#cofferdam

[xtruss]

The Largest Dam Removal Project In The US Is Completed – A Major Win For Indigenous Tribes

— By Rachel Ramirez | Sunday September 1, 2024

Construction crews removed the top of the Cofferdam that was left of Iron Gate Dam, allowing the Klamath River to run in its original path for the first time in nearly a century near Hornbrook, California, on Wednesday. Carlos Avila Gonzalez/Hearst Newspapers/San Francisco Chronicle/Getty Images

The largest dam removal project in US history is finally complete, after crews last week demolished the last of the four dams on the Klamath River. It’s a significant win for Tribal Nations on the Oregon-California Border who for decades have fought to restore the river back to its natural state.

The removal of the Four Hydroelectric Dams — Iron Gate Dam, Copco Dams 1 and 2, and JC Boyle Dam — allows the region’s iconic salmon population to swim freely along the Klamath River and its tributaries, which the species have not been able to do for over a century since the dams were built.

Mark Bransom, chief executive officer of the Klamath River Renewal Corporation, the nonprofit group created to oversee the project, said it was a “celebratory moment,” as his staff members, conservationists, government officials and tribal members gathered and cheered on the bank of the river near where the largest of the dams, Iron Gate, once stood.

Federal regulators approved the plan to raze the dams in 2022. The next year, the smallest of the four dams, Copco No. 2, was removed. Crews then began releasing water from the dams’ reservoirs at the beginning of this year, which was necessary before dismantling the last remaining dams.

The river system has been steeped in controversy: During the recent historic Western drought that dried up the Klamath Basin, an intense water war pitted local farmers against Indigenous tribes, government agencies and conservationists.

But anxiety turned to joy for the Indigenous people who have lived for centuries among the Klamath and its tributaries.

“We all came together in the moment with a feeling that ranged from pure joy to anticipation to excitement,” Bransom told CNN. “For the first time in over 100 years, the river is now back in its historical channel, and I think that was an extraordinarily profound moment for people to actually witness that — the reconnecting of a river.”

Tribal Members hug as crews took down what was left of Iron Gate Dam on the Klamath River. A coalition of tribes, local and state authorities joined to make the years-long project a reality. Carlos Avila Gonzalez/Hearst Newspapers/San Francisco Chronicle/Getty Images

The Yurok Tribe in Northern California are known as the “salmon people.” To them, the salmon are sacred species that are central to their culture, diet and ceremonies. As the story goes, the spirit that created the salmon also created humans and without the fish, they would cease to exist.

Amy Bowers-Cordalis, a member of and general counsel for the Yurok Tribe, said seeing those dams come down meant “freedom” and the start of the river’s “healing process.”

“The river for Yurok has always been our lifeblood,” Bowers-Cordalis told CNN. Unlike her tribe’s elders, she couldn’t catch as many fish growing up and would see fish carcasses rotting on the banks. “So, restoring the river enables future generations to have a shot at continuing the Yurok fishing way of life.”

Manmade dams, warm water and prolonged droughts have profoundly altered the river and the ecosystems that rely on it, including most importantly, the salmon population.

Beginning their lives in freshwater systems, like the Klamath River, then traveling out to the salty ocean and back again to their spawning grounds, the chinook and coho salmon face a mix of dangers.

In 2002, a viral outbreak due to warm temperatures and low water killed more than 34,000 fish species, primarily the chinook salmon on the Klamath River. It was a turning point for the Yurok and other tribes in the basin, who regard the salmon as culturally and spiritually significant, to push for the dams’ removal.

The largest of the four dams, the Iron Gate, Standing 173-Feet Tall and 740-Feet Wide, was the last one to be demolished, allowing the Klamath River to flow freely for the first time in over a century. Courtesy Shane Anderson. Before (Left) and After (Right)

The utility company PacifiCorps — a subsidiary of Warren Buffet’s Berkshire Hathaway Energy — built the dams in the early to mid-1900s, without tribal consent, to generate electricity for parts of the growing West. But the dams severely disrupted the lifecycle of the salmon, blocking the fish from accessing their historic spawning grounds.

Then there’s the climate crisis: Warm water and drought-fueled water shortages in the Klamath River killed salmon eggs and young fish due to low oxygen and lack of food and allowed the spread of viruses.

Julie Alexander, senior researcher at Oregon State University, said even without climate change, dam installations still alter the flow regime of rivers, which then changes the water’s temperatures since reservoirs act as thermal units that get warm in the summer.

“This tends to exacerbate pathogens and concentrates the fish so they’re more on top of each other, so you have directly transmitted parasites that can kind of jump from fish to fish,” Alexander told CNN.

Although monumental, the dam demolition project raised concerns over the years about water quality. Built-up sediments stored behind the dam for over a century, potentially containing high levels of organic material, have been released, transforming the river into muddy brown water and harming some of the wildlife in and around it.

But Bransom described it as “short term pain for long-term gain.”

As for the reason the dams were constructed in the first place — electricity — removing them won’t hurt the power supply much, experts say. Even at full capacity, all four dams produced less than 2% of PacifiCorp’s energy, according to the Klamath River Renewal Corporation.

Up next is ramping up restoration work. Bransom said they plan to put down nearly 16 billion seeds of almost 100 native species across 2,200-acres of land in the Klamath River Basin.

And after more than a century, the fish can now swim freely. Yurok’s Bowers-Cordalis said seeing the river reconnected is a form of giving their land back, which is really the “ultimate reward.”

[engineeringmarvelsexplained]

Building Underwater

Building underwater can be very challenging, however it has the ability to create some very important structures. We even have the ability to create underwater cities like Atlantis, although there isn’t much interest for something like that yet. There are several impressive underwater buildings, like the Transbay tube in San Francisco. There are three main challenges: Finding Suitable…

[mastertech8]

Cofferdam services | Master Tech Diving Services

Master Tech Diving Services offers comprehensive cofferdam services designed to facilitate safe and efficient underwater construction and repairs. Our expert team specializes in the installation and maintenance of cofferdams, providing a dry work environment for projects such as bridge repairs, dam maintenance, and marine construction. Utilizing advanced techniques and equipment, we ensure effective dewatering and structural integrity, minimizing environmental impact. With a commitment to safety and quality, Master Tech is your trusted partner for all cofferdam solutions, enabling smooth project execution in challenging aquatic conditions.

[reasonsforhope]

"For years, California was slated to undertake the world’s largest dam removal project in order to free the Klamath River to flow as it had done for thousands of years.

Now, as the project nears completion, imagery is percolating out of Klamath showing the waterway’s dramatic transformation, and they are breathtaking to behold.

Pictured: Klamath River flows freely, after Copco-2 dam was removed in California.

Incredibly, the project has been nearly completed on schedule and under budget, and recently concluded with the removal of two dams, Iron Gate and Copco 1. Small “cofferdams” which helped divert water for the main dams’ construction, still need to be removed.

The river, along which salmon and trout had migrated and bred for centuries, can flow freely between Lake Ewauna in Klamath Falls, Oregon, to the Pacific Ocean for the first time since the dams were constructed between 1903 and 1962.

“This is a monumental achievement—not just for the Klamath River but for our entire state, nation, and planet,” Governor Gavin Newsom said in a statement. “By taking down these outdated dams, we are giving salmon and other species a chance to thrive once again, while also restoring an essential lifeline for tribal communities who have long depended on the health of the river.”

“We had a really incredible moment to share with tribes as we watched the final cofferdams be broken,” Ren Brownell, Klamath River Renewal Corp. public information officer, told SFGATE. “So we’ve officially returned the river to its historic channel at all the dam sites. But the work continues.”

Pictured: Iron Gate Dam, before and after.

“The dams that have divided the basin are now gone and the river is free,” Frankie Myers, vice chairman of the Yurok Tribe, said in a tribal news release from late August. “Our sacred duty to our children, our ancestors, and for ourselves, is to take care of the river, and today’s events represent a fulfillment of that obligation.”

The Yurok Tribe has lived along the Klamath River forever, and it was they who led the decades-long campaign to dismantle the dams.

At first the water was turbid, brown, murky, and filled with dead algae—discharges from riverside sediment deposits and reservoir drainage. However, Brownell said the water quality will improve over a short time span as the river normalizes.

“I think in September, we may have some Chinook salmon and steelhead moseying upstream and checking things out for the first time in over 60 years,” said Bob Pagliuco, a marine habitat resource specialist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in July.

Pictured: JC Boyle Dam, before and after.

“Based on what I’ve seen and what I know these fish can do, I think they will start occupying these habitats immediately. There won’t be any great numbers at first, but within several generations—10 to 15 years—new populations will be established.”

Ironically, a news release from the NOAA states that the simplification of the Klamath River by way of the dams actually made it harder for salmon and steelhead to survive and adapt to climate change.

“When you simplify the habitat as we did with the dams, salmon can’t express the full range of their life-history diversity,” said NOAA Research Fisheries Biologist Tommy Williams.

“The Klamath watershed is very prone to disturbance. The environment throughout the historical range of Pacific salmon and steelhead is very dynamic. We have fires, floods, earthquakes, you name it. These fish not only deal with it well, it’s required for their survival by allowing the expression of the full range of their diversity. It challenges them. Through this, they develop this capacity to deal with environmental changes.”

-via Good News Network, October 9, 2024

[scarubaru]

There’s a character in Moby Dick named Bulkington, who is described as “full six feet in height, with noble shoulders and a chest like a cofferdam.” I think that’s lovely. Melville said “here’s my OC, Big McHugeman. He’s an elegant giant of a man, absolutely jacked, pecs you could build a lock on.” Just beautiful.

[rjzimmerman]

Remaking the Klamath River. (Sierra Club)

The story of the removal of the dams on the Klamath River and the emerging restoration of the river is good, but I know it's behind a paywall. So, I'll show you some photos from the story, which really tells the story anyway.

But this one extract sort of says it all:

The dismantling of the dams signals much more than the removal of physical fish barriers. To reconnect the river is to plug in life support, to couple past with future, to reenergize an ancient circuit. Once again, ocean energy stored in salmon flesh and bones can nourish the forests along the Klamath’s veins and capillaries. Once again, the river can transport silt and sand downstream, and trees can fall across creeks and trap those particles to create nursery pools where young fish flourish before they brave the broad river and embark on their ocean lives.

An excavator chips away at the Copco 1 Dam shortly after the drawdown of the reservoir last January.

In late August, the cofferdam at Iron Gate was breached, freeing the Klamath River for the first time in over 100 years. It took about four months for crews to remove approximately 1 million cubic yards of earth from the massive structure. The gate tower, on the left, was the last piece to be removed.

Over the past two years, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife has been collaborating with the Klamath Tribes and other tribal, state, federal, and NGO partners to release spring Chinook salmon into the upper Klamath Basin. Tracking where they go and how they fare will help inform future habitat restoration.

 Chinook salmon were discovered spawning above the former dam sites less than three weeks after the river was fully freed.

A fall Chinook salmon leaped up Puppy Falls in Indian Creek, a tributary of the Klamath River. 

Poppies and lupines bloomed in the reservoirs’ footprints in May 2024, just a few months after they were emptied. The vegetation will help prevent invasive species from colonizing the newly exposed soil. The planting will continue for several years.

The Klamath River winds freely through the reach above the former Iron Gate Dam, the shadow of the reservoir still visible.

[todaysdocument]

Lock and Dam construction. Osage River, Missouri

Record Group 77: Records of the Office of the Chief of EngineersSeries: Kansas City District: Photographs

Views of cofferdam, where new Chanoine Dam is under construction.  The photograph shows a largely wooden dam under construction in the middle of a river.

[imclimbingthestairsoforthanc]

High Tide - Erestor x Reader (Pt. 2)

Preparations for the upcoming festivities (that you are dreading more and more) begin, and a project of your own is pushed back, to your dismay. Just when everything goes horribly wrong for you, an encounter with Erestor suggests things might not be as bad as they seem.

Taglist: @batsyforyou @asianbutnotjapanese

Anadune zidan… allabik

Anadune zaran

Anadune zadan allabik.

“You were closer on the first transcription.” 

You heard Elrohir’s rich voice before you saw him sit next to you on the bench.

Anadune zaran hikallaba.

You watched with your nose scrunched and your eyebrows furrowed as Elrohir scribbled out ‘the house of Numenor felled her’ to replace it with ‘Numenor the beloved, she fell.’

“It’s gotten better,” he said, “You shouldn’t be so hard on yourself.”

“I am not,” you replied, “Your sister is. She is a surprisingly good tutor, expectant albeit. I had not known her to know the language so well.”

“Suppose she learned it from that Numenorean lover?”

You scoffed. “Suppose he speaks Adûnaic?”

Elrohir shook his head. “‘Course not. The man isn’t even Numenorean.”

“His name is Aragorn,” you said. You fought the urge to push back against Elrohir’s subtle hostility for the man that had wooed his sister, but you know it would do no good. “What are you up to, anyways? Scarce that you find your way here.” You motioned to your surroundings in the library.

“The seamstress sent me–I came to let you know that the seamstress has a dress made for you,” he said, “It’s one she thinks you’ll like for the ball.”

“I had to tell this to Elladan,” you said, “The cofferdams will have just been taken down on the thirteenth of August. I need to be at the bridge that day.”

Elrohir pressed his lips into a thin line, You didn’t miss the shift in his gaze.

You cut your eyes. “What have you done?”

“Don’t look at me like that,” said Elrohir, “I haven’t done anything. You didn’t already know?”

“Know what?”

“Father ordered that the construction of the bridge be put off until next summer.”

Your bare feet made no sound against the stone pathway in Imladris. Several residents greeted you on your way to the gardens, but out of urgency (that really wasn’t necessary, but you had become quite temperamental regarding the upcoming ball and tended to dramatize the details) you paid them no mind. The tears pooling up in your eyes spilled over as soon as you found coverage behind a hydrangea bush. 

Frustration reared its ugly head at Elladan and Elrohir, and everyone else who pestered you about marriage. You were frustrated at Elrond for overriding your wishes just to please the kings and lords of the other lands. With a twinge of curiosity of what your gown would look like (and maybe what would happen at the ball with a certain resident of Imladris, but you would never admit that), more than frustration welled up at you own father–but he wasn’t here to take his rightful blame, so you would have to settle for Elrond and his house.

You hated that they had you so worked up at this time of day–you wanted nothing more than to… practice. Putting yourself in a place that was out of your comfort zone was a bad idea when you were already so vexed. But, then again, you were out far outside of your comfort zone before, with no preparation. So, with the breathing techniques that Elrond had taught you when you first came to him in your youth, you took five deep breaths and let out all the anger and frustration that was simmering in your gut and took a step toward the water.

You were pleased with yourself when the touch of the water on your toes didn’t phase you at all, but you quickly set it aside to focus on moving deeper. Your eyes watched where you skin met the surface of the water just to make sure that you were the one moving, not the water. Slowly, you made your way out farther. When you decided you were out far enough and the water touched your knee, the farthest out you had ever been, you let out a pleased sigh.

“I didn’t expect to see you here.” you nearly jumped at the voice.

You turned to see Erestor sitting on the bench with an empty wine glass in his hand and a bottle next to him. “How long have you been sitting there?”

“Long enough to have another glass of wine,” he replied, “Elrond has run me ragged the past few days.”

“I could say the same,” you said. A scowl made its way to your face. 

Erestor turned his head, “What’s he done to you?”

“It’s just everything about this ball,” you said, “It’s quite frustrating.”

Your eyes followed him as he stood and laid his outer robe over the back of the bench. Then, with disbelief, you watched him shed his shoes and step foot in the water, soiling his trousers and shirt. Was this real? Erestor waded deeper into the water until it touched the middle of his chest. You thought you heard his voice over your disbelief and shook your head. 

“What is it about this ball that has you so worked up anyway?” said Erestor.

You watched his inky black hair float around him in the water. “I do not know.”

Your eyes drifted back up to his silvery ones that had cut themselves in your direction. You should have known–his second glass of pinot blanc may have rid him of his usual stoic and serious demeanor, but it did not veil your lies from his keen gray eyes that seemed closer than they did when he first waded out into the water.

“Everything,” you said, “Lord Elrond says it’s nothing I have to worry about–that it’s just to satisfy the people and that once it is over with I will not hear from any of these men again and I can go on about my life, but that cannot be farther from the truth. In reality, I will arrive at this ball dressed to the nines and converse with many a bachelor and I will have to pretend to enjoy their company. Then, by the end of the night, or week if I am lucky, everyone around me will be eager to know which one of them I will have chosen.”

“Chosen?”

“To marry.”

“Ahh,” said Erestor over the ripple of the water between the two of you, “Tell me again why you are so repulsed at the mention of marriage?”

“You know why.”

Erestor felt your hand press down onto his underneath the surface of the water. He did not waver. “I know what you have told me.”

“That’s that, then,” you said, “Isn’t it?”

Erestor watched as your eyes cut and shifted downwards. He knew you had told him you were repulsed at the idea of marriage, but he also knew that you were the one wading out closer to him, coming further and further out into the water with each splash and ripple.

“I think maybe it’s the same reason you were so upset with Elrond for pushing back construction of the bridge, and why you have only just now, after seventy-five years, accepted Arwen’s offer of Adunaic Tutoring.” 

You cut your eyes and squeezed his hand a little tighter than you’d meant to. “Why is that?”

“You want to be in control.”

You let out a dry laugh, “I suppose I do–as is normal, unless you find yourself indulging in strange fantasies or fetishes. But what’s that got to do with it?”

Erestor wrinkled his nose. “I think you have trouble giving up all control–or at least some of it. It’s a heavy burden, you know.”

“One that some are not meant to bear.” 

“Maybe not,” Erestor said, “But some would. And I know you wouldn’t mind sharing it, anyways.”

“I am perfectly capable of ‘carrying the burden’ on my own, thank you.” 

“I can prove it,” he said, “here and now.”

You almost laughed at the boyish smirk that the chief counselor of the house of Elrond boasted. “I’m sure you could,” you said with sarcasm laced in your voice.

“Can you touch the bottom?”

Your eyes widened and your heart quickened. Your toes curled in search of the foothold on your mother’s dresser, but it was not to be found. Just as your chin teased the surface of the water, a strong arm found purchase around your waist–where the jewelry box on the top shelf would have been.

“Erestor,” you whimpered.

“I’ve got you.” You had not remembered his voice to be so velvet like. You had never been out so far in the water that it reached above your knees, and in a matter of minutes you found yourself unable to touch the bottom. You weren’t sure when you had migrated so far out into the water–so much closer to him–but you found yourself partly relieved and partly disappointed when he took one step closer so that the balls of your feet could brush the stoney soil on the bottom of the pool. You did not let go of him still. The bottom of the pool meant two things: security and familiarity found in the solid ground under your feet, and, the closer to the shore you got, the disappointment of having Erestor’s arm removed from your waist.

Erestor’s eyes did not tear from yours as he took another step. His hold on you loosened but did not give. His voice was low and gentle. “Do you want to learn to swim?”

[unhonestlymirror]

What is this blue thing on the teeth that dentists often use, and why is it necessary?

It is called a cofferdam. This word came to us from German (the people of Galicia know what коф��р is), and in most countries, it is called rubber dam. In fact, the Germans also borrowed the name from English and changed the first letter to sound German: cofferdam→Kofferdam.

The fact is that the word "cofferdam" primarily means a waterproof structure in a reservoir, from which water is pumped out to expose the bottom for the construction of various structures. It's in line with the rubber dam's function in dentistry, so the name is super fitting.

In many private clinics of Ukraine, the ability to work with a coffer is a basic requirement for employment. And although its use has become very widespread in our country over the past 5 years, and the technology itself looks modern, it is absolutely not something new.

Cofferdam was invented by Dr. Barnum back in 1864. He wrote that the idea was born due to constant suffering in attempts to achieve the dryness of the cavity. The answer came by itself: one day, while filling a tooth in a patient who was drooling, the doctor became pissed off.

Desperate, he made a hole in a handkerchief and stuck it on his tooth. This is how the best way to isolate the working field was born. There were problems with keeping the handkerchief around the tooth. In 1882, a hole and a set of clamps were invented, which differ little from modern ones.

Why is the use of a cofferdam mandatory?

1. It prevents the instruments from being swallowed and inhaled.

2. Sterility and dryness of the working field. If saliva gets into the cavity or ducts, it's all screwed up.

3. Doctor's comfort.

4. Patient's comfort.

If Barnum lived today, he would be tearing his hair out. According to surveys, only 5.4% of Japanese doctors use rubber dams. In Germany it's 3-4%.

Japanese statistics: 50% of teeth need to be treated again due to non-use of cofferdam. Japanese doctors believe that 50% is a good success.

The most common reason (excuse): inability to install cofferdams. The author himself wrote that if it is impossible to install a cofferdam, there are two options: to make it possible or to remove the tooth.

What is more comfortable for you: when your teeth are treated with or without a rubber dam?

[haku2naomi420]

• 取締役 「とりしまりやく」 - company director, board member

• 締め切り, 締切り, 締切, 閉め切り 「しめきり」 - 1. (not 閉め切り, etc.) deadline, closing, cut-off, end 2. (not 閉め切り, etc.) cofferdam 3. (not 〆切, etc.) closed (door, window, etc.)

• 引き締め, 引締め 「ひきしめ」 - tightening

• 締める 「しめる」 - 1. (antonym: ��める・1) to tie, to fasten, to tighten 2. to wear (necktie, belt), to put on 3. to total, to sum 4. (See 緊める) to be strict with 5. to economize, to economise, to cut down on 6. to salt, to marinate, to pickle, to make sushi adding a mixture of vinegar and salt

• 締結 「ていけつ」 - 1. conclusion, execution (of a contract), entering (into treaty) 2. fastening (as in a joint)

[dbf-enthusiast]

View from a Cofferdam

[androdconstruction]

Did you know? 🤔

Concrete has been the most popular building material throughout history.

Concrete has been used for some of the most famous structures like the Roman Pantheon. In fact, the Ancient Romans created their own special concrete that we’re barely learning the ingredients to (the secret ingredients are lime, seawater, and volcanic ash!).

At the time of its creation, the Hoover Dam was the largest concrete structure ever built, using more than 3.25 cubic yards of concrete as well as impressive cofferdams. Currently, the Grand Coulee Dam is the largest, using more than 11,975,521 cubic yards of concrete (for comparison, modern housing uses an average of 66.5 cubic yards).

Today, with the recovery of the housing market, the need for concrete specialists and equipment has risen.

[whitepolaris]

Dighton Rock

Sitting in Berkley, just a few feet from its original spot, Dighton Rock holds centuries-old carvings that experts believe date from the area's earliest nonnative visitors. For three centuries, people have been studying this rock in an attempt to decipher whose hand made this ancient graffiti.

This forty-ton sandstone boulder, which was deposited in Massachusetts during the last Ice Age, lies near the shore of the Taunton River, where the brackish water rises and falls with the tide. When the water was at its highest, Dighton Rock was completely submerged. At low tide, a broad section of the rock was exposed for about four hours per day, displaying the many intricate and mysterious carvings on its face.

The land around the rock is now a state park. In 1963, the massive boulder was lifted from the water and placed eleven feet higher in a cofferdam in its same orientation-with the inscriptions facing out toward the water. Over the years, many have come to document and explore the markings, and have come up with four main theories as to their origins.

The Reverend John Danforth offered the first theory in 1680. He sketched the upper half of the inscriptions and believed the markings to be made by the Wampanoag Indians who lived in southeastern Massachusetts. Danforth wrote of the rock:

[I]t is reported from the tradition of the old Indians, that there came a wooden house (and men of another country in it) swimming up the river Assonet, that fought the Indians and slew their Sachem [chief or king of a tribe]. Some interpret the figures to be hieroglyphical. The first figure representing a ship, without a mast, and mere [mere] wrack cast upon the Shoals. The second representing a head of land, possibly a cape with a peninsula.

The main problem with Danforth's theory is that the Wampanoag typically didn't carve stone sculptures. There are very few examples in New England of Native Americans defacing rocks for the sake of inscriptions.

Other theories hold that the markings are ancient Phoenician symbols or were carved by seafaring Vikings. The most recent theory came in 1918 from Edmund Delabarre, who believed he saw the name of a Portuguese captain, Miguel Corte Real, the year 1511, and several Portuguese coats of arms etched in the stone. This theory, ties in with ancient maritime charts in Portugal, which state that Miguel Corte Real's brother, Gasper, sailed from Portugal to North America in 1501 but didn't return when he was expected. Miguel Corte Real left Portugal on May 10, 1502, in search of his brother, and he too wandered the coast of North America for nine years and left his mark on Dighton Rock as some kind of sign should his brother sail by?

Inside the Dighton Rock Museum, visitors can see many photographs that outline the symbols each theorist believe are in the rock. There are many marks, clearly made by human hands, but so worn and faded by time and weather that they could say almost anything.

These days, most scholars subscribe to the Portuguese theory, but the rock continue to be scrutinized. It's clear that this place was important to someone long ago. Whoever it was, they went through great effort to ensure that the markings they left would be seen by as many people as possible. Though some believe they have cracked the Dighton Code, the huge boulder may never give up all its secrets.

[afrotumble]

This is how bridge foundations are built in the middle of the water.

The image shows a cofferdam, a temporary structure used to construct foundations in water. Steel sheets are driven into the ground around the work area to form a barrier that keeps water out.

Next, the water inside is pumped out, leaving the area dry. With the zone cleared, excavation begins until a solid base is reached, and concrete foundations are laid to support the bridge. Once completed, the cofferdam is removed, and the water returns to surround the new bridge foundation.

Credits: Curiosidades••

[pacificmaritimegroup]

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One of the main advantages of changing into a crane operator is that after you are fully trained and certified, you will be in high demand for work. In comparison to the variety of jobs that require cranes, there arenot that many crane operators available. If you are in search of a profession where you are continually getting caught in, then crane operating could probably be the proper profession path for you.

Our harbor tugs are efficient, highly maneuverable tight-quarters specialists. The fleet is always ready for scheduled or call-out service, dedicated long-term service, project work, even work on inland land-locked bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, reservoirs, dams and other unique locations thanks to our fleet of truckable tugs. For more information, please visit our site https://www.Pacificmaritimegroup.com/

[businessindustry]

Steel Sheet Piling Market Trends | Report by Reports and Insights 2032

The Reports and Insights, a leading market research company, has recently releases report titled “Steel Sheet Piling Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2023-2031.” The study provides a detailed analysis of the industry, including the global Steel Sheet Piling Market Forecast share, size, trends, and growth. The report also includes competitor and regional analysis and highlights the latest advancements in the market.

Report Highlights:

How big is the Steel Sheet Piling Market?

The global steel sheet piling market size was US$ 2.8 Billion in 2022. Furthermore, the market is expected to register a revenue CAGR of 5.5% during the forecast period and reach a market size of US$ 4.5 Bn in 2031.

What are Steel Sheet Piling?

Steel sheet piling is a method used in construction for earth retention and excavation support. It entails driving thin, interlocking steel sheets into the ground to create a continuous wall that retains soil or water. This technique is commonly employed in constructing underground structures, preventing soil erosion along water bodies, and establishing temporary cofferdams for construction. Steel sheet piles are valued for their durability, strength, and ease of installation, making them a versatile choice for a range of civil engineering and construction projects.

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What are the growth prospects and trends in the Steel Sheet Piling industry?

The steel sheet piling market growth is driven by various factors. The global steel sheet piling market is experiencing a consistent upsurge due to ongoing infrastructure development and construction projects worldwide. These sheet piles are favored in civil engineering for their robustness, longevity, and economical nature. The market growth is propelled by urban expansion, population growth, and a growing demand for sustainable construction solutions. Moreover, advancements in manufacturing techniques are improving the quality and versatility of steel sheet piles, making them suitable for a wide range of applications such as retaining walls, flood protection, and harbor structures. Hence, all these factors contribute to steel sheet piling market growth.

What is included in market segmentation?

The report has segmented the market into the following categories:

By Product Type:

U-shaped Piles

Z-shaped Piles

Straight Web Piles

Material Type:

Hot-rolled Steel

Cold-formed Steel

Application:

Flood Protection

Shoreline Stabilization

Foundation Construction

Underground Structures

Bridge Abutments

End-Use Industry:

Construction

Energy (Renewable and Non-renewable)

Transportation

Mining

Others

Coating Type:

Corrosion-resistant Coatings

Painted Coatings

Untreated/Plain

Polymer Coatings

Segmentation By Region:

North America:

United States

Canada

Europe:

Germany

The U.K.

France

Spain

Italy

Russia

Poland

BENELUX

NORDIC

Rest of Europe

Asia Pacific:

China

Japan

India

South Korea

ASEAN

Australia & New Zealand

Rest of Asia Pacific

Latin America:

Brazil

Mexico

Argentina

Middle East & Africa:

Saudi Arabia

South Africa

United Arab Emirates

Israel

Who are the key players operating in the industry?

The report covers the major market players including:

ArcelorMittal

Nippon Steel Corporation

Thyssenkrupp AG

EVRAZ

Skyline Steel (Nucor Corporation)

Hammer & Steel

Meever & Meever Group

Gerdau

ESC Group

JFE Steel Corporation

Zekelman Industries

Emirates Steel

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