#angiospermae

[rattyexplores]

Beautiful button orchid growing on a palm tree.

17/01/24 - Dischidia nummularia

QLD:WET - Cairns

[coffeenuts]

[a-far-stranger-truth]

I just looked something up… these guys diverged before earth had FLOWERS

NEW FISH JUST DROPPED

[miniatdetective]

𝐁𝐚𝐫𝐛𝐞 𝐝𝐢 𝐛𝐨𝐬𝐜𝐨 ツ

Le 𝐁𝐚𝐫𝐛𝐞 𝐝𝐢 𝐛𝐨𝐬𝐜𝐨 (Usnea) è un genere di licheni frutticosi grigiastri-verdastri, con crescita simile a piccoli arbusti spogli ancorati su cortecce o rami di alberi.

Il genere appartiene alla famiglia delle Parmeliaceae ed ha distribuzione cosmopolita.

Le specie del genere vengono comunemente chiamate barbe di bosco e ricordano il genere Evernia; sono anche simili a quelle appartenenti al genere Alectoria. La differenza risiede nella caratteristica elasticità dei talli di Usnea, mancante invece nel genere Alectoria.

L'Usnea ricorda, inoltre, una specie di angiosperma del genere Tillandsia, tanto che quest'ultima è stata chiamata Tillandsia usneoides; come altri licheni, l'Usnea è una simbiosi tra un fungo e un'alga.

Nel genere Usnea, il simbionte fungino appartiene alla divisione degli Ascomycota, mentre il simbionte algale alla divisione delle Chlorophyta.

Come tutti i licheni con tallo frutticoso, la morfologia delle specie di Usnea è simile a quella di un piccolo arbusto ancorato alla corteccia dell'albero ospite; al contrario di altri licheni con morfologia simile, le specie di questo genere hanno una corda elastica che decorre al centro del tallo, che si può osservare tirando delicatamente un filamento del tallo.

L'Usnea si riproduce per via vegetativa (frammentazione, asessuata); attraverso i soredi, o sessuale, oppure tramite ascogoni e spermatogoni.

In natura, il tasso di crescita dei licheni è lento, seppure in condizioni di laboratorio è stato possibile velocizzare la crescita di Usnea coltivata in loco.

L'Usnea cresce spesso su alberi morenti o malati, dato che l'assenza delle foglie permette al lichene una maggiore capacità di fotosintesi; questo ha portato i giardinieri a credere che questi licheni siano la causa delle malattie che affliggono gli alberi ospite.

Le specie di Usnea sono particolarmente sensibili all'inquinamento atmoferico: in particolar modo all'anidride solforosa; in caso di cattive condizioni ambientali, possono crescere solo pochi millimetri, se riescono a sopravvivere. Dove l'aria non è inquinata, possono crescere sino a 10–20 cm.

La particolare sensibilità dell'Usnea all'inquinamento atmosferico la rende utilizzabile quale bioindicatore ambientale.

[plantifera]

Mandevilla Bahiensis - Jasmin Brasileiro

by Violeta Oliveira

[odivanvelasco]

Descobrindo Plantas Nativas

Descobrindo Plantas Nativas. Hoje, A Miconia Tococa ou Tococa Guianensis Aubl. Uma espécie frutífera que produz fruta pixirica azul. Descobrindo Plantas Nativas no Cerrado Brasileiro Olá, pessoas, aqui Odivan Velasco descobrindo plantas da floresta cerrado, fruta pixirica de cor azul, uma planta linda que você precisa conhecer e vai se encantar, eu garanto. O que sei de certo e atestado é que,…

[ecosistemaglobal]

Diferencias entre Gimnospermas y Angiospermas: ¡Descubre el Mundo de las Plantas

las gimnospermas y las angiospermas representan dos grupos distintos de plantas con características únicas. Mientras que las gimnospermas se destacan por sus semillas desnudas y su apariencia más primitiva, las angiospermas son el grupo más diverso y exitoso de plantas en el planeta. Al comprender estas diferencias, podemos apreciar mejor la increíble variedad y belleza del mundo vegetal que nos rodea.

Introducción Las plantas son seres vivos fascinantes que llenan nuestro mundo de belleza y vitalidad. Pero, ¿sabías que hay diferentes tipos de plantas? En este artículo, exploraremos las diferencias entre dos grupos principales: las gimnospermas y las angiospermas. ¡Prepárate para sumergirte en el asombroso mundo de la botánica! Angiospermas y Gimnospermas Fuente:…

[marcosalvescarvalho]

ANGIOSPERMAS

As angiospermas são um grupo de plantas que pertencem à divisão Magnoliophyta. Elas são conhecidas como plantas com flores, e são o maior grupo de plantas terrestres, com mais de 300.000 espécies descritas.

As angiospermas são caracterizadas pela presença de flores, que são estruturas reprodutivas especializadas. Elas possuem órgãos sexuais, como estames (que produzem o pólen) e carpelos (que contêm os óvulos), que permitem a reprodução sexuada. Após a fertilização, ocorre a formação do fruto, que protege e dispersa as sementes.

Além das flores, as angiospermas possuem outras características distintivas. Elas possuem raízes, caules e folhas, que desempenham funções vitais para a planta. As raízes são responsáveis pela absorção de água e nutrientes do solo, além de fornecerem suporte para a planta. Os caules suportam as folhas e as flores, além de transportarem água e nutrientes entre as diferentes partes da planta.

As folhas das angiospermas são geralmente planas e possuem uma estrutura chamada de estômato, que controla a troca de gases com o ambiente. Elas são responsáveis pela realização da fotossíntese, processo pelo qual as plantas produzem seu próprio alimento.

As angiospermas são encontradas em uma ampla variedade de habitats, desde florestas tropicais até desertos e tundras. Elas são essenciais para o equilíbrio dos ecossistemas, fornecendo alimento e abrigo para uma variedade de seres vivos, além de desempenharem um papel crucial na produção de oxigênio e na regulação do ciclo da água.

Evolucionariamente, as angiospermas surgiram há cerca de 140 milhões de anos e rapidamente se diversificaram e se espalharam pelo planeta. Atualmente, elas são fundamentais para a economia global, sendo fonte de alimentos, fibras, madeira, medicamentos e ornamentos.

Em resumo, as angiospermas são um grupo diverso de plantas com flores, que desempenham um papel vital nos ecossistemas e na vida humana. Elas são caracterizadas pela presença de flores, frutos, raízes, caules e folhas, e são essenciais para a sustentabilidade do planeta.

[alexaloraetheris]

Alright Tumblr weirdos and autistics, assemble! I have need of you!

I need to write a short seminar about some kind of plant, and I have net zero inspiration, so I'm outsourcing it. Tell me the FREAKIEST, most We-Sure-This-Isn't-an-Alien? plant you know of, (or why a relatively common plant should belong in this category), sources very much appreciated, and if it makes me go 'The Fuck Is This Shit?' that will be the theme of my seminar.

An unfortunate caveat: This is for my Applied Botany class, so the subject plant is supposed to be Angiospermae (aka, has flowers), but the prof is chill enough that I can swing it as long as it can be classified as Embryophyta (aka, land plants).

Other than that, anything goes. Help me make this man tell horror stories about me in retirement!

[thethingything]

I've been working on our taxonomy project thingy again but this time I decided to do some plants because we've been learning to identify Potentilla and Waldsteinia which are both in the rose family. I also realised I know very little about plant taxonomy and figured I might as well see what's going on with that.

I chose to just start at Eukaryota on Wikipedia and see if I could eventually navigate through all the taxonomic levels until I got to where I wanted to be and it was fun trying to find the right path without looking it up.

this was also a practical way of doing things because I had to fill out all the other taxonomic levels between Eukaryota and Rosaceae because we hadn't filled out any plants yet (except that at some point I made a page for viridiplantae? I guess?).

anyway, some examples:

at one point I got distracted filling in Gymnospermae so we can also add more stuff to those at some point:

(I included Gnetidae in Pinophyta because it was listed as being included in there cladistically but not traditionally, but it seems like the actual classification is heavily debated and I don't really have an opinion on this right now)

back to Angiospermae. I managed to guess that Rosaceae is in Eudicots and I figured it'd probably be in Pentapetalae because the flowers on the species I'm familiar with have 5 petals, and this turned out to be the case so that's handy

there are also just a lot more words here that I recognise.

Rosaceae containes 3 subfamilies but so far I've only filled in one of them, Rosoideae, which contains 6 tribes

out of those tribes, I've filled in Colurieae and Potentilleae, since Colurieae contains Waldsteinia, and Potentilleae contains Potentilla

Potentilliae also contains strawberries (Fragaria), and Rosaceae as a whole also contains apples, raspberries, blackberries, pears, plums, cherries, peaches, apricots, almonds, blackthorn, and quinces.

so this has been a fun little adventure figuring out some plant taxonomy and learning how a bunch of stuff is related (and finding out about stuff where nobody's really sure where it fits). I've probably missed stuff out or gotten something wrong somewhere in here because it was a mess to figure out some of it, but I also haven't included screenshots of every taxonomic level because there are so many and I don't think Tumblr would let me add that many images

[weirdly-specific-but-ok]

is EVERY fruit an emotional support fruit now?

Thank you for this question, anon, it is crucial to the mascot lore. Any fruit that has been used for emotional support becomes an emotional support fruit at that instance. For example, a random orange is not an emotional support orange. Give it to someone as they're crying over Season 2 and it watches them/is consumed by them, voila, it is an emotional support orange!

It is the intent behind the planning, procurement, usage and consumption that defines an emotional support fruit. For example, during the first livestream, I procured an orange planning to use it for emotional support. It was used to give me that support. But at consumption stage I ate it because I was too gay for Crowley. It is still an emotional support fruit, it doesn't need to fit all four of the criteria.

The PPUC criteria of Emotional Support Fruit classication is crucial. Another thing, by fruit I absolutely mean the strictly botanical definition of fruit as either the reproductive or vestigial reproductive developed ovary of a member of Angiospermae under the plant kingdom.

I hope I have clarified it to your satisfaction.

[rattyexplores]

Mother-of-Millions

Kalanchoe delagoensis

20/03/23 - NSW

[coffeenuts]

[bismuthbookshelf]

A Marine Biology Review Of The Original Little Mermaid (part 1?)

I would love to give this a proper explanation or some decent-sounding context, but really all I can say is: I had an idea!

Okay, well, a bit of context I can provide is that I have a playlist of narrations that I listen to whenever I'm struggling to sleep (they work with 98% effectiveness!), and one of the narrations on that playlist is of the original Little Mermaid story (link to the youtube video/audio of the narration HERE if you're interested). So I've heard the story a fair few times now, and I'm an Ocean Nerd, so I thought it would be fun to have a look at the descriptions of ocean/marine stuff in it and talk about what's accurate and what's not. And, well, I recently graduated university with a bachelor of science, with a marine biology major, so that gives me some validity, right? :P

Note that my intention is not to tear the story to shreds and call it terrible - I just like to analyse and ramble and try to educate when I can. Anyway, I'm just gonna keep going until I decide this post is long enough, and then we'll see if I make a part 2. But without further ado, let's go!

(Final note, THIS is the translation I'm referencing, as obviously the original original Little Mermaid is in Danish, not English)

Far out in the ocean, where the water is as blue as the prettiest cornflower, and as clear as crystal, it is very, very deep; so deep, indeed, that no cable could fathom it.

So you might be aware that "fathom" is both a unit of measurement used for the ocean (about 1.83 metres, or 6 feet), and also a word meaning "understand or comprehend", but actually neither of those definitions are at play here! As the Merriam-Webster page for the word says: "By the 1600s fathom had taken to the seas, with the verb being used to mean "to measure by a sounding line". So basically this sentence is saying that the water is so deep that it cannot be measured! Lacking fathom in more ways than one! ;)

Anyway how deep are we talking? Sunlight can't penetrate any further down than 1000 metres (~3,280 feet) at maximum, but really the ocean often begins to "get dimmer" once you go below 200 metres (~656 feet). However, we must also remember that the concept of depth can be kinda relative/subjective (depth is in the eye of the beholder?), and what is considered deep to a dude in 1837 might not be considered as deep to someone like me now when it comes to talking about the ocean. What we can say is that this depth has to at least be longer than the length of a ship's cable, which itself could apparently range anywhere from 169-220 metres. So let's say that the depth is around 300 metres, (~984 feet) - a good, round number, definitely can't be measured by a single cable, and still close enough to the surface that there would be at least some sunlight penetration getting down there. Moving on!

We must not imagine that there is nothing at the bottom of the sea but bare yellow sand.

Lovingly, this may in fact be the truest sentence in the whole dang story.

No, indeed; the most singular flowers and plants grow there;

And goodbye to the accuracy!

The only type of flowering plant (i.e. in the Angiospermae clade) that lives in seawater is seagrass, but 1, they aren't exactly known for their flowers (they can be quite small and not always very flower-like), and 2, the deepest water that any species can survive in (specifically Halophila decipiens) is 85 metres (279 feet) - a depth most definitely fathomable, and a bit different to the depth estimation I came up with!

the leaves and stems of which are so pliant, that the slightest agitation of the water causes them to stir as if they had life. Fishes, both large and small, glide between the branches, as birds fly among the trees here upon land.

First of all, I know Hans (yeah I'm just gonna call him Hans; it's quicker and easier) was trying to make an analogy, but when I think of fish moving around at the bottom of the seafloor or like in a reef or something, I'm imagining small fish that dart about, rather than gliding (and for that matter, most birds wouldn't be 'gliding' through a forest either - gliding is for wide open space!)

And second of all, any plants that have thin, delicate stems, are not likely to have "branches" coming off of them, aquatic or not!

(Also I swear I'm not gonna talk about every single sentence but there's just a lot to talk about in this opening paragraph).

In the deepest spot of all, stands the castle of the Sea King. Its walls are built of coral...

Dead coral? Actually, there are some species of deep-sea coral that can grow anywhere from 150 feet to 10,000 feet below sea level, but still, you can't expect any coral species to just conveniently grow into the shape of a massive castle, so I guess it'd just be used as a building material?

...and the long, gothic windows are of the clearest amber. 

"Clearest amber" definitely sounds like an oxymoron - 'amber' is also a colour term for a reason! But turns out that the concept of amber in the ocean is not as dumb as I initially thought. Amber, in case you don't know, is fossilized tree resin, and obviously there aren't any actual trees growing in the ocean (more on that later), but there is amber that came from large trees that lived many millions of years ago that got washed away by large rivers and eventually carried to the ocean, and in some parts of the world (most notably in the Baltic Sea Region), amber can (or at least could) sometimes be found washed up on the beach! (But seriously, those windows would be a translucent orange or yellow colour at best).

The roof is formed of shells, that open and close as the water flows over them. Their appearance is very beautiful, for in each lies a glittering pearl, which would be fit for the diadem of a queen.

I'm not sure whether the shells kind of act as 'hatches' that let water and oxygen move between the inside and outside of the castle (helping equalize pressure?) or whether it's just a bunch of clams/bivalves sitting on top of a roof foundation thing, because of the pearl mention which implies that they have an underside. I kinda like my first idea better, though.

on that account she wore twelve oysters on her tail;

I wanna know how exactly Hans was imagining this to work. Like would they all be stuck to the caudal peduncle area (the tail minus the fins)? Would some be on the fins? Oysters secrete a special adhesive substance to help them stick to rocks and stuff, but would that even work on a mermaid tail, and if it did, would it make it harder to swim?

the youngest was the prettiest of them all; her skin was as clear and delicate as a rose-leaf, and her eyes as blue as the deepest sea;

Idk about the skin being "delicate", but honestly a mermaid living 300 metres below sea level, where the sunlight would be somewhat reduced compared to further up in the photic zone, honestly probably would have fairly pale skin (a mermaid living in a tropical coral reef, however, might have darker skin, to be better suited to the large amount of sun exposure).

The large amber windows were open, and the fish swam in, just as the swallows fly into our houses when we open the windows, excepting that the fishes swam up to the princesses, ate out of their hands, and allowed themselves to be stroked.

The windows have hinges? Do they use the same kind of "hinges" that bivalves use?

What are they feeding the fish?

I would love to pat fish underwater though ngl.

Outside the castle there was a beautiful garden, in which grew bright red and dark blue flowers, and blossoms like flames of fire; the fruit glittered like gold, and the leaves and stems waved to and fro continually.

"Come with me, and you'll be, in a world of pure imagination!"

It feels very self-indulgent to me, but honestly I kinda feel like I gotta respect the commitment!

I guess Hans was trying to provide answers/explanations for what exactly the mermaids would eat, but honestly I feel it'd be more likely for them to be largely carnivorous, feeding on stuff like fish, crustaceans, and mussels, with maybe also some inclusions of macroalgae like kelp/seaweed in their diet as well.

The earth itself was the finest sand, but blue as the flame of burning sulphur. 

Hmm no I don't think so. But anyway we're gonna be skipping ahead just a little bit now!

She planted by the statue a rose-colored weeping willow.

I hope I don't have to make it clear to you that trees don't grow underwater, and definitely not weeping willows!

She could see the moon and stars shining faintly;

The moon? Yeah sure benefit of the doubt. But seeing the stars from that far down below? Yeah nope ain't no way

(Also, if the water really is that clear, with such high visibility, then there mustn't be many nutrients in the water, and they likely would in fact be some distance away from any coastline, and be moreso in open ocean).

...to lie in the moonlight, on a sandbank...to listen to the sounds of the music, the noise of carriages, and the voices of human beings, and then to hear the merry bells peal out from the church steeples;

Do mermaids have super-sensitive hearing or something? Ain't no way you could hear all of that from a sandbank! Like if it said that this mermaid sister was on some secluded beach near a town, then maybe, but a "sandbank" is a little area above the water level that's out beyond the shoreline! Maybe not super far out to sea, but to hear carriages, people talking, and music? The only way this would be somewhat plausible in my mind is that it was a seaside town, and the sandbank was relatively close to shore, in which case wouldn't this mermaid be at risk of getting spotted???

she swam up a broad river that emptied itself into the sea.

How wide though??? 'River' can be such a vague term, because it might mean something like a large creek, or it might mean something that's a good couple of miles/kilometres in width, if not bigger than that. But for this instance I imagine it as being more like a large creek, like one that might run through bushland after some periods of heavy rain here in Queensland.

On the banks she saw green hills covered with beautiful vines; palaces and castles peeped out from amid the proud trees of the forest;

Again I wanna know what exactly was going on inside Hans' imagination when he was visualising this. Like why are there vines on hills? How close are they to the river? How big is the forest and how many palaces and castles are clustered together in this area? (Ngl this may just be a case of "who cares about the logistics, it just sounds nice", and as a bit of a hobby writer myself, honestly Mood)

the rays of the sun were so powerful that she was obliged often to dive down under the water to cool her burning face.

Again, there are hills and forests close by to the river, yet apparently there are no shadows being cast over the water at all? (Idk maybe she was just swimming around midday). Also was she doing backstroke or was she just frequently stopping to look around at stuff?

She had seated herself upon one of the largest [icebergs], and let the wind play with her long hair,

Sitting on an iceberg??? Girl how are you not freezing? (Also, like with the first sister, how was she not spotted? Like yes all the ships were trying to steer away from the icebergs, but surely that still involves someone keeping an eye on the water to make sure that the boat is moving away from danger and not towards it? And surely a mermaid would stick out like a sore thumb?)

only that the mermaids have no tears, and therefore they suffer more.

Hans casually drops a line like this and then just moves on like it's no big deal, bruh.

Aquatic mammals such as whales do not in fact have tear glands, but they do still have special eye glands that secrete an oily substance to help clean and lubricate the eyes! (And humans are the only species (as far as I'm aware) that produce tears as an emotional response).

she placed a wreath of white lilies in her hair, and every flower leaf was half a pearl.

"Flower leaf" as in petals, or like the actual leaves? And you mean they were made of pearls, or did they have pearl halves sitting on top of them??

Then the old lady ordered eight great oysters to attach themselves to the tail of the princess to show her high rank.

She ordered the oysters to attach themselves to the princess's tail? I definitely somehow missed or forgot that from all the times I've heard this narrated.

Okay so I guess the mermaids can communicate with oysters and likely other sea life (sure why not), and I guess this low-key implies that the oysters are using their natural method of attachment, i.e. special adhesive substance which is kinda sorta like their own form of concrete.

“But they hurt me so,” said the little mermaid.

So like do they actually make it harder to swim? And how long do they stick on for? Forever? Until you tell them to get off of you? How big/small are these oysters?

Oh, how gladly she would have shaken off all this grandeur, and laid aside the heavy wreath!

I mean I guess the use of pearls in the wreath would make it heavier than a typical flower crown, but surely it still wouldn't feel that heavy underwater? With like water density and stuff?

(Though for that matter, how would any sort of crown stay on your head underwater when moving around, unless it was like fixed tight on top or something?)

.

I was originally planning to go a bit further into the story on this post, but I've done a fair bit of rambling already, and I don't want this post becoming too long, so I might go ahead and make a part 2 post (at some point, I can't say when), and depending on how this post goes, I might make a part 3 as well! Who knows!

[vollustia]

Angiospermae

A difficult name, so I imagine the locals often just call it Angio. It's also known as the moniker the flowering island, due to the fact it looks like a flower.

It has two main ecoregions, celtic forests in the south, and beech forests to the north.

[channelforty1]

Now Playing: GUMMY by Angiospermae feat. Jurre (Fanmade Remix)

Featuring prompts from @doodlebeeberry & DTIG2002 (DA)