, a large group of perverts, can destroy a city and without saying it directly with this he referred to the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah that were destroyed due to the perversion of their inhabitants. In conclusion, better a little but good than a lot but bad.

#wisdom #daily bible #spiritual formation

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personal-reporter · 1 year ago

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Formula E e E –Prix 2023 a Roma

La Formula E torna a Roma per l’Hankook E-Prix 2023 nel weekend del 15 e 16 luglio, per la penultima tappa del campionato mondiale delle monoposto elettriche in uno dei circuiti cittadini più lunghi della manifestazione, con 3,3 km per 19 giri complessivi. Inoltre le sfide poste dal tracciato ai piloti sono numerose, per via delle ondulazioni, dei dislivelli, delle superfici irregolari e dei salti, che garantiranno al pubblico sugli spalti e da casa, divertimento, emozioni e sorprese, per una competizione molto seguita dagli appassionati dell’elettrico ad alte prestazioni. Da quando ha fatto il suo debutto al Parco Olimpico di Pechino nel 2014, la Formula E è cresciuta fino a diventare un simbolo di intrattenimento globale, attirando una griglia piena dei migliori piloti e team in circolazione. Giunta alla sua nona stagione, la Formula E vede 22 piloti suddivisi in 11 squadre che rappresentano marchi come Maserati, Jaguar e Porsche. L’ePrix di Roma offrirà inoltre ai cittadini diversi momenti di incontro ed intrattenimento infatti, prima della gara di sabato, il DJ internazionale Jonas Blue,accompagnerà l’arrivo del pubblico con un live set direttamente dal Podio del Rome E-Prix, dalle 13:20 alle 14:05. Per chi avrà il biglietto di ingresso alle tribune, inoltre, c’è la possibilità, prima della gara, di dare un’occhiata ai box auto durante la Pit Lane Walk, con sessione autografi da parte dei piloti. Sarò anche possibile passeggiare, correre o anche ballare, lungo tutto il tracciato tramite i Locals on Track, con meeting point ad ogni curva. La prima generazione di E-Racer aveva una potenza massima di 200 kW, sufficiente per una velocità massima di 225 km/h, mentre l’ultima generazione di racer, la Gen3 può oggi vantare una potenza di ben 350 kW e una velocità massima di 322 km/h. La Formula E ha cambiato il suo modello per la nona stagione del campionato E-Prix, in precedenza la durata delle gare era di 45 minuti, durante i quali i piloti riuscivano a completare tra i 33 e i 46 giri per ogni gara. A partire dal 2023, la durata della gara di Formula E è determinata dal tempo impiegato dai concorrenti per completare 33 giri. Nei giorni precedenti e successivi alla gara, il quartiere romano sarà interessato da un programma di lavorazioni per il montaggio e smontaggio del circuito, che comporteranno alcune modifiche dei percorsi delle linee bus, della circolazione e della sosta. Read the full article

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catilinas · 7 years ago

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ben jonson, catiline his conspiracy:

CATILINE:

If an oration, or high language, Fathers,

could make my guilty, here is one, hath done it:

H'has strove to emulate this morning's thunder,

with his prodigious rhetoric.

steven saylor, catilina’s riddle:

“If only I would cast lightning bolts, like Jupiter.” He gazed at the back of his hand. “Cicero can—did you know that? Lightning bolts emanate from his fingers. A kind of lightning, anyway. He points at the mob in the Forum; sparks gather at his fingertips and flash into blue flame. He shoots shafts of lightning straight into their eyes and ears, blinding them to the truth, turning them deaf to reason.”

#just saying but like everything in the world is the same #im still yelling over my dude steven saylor quoting chc in the preface.... he did that #like i love r*bert h*rris but like.gotta be audax to reference ben jonson #catiline his conspiracy #roma sub rosa #catilinaria #beeps #book rambling #rome plays #blue lightning

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littledevilsalai · 3 years ago

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Sources & Resources

Bibliography

Isaacson, Walter (2017). Leonardo da Vinci. New York: Simon & Schuster

Lacombe, Benjamin and Echegoyan, Paul (2015). Leonardo & Salaì. Berlin: Verlagshaus Jacoby & Stuart

Lewis, Ben (2019). The last Leonardo: the secret lives of the world’s most expensive painting. New York: Random House Publishing.

Nicholl, Charles (2004). Leonardo da Vinci: flights of the mind. New York: Viking Penguin Books

Richter, Jean Paul (1883). The literary works of Leonardo Da Vinci, vols. 1 & 2. London: S. Low, Searle & Rivington. Digitized by Getty Research Institute.

Stiles, Raymond Somers (1970). The sublimations of Leonardo da Vinci, with a translation of the Codex Trivulzianus. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press

Suh, H. Anna, ed. (2005). Leonardo’s notebooks: writing and art of the great master. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, Inc.

Turner, Jane, ed. (2006) Benezit Dictionary of Artists.Paris: Éditions Gründ

Wasserman, Jack (1970). Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (Vol. 19, “Gian Giacomo Caprotti”). Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana - Volume 19 (1976)

Zecchini, Maurizio (2013). Leonardo da Vinci and Gian Giacomo Caprotti called Salaì: the enigma of a painting. Venice: Marsilio Editori

Resource & Article Links

http://monalisa.org/2012/09/08/the-travel-journal-of-antonio-de-beatis

http://monalisa.org/the-earlier-version/provenance-2/

https://tourdetravoy.wordpress.com/2020/08/26/investigating-the-route-leonardo-da-vinci-may-have-used-to-travel-from-rome-in-italy-to-amboise-in-france-in-1516/

https://pushkinmuseum.art/data/fonds/europe_and_america/j/1001_2000/zh_2667/index.php

https://www.rct.uk/collection/themes/exhibitions/leonardo-da-vinci-a-life-in-drawing/walker-art-gallery-liverpool/the-head-of-a-youth-in-profile

http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2007/important-old-master-paintings-and-european-works-of-art-n08282/lot.34.html

https://intro819.wordpress.com/2017/11/12/chiaroscuro-a-study-of-light-and-darkness-as-fact-and-fiction-in-conceiving-vertigos-the-private-lives-of-leonardo-da-vinci/

https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/10/16/the-secret-lives-of-leonardo-da-vinci

https://www.finestresullarte.info/opere-e-artisti/salai-gian-giacomo-caprotti-allievo-ladro-e-bugiardo-di-leonardo-da-vinci

http://monalisa.org/2013/03/19/salai-and-the-two-paintings/

https://www.artmarketmonitor.com/2020/10/30/rare-penitent-magdelene-by-leonardo-disciple-to-sell-in-paris/

https://en.ivankrutoyarov.com/2013/02/mona-lisa-copies.html

https://www.fromoldbooks.org/Richter-NotebooksOfLeonardo/

#Salaì #Gian Giacomo Caprotti #c'est vrai Salaì #The Little Devil: In Defense of Salaì

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youre-in-the-psycho-circus · 4 years ago

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Nine Months | Prologue | Ben Hardy

Pairing: Ben Hardy x Reader

Warnings: None! Pure tooth rotting fluff!

Word Count: 2,120

Summary: Ben has everything in life he could ever ask for. An adorable beagle, a thriving acting career, and most importantly - (Y/N), his beautiful wife. Nothing could make life better, until (Y/N) finds out she’s due to give Ben the greatest gift she can give in nine months time.

Masterlist

Permanent Tag List: @sparkleslightlyy

Nine Months Tag List: @mamaskillerqueen @@eggs-whiskey-snipes

Add yourself to my Tag Lists by filling out this survey here!

The best day of (Y/N)’s life had been the day her boyfriend of three years, Ben Jones - better known by his stage name Ben Hardy - had proposed to her. The pair had been on holiday in Italy together, a trip that had been completely organised by Ben, to commemorate their third anniversary together as a couple on the 17th of July. The first two days had been spent in the seaside city of Naples and was exactly what the couple needed to start off their stay in Italy. Ben had arranged for them to stay at the best hotel - Romeo. Their hotel room had lovely views of the Gulf of Naples. Their stay saw a bit of beach time for the pair as they laid out in the sand of the soft, sandy white beaches drinking in the sun on the beaches of Capri after exploring the blue grotto. Deciding to go off the beaten path a bit, they found a nice place in Sorrento to go cliff diving. They, of course, there was a lot of pizza to be had as it was the city where it originated from.

The next three days they were off to Rome to explore every nook and cranny, every bit of culture the city had for them to soak up. Their time in Rome saw the admiration of the various historical landmarks - the Colosseum, the Sistine Chapel, the Pantheon - visiting the museums, once shopping in the markets, of course, various food and wine consumption - desserts especially, and as a bit of fun and adventure, a guided ghost tour of Rome of the crypts and catacombs.

Their final three days saw them heading, of course, to Venice. Sight-seeing, wine tasting, gondola rides, and once again shopping in the markets. Their final night, the 17th of July, was when their lives changed forever. Ben had arranged a sunset dinner cruise for just (Y/N) and himself around the lagoons and canals in a traditional gondola for their anniversary. It offered the city’s best waterfront views of the elegant Renaissance architecture which they had been enjoying their entire time there. Then to cap it off at the end of the ride, high-end Italian gastronomy during a sumptuous, four-course restaurant meal. It had been so beautiful in the low light of the evening, a glass of wine in hand as she sat tucked into Ben’s embrace on the gondola as he whispered sweet nothings into her ear.

Ben had looked so handsome sitting there in his smart outfit which consisted of a pair of brown loafers with white trousers, a brown belt that matched the shoes, a light blue button-up, and to dress up the look further, a navy blazer. She couldn’t take her eyes off the blond actor who had, for the last three years, made her life an absolute dream. Of course to Ben, she was more gorgeous than any of the spectacular views they had seen in the last week. She was an absolute vision in the (F/C) dress he had bought for her prior to the trip. Her (H/L) (H/C) locks hung elegantly around her face, and with the light amount of lip gloss she had on her lips, he was fighting every fibre of his being to not lean in and kiss her right there at that moment. Heart pounding within his chest he set his wine glass down on the small table in front of them as his hand dipped into his blazer’s pocket. He pointed out something for (Y/N) to look at, in the opposite direction, as they neared the bridge he had arranged for a photographer to be waiting to capture the exact moment he proposed to the love of his life. When she turned around to face her celadon gazed boyfriend, she was met with the sight of the widest of grins plastered to his face as he held a small velvet ring box still out of her line of sight. Now Ben had had a lot of hard parts over the course of his acting career, but not even the full-frontal nudity scene he had done in the show he did right out of university could compare to what was about to leave his mouth. The twinkle in her lovely (E/C) irises made his stomach do flip flops as he started the monologue that could only end in one of two ways. “(Y/N)...I can't imagine growing old with anyone else, nor do I want to. No matter where my career takes me, I know my life will never be complete without you beside me to share it so...” He paused as he brought the red velvet ring box into her line of sight. He opened it slowly to show the most beautiful ring she had ever laid her eyes on and everything that she had wanted in an engagement ring - rose cut diamond set atop a rose gold band inset with diamonds going three-quarters of the way down. Of course, being on a boat, he couldn’t properly get down on one knee, but at that moment, it didn’t matter. (Y/N)’s hand flew to her mouth, covering the absolutely shocked smile on her lips as tears welled in her effervescent (E/C) irises. “Will you marry me?”

Tears of joy falling down her face, (Y/N) nodded furiously, her voice failing her at that moment as she lowered her hand so the actor could see the elated smile covering her features. “Yes. Yes, Ben. A million times yes.” She managed to choke out after a few moments.

Ben smiled, tears of joy welling in his own eyes as he pulled the ring from the box, slipping it onto her finger. “Fits perfectly.” He smiled brightly as a single tear left his eye. He had had to guess on her ring size in order to keep it a surprise. “And looks absolutely perfect...just like you.” Ben leaned in to kiss those gorgeous lips of hers finally as she placed her newly engaged hand on his cheek allowing the photographer to capture the absolute perfect engagement photo, among the others he had already taken and would continue to. He couldn’t resist congratulating the couple as they passed under the bridge prompting laughter from the female.

“You really thought of everything, didn’t you Mr Jones?” She asked with a soft smile on her features as she gently caressed his cheek as they floated under the bridge.

“Nothing’s too good for the future Mrs Jones.” He smiled kissing her again as they floated off to the spectacular Italian dinner that awaited them.

A year later, to the exact date the blond actor proposed, saw their wedding. They kept it small as they both wanted, close friends and family. It had taken so much energy on both of the couple’s parts to not start crying the moment that (Y/N) began to walk down the aisle to an arrangement of The Beatles ‘In My Life’. Ben had never seen anything so beautiful in all his life seeing her as she practically floated toward her in the dress she had talked about for so long. It was a nightmare holding back his tears as he tried to work his way through his vows to her after her own had practically made him start bawling. “I always knew I loved you, (Y/N), from the moment that we met...I just didn’t realise how I couldn’t live without you until I had to leave you for months on end to film.” He whimpered. “I didn’t think it was possible to love someone as much as I love you and for a long while...I thought myself to be unlovable. You are my muse, you inspire me to be a better man, and I can’t live without you. I desperately need you to take care of me because I’m a mess all the time.” He laughed softly trying to stop the sobs that were threatening to escape his throat. “And when I met you, I knew I'd met my match. It was only a matter of time until we arrived here, at this moment...you deserve the very best, someone who will back you up without limits, let you grow without borders, and love you without end. And I will spend the rest of my life trying my absolute best to be the man you deserve. I will take care of you, love you, and support you unconditionally...you’re the love of my life (Y/N)...and I was born to love you.”

It wasn’t long after the minister was saying the six words they had been waiting for the entire ceremony. “You may now kiss the bride.”

As soon as their lips connected, the lead up into Brian’s solo in Queen’s ‘Somebody to Love’ live in Montreal began to play. A set of fireworks and sparklers erupted in both of their minds at the contact of the other, their friends and family jumped to their feet in cheers of joy for the new happy couple especially as Ben dipped his new bride back for the deepest, most tender kiss he could manage. “Shall we Mrs Jones.” He smiled at her when they pulled apart a few moments later, offering his hand to her.

“I thought you’d never ask Mr Jones.” She smiled brightly at her new husband, (E/C) irises glinting with nothing but pure love and bliss for the celadon gazed actor before her as her hand slipped perfectly into his. They shared one more quick kiss as they walked back up the aisle together, ready to start their life together, after their first dance to Led Zeppelin's 'Thank You’ at their reception of course.

The first six months of marriage had been pure bliss for the new couple. They had opted for an all-inclusive resort in Jamaica for their honeymoon before returning to their home in London. Ben kept close to home for that first six months, taking jobs that wouldn’t take him away for longer than a week at a time at most. He wanted to be with her every moment they got, and even well into the fall, their absolute favourite thing to do was take their beagle Frankie for walks through Regents Park and Hyde Park, hand in hand or sneak away for cinnamon rolls at Söderberg in Soho. It wasn’t until the end of January in that first year did Ben finally accept a part he really wanted in a film that would require him to move to Montreal for two months. “I can’t believe you’re leaving tomorrow…” (Y/N) sighed as they laid on their couch, tangled in each other’s embrace, two finished glasses of wine resting on their apothecary table as a film, long since forgotten, played on the television. “For two whole months…”

“It’s nothing we haven’t done before, love.” Ben chuckled softly as he absentmindedly traced small circles on her hip with his pointer finger.

“Yeah…” She sighed, turning her (E/C) gaze up to meet his. “But I wasn’t saying goodbye to my husband then.” She leaned up to gently place her lips on his, the spark of attraction passing through them just as it had the first time they kissed.

He laughed in his throat as he gently caressed her cheek with his thumb. “You saying I wasn’t worthy of being missed when I was your boyfriend?”

“No.” (Y/N) giggled flipping over so she could straddle his lap, making the blond actor smirk as his hands rested soundly on her hips. She leaned down to place her hands on his cheeks, her breath hot on his face as it danced gently across his skin. “I’m just saying I’ll miss my husband more.” She whispered before lightly ghosting her lips over his before kissing down his jaw, gently nipping at the skin. She was careful, she knew she wasn’t allowed to leave marks on him when he was about to leave for or was in the middle of a job, however, Ben knew her body was an open canvas for him to decorate as he pleased.

“Well then…” Ben mumbled against her lips as he moved to stand up, keeping her legs wrapped firmly around his waist as he carried her to the bedroom. He gently laid her down on the bed, running a hand through her (H/L) (H/C) locks that splayed out over the mattress so elegantly. They framed her so perfectly, highlighting her every feature, her (E/C) irises glinting with seduction up at him making (Y/N) look absolutely irresistible to the actor as he smiled down at her. “Allow me to give you a night to tide you over until we meet again, Mrs Jones.” And that he did.

MONTH 1

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euroadventure · 3 years ago

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Pian di San Martino - Todi - Lago di Corbara - Orveito - Valle dei Calanchi - Bagnoregio

Dinsdag 18 mei

Vandaag rijd ik zoveel mogelijk richting Rome waar ik morgen Wendy op haal die spontaan mij komt opzoeken. Ik kijk ernaar uit om haar te zien en weer lekker in het Nederlands uitgebreid bij te kletsen. Vandaag kom ik toevallig vlak langs haar trouwlocatie, waar we vorig jaar september met de hele vriendengroep waren uitgenodigd 😁.

Maar voor ik daar in de buurt kom, start ik met een kort bezoekje aan het stadje Todi. Inmiddels beginnen alle stadjes steeds meer op elkaar te lijken...ik raak wat verwend denk ik 😉.

Vanuit Todi rij ik verder richting Lago di Corbara. Het leek mij een leuke tussenstop, maar hoe de navigatie mij nu weer stuurt...🙈..dat maakt het een stuk minder leuk. Via een nauwe en steile bergpas kom ik bij een onverharde weg. Ik laat deze maar links liggen en besluit af te dalen via een normale weg en route. Uiteindelijk bij het meer aangekomen valt het wat tegen. Er staan veel hekken om heen en het zicht is helaas niet top en dus rij ik na een lunchstop weer rustig verder.

Het uitzicht onderweg is overigens wel mooi, ondanks de soms erg slechte wegen kan ik daar zeker van genieten.

Ik maak nog een korte stop in Orvieto. Ik maak wat mooie foto's van de binnenstad en vertrek na twee uurtjes rondlopen weer. Het lijkt hier haast uitgestorven.

Ik heb nog iets ontdekt via Google maps, een vallei. En zoals de foto's laten zien moet dit wel bijzonder zijn. Misschien kan ik hier nog wandelen? Na een half uur rijden met een gemiddelde van 10km/h kom ik aan bij een splitsing. De navigatie stuurt me omhoog een onverharde weg op. Daar trap ik niet meer in 😉. Ik zie dat het nog maar 800 meter is tot de vallei en besluit daarom om mijn camper te parkeren aan de kant van de weg en te gaan lopen.

Achteraf gezien blijkt het maar goed te zijn dat ik ben gaan lopen, want het is supersteil en de weg wordt steeds slechter. Met mijn camper had ik dit nooit gered.

Eenmaal boven wacht mij gelukkig een prachtig uitzicht! 😍 Het was absoluut de moeite waard. Een rondwandeling gaat helaas niet, maar ik blijf hier bijna een half uur genieten, van de rust en het uitzicht.

Wanneer ik weer beneden ben rijd ik terug naar Bagnoregio het plaatsje waar ik mijn lange dag wil afsluiten. De brug naar het oude stadje 'Civita di Bagnoregio' ligt vanaf de parkeerplaats op twintig minuten lopen. Het heeft wat weg van Le Mont Saint-Michel in Frankrijk. Het is al laat wanneer ik daar aankom en ik loop niet meer over de naar het oude stadje toe. Ik bekijk het op afstand en ga terug naar de parkeerplaats.

Vlakbij ligt een mooie camperplaats op een groot grasveld en naast een bos. Hier blijf ik vanacht staan, het is morgen vanaf hier nog een kleine twee uur rijden naar het vliegveld.

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anxietycurved · 4 years ago

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What Am I Listening To: A-Z

Thank you @selflove-letter er for the tag!

A - At Least it Was Here by The 88

B - Be Okay by Oh Honey

C - Crashed the Wedding by Busted

D - Dragons by The Workday Release

E - Endlessly by The Cab

F - Fearless by Taylor Swift

G - Girls Do What They Want by The Maine

H - Here’s to the Zero by Marianas Trench

I - I Don’t Wanna Be Sad by Simple Sad

J - Just Kids by Mat Kearney

K - King of Anything by Sara Bareilles

L - Lemons by Ashley Tisdale

M - My Life by Billy Joel

N - Note to Self by Ben Rector

O - One More Light by Linkin Park

P - Postcards from Rome by Corey Kilgannon

Q - Questions by Marlisa

R - Remembering Sunday by All Time Low

S - Sidekick by Man Overboard

T - Terrible Things by Mayday Parade

U - Unforgettable by Thomas Rhett

V - Voices in My Head by Ashley Tisdale

W - Way Less Sad by AJR

X - Xenophobic by Eyedress

Y - Young Volcanos by Fall Out Boys

Z - Zombie by The Cranberries

That was a long doozy. I’m gonna tag @letterst0n00ne @c0ltraine @eckspress and @actuallyanangel

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papermoonloveslucy · 4 years ago

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THE MARTIN & LEWIS SHOW

April 3, 1949

“The Martin and Lewis Show” was a radio comedy-variety program in the United States. It was broadcast on NBC beginning April 3, 1949, and ending July 14, 1953. It starred the comedy team of Jerry Lewis and Dean Martin. Martin was the singer of the pair, and Lewis was the comedian. it was named Favorite Radio Comedy Show in Radio-TV Mirror magazine's 1952 poll.

The series was produced by Bob Adams, and directed by Robert L. Redd and Dick Mack. Written by Ed Simmons and Norman Lear, although they were not hired until late 1950.

This is the pilot episode, and was not numbered. It was originally 37 minutes, but was later edited to 30 minutes for broadcast.

Regulars on the program included Ben Alexander, Sheldon Leonard, Florence MacMichael, The Skylarks, and Mary Hatcher. Announcers were Jimmy Wallington and Johnny Jacobs. Dick Stabile was both the bandleader and a foil for Martin and Lewis.

Dean Martin was born Dino Paul Crocetti in Steubenville, Ohio, in 1917. He made his screen debut in a short playing a singer in Art Mooney’s band, but his first big screen role was 1949’s My Friend Irma with Jerry Lewis. This began a partnership that would be one of the most successful screen pairings in cinema history. Later, he also worked frequently members of “the Rat Pack”: Frank Sinatra, Joey Bishop, Peter Lawford, and Sammy Davis Jr. His persona was that of a playboy, usually seen with a glass of booze and a cigarette. Martin appeared on “The Lucy Show” in what Ball later said was her favorite episode of the series. Martin and Lucille Ball appeared on many TV variety and award shows together and made the TV movie “Lucy Gets Lucky” in 1975. He died on Christmas Day in 1995 at age 78.

Jerry Lewis was a comedian, actor, and singer born in Newark, New Jersey in 1926. He was known for his slapstick humor and was originally paired up with Dean Martin, forming the famed comedy team of Martin and Lewis. His long-standing commitment to hosting the annual Muscular Dystrophy telethon in 2010, after 44 years, earning him a nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1977. He was also presented the French Legion of Honor in 1984. He appeared with Lucille Ball Lewis on “Danny Thomas’s Wonderful World of Vaudeville” in 1965. He died in 2014.

Frank Nelson (Agent) was born on May 6, 1911 (three months before Lucille Ball) in Colorado Springs, Colorado. He started working as a radio announcer at the age of 15. He later appeared on such popular radio shows as “The Great Gildersleeve,” “Burns and Allen,” and “Fibber McGee & Molly”. He performed in 11 episodes of “My Favorite Husband.” On “I Love Lucy” he holds the distinction of being the only actor to play two recurring roles: Freddie Fillmore and Ralph Ramsey, as well as six one-off characters, including the frazzled train conductor in “The Great Train Robbery” (ILL S5;E5), a character he repeated on “The Lucy Show.” Aside from Lucille Ball, Nelson is perhaps most associated with Jack Benny and was a fifteen-year regular on his radio and television programs.

Lucille Ball (Guest Star) as then finishing her first season of her radio series “My Favorite Husband”. She was two months away from the premiere of her film Sorrowful Jones with Bob Hope.

Synopsis ~ It's time to go over to Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis's hotel room before they do their first radio show.

EPISODE

In Jerry and Dean’s hotel room, they are getting dressed to do their show when the telephone rings. They fear it is someone from NBC wanting to know where they are. The phone continues to ring.

Dean reasons that they did well in nightclubs, but Jerry says those people paid to get in, while radio audiences get in for free. Jerry is afraid his act may offend someone, and he’d get sent to Siberia. Dean thinks the radio show may lead to fame in motion pictures. Jerry can’t see the positive and sees only failure. The phone rings again.

Jerry answers the phone and it is his agent (Frank Nelson), wondering where the h-e-c-k they are. Dean says they can’t leave until he rehearses his romantic number.

Dean (and orchestra) launches into "You Won't Be Satisfied (Until You Break My Heart)" by Freddy James and Larry Stock in 1946.

There’s a knock on the door. It’s the maid come to clean. She notices that the room is clean - and fears she’ll be fired. She is upset that their towels say his and hers instead of his and his. Jerry tells her not to dust the dresser because he keeps his kitten in there.

MAID: “My, you’re odd people.” LEWIS: “We ain’t odd. We’re entertainers.”

Outside the NBC Studio, two women are excited to see Martin and Lewis. Lewis stands behind them, although they don’t recognize him. They faun over Dean’s good looks and talent, much to Lewis’s dismay. Dean strolls up and the girls get giddy with excitement.

Inside the studio, the orchestra tunes up and everyone shouts hello: producer, director, singer, technicians. When Dean needs quiet to rehearse, Jerry feels left out. Dean introduces Lucille Ball, but she’s angry that he’s upset Jerry.

Lucille promises she’ll protect Jerry from Dean. Lucille starts to notice how athletic and handsome Dean is. She gradually softens. Suddenly Lucille is defending Dean to Jerry!

JERRY: “You do think I’ll be a big success, don’t ya Lucille?” LUCILLE: “Why not? Lassie made it!”

Lucille says she’s planned an opening night party for the boys, but is concerned about Jerry’s behavior.

Oops! Jerry Lewis trips over his words, and ad libs: “It’s too close to the paper, whaddya want?”

Jerry defends his behavior with unusually florid language. Lucille says there will be young ladies at the party.

JERRY: “I like ‘em about my height.” LUCILLE: “Betty Grable will be there.” JERRY: “I like ‘em about my age.” LUCILLE: “Ann Blyth will be there.” JERRY: “And I like ‘em about my intelligence.” LUCILLE: “I’m sorry, Margaret O’Brien can’t stay out that late.”

MARTIN: “Shall we dress?” LUCILLE: “Naturally. We don’t want the cops.”

They get the cue that they have thirty second until air.

Lucille, Jerry, and Dean sing “The Money Song” lyrics written by Harold Rome for the musical That’s The Ticket.

They are back in their hotel suite about to go to sleep, when the maid knocks on the door. She tells them they have to get out of bed - she’s put on the wrong size sheets!

End of Episode

#Jerry Lewis #NBC Radio #The Martin and Lewis Show #Lucille Ball #Dean Martin #Frank Nelson #1949 #The Money Song #You Won't Be Satisfied

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