#16th amendment

[kafirchristian]

What he says IS THE TRUTH!! But many will ignore it...

Pastor Ken Hovind was speaking documented facts. He was educating to the truth. Feds went after him, confiscated his funds, arrested him and sent him to prison...for speaking truth that was inconvenient. Couldn't have Americans waking up to the insidious moves to abolish our Constitution, our safety, our rights that we have had since the organic rise of a nation in America under God, as a Christian nation.

[citizenshipsolutions]

Part 55 - A Post "MOORE"Tem- The Supreme Court Upholds The 965 @USTransitionTax

Introduction and purpose https://twitter.com/USTransitionTax/status/1673425979497234432 The Supreme Court of the United States issued its ruling in the Moore case in June of 2024. The decision in Moore is here: https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/22-800_jg6o.pdf Moore 22-800_jg6o I would characterize the decision as a loss for the Moores, but a possibly a huge win for those who backed…

[rodgermalcolmmitchell]

The lawsuit you never heard of could upend your life

The U.S. Supreme Court has a sordid history, with only brief flashes of morality and honesty. Following a sad tradition of supporting extremism, bigotry, and personal greed. It has legalized slavery, counted blacks and women as less than human, denied the words “well-regulated militia” exist, approved civil asset forfeiture without due process, forced sterilization of the mentally feeble,…

[rabid-dog-steve-horn]

On July 16, 1990, the trial against Judas Priest began, for the event that occurred on December 23, 1985, when the young Raymond Belknap, 18, and James Vance, 20, starred in one of the bloodiest stories of the time.

Both friends spent six hours drinking, smoking weed and listening to Judas Priest's Stained Class record. After that, the young men took a shotgun and decided to commit suicide. Belknap died instantly, while Vance survived, though losing much of his face before passing in 1988. The defense of families soon found a culprit: Judas Priest and his subliminal messages that incited violence.

Victims' relatives sued CBS Records for $6.2 million in damages. Five years later, in August 1990, the trial's sentence sowed high global expectation as it would create jurisprudence, affecting other bands whose lyrics were targeted for their aggression. “It’s a very, very interesting subject, belonging to psychology. But I had no idea. I was just a fucking lead singer of a heavy metal band. We were baffled by some of the things that came out of that courtroom,” Halford added.

In their favor, the band had the result of other trials where musicians were shielded by enforcing the First Amendment to the Constitution, which guarantees free speech in the United States. Despite that, years earlier, Judge Jerry Whitched had signed a sentence in 1988 explaining that the First Amendment did not protect them from their messages.

Halford recalls all that month that they had to move to America. “We were in court from 9:00 to 17:00 hours, every day for a month. We're staying outside Reno to get away from the press. (... ) There we were wondering why are we here? We are British metal musicians and we are going to have to defend our music and our fans about the absurd, ridiculous accusations that we put those kinds of messages in our music to kill them,” the artist reported. Nearly 30 days later, on August 24, 1990 Judas Priest was acquitted of office.

In a 100-page sentence and with more than 40 witnesses consulted, Judge Whitched ruled that families could not prove the hidden subliminal messages. Today, the musician reveals: "I really wanted to go to the mothers and give them a hug, tell them 'I'm sorry for the loss of their children.' "Let's have coffee and talk about this," but he avoided doing it because there was a whole network of people behind them, "a kind of infiltration of extreme Christian groups urging them to proceed with the case."

About the trial itself, Halford claimed he and his teammates felt relieved, albeit disappointed. "(The judge) didn't say resoundingly 'what the prosecution was suggesting didn't happen', but basically said: "Look, this is still a foggy area, this band didn't put these words in the song and those words didn't create this tragedy." (... ) The whole thing of subliminal messages was left in limbo. It would be awful to think that this could happen again, but we just have to wait,” he concluded.

#judaspriest #judaspriestband #judaspriestfans #robhalford #glenntipton #kkdowning #daveholland #ianhill

[wingsofhcpe]

me about to have mud and rotten tomatoes thrown @ me by at least half of my musketeer fandom friends when I say these two have more chemistry in that one scene than Sylvie and Athos ever did:

[hotvintagepoll]

Propaganda

Judy Garland (Meet Me In St. Louis, A Star is Born, Summer Stock)— Judy is the GOAT when it comes to classic movie musicals. The voice of an angel who deserved so much better than she got. She can sing she can dance she can act she's a triple threat. Though she had a turbulent personal life (her treatment as a child star by the studio system makes me mad as hell like Louis b Mayer fight me ((she was made to believe that she was physically unattractive by the constant criticism of film executives who made her feel ugly and who manipulated her onscreen appearance by capping her teeth and using discs in her nose to change its shape and Mayer called her "my little hunchback" like imagine hearing that as a child and not having damage)) she always goddamn delivered on screen and in any performance she gave. She began in vaudeville performing with her sisters and was signed to MGM at 13. Starting out in supporting parts especially paired with mickey Rooney in a bunch of films (she's the best part tbh) she eventually transferred to the lead role. She is best known for her starring role in movie musicals like the iconic Wizard of Oz (somewhere over the rainbow still hits hard and is ranked the top film song of all time), meet me in St. Louis (Judy singing have your self a merry little Christmas brings tears to the eyes she is that powerful), the Harvey girls (she looks like a technicolor dream and sings a catchy af song about trains), Easter parade ( dancing and singing with Fred Astaire), for me and my gal, the pirate, and summer stock ( with pal Gene Kelly who she helped when he was starting out and he helped her when she was struggling). But she also does non- singing just as well like the clock ( her first movie where she sings no songs and is an underrated ww2 era romance), her Oscar nominated a star is born ( like the man that got away she put her whole soul in that and I have beef with the fact she lost to grace kelly ((whom I love but like still not even her best work)), and judgement at Nuremberg (a courtroom drama about the nazi war criminal trials). Outside of film she made concert appearances to record-breaking audiences, released 8 studio albums, and had her own Emmy-nominated tv series. She was the youngest (39) and first female recipient of the Cecil B DeMille award for lifetime achievement in the film industry. Girl was a lifelong democrat and was a financial and moral supporter of many causes including the civil rights movement (she was at the March on Washington and held a press conference to protest the 16th street Baptist church bombings). She was a friend of the Kennedy family and would call jfk weekly often ending the calls by singing the first few lines of somewhere over the rainbow (she thought of them as Gemini twins).She was a member of the committee for the first amendment which was formed in response to the HUAC investigations. Though she died far too young and tragically she remains an icon for her work and her life. As a girl who didn't feel like i was as pretty as everyone else I have always felt a connection to Judy and I just really love her.

Natalie Wood (West Side Story, The Great Race)—She went through so much shit which I know can be said for all these women but Natalie really was a star and her death often overshadows her career and life. She could make you cry, but she also had the capacity to be incredibly funny which I think is lost on people.

This is round 4 of the tournament. All other polls in this bracket can be found here. Please reblog with further support of your beloved hot sexy vintage woman.

[additional propaganda submitted under the cut.]

Natalie Wood:

Judy Garland:

Judy's voice alone qualifies her for at least top ten hottest HOT VINTAGE MOVIE WOMEN. She was a truly incredible swing singer, with a stunning voice on top of her technique. Her short dark hair looked incredible in just about any style. Have I mentioned her swagger? I can’t do it justice with words. She had swagger. She was funny as hell, and clever too. Incredibly charming and cool. I adore her.

Her eyes, her voice have bewitched me

I mean how can you beat the one and only Judy? She's beautiful, her smile is contagious, the way she sings with her whole body. You can't help but love her.

Beautiful woman, love her singing voice. And she can do everything between happy or silly and angry or heartbroken

[curiouspupsicle]

Good Omens Fan Fiction Friday (2/7/25) - Read the Footnotes, part 1

Terry Pratchett spawned a bunch of Good Omens fan fic writers who adore clever footnotes as much as he did.

Sure, there are tons of fics who use footnotes to share musical inspiration, background information, or explanations of arcane knowledge. But some also use it to offer witty asides, a different writing rhythm, and even bickering between co-authors.

I adore clever footnotes. And I've collected quite a number of faves. So this will be a two-parter to do justice to the fabulous fics with footnotes.

Let's start with a few fics by @may--hawk, a writer known for fabulous footnotes. First up is ad vitam aeternam (T) in which Aziraphale and Crowley each turn up at a 16th century monastery near where a miracle has recently taken place. The footnotes bring a lightness where the "nature of miracles, love, and forgiveness" could feel quite serious.

For a light bit of fun, check out Operation Bookworm (T), one of @may--hawk's silliest and most recent works. After Armageddon't, Crowley decides to sneak his books into Aziraphale's bookshop for "safekeeping."

I'll just quickly mention like black and hungry birds (M)--Aziraphale falls and attends hell's carnival-- and some of these days (M)--Aziraphale has to figure out how to make amends to Crowley after averting the Second Coming.

Mayhawk has over 30 fics in the Good Omens universe so you can't go wrong if you love clever footnotes as much as I do. It's one of their key traits as a fic writer.

In The Big Lack of Chill (M) by @ashfae, The Bentley is fed up with Crowley not moving his relationship with Aziraphale to the next level so she takes things into her own hands, er wheels. The footnotes in this fic are quick, sassy quips. It feels like having a saucy friend whispering in your ear.

And, also by @ashfae is Feast (E). Set during the Covid lockdowns (a horrific thing to live through but a fabulous inspiration for fiction), Aziraphale gets lonely. When Crowley wakes, Aziraphale sets out to seduce him with food--yes, really. The writer calls it smut. But the meal is both silly and sexy. And the footnotes are delicious too.

Wow, a whole fan fic rec with only two writers?

Don't worry. I'll have more splendid picks with fun footnotes in part 2.

In the meantime, check out my other favorite fics on this pinned post of weekly Good Omens fan fiction recommendations.

[robertreich]

Billionaires Don’t Want You to Know About This Supreme Court Case

A majority of Americans support a wealth tax. But, surprise, surprise, the wealthy Republican megadonors who’ve been plying Supreme Court justices with gifts and vacations do not. And if those justices don’t recuse themselves from a case I’m about to explain, it will be a grave conflict of interest and potentially block Congress from ever enacting a wealth tax.

Moore v. U.S. concerns a one-time tax charged in 2017 on profitable foreign investments regardless of whether investors cashed them in.

The plaintiffs argue that the tax is unlawful under the 16th Amendment, which gives Congress the power to tax incomes.

Right now the super wealthy can take advantage of increases in the value of their stock portfolios by using stock as collateral to borrow all the money they need instead of taking taxable income. It’s a way to have their cake and eat it too.

If the Supreme Court buys the argument that the Constitution does not give Congress the power to tax increases in the value of investments, that would make it impossible to ever pass a wealth tax.

But here’s the kicker: This case raises profound conflicts of interest on the Supreme Court.

Justices Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas both accepted luxury vacations from billionaires who stand to gain financially and are tied to conservative political groups that are responsible for appealing the case.  

No wonder Americans don’t trust the Supreme Court.

So what can you do?

First, share this video to spread the word about this little-known case.

Second, contact your representatives, and urge them to demand that justices with conflicts of interest recuse themselves.

And third, if your representative doesn’t support a wealth tax to combat inequality, replace them with somebody who does.

With so much at stake, now is not the time to sit on the sidelines.

[reality-detective]

Long Post... But Very Important 👇

HISTORY OF THE US NESARA LAW:

· NESARA was signed into law by President William Jefferson Clinton in 2000, at gunpoint because the Military forced him to sign it. He wasn't going to, and was to be announced by Alan Greenspan on Sept. 11, 2001, at 10:00am.

· This was prevented by the destruction of the World Trade Center by then President George W. Bush, Dick Cheney and others involved with this great deception. They murdered 7,000 innocent Americans that day and stole billions in Gold and Silver from Building 7.

· In early 1993, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on charges by the Farmer's Union that banks in the U.S. were fraudulently foreclosing on farm mortgages and that the U.S. Government was in collusion with these banks. The testimony and proof brought into court by a retired CIA Agent let to further evidence and proof that Farmer's Union claims were legitimate. It also led to evidence that the 16th Amendment, the Income Tax Amendment, was never properly ratified by the required number of states and therefore, declared that income taxes were unlawful.

· Almost unanimously the U.S. Supreme Court Justices ruled in favor of Farmer's Union. The Justices recognized that overwhelming evidence proved the U.S. Government and the Federal Reserve Banking System were perpetrating FRAUD in many ways upon Americans. The Justices recognized that to remedy this situation, massive reformations would be required. When rulings were made by the U.S. Supreme Court, one or more of the justices are assigned to monitor the process by which rulings are carried out.

· In this case, five of the Justices were assigned to a committee to develop steps to implement the required governmental and banking reformations. As the Justices went about developing the changes, they enlisted the help of experts in Economics, Monetary Systems, Banking, Constitutional Law and other areas. They built coalitions of support and assistance with thousands of people worldwide, working with us to bring NESARA and GESARA to fruition. These people were called the "White Knights". The term "White Knights" was borrowed from the world of big business when a vulnerable company is "rescued" from a hostile takeover.

· Because of the enormously sweeping changes the rulings by the U.S. Supreme Court required, an EXTREMELY STRICT gag order was put in place on everyone involved. The Justices also sealed all records on the case until after the reformations are all accomplished.

· To maintain secrecy, the case details for the docket number assigned to the Farmer's Union case were changed. So, doing a search for this case will fail to reflect the correct information until after the reformations are made public. At every step of the process, anyone directly involved has been required to sign an NDA to keep the process of implementing the required reformations "Secret" or face charges of Treason which are punishable by death.

· To implement the reformations, the five justices spent years negotiating how the reformations would occur in agreements called "accords" with the U.S. Government, with Federal Reserve Bank owners, the IMF, World Bank, and numerous countries including the UK and the EU.

· The reformations required the Federal Reserve Bank system to be absorbed by the U.S. Treasury and all fraudulent banking activities to be stopped, as well as remedies to Americans for past harm due to FRAUD.

· The U.S. Banking reformations will impact the entire world and therefore the IMF, World Bank and other countries involved including the UK and the Vatican City.

· Members of Congress were ordered by U.S. Supreme Court to "DENY" the existence of NESARA / GESARA or face charges of TREASON, punishable by DEATH. Some members of Congress were charged with "Obstruction" and threatened with charges of TREASON. Therefore, all members of U.S. Congress have had to pretend that NESARA has not been passed in order to comply with the Justice's GAG ORDER.

O. SAT. 3 AUGUST 2024 NESARA GESARA REFORMATIONS:

· NESARA / GESARA is the most groundbreaking reformations to sweep the world in the entire history of the world.

· All foreigners will be required to return home in order for them to receive their GESARA Payments.

NESARA DOES THE FOLLOWING: 👇

a. Zero's out all Credit Card, Mortgage and other bank and loan transaction debts.

b. Abolishes the Internal Revenue Service and the Income Tax.

c. IRS employees will be transferred to the US Treasury National Sales Tax area.

d. The Federal Reserve will be absorbed into the US Treasury.

e. Creates a 14% - 17% National Sales Tax, applied to NEW ITEMS only for government revenue. Some of it goes to states, rest to new national government.

f. Used items sold will not be taxed. Food & Medicines will not be taxed.

g. Sets up Restitution Payments for those victimized by Chattel Property Bonds. Those Aged 61 and over will receive a lump sum payment. Those Aged 41 to 60 will receive scheduled payments set time and sign work contract. Those Aged 29-40 will have to sign a Work Contract to receive their funds. Initiates a Universal Basic Income or UBI for those 16-29 years old.

h. An increase for retired Senior Citizens up to 3x current SSN amount up to $5,000.00

i. Dissolves US Inc. and returns the country to 1791 Constitution and Common Law.

J. Admiralty-Equity & Civil Laws are dissolved. Judges & Lawyers will be retrained in Constitutional Law.

k. Restores the Original 13th Amendment known as the Titles of Nobility Amendment.

l. Requires that New Presidential and Congressional Elections occur within 120 days.

m. Monitors Elections and prevents illegal election activities of everyone.

n. Creates a new US Treasury Rainbow Currency that is Asset Backed.

o. Forbids the sale of American Birth Certificates as chattel property bonds.

p. Initiates a new US Treasury Banking System in alignment with Constitutional Law.

q. Restores Personal Financial Privacy.

r. Ceases All Military Activities Worldwide.

s. Establishes World Peace.

t. Releases enormous sums of money to be used for Humanitarian Purposes.

u. Enables the release of over 6,000 patents of suppressed technologies including free energy devices, anti-gravity and medical bed technologies.

THE RODRIGUEZ TRUST REDEMPTION AND EXCHANGE FUNDING PROGRAM: 👇

· The Rodriguez Trust, based in the Philippines, is reportedly over 100 years old. It is claimed to be the single largest source of funds in the world.

· Dr. Alan Cohler is said to be the asset manager of the trust. The trust is backed by gold, some of which is said to come from King Solomon’s Temple.

· However, these claims are often associated with spiritual and metaphysical beliefs, and their validity is not universally accepted. For definitive information, legal consultation is recommended.

· The value of both the St. Germain and Rodriguez Trusts have 3083 zeros behind them.

The "New Earth" is near 🤔

[goodolddumbbanana]

You know, I vaguely felt there was some similarity between Dark Sun and Sun, but I couldn't put my finger on it. But now I think I have figured it out.

I think Dark Sun's dimension is just exactly like Sun's, but with faster timelines.

Because Dark Sun's dimension has an Eclipse, so that means, they have to separate before Eclipse being created, right?

And it seems like it's just a normal day to Dark Sun!Moon, before he got ripped apart and tortured for idk... years?

And if Dark Sun doesn't have the exact same life as Sun, he would never be sympathetic with him or think Sun one day would be snap, right?

So what if, they have the same history as Sun and Moon. Waking up, being sentient, with Moon makes Sun's life a living hell, separate....

Only, with Sun and Moon, Moon kinda stops being an asshole from time to time... (The amount of time he is being an assholes lesser than the time he is being a dear brother.)

But with Dark Sun and Dark Sun's Moon, there are some differences.

1. Moon is the one who takes the body.

We saw when Sun pulled a "dragon ball" to Eclipse. His body got broken, and his Eclipse model showed off. This Moon has exactly the same condition and model as Sun, which means, when they separated, Moon is the one who keeps the body.

I guess this Moon thinks he should be the one who is in charge (he thinks he is more superior) and his hatred for Sun still does not go off after separation.

So he may have treated Dark Sun badly, or worse, he just treated him just like when they were sharing the same body, just slightly better.

Like Moon would downgrade Dark Sun, belittle him, hit him with the whacking stick....

Because Sun at the beginning of the show, thinks that Moon hated his guts so much he didn't want to live with him, that's why he has bought a house in space.

Which means, in that time, Dark Sun still has the same mentality of these thinking, and plus with the Eclipse things, I guess he just snapped.

2. July 16th on Dark Sun's dimension

I think the July 16th in Dark Sun's dimension still happened. Because if it is not, why does Dark Sun hate Bloodmoon? He seems to despise the existence of Bloodmoon more than apathetic about him.

Which leads to the bunker. Y'all remember the big fight Sun and Moon had in the bunker, but gladly, they made amends after the big fight with Wither Storm? (Sun had been really down after that, but he decided to be a better person and forgave Moon)

There is one line I remember. "Every Sun hated their brother, they just don't know it yet."

What if in Dark Sun's dimension, there is none of it? Or Moon never wants to make amends, was too deeply in his self hated ? He never apologised to Dark Sun, which leads to Dark Sun's hatred for Moon growing more and more, day by day until till Dark Sun decides enough is enough.

Because it seems like Moon got caught off guard. Moon has tons of self defense machine bullshit, so that means, it just happened in one day when nothing happened, when Dark Sun and Moon still laugh with each other in the morning.

Moon got his downfall just exactly like Dark Sun said, because of his own ego, never believe his weak idiot brother would try and succeed in beating him down.

3. Sun and Dark Sun's nature

Sure Sun is very kind, he cares and loves his family so dearly and he always believes in second chances or something... But he is also a very realistic and pessimistic person.

When Sun decides something may be a threat to him (Dark Sun's case cuz that baby girl doesn't care about anybody) or his family, or when he has no emotion attracted to it, he immediately goes into kill mode.

(When Jack dumped Sun's cats into the trash can, he almost went to scrap Jack. He killed Eclipse v1 cuz there is no way Eclipse v1 would stop hurting his family, and when Sun went to the spirals, not only Sun destroyed Eclipse v2's computer, he also threatened to kill Solar Flares...)

What I am going to say is, Sun and All variants of Sun can be very single minded at the same time. With Dark Sun, not only did he torture Moon, he also programmed Monty or killed everyone that might cause problems for him. He just went down the killing route, and tried to win the prize who killed the most.

I think the reason why Dark Sun thinks kinda highly about Sun, not only because he sees himself in Sun, but also he knows about how Sun accidentally killed his Moon once.

The backbone Dark Sun says to Sun I think now it's just as simple as bland. Dark Sun wants Sun to hate Moon, to stop putting up with Moon. That is why he said Sun is naive, because Sun still waiting answer from the others. That's why he manipulated events to make Nexus evil, so he can open Sun's eyes, proving for Sun that every Moon is just the same assholes, no one would and will ever change that title, despite them saying again and again how many times they will be better.

4. Do you think Dark Sun is lonely?

Because Dark Sun is still Sun, he can't get rid of those illogical sentiments.

Letting Moon alive? Letting him have his own body but can't move or do anything? Not only is it in another level of petty and cruel, it also shows that despite everything, Dark Sun still can kill Moon properly.

And keeping his dimension alive despite killing or programming everyone? How he still think of it as his home? Purely sentimental.

And when he visits Lunar and Earth, these banter, these siblings moments, there is no way it is fake.

Sun is not a good actor. He may read patterns and act along these assumptions of people's thinking very well, but he is just too self aware and stiff to do it. Moon is the dramatic one. He is the one who fooled Eclipse v1 for a long time, enough time for them to found the star.

So that means there is some part of Dark Sun still enjoying it, still enjoying chatting with his siblings. Still want to have a family, have someone to rely on.

Dark Sun's Moon had begged and yelled at Sun to come back, that means there was a time when Dark Sun still showed up at that cell, looking at the broken Moon, and maybe think about what would change if Moon just being a slightly lesser asshole before wiping all these regrets off his head and enjoying His Moon's suffer.

"Maybe in a different timeline, we can be happy. But right now, it's just me and you in this hellhole alone, with I stand outside and you in the cage like you always be. Wish I could just kill you and move on. Wish our father is never right, that you are always just the violent beast. Wish I could hate you for that, and wish I could let go of you, Moon."

Sidenote: so what does it make Nexus, who refuses to acknowledge himself as Moon? Because it seems like Dark Sun still thinks of him as Moon, and already pulls his strings to make Moon kill Nexus faster.

And why Dark Sun! Moon said to not to believe everything Dark Sun said? And why does this Moon call Dark Sun "it"?

Does that mean in this Universe, it was Moon who disowned Dark Sun?

[whencyclopedia]

Native American Enslavement in Colonial America

Slavery was practiced by the Native Americans before any Europeans arrived in the region. People of one tribe could be taken by another for a variety of reasons but, whatever the reason, it was understood that the enslaved had done something – staked himself in a gamble and lost or allowed himself to be captured – to warrant such treatment.

This model changed with the arrival of the Spanish in the West Indies in 1492 and their colonization of that region, South, and Central America throughout the 16th century. Native Americans were then enslaved simply for being Native Americans. In North America, after the English arrived, Native Americans were at first enslaved as prisoners of war but, eventually, were taken and sold to plantations in the West Indies to clear the land for expansion of English colonies.

This practice continued throughout the colonial era aided and encouraged by Native American tribes themselves up through 1750 and, after the American War of Independence (1775-1783), natives were pushed into the interior as African slavery became more lucrative. Even so, the enslavement of Native Americans continued even after slavery was abolished by the 13th Amendment to the Constitution in 1865. Americans got around illegal enslavement of natives by calling it by other names and justified it in the interests of "civilizing the savages". The practice continued up through 1900, dramatically impacting Native American cultures, languages, and development.

Native American Slavery & Columbus

Native American tribes were incredibly diverse, each with their own culture, and far from the cohesive, unified civilization they are often represented as under the umbrella term "Native American" or "American Indian". Each tribe understood itself as inherently superior to others and although they would form alliances for short periods in a common cause, or for longer periods as confederacies, they frequently warred with each other for goods, in the name of tribal honor, and for captives, among other reasons.

Men, women, and children taken captive were then enslaved by the victorious tribe, sometimes for life and other times for a given number of years and, in still other cases, until they were adopted and became members of the tribe. People could also be enslaved as hostages, held to ensure compliance with a treaty, and in some tribes, people were not only enslaved for life but any children born to them were also considered slaves, thereby creating a slave class long before the arrival of Europeans.

This model changed after the arrival of Christopher Columbus (l. 1451-1506) in the West Indies in 1492 and the Portuguese in 1500. Columbus kidnapped natives he brought back to Spain as slaves on his first voyage and sent over 500 back on his second. Between 1493-1496, he implemented the encomienda system, which institutionalized Native American enslavement throughout the Spanish colonies of the New World, and, by the time the French, Dutch, and English began colonizing North America, the Transatlantic Slave Trade was already established.

Continue reading...

[coraniaid]

Does anyone know the original source of the idea that Buffy's birthday is definitely January 19th? Because -- unlike, say, Tara's birthday, which we know is October 16th because it's given on her headstone in Help -- I don't think it's actually confirmed beyond doubt in the show proper. In particular, neither of Buffy's grave markers -- neither the one in Nightmares nor the one we see in The Gift -- gives a date of birth, only a year.

(Obviously I'm ignoring the two different dates of birth shown in Buffy's Sunnydale school records in I Robot ... You Jane. Neither of these can be correct because they' make Buffy's age at least seventeen, but we know from dialogue that she's sixteen in The Harvest at the beginning of the season and still sixteen at the end of the season in Prophecy Girl. I think those two wrong dates can be explained away as Moloch already using his presence on the net to change digital records.)

Yes, we first see Buffy celebrate a birthday in Season 2's Surprise, which first aired on January 19th (the same date that Season 3's Helpless would air next year, when Buffy again celebrates a birthday), but I don't think this on its own can mean much. The events of the show aren't normally supposed to have taken place on the days the different episodes aired. (Sticking to Season 2, Halloween aired a few days before Halloween, Bewitched, Bothered & Bewildered aired days before Valentine's Day despite being mostly set after it; Season 3's Amends covers several days including Christmas Eve but aired on December 15th.) And none of Buffy's other on-screen birthdays (of which we see three, in Season 4, 5 and 6) first aired on January 19th: a couple didn't even air in January.

The closest I think we come to fixing January 19th as Buffy's canonical birthday on screen is a line in Season 4's Doomed, when Buffy describes herself as being a "Capricorn on the cusp of Aquarius". But although that does put her birthday within a few days of January 19th, I don't think it does more than that. Somebody born on January 17th or 18th could also very easily describe themselves this way, no?

As usual, google is no help here. I can find lots of breathless "did you know Buffy's birthday is on January 19th?" clickbait, but what I've not been able to find is something along the lines of "This was confirmed by Joss Whedon on [date] at [event]" or "This was revealed in the official Sunnydale High Yearbook" or anything like that. Generally I wouldn't treat a source like that as being completely canonical -- though I might for something small like this -- but it would be a lot more compelling than "everyone on the internet keeps repeating it, so it must be true".

[wherelibertydwells]

Every generation is defined by the one that came before it. But a lot of blame can be placed on the 16th and 17th amendments and the Federal Reserve Act. All three happened in 1913 and gave the feds massive amounts of new money and power.

So, thanks Woodrow.

[darkmaga-returns]

The roar you hear is the sound of the pumps that President Trump is using to drain the Swamp. The horrific disturbance echoing through Washington is the wailing of Democrats coming to the aid of the administrative state. Politicians in both parties, the uniparty, participated or stood by passively while vast sums of money were spent to develop and maintain the inefficient, bloated, regulation regurgitating, red-tape dispensing monolith we know as the bureaucracy.

During the election campaign, President Trump committed to reining in wasteful federal spending, cut costly and burdensome regulation, restore law and order, stop woke and weaponized government, and take a common sense approach to government. The only way he can fulfill his commitment is to reform the administrative state. Democrats will fight tooth and nail to save the bureaucracy. They have used the agencies and bureaus of the executive branch to pursue their agenda, dispense propaganda, and harass their opponents.

The FBI and other federal bureaus and agencies colluded with the Democrat Party to take down Trump. Hundreds of millions of dollars have been spent by the administrative state and Democrats to defeat, impeach, and imprison President Trump. Government agencies also undermine the security and interests of the American people.

Progressives of the early 20th century gave birth to government bureaucracy as we know it today. They passed the 16th amendment, imposing an income tax on the American people in 1913. Government spending rose from $715 million in 1913 to $5.1 billion in 1921. Expansive government has been pushed on Americans with catchy branding like the New Deal, Great Society, and Green New Deal. In 1900 there were six government agencies. Today there are fifteen.

[katblu42]

I've been working on a little project since the middle of September. My first attempt at crocheting a creature. Also my first experience using fluffy yarn.

Here's how it started back on 16th September.

Ugh, Magic Rings. They seem to be way harder with fluffy yarn. But that's okay, this pattern only requires 8 Magic Rings before I'm finished!!

Anyway. Attempt one of the head seemed to be getting a bit . . . weird. And way bigger than I thought it should be.

So, I ended up frogging the whole weekend's worth of work and starting again, this time with a running stitch marker to help me keep track better (because it's really hard to count rows, let alone individual stitches with a fluffy yarn!!).

Attempt 2 of the head was completed around 8th October, and I did amend the pattern a little to keep the shape how I liked it.

Since I was really only able to work on him on days I wasn't working, I didn't get the body done until 22nd October.

I probably need more practice sewing the pieces together - he kind of ended up slightly wonky. But I think it gives him character!

(Yes, my house is a mess - sorry!)

The weekend of the 28th and 29th October saw him get his arms.

Then on the 2nd November I finished his legs.

I left his ears until last because I was afraid I might run out of the brown yarn . . . which I did, so I got a bit creative, and I kind of like the way they turned out.

The ears were completed yesterday, along with the finishing touch - his scarf.

So, as of yesterday I have a completed teddy bear.

Meat Mr Pinkerton.

[hotvintagepoll]

Propaganda

Machiko Kyō (Rashomon, Floating Weeds, Older Brother Younger Sister)— Considered an early sex symbol in Japanese cinema. Also just an ethereal beauty who can also go feral/unhinged in a glorious way.

Judy Garland (Meet Me In St. Louis, A Star is Born, Summer Stock)— Judy is the GOAT when it comes to classic movie musicals. The voice of an angel who deserved so much better than she got. She can sing she can dance she can act she's a triple threat. Though she had a turbulent personal life (her treatment as a child star by the studio system makes me mad as hell like Louis b Mayer fight me ((she was made to believe that she was physically unattractive by the constant criticism of film executives who made her feel ugly and who manipulated her onscreen appearance by capping her teeth and using discs in her nose to change its shape and Mayer called her "my little hunchback" like imagine hearing that as a child and not having damage)) she always goddamn delivered on screen and in any performance she gave. She began in vaudeville performing with her sisters and was signed to MGM at 13. Starting out in supporting parts especially paired with mickey Rooney in a bunch of films (she's the best part tbh) she eventually transferred to the lead role. She is best known for her starring role in movie musicals like the iconic Wizard of Oz (somewhere over the rainbow still hits hard and is ranked the top film song of all time), meet me in St. Louis (Judy singing have your self a merry little Christmas brings tears to the eyes she is that powerful), the Harvey girls (she looks like a technicolor dream and sings a catchy af song about trains), Easter parade ( dancing and singing with Fred Astaire), for me and my gal, the pirate, and summer stock ( with pal Gene Kelly who she helped when he was starting out and he helped her when she was struggling). But she also does non- singing just as well like the clock ( her first movie where she sings no songs and is an underrated ww2 era romance), her Oscar nominated a star is born ( like the man that got away she put her whole soul in that and I have beef with the fact she lost to grace kelly ((whom I love but like still not even her best work)), and judgement at Nuremberg (a courtroom drama about the nazi war criminal trials). Outside of film she made concert appearances to record-breaking audiences, released 8 studio albums, and had her own Emmy-nominated tv series. She was the youngest (39) and first female recipient of the Cecil B DeMille award for lifetime achievement in the film industry. Girl was a lifelong democrat and was a financial and moral supporter of many causes including the civil rights movement (she was at the March on Washington and held a press conference to protest the 16th street Baptist church bombings). She was a friend of the Kennedy family and would call jfk weekly often ending the calls by singing the first few lines of somewhere over the rainbow (she thought of them as Gemini twins).She was a member of the committee for the first amendment which was formed in response to the HUAC investigations. Though she died far too young and tragically she remains an icon for her work and her life. As a girl who didn't feel like i was as pretty as everyone else I have always felt a connection to Judy and I just really love her.

This is round 3 of the tournament. All other polls in this bracket can be found here. Please reblog with further support of your beloved hot sexy vintage woman.

[additional propaganda submitted under the cut.]

Machiko Kyō:

Judy:

Judy's voice alone qualifies her for at least top ten hottest HOT VINTAGE MOVIE WOMEN. She was a truly incredible swing singer, with a stunning voice on top of her technique. Her short dark hair looked incredible in just about any style. Have I mentioned her swagger? I can’t do it justice with words. She had swagger. She was funny as hell, and clever too. Incredibly charming and cool. I adore her.

Her eyes, her voice have bewitched me

I mean how can you beat the one and only Judy? She's beautiful, her smile is contagious, the way she sings with her whole body. You can't help but love her.

Beautiful woman, love her singing voice. And she can do everything between happy or silly and angry or heartbroken