#improved poultry productivity

[farmerstrend]

Poultry Stakeholders in Kenya Embrace Welfare Standards Transforming Egg and Meat Industry

Kenya’s poultry industry is a significant contributor to the country’s agricultural economy, supplying both domestic and regional markets with eggs and meat. However, despite the sector’s growth, many farmers have struggled to implement proper animal welfare practices due to weak enforcement of existing regulations. The Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) introduced the KS 2945:2022 poultry welfare…

[pierrotdoesnteat]

NUTRITION JOURNALS: VITAMINS (PT 1/2)

HOW MANY VITAMINS ARE THERE?

- there are thirteen (13) essential vitamins; vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pathogenic acid (B5), biotin (B7), and folate (B9). these are the ones i'll focus on in this past, and it will be a longer post.

WHAT IS VITAMIN A?

- vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that supports your immune system, vision, reproductive health, and fetal growth. there are two forms of vitamin A; preformed vitamin A which are found in things like dairy, liver, and fish, and provitamin A carotenoids which can be found in fruits, vegetables, and oils. - The recommended daily amount of vitamin A is 900 micrograms (mcg) for adult men and 700 mcg for adult women.

WHAT IS VITAMIN B6?

- vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is important for normal brain development and for keeping the nervous system and immune system healthy. Food sources of vitamin B6 include poultry, fish, potatoes, chickpeas, bananas and fortified cereals. - vitamin B6 has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and helps your body to make DNA, hemoglobin, and neurotransmitters. - in addition to low iron, low vitamin B6 has been linked to anemia, which i dont imagine i need to tell yall is incredibly common in disordered people. - because B6 is connected to neurotransmitters, it can help regulate mood and even aid sleep. One study showed that higher vitamin B6 intake is associated with lower depression and anxiety risk in females, but not males. - vitamin B6 also helps your body maintain normal levels of homocysteine, an amino acid that helps to build proteins. - vitamin B6 supplementation specifically has been shown to improve body composition – your ratio of lean muscle to fat. it has also been linked with higher muscle mass and lower body fat levels. in particular, vitamin B6 supplementation has been linked to lower-body weight loss, with a reduced amount of fat across the hips and waist.

WHAT IS VITAMIN B12?

- vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) plays an essential role in red blood cell formation, cell metabolism, nerve function and the production of DNA, the molecules inside cells that carry genetic information. - sources of vitamin B-12 include poultry, meat, fish and dairy products. Vitamin B-12 is also added to some foods, such as fortified breakfast cereals, and is available as an oral supplement. - some studies suggest that vitamin B12 could affect body fat and metabolism. one review concluded that vitamin B12 plays a key role in fat metabolism, noting that a deficiency could be linked to increased fat accumulation and obesity. take this with a grain of salt, though, because there is limited research on the topic. - vitamin B12 plays a role in serotonin production, so a deficiency may be connected with clinical depression. this may feel irrelevant, but your physical and mental health are really complexly connected. taking care of one can help improve the other.

WHAT IS VITAMIN C?

- vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a nutrient your body needs to form blood vessels, cartilage, muscle and collagen in bones. vitamin C is also vital to your body's healing process. additionally, it is an antioxidant that helps protect your cells against the effects of free radicals- molecules produced when your body breaks down food or is exposed to tobacco smoke and radiation from the sun, x-rays or other sources. - vitamin C is found in citrus fruits, berries, potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, cabbage, brussel sprouts, broccoli and spinach. - vitamin C helps your body to absorb iron in foods like beans and spinach, who's bio-availability is lower. - although vitamin C doesn't necessarily cause weight loss, it seems to be related to body weight. getting sufficient amounts of vitamin C increases body fat oxidation during moderate-intensity exercise. - another critical function of vitamin C is synthesizing carnitine, which transports long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria that produce energy.

WHAT IS VITAMIN D?

- there are different forms of vitamin D, including ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). vitamin D is found in fish, eggs, and fortified milk. It's also made in the skin when exposed to sunlight. during periods of sunlight, vitamin D is stored in fat and then released when sunlight is not available. - your body can only absorb calcium, the primary component of bone, when vitamin D is present. Vitamin D also regulates many other cellular functions in your body. Its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuro-protective properties support immune health, muscle function and brain cell activity. - vitamin D might play an important role in regulating mood and decreasing the risk of depression, and some studies suggest there may be a link between vitamin D and obesity, though more research is needed to verify this.

WHAT IS VITAMIN E?

- vitamin E is a nutrient that's important to vision, reproduction, and the health of your blood, brain and skin. vitamin E deficiency can cause nerve pain (neuropathy). - foods rich in vitamin E include canola oil, olive oil, margarine, almonds and peanuts. You can also get vitamin E from meats, dairy, leafy greens and fortified cereals. - getting enough vitamin E may help prevent oxidative stress and cellular damage. oxidative stress occurs when there’s an imbalance between your body’s antioxidant defenses and the production and accumulation of compounds called reactive oxygen species (ROS). this can lead to cellular damage and increased disease risk.

WHAT IS VITAMIN K?

- vitamin K is actually a group of compounds, with the most important ones being vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. vitamin K1 is obtained from leafy greens and some other vegetables. vitamin K2 is a group of compounds largely obtained from meats, cheeses, and eggs and synthesized by bacteria. - vitamin K's key role is to help heal injuries through blood clotting and strengthen bones by making four proteins among the 13 that are needed for blood clotting (coagulation) and osteocalcin.

[probablyasocialecologist]

By combining food-bearing trees and shrubs with poultry production, Haslett-Marroquin and his peers are practicing what is known as agroforestry — an ancient practice that intertwines annual and perennial agriculture. Other forms include alley cropping, in which annual crops including grains, legumes, and vegetables grow between rows of food-bearing trees, and silvopasture, which features cattle munching grass between the rows. Agroforestry was largely abandoned in the United States after the nation’s westward expansion in the 19th century. In the 2022 Agricultural Census, just 1.7 percent of U.S. farmers reported integrating trees into crop and livestock operations. But it’s widely practiced across the globe, particularly in Southeast Asia and Central and South America. According to the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization, 43 percent of all agricultural land globally includes agroforestry features. Bringing trees to the region now known as the Corn Belt, known for its industrial-scale agriculture and largely devoid of perennial crops, might seem like the height of folly. On closer inspection, however, agroforestry systems like Haslett-Marroquin’s might be a crucial strategy for both preserving and revitalizing one of the globe’s most important farming regions. And while the corn-soybean duopoly that holds sway in the U.S. heartland produces mainly feed for livestock and ethanol, agroforestry can deliver a broader variety of nutrient-dense foods, like nuts and fruit, even as it diversifies farmer income away from the volatile global livestock-feed market.

[...]

Trees actually have a much longer and more robust history in the Midwestern landscape than do annual crops. Think of the Midwestern countryside before U.S. settlers arrived, and you might picture lush grasses and flowers swaying in the wind. That vision is largely accurate, but it’s incomplete. Amid the tall-grass prairies and wetlands, oak trees once dotted landscapes from the shores of Lake Michigan through swathes of present-day Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, and Missouri, clear down to the Mexican border. These trees didn’t clump together in dense forests with closed canopies but rather in what ecologists call savannas — patches of grassland interspersed with oaks. Within these oak savannas, which were interlaced with prairies, tree crowns covered between 10 percent and 30 percent of the ground. They were essentially a transition between the tight deciduous forests of the East and the fully open grasslands further west. And in the region where Haslett-Marroquin farms — part of the so-called Driftless Area, which was never glaciated — trees proliferated even more intensely. In pre-settlement times, according to a 2014 analysis coauthored by Iowa State University ecologist Lisa Schulte Moore, closed-canopy forests of oaks, sugar maples, and other species covered 15.3 percent of the area, and woodlands (low-density forests) took up another 8.6 percent. Prairies — the ecosystem we readily imagine — composed just 6.9 percent. Oak savannas made up the rest.

10 September 2024

[accountability-movement]

The cost of eggs will rise

Help me develop accountability questions for our government in regards to bird flu and the cost of eggs:

Given that avian influenza has led to the culling of millions of egg-laying hens, resulting in a significant decrease in egg production and a corresponding increase in prices, what specific measures is the government implementing to mitigate the impact on consumers?

Considering the ongoing avian influenza outbreak, which has been linked to rising egg prices, what steps is the government taking to support affected poultry farmers and ensure a stable egg supply?

What proactive measures is the government implementing to prevent future avian influenza outbreaks, and how are they ensuring that poultry farms adhere to biosecurity protocols to minimize the risk of virus transmission?

How is the government investing in research and development of avian influenza vaccines or treatments to protect poultry populations and stabilize the egg supply chain in the future?

What lessons has the government learned from the current avian influenza outbreak, and how are these lessons being applied to improve response strategies for future animal disease outbreaks that could impact food supply and prices?

Given the ongoing challenges posed by avian influenza, what investments is the government making in vaccine research and biosecurity measures to protect poultry populations and prevent future outbreaks?

Considering the economic strain on restaurateurs and bakeries due to rising egg prices, what assistance programs are in place to support small businesses heavily reliant on eggs?

What steps is the government taking to enhance surveillance and early detection of such diseases to mitigate their impact on the food supply?

Given the forecasted 20% increase in egg prices in 2025 due to ongoing avian influenza outbreaks, what immediate actions is the government taking to alleviate the financial burden on consumers, especially those in low-income households?

Following the removal of over 1,000 pages related to gender identity and vaccine information from federal websites, how does the administration plan to ensure that critical health information remains accessible to the public?

With the recent appointment of new leadership within the CDC, what measures are being implemented to restore public trust and improve the agency's responsiveness to health crises?

In response to the removal of certain health guidelines from federal websites, how does the administration plan to address concerns about transparency and the politicization of public health information?

[tiancimachines]

The important role of organic fertilizer equipment in agricultural waste treatment

The important role of organic fertilizer equipment in agricultural waste treatment is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. Resource utilization: Organic fertilizer equipment can process and transform organic materials such as agricultural waste, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure to make organic fertilizer and realize the reuse of resources.

2. Reduce environmental pollution: Through the fermentation composting system in the organic fertilizer production line, these wastes are fermented and decomposed to degrade harmful substances in organic matter and reduce environmental pollution.

3. Improve soil fertility: Organic fertilizers are rich in organic matter and nutrients, which can improve soil structure, improve soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, promote plant growth and development, and thus improve crop yield and quality.

4. Promote ecological cycle: The application of organic fertilizer equipment promotes the virtuous cycle of the ecosystem, reduces the dependence on chemical fertilizers, and reduces the pollution of agricultural production to the environment.

5. Improve crop yield and quality: Organic fertilizers are rich in organic matter and nutrients, which can improve soil structure, improve soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, promote plant growth and development, and thus improve crop yield and quality.

6. Promote sustainable agricultural development: Organic fertilizer equipment helps to promote the development of sustainable agriculture, through the conversion of agricultural waste into organic fertilizer, to achieve the reuse of resources, reduce environmental pollution, improve crop yield and quality.

In summary, organic fertilizer equipment plays an important role in agricultural waste treatment, which not only contributes to environmental protection and resource recycling, but also improves the yield and quality of crops and promotes the sustainable development of agriculture.

[weightloss35]

Weight Loss Diet Plan 7-Day Low Carb 1500 Calorie

If you're looking for a simple, effective way to lose weight while still enjoying delicious meals, a low-carb 1500 calorie diet might be the perfect solution. Cutting carbs and managing calorie intake can help with weight loss, improve energy levels, and keep you feeling full longer. In this guide, we’ll cover the basics of the 1500 calorie diet, what foods to include (and avoid), and a 7-day meal plan to get you started.

What is the 1500 Calorie Diet?

A 1500 calorie diet is a structured meal plan that provides 1,500 calories per day through breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks. It focuses on portion control, nutrient-dense foods, and a balance of proteins, healthy fats, and low-carb options to keep you feeling satisfied while promoting weight loss.

How to Structure Your Meals:

Breakfast: 300–350 calories

Lunch: 350–400 calories

Dinner: 424–525 calories

Snacks: 100–150 calories each (morning & afternoon)

The best part? You can customize your meals based on your personal food preferences while staying within these calorie limits.

Foods to Eat on the 1500 Calorie Diet

A low-carb approach doesn’t mean eliminating carbs entirely, but rather choosing the right ones. Here are the best foods to include in your meal plan:

Protein Sources:

Eggs

Poultry (chicken, turkey)

Meat (beef, pork, lamb)

Fish and seafood (salmon, cod, shrimp, oysters)

Plant-based proteins (tofu, tempeh, legumes)

Healthy Fats:

Avocado

Nuts and seeds

Nut butters (almond, peanut, cashew)

Olive oil, coconut oil

Full-fat dairy (cheese, yogurt, kefir)

Carbs in Moderation:

Non-starchy vegetables (broccoli, kale, mushrooms, asparagus)

Fruits (berries, melons, pears, grapes, bananas)

Whole grains (quinoa, brown rice, oats)

Starchy vegetables (sweet potatoes, butternut squash)

Seasonings & Condiments:

Herbs and spices (garlic, oregano, rosemary, black pepper)

Vinegar, lemon juice, salsa

Unsweetened beverages (water, green tea, black coffee, sparkling water)

Foods to Avoid on the 1500 Calorie Diet

To maximize weight loss and maintain balanced energy levels, cut back on these foods:

Fast food: Pizza, French fries, chicken nuggets

Refined carbs: White bread, pasta, sugary cereals, crackers

Processed foods: Packaged meals, processed deli meats

Fried foods: Potato chips, doughnuts, deep-fried snacks

Added sugars: Candy, baked goods, sugary snack bars

Sugary drinks: Soda, fruit juice, sweetened coffee drinks

Is 1500 Calories Enough?

A 1500 calorie diet can provide enough nutrients for most people, especially when properly balanced. Protein intake should be around 50g or more per day to keep you full and energized. While carbs should be limited, they shouldn’t be eliminated entirely—fiber-rich foods like beans, whole grains, and veggies will help keep you satisfied.

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LINK IN BIO

7-Day 1500 Calorie Meal Plan

Here’s a one-week low-carb meal plan to help you get started:

Day 1

Breakfast: Cheese & Vegetable Egg Muffins

Snack: 2 hard-boiled eggs

Lunch: Roasted Veggie Mason Jar Salad

Snack: ⅓ cup guacamole + 6 sweet potato tortilla chips

Dinner: Portobello Mushrooms Stuffed with Barley Risotto

Day 2

Breakfast: Fruit & Yogurt Smoothie

Snack: ½ medium apple + 2 tsp peanut butter

Lunch: Tortellini Soup with Italian Sausage

Snack: 40 pistachios

Dinner: Curried Cauliflower Steaks with Red Rice & Tzatziki

Day 3

Breakfast: Vegan Gluten-Free Waffles

Snack: Medium apple + 1 tbsp natural peanut butter

Lunch: Cauliflower Chicken Chili

Snack: ¾ cup edamame

Dinner: 15 tamari or Marcona almonds

Day 4

Breakfast: Peanut Butter, Banana & Chia Toast

Snack: (3) Lemon Coconut Protein Balls

Lunch: One Pan Teriyaki Chicken & Noodles

Snack: 2 cups air-popped popcorn

Dinner: Taco Lettuce Wraps

Day 5

Breakfast: Turkey Meatball Frittata

Snack: 1 cup snap peas + 3 tbsp hummus

Lunch: Parsnip & White Bean Soup with Crispy Brussels Sprouts

Snack: 6 cucumber slices + 1 oz cream cheese

Dinner: Vegan Macro Bowl

Day 6

Breakfast: Chai Oatmeal with Peaches & Pecans

Snack: Avocado with cottage cheese

Lunch: Slow Cooker Cheeseburger Soup

Snack: 7 olives + 1 slice of cheese

Dinner: Cod with Tomato Cream Sauce

Day 7

Breakfast: Cheesy Bacon Breakfast Tortilla

Snack: (3) Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough Balls

Lunch: Chickpea Shawarma Salad

Snack: Half-ounce dark chocolate square + banana

Dinner: Veggie Sushi Rolls

Ready to Start?

This 7-day meal plan is designed to help you lose weight, stay energized, and enjoy delicious food without feeling deprived. Stick to whole, nutrient-dense foods, manage portions, and stay consistent to see results!

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Want more meal plans and healthy eating tips? Share this post on Pinterest and check out our latest wellness guides!

[homeofhousechickens]

Hey, I was wondering what separates high-quality birds from low-quality birds? I saw the term on the bantam comparison post, and I get the general idea, but every time I try to search it more specifically, it just gives me raw chicken.

A high quality bird is going to typically be overall a "better" bird then a low quality one and that can be different things for different breeds. For example in America we like our Ayam Cemani to be nice and shiny when in Indonesia they like their black to be dull and "darker" and some breeders actually select birds who have poor feather quality as an aesthetic. In that case those birds would look low quality to us but would be high quality to them. But i can still give my personal opinion on what makes a bird high quality.

A high quality chicken will have these traits

-Closely matches their breed standard or the historic traits of the breed. That means the birds shape, feather color and type, and personality all fit their breed.

-Great health, longer lived and a longer productive life meaning hens lay longer and roosters stay spunky for longer.

-Great feather quality, feathers are correctly shaped for their breed,sturdy, and dont wear down quickly.

- Colors have depth and richness to them. They should be uniform with no interuptions in the feather and patterns and transitions should be clean

-Good personality. The birds should be handable and good mannered even naturally skittish breeds should be worked with to improve that

You get the above with careful selection, breeding the right birds together and sourcing good foundational birds who fit the above criteria. A farm mutt can be high quality if its from good breeding and care in my opinion.

Hatchery quality or Low quality birds are birds typically bred under the idea that quantity is better then quality. Typically these birds will have the opposite traits to those i listed above.

Beeper for example is hatchery quality lets compare her to her breed standard and a bird id consider high quality, the bird on the left is Beeper and the one of the right is a Champion

Here is an illustration of a dark bantam brahma from the America standard of perfection from the 1950s. Keep in mind the hen on the right above could angle her neck like the picture below, her head is just more relaxed.

Here is what the standards want and say is most important, ill pick out the things that pertain to Beeper specifically. Im using the australian open poultry standards for my source.

-The head and crown are most important breed characteristics. Texture of the feathers is also of great importance, for the plumage should be smooth fitting and not loose- feathered and soft as in the Cochin.

-The head is small, rather short, of medium breadth, and with slight prominence over the eyes. Beak short and strong. Eyes large and prominent. Comb triple (or "pea"), small, closely fitting and drooping behind. Face smooth, free from feathers or hairs. Earlobes long and fine, free from feathers. Wattles small, fine, and rounded, free from feathers.

-Comb, Face, Earlobes and Wattles should be bright red.

-The Body should be broad, square, and deep; full breast, with horizontal keel; short back, either flat or slightly hollow between the shoulders, the saddle rising half-way between the hackle and the tail until it reaches the tail coverts ; medium-sized wings with lower line horizontal, free from twisted or slipped feathers, well tucked under the saddle feathers, which should be of ample length; tail of medium length, rising from the line of the saddle and carried nearly upright, the quill feathers well spread, the coverts broad and abundant, well curved, and almost covering the quill feathers

With those standards i have listed and the the comparsions i have shown i want you to make your own judgements (like your a poultry judge) on why Beeper isnt the same quality as the hen on the right.

(Also i want to say sometimes these comparisons hurt peoples feelings for some reason. I love Beeper her not being the best quality doesnt make me love her any less lol)

[dailyanarchistposts]

I.4.10 What would be the advantage of a wide basis of surplus distribution?

We noted earlier (in section I.3.1) that competition between syndicates could lead to “co-operative egotism” (to use Kropotkin’s term) and that to eliminate this problem, the basis of collectivisation needs to be widened so that production is based on need and, as a result, surpluses are distributed society-wide. The advantage of a wide surplus distribution is that it allows all to have a decent life and stop market forces making people work harder and longer to survive in the economy (see section I.1.3). The consolidation of syndicates that would otherwise compete will, it is hoped, lead to a more efficient allocation of resources and technical improvements so allowing the transformation of work and reduction of the time we need to spend in production. We will back up this claim with illustrations from the Spanish Revolution as well as from today’s system.

Collectivisation in Catalonia embraced not only major industries like municipal transportation and utilities, but smaller establishments as well: small factories, artisan workshops, service and repair shops, etc. Augustin Souchy describes the process as follows:

“The artisans and small workshop owners, together with their employees and apprentices, often joined the union of their trade. By consolidating their efforts and pooling their resources on a fraternal basis, the shops were able to undertake very big projects and provide services on a much wider scale … The collectivisation of the hairdressing shops provides an excellent example of how the transition of a small-scale manufacturing and service industry from capitalism to socialism was achieved … “Before July 19th, 1936 [the date of the Revolution], there were 1,100 hairdressing parlours in Barcelona, most of them owned by poor wretches living from hand to mouth. The shops were often dirty and ill-maintained. The 5,000 hairdressing assistants were among the most poorly paid workers … Both owners and assistants therefore voluntarily decided to socialise all their shops. “How was this done? All the shops simply joined the union. At a general meeting they decided to shut down all the unprofitable shops. The 1,100 shops were reduced to 235 establishments, a saving of 135,000 pesetas per month in rent, lighting, and taxes. The remaining 235 shops were modernised and elegantly outfitted. From the money saved, wages were increased by 40%. Everyone having the right to work and everyone received the same wages. The former owners were not adversely affected by socialisation. They were employed at a steady income. All worked together under equal conditions and equal pay. The distinction between employers and employees was obliterated and they were transformed into a working community of equals — socialism from the bottom up.” [The Anarchist Collectives, Sam Dolgoff (ed.), pp. 93–94]

The collectives, as well as improving working conditions, also ensured access to other goods and services which market forces had previously denied working class people. Across Republican Spain collectives in towns and villages organised health care. For example, in the village of Magdalena de Pulpis housing “was free and completely socialised, as was medical care … Medicines, supplies, transfer to hospitals in Barcelona or Castellon, surgery, services of specialists — all was paid for by the collective.” This was also done for education, with collectives forming and running schools, colleges and universities. For example, Regional Peasant Federation of Levant saw each collective organise “one or two free schools for the children” and “almost wiped out illiteracy” (over 70% of rural Spain was literate before the Civil War). It also organised a “University of Moncada” which “gave courses in animal husbandry, poultry raising. animal breeding, agriculture, tree science, etc.” [Gaston Leval, Op. Cit., p. 156 and p. 125]

These examples, social anarchists argue, show that co-operation ensures that resources are efficiently allocated and waste is minimised by cutting down needless competition. It also ensures that necessary goods and services which meet vital areas for human well-being and development are available for all rather than the few. Rather than reduce choice, such co-operation increased it by making such things available to all (and as consumers have choices in which syndicate to consume from as well as having direct communication between consumer co-operatives and productive units, there is little danger that rationalisation in production will hurt the interests of the consumer).

Another way in which wide distribution of surplus can be advantageous is in Research and Development (R&D). By creating a fund for research and development which is independent of the fortunes of individual syndicates, society as a whole can be improved by access to useful new technologies and processes. Therefore, in a libertarian socialist society, people (both within the workplace and in communities) are likely to decide to allocate significant amounts of resources for basic research from the available social output. This is because the results of this research would be freely available to all and so would aid everyone in the long term. In addition, because workers directly control their workplace and the local community effectively “owns” it, all affected would have an interest in exploring research which would reduce labour, pollution, waste and so on or increase output with little or no social impact.

It should also be mentioned here that research would be pursued more and more as people take an increased interest in both their own work and education. As people become liberated from the grind of everyday life, they will explore possibilities as their interests take them and so research will take place on many levels within society — in the workplace, in the community, in education and so on.

This means that research and innovation would be in the direct interests of everyone involved and that all would have the means to do it. Under capitalism, this is not the case. Most research is conducted in order to get an edge in the market by increasing productivity or expanding production into new (previously unwanted) areas. Any increased productivity often leads to unemployment, deskilling and other negative effects for those involved. Libertarian socialism will not face this problem. Moreover, it should be stressed that basic research is not something which free-market capitalism does well. As Doug Henwood notes, basic science research “is heavily funded by the public sector and non-profit institutions like universities.” The internet and computer, for example, were both projects for the Pentagon and “the government picked up the basic R&D tab for decades, when neither Wall Street nor private industry showed any interest. In fact, capital only became interested when the start-up costs had all been borne by the public sector and there were finally profits to be made … good American individualists don’t like to talk about the public sector, since their hero is the plucky entrepreneur.” [After the New Economy, p. 196 and p. 6] The rise of such systems across the world indicates that basic research often needs public support in order to be done. Even such a leading neo-classical economist as Kenneth Arrow had to admit in the 1960s that market forces are insufficient:

“basic research, the output of which is only used as an informational input into other inventive activities, is especially unlikely to be rewarded. In fact, it is likely to be of commercial value to the firm undertaking it only if other firms are prevented from using the information. But such restriction reduces the efficiency of inventive activity in general, and will therefore reduce its quantity also.” [quoted by David Schweickart, Against capitalism, p. 132]

Nothing has changed since. Would modern society have produced so many innovations if it had not been for the Pentagon system, the space race and so on? Take the Internet, for example — it is unlikely that this would have got off the ground if it had not been for public funding. Needless to say, of course, much of this technology has been developed for evil reasons and purposes and would be in need of drastic change (or, in many some, abolition) before it could be used in a libertarian society. However, the fact remains that it is unlikely that a pure market based system could have generated most of the technology we take for granted. As Noam Chomsky argues:

”[Alan] Greenspan [then head of the US Federal Reserve] gave a talk to newspaper editors in the US. He spoke passionately about the miracles of the market, the wonders brought by consumer choice, and so on. He also gave examples: the Internet, computers, information processing, lasers, satellites, transistors. It’s an interesting list: these are textbook examples of creativity and production in the public sector. In the case of the Internet, for 30 years it was designed, developed and funded primarily in the public sector, mostly the Pentagon, then the National Science Foundation — that’s most of the hardware, the software, new ideas, technology, and so on. In just the last couple of years it has been handed over to people like Bill Gates … In the case of the Internet, consumer choice was close to zero, and during the crucial development stages that same was true of computers, information processing, and all the rest … “In fact, of all the examples that Greenspan gives, the only one that maybe rises above the level of a joke is transistors, and they are an interesting case. Transistors, in fact, were developed in a private laboratory — Bell Telephone Laboratories of AT&T — which also made major contributions to solar cells, radio astronomy, information theory, and lots of other important things. But what is the role of markets and consumer choice in that? Well, again, it turns out, zero. AT&T was a government supported monopoly, so there was no consumer choice, and as a monopoly they could charge high prices: in effect a tax on the public which they could use for institutions like Bell Laboratories … So again, it’s publicly subsidised. As if to demonstrate the point, as soon as the industry was deregulated, Bell Labs went out of existence, because the public wasn’t paying for it any more … But that’s only the beginning of the story. True, Bell invented transistors, but they used wartime technology, which, again, was publicly subsidised and state-initiated. Furthermore, there was nobody to buy transistors at that time, because they were very expensive to produce. So, for ten years the government was the major procurer … Government procurement provided entrepreneurial initiatives and guided the development of the technology, which could then be disseminated to industry.” [Rogue States, pp. 192–3]

The free market can also have a negative impact on innovation. This is because, in order to please shareholders with higher share prices, companies may reduce funds available for real investment as well as R&D which would also depress growth and employment in the long term. What shareholders might condemn as “uneconomic” (investment projects and R&D) can, and does, make society as a whole better off. However, these gains are over the long term and, within capitalism, it is short-term gains which count. Higher share prices in the here and now are essential in order to survive and so see the long-run.

A socialised economy with a wide-scale sharing of surpluses and resources could easily allocate resources for R&D, long term investment, innovation and so on. Via the use of mutual banks or confederations of syndicates and communes, resources could be allocated which take into account the importance of long-term priorities, as well as social costs, which are not taken into account (indeed, are beneficial to ignore) under capitalism. Rather than penalise long term investment and research and development, a socialised economy would ensure that adequate resources are available, something which would benefit everyone in society in some way.

If we look at vocational training and education, a wide basis of surplus distribution would aid this no end. Under free market capitalism, vocational training suffers for profit seeking firms will not incur costs that will be enjoyed by others. This means that firms will be reluctant to spend money on training if they fear that the trained workers will soon be poached by other firms which can offer more money because they had not incurred the cost of providing training. As a result few firms will provide the required training as they could not be sure that the trained workers will not leave for their competitors (and, of course, a trained work force also, due to their skill, have more workplace power and are less replaceable). So as well as technological developments, a wide basis of surplus distribution would help improve the skills and knowledge of the members of a community. As Keynesian economist Michael Stewart points out, ”[t]here are both theoretical and empirical reasons to suppose that market forces under-provide research and development expenditures, as well as both education and training.” [Keynes in the 1990s, p. 77]

By socialising training via confederations of workplaces, syndicates could increase productivity via increasing the skill levels of their members. Higher skill levels will also tend to increase innovation and enjoyment at “work” when combined with workers’ self-management. This is because an educated workforce in control of their own time will be unlikely to tolerate mundane, boring, machine-like work and seek ways to eliminate it, improve the working environment and increase productivity to give them more free time.

In addition to work conducted by syndicates, education establishments, communes and so on, it would be essential to provide resources for individuals and small groups to pursue “pet projects.” Of course, syndicates and confederations will have their own research institutions but the innovatory role of the interested “amateur” cannot be over-rated. As Kropotkin argued:

“What is needed to promote the spirit of innovation is … the awakening of thought, the boldness of conception, which our entire education causes to languish; it is the spreading of a scientific education, which would increase the numbers of inquirers a hundred-fold; it is faith that humanity is going to take a step forward, because it is enthusiasm, the hope of doing good, that has inspired all the great inventors. The Social Revolution alone can give this impulse to thought, this boldness, this knowledge, this conviction of working for all. “Then we shall have vast institutes … immense industrial laboratories open to all inquirers, where men will be able to work out their dreams, after having acquitted themselves of their duty towards society; … where they will make their experiments; where they will find other comrades, experts in other branches of industry, likewise coming to study some difficult problem, and therefore able to help and enlighten each other — the encounter of their ideas and experiences causing the longed-for solution to be found.” [The Conquest of Bread, p. 117]

The example of free software (operating systems, programming languages, specific packages and code) today show the potential this. Thus socialisation would aid innovation and scientific development by providing the necessary resources (including free time) for such work. Moreover, it would also provide the community spirit required to push the boundaries of science forward. As John O’Neil argues:

“There is, in a competitive market economy, a disincentive to communicate information. The market encourages secrecy, which is inimical to openness in science. It presupposes a view of property in which the owner has rights to exclude others. In the sphere of science, such rights of exclusion place limits on the communication of information and theories which are incompatible with the growth of knowledge … science tends to grow when communication is open… [In addition a] necessary condition for the acceptability of a theory or experimental result is that it pass the public, critical scrutiny of competent scientific judges. A private theory or result is one that is shielded from the criteria of scientific acceptability.” [The Market, p. 153]

Today inventors often “carefully hide their inventions from each other, as they are hampered by patents and Capitalism — that bane of present society, that stumbling-block in the path of intellectual and moral progress.” In a free society, socialisation would ensure that inventors will be able to build upon the knowledge of everyone, including past generations. Rather than hide knowledge from others, in case they get a competitive advantage, knowledge would be shared, enriching all involved as well as the rest of society. Thus the “spreading of a scientific education, which would increase the number of inquirers”, “faith that humanity is going to take a step forward” and the “enthusiasm, the hope of doing good, that has inspired all the great inventors” will be maximised and innovation increased. [Kropotkin, Op. Cit., p. 117 and pp. 116–7]

Social anarchists would also suggest that socialisation would produce more benefits by looking at existing societies. The evidence from the UK, USA, Australia, New Zealand and China shows that privatisations of nationalised industries associated with neo-liberalism failed in its stated aims of cheaper and better services while more than succeeding in their unstated aim of redistributing wealth upwards (for details see In Government we Trust: Market Failure and the delusions of privatisation by Warrick Funnell, Robert Jupe and Jane Andrew). The examples of railway and utility privatisation, the energy crisis in California (with companies like Enron reaping huge speculative profits while consumers faced blackouts) and the Sydney water treatment scandal in Australia are sadly all too typical. Ironically, in the UK after 30 years of Thatcherite policies (first under the Tories and then New Labour) the readers of the right-wing press who supported it are subjected to article after article complaining about “Rip off Britain” and yet more increases in the prices charged for privatised utilities, services and goods. This, it must be stressed, if not to suggest that anarchists aim for nationalisation (we do not, we aim for socialisation and workers’ self-management) but rather to indicate that privatising resources does not benefit the majority of people in a given society.

It should also be noted that more unequal societies are bad for almost everyone within them. Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett in their book The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better show that almost every modern social and environmental problem (including ill-health, lack of community life, violence, drugs, obesity, mental illness, long working hours, big prison populations) is more likely to occur in an unequal society than a more equal one. Based on thirty years of research, it shows that inequality, as anarchists have long argued, is bad for us. As such, socialisation of wealth would benefit us all.

Lastly, there is the issue of those who cannot work and the general provision of public goods. With a wide distribution to surplus, communal hospitals, schools, universities and so on can be created. The simple fact is that any society has members who cannot (indeed, should not) work unless they want to, such as the young, the old and the sick. In an Individualist Anarchist society, there is no real provision for these individuals unless someone (a family member, friend or charity) provides them with the money required for hospital fees and so on. For most anarchists, such a situation seems far too much like the system we are currently fighting against to be appealing. As such, social anarchists argue that everyone deserves an education, health care and so on as a right and so be able live a fully human life as a right, rather than a privilege to be paid for. A communal basis for distribution would ensure that every member of the commune can receive such things automatically, as and when required. The removal of the worry that, for example, privatised health care produces can be seen as a benefit of socialisation which cannot be reflected in, say, GDP or similar economic measures (not to mention the ethical statement it makes).

Significantly, though, non-privatised system of health care are more efficient. Competition as well as denying people treatment also leads to inefficiencies as prices are inflated to pay for advertising, competition related administration costs, paying dividends to share-holders and so on. This drives up the cost for those lucky enough to be covered, not to mention the stress produced by the constant fear of losing insurance or being denying payment due to the insurance company deciding against the patient and their doctor. For example, in 1993, Canada’s health plans devoted 0.9% of spending to overhead, compared to U.S. figures of 3.2% for Medicare and 12% for private insurers. In addition, when Canada adopted its publicly financed system in 1971, it and the U.S. both spent just over 7% of GDP on health care. By 1990, the U.S. was up to 12.3%, verses Canada’s 9%. Since then costs have continued to rise and rise, making health-care reform of key interest to the public who are suffering under it (assuming they are lucky enough to have private insurance, of course).

The madness of private health-care shows the benefits of a society-wide distribution of surpluses. Competition harms health-care provision and, as a result, people. According to Alfie Kohn:

“More hospitals and clinics are being run by for-profit corporations; many institutions, forced to battle for ‘customers,’ seem to value a skilled director of marketing more highly than a skilled caregiver. As in any other economic sector, the race for profits translates into pressure to reduce costs, and the easiest way to do it here is to cut back on services to unprofitable patients, that is, those who are more sick than rich … The result: hospital costs are actually higher in areas where there is more competition for patients.” [No Contest, p. 240]

American Liberal Robert Kuttner concurs:

“The American health-care system is a tangle of inequity and inefficiency — and getting worse as private-market forces seek to rationalise it. A shift to a universal system of health coverage would cut this Gordian knot at a stroke. It would not only deliver the explicitly medical aspects of health more efficiently and fairly, but, by socialising costs of poor health, it would also create a powerful financial incentive for society as a whole to stress primary prevention. .. every nation with a universal system spends less of its GDP on health care than the United States … And nearly every other nation with a universal system has longer life spans from birth (though roughly equivalent life spans from adulthood) … most nations with universal systems also have greater patient satisfaction. “The reasons … should be obvious. By their nature, universal systems spend less money on wasteful overhead, and more on primary prevention. Health-insurance overhead in the United States alone consumes about 1 percent of the GDP, compared to 0.1 percent in Canada. Though medical inflation is a problem everywhere, the universal systems have had far lower rates of cost inflation … In the years between 1980 and 1987, total health costs in the United States increased by 2.4 times the rate of GDP growth. In nations with universal systems, they increased far more slowly. The figures for Sweden, France, West Germany, and Britain were 1.2, 1.6, 1.8, and 1.7 percent, respectively … “Remarkably enough, the United States spends most money on health care, but has the fewest beds per thousand in population, the lowest admission rate, and the lowest occupancy rate — coupled with the highest daily cost, highest technology-intensiveness, and greatest number of employees per bed.” [Everything for Sale, pp. 155–6]

In 1993, the US paid 13.4% of its GDP towards health care, compared to 10% for Canada, 8.6% for Sweden and Germany, 6.6% for Britain and 6.8% for Japan. Only 40% of the US population was covered by public health care and over 35 million people, 14% of the population, went without health insurance for all of 1991, and about twice that many were uninsured for some period during the year. In terms of health indicators, the US people are not getting value for money. Life expectancy is higher in Canada, Sweden, Germany, Japan and Britain. The USA has the highest levels of infant mortality and is last in basic health indicators as well as having fewer doctors per 1,000 people than the OECD average. All in all, the US system is miles begin the universal systems of other countries.

Of course, it will be argued that the USA is not a pure “free market” and so comparisons are pointless. However, it seems strange that the more competitive system, the more privatised system, is less efficient and less fair than the universal systems. It also seems strange that defenders of competition happily use examples from “actually existing” capitalism to illustrate their politics but reject negative examples as being a product of an “impure” system. They want to have their cake and eat it to.

Significantly, we should note that the use of surplus for communal services (such as hospitals and education) can be seen from the Spanish Revolution. Many collectives funded new hospitals and colleges for their members, providing hundreds of thousands with services they could never have afforded by their own labour. This is a classic example of co-operation helping the co-operators achieve far more than they could by their own isolated activities. This libertarian health system was run and how other public services would be organised in a free society are discussed in section I.5.12.

So we can generalise from our experiences of different kinds of capitalism. If you want to live in a society of well-educated people, working today as equals in pleasant surroundings with more than ample leisure time to pursue their own projects and activities, then a wide sharing of the social surplus is required. Otherwise, you could live in a society where people work long and hard to survive on the market, without the time or opportunity for education and leisure, and be bossed about for most of their waking hours to enrich the wealthy few so that they can live a life of leisure (which, in turn, will inspire you to be work harder in spite of the fact that such high inequality produces low social mobility). The first society, according to some, would be one of self-sacrificing altruism and “collectivism” while the latter is, apparently, one based on “individualism” and self-interest...

[menssexhealthmatters]

Benefits of Zinc for Men's Sexual Health

Zinc, a trace mineral essential for various bodily functions, plays a crucial role in maintaining optimal health. For men, zinc is particularly important for reproductive health and sexual function.

Adequate zinc intake is necessary for the production of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, and for the development and maintenance of healthy sperm.

The Role of Zinc in Testosterone Production

Testosterone is essential for male sexual development, libido, and fertility. Zinc is involved in the synthesis of testosterone in the testes.

Studies have shown that men with low zinc levels may have lower testosterone levels and experience sexual dysfunction.

Zinc and Sperm Health

Zinc is also vital for the development and function of sperm. Adequate zinc intake is necessary for the production of healthy sperm, including normal sperm count, motility, and morphology.

Zinc deficiency has been associated with decreased sperm quality and fertility problems in men.

Benefits of Zinc for Male Sexual Health

Here are few benefits of zinc for men's sexual health

Improved Testosterone Levels: Adequate zinc intake can help maintain healthy testosterone levels, which is essential for male sexual function.

Enhanced Libido: Testosterone plays a significant role in libido or sex drive. By supporting testosterone production, zinc can help improve libido in men.

Increased Sperm Quality: Zinc is crucial for the development of healthy sperm. Adequate zinc intake can help improve sperm count, motility, and morphology.

Reduced Risk of Infertility: Zinc deficiency has been linked to infertility in men. By ensuring adequate zinc intake, men can reduce their risk of infertility.

Improved Erectile Function: While more research is needed, some studies suggest that zinc supplementation may help improve erectile function in men with erectile dysfunction.

Zinc-Rich Foods

To ensure adequate zinc intake, it's important to include zinc-rich foods in your diet. Some excellent sources of zinc include:

Oysters: Oysters are the richest dietary source of zinc.

Meat: Red meat, poultry, and seafood are good sources of zinc.

Legumes: Beans, lentils, and chickpeas are plant-based sources of zinc.

Nuts and Seeds: Pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds, and cashews are good sources of zinc.

Whole Grains: Whole grains, such as brown rice and quinoa, contain zinc.

Zinc Supplements

In addition to dietary sources, zinc supplements are available. However, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional before taking zinc supplements, as excessive zinc intake can be harmful.

Factors Affecting Zinc Absorption

Several factors can affect zinc absorption from food. These include:

Phytates: Phytates, found in grains and legumes, can reduce zinc absorption. Soaking grains and legumes before cooking can help reduce phytate content.

Other Minerals: Excessive intake of other minerals, such as iron and copper, can interfere with zinc absorption.

Age: Zinc absorption may decrease with age.

Final Thoughts

Zinc is a vital nutrient for male sexual health. Adequate zinc intake is essential for the production of testosterone, the development of healthy sperm, and overall reproductive function.

By incorporating zinc-rich foods into your diet and considering supplementation as needed, you can support your male sexual health and well-being.

[prachicmi]

Valves Market is Estimated to Witness High Growth

Valves Market is Estimated to Witness High Growth Owing to Rising Constructional and Infrastructure Development Activities The valves market comprises products such as gate valves, globe valves, check valves, butterfly valves, ball valves and pressure regulating valves which are used to control the flow, pressure and direction of fluids. Valves are extensively used in power plants, refineries, oil & gas, water & wastewater and construction activities. These products play a key role in fluid transportation and management which makes them an integral component across various industrial sectors. Rising infrastructure development projects across both developed and developing nations are augmenting the demand for valves. Moreover, growing pipeline networks for oil & gas transportation is also favoring market growth. The Global valves market is estimated to be valued at US$ 83 Mn in 2024 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 3.5% over the forecast period 2024 To 2031. Key Takeaways Key players operating in the valves market are Tyson Foods, Inc., JBS S.A., Pilgrim's Pride Corporation, Wens Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., BRF S.A., Perdue Farms, Sanderson Farms, Baiada Poultry, Bates Turkey Farm, and Amrit Group. The major players are focusing on capacity expansion plans and mergers & acquisitions to gain market share. Rising population and changing diets are expected to fuel the growth of the poultry sector which presents significant opportunities for valve manufacturers. With the growing poultry industry, demand for processing equipment including valves is also projected to rise substantially over the forecast period. The global valves market is estimated to witness growth across key regions such as North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. This can be attributed to surging investments in oil & gas, water & wastewater infrastructure, and industrial development projects worldwide. Emerging economies with high urbanization rates like China and India also offer lucrative prospects for market expansion. Market Drivers The key driver behind the Valves Market Demand is the increasing constructional and infrastructure development activities worldwide. There is huge government focus as well as private investments toward projects such as roadways, railways, metro stations, power generation, water supply, etc. which involves extensive use of valves in various process applications. Further, the rising need for energy and growing focus on rural electrification has boosted investments in power transmission and distribution sector augmenting valves demand.

PEST Analysis

Political: The valves market is regulated by laws pertaining to safety, environmental protection and quality standards. New regulations regarding emissions could impact demand patterns. Economic: Changes in the global and regional economic conditions directly impact spending on industries like oil & gas, energy & power, and water & wastewater management which influences Valves demand. Social: Growing population and urbanization is increasing requirements for water, energy and other infrastructure development which boost the usage of valves. Technological: Advancements in materials and designs of valves are improving efficiency, lowering costs and enabling usage in newer applications. Digitalization is also aiding remote monitoring of industrial valves. The regions concentrating maximum valves market share in terms of Valves Market Size and Trends include North America, Europe and Asia Pacific. North America accounts for a major portion owing to strong presence of end-use industries like oil & gas and significant infrastructure spending. Europe and Asia Pacific are also sizable markets led by Germany, China, India respectively. The fastest growing regional market for valves is expected to be Asia Pacific led by increasing investments in water & wastewater management, power projects and industrial activities in China and India. Rising standards of living and initiatives to improve urban infrastructure will further drive the demand across developing nations in the region.

Get more insights Valves Market

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Ravina Pandya, Content Writer, has a strong foothold in the market research industry. She specializes in writing well-researched articles from different industries, including food and beverages, information and technology, healthcare, chemical and materials, etc. (https://www.linkedin.com/in/ravina-pandya-1a3984191)

[farmerstrend]

Understanding Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) in Broiler Production

Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) is a critical metric in broiler production, measuring the efficiency with which feed is converted into body weight gain. A lower FCR indicates better feed efficiency, as less feed is required to produce a unit of weight gain. Understanding, calculating, and optimizing FCR are essential for maximizing profitability and sustainability in broiler production. How FCR is…

[kris-tong]

Exploring the future of organic fertilizer makers: the key to sustainable agriculture

Organic fertilizers are becoming increasingly important in modern agriculture. As an environmentally friendly and sustainable solution, organic fertilizers not only improve soil fertility, but also reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, which is important for environmental protection. Today, we will take an in-depth look at the innovative technology of the Organic Fertilizer Maker to see how it contributes to sustainable agriculture and, in particular, the contribution of the LANE Group in this field.

What is an organic fertilizer maker? An organic fertilizer maker is a machine designed to convert various organic wastes into organic fertilizers. These wastes include livestock and poultry manure, straw, garden waste, etc. Through a series of treatment processes, these wastes are converted into nutrient-rich organic fertilizers for crops.

Working Principle of Organic Fertilizer Making Machine The working principle of organic fertilizer manufacturing machine mainly includes the following steps:

Raw material collection: various organic wastes are collected. Crushing treatment: Crush the large pieces of waste into small particles through the crusher for subsequent processing. Fermentation treatment: the crushed waste is piled up and fermented to decompose it into organic fertilizer through the action of microorganisms. Drying and granulation: The fermented organic fertilizer is dried and then made into granules by a granulator for easy storage and use. LANE Group's organic fertilizer production line

LANE Group is a leader in the field of organic fertilizer manufacturing machines, and its production lines have significant advantages in terms of technology and efficiency. Below are some of the key features of LANE Group's lines:

High-performance equipment: LANE Group's organic fertilizer manufacturing machines are equipped with the latest technology to ensure high production capacity and stable operational performance. Fully automated operation: The production line is equipped with a fully automated control system, which automates the entire production process from raw material handling to the final product, greatly reducing labor costs. Environmentally friendly design: LANE Group focuses on environmental protection, and each piece of equipment has been strictly designed for environmental protection to ensure that the impact on the environment is minimized during the production process. Customized service: According to the specific needs of customers, LANE Group can provide customized production line design and solutions to meet the needs of different scales and types of organic fertilizer production.

Advantages of Organic Fertilizer Manufacturing Machine Environmental protection: Using organic waste to manufacture fertilizer reduces the accumulation of waste and pollution to the environment. Improve soil fertility: organic fertilizers are rich in organic matter and trace elements, which can improve soil structure and enhance the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer. Reduce costs: Compared with chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers are widely available and inexpensive. Improve crop yield and quality: long-term use of organic fertilizers can improve crop yield and quality, and enhance its resistance to pests and diseases. Development prospect of organic fertilizer manufacturing machine With the global emphasis on sustainable agriculture, the market demand for organic fertilizer manufacturing machines is increasing. More and more farmers and agribusinesses are beginning to realize the advantages of organic fertilizers and are gradually adopting organic fertilizer manufacturing machines for their production.LANE Group has become a key player in the market by virtue of its advanced technology and quality services. In addition, government policy support and subsidy measures also provide a strong guarantee for the development of organic fertilizer manufacturing machines.

Organic fertilizer manufacturing machine, as an innovative agricultural technology, is gradually changing the production method of traditional agriculture.LANE Group has made remarkable achievements in this field with its high performance, full automation, environmentally friendly design, and customized services. It not only provides farmers with an environmentally friendly and efficient fertilizer solution, but also makes an important contribution to the development of sustainable agriculture. In the future, with the continuous progress and promotion of technology, the organic fertilizer manufacturing machine will surely play an even more important role in the agricultural field.

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[pierrotdoesnteat]

NUTRITION JOURNALS: FATS

WHAT ARE FATS?

- fats can be broken down into four types; saturated, trans(-unsaturated), monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated. - saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature, and are found in animal-based foods such as beef, pork, poultry, full-fat dairy products, eggs and tropical oils, such as coconut and palm. saturated fats can cause problems with your cholesterol levels, which can increase your risk of heart disease. - naturally occurring trans fats are produced in the gut of some animals and foods made from these animals (like milk, cheese, and meat products) may contain small quantities of these fats. artificial trans fats (or trans fatty acids) are created in an industrial process that adds hydrogen to liquid vegetable oils to make them more solid. - monounsaturated fats work in two ways to improve your cholesterol. they lower your bad cholesterol levels, also called LDL cholesterol. they also help to raise your HDL good cholesterol levels. these can be found in things like avocado, canola oil, and olive oil and are considered healthy fats.

HOW DO FATS HELP WITH WEIGHT LOSS?

- healthy fats, sure. these nutrients promote satiety, making it easier to reduce your daily food intake; a 2017 study found that diets high in polyunsaturated fatty acids caused positive changes in fasting and postprandial physiological markers of satiety and hunger in as little as seven days. - high fat foods, such as avocado, tuna, salmon and olive oil, are more nutrient dense than high protein and high carb foods. That's why you feel full faster after eating peanut butter or walnuts rather than chips or cookies. If you go on a low carb diet, your body will use fat for fuel. - the fats in your food don’t automatically turn into body fat (adipose tissue). your body only stores fat if you take in more calories from protein, carbs or fats than your body needs to burn for energy.

[ketoyumyum]

Ultimate Guide to the Best Keto Diet Food List: Top Foods to Stay in Ketosis

The ketogenic diet, commonly known as the keto diet, has gained immense popularity for its potential to help with weight loss, improved energy levels, and overall health. At the core of this diet is a high-fat, low-carb approach that shifts the body into a state of ketosis. To succeed on this diet, it’s essential to know which foods are best suited for it. In this article, we'll provide you with the best keto diet food list that will help you stay on track and achieve your goals.

Think you know the keto diet? Test your knowledge with our interactive quiz! 🧠💪 Find out how much you really know. Take the quiz now.

What is the Keto Diet?

Before diving into the best keto diet food list, let’s briefly understand what the keto diet is. The keto diet involves drastically reducing your carbohydrate intake and replacing it with fat. This reduction in carbs puts your body into a metabolic state called ketosis, where fat, instead of carbohydrates, becomes the primary fuel source.

Benefits of the Keto Diet

The keto diet offers several benefits:

Weight Loss: By cutting down carbs, the body burns fat for energy.

Improved Mental Focus: The brain uses ketones, which are produced during ketosis, as a fuel source, leading to better mental clarity.

Stable Blood Sugar Levels: The keto diet can help manage blood sugar levels, which is beneficial for people with diabetes.

Best Keto Diet Food List

When following a keto diet, choosing the right foods is crucial. Here’s the best keto diet food list to help you stay in ketosis and enjoy a variety of delicious meals.

1. Healthy Fats and Oils

Healthy fats are the cornerstone of the keto diet. Here are some of the best sources:

Avocado Oil: Great for cooking due to its high smoke point.

Olive Oil: Perfect for salads and low-heat cooking.

Coconut Oil: Rich in medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) that support ketosis.

Butter and Ghee: Ideal for cooking and adding flavor to dishes.

Nuts and Seeds: Almonds, chia seeds, and flaxseeds are excellent sources of healthy fats.

2. Low-Carb Vegetables

Vegetables are an essential part of the best keto diet food list as they provide fiber, vitamins, and minerals with minimal carbs:

Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale, and arugula are low in carbs and high in nutrients.

Cruciferous Vegetables: Broccoli, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts are great for keto-friendly dishes.

Zucchini: A versatile vegetable that can be used in place of pasta or as a side dish.

Bell Peppers: Low in carbs and rich in vitamins, making them a tasty addition to any meal.

Mushrooms: Low in carbs and add a meaty texture to dishes.

3. Protein Sources

While the keto diet is high in fat, it also includes moderate amounts of protein. Here are some top protein options:

Fatty Fish: Salmon, mackerel, and sardines are rich in omega-3 fatty acids and perfect for the keto diet.

Meat: Grass-fed beef, pork, and lamb provide essential nutrients and are keto-friendly.

Poultry: Chicken thighs and turkey are great for adding variety to your meals.

Eggs: A versatile protein source that can be used in various keto recipes.

Cheese: Hard cheeses like cheddar and parmesan are low in carbs and high in fat.

Think you know the keto diet? Test your knowledge with our interactive quiz! 🧠💪 Find out how much you really know. Take the quiz now.

4. Dairy Products

Dairy products are another key component of the best keto diet food list, providing both fat and protein:

Heavy Cream: Use it in coffee or keto-friendly desserts.

Full-Fat Yogurt: Choose unsweetened versions to avoid extra carbs.

Cream Cheese: A delicious addition to snacks and meals.

Sour Cream: Perfect for adding richness to your dishes.

Butter: A staple in keto cooking, ideal for sautéing and baking.

5. Nuts and Seeds

Nuts and seeds are excellent snacks that are high in healthy fats and low in carbs:

Almonds: A great source of vitamin E and magnesium.

Walnuts: Rich in omega-3 fatty acids, perfect for keto.

Chia Seeds: High in fiber and can be used in puddings and smoothies.

Flaxseeds: Excellent for adding to keto-friendly bread and baked goods.

Pumpkin Seeds: A crunchy snack with healthy fats and protein.

6. Berries

While most fruits are high in sugar and carbs, some berries can fit into a keto diet:

Strawberries: Low in carbs and can be enjoyed in moderation.

Raspberries: High in fiber and low in sugar.

Blackberries: Another low-carb berry option for keto dieters.

Blueberries: Best consumed in small quantities due to their higher carb content.

7. Beverages

Staying hydrated is crucial, and there are several keto-friendly drink options:

Water: The best choice for staying hydrated.

Herbal Teas: Unsweetened teas like green tea or chamomile are keto-friendly.

Coffee: Black coffee or with added heavy cream is ideal for the keto diet.

Bone Broth: Provides electrolytes and is perfect for those on a keto diet.

Sparkling Water: Choose unsweetened versions for a refreshing drink.

8. Snacks

The keto diet doesn’t mean you have to give up snacking. Here are some keto-friendly snacks:

Pork Rinds: A crunchy, low-carb snack.

Cheese Crisps: Made from baked cheese, these are a perfect keto snack.

Hard-Boiled Eggs: Simple and nutritious.

Olives: High in healthy fats and low in carbs.

Keto Bars: Low-carb bars specifically made for keto dieters.

Tips for Following the Best Keto Diet Food List

To make the most out of the best keto diet food list, here are some tips:

Meal Prep: Plan and prepare your meals in advance to stay on track.

Read Labels: Always check for hidden carbs and sugars in packaged foods.

Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to support your body during ketosis.

Monitor Macros: Keep track of your fat, protein, and carb intake to ensure you stay within your keto goals.

Think you know the keto diet? Test your knowledge with our interactive quiz! 🧠💪 Find out how much you really know. Take the quiz now.

Conclusion

The best keto diet food list is packed with delicious and nutritious options that will help you succeed on your keto journey. By focusing on healthy fats, low-carb vegetables, quality proteins, and keto-friendly snacks, you can enjoy a variety of meals while staying in ketosis. Remember to plan your meals, stay hydrated, and always read labels to ensure you're sticking to your keto goals.

The ketogenic diet is not just a fad; it's a lifestyle change that can offer numerous health benefits. With the right foods, you can achieve your desired results and maintain them over time.

[digitalsamay]

Realistic Weight Gain Goals: What to Expect in a Month

Introduction

Setting reasonable goals for weight gain is essential to maintaining a healthy and long-lasting strategy. While it’s normal to want to see results right away, it’s important to know how much weight you may actually acquire in a month. This article will address this subject in simple terms and give you a clear grasp of what to anticipate as you embark on your weight-gain journey.

The factor at play

Before delving into the numbers, it’s critical to understand that gaining weight can be influenced by a number of variables, including genetics, metabolism, level of activity, and food. These elements influence how your body adjusts to changes and how quickly you put on weight.

1. Gradual and sustainable approach

It’s not only healthier but also more enduring to aim for a moderate weight increase . An unhealthful rise in body fat and related health problems might result from rapid weight gain. Aim for a gradual, moderate rate of weight gain, as this is often advised.

2. Caloric surplus

You must eat more calories each day than your body expels in order to gain weight. A healthy weight gain of approximately 0.5 to 1 pound per week is possible with a caloric surplus of between 250 and 500 extra calories per day. This can result in anywhere between 2 and 4 pounds of weight gain over the course of a month.

3. Muscle vs. fat

The difference between gaining muscle and increasing fat must be made. Proper strength exercise and enough protein intake are both necessary for muscular growth. Your physique and general health can benefit from gaining muscle. However, acquiring too much fat too rapidly can have negative health effects.

4. Hydration and water weight

Your daily weight readings on the scale can fluctuate depending on your water weight. Temporary weight increases that don’t always correspond to true fat gain might be caused by things like dehydration, sodium intake, and hormone shifts.

5. Individual differences

Everybody’s body reacts differently, so keep that in mind. Due to a variety of reasons, some people may gain weight more quickly while others may progress more slowly. Focusing on your own journey is more effective than comparing your progress to others.

6. Avoid crash diets

Negative effects may result from engaging in severe dieting or binge eating in an effort to acquire weight quickly. Your body can be harmed and you may experience long-term health problems if you gain weight quickly through improper eating habits.

7. Tracking progress

Track your progress using several techniques in addition to the scale, rather than relying exclusively on it. Take measurements, keep an eye on how your clothing fits, and evaluate how you’re feeling in terms of your mood, energy level, and general health

8. Patience and consistency

On your journey to weight gain, patience is key. It takes time for sustainable improvements to produce noticeable effects. Rapid changes are not as vital as consistency in your eating and workout routines.

9. Protein-Rich Diet

Give your diet enough protein to assist muscle growth and repair. Poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, lentils, and vegan proteins like tofu and tempeh are all sources of lean protein.

Conclusion

[annefic]

Ok so

I made that devilled pheasant recipe that was reported to be Anne's favorite in the issue of Country Life she guest edited (but with chicken rather than pheasant as it's a difficult bird to find around here out of season and expensive any time of year, and I didn't want to waste "shipping it in" money on something I might not even like)

Some thoughts:

I kinda had to guess my way through this because the recipe is super vague. No oven temperatures, very little indication of how long things should be allowed to cook, and based on the video I'm pretty sure the British are working with rather different definitions of "casserole" and "tender" than we are in the US

The spices the bird is boiled in smell divine by themselves, and I've saved the stock because I think it will make a great soup base. I about quintupled the garlic used because northern European recipes and especially British ones never use enough garlic. "One clove" is either a joke or like. Eating whole like a candy once it's dried or roasted amounts, not flavoring a dish to feed four amounts. I used three and also rubbed the meat in garlic powder before I did anything else with the recipe.

By the same token, I think it would materially improve the outcome if the meat were dry rubbed in all the spices (+extra garlic) and allowed to soak them in overnight before beginning the cooking process.

Included in the vagueness - it didn't say whether to keep or chuck the carrot and onions when you drain the meat. I chose to keep and I'm glad I did; the carrot in particular adds a lot to the final product

The only double cream available here comes already stiff... Not paying 15 fucking dollars for enough to have a full metric cup so I used one 6 oz jar and made up the difference with heavy whipping cream. They blended together quickly and easily.

The mango chutney-whipped cream-worcestershire mix used to dress it is... It tastes. It's very fruity and very strong. I think it would be more enjoyable if stood up against the gamey flavor of a pheasant; as it is it's very rich and rather overpowering. Definitely better evenly mixed in rather than slopped on top as the recipe asks, and I think it could stand either more heat or more time in the oven once the meat and cream are added together. (Due to the lack of a temperature in either real or fake units I assumed they meant to heat it in what Americans would call a "warm oven" - 175 to 200°F, not enough for further cooking to really occur just enough to get everything to a warm temperature.)

Overall thoughts: It's more positive than negative for me, but I don't think this is going to be the kind of dish just anyone would instantly fall in love with after the first bite. It's a very unique taste and uses fruit in a way I don't normally see it used with poultry. As I said already, I think the gamier taste of pheasant would probably help this considerably but I don't think that alone is going to make it a perennial favorite. The pheasant crumble pie in the issue Charles guest edited seems to have a more traditional flavor profile and I think that would fall more along my lines of preference - perhaps I shall make it later.

Uhhh, I don't know how to end this soooo

Bird

Frankly, it also looks more appealing mixed together. This has none of the darker more vibrant oranges showing in the picture of the finished dish on the website which is another reason I'm suspicious I didn't get the right idea of what "heat it in the oven for 10 minutes" was actually supposed to mean