#rev. w. s. harris

[commiepinkofag]

It is time to call a halt when the income of one man is so great that he could not handle it himself in cold cash, while the income of his workers is not enough to keep them decently alive. Hell Before Death, Rev. W. S. Harris, illustrated by Paul Kraft, 1908

[the-garbanzo-annex-jr]

by Adam Kredo

Kamala Harris's newly appointed head of Arab-American outreach once accused Zionists of "controlling" American politics, echoing an anti-Semitic trope that suggests Jews nefariously manipulate global affairs.

"The Zionists have a strong voice in American politics," Brenda Abdelall, an Egyptian-American lawyer and former Department of Homeland Security official, said in a 2002 interview with the New York Sun while attending the American Muslim Council's annual convention. "I would say they're controlling a lot of it."

Abdelall, whom Harris tapped earlier this week to help galvanize Arab voters, made the remarks after a speaker at the event, anti-Israel professor Jamil Fayez, said that "Zionists are destroying America." Responding to his remarks, Abdelall said that while "'destroying' is a harsh word," supporters of the Jewish state do control American politics.

The American Muslim Council's 2002 confab also provided attendees with a chance to meet anti-Semitic former congresswoman Cynthia McKinney (D., Ga.), who famously blamed Jews for the 9/11 terror attack and attended a 2009 Holocaust-denial gathering in London. Her father similarly blamed Jews when she lost her congressional seat shortly after the 2002 conference. "Jews have bought everybody. Jews. J-E-W-S," he said.

Abdelall's appointment comes as Harris works to appease members of her party's liberal flank who want her to more aggressively confront the Jewish state and undermine its war on Hamas, including by cutting off arms sales. Harris has praised pro-Hamas campus protesters as "showing exactly what the human emotion should be, as a response to Gaza." In March, she accused Israel of stoking "humanitarian catastrophe."

Abdelall joins several other Harris campaign advisers who have a history of pressuring Israel and advocating increased relations with Iran. They include Harris's national security adviser, Phil Gordon, who is the subject of a congressional probe into his ties to a member of an Iranian government influence network. Ilan Goldenberg, Harris's liaison to the Jewish community, has faced scrutiny for his ties to the anti-Israel group J Street, as well as championing closer ties to Tehran.

Harris also appointed a veteran Israel critic, the Rev. Jen Butler, to conduct outreach to the faith community. Butler has come under fire for working alongside anti-Semitic activist Linda Sarsour.

Abdelall also is a veteran of the anti-Israel advocacy world.

During the 2002 American Muslim Council event, she suggested that the election defeat of former congressman Earl Hilliard Sr. (D., Ala.) "shows the Jewish influence in politics," according to the Sun. At the time, Hilliard had faced criticism from pro-Israel groups for voting against a congressional resolution condemning Palestinian suicide bombers.

Abdelall's mother founded the American Muslim Council's Ann Arbor branch, helping the anti-Israel advocacy group expand its presence across the country, according to the Sun.

The Harris campaign defended Adelall, saying that as a DHS official, she "worked closely on the implementation of the country's first National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism" and "led efforts for the first United We Stand summit, a White House event to counter hate-fueled violence."

"We are proud to add her to the campaign."

The American Muslim Council has long courted controversy for spreading anti-Israel propaganda.

In 2003, Rep. Jerry Nadler (D., N.Y.) blasted the group's former executive director, Eric Erfan Vickers, for claiming "that the recent tragic loss of the Space Shuttle Columbia and its entire crew was an act of divine retribution against Israel, and attributable to the presence of the first Israeli astronaut on the mission."

Vickers at the time said he saw "a sign in the calamitous destruction of the one hundred and thirteenth space shuttle mission taking place over a city named Palestine, while on board was the first Israeli astronaut." Nadler described the remarks as "unthinkable."

[if-you-fan-a-fire]

"REFORMATION IS AIM OF PRISON SYSTEM," Toronto Star. March 2, 1934. Page 26. --- So Says Rev. W. A. Henderson-Approves System of Trust ---- Oakville, March 2. - "Some Aspects of Prison Life" was the subject of an address given by Rev. W. A. Henderson, rector of St. Mark's church, Hamilton, to the Men's Club of St. John's church last night.

The speaker related many incidents, humorous and pathetic, that came under his observation during the four years he was assistant accountant at the prison farm, Guelph.

"The prison farm was a realization of a dream of W. H. Hanna and Dr. J. T. Gilmore, the first superintendent," the speaker stated, "and is recognized as one of the finest penal institutions on the continent. Deputations from Europe and Asia have visited it to study the methods that have been employed with marked success in bringing about reformation of many of the inmates."

The speaker emphasized the practice of appealing to the men's sense of honor. "The whole essence of reformation is trust," he continued. "Most people are as honest as they are given credit for. When a prisoner proves himself trustworthy in minor things, greater responsibility is placed upon him until he becomes, in the language of the institution, 'a complete trusty'. It is remarkable, the change that comes over a prisoner when he realizes that he is completely trusted. Many a man dates his change in his attitude toward life from the day he was made a 'trusty'."

The monotony of prison life, he said, is relieved by sports in summer. One season the baseball team defeated 22 visiting teams and was not beaten once. In winter there were entertainments, the programs being provided by the inmates.

"A prisoner faces his most critical time the first few days after his release," he said. "These decide whether he will go up or go down. Much depends on whether he is treated with suspicion or trust."

Give Lenten Tea The Ladies' Aid Society of Knox church held the fourth in a series of Lenten teas in the church hall yesterday afternoon. The tea table was presided over by Mrs. R. H. Archibald and Mrs. J. R. Kendall. The guests were received by Mrs. Archibald, president of the society, and Mrs. C. K. Nicoll. Mrs. H. Williams, Mrs. Dovener, Mrs. E. Morden and Mrs. S. Wilson were the committee in charge, and Mrs. A. E. Gibson was convener of the home home cooking table.

Plan Dog Show April 7 Meeting in the council chamber last night, Oakville Kennel Club decided to hold an evening show on April 7.

Mrs. H. V. Spurgeon, Oakville Following a long illness, the death of Mrs. H. V. Sp Spurgeon, 57, occurred at her late residence, Spruce St., yesterday. She had lived in Oakville for the past 10 years. Surviving are her husband, three sons, Harry, Percy and George and two daughters, Ethel and Hilda. Funeral service will be held to-morrow in St. Jude's Anglican church.

[culturallyresponsiveteaching]

Credit Where Credit is Due

Boykin A. W. (2002). Talent development, cultural deep structure, and school reform: Implications for African immersion initiatives. In Denbo S. J., Beaulieu L. M. (Eds.), Improving schools for African American students: A reader for educational leaders (pp. 81-94). Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.

Farinde-Wu, A., Glover, C.P. & Williams, N.N. It’s Not Hard Work; It’s Heart Work: Strategies of Effective, Award-Winning Culturally Responsive Teachers. Urban Rev 49, 279–299 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-017-0401-5

Griner, A. C., & Stewart, M. L. (2013). Addressing the Achievement Gap and Disproportionality Through the Use of Culturally Responsive Teaching Practices. Urban Education, 48(4), 585–621. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085912456847

Klingner J. K., Artiles A. J., Kozleski E., Harry B., Zion S., Tate W., . . . Riley D. (2005). Addressing the disproportionate representation of culturally and linguistically diverse students in special education through culturally responsive educational systems. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 13, 38. Retrieved from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v13n38/

Moll, L. C., Amanti, C., Neff, D., & Gonzalez, N. (1992). Funds of knowledge for teaching: Using a qualitative approach to connect homes and classrooms. Theory into Practice, 31(2), 132–141.

[todaysdocument]

“ . . . we urgently appeal to our honored President, and hereby PETITION him to URGE the enactment into LAW . . . of either Senator France's or Representative Dyer ANTI-LYNCHING BILL.” Petition from the International Uplift League, 10/15/1922. 

File Unit: 158260 section 3 #1, 1904 - 1974

Series: Straight Numerical Files, 1904 - 1974

Record Group 60: General Records of the Department of Justice, 1790 - 2002

Transcription:

[HEADER]

The International Uplift League

(Organized 1911: Re-Organized and Incorporated, A.D. 1915)

Object:-To Uplift and Develop the Colored Race Everywhere.

Motto:-Justice, Knowledge (Material and Spiritual) Health and Wealth.

President, Rev. Dr. Robert W. S. Thomas, M.A.

Treasurer, Mrs. Ruth M. Collett

Auditor, Charles M. Dorsey, Esq.

Chairman of the Executive Committee, Rev. George L. White, D.D., M.D.

General Secretary, David N.E. Campbell, M.D., M.O.

1369 N. Carey Street,

Baltimore, Md., U. S. A.

New Address,

119 Lefferts Place,

Brooklyn, New York.

ALL MEN UP!

Roosevelt.

Amended Petition.  October 15th 1922.

A PETITION TO THE PRESIDENT

From

THE INTERNATIONAL UPLIFT LEAGUE.

To His Excellency,

The President of

The United States of America,

The White House, Washington, D.C.

Dear Mr. President:

For the GOOD and true HONOR of our beloved country, the United States of America, in the NAME of ALMIGHTY GOD, LYNCHING should be abolished.  Opinion seems unanimous that the United States Government possesses permanently the greater jurisdictional control (about 3/4) over each United States Citizen; and the State in which the citizen resides holds the remaining (1/4) jurisdiction.

Hence the elimination of LYNCHING, our most heinous STIGMA, should be accomplished through the Federal Government, because the respective States, for more than fifty years, have failed to suppress LYNCHING.  Therefore, we urgently appeal to our honored President, and hereby PETITION him to URGE the enactment into LAW, during the Extra Session of Congress, of either Senator France's or Representative Dyer ANTI-LYNCHING BILL.  By such worthy and magnanimous ACT, Mr. President, you will immortalize your NAME like the illustrious Lincoln when we signed the Emancipation Proclamation.  Amen.

For the Women.

(Miss) Emma J. Chrichton

For the Men.

David Newton E. Campbell

Secretary I.U. League

P.S. We hope to secure millions of signatures to this PETITION and forward same duly.

 VIce Presidents,

Rev. Dr. George F. Bragg, Jr.

Hon. Ernest Lyon, D.D., LL.D.

Rev. Dr. Wm. Sampson Brooks, D.D.

Rev. W.W. Allen, D.D.

Rev. Dr. Thomas F. Reed

Hon. George W.F. McMechen

Mrs. Mary F. Bond.

Rev. Junius Gray, D.D.

Rev. L.C. Curtis, D.D.

Rev. N.M. Carroll, D.D.

Charles B Rodgers, Esq.

Mrs. Alric R. Campbell.

Rev. Ananias Brown, D.D.

Rev. James R. Diggs, A.M.

Rev. Dr. J.A. Briscoe.

Rev. Dr. A.B. Callis, Washington, D.C.

Miss Nannie H. Burroughs.

Rev. William H. Dean, D.D.

Rev. J. Harvey Randolph, D.D.

Rev. M.W.D. Norman, D.D.

Rev. C. Harold Stepteau, D.D.

Dr. Charles H. Marshall.

Rev. Walter H. Brooks, D.D.

Directors,

Joseph P. Evans, Esq.

Miss. Mary A.E. Bennett.

Joshua F.G.L. Duvall.

Arthur L. Macbeth, Esq.

Joseph S. Fennell, Esq.

William H. Bates, Esq.

Columbus Gordon, Esq.

Dr. Robert W. Brown.

Dr. Luther E. McNeill.

Rev. T.A. Thomas.

Prof. Howard M. Gross.

Dr. E.C. Morris.

Mrs. Mary F. Handy.

Dr. A.A. Terrell.

Mrs. Fannie Jenkins.

Mrs. Urania M. Ross.

Samuel Carroll, Esq.

Dr. John W. Derry,

Dr. E. Verry Stokes.

Dr. Harry F. Brown.

Dr. J. Edward Fisher.

Rev. William Holt.

Rev. S.A. Virgil.

Rev. J.C. and Mrs. S. Love.

[the196thbattalion]

star wars human! high school! au

i’ve seen so many headcanons circling throughout the star wars tumblr about high school au’s, so i wanted to share my bit with all of you :D

anakin skywalker

five words: REBEL CHILD ON A MOTORCYCLE.

he doesn’t like riding the school bus because it makes him feel extremely claustrophobic, so he scrapped and scavenged up parts to make his own customized motorcycle, which he lovingly dubbed artoo.

the blue and silver detailing was the joint effort of ahsoka and obi-wan, because anakin doesn’t know how to paint.

if he can catch up to the bus, he’ll ride alongside it and flip off the students on it before revving on ahead of them. (the freshmen think it’s the funniest thing in the universe)

probably one of the most well-known juniors in the entirety of temple high school (mostly because of his shenanigans but partly because he’s dating padme fuckiNG AMIDALA, PRETTIEST GIRL IN THE DAMN SCHOOL)

he always wears this worn-down leather jacket his mom gave to him before she passed away, and refuses to take it off, even though it’s somehow “a violation of the dress code and should be outlawed.”

his hair alone has seduced eight different students (boys and girls)

sometimes during study hall, ahsoka or padme will get a hold of his hair and style it into little braids or make a super rad ponytail.

he really likes iced coffee with milk and sugar. he puts in the milk to make it nice and light (it’s aesthetically pleasing, obi-wan!), and then like eight tablespoons of sugar to make it actually taste good.

his favorite class is mechanics, taught by kit fisto.

anakin spent months on a mechanical arm project to replace his clunky plastic prosthetic, and he was so freaking happy when it was finished; he almost cried. (he did cry and ahsoka got it on video)

obi-wan kenobi

a mixture of the soft™, pretty™, hippie™, grunge™, vsco™ and nerd™ tropes.

he really likes peppermint tea with lots of honey but takes his coffee black.

he has had too much tea.

someone needs to stop him.

almost all of his classes are ap courses, and if cody hadn’t been watching when obi-wan was making his schedule, all of them would be.

him, cody and padme have ap english with mace windu, and cody knows how much his classes stress him out, so he lets obi-wan sleep during class and sends him the notes

the only ap class obi-wan doesn’t take is mechanics, and he shares that class with anakin.

anakin and obi-wan are super close with each other. kenobi was there when ahsoka was adopted, and anakin was there when kenobi got his cat. (they were like 5 okay)

“NAME IT C3PO OBI-WAN, OR I SWEAR TO FUCK-” “what kind of name is that, and why would i - anAKIN PUT HIM DOWN!?”.

mr. fisto constantly has to split them up for disrupting the class, but it’s almost like they can communicate telepathically, and the teachers have a running bet

mace windu literally bet $50 on these fucking nerds so you know it’s for realsies

in reality, they’ve just gotten super creative with passing notes.

kind of off topic, but he has these brown harry potter glasses that he uses (kinda for reading???? but mostly so he can do that anime pushing up glasses thing)

cody thinks it’s the funniest shit ever

whenever cody is feeling stressed, obi-wan just does the thing™ and BOOM! happiness.

people think he’s a goodie two shoes, and honestly, it’s really easy to think that. if the iconics are trying to do something stupid, he’s usually the voice of reason.

but parties?

…

you know what, just ask anakin for the video footage.

ahsoka tano

this hs!au ahsoka tano turned me bisexual confirmed ✔

okay before i go into her style, which is mainly what made me drool over my computer, can i just put skatergirl!ahsoka out there?

spray painting of the rebellion symbol all over the bottom of her board and on items in a couple of the places where she skates the most (like the back of an abandoned car yard)

her instagram is filled with these super cool vhs-tape recorded skate videos (u know)

lots crackhead 3am visits (starring anakin, rex, kenobi and barris) to a gas station to get slushies and grind the shit out of the curb connecting the store to the parking lot

trying to teach anakin how to skateboard but he just can’t figure it out? uh yes

“try to balance skyguy!” “HOW DO I MOVE? DO I SCOOT? SNIPS THIS ISN’T FUNNY AND I WANT TO GET OFF – GUYS, STOP LAUGHING!”

okay okay okay i’m done

for now

anyway, her style???? is so???? fucking????? cool!!!!!

her genetics gave her a 80% of having vitiligo, so it really wasn’t a surprise when patches of her skin got lighter, but it still freaked her out a little bit.

basically, went like this: “DAD, I’M TURNING WHITE!” “???? oh my gosh ‘soka, no.”

she has long braided dreadlocks she dyed a super bright orange with various colored beads woven into them with the help of anakin and padme. she usually styles them into little space buns atop her head.

her entire clothing wardrobe consists of fishnets, neon bomber jackets, at least 11 bisexual beanies™, handmade patchy jeans, white tank tops, and light-up platform shoes.

she doesn’t give two flying fucks about the dress code, and – IN THE MIDDLE OF THE MOST BUSY HALLWAY - punched principal sidious over whether or not she “could wear shorts that short” (anakin may or may not have cheered when she broke his nose).

the fetts (chuck have mercy)

*cracks le knuckles* i’ve put it off long enough

we have: fox (24), wolffe (19), cody (17), rex (17), echo (16), fives (16), boil (15), waxer (14), hardcase (13), jesse (12), longshot (8), kix (6), tup (3), gree (2) and boba (9mo)

wolffe is off at college - fox already graduated and moved out, that cheeky little fucking shit - but both still keep in good contact with the fam, and it’s a constant clamor between eleven of the siblings of who gets to talk to them first

fox majored in government/politics, bly is majoring in space/astronomy, and wolffe is majoring in police/law enforcement shit (i don’t know how college works, so sue me)

cody and rex are juniors, and despite their similar looks, the amount of schoolwork each of them completes drastically varies

cody is the honor roll student, valedictorian, whatever you want to call it

rex kinda just either does the work really well or 9/10 times gets distracted by anakin or ahsoka sending him some nice spicy memes

cody tried to tutor rex but it ended up almost landing tup in the hospital

“that’s really simple, actually. if you – vod? rex, are you okay? what are you oH NO TUP DON’T PUT THAT IN YOUR MOUTH-”

fetts on the varsity football team is like a right of passage in the family

right now, only the juniors of the fett family are on the team, but the coach has eyes on fives and echo for next years team

SPEAKING OF

echo, fives and boil are the infamous sophomore trio that pulled the milk bucket prank on the gym teacher, pong krell.

they had to help the janitor (99) clean up afterwards, but they genuinely enjoyed 99’s company, because he’s rad as shit and knows all the secret school passageways.

to be honest, not one person (except maybe sidious) was complaining

that motherfucker makes everyone run like eight laps during gym class

even mr. windu gives them a small smile in the hallways after that

boil says he was blackmailed into it

waxer is a freshman (the poor dude, i’m so sorry), and he always looks out for the nervous freshies

if someone is having a bad day, he’ll give them a lollipop (he carries around a whole bag), a place to sit during lunch, and a shoulder to cry on

all you need to do to find waxer is to locate this long ass line of children

the school counselor, plo koon, sometimes brings his niece numa into school during the day because he can’t find a babysitter, and waxer. fucking. loves. her. PERIOD.

w+n pull these tiny little pranks on teachers, and the staff pretends not to notice, but numa always giggles and gives them away.

boil has a soft spot for numa too, and sneaks her rice krispies.

bonus shit i want to add in but can’t figure out where to put it (or i’m just gonna add it on and shit)

plo koon adopted anakin after his mother died (him and anakin’s mother were good friends), and found ahsoka on the side of the street, shivering like a maniac.

he doesn’t know where ahsoka came from, but he loves her so gOD DAMN MUCH.

he’s the school counselor, and still keeps in touch with a lot of students even after the graduated (he thinks that majoring in law enforcement/police is a bit dangerous for wolffe but he still supports his unofficial but basically son 100%)

yoda is the super old but radically rad english teacher.

his entire point of existence in my mind fic is to troll the shit out of palpatine.

a recent conversation starring yoda and palps: “did you give the students the mountain of extra work i assigned them?” “for the students, that was?” i’m sorry. my bad, that is.” “this is the seventh time, yoda.”

okay but for real

mace windu violently roots for the school football team.

“BEAT THE SHIT OUT OF HIM, CODY! YOU TOO...OTHER CODY!”

“THAT’S A HOLDING! THAT’S A HOLDING!”

“REF IF YOU DON’T COUNT THAT TOUCHDOWN THEN I SWEAR TO SAMUEL L. JACKSON I WILL COME DOWN THERE AND BEAT YOUR SORRY PINSTRIPED ASS!”

[ltwilliammowett]

Lightning vs. Ship

A lightning strike aboard a sailing ship could have horrific consequences- fire, explosions, even the incineration of hapless sailors. Some who weren’t killed outright, suffered paralysis, terrible burns or blindness. On 21. November 1790 Portsmouth experienced an extraordinary storm. Lightning rolled along the ground. HMS Elephant, 74-guns, was moored in the harbour and narrowly avoided complete destruction when she was struck by a lightning. The maintopmast exploded, but it did not plunge through the quaterdeck, as it was still held by the top ropes.

A lightning accident

Another collision had Rev. Alexander Scott, who was later to serve as Nelson’s private secretary aboard HMS Victory. In 1802/3 he was aboard a former French prize Topaze in the West Indies. One evening just after midnight the vessel was struck by a lightning during a severe thunderstorm. It split the mizzenmast, killing and wounded 14 men, then descended into the cabin in which Scott was sleeping. He suffered an electric shock and the hooks suspending his hammock melted, flinging him ot the ground. Simultaneously the lightning caused an explosion in a cache of small- arms powder stored above him. The resultant blast knocked out several of Scott’s teeth, injured his jaw and affected his hearing and eyesight. He recovered, but was continually thereafter affected by his nerves.

HMS Fisgard protected by Harris's lightning conductors, September 26, 1846

A study in 1851 of ships in the Royal Navy catalogued the extensive damage caused to the fleet by lightning. One six- year period, from 1809 to 1815, saw 30 ships-of-the-line and 15 frigates disabled. And the merchant marine also suffered; there were vivid reports in the press of the loss of shipping and valuable cargo. Lightning conductors were not entirely trusted at first, because when this lightning rod invented by Benjamin Franklin in 1752 was introduced In the Royal Navy, the lightning conductor was initially just a chain that was pulled into the sea from the top of the mast.This system proved to be unsatisfactory: the chain should only be pulled up the mast when lightning was expected, and lightning often struck unexpectedly. When the chain was pulled up, it was inconvenient for the sailors in the rigging to handle the rigged square sails, and even when it was pulled up, lightning sometimes damaged the chain or the ship. It has even been suggested that ships may have been used to attract the lightning and thus increase the danger to them.

The French Navy developed a modified system in which the chain was guided down the permanent rigging to connect with the copper sheathing that protected the hull below the waterline from damage from collisions and shipworms.

Very soon they replaced the chains with metal cables. In 1820, William Snow Harris invented a new system of lightning conductor plates attached to the spars and aft of the mast, directly through the hull to connect with the copper sheathing of the hull. All main metal masses in the ship should be connected to the conductor to ensure that there is no side lightning. He proposed this system to the Admiralty in 1821 but found that they did not respond to his suggestions and he campaigned to get the Navy to test his system and make the extent of the problem known. They agreed to test the system on eleven ships from 1830 onwards, including HMS Beagle which had also passed the test very well.

Sir W. S. Harris's Lightning Conductors Fig. 1 shows the line of conduction on the masts from the vane spindle to the step. FIg.2, 3, 4,shows the details at the respective transition points (x) (x)

These trials proved the usefulness of these devices, but unfortunately his system was not adopted until 1841. The ships with this system were in fact protected but not always prevent disasters. Tragedies continued to occur, especially when the ship was tilted and other spiky projections like the bowsprit and the end of the drivers boom could attract lightning.

[blackkudos]

Robert Hooks

Robert Hooks (born Bobby Dean Hooks, April 18, 1937) is an American actor, producer, and activist. He is most recognizable to the public for his more than 100 roles in films, television, and stage. Most famously, Hooks, along with Douglas Turner Ward and Gerald S. Krone, founded The Negro Ensemble Company (NEC). The NEC is credited with the launch of the careers of many major black artists of all disciplines, while creating a body of performance literature over the last thirty years, providing the backbone of African-American theatrical classics. Additionally, Hooks is the sole founder of two significant black theatre companies: the D.C. Black Repertory Company, and New York's Group Theatre Workshop.

Biography

Early life

The youngest of five children, Hooks was born in Foggy Bottom, Washington, D.C. to Mae Bertha (née Ward), a seamstress, and Edward Hooks who had moved from Rocky Mount, North Carolina with their four other children, Bernice, Caroleigh, Charles Edward "Charlie", and James Walter "Jimmy". Named Bobby Dean Hooks at birth, Robert was their first child born "up-north" and the first to be born in a hospital. His father, Edward, died in a work accident on the railroad in 1939.

Hooks attended Stevens Elementary School. In 1945, at the insistence of his sister Bernice who was doing community arts outreach for youngsters at Francis Junior High School, he performed the lead in his first play, The Pirates of Penzance, at the age of nine. From the ages of 6 to 12, Bobby Dean journeyed with his siblings to Lucama, North Carolina to work the tobacco fields for his uncle's sharecropping farm as a way to help earn money for the coming school year in D.C.

In 1954, just as Brown vs. Board of Education was being implemented in the north, he moved to Philadelphia to be with his mother, her second husband, and his half-sister, Safia Abdullah (née Sharon Dickerson). Hooks experienced his first integrated school experience at West Philadelphia High School. Hooks soon joined the drama club and began acting in plays by William Shakespeare and Samuel Beckett. He was graduated in 1956, passing on a scholarship to Temple University in order to pursue a career as a stage actor at the Bessie V. Hicks School of Theatre (alongside Charles Dierkop and Bruce Dern, with whom he second-acted plays doing their pre-Broadway tryouts in Philadelphia) while working at Browning King, a men's tailor shop at Fourteenth and Chestnut streets.

Career

Having trained at the Bessie V. Smith School of Theatre in Philadelphia, and after seeing A Raisin in the Sun in its Philadelphia tryout in February 1959, Hooks moved to New York to pursue acting. In April 1960, as Bobby Dean Hooks, he made his Broadway debut in A Raisin in the Sun replacing Louis Gossett, Jr. who would be doing the film version. He then continued to do its national tour. He then stepped into the Broadway production of A Taste of Honey, replacing Billy Dee Williams; then repeating the same national tour trajectory as he had done for "Raisin..." the previous year. In early 1962 he next appeared as the lead in Jean Genet's The Blacks, replacing James Earl Jones as the male lead, leaving briefly that same year to appear on Broadway again in Tiger, Tiger, Burning Bright before stepping back into the lead role in The Blacks in 1963. He then returned to Broadway, first in Ballad for Bimshire and then in the short-lived 1964 David Merrick revival of The Milk Train Doesn't Stop Here Any More (as a character created by Tennessee Williams for this revival) and starring Tallulah Bankhead and Tab Hunter in his only stage performance. Immediately thereafter, in March 24, 1964 he originated the role of Clay in Amiri Baraka's Dutchman. With this play, on the advice of Roscoe Lee Brown, Hooks became known as, Robert Hooks. He also originated roles on the New York stage in Where's Daddy? for which he won the Theatre World Award and he was nominated for Best Male Lead in a Musical for Hallelujah Baby while he was simultaneously starring in David Susskind's N.Y.P.D.—the first African American lead on a television drama.

In 1968 Hooks was the host of the new public affairs television program, Like It Is.

Hooks was nominated for a Tony for his lead role in the musical, Hallelujah, Baby!, has received both the Pioneer Award and the NAACP Image Award for Lifetime Achievement, and has been inducted into the Black Filmmakers Hall of Fame. He also won an Emmy for his PBS special, Voices of Our People.

Significant roles for which Hooks is known include Reeve Scott in Hurry Sundown (1967), Mr. T. in the blaxploitation film Trouble Man (1972), grandpa Gene Donovan in the comedy Seventeen Again (2000), and Fleet Admiral Morrow in Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (1984). He also appeared on television in an episode of the NBC crime drama series The Eddie Capra Mysteries in 1978 and portrayed Doctor Walcott in the 1980s television series Dynasty.

Activism

Arts and Culture

In 1964, as a result of a speaking engagement at the Chelsea Civil Rights Committee (then connected to the Hudson Guild Settlement House) he founded The Group Theatre Workshop (GTW), a tuition-free environment for disadvantaged urban teens who expressed a desire to explore acting. Among the instructors were Barbara Ann Teer, Frances Foster, Hal DeWindt, Lonne Elder III, and Ronnie Mack. Alumni include Antonio Fargas, Hattie Winston, and Daphne Maxwell Reid.

The Group Theatre Workshop was folded into the tuition-free training arm of the The Negro Ensemble Company (NEC) founded in 1967 with Douglas Turner Ward and Gerald S. Krone with a $1.3 million grant from the Ford Foundation under the auspices of W. McNeil Lowry.

From 1969-1972, Hooks served as an original board member of Black Academy of Arts and Letters (BAAL) (located in New York) alongside C. Eric Lincoln, President; John O. Killens, Alvin F. Poussaint, and Charles White. Chartered by the State of New York, BAAL's mission was to bring together Black artists and scholars from around the world. Additional members included: Julian Adderley, Alvin Ailey, Margaret Walker, James Baldwin, Imamu Baraka, Romare Bearden, Harry Belafonte, Lerone Bennett, Arna Bontemps, Ossie Davis, Ruby Dee Davis, St. Clair Drake, Ernest Dunbar, Katherine Dunham, Lonne Elder III, Duke Ellington, Alex Haley, Ruth Inge Hardison, Vertis Hayes, Chester Himes, Lena Horne, Jacob Lawrence, Elma Lewis, Henry Lewis, Paule Marshall, Donald McKayle, Arthur Mitchell, Frederick O’Neal, Gordon Parks, Sidney Poitier, Benjamin Quarles, Lloyd Richards, Lucille D. Roberts, and Nina Simone.

In response to the violence in his home town of Washington, D.C. in the wake of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s assassination, and aided by a small grant from the Eugene and Agnes E. Meyer Foundation, Hooks took a leave of absence from the Negro Ensemble Company to create The D.C. Black Repertory Company (DCBRC, 1970-1981). As Founder and Executive Director, the DCBRC was intended as a further exploration of the ability of the arts to create healing. The a capella group Sweet Honey in the Rock was created and developed within its workshop process.

The Inner Voices (Lorton Prison arts training program, 1971) proved to be a result of the beneficial effect of the DCBRC in the D.C. area. In response to a direct plea from an inmate, Rhozier "Roach" Brown, who was serving a life sentence in Lorton, Hooks' D.C. Black Repertory Company structured the first prison-based arts program in the United States. While it is the norm now, it was then a revolutionary attempt at rehabilitation through the arts. Eventually The Inner Voices performed more than 500 times in other prisons, including a Christmas special entitled, "Holidays, Hollowdays." Due to Roach's work, President Gerald Ford commuted his sentence on Christmas Day, 1975.

His relocation to the West Coast redirected Hooks' approach to parity in the arts with his involvement with The Bay Area Multicultural Arts Initiative (1988) as a board member and grant facilitator-judge. Funded by monies from a unique coalition made up of the San Francisco Foundation (a community foundation); Grants for the Arts of the San Francisco Hotel Tax Fund, and The National Endowment for the Arts, the function of this organization was the funding of deserving local multicultural arts organizations.

In 1992, Hooks co-founded (with writer Lonne Elder III) Arts in Action. Located in South Central Los Angeles, this was a film and television training center established to guide individuals who aspired to careers in film production. It formulated strategies and training for securing entry-level jobs. Courses included: career development workshops; pre-production and production for film and television; creative problem solving in production management; directing for stage and screen—principles and practices; also the craft of assistant directors, script supervisor, technicians, wardrobe, make-up, etc.

The Negro Ensemble Company of Los Angeles (NEC-LA) (1994-1997) was created because so many New York members and original members had relocated to the west coast. Hooks, as founder and executive director enlisted alumni from his New York Negro Ensemble Company to serve as board members: Denise Nicholas, Denzel Washington, James Earl Jones, Laurence Fishburne, Richard Roundtree, Samuel L. Jackson. NEC-LA's goal was to be a new and innovative multi-ethnic cultural project that strived to achieve the community effectiveness and professional success of its parent organization.

Personal life

Hooks is the father of actor, television and film director Kevin Hooks. He married Lorrie Gay Marlow (actress, author, artist) on June 15, 2008. Previously, he was married to Yvonne Hickman and Rosie Lee Hooks.

Awards

1966 - Theatre World Award (1965–66 ) for "Where's Daddy?" (The Billy Rose Theatre)

1979 - American Black Achievement Award - Ebony Magazine

1982 - Emmy Award for Producing (1982) Voices of Our People: In Celebration of Black Poetry (KCET-TV/PBS)

1966 - Tony Nomination, Lead Role in a Musical for Hallelujah, Baby

1985 - Inducted into The Black Filmmakers Hall of Fame, recipient Oscar Micheaux Award (1985)

1986 - March 2nd declared Robert Hooks Day by the City of Los Angeles, Mayor Tom Bradley

1987 - Excellence in Advertising and Communications to Black Communities from CEBA (Excellence in Advertising and Communications to Black Communities)

2000 - Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters, Honoris Causa honorary degree, Bowie State University

2000 - May 25th declared Robert Hooks Day in Washington, D.C.

2005 - Beverly Hills/Hollywood Chapter NAACP Image Award for Lifetime Achievement

2005 - Beverly Hills/Hollywood Chapter NAACP Trailblazer Award to the Negro Ensemble Company

2005 - Trailblazer Award – City of Los Angeles

2006 - The Black Academy of Arts and Letters (TBAAL), Lifetime Achievement Award (Dallas)

2007 - The Black Theatre Alliance Awards / Lifetime Achievement Award

2015 - Living Legend Award (2015) National Black Theatre Festival

2018 - October 18th proclaimed Robert Hooks Day by Mayor Muriel Bowser, Washington, D.C.

2018 - Hooks is entered into The Congressional Record by the Hon. Eleanor Holmes Norton, September 4, 2018, Vol. 164

2018 - Visionary Founder and Creator Award - D.C. Black Repertory Company on its 47th anniversary

Acting Credits

Film

Sweet Love, Bitter (1967) .... Keel Robinson

Hurry Sundown (1967) .... Reeve Scott

Last of the Mobile Hot Shots (1970) .... Chicken

Carter's Army (1970) .... Lt. Edward Wallace

Trouble Man (1972) .... Mr. T

Aaron Loves Angela (1975) .... Beau

Airport '77 (1977) .... Eddie

Fast-Walking (1982) .... William Galliot

Star Trek III: The Search for Spock (1984) .... Admiral Morrow

Passenger 57 (1992) .... Dwight Henderson

Posse (1993) .... King David

Fled (1996) .... Lt. Clark

[borhapparker]

holland’s scrubs  |  chapter five

a/n; inspired a little by amber ( @spiderboytotherescue )’s ‘a beautiful days to save lives’ series. sorry for taking so long for this chapter, hope you guys enjoy!

add yourself to my taglist here!

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third point of view:

The clock illuminated the dark room, it’s screen projecting the time: 2:30am. Her phone rang out, the default ringtone echoing off the bedroom walls. She turned in her bedsheets, slapping her hand ove the nightstand, supporting her body on her elbows as she grabbed her phone, sliding the answer button. “Hello?” her groggy voice answered, as she rubbed her eyes with her free hand.

“Dr. Skye? Am I bothering?” Natalia, the head nurse spoke, as she sat up straight, eyes wide.

“No, Nat, what’s going on?”

“There’s an emergency in the ER. We need everyone here as soon as possible.” she stumbled out of her bed, slipping on a t-shirt discarded on the floor, before quickly grabbing her scrubs.

“Okay, I’ll be right there.” hanging up, she finished grabbing her things, and slinging her backpack over her shoulder before she ran out of her house, slipping on her helmet and draping a leg over her motorcycle. She sped off towards the hospital, concern flooding her thoughts.

There were ambulances driving behind her, as she revved the engine, before quickly parking, and running inside, helmet under her arm. “Brief me, let’s go!”

Natalia ran off behind her, as she went to leave her stuff inside her locker room. “There’s been an accident on the train, lot’s of injuries and we have some people still trapped under debris so there will be patients coming in the whole morning. I’ve alerted Z, Sebastian, and Danika, as well as all of your interns, since all of you prefer to work together.”

The locker room was soon occupied by the interns, from all services, all looking equally tired.

“Okay, everyone. We have a big incoming. This isn’t going to be easy and there will be much to do. Stay on your toes and take on any and all available cases. Checking with your attending for any available positions in emergency surgery, we will need all the help we can get.”

Everyone nodded, as she took a breath, before nodding her head and running out the locker room, towards the ER. Interns followed behind, slipping on their own scrubs and gloves, before heading inside. She was quickly handed a clipboard, as a patient was rolled into a room. Joining the body, she got some of the interns to follow, before being joined by Sebastian and Danika, Z busy looking over other patients.

“What do we have?” he asked her, slipping on his own gloves as she did too.

“Third-trimester burn victim. We need to call OB-Gyn.”

The nurse quickly dialed a number on the phone, before hanging up. Dr. Irene quickly ran inside, slipping on gloves.

“Patient?”

“Third-trimester burn victim. Need an intern?” she nodded as all the interns raised their hands. “Uh, Sam, go!”

They left the room, looking around at the other patients that were arriving. “Are you having any contractions?” they heard, before the door closed.

“Dr. Skye, take a look at this for me.” she turned, being taken to a dual patient being rolled in a bed. “Okay, bring them into room 5.”

Interns followed behind as Danika did too, Z and Sebastian following her lead. The nurses checked their pulses, Y/n joining them inside the room. They looked a the patients, as one directed a question at them.

“Is this the craziest thing you’ve ever seen?”

Y/n gulped nervously, “Uh, yeah.”

The patient chuckled, smiling, “Yeah, me too.”

The paramedic turned to Skye, “You guys got it from here?” she nodded, as the paramedic turned to leave, before being stopped.

“Hey, you were at the scene?” she nodded.

“Yeah, won’t be too bad for you. Lot of carnage, not a lot of survivors.”

Nodding, Danika turned to Skye. “They’re never going to fit into CT. We’re gonna be flying blind. Get x-ray’s and labs and page me the minute you’re done.”

The patient spoke up, “Excuse me?”

All four doctors walked inside the room. “Hi, I’m Dr. Danika, this is Dr. Skye, Dr. Sebastian and Dr. Z.” she placed a hand on the back of her covered neck. “You shouldn’t move your neck. You want to try to move as little as possible.”

“Oh, okay.” she tried looking at the doctor without turning her head. “So, are you gonna pull this pole out of us anytime soon?”

The other patient interjected, “It’s a touch uncomfortable.” with a laugh.

Danika chuckled, “I’m sorry. We can’t do that until we get a better look at what’s going on internally. But I assure you, we will work as quickly as possible.”

The patient smiled, “Well, in that case, does anybody have a breath mint?” The other patient narrowed his eyes, as she lightly chuckled. “For me, not for you.”

“Get them going.” Danika said, before leaving as Z turned to the interns. “Y/n, get them to x-ray. Move them extremely carefully.”

She turned to leave, as her interns followed behind. “One of you cover the E.R and do sutures.”

Skye left the room, before bumping into Harry and Tom. “What are you doing? Go get your scrubs on, we have a big accident we need to attend to!”

Tom walked up behind him, a smirk on his face. “He seems to have had a little too much to drink.”

Harry turned to Tom, “I was off-duty.”

“So was I.” She sighed, rubbing the bridge of her nose, before beckoning him over. “Tom, go with Y/n and help with the x-rays. You, come with me.”

She grabbed his arm, pulling him to an unoccupied patient bed before beckoning a nurse over. “Bring me a banana bag. And a drip.”

Harry was looking at the doctor, eyes narrowed. “W-why are you helping me?” he hiccuped, before continuing. “I’m n-not even on your s-service today.”

“Because, you’re still an intern, and as an attending, I help any and all interns. Now shush. And take this piece of gum.” she stuck a piece of gum in his mouth, the mint overpowering the scent of alcohol.

The nurse returned with a banana drip, placing it on the tray next to him. She grabbed the blue band, wrapping it around his upper arm, before giving him a ball to squeeze in his hand, as the blood vessel was noticeable in the crook of his arm. She inserted the needle, taking off the band and placing a piece of tape to keep the drip in place. “Alright, good to go. C’mon, you can still help me.”

He grabbed the pole holding the IV drip, as he walked behind her, following her to the x-ray room, where Sebastian, Danika and Z were waiting, all equally concerned.

“What’s wrong, talk to me.”

The nodded their heads towards the scan, as she walked closer, looking and inspecting them. “Damn it. T8′s completely crushed, the pole is tamponading the wound, as far as the scans will show us.”

“It’s hitting the aorta. And that’s only her scan. Look at his.”

She looked at the other scans, displaying the other patient. “Right in line his inferior vena cava.”

Tom spoke up. “Any way to operate without separating them?” the doctors shook their heads. “If we remove the pole then..”

“They’ll both bleed out.” Z finished.

“What if we don’t move the pole?” He looked at the scans, before looking up. “What if we move one of the patients off the pole to get the saw in there? Then we can hold the pole steady in the other one. Move it very slowly, and repair the damage as we go.”

Harry spoke up, “Who? Which would you move?”

“With her aortic injuries, her chances of survival are extremely slim, no matter what we do.” he paused, a frown etched on his face. “But if we move her, we have a real chance at saving him.”

Skye stepped in. “Well, I could argue since her injuries are more extensive, we should move him. Give her the best shot we can.”

“So, basically, whoever you move doesn’t stand a chance?” everyone was quiet, “So, how do you choose? How do you decide who gets to live?”

All the doctors exited the room, the question looming over their heads as the sounds of the busy E.R. surrounded them. They couldn’t just choose, that was the worst decision any doctor, even surgeon, would have to make. They just couldn’t. But as the only doctors who could save these people in need, they needed to make a choice. And fast.

“I’d like to examine them before I weigh in.” Skye said as Danika nodded.

“I’ll wait for your page.”

Sam was working with Irene, on a pregnant patient, as another one wobbled into the room. “Brooke?”

The patient in the bed spoke up, “Jana? Oh, thank god.”

Irene turned to the intern standing at the door. “Matthews?”

“I couldn’t stop her, she wanted to see her.” the intern spoke up as Irene interrupted him.

“She was on the train?” he nodded, “Have you done an ultrasound? Cleared her C-spine?” he didn’t speak up, as she frowned. “Is there any reason you can think of that this patient should be wandering the hospital unattended?”

“She’s not unattended, I came up with her.”

“You can leave now, Dr. Matthews.” he turned, grumbling, before leaving the room.

Sam turned back to Irene, eyebrows furrowing.

“Irresponsible, even for an intern.” she shook her head, looking up at him. “What, you disagree?”

He sighed, “She wanted to see her friend. I mean, what was he supposed to do? Tackle her?”

Irene sighed, narrowing her eyes at him, “Dr. Holland, why don’t you get our new patient into a bed? Shall we?”

Back in the observation room, Skye held the female patient’s ankle in her hand, bringing a metal fork under her foot and lightly scratching. “Can you feel that, Miss Krasnoff?”

The patient chuckled, with a smile. “You’re a cute doctor. Cute doctors get to call me by my first name.”

Skye smiled, looking up. “Bonnie.” the patient smiled, “Bonnie, can you feel that?”

“Feel what?” she paused, “Oh, well I guess that’s a no.”

“Excuse me, Dr. Skye?��� Harry walked in with Tom, holding a clipboard with a file.

“Yes?”

“I got the labs.”

“Oh, great. Thank you.”

She quickly skimmed the lab, before looking back at both patients, her gaze locked on the male patient. “Could you try to wiggle your toes, Mr. Maynard?”

The patient did as he was told, a look of worry etched on his face. “Are they moving?”

Skye smiled. “Yes they are.”

“Good! That’s good, right?”

Skye nodded, “Yes, it is. Yes, it is.”

Bonnie smiled, her back turned towards Skye. “What about me? Are mine moving?” her toes didn’t move, feet staying still.

Skye placed a smile on her face, “Yes they are.”

Bonnie smiled, “Yay, me!”

Skye walked around the other side of the patient bed, “Dr. Skye, is it?”

“Yes, it is.”

“Dr. Skye, Bonnie and I..” he paused, “Are we gonna live through this?”

Bonnie rolled her eyes, a playful smile on her face. “Now that’s just morose, Tom.”

He chuckled, a sad smile on his face. “I’m sorry, dear.” he turned back to her. “Doctor?”

“We’re going to do everything we can. Mr. Maynard.”

She turned, nodding to the patients, before leaving the room, and heading back into the examination room. Harry and Skye were looking over the scans, Skye looking back and forth between the labs and the scans, as Sebastian, Danika and Z walked in.

“Where are we?” Danika asked as Skye sighed.

“You were right. Her vitals are erratic. Pulse is weak. Spine’s severed. I was hoping that it didn’t hit – but from that angle, it can’t have missed the aorta.”

Sebastian looked over. “What about him? Think he can live?”

“He’s got better odds.”

Z sighed, nodding. “All right, let O.R. one know we’re coming.” she told Tom.

“Oh, and Tom?” he stopped. “Close off the gallery. We don’t need an audience for this.”

Nodding, he stopped, looking back at everyone again. “She’s cracking jokes. How do you tell someone she’s gonna be dead in a few minutes, when she’s sitting up, cracking jokes?”

Everyone looked up, frowns on their faces, as Tom left the room. These patients weren’t going to survive, and hopefully, the odds looked better on saving one, than not saving any at all.

[commiepinkofag]

Following the Political Leader — One of the most pitiful sights of our present age, is the manner in which the masses of voters are tricked by campaign promises. They follow the leader like slaves into deeper darkness. Hell Before Death, Rev. W. S. Harris, illustrated by Paul Kraft, 1908

[alystayr]

Playlist musicale 2019 (1/2)

Liste des chansons (playlist 2019 - part. 1)

Mise à jour : 30 juin 2019

playlist 2019 (part. 1)

playlist 2018 (part. 2), playlist 2018 (part. 1)

playlist 2017 (part. 2), playlist 2017 (part. 1)

playlist 2016 (part. 2), playlist 2016 (part. 1)

playlist 2015

0-9 #

A

A Perfect Circle - So Long, And Thanks For All The Fish (2018)

AC/DC - For Those About to Rock (We Salute You) (1981)

Air - La Femme d'Argent (1998)

Alice In Chains - Angry Chair (1992)

Alt-J (feat. GoldLink) - Last Year (Terrace Martin Version) (2018)

Arcade Fire - We Exist (2013)

Archive (feat. Band Of Skulls) - Remains Of Nothing (2019)

Asaf Avidan - Over You Blues (2010)

B

Joan Baez - Diamonds and Rust (1975)

Balthazar - Bunker (2015)

Band of Horses - Wicked Gil (2006)

The Beatles - Helter Skelter (1968)

Beirut - The Rip Tide (2011)

Björk - Army Of Me (1995)

Frank Black - Los Angeles (1993)

The Black Keys - Lo/Hi (2019)

The Blaze - Queens (2018)

Bon Iver - Holocene (2011)

David Bowie - The Stars (Are Out Tonight) (2013)

Dave Brubeck - Take Five (1959)

Jeff Buckley - Last Goodbye (1994)

Kate Bush - The Man I Love (1994/1927)

C

Francis Cabrel - Samedi Soir Sur La Terre (1994)

Cage The Elephant - Ready To Let Go (2019)

Bertrand Cantat - Les pluies diluviennes (2017)

Lewis Capaldi - Bruises (2017)

The Cardigans - Erase / Rewind (1998)

Nick Cave & the Bad Seeds - O'Children (2004)

Chubby Checker - Let's Twist Again (1961)

Cigarettes After Sex - Crush (2018)

Gary Clark Jr - This Land (2019)

Leonard Cohen - Avalanche (1971)

Vladimir Cosma - Les compères (1983)

The Cramps - Human Fly (1983)

The Cranberries - All Over Now (2019)

The Crystals - Da Doo Ron Ron (1963)

D

Dick Dale & The Del-Tones - Pumpkin and Honey Bunny / Misirlou (from Pulp Fiction) (1994/1962)

The Dead Weather - Hang You From The Heavens (2009)

Depeche Mode - It’s No Good (1997)

Détroit - Sa majesté (2013)

Dido - Take You Home (2019)

Dire Straits - Private Investigations (1982)

The Dø - Anita No! (2014)

Peter Doherty & The Puta Madres - Who's Been Having You Over (2019)

Lou Doillon (feat. Cat Power) - It's You (2019)

Dolly - Fin d'époque (1997)

Bob Dylan - Knockin' On Heaven's Door (1973-1995)

E

Eels - Tremendous Dynamite (2009)

Eiffel - N’aie rien à craindre (2019)

Eiffel - Ne respire pas (2002)

Eminem - Lose Yourself (2002)

F

Mylène Farmer - Sentimentale (2018)

Florence + The Machine - Hunger (2018)

Foals - Exits (2019)

Foo Fighters - All My Life (2002)

G

Peter Gabriel - Growing Up (2002)

Serge Gainsbourg - La Javanaise (1963)

Garbage - Stupid Girl (1995)

Genesis - Dancing with the Moonlit Knight (1973)

The Good, The Bad & The Queen - Merrie Land (2018)

Macy Gray - Sugar Daddy (2018)

Greta Van Fleet - Highway Tune (2017)

H

Françoise Hardy - Tous les garçons et les filles (1962)

Ben Harper - Diamonds on the Inside (2003)

PJ Harvey - This Is Love (2000)

Hole - Awful (1998)

Buddy Holly - Peggy Sue (1957)

David Holmes - Rodney Yates (1997)

I

IAM - La fin de leur monde (2007)

Imagine Dragons - Natural (2018)

Indochine - J'ai demandé à la lune (2002)

Billy Idol - Dancing With Myself (1981)

Les Innocents  - Jodie (1987)

Interpol  - If You Really Love Nothing (2018)

Iron Maiden - Fear of The Dark (1992)

J

Jean Michel Jarre - Robot’s Don’t Cry (movement 3) (2018)

Elton John - I'm Still Standing (1983)

Joy Division - Transmission (1979)

K

The Kills - Black Balloon (2008)

The Knife - Heartbeats (2003)

Cecilia Krull - My Life Is Going On (from La Casa de Papel) (2017)

L

Lake Street Dive - Mistakes (2016)

Mark Lanegan & Isobel Campbell (cover The Gun Club) - The Breaking Hands (2012)

Led Zeppelin - Dazed And Confused (1969)

LP - One Night In The Sun (2018)

M

M - Lettre infinie (2019)

Madness - One Step Beyond... (1979)

Ibrahim Maalouf - Beirut (2011)

Madrugada - Hold on to you (2005)

Manu Chao - Me llaman calle (2007)

Massive Attack - Angel (1998)

Mercury Rev (Feat. Norah Jones) - Okolona River Bottom Band (2019)

Metallica - Fade to Black (1984)

Miossec - Nous sommes (2018)

Moby - Extreme Ways (from Jason Bourne) (2002)

Tom Morello (feat. Gary Clark Jr. & Gramatik) - Can't Stop The Bleeding (2019)

MorMor-  Heaven's Only Wishful (2018)

Giorgio Moroder - Midnight Express Theme - The Chase (1978)

Mudhoney - Touch Me I'm Sick (1988/2013)

Muse - Madness (2012)

N

The National - Hairpin Turns (2019)

New Order - Blue Monday (1983)

Nine Inch Nails - March Of The Pigs (1994)

Nirvana - Aneurysm (1991)

No One Is Innocent - Charlie (2015)

Claude Nougaro - Paris Mai (1968)

O

Agnes Obel - Riverside (2010)

Les Ogres de Barback - P'tit coeur (2019)

J.S. Ondara - American Dream (2019)

OrelSan (feat. Stromae) - La pluie (2017)

P

Pink Floyd - On The Turning Away (1987)

Placebo - Protège Moi (2003)

Planes Mistaken For Stars - Fucking Tenderness (2016)

The Platters - The Great Pretender (1955)

The Police - Every Breath You Take (1983)

Portishead - Sour Times (1994)

Elvis Presley - All Shook up (1957)

The Prodigy - Firestarter (1997)

Q

Queen - Love Of My Life (1975)

Queens Of The Stone Age - The Lost Art Of Keeping A Secret (2000)

R

The Raconteurs - Sunday Driver (2018)

Radiohead - Paranoid Android (1997)

Rag'n'Bone Man - Human (2017)

Rage Against The Machine - Take The Power Back (1991)

Ramones - I Wanna Be Sedated (1978)

R.E.M. - Bad Day (2003)

Chris Rea - Cry for Home (2005)

Lou Reed - Satellite of Love (1972)

Rival Sons - Feral Roots (2019)

Dick Rivers - Pas de vainqueur (2014)

Cock Robin - The Promise You Made (1985)

The Ronettes - Be My Baby (1963)

S

Saez - Rue d'la soif (2017)

Nitin Sawhney - Sunset (2001)

The Score - Stronger (2019)

Eric Serra - My Lady Blue (from Le Grand Bleu) (1988)

Sex Pistols - God Save The Queen (1977)

Shaka Ponk - Killing Hallelujah (2018)

Sigur Rós - Brennisteinn (2013)

Emilie Simon - Fleur De Saison (2006)

Simple Minds - Alive And Kicking (1985)

Siouxsie And The Banshees - Israel (1983)

Skunk Anansie - Charlie Big Potato (1999)

The Smashing Pumpkins - Zero (1995)

Patti Smith - Summer Cannibals (1996)

Sonic Youth - Mildred Pierce (1990)

Soundgarden - Fell On Black Days (1994)

Regina Spektor - All The Rowboats (2012)

Bruce Springsteen - Western Stars (2019)

Still Corners - The Trip (2003)

Alain Souchon - Quand j'serais KO (1988)

Angus & Julia Stone - Heart Beats Slow (2014)

The Stooges - Ann (1969)

Supertramp - Cannonball (1985)

Survivor - Eye Of The Tiger (1982)

System Of A Down - Toxicity (2001)

T

Talk Talk - Such A Shame (1984)

Sébastien Tellier - La Ritournelle (2004)

Téléphone - Argent trop cher (1980)

Kate Tempest - Perfect Coffee (2016)

These New Puritans - Into The Fire (2019)

Hubert-Félix Thiéfaine - Confessions d'un Never Been (2005)

Yann Tiersen - Tempelhof (2019)

Thievery Corporation - Shadows of Ourselves (2000)

Tina Turner - What's Love Got To Do With It (1984)

U

U2 - New Year’s Day (1983)

V

Frankie Valli - Can't Take My Eyes off You (1967)

Suzanne Vega - 12 Mortal Men (2016)

The Velvet Underground - Femme Fatale (1967)

Veruca Salt - Volcano Girls (1997)

The Verve - The Drugs Don't Work (1997)

Le Villejuif Underground - Villejuif Underground (2017)

W

Weezer - Zombie Bastards (2019)

The Who - My Generation (1965)

John Williams - Hedwig's Theme (From Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone) (2001)

Amy Winehouse - Love Is A Losing Game (2006)

Wolf Alice - Don't Delete the Kisses (2017)

Woodkid - Run Boy Run (2013)

Shannon Wright - The Caustic Light (2013)

X

XTC - Making Plans For Nigel (1979)

Y

Neil Young - Southern Man (1970)

Z

Hindi Zahra - Stand Up (2009)

Zazie - Nos âmes sont (2018)

[movenahas]

Endnote word 2013 slow

Endnote word 2013 slow portable#

Sarah Ann Harris, ‘William Shakespeare 400th Anniversary: Can you recognise the words coined by the Bard?’, HuffPost, 21 April 2016 No Sweat Shakespeare, ‘Words Shakespeare Invented’, Roma Panganiban, ‘Twenty Words We Owe to Shakespeare’, Mental Floss, 31 January 2013 Daniel Swift, ‘Laughable Maybe, but Never Lacklustre: Words of the Bard’, Telegraph, 21 March 2014 Josie Gurney-Read, ‘How Well Do You Know Shakespeare’s Words?’, Telegraph, 21 March 2014 Including such words in antedatable totals would add two to the Swift, Mental Floss and No Sweat Shakespeare counts and one to the tally in Unmasking the Real Shakespeare. A further three words are on record shortly after Shakespeare’s usages, suggesting that they, too, may have been already active. Bill Bryson, Shakespeare: the World as a Stage, rev. Holger Schott Syme, ‘People Being Stupid About Shakespeare III’, 11 July 2011, Cited in Andrew Dickson, ‘Can the world’s biggest dictionary survive the internet?’, Guardian, 23 February 2018 Over 60% of the words on Schäfer’s list that the OED currently records in use at a later date can be antedated further than Nashe on via EEBO. Nashe himself can now frequently be antedated. Jürgen Schäfer, Documentation in the OED (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980). Thomas Heywood, Troia Britanica: or, Great Britaines Troy (London: W. 37, in EEBO-TCP Andrew Willett, An Antilogie or Counterplea to An Apologicall (he should haue said) Apologeticall Epistle published by a Favorite of the Romane Separation, and (as is supposed) one of the Ignatian Faction (London: Thomas Man, 1603), p. by Gervase Markham (London: James Roberts for Thomas Millington, 1597), p. Vertues teares for the losse of the most christian King Henry, trans. Murray, ‘Preface to Volume I’, in A New English Dictionary (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1888), p. 147, in EEBO-TCP Samuel Rowlands, (London: G. Edward Evans, Verba Dierum, or, The Dayes Report of Gods Glory (Oxford: Joseph Barnes, 1615), p. 483, in EEBO-TCP Thomas Nashe, Nashes Lenten Stuffe (London: N.L. by Josuah Sylvester (London: Humfrey Lounes, 1611), p. Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas, Du Bartas his Deuine Weekes and Workes, trans. Hugh Craig, ‘Shakespeare’s Vocabulary: Myth and Reality’, Shakespeare Quarterly, 62.1 (2011), 53-74 (p. by Stephen Greenblatt and others (New York: Norton, 1997), p. Stephen Greenblatt in The Norton Shakespeare, ed. David Crystal and Ben Crystal, The Shakespeare Miscellany (London: Penguin, 2005), pp. David Crystal, Think On My Words (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008), p. David Crystal, The Stories of English, 2nd edn (London: Penguin, 2005), p. edn (New York: Columbia University Press, 2015), p.

Endnote word 2013 slow portable#

210 Seth Lerer, Inventing English: A Portable History of the Language, rev. Harold Bayley, The Shakespeare Symphony (London: Chapman and Hall, 1906), p. by Sylvia Adamson and others (London: Arden, 2001), p. 35 Terttu Nevalainen, ‘Shakespeare’s new Words’, in Reading Shakespeare’s Dramatic Language, ed. Russ McDonald, Shakespeare and the Arts of Language (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001 repr. Rubinstein, Unmasking the Real Shakespeare: The Truth Will Out (London: Pearson, 2005 repr. Stephen Marche, How Shakespeare Changed Everything (New York: Harper Collins, 2011), p. by Mireille Ravassat and Jonathan Culpeper (London: Continuum, 2011), pp. Valenza, ‘Shakespeare’s Vocabulary: Did it Dwarf All Others?’, in S tylistics and Shakespeare’s Language: Transdisciplinary Approaches, ed. Alfred Hart, ‘The Growth of Shakespeare’s Vocabulary’, The Review of English Studies, 19.75 (1943), 242-254 (p. speaks, speaketh, spoke etc.), rather than lemmas (e.g. Figures in the region of 28-31,000 are sometimes given - these are counts of word forms (e.g. Subsequent scholars have not diverged significantly, with most figures coming in between 17,000-20,000. In 1943, Hart calculated Shakespeare’s lemmatized vocabulary as 17,677. Metcalf, Predicting New Words: the Secrets of their Success (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2002), p. 28 Richard Lederer, T he Miracle of Language, rev. Shipley, In Praise of English: The Growth and Use of Language (New York: Times Books, 1977), p. Stanley Wells, Shakespeare For All Time (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), p. 109 Leslie Dunton-Downer and Alan Riding, Essential Shakespeare Handbook (London: Dorling Kindersley, 2004), p. by Will Sharpe and Erin Sullivan (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015), p. by Michael Dobson and Stanley Wells, 2nd edn, rev. Shakespeare and 'The Licence of Ink': Endnotesġ] Vivian Salmon in T he Oxford Companion to Shakespeare, ed.

[comeofage1]

A to Z Book Rec Tag

Thank you to the lovely @that-quirky-girl for tagging me, she recognises the book weakness in me. These books are all linked on goodreads, where I have an account, linked HERE.

# - #Junkie and #Rev by Cambria Hebert 

A - Adorkable by Sarra Manning

Adulthood is a Myth by Sarah Andersen 

Adulting 101 by Lisa Henry 

Alan Partridge: Nomad by Alan Partridge (Steve Coogan) 

The Alex Crow by Andrew Smith 

All the Single Ladies by Jane Costello 

And Call me in the Morning by Willa Okati 

Anna and the French Kiss by Stephanie Perkins 

Anna Dressed in Blood by Kendare Blake 

Austenland by Shannon Hale 

B - The Backup Boyfriend by River Jaymes

Beauty by Robin McKinley 

The Best Corpse for the Job by Charlie Cochrane

Between Ghosts by Garrett Leigh 

Big Mouth, Ugly Girl by Joyce Carol Oates

Blame it on the Mistletoe by Eli Easton 

Blood Magic by Tessa Gratton 

Bone Gap by Laura Ruby 

The Book Thief by Markus Zusak 

The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas by John Boyne 

Breakfast at Tiffanys by Truman Capote 

Breathe by Sloane Parker 

Brideshead Revisited by Evelyn Waugh 

Bridesmaids by Jane Costello 

Brighton Rock by Graham Green 

C - Carry On by Rainbow Rowell 

Carry the Ocean by Heidi Cullinan 

The Catastrophic History of You and Me by Jessica Rothenburg 

Caught! by JL Merrow 

Chain Reaction by Simone Elkeles 

Chance to be King by Sue Brown 

A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens 

The Christmasaurus by Tom Fletcher 

The Chronicles of Narnia by CS Lewis

Cinder by Marissa Meyer 

Clear Water by Amy Lane  

Code Name Verity by Elizabeth Wein 

Cold War by Keira Andrews 

The Coldest Girl in Coldtown by Holly Black 

Collide by Riley Hart 

The Color Purple by Alice Walker 

Corkscrewed by MJ O’Shea 

Crooked Kingdom by Leigh Bardugo 

Crossroads by Riley Hart 

The Crucible by Arthur Miller 

Crush by Richard Siken 

D - The Darkest Part of the Forest by Holly Black 

Dash & Lily’s book of Dares by Rachel Cohn 

Death of a Naturalist by Seamus Heaney 

Devoted by Sierra Riley 

A Discovery of Witches by Deborah Harkness 

Dumplin’ by Julie Murphy 

E - Eclipsed by Dominic Holland 

Ella Enchanted by Gail Carson Levine 

Emma - Jane Austen 

Epic Fail - Claire LaZebnik 

The Epic Love Story of Doug and Stephen by Valerie Z Lewis 

Every Move he Makes by Barbara Elsborg 

Evolution, Me & Other Freaks of Nature by Robin Brande 

F - Fairest by Gail Carson Levine 

Fangirl by Rainbow Rowell 

Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them by JK Rowling 

Far from the Madding Crowd by Thomas Hardy 

The Fellowship of the Ring by JRR Tolkien 

Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk 

Filthy Little Secret by Devon McCormack 

Fish Out Of Water by Amy Lane

Fish Stick Fridays by Rhys Ford 

Flash Burnout by LK Madigan

Flawless by Lara Chapman 

Fragile Things by Neil Gaiman 

From What I Remember by Stacy Kramer 

The Future of Us by Jay Asher 

G - Gangsta Rap by Benjamin Zephaniah : 

Girl on the Run by Jane Costello

Glass Tidings by Amy Jo Cousins

Goodbye Days by Jeff Zentner

Goodnight Mister Tom by Michelle Magorian

Grasshopper Jungle by Andrew Smith

The Graveyard Book by Neil Gaiman

H - Harry Potter by JK Rowling

The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas

Haunting Violet by Alyxandra Harvey

The Heart of Texas by RJ Scott

Heidi by Johanna Spyri

The Help by Kathryn Stockett

Helping Hand by Jay Northcote

A Hero at the End of the World by Erin Claiborne

Him by Sarina Bowen

The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams

The Hobbit by JRR Tolkien 

Holly Lane by Toni Blake

Hostile Ground by LA Witt

Hot Head by Damon Suede 

Hottie Scotty and Mr Porter by R Cooper

How to Repair a Mechanical Heart by JC Lillis

Howl’s Moving Castle by Diana Wynne Jones

A Hunted Man by Jaime Reese

Hunting Lila by Sarah Alderson

Hush Hush by Becca Fitzpatrick

I - I Love the 80s by Megan Crane

If Only in My Dreams by Keira Andrews

Illegal Contact by Santino Hassell

The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde 

Infinite Jest by David Foster Wallace

Inseparable by Chris Scully

An Inspector Calls by JB Priestley

J - Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte

Jellicoe Road by Melina Marchetta

Jurassic Park by Michael Crichton

 Just Listen by Sarah Dessen

K - A Kiss in Time by Alex Flinn

Know Not Why by Hannah Johnson

L - Law of Attraction by Jay Northcote

Leaving Paradise by Simone Elkeles

Liam Davis & The Raven by Anyta Sunday

Light from the Dark by Mercy Celeste

Lima Oscar Victor Echo and the Truth about Everything by Suki Fleet

The Little Book of Vegan Poems by Benjamin Zephaniah 

Little Women by Louisa May Alcott

M - Mark Cooper versus America by Lisa Henry

Mark of Cain by Kate Sherwood

Me and Mr Darcy by Alexandra Potter

Merry Christmas Mr Miggles by Eli Easton

Midwinter Night’s Dream by Eli Easton

More than This by Patrick Ness

Motel. Pool. by Kim Fielding 

Mrs Warren’s Profession by Bernard George Shaw

My Love Lies Bleeding by Alyxandra Harvey 

My Single Friend by Jane Costello

N - The Nearly-weds by Jane Costello 

Neverwhere by Neil Gaiman 

Nick and Norah’s Infinite Playlist by Rachel Cohn 

North and South by Elizabeth Gaskell

North of Beautiful by Justina Chen

Northanger Abbey by Jane Austen

The Nothingness of Ben by Brad Boney

Noticed Me Yet? by Anyta Sunday

Noughts and Crosses by Malorie Blackman

Off Base by Annabeth Albert

Open Tackle by LC Chase

Out of the Blue by Sophie Cameron

P - Passing Through by Jay Northcote

Perfect Chemistry by Simone Elkeles

Persuasion by Jane Austen

Peter Pan by JM Barrie

The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce

Pressure Head by JL Merrow

Pride and Modern Prejudice by AJ Michaels 

Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen

The Princess Bride by William Goldman

Private Eye by SE Culpepper

Promised Land by Adam Reynolds

Promises by Marie Sexton

Pushing the Limits by Katie McGarry

Q - The Queen of the Tearling by Erika Johansen

R - Rattlesnake by Kim Fielding

Remember Me? by Sophie Kinsella

The Rest of Us Just Live Here by Patrick Ness

Rock Solid by Riley Hart

Roughing the Passer by Alison Hendricks

S - The Secret History by Donna Tartt

Sense and Sensibility by Jane Austen

Shiny by Amy Lane

Shrinking Violet by Danielle Joseph

Shut your Face, Anthony Pace by Claire Davis

Silent by Sara Alva

Simon vs the Homo Sapiens Agenda by Becky Albertalli

Skellig by David Almond

Skin Deep by Laura Jarratt

Slam! by JL Merrow

The Sleeper and the Spindle by Neil Gaiman

Sock it to me, Santa! by Madison Parker

Someday by Sierra Riley

Songs of Innocence and of Experience by William Blake

Spencer Cohen by NR Walker

Splintered by SJD Peterson

Stardust by Neil Gaiman

Starter for Ten by David Nicholls

Station Eleven by Emily St John Mandel

Stay With Me by SE Harmon

Strong Side by Alison Hendricks

Sugar Creek by Toni Blake

Superhero by Eli Easton

T - The Tales of Beedle the Bard by JK Rowling

The Tenant of Wildfell Hall by Anne Bronte

This Savage Song by Victoria Schwab

The Time of Our Lives by Jane Costello

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee

Tonight by Karen Stivali

Turkey in the Snow by Amy Lane

The Two Gentlemen of Altona by Lisa Henry

U - Unwrapping Hank by Eli Easton

Uprooted by Naomi Novik

V - The Vintners Luck by Elizabeth Knox

W - Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett

A Walk to Remember by Nicholas Sparks

The Walls of Troy by LA Witt

The Waste Land and Other Poems by TS Eliot

Water for Elephants by Sara Gruen

We were Feminists Once by Andi Zeisler

A Weekend With Mr Darcy by Victoria Connelly

Where he ends and I Begin by C Cardeno

Where the Lovelight Gleams by Kiera Andrews

Whiskey Business by Avon Gale

The Wish List by Jane Costello

Wonder by RJ Palacio

X - X-It by Jane George

Y - Y: The Last Man by Brian K Vaughan

You Against Me by Jenny Downham

Z - Zero at the Bone by Jane Seville

[blackkudos]

A. Philip Randolph

Asa Philip Randolph (April 15, 1889 – May 16, 1979) was an American labor unionist, civil rights activist, and socialist politician.

In 1925, he organized and led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first predominantly African-American labor union. In the early Civil Rights Movement and the Labor Movement, Randolph was a voice that would not be silenced. His continuous agitation with the support of fellow labor rights activists against unfair labor practices in relation to people of color eventually led President Franklin D. Roosevelt to issue Executive Order 8802 in 1941, banning discrimination in the defense industries during World War II. The group then successfully pressured President Harry S. Truman to issue Executive Order 9981 in 1948, ending segregation in the armed services.

In 1963, Randolph was the head of the March on Washington, which was organized by Bayard Rustin, at which Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his "I Have A Dream" speech. Randolph inspired the "Freedom Budget", sometimes called the "Randolph Freedom budget", which aimed to deal with the economic problems facing the black community, it was published by the Randolph Institute in January 1967 as "A Freedom Budget for All Americans".

Early life and education

Randolph was born April 15, 1889, in Crescent City, Florida, the second son of the Rev. James William Randolph, a tailor and minister in an African Methodist Episcopal Church, and Elizabeth Robinson Randolph, a skilled seamstress. In 1891, the family moved to Jacksonville, Florida, which had a thriving, well-established African-American community.

From his father, Randolph learned that color was less important than a person's character and conduct. From his mother, he learned the importance of education and of defending oneself physically against those who would seek to hurt one or one's family, if necessary. Randolph remembered vividly the night his mother sat in the front room of their house with a loaded shotgun across her lap, while his father tucked a pistol under his coat and went off to prevent a mob from lynching a man at the local county jail.

Asa and his brother, James, were superior students. They attended the Cookman Institute in East Jacksonville, the only academic high school in Florida for African Americans. Asa excelled in literature, drama, and public speaking; he also starred on the school's baseball team, sang solos with the school choir, and was valedictorian of the 1907 graduating class.

After graduation, Randolph worked odd jobs and devoted his time to singing, acting, and reading. Reading W. E. B. Du Bois' The Souls of Black Folk convinced him that the fight for social equality was most important. Barred by discrimination from all but manual jobs in the South, Randolph moved to New York City in 1911, where he worked at odd jobs and took social sciences courses at City College.

Marriage and family

In 1913 Randolph courted and married Mrs. Lucille Campbell Green, a widow, Howard University graduate, and entrepreneur who shared his socialist politics. She earned enough money to support them both. The couple had no children.

Early career

Shortly after Randolph's marriage, he helped organize the Shakespearean Society in Harlem. With them he played the roles of Hamlet, Othello, and Romeo, among others. Randolph aimed to become an actor but gave up after failing to win his parents' approval.

In New York, Randolph became familiar with socialism and the ideologies espoused by the Industrial Workers of the World. He met Columbia University Law student Chandler Owen, and the two developed a synthesis of Marxist economics and the sociological ideas of Lester Frank Ward, arguing that people could only be free if not subject to economic deprivation. At this point, Randolph developed what would become his distinctive form of civil rights activism, which emphasized the importance of collective action as a way for black people to gain legal and economic equality. To this end, he and Owen opened an employment office in Harlem to provide job training for southern migrants and encourage them to join trade unions.

Like others in the labor movement, Randolph favored immigration restriction. He opposed African Americans' having to compete with people willing to work for low wages. Unlike other immigration restrictionists, however, he rejected the notions of racial hierarchy that became popular in the 1920s.

In 1917, Randolph and Chandler Owen founded The Messenger with the help of the Socialist Party of America. It was a radical monthly magazine, which campaigned against lynching, opposed U.S. participation in World War I, urged African Americans to resist being drafted, to fight for an integrated society, and urged them to join radical unions. The Department of Justice called The Messenger "the most able and the most dangerous of all the Negro publications." When The Messenger began publishing the work of black poets and authors, a critic called it "one of the most brilliantly edited magazines in the history of Negro journalism."

Soon thereafter, however, the editorial staff of The Messenger became divided by three issues – the growing rift between West Indian and African Americans, support for the Bolshevik revolution, and support for Marcus Garvey's Back-to-Africa movement. In 1919, most West Indian radicals joined the new Communist Party, while African-American leftists – Randolph included – mostly supported the Socialist Party. The infighting left The Messenger short of financial support, and it went into decline.

Randolph ran on the Socialist Party ticket for New York State Comptroller in 1920, and for Secretary of State of New York in 1922, unsuccessfully.

Union organizer

Randolph's first experience with labor organization came in 1917, when he organized a union of elevator operators in New York City. In 1919 he became president of the National Brotherhood of Workers of America, a union which organized among African-American shipyard and dock workers in the Tidewater region of Virginia. The union dissolved in 1921, under pressure from the American Federation of Labor.

His greatest success came with the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, who elected him President in 1925. This was the first serious effort to form a labor institution for employees of the Pullman Company, which was a major employer of African Americans. The railroads had expanded dramatically in the early 20th century, and the jobs offered relatively good employment at a time of widespread racial discrimination. Because porters were not unionized, however, most suffered poor working conditions and were underpaid.

Under Randolph's direction, the BSCP managed to enroll 51 percent of porters within a year, to which Pullman responded with violence and firings. In 1928, after failing to win mediation under the Watson-Parker Railway Labor Act, Randolph planned a strike. This was postponed after rumors circulated that Pullman had 5,000 replacement workers ready to take the place of BSCP members. As a result of its perceived ineffectiveness membership of the union declined; by 1933 it had only 658 members and electricity and telephone service at headquarters had been disconnected because of nonpayment of bills.

Fortunes of the BSCP changed with the election of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932. With amendments to the Railway Labor Act in 1934, porters were granted rights under federal law. Membership in the Brotherhood jumped to more than 7,000. After years of bitter struggle, the Pullman Company finally began to negotiate with the Brotherhood in 1935, and agreed to a contract with them in 1937. Employees gained $2,000,000 in pay increases, a shorter workweek, and overtime pay. Randolph maintained the Brotherhood's affiliation with the American Federation of Labor through the 1955 AFL-CIO merger.

Civil rights leader

Through his success with the BSCP, Randolph emerged as one of the most visible spokespeople for African-American civil rights. In 1941, he, Bayard Rustin, and A. J. Muste proposed a march on Washington to protest racial discrimination in war industries, an end to segregation, access to defense employment, the proposal of an anti-lynching law and of the desegregation of the American Armed forces. Randolph's belief in the power of peaceful direct action was inspired partly by Mahatma Gandhi's success in using such tactics against British occupation in India. Randolph threatened to have 50,000 blacks march on the city; it was cancelled after President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802, or the Fair Employment Act. Some activists, including Rustin, felt betrayed because Roosevelt's order applied only to banning discrimination within war industries and not the armed forces. Nonetheless, the Fair Employment Act is generally considered an important early civil rights victory.

And the movement continued to gain momentum. In 1942, an estimated 18,000 blacks gathered at Madison Square Garden to hear Randolph kick off a campaign against discrimination in the military, in war industries, in government agencies, and in labor unions. Following passage of the Act, during the Philadelphia transit strike of 1944, the government backed African-American workers' striking to gain positions formerly limited to white employees.

Buoyed by these successes, Randolph and other activists continued to press for the rights of African Americans. In 1947, Randolph, along with colleague Grant Reynolds, renewed efforts to end discrimination in the armed services, forming the Committee Against Jim Crow in Military Service, later renamed the League for Non-Violent Civil disobedience. When President Truman asked Congress for a peacetime draft law, Randolph urged young black men to refuse to register. Since Truman was vulnerable to defeat in 1948 and needed the support of the growing black population in northern states, he eventually capitulated. On July 26, 1948, President Harry S. Truman abolished racial segregation in the armed forces through Executive Order 9981.

In 1950, along with Roy Wilkins, Executive Secretary of the NAACP, and, Arnold Aronson, a leader of the National Jewish Community Relations Advisory Council, Randolph founded the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR). LCCR has been a major civil rights coalition. It coordinated a national legislative campaign on behalf of every major civil rights law since 1957.

Randolph and Rustin also formed an important alliance with Martin Luther King, Jr. In 1957, when schools in the south resisted school integration following Brown v. Board of Education, Randolph organized the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom with Martin Luther King, Jr. In 1958 and 1959, Randolph organized Youth Marches for Integrated Schools in Washington, DC. At the same time, he arranged for Rustin to teach King how to organize peaceful demonstrations in Alabama and to form alliances with progressive whites. The protests directed by James Bevel in cities such as Birmingham and Montgomery provoked a violent backlash by police and the local Ku Klux Klan throughout the summer of 1963, which was captured on television and broadcast throughout the nation and the world. Rustin later remarked that Birmingham "was one of television's finest hours. Evening after evening, television brought into the living-rooms of America the violence, brutality, stupidity, and ugliness of {police commissioner} Eugene "Bull" Connor's effort to maintain racial segregation." Partly as a result of the violent spectacle in Birmingham, which was becoming an international embarrassment, the Kennedy administration drafted civil rights legislation aimed at ending Jim Crow once and for all.

Randolph finally realized his vision for a March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, which attracted between 200,000–300,000 to the nation's capital. The rally is often remembered as the high-point of the Civil Rights Movement, and it did help keep the issue in the public consciousness. However, when President Kennedy was assassinated three months later, Civil Rights legislation was stalled in the Senate. It was not until the following year, under President Lyndon B. Johnson, that the Civil Rights Act was finally passed. In 1965, the Voting Rights Act was passed. Although King and Bevel rightly deserve great credit for these legislative victories, the importance of Randolph's contributions to the Civil Rights Movement is large.

Religion

Randolph avoided speaking publicly about his religious beliefs to avoid alienating his diverse constituencies. Though he is sometimes identified as an atheist, particularly by his detractors, Randolph identified with the African Methodist Episcopal Church he was raised in. He pioneered the use of prayer protests, which became a key tactic of the civil rights movement. In 1973, he signed the Humanist Manifesto II.

Death

Randolph died in his Manhattan apartment on May 16, 1979. For several years prior to his death, he had a heart condition and high blood pressure. He had no known living relatives, as his wife had died in 1963, before the March on Washington.

Awards and accolades

In 1942, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded Randolph the Spingarn Medal.

In 1953, the IBPOEW (Black Elks) awarded him their Elijah P. Lovejoy Medal, given "to that American who shall have worked most successfully to advance the cause of human rights, and for the freedom of Negro people."

On September 14, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson presented Randolph with the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

In 1967 awarded the Eugene V. Debs Award

In 1967 awarded the Pacem in Terris Peace and Freedom Award. It was named after a 1963 encyclical letter by Pope John XXIII that calls upon all people of good will to secure peace among all nations.

Named Humanist of the Year in 1970 by the American Humanist Association.

Named to the Florida Civil Rights Hall of Fame in January 2014.

Legacy

Randolph had a significant impact on the Civil Rights Movement from the 1930s onward. The Montgomery Bus Boycott in Alabama was directed by E.D. Nixon, who had been a member of the BSCP and was influenced by Randolph's methods of nonviolent confrontation. Nationwide, the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s used tactics pioneered by Randolph, such as encouraging African Americans to vote as a bloc, mass voter registration, and training activists for nonviolent direct action.

In buildings, streets, and trains

Amtrak named one of their best sleeping cars, Superliner II Deluxe Sleeper 32503, the "A. Philip Randolph" in his honor.

A. Philip Randolph Academies of Technology, in Jacksonville, FL, is named in his honor.

A. Phillip Randolph Boulevard in Jacksonville, Florida, formerly named Florida Avenue, was renamed in A. Phillip Randolph's honor. It is located on Jacksonville's east side, near EverBank Field.

A. Philip Randolph Campus High School (New York City High School 540), located on the City College of New York campus, is named in honor of Randolph. The school serves students predominantly from Harlem and surrounding neighborhoods.

The A. Philip Randolph Career Academy in Philadelphia, Pa was named in his honor.

The A. Philip Randolph Career and Technician Center in Detroit, MI is named in his honor.

The A. Philip Randolph Institute is named in his honor.

PS 76 A. Philip Randolph in New York City, NY is named in his honor

A. Philip Randolph Pullman Porter Museum is in Chicago's Pullman Historic District.

Edward Waters College in Jacksonville, Florida houses a permanent exhibit on the life and accomplishments of A. Philip Randolph.

Randolph Street, in Crescent City, Florida, was dedicated to him.

A. Philip Randolph Library, at Borough of Manhattan Community College

A. Philip Randolph Square park in Central Harlem was renamed to honor A. Philip Randolph in 1964 by the City Council, under a local law introduced by Council Member J. Raymond Jones and signed by Mayor John V. Lindsay. In 1981, a group of loosely organized residents began acting as stewards of the park, during the dark days of abandonment and disinvestment in Central Harlem. By 2010 that group, now the Friends of A. Philip Randolph Square--founded by Gregory C. Baggett, who named longterm residents Ms. Gloria Wright; Ms. Ivy Walker; and Mr. Cleveland Manley, as Trustee of the park--would be formally incorporated to provide better stewardship and programming at a time when the neighborhood would be undergoing rapid growth and diversification. In 2018, the Friends of A. Philip Randolph Square would further expand the scope of its work beyond stewardship over the park to prepare a major revitalization plan "to improve conditions in the park and the neighborhood around the park" operating under a new entity, the A. Philip Randolph Neighborhood Development Alliance that seeks to obtain broad neighborhood and community representation for its revitalization plan based on building the personal and collective assets within the neighborhood.

Arts, entertainment, and media

+ 1994 Documentary A. Philip Randolph: For Jobs and Freedom, PBS

In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed A. Philip Randolph on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans.

The story of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters was made into the 2002 Robert Townsend film 10,000 Black Men Named George starring Andre Braugher as A. Philip Randolph. The title refers to the demeaning custom of the time when Pullman porters, all of whom were black, were just addressed as "George".

A statue of A. Philip Randolph was erected in his honor in the concourse of Union Station in Washington, D.C..

In 1986 a nine-foot bronze statue of Randolph by Tina Allen was erected in Boston's Back Bay commuter train station.

On February 3, 1989, the United States Postal Service issued a 25-cent postage stamp in Randolph's honor.

Other

James L. Farmer, Jr., co-founder of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), cited Randolph as one of his primary influences as a Civil Rights leader.

Randolph is a member of the Labor Hall of Fame.

[nicholasmeyler]

Genealogy of Great Relatives

James Albert Meyler; Dad

James Joseph Meyler; Great grandfather

Albert Carlos Jones; Great grandfather

George Gephard; Great-great grandfather

Gus Grissom; 5th cousin 1x removed

Thomas Pynchon; 6th cousin 

Norman Borlaug; Step 2nd cousin 2x removed/ 7th cousin

Harry S. Truman; 5th cousin 3x removed

LDS Prophet Joseph Smith: 5th cousin 3x removed

Robert Frost; 7th cousin 2x removed

John Wheeler; 7th cousin 2x removed

Edwin Hubble; 7th cousin 2x removed

Barack Obama; 8th cousin 1x removed

Sinclair Lewis; 8th cousin 1x removed

Ezra Pound; 8th cousin 1x removed

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow; 4th cousin 5x removed

Walt Whitman; 6th cousin 3x removed

John Bannister Goodenough; 9th cousin

Theodore Roosevelt; 4th cousin 6x removed

Franklin Pierce; 4th cousin 6x removed

Alexander Wheelock Thayer; 4th cousin 6x removed

Herman Melville; 5th cousin 5x removed

Ralph Waldo Emerson; 5th cousin 5x removed

Eleanor Roosevelt; 5th cousin 5x removed

Henry David Thoreau; 6th cousin 4x removed

Bertrand Russell; 7th cousin 3x removed

Jack London; 7th cousin 3x removed

Robert Millikan: 7th cousin 3x removed

James Joyce; 7th cousin 3x removed

Franklin Delano Roosevelt; 7th cousin 3x removed

Percival Lowell; 8th cousin 2x removed

James Thurber; 8th cousin 2x removed

Ernest Hemingway: 9th cousin 1x removed

John Steinbeck; 9th cousin 1x removed

Frances Arnold; 10th cousin

John Forbes Nash; 10th cousin

William Cowper; 4th cousin 7x removed

Johnny “Appleseed” Chapman; 4th cousin 7x removed

Sarah Bates Lawrence: 5th cousin 6x removed

Sophia Smith: 6th cousin 5x removed

Joseph Wharton; 6th cousin 5x removed

Abraham Lincoln; 6th cousin 5x removed

E.E. Cummings; 8th cousin 3x removed

Virginia Woolf; 8th cousin 3x removed

Thomas Alva Edison; 8th cousin 3x removed*

T.S. Eliot; 9th cousin 2x removed

Eleazar Wheelock (founder of Dartmouth); 2nd cousin 10x removed

John Harvard; 3rd cousin 9x removed

George Washington; 3rd cousin 9x removed

Samuel Langhorne Clemens (Mark Twain) 6th cousin 6x removed

Jane Austen; 6th cousin 6x removed

Emily Dickinson: 8th cousin 4x removed

Arthur Cayley:  8th cousin 4x removed

Winston Churchill; 9th cousin 3x removed

George H.W. Bush; 10th cousin 2x removed

Kip Thorne: 10th cousin 2x removed

Queen Elizabeth II; 11th cousin 1x removed

Oliver Cromwell; 1st cousin 12x removed

John Dryden (1631-1700); 2nd cousin 11x removed

Jonathan Swift (1667-1745); 3rd cousin 10x removed

Sir Isaac Newton; 4th cousin 9x removed

Rev. Jonathan Edwards; 6th cousin 7x removed

William Blake; 6th cousin 7x removed

Noah Webster: 7th cousin 6x removed

George W. Bush; 10th cousin 3x removed

John Keats; 10th cousin 3x removed

Roger Penrose; 11th cousin 2x removed

William Faulkner. 11th cousin 2x removed

King Henry VII; 13th great-grandfather

Anna Kendrick; 13th cousin

William Butler Yeats; 13th cousin

Mary Sidney Herbert; 3rd cousin 11x removed

Lord Byron; 8th cousin 6x removed

William Wordsworth; 9th cousin 5x removed

Charles Darwin; 10 cousin 4x removed

Sir Robert Robertson: 11th cousin 3x removed

Ernst Rutherford; 11th cousin 3x removed

Stephen Hawking: 12th cousin 2x removed

Prince William; 12th cousin 2x removed

Princess Diana Spencer; 13th cousin 1x removed

Martin Luther King, Jr.; 13th cousin 1x removed

King Henry VIII; 14th great grandfather

Mary Boleyn; 14th great grandmother

Mary Queen of Scots; 1st cousin 14x removed

Queen Catherine Howard; 1st cousin 14x removed

William Shakespeare; 1st cousin 14x removed

Sir Francis Drake: 2nd cousin 13x removed

John Milton; 5th cousin 10x removed

John Locke; 5th cousin 10x removed

Thomas Hobbes; 5th cousin 10x removed

Alexander Pope; 5th cousin 10x removed

King George II; 6th cousin 9x removed

John Witherspoon; 6th cousin 9x removed

Charles Dickens; 7th cousin 8x removed

Bishop George Berkeley; 7th cousin 8x removed

David Hume; 9th cousin 6x removed

Alexander Hamilton; 10th cousin 5x removed*

Percival Shelley; 10th cousin 5x removed

Rudyard Kipling; 11th cousin 4x removed

Henryk Ibsen; 12th cousin 3x removed

Samuel Beckett; 13th cousin 2x removed

Robert Louis Stevenson; 13th cousin 2x removed

Kate Middleton; 15th cousin

Queen Jane Seymour; 15th great aunt

Queen Anne Boleyn; 1st cousin 15x removed

King Richard III; 1st cousin 15x removed

Francis Bacon; 3rd cousin 13x removed

Jonathan Dickinson; 5th cousin 11x removed

Edward De Vere 17th Earl of Oxford; 6th cousin 10x removed

Johann Sebastian Bach; 6th cousin 10x removed

William Makepeace Thackeray; 8th cousin 8x removed

Charles Ives; 12th cousin 4x removed

Katherine Parr; 5th cousin 12x removed

Sir Walter Raleigh; 5th cousin 12x removed

Aaron Burr, Jr.; 10th cousin 7x removed

Carl Adolf Gjellerup; 11th cousin 6x removed

Margrave of Brandenburg; 8th cousin 10x removed

Sir Thomas More, Saint (1478-1535); 5th cousin 14x removed

John Donne; and wife Anne More: 8th cousins 11x removed (both)

John Michell; 12th cousin 6x removed

Geoffrey Chaucer; Father of Seventeenth great-uncle

Queen Catherine of Aragon; 8th cousin 15 times removed

Louis VIII France; 23rd great-grandfather

King Henry I Beauclerc England; 25th great grandfather

King Owain Gwynnedd ap Gruffyd, Wales; 25th great grandfather

Giraldus Cambrensis; 1st cousin 25 times removed

Yaroslav I “Wise”; 27th great grandfather

Rurik 1st Viking King of Russia; 31st great-grandfather

Old King Cole; 49th great-grandfather

Boadicea Queen of Britain; 49th great-grandmother

Cymbeline; 50th great-grandfather

Joseph of Arimathea; 51st great-grandfather

Marc Antony; 52nd great-grandfather

Tiberius Claudius Nero; 52nd great-grandfather

Jesus Christ; 2nd cousin 53x removed

Julius Caesar; 55th great-uncle

 John Venn; Nephew of wife of 6th cousin 5x removed

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 12.25

36 – Forces of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han, under the command of Wu Han, conquer the separatist Chengjia empire, reuniting China. 274 – A temple to Sol Invictus is dedicated in Rome by Emperor Aurelian. 333 – Roman Emperor Constantine the Great elevates his youngest son Constans to the rank of Caesar. 336 – First documentary sign of Christmas celebration in Rome. 350 – Vetranio meets Constantius II at Naissus (Serbia) and is forced to abdicate his title (Caesar). Constantius allows him to live as a private citizen on a state pension. 508 – Clovis I, king of the Franks, is baptized into the Catholic faith at Reims, by Saint Remigius. 597 – Augustine of Canterbury and his fellow-labourers baptise in Kent more than 10,000 Anglo-Saxons. 800 – The coronation of Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor, in Rome. 1000 – The foundation of the Kingdom of Hungary: Hungary is established as a Christian kingdom by Stephen I of Hungary. 1013 – Sweyn Forkbeard takes control of the Danelaw and is proclaimed king of England. 1025 – Coronation of Mieszko II Lambert as king of Poland. 1066 – William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy is crowned king of England, at Westminster Abbey, London. 1076 – Coronation of Bolesław II the Generous as king of Poland. 1100 – Baldwin of Boulogne is crowned the first King of Jerusalem in the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. 1130 – Count Roger II of Sicily is crowned the first king of Sicily. 1261 – Eleven-year-old John IV Laskaris of the restored Eastern Roman Empire is deposed and blinded by orders of his co-ruler Michael VIII Palaiologos. 1492 – The carrack Santa María, commanded by Christopher Columbus, runs onto a reef off Haiti due to an improper watch. 1553 – Battle of Tucapel: Mapuche rebels under Lautaro defeat the Spanish conquistadors and executes the governor of Chile, Pedro de Valdivia. 1559 – Pope Pius IV is elected, four months after his predecessor's death. 1758 – Halley's Comet is sighted by Johann Georg Palitzsch, confirming Edmund Halley's prediction of its passage. This was the first passage of a comet predicted ahead of time. 1766 – Mapuches in Chile launch a series of surprise attacks against the Spanish starting the Mapuche uprising of 1766. 1776 – George Washington and the Continental Army cross the Delaware River at night to attack Hessian forces serving Great Britain at Trenton, New Jersey, the next day. 1793 – General "Mad Anthony" Wayne and a 300 man detachment identify the site of St. Clair's 1791 defeat by the large number of unburied human remains at modern Fort Recovery, Ohio. 1809 – Dr. Ephraim McDowell performs the first ovariotomy, removing a 22-pound tumor. 1814 – Rev. Samuel Marsden holds the first Christian service on land in New Zealand at Rangihoua Bay. 1815 – The Handel and Haydn Society, oldest continually performing arts organization in the United States, gives its first performance. 1826 – The Eggnog Riot at the United States Military Academy concludes after beginning the previous evening. 1831 – The Great Jamaican Slave Revolt begins; up to 20% of Jamaica's slaves mobilize in an ultimately unsuccessful fight for freedom. 1837 – Second Seminole War: American general Zachary Taylor leads 1,100 troops against the Seminoles at the Battle of Lake Okeechobee. 1868 – Pardons for ex-Confederates: United States President Andrew Johnson grants an unconditional pardon to all Confederate veterans. 1914 – A series of unofficial truces occur across the Western Front to celebrate Christmas. 1932 – A magnitude 7.6 earthquake in Gansu, China kills 275 people. 1941 – Admiral Chester W. Nimitz arrives at Pearl Harbor to assume command of the U.S. Pacific Fleet. 1941 – World War II: Battle of Hong Kong ends, beginning the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong. 1941 – Admiral Émile Muselier seizes the archipelago of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, which become the first part of France to be liberated by the Free French Forces. 1946 – The first European self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction is initiated within the Soviet Union's F-1 nuclear reactor. 1950 – The Stone of Scone, traditional coronation stone of British monarchs, is taken from Westminster Abbey by Scottish nationalist students. It later turns up in Scotland on April 11, 1951. 1951 – A bomb explodes at the home of Harry T. Moore and Harriette V. S. Moore, early leaders of the Civil Rights Movement, killing Harry instantly and fatally wounding Harriette. 1962 – The Soviet Union conducts its final above-ground nuclear weapon test, in anticipation of the 1963 Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. 1963 – Turkish Cypriot Bayrak Radio begins transmitting in Cyprus after Turkish Cypriots are forcibly excluded from Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation. 1968 – Apollo program: Apollo 8 performs the first successful Trans-Earth injection (TEI) maneuver, sending the crew and spacecraft on a trajectory back to Earth from Lunar orbit. 1968 – Kilvenmani massacre: Forty-four Dalits (untouchables) are burnt to death in Kizhavenmani village, Tamil Nadu, a retaliation for a campaign for higher wages by Dalit laborers. 1976 – EgyptAir Flight 664, a Boeing 707-366C, crashes on approach to Don Mueang International Airport, killing 71 people. 1977 – Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin meets in Egypt with its president Anwar Sadat. 1986 – Iraqi Airways Flight 163, a Boeing 737-270C, is hijacked and crashes in Arar, Saudi Arabia, killing 63 people. 1989 – Romanian Revolution: Deposed President of Romania Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife, Elena, are condemned to death and executed after a summary trial. 1991 – Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as President of the Soviet Union (the union itself is dissolved the next day). Ukraine's referendum is finalized and Ukraine officially leaves the Soviet Union. 1999 – Cubana de Aviación Flight 310, a Yakovlev Yak-42, crashes near Bejuma, Carabobo State, Venezuela, killing 22 people. 2003 – UTAGE Flight 141, a Boeing 727-223, crashes at the Cotonou Airport in Benin, killing 141 people. 2003 – The ill-fated Beagle 2 probe, released from the Mars Express spacecraft on December 19, stops transmitting shortly before its scheduled landing. 2004 – The Cassini orbiter releases Huygens probe which successfully landed on Saturn's moon Titan on January 14, 2005. 2012 – An Antonov An-72 plane crashes close to the city of Shymkent, killing 27 people. 2016 – A Russian Defence Ministry Tupolev Tu-154 carrying members of the Alexandrov Ensemble crashes into the Black Sea shortly after takeoff, killing all 92 people on board. 2019 – Twenty people are killed and thousands are left homeless by Typhoon Phanfone in the Philippines.