#the arab fund for arts and culture

[garadinervi]

Dia Batal (ضياء البطل), On Being, (powder-coated metal), 2015 [from 'Be true to yourself wherever you are…', by Mahmoud Darwish] [The Mosaic Rooms, London. © Dia Batal]

Exhibition: Dia Batal: ‘Tracing Landscapes’, The Mosaic Rooms, London, September 9-27, 2015

[fiercynn]

poetry outlets that support a free palestine

after finding out that the poetry foundation/POETRY magazine pulled a piece that discussed anti-zionism because they "don't want to pick a side" during the current genocide, i decided to put together a list of online outlets who are explicitly in solidarity with palestine where you can read (english-language) poetry, including, except where otherwise stated, by palestinian poets!

my criteria for this is not simply that they have published palestinian poets or pro-palestine statements in the past; i only chose outlets that, since october 7, 2023, have done one of the following:

published a solidarity statement against israeli occupation & genocide

signed onto the open letter for writers against the war on gaza and/or the open letter boycotting the poetry foundation

published content that is explicitly pro-palestine or anti-zionist, including poetry that explicitly deals with israeli occupation & genocide

shared posts that are pro-palestine on their social media accounts

fyi this is undoubtedly a very small sample. also some of these sites primarily feature nonfiction or short stories, but they do all publish poetry.

outlets that focus entirely on palestinian or SWANA (southwest asia and north africa) literature

we are not numbers, a palestinian youth-led project to write about palestinian lives

arab lit, a magazine for arabic literature in translation that is run by a crowd-funded collective

sumuo, an arab magazine, platform, and community (they appear to have a forthcoming palestine special print issue edited by leena aboutaleb and zaina alsous)

mizna, a platform for contemporary SWANA (southwest asian & north africa) lit, film, and art

the markaz review, a literary arts publication and cultural institution that curates content and programs on the greater middle east and communities in diaspora

online magazines who have published special issues of all palestinian writers (and all of them publish palestinian poets in their regular issues too)

fiyah literary magazine in december 2021, edited by nadia shammas and summer farah (if you have $6 usd to spare, proceeds from the e-book go to medical aid for palestinians)

strange horizons in march 2021, edited by rasha abdulhadi

the baffler in june 2021, curated by poet/translators fady joudah & lena khalaf tuffaha

the markaz review has two palestine-specific issues, on gaza and on palestinians in israel, currently free to download

literary hub featured palestinian poets in 2018 for the anniversary of the 1948 nakba

adi magazine, who have shifted their current (october 2023) issue to be all palestinian writers

outlets that generally seem to be pro-palestine/publish pro-palestine pieces and palestinian poetry

protean magazine (here's their solidarity statement)

poetry online (offering no-fee submissions to palestinian writers)

sundog lit (offering no-fee submissions to palestinian writers through december 1, 2023)

guernica magazine (here's a twitter thread of palestinian poetry they've published) guernica ended up publishing a zionist piece so fuck them too

split this rock (here's their solidarity statement)

the margins by the asian-american writers' workshop

the offing magazine

rusted radishes

voicemail poems

jewish currents

the drift magazine

asymptote

the poetry project

ctrl + v journal

the funambulist magazine

n+1 magazine (signed onto the open letter and they have many pro-palestine articles, but i'm not sure if they have published palestinian poets specifically)

hammer & hope (signed onto the letter but they are a new magazine only on their second issue and don't appear to have published any palestinian poets yet)

if you know others, please add them on!

[eretzyisrael]

by Francesca Block

A New York City public school is being accused of “Jewish erasure” after a map from one of its classrooms surfaced showing all the countries of the Middle East except Israel, which is labeled “Palestine.”

The Free Press was shown a photo of the map of the “Arab world,” hanging in the art classroom at PS 261, a public elementary school in Brooklyn. Rita Lahoud uses the classroom to give lessons to pre-K and elementary students in the “Arab Culture Arts” program, which is funded by Qatar Foundation International (QFI). QFI is the American wing of the Qatar Foundation, a nonprofit owned by the ruling family of the wealthy Arab state, which harbors leaders of the terrorist group Hamas. 

Tova Plaut, a New York City public school instructional coordinator for pre-K through fifth grade classrooms, said she found the map “concerning.”

“It’s not just that we’re experiencing Jewish hate in NYC public schools, we’re actually experiencing Jewish erasure,” Plaut said. “And here is proof of that.” 

Rita Lahoud did not respond to an email seeking comment. The principal of PS 261 deferred comment to the Department of Education.

A close-up of the “Arab World” map at PS 261. (via X)

After The Free Press emailed the Department of Education to ask if the map remains in the classroom after Hamas’s October 7 attack on Israel, a spokesperson wrote back: “Why would it not be?” 

Nathaniel Styer, the DOE spokesperson, added in his reply that “this is a map of countries that speak Arabic.”

Around two million people living in Israel are Arab, which is just over 20 percent of the country’s population. Many of them speak Arabic.

The emergence of the map comes after a Free Press investigation showed how educators in American public schools are increasingly teaching students to hate Jews. One curriculum—the Brown University Choices Program—which presents ideas of Israel being an “apartheid state” and “a military occupier” taught to one million public school students nationwide, has been distributed by QFI.

[lordzannis]

Here are 30 ways you can support Palestinians:

Donate to reputable organizations providing humanitarian aid to Palestinians, such as the Palestine Children's Relief Fund (PCRF), Muslim Hands, American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), and UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA).[1][4][5]

Advocate for change by writing to elected representatives, signing petitions, and supporting political campaigns promoting peace and justice.[1][4]

Educate yourself on the history and root causes of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.[1][4]

Support Palestinian businesses and the local economy.[1][4][5]

Attend protests, marches, rallies, and vigils to demonstrate solidarity.[1][4]

Write letters to the editor countering harmful narratives and providing context.[4]

Read and share Palestinian voices and perspectives, such as the anthology "Light in Gaza."[4]

Hold corporations accountable for complicity in human rights violations by divesting or boycotting them.[4]

Join initiatives like AFSC's "Apartheid-Free" campaign to dismantle Israeli apartheid.[4]

Make du'a (supplication) for relief and blessings in your efforts.[1]

Share information on social media to raise awareness.

Volunteer or intern with pro-Palestinian organizations.

Organize educational events, film screenings, or discussions in your community.

Support Palestinian artists, musicians, and cultural events.

Learn the Arabic language and Palestinian dialect.

Travel to Palestine as an activist or on a solidarity trip.

Boycott products made in Israeli settlements in occupied Palestinian territories.

Donate to crowdfunding campaigns supporting Palestinian families and causes.

Sponsor a Palestinian student's education.

Plant olive trees or support Palestinian farmers and agriculture.

Advocate for Palestinian refugees' right of return.

Call for ending the blockade and occupation of Gaza.

Demand corporations divest from the Israeli military-industrial complex.[2]

Support the Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement.

Amplify Palestinian voices and stories through art, writing, or filmmaking.

Pressure universities to divest from companies complicit in the occupation.

Participate in an annual Palestinian solidarity event like Al-Awda or Israeli Apartheid Week.

Support Palestinian prisoners' rights and call for their release.

Donate blood or join a humanitarian aid convoy to Gaza.

Offer skills like web design, translation, or medical expertise to Palestinian organizations.

The key is taking meaningful action through donations, advocacy, boycotts, education, and amplifying Palestinian voices to promote human rights and a just resolution.

Citations: [1] https://muslimhands.org.uk/latest/2021/06/how-to-support-palestine-and-gaza-with-charity [2] https://www.reddit.com/r/EffectiveAltruism/comments/17nbhqf/what_can_realistically_be_done_from_abroad_to/ [3] https://afsc.org/programs/us-palestine-activism-program [4] https://afsc.org/news/6-ways-you-can-support-palestinians-gaza [5] https://www.pcrf.net/information-you-should-know/how-to-help-palestine.html

i asked it :how to build keffiyeh factory ?

[gothhabiba]

For centuries, scholars’ understanding of sub-Saharan Africa derived from the written records of European colonialists, who gave the impression that sub-Saharan Africans had no native written languages of their own. In fact, says Fallou Ngom, who grew up in Senegal, people in sub-Saharan Africa have used a written system derived from Arabic to record the details of their daily lives since at least the 10th century.

That script, Ajami, is still flourishing; people throughout Africa use it to write phonetic renderings of about a dozen languages, including Swahili, Wolof, and Hausa. But because texts written in Ajami are often passed down through families where they can be lost over generations, many are inaccessible to scholars, few of whom can read the script anyway. Those who know about Ajami texts often dismiss them as mundane, with little scholarly value. Ngom, director of Boston University’s African Studies Center, disagrees. He is digitizing more than 18,000 of these indigenous texts—including those in Ajami, Arabic, and Ajami-Arabic—and making them widely available to offer scholars new insight into African history, literature, culture, medicine, and everyday life.

The BU College of Arts & Sciences professor of anthropology partnered with the West African Research Center in Dakar, Senegal, on a 15-month project funded by the British Library’s Endangered Archives Programme. Ngom gained access to the documents through an elder in the Casamance region of Senegal who helped him compile a list of locals with Ajami manuscripts. The elder made introductions and facilitated approvals for the research team.

[ID: a page of Ajami handwritten text above a large red and black geometric decoration. The text, which is written with full diacritics, looks like classical Arabic script with several extra or different letterforms and diacritics. End ID]

“It’s human knowledge,” Ngom says. “It’s everything. And it’s a grassroots tradition. They’re handwriting these materials, making copies, and sharing them in the community. In many cases, this is the only form of literacy they have. So that’s what they use to document their lives.” The texts reveal “the interests of these people, their preoccupations.”

These everyday interests and writings expand scholars’ comprehension of the region’s people beyond the history and traditions emphasized in postcolonial literature, which Ngom says gave “the false impression that only oral traditions exist in sub-Saharan Africa.” In Senegal, the official language is French, in which only half of the population is literate; French literacy is restricted to a minority educated group in urban areas. The absence of Ajami in the history of sub-Saharan Africa “makes invisible centuries-old traditions of producing knowledge.”

Lara Ehrlich, "Digitizing Ajami, a Centuries-Old African Script." The Brink. 2020.

[omniseurs-blog]

Saw a post asking about how many languages you know at least a little bit of, and the criteria for "knowing a little bit of" was 30 words and can form at least 1 sentence

I want you to keep that in mind when I write this list, more than likely it's just 30 words and 1 sentence.

1. (American) English - fluent, self explanatory.

2. German - ich kann sprecht Deutsche nicht so Ganz gut. Meine Deutsche ist arse. Ich have studien Deutsche in schule fur ein jahr. Meine family(?) macht min hasst Deutsche. Min (uncle) ist ein (racist) (who) har Nazi euros. Ich nicht studier Deutsche in fund jahren.

3. Swedish - jå, min svensk är sö inte bra, mitt svensk, därför studien Deutsche för jahren, jag (mix) vorden tillsomman och spelar vorden "deutshenized", . Jag studier därför min favorite twitch streammen, vargskelethor.

4. Japanese - こんにちは、私わオムニです。I know more Japanese than that, BUT I can't properly use it. Japanese was the very first language I ever studied, when I was 10 and got my first computer. I gave up when I was 12 and never quite picked it up again outside of occasionally learning a few words. おちんちんがだいすき。

5. Arabic

إنا من امريكا و إنا يذاكر عربي. إنا يذاكر لانها تعجبني

The one and only language I am currently studying. I've only been studying it for just about 2 weeks and I can't even tell what or how I might've spelled things wrong. Think Arabic calligraphy looks beautiful, and want to learn more about the arabic cultures without the demonization from the media

6. Russian - иди нафй, сука влат. Привет, как дела? Извините за мой русский. Я ие хорошо.

Started studying it in hopes I'd be able to go to the famous classical art school, and to help with the zlib project, but.... I'm afraid studying it gives off the wrong political impression

And then we have languages that I studied, definitely knew more than 30 words and at one point coult say a sentence, but forgot them all.

Hindi, Hebrew, Greek, Italian, and Norwegian.

So 6 languages currently, would be 11 if I didn't forget the others.

[vocaloidfactoftheday]

hiatus

(edit: current icon from this art of palestinian miku by shrekshey (used with permission).)

this blog will be going on hiatus. i don't want to interefere with the awareness of the ongoing genocide of palestine.

if you want to educate yourself on the history of zionist occupation in palestine and the lies zionists use in their propaganda, decolonizepalestine.com is a great resource. if you want to learn specifically about recent israeli propaganda, this twitter thread is a good start, it puts together evidence and explanations for the main events israel is lying about.

currently, gaza is unable to receive aid, and israel has cut off their access to food, water, electricity and fuel - the people trapped have found ways to generate electricity for themselves for purposes such as charging phones, but not enough to properly survive. meanwhile, israel continues to fabricate propaganda.

as they bomb hospitals and surrounding areas, israel fabricates propaganda to frame hamas (the current de facto leaders of gaza). recently, they had 2 people fake a conversation between "hamas operatives" discussing launching a rocket at al-ahli hospital; people who are familiar with the arabic language quickly saw through it due to the inaccurate accents, tone and syntax, not to mention the ridiculous circumstance of israel somehow having access to such a specific recording. this is just one example; israel uses this propaganda to perpetuate the image of "self-defense" against the "barbaric" palestinians, and use accusations of antisemitism to deflect any criticism (as i hope we all know, israel is NOT synonymous with judaism). the united states government helps them by spreading this propaganda and funding their military.

the best we can do now is raise awareness and have faith in palestine. gaza will not die in silence. israel will go down as an unforgivable, genocidal, terrorist state, and palestinian survivors will live to revive their home and culture. the united states govenment will either listen to the demands of the people to stop assisting in genocide, or they will go down in infamy under the weight of all their own war crimes.

i cannot say that this blog will return to posting when palestine is free. unfortunately, palestine will not be truly free for a very long time. but this is a dire emergency situation, and once there are enough signs that palestine is on its way to recovering, this blog's activity may continue as normal. but even when that happens, rest assured that i will never forget about palestine or stop advocating for them, and as followers of this blog i hope that you won't, either.

[kick-a-long]

So what is the solution then? Because I feel like a military escort going in and forcibly rebuilding things would arguably be an occupation

Although admittedly I’m not certain what the standard procedure is for helping a formerly hostile country rebuild is.

(this is going to be a long long long one because it's a problem people ignore and gloss over all the time. it drives me mad. post war humanitarian management saves lives in the short term and long term but it's been so demonized that people perfer doing nothing to attempting the right thing. long rant incoming. I apologize profusely for how long this fucker is.

skip to the red paragraphs if you want to know how many successful post war countries are rebuilt with a good source to learn more about it.

it's not just your feeling, "military escort going in and forcibly rebuilding things" is 100% an occupation. An occupation that ends (an ethical occupation of sorts) is one where the army wants to leave and wants the place to be better than when they entered it. if the IDF is in Gaza, even for the express and real purpose of rebuilding and maintaining order, they will still be there as occupation forces. ANY army that goes in to rebuild Gaza will be an occupying force. Israel can't do that and end the war at the same time. there are tons of groups and gangs in Gaza besides hamas, including civilians, who will attack them day and night to leave. There is no way anyone in the world would support the IDF occupying gaza even if they do a 100% perfect job of rebuilding it as a paradise. Not even most israeli's.

it gets even more thorny when you look at what happened to the "floating aid pier" that America tried to set up outside of Gaza that lasted all of like one day before it was shelled and destroyed. Same thing with the humanitarian crossings where Gaza militants have shelled and attacked non-stop to prevent civilians and deserters from escaping Gaza and the war. you can see how other muslim/Arab countries like Iraq, now a terrible place to live under the Taliban, faired when America tried to reestablish their gov during the 20 years of fighting. the minute they left: brain drain, huge loss of rights, and a dysfunctional government. One of the huge tragedies about both Iraq and Iran is that they have long and storied cultures and legacies of scholarship, engineering, science, literature and art. both countries have been hobbled by theocratic authoritarians and violent extremists.

there are basically no countries who know how to operate safely in that area, and even fewer who want to. Egypt is the closest to being able but they wouldn't want to touch gaza with a 10 mile long pole. Egypt has pragmatic reasons for this. it is in a balancing act between normalizing relations with the western govs (EU, USA, etc) while not pissing off the rest of the middle east, which will respond by funding terrorism in Egypt like the muslim brotherhood to destabilize their gov and turn the country into another Iraq.

worse still, any aid that goes in without an occupying force overseeing it's use (food, construction material, water pipes, anything you can think of to make Gaza livable to a 21st century standard) will get stolen by one of those gangs I mentioned and either smuggled out and sold in foreign countries or used to build weapons and war infrastructure.

1. it's the best way to get money in gaza/ fund your group's fight for control of the strip since there are very limited/tightly controled opportunities to make a living and

2. countries outside of Gaza (iran, russia, aka the countries that hate the western hegemony) will pay these groups hansomely to attack israel. they need to keep Gaza dependent and poor for this to work and to maintain it as a military position (not just against israel but also as a disruption to the EU and America.)

basically any aid group that doesn't allow post-Hamas militants near total control over their operations would be killed and attacked nonstop.

there's a lot of antisemitism and racism in continuing to fund UNRWA (you don't see nearly the same level of support given to african countries's refugees or non arab refugees from the middle east for example) but it's also a situation where if any aid is given at all it will be under the near total control and disposal of Iranian (or whoever) backed terrorist cells.

it seems increasingly clear that while Gaza civilians still HATE Israel and the population are near total antisemites they also don't want their kids becoming militants. they don't want to be in a war against a military that outmatches them 100 times over either. they don't want them and their families to live in misery for the rest of their lives to prove a point. unfortunately due to their location and history, Gazan civilians don't have much choice in the matter anymore. they have no export or import of goods with the middle east because no one wants the terrorism they bring, and israel (the only country willing to give men and woman work visas so they can earn money outside of hamas controlled avenues) isn't going to let them enter for the foreseeable decades.

Oct 7th wasn't your average terror attack. it was a slaughter. those work visa's were used to case the communist die hard peace activist kibitzes in the south so Hamas basically had a census as well as house layouts when they attacked.

another fuck up is that Gazan's aren't going to be getting refugee status anywhere that has a well set up system to deal with them any time soon. Spain recognized Gaza as a country and walked it back within a day or two because they would be required to take in gazan refugees under international laws and agreements.

So......

No one invested in ending the nearly 100 years of hostilities can go into gaza. No one invested in ending the forever war can get out. Israel (which has enough incentive to rebuild Gaza for pragmatic reasons alone let alone international reputation reasons, you know... so terrorists will stop trying to kill them every day and countries will stop boycotting them) can't be anywhere near them after the war even if they wanted to, which they certainly don't.

at this point i would assume not even Iran wants control or rebuilding in Gaza. their presumed new leader, after ol' Eli Kopter killed the last asshole, says he's more moderate. He has to deal with all the domestic unrest in Iran aka women getting kidnapped, raped, and murdered by the morality police and internal assassination threats. He has a tough job ahead. Either changing the morality police or ramping their activity up secretly, and keeping the people who already have power in Iran happy. Either way he isn't going to be making any friends by throwing cash at Gaza. lots of Iranian civilians support Israel (kinda sorta, it's complicated) and a lot of economic forces are pushing towards strenghening export and import (which is hard if you are under sanctions and if everyone thinks you are just transporting weapons. Aka storing weapons for hezbolla at the Lebanon airport. you know, Lebanon? the country where a Russian container ship filled with AMFO fertilizer was left docked for several years because of gov incompetence? the tanker that blew up most of Beirut in the most destructive explosion ever durring peace time.)

when I say I believe the situation is FUCKED, this is what I'm talking about. there is no exit strategy. there is no avoiding the famine and disease that will decimate Gaza a year from now with no soft end date. and the people it will fuck over the most? Gazans and Israelis. the whole world is at fault in my opinion for letting it get this bad through inaction and malicious intent. Israelis were the only ones trying to deescalate this and now they have absolutely no reason to think it helped in the first place. in fact all their work towards peace just made it worse.

anyway... it's just totally fucked. The news won't report on israel and gaza in three years, but it's only going to get worse.

famine and broken infrastructure kill far more civilians in the aftermath of war. occupying forces are stationed in defeated countries in part to prevent the worst of it. because if you don't you get rearming and piles of dead. positive examples are in japan and germany after WW2, south korea after the Korean war. negative examples are Germany after WW1, Cambodia killing fields, Ukraine's capture by Stalin.

if you want to know how countries in the past were successfully rebuilt start here:

the standard way to rebuild a country (read or watch interveiws with Sara Paine. She's a military historian with a focus on the humanitarian and pragmatic reasons for going to war, conducting wars, and rebuilding countries after a war has been fought. why both sides have a pragmatic reason to "play fair" and help the loser rebuild.) is very hit or miss. it basically starts when the war starts.

during the war you can't be so brutal to the population (combatants or civilians) that they really hate your guts. kind of a "fight fair" approach. you can't be too nice/condescending either or they won't respect that you won. basically they will think they have a shot to rearm and that's not good. you can't put them on "death ground" meaning you can't make losing the war equivalent to their total destruction/ slavery. you have to win totally but not rub their noses in it. no rape. no looting. no targeting women and children. no kidnapping children. no torture. no humiliation for fun or psychological warfare. no human experimentation (looking at you japan and germany.) you can try to create good relationships with the population but you have to back that up by defending the people who will work with you from reprisals.

After the war is over You first help the population establish a national identity and national pride outside of warfare. Pride and national cohesion are usually destroyed by losing a war and seeing your countrymen exploit and turn on each other as resources get thin. you never want to fight a war where you are unusually cruel during or after the war to the loser because that resentment will never go away. Germany was penalized so harshly for WW1 that it fucked their economy and national pride so bad they started WW2. Then you either rebuild institutions from the top down or the bottom up. top down is like post war japan which already had a national identity and institutions, so those just needed support. bottom up is like where you have a firmly established police force keeping the average person safe from gangs and organized crime and work from there to build the rest of the gov.

(this paragraph is mostly my own opinion. read sara paine for a more accurate take with better nuance. Bottom up is more china's thing because they like to enforce Chinese culture as well as exclusive ownership of trade/resources. China does what it does for the benefit of china, whatever and whoever is "china" is usually in flux. America likes top down (which hasn't worked since south korea) because they like keeping the original cultures and institutions intact (it's cheap and looks better to their allies) as well as semi complete trade/resource control. if they aren't in control they usually require veto power or systems in place to control who works with who. Russia does neither. they want land and any economic benefit from it is incidental. they are perfectly happy to kill a population and use the occupied area as a garbage dump. they take over places for national pride and to swing their dicks at the EU and the US. this wasn't the case for the entirety of the USSR but Putin got them right back on the historical norm of tzarist Russian dick swinging.)

The key term to rebuilding a nation is "institution building." you want to keep the institutions that work, working. you want to establish institutions that aren't there already. the order changes depending on the occupation force but the things the occupiers want (if they ever want to leave which is usually the cheaper and sustainable way) are

1. a written constitution/list of citizen's rights upheld by the new gov that is more generous to the population than the prev war time government.

2. a competent and uncorrupt police force that follows the lead of

3. an unbiased judiciary that treats citizens (even minorities) relatively equally and fairly, which follows the laws of

4. a functional law making apparatus that serves the interests of the people without fucking over any fringe group or the occupying force too bad.

5. a leader that the people support but also doesn't want to rearm and restart war efforts. this is a tricky one because they can't be a puppet of the occupiers or such an asshole that they piss off fringe groups and get assassinated when the occupiers leave.

6. favorable economic relationships to the occupying force and its' allies (favorable for the occupied country so they can generate jobs, and reliable income to pay for rebuilding the place themselves.)

A lot of rebuilding a country comes down to the population's mentality. To rebuild a country it's people need to trust that the new government has their best interests at heart. They have to believe in a future. They need to trust the currency. They need to believe that there is a road to improving their economic situation. They need to see themselves as a united people. They need to believe they can maintain their independence and culture. They need to have a desire to rebuild and actively participate if not primarily direct it. there needs to be incentives for the vital professional classes (lawyers, doctors, teachers, engineers, detectives, reporters, politicians) to stay and help shape and maintain the country.

young men need jobs that are definitely going to pay (whether that's in bonds or foreign currency so inflation/deflation of local currency doesn't screw them over.) There needs to be education and support systems for kids, orphans, widows, disabled vets, old folks. the actual market needs to be sufficient so a black market doesn't become the defacto source of goods. free food is good, creating a system where people can work to buy what they need is better. there need to be taxes collected from people who can and should pay so big money doesn't corrupt the system in it's infancy. there need to be workers, managers and bureaucrats. it's a lot of enforcement and it's a balancing act to prevent making too many enemies or the whole thing spirals into civil war and other bullshit. Some governments do this by cracking down HARD on a populace but with enough carrots to make the avoidable and predictable sticks worth putting up with. some governments foster self determination and are mainly enforcers at the direction of the new gov they support (america... which has mixed results producing some of the best and worst post war outcomes.)

but Gaza has no chance. No country wants to rebuild it. A majority of Gazan's don't want it changed and don't have the power to rebuild it into something else if they did. Palestinians have no allies that want them to change. Their national identity and economy IS war. Since the 1960s, thats for 60 years, the Palestinian identity is that of a homeless refugee population that believes the world is promised to the violent fighters who follow islamist rule. they have no non-millitary institutions to rebuild. their schools are for war, their civilian housing is for war, their hospitals are for war, their social security is for war, child birth, at least for hama's leaders, is to birth fighters or birth more wombs to produce fighters. a huge percent of, if not all, professional educated gazan workers in gaza are a part of/working with the gazan military aka hamas.

if Gaza ever did "win" and take over Israel, they would immediately go to war with themselves... or Lebanon or Egypt or Jorden because the stated goal of Hamas is effectively islamist world domination. They currently have nothing else to produce as a country. If left to it's own devices, which it will be unless some government has the moral clarity and brass balls to do it, the civilians in gaza are trapped in that national identity. The groups with the education, knowledge, guns, supplies, outside funding, and power are keeping it that way.

[starlightshadowsworld]

Hey, what is your thought about we slowly overwrite western judgement on arabs and Palestinian as Terrorist, into us saying that France is Terrorist Lover country for funding Israel, United Kingdon into Queen/Mother of Terrorist, and United States into United Terrorist? It fits them better. We have to turn their propaganda into the most degrading and embaraasing boomerang.

I want these countries to lose their attractiveness, good images, trust, and any good propaganda that they make to their name.

I appreciate that you think I'm in any way qualified to answer this.

Because I'm definitely not.

What I will say is that I am all for it.

Because the glamour and supposed prestige western countries exhibit is something we need to be critical off.

Because it's allowed them to get this far exploiting people both past and present.

They frame Arabs as violent as savage when they are the ones being slaughtered and tortured.

Whole countries and nations have been systematically uprooted and changed forever.

And those affects are still felt today.

In Palestine, Congo, Sudan, Afghanistan, Pakistan etc.

All things that were started by and than escalated by these western countries who have than reaped the benefits.

What we've learned from the way media is covering Palestine, is that the language we use is so important.

And using that language properly, well it's the least we can do.

And we should do, those like the UK and the US have blood on their hands from this and so many other conflicts worldwide.

They are able to do shit like veto a UN Security Council resolution for a ceasefire in a genocide.

Of destabilising and assassinating world leaders in countries they don't want to succeed.

And if their own laws won't hold them accountable, we should.

But while we do that, it's important we share other cultures, share narratives and stories and art and food from all other the world.

And embrace them.

White supremacist ideology can't be upheld if there's no idealised view of whiteness.

That these countries desperately cling on to.

... I dunno if I answered this right I am very much sleep deprived and have provably gone off on a tangent.

But yes I agree.

We can't forget this, what they've done and continue to do elsewhere.

We will not forget this.

And we will mock them mercilessly for it.

And I say all this as a Pakistani born and raised in the UK.

People are walking down the streets in protest shouting Rishi Sunak is a twat and a wasteman.

I am all for this.

And using their own words against them? Oh they'll hate that.

Never let them forget they are the animals here.

That they always have been.

[jordanianprincesses]

Meet Rajwa Al Saif

the Jordanian

Princess-to -be 🤍

"Teenager Rajwa at the age of 15"

She was chubby and lovely, love the Red Lipstick too !!💄

So who is Rajwa ??

Name: Rajwa Al Saif

Birth: 28 April 1994

Place of Birth:Riyadh,Saudi Arabia

Parents: Azza Al Sudairi

Khaled Al Saif

Siblings: One sister

Two brothers

[Rajwa is the youngest]

1/Studies :

She completed her secondary education in Saudi Arabia.

Then she proceeded to complete her higher education at the 'Syracuse University School Of Architecture' which is quite similar to her father's study field : Civil engineering!

•Double Artist•

Well if you consider architecture as an art, then Rajwa is two times an "Artist".

In fact, she has also earned a degree from the "Fashion Institute of Design and Merchandising".

"Rajwa at her graduation day from Syracuse University"

2/Super rich and eh, ... a very generous Daddy!!

Her father is a Saudi businessman Khaled Al Saif, CEO of the privately-owned Al Saif Group.

He founded Al Seif Engineering Contracting Company  along with a number of companies operating in other sectors.

But wait ... !

In 2016, ten architecture students from Syracuse University went on a 9 day study trip to Dubai that was totally funded by a Saudi-based firm ' El Seif Engineering Contracting Company'

Rajwa said: "What made this trip so memorable for me was seeing the students in the studio experience Arabic culture and architecture for the first time"

"Rajwa with her university friends in Dubai"

In the top right picture: she's the one wearing black shirt.

In the other two pictures: she's the one wearing blue djeans with stars.

3/Saudi Royal Links !!

Her mother Azza Al Sudairi is a first cousin twice removed of King Salman, the current king of Saudi Arabia.

"Rajwa with her cousin HRH prince Abdulaziz Al-Saud"

4/Energetic Rajwa... !!

"In the second pic Rajwa is drinking energetic drink RedBull"

Euh well, am not talking about drinking Coffee or RedBull ..

Rajwa is indeed very energetic ! 💥

She strikes me as a very lively, enthusiastic and cheerful person !

I think she's so fun to be around ..

Look at those smiles !

Here she is!!

On the left : At a car race in Texas.

On the top right : At a university event with friends.

On the bottom right: At a fashion art show in London 2015.

"Young rajwa with friends... and older Rajwa at work!!"

First pic on the top: Rajwa with highschool friends I think!

Second and Third: Working at Patterns in Los Angeles, USA.I think she's really passionate about her work !

" Guess she knows well how to have fun"

On the top left:I like her short hair and her genuine smile.

On the bottom left: I LIKE her stare!! I LIKE the black marks under her eyes 🔥

5/What the stars say about Rajwa and Hussein .......🌟

Hussein's Zodiac Sign : Cancer ♋

Rajwa's Zodiac Sign : Taurus ♉

Taurus and Cancer are so compatible that they feel like soulmates.

These two are affectionate and nurturing and share many of the same values and interests.

As a water sign, Cancer flows naturally into the earth sign Taurus, to make one of the "strongest matches" in the zodiac.

6/My opinion on Rajwa:

I don't give myself the right to talk about her since I don't know her in person but I think 'judging by the pictures I've seen of her' that:

She is an extrovert and a chill person.

She is very sociable and well liked by her friends.

She is friendly and enthusiastic.

She is a free spirit ✨ and open to try new things.

She is carefree

I like her style, her shiny sneakers at her graduation, her messy half up bun hairstyle at work , her accessories , her dark nail colors and specially the way she wears her caps "backwards" 😂

Say what you want about Rajwa, but one thing 's for sure she is not your usual Princess....xD

[msclaritea]

Caesarea, Israel - Wikipedia

The modern town is named after the nearby ancient city of Caesarea Maritima, built by Herod the Great about 25–13 BCE as a major port. It served as an administrative center of the province of Judaea (later named Syria Palaestina) in the Roman Empire, and later as the capital of the Byzantine province of Palaestina Prima. During the Muslim conquest in the 7th century, it was the last city of the Holy Land to fall to the Arabs. The city degraded to a small village after the provincial capital was moved to Ramla and had an Arab majority until Crusader conquest. Under the Crusaders it became once again a major port and a fortified city. It was diminished after the Mamluk conquest. In 1884, Herzegovinian Muslim immigrants who left Austria-Hungary were settled there by the Ottoman authorities. At the time, Caesarea was a semi-demolished archaeological site. Seferović writes that the Herzegovinian Muslims were completely assimilated into Arab culture. In 1940, kibbutz Sdot Yam was established next to the village. In February 1948, the village was taken and depopulated by a Palmach unit commanded by Yitzhak Rabin, following an earlier attack on a bus by the Lehi paramilitary group.

Rothschild Caesarea Foundation and Development Corporation

After the establishment of the State of Israel, the Rothschild family agreed to transfer most of its land holdings to the new state. A different arrangement was reached for the 35,000 dunams of land the family owned in and around modern Caesarea: after turning over the land to the state, it was leased back (for a period of 200 years) to a new charitable foundation. In his will, Edmond James de Rothschild stipulated that this foundation would further education, arts and culture, and welfare in Israel. The Caesarea Edmond Benjamin de Rothschild Foundation was formed and run based on the funds generated by the sale of Caesarea land which the Foundation is responsible for maintaining. The Foundation is owned half by the Rothschild family, and half by the State of Israel.[citation needed]

The Rothschild Caesarea Foundation established the Caesarea Edmond Benjamin de Rothschild Development Corporation Ltd. (CDC; Hebrew: החברה לפיתוח קיסריה אדמונד בנימין דה רוטשילד) in 1952 to act as its operations arm. The company transfers all profits from the development of Caesarea to the Foundation, which in turn contributes to organizations that advance higher education and culture across Israel.[citation needed] The goal of the CDC is to establish a unique community that combines quality of life and safeguarding the environment with advanced industry and tourism.[citation needed]

Today, the Chairman of the Rothschild Caesarea Foundation and the CDC is Baron Benjamin de Rothschild, the great-grandson of Baron Edmond de Rothschild.

As well as carrying out municipal services, the CDC markets plots for real-estate development, manages the nearby industrial park, and runs the Caesarea's golf course and country club, Israel's only 18-hole golf course.[citation needed]

Modern Caesarea, or Kesariya, remains today the only locality in Israel managed by a private organization rather than a municipal government. It is one of Israel's most upscale residential communities. The Baron de Rothschild still maintains a home in Caesarea, as do many business tycoons from Israel and abroad.[citation needed]

I'm suffering a bit of shock and amazement, right now. I've recently been studying American history closer and just last night found out that New Jersey's lesser known second name is Caesarea. I know I'd planned to look more into it, today, but before I even could, the article about Israelis boycotting near Netanyahu's home was reported, this morning; in the town of Caesarea.

"5. New Jersey had the alternate name of New Caesarea.

In 1664, King Charles II gave a charter for New Netherland, the land between the Connecticut and Delaware Rivers, to his brother James, the Duke of York. James, in turn, sent a fleet to chase out the Dutch, who also had claimed the area, and then gave a lease for a portion of the land to Lord John Berkeley, Baron of Stratton, and Sir George Carteret, a British naval officer who had helped defend the island of Jersey and keep it in Royalist hands during the English Civil Wars.

In honor of Carteret’s services to the Crown, James insisted upon calling the colony New Jersey, with the alternative name of New Caesarea, after the Roman name for the island of Jersey..."

[garadinervi]

Dia Batal (ضياء البطل), Homage to a Homeland (كامل التراب الوطني الفلسطيني), (silkscreen print on paper), 2015, Edition of 50 [The Mosaic Rooms, London. The Arab Fund for Arts and Culture – AFAC, Beirut. © Dia Batal]

Exhibition: Dia Batal: 'Tracing Landscapes', The Mosaic Rooms, London, September 9-27, 2015

«Alphabets series based on Arabic Alphabets learning posters. In this edition, the illustrative words refer to villages and towns in Palestine before 1948, including those which have since been destroyed. Title in Arabic borrowed from a Naji Al-Ali cartoon.» – Dia Batal

[xtruss]

The Palau de la Música Catalana is considered chief among Domènech i Montaner’s masterpieces. Photograph: Stefano Politi Markovina/Alamy

Barcelona’s ‘Other’ Great Architect: Five of His Finest Buildings

Catalonia’s design gems don’t begin and end with Gaudí. The works of Lluís Domènech i Montaner deserve a closer look on the centenary of his death

— Stephen Burgen | Wednesday 8 February 2023

Barcelona is justly renowned for its architecture but there’s a lot more to it than Gaudí and the still unfinished Sagrada Familia. This year Catalonia is celebrating the centenary of the death of Lluís Domènech i Montaner (1849-1923), one of Gaudí’s contemporaries and a leading light in the Catalan modernisme movement,

Over the course of the year there will be talks, videos and conferences celebrating the work of this prolific architect, as well as a route taking in some of his 26 buildings, 11 of which are in Barcelona. Domènech, who was prominent in the Catalan cultural revival known as the renaixença, combined modern techniques such as steel-framing with nostalgic and often romantic concepts of Spanish and Catalan culture. Ornamental ironwork, ceramics and stained glass characterise his lavishly decorated buildings.

Here’s are five of the architect’s most emblematic buildings.

Castell dels Tres Dragons, Barcelona

Castell dels Tres Dragons incorporates medieval influences. Photograph: Alamy

Standing in the north-west corner of the Parc de la Ciutadella, the Castell dels Tres Dragons was built in 1888 as a cafe and restaurant for the Universal Exposition. Although an early work, Domènech had already developed his distinctive style of exposed brickwork and iron structures. There are medieval references as well as a nod to the Spanish-Arab mudejar style, with heraldic motifs and images of plants and animals. The capitals and columns in the cafe are based on the 12th-century synagogue in Toledo. The Castell had a later life as the city’s natural history museum but that has now moved and the building is being restored.

Palau de la Música Catalana, Barcelona

The concert hall’s design has Spanish and Arabic elements. Photograph: Brian Jannsen/Alamy

The steel-framed concert hall built for the Orfeó Català choir in 1908 was funded by public donations and is generally seen as Domènech’s most complete masterpiece. As with the Castell, the facade consists of exposed brick and iron and decorative mosaics with elements of Spanish and Arabic architecture. Inside, the dominant element is stained glass. Even the balusters on the stairway are glass and the concert hall itself is walled with glass so that in summer recitals begin in daylight, giving the sensation of listening to music in a garden. The ceiling supports a gigantic sun-like skylight while the semi-circular stage is lined with carvings of 18 “muses”. The acoustics are surprisingly good, given the amount of glass, and to fully appreciate the Palau, go to a concert. There are classical, jazz and flamenco concerts all year round. Guided tours are also available.

Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona

A hospital that’s an ‘exuberant celebration of ceramics, glass and ornamentation’. Photograph: Alamy

Work on what is Europe’s largest art nouveau building began in 1901 but wasn’t completed until 1930, after the architect’s death. Facing the sea so that patients might benefit from breezes off the Mediterranean, the building incorporates what were then modern ideas about healthcare and hygiene, with ample ventilation and open spaces. It comprises a series of interconnected buildings, each catering to different medical conditions. The curved, tiled surfaces of the operating theatres, with no crevices where dirt can gather, reflect the growing awareness of the need for a sterile environment. The main administration building is an exuberant celebration of ceramics, glass and ornamentation, unlike any hospital designed before or since. Sant Pau continued to serve as one of the city’s principal hospitals until 2009. Along with the Palau de la Música Catalana, it was declared a Unesco heritage site in 1997.

Casa Navàs and Pere Mata, Reus

The Institut Pere Mata is a psychiatric hospital in Reus. Photograph: Cavan Images/Alamy

Reus, one hour and 20 minutes south of Barcelona by train, is now a bit of backwater but was once a wealthy textile town. The house was commissioned by Joaquim Navàs Padró, a textile merchant, and Domènech began work on it in 1901 in conjunction with the interior designer Gaspar Homar. Between them, they created an intricately decorated house rich in detail and where once again stained glass and ceramics are the protagonists. Despite being damaged during the Spanish civil war, it contains all the original furniture. While in Reus you might visit Domènech’s other buildings there, notably the Pere Mata psychiatric hospital.

Casa Museu Domènech, Canet de Mar

Domènech designed some of his best known buildings in his Canet de Mar studio. Photograph: Campillo Rafael/Alamy

Domènech built this house to accommodate his large family and he designed some of his most famous work in the building’s studio. Since 1998 it’s been a museum where, as well as touring the building, there are displays illustrating his work not just as an architect but as a writer. Domènech also built the town’s Ateneu (cultural centre), which is similar in design to the Castell dels Tres Dragons. The museum organises a tour of his and the work of other modernista architects in the town, which is an hour’s train journey north of Barcelona.

[eretzyisrael]

The advocacy group UN Watch, enumerated on how teachers in UNRWA schools express support for terrorism and Palestinian terrorist groups, and indoctrinate students to violence. On July 15, 2022, Hillel Neuer, director of UN Watch tweeted that UN Watch has “easily identified 120 UNRWA teachers, school principles and other employees who praise Hitler, glorify terrorist attacks and spread snit-Semitism.”  Watch decried the, “exploitation of children as child soldiers” as a “form of child abuse and a violation of international law.”

Recent reports from Israeli sources, including the Telegram news channel Abu Ali Express, reveal disturbing instances of UNRWA schools incorporating art projects that glorify terrorists. The juxtaposition of landmarks like the Dome of the Rock with images of infamous figures like Osama Bin Laden raises serious questions about the agency’s educational content and its clear impact on fostering a culture of violence.

UNRWA’s journey has been marked by decades of continuous funding, transforming it into a permanent fixture in the region. The reluctance of the United States to antagonize the Arab world during the Cold War, coupled with fears of Soviet expansion, led to the sustained financial backing of UNRWA, perpetuating its presence year after year.

One glaring issue is UNRWA’s refugee registration system, which has seen the number of refugees skyrocket from the original 750,000 to a staggering 5.9 million. This exponential increase, primarily attributed to its expansive definition of refugee status, raises serious questions about the agency’s objectives and sustainability. The irony is exemplified by Jordan, the country with the highest concentration of registered refugees at two million. Despite the majority being Jordanian citizens, they are still categorized as refugees, highlighting the absurdity of UNRWA’s approach.

To maintain its relevance, UNRWA employs a dubious refugee definition, explicitly stating that it “does not afford refugee status under the 1951 Geneva Convention.” Instead, the agency operates based on a self-crafted definition that determines eligibility for services and assistance. This strategic maneuvering allows UNRWA to continue its operations without adhering to internationally recognized refugee conventions.

The perpetuation of such a system not only raises ethical concerns but also impedes the path to a sustainable resolution for the Palestinian refugee crisis. By maintaining an inflated refugee count and perpetuating a narrative that contradicts the international standards set by the Geneva Convention, UNRWA risks becoming an obstacle rather than a catalyst for a lasting solution.

The time is long overdue for the cessation of all funding to the UNWRA. This odious organization clearly has a dangerous agenda and must be exposed as the anti-Israel propaganda machine that it is.

[manchesterpreparatory]

The Rise of Islamic Schools in Manchester: A Comprehensive Overview

Islamic schools in Manchester have been gaining recognition for their unique approach to education that blends Islamic values with a rigorous academic curriculum. This blog provides an in-depth look at the current landscape of Islamic schools in Manchester, exploring their benefits, challenges, and the role they play in the community.

1. Introduction: The Evolution of Islamic Education in Manchester

Islamic schools have become an integral part of Manchester's educational landscape, reflecting the city's diverse and multicultural community. These institutions not only offer traditional education but also incorporate Islamic teachings, making them appealing to many Muslim families seeking a faith-based educational environment. The evolution of Islamic schools in Manchester has been marked by a growing demand for such institutions, leading to the establishment of several schools across the city.

2. The Philosophy Behind Islamic Schools

At the core of Islamic schools is the philosophy of integrating Islamic principles with academic learning. These schools aim to provide students with a comprehensive education that encompasses both secular and religious knowledge. The curriculum is designed to ensure that students excel academically while also developing a strong sense of faith and moral values. This dual focus helps students to grow into well-rounded individuals who are knowledgeable and committed to their faith.

3. Types of Islamic Schools in Manchester

Manchester is home to a variety of Islamic schools catering to different educational needs and preferences. These include:

Primary Schools: Catering to younger students, these schools focus on foundational education while introducing basic Islamic teachings.

Secondary Schools: Offering more advanced education, these schools prepare students for higher education and future careers while reinforcing Islamic values.

Independent Schools: These schools operate independently of the national curriculum and offer a more tailored approach to education.

Supplementary Schools: Providing additional Islamic education outside of mainstream schooling, these institutions offer religious instruction and Quranic studies.

4. The Curriculum and Extracurricular Activities

Islamic schools in Manchester typically offer a curriculum that balances standard academic subjects with Islamic studies. The core subjects include mathematics, science, English, and humanities, while Islamic studies cover Quranic recitation, Hadith, Islamic history, and Arabic language. Extracurricular activities in these schools often include sports, arts, and community service, aimed at fostering a well-rounded development in students.

5. The Role of Islamic Schools in the Community

Islamic schools play a crucial role in the Manchester community by providing an educational environment that respects and promotes Islamic values. They offer a safe space for Muslim students to learn and grow while preserving their cultural and religious identity. Additionally, these schools often engage in community outreach programs, contributing to local charitable initiatives and fostering a sense of unity and support among residents.

6. Challenges Faced by Islamic Schools

Despite their many benefits, Islamic schools in Manchester face several challenges. These include:

Funding and Resources: Many Islamic schools operate with limited funding, which can impact the quality of facilities and resources available to students.

Curriculum Integration: Balancing Islamic teachings with national curriculum requirements can be challenging, requiring careful planning and adaptation.

Community Perception: There can be misunderstandings or prejudices about Islamic schools, which may affect their reputation and acceptance within the broader community.

7. Success Stories and Achievements

Despite the challenges, many Islamic schools in Manchester have achieved significant successes. Some have gained recognition for their high academic standards, innovative teaching methods, and contributions to the community. Success stories often include students who have excelled academically, received awards, or made notable contributions in various fields. These achievements highlight the positive impact of Islamic schools on both individual students and the broader community.

8. The Future of Islamic Schools in Manchester

The future of Islamic schools in Manchester looks promising as demand for faith-based education continues to grow. There is a strong emphasis on improving educational standards, increasing community engagement, and addressing challenges such as funding and curriculum development. As these schools evolve, they are expected to play an even more significant role in shaping the educational landscape of Manchester, providing high-quality education while preserving and promoting Islamic values.

Conclusion

Islamic schools in Manchester represent a vital component of the city's educational landscape, offering a unique blend of academic rigor and Islamic values. While they face various challenges, their contributions to the community and the positive impact they have on students cannot be understated. As these schools continue to develop and adapt, they will undoubtedly play an essential role in providing a holistic education that prepares students for both academic success and a life grounded in faith.

[drogba-prospect]

Blue Ocean Sprint

RAMBOUILLET BARTER ECONOMICS COMMODITIES TRADING

Middle School Course

Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with animals that are raised for meat, fibre, milk, or other products. It includes day-to-day care, management, production, nutrition, selective breeding, and the raising of livestock. Husbandry has a long history, starting with the Neolithic Revolution when animals were first domesticated, from around 13,000 BC onwards, predating farming of the first crops. By the time of early civilisations such as ancient Egypt, cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs were being raised on farms.

Especially in developing countries, such flocks may be a part of subsistence agriculture rather than a system of trade. Sheep themselves may be a medium of trade in barter economies.[23]

As a key animal in the history of farming, sheep have a deeply entrenched place in human culture, and are represented in much modern language and symbolism. As livestock, sheep are most often associated with pastoral, Arcadian imagery. Sheep figure in many mythologies—such as the Golden Fleece—and major religions, especially the Abrahamic traditions. In both ancient and modern religious ritual, sheep are used as sacrificial animals.

The practices of Yahwism included festivals, ritual sacrifices, vow-making, private rituals, and the religious adjudication of legal disputes.[7] It is unclear where the fleur-de-lys originated. Among the Egyptians, Persians, Arabs and Greeks, this arabesque evoked warrior-like power. It may be a crista (a sun symbol associated with the power of pagan warriors) or even a stylized phallus suggesting fertility. Brought back from the Crusades, the symbol became tied to the history of French kings after Louis IX’s canonization as Saint Louis on 11 August 1297. In depictions of the king’s life, a crista shines above his head by God’s will. This “tongue of fire” — a Biblical symbol — meant that the kings of France were chosen, crowned, and granted their power by God. The Spiritual Baptist faith is a religion created by persons of African ancestry in the plantations they came to in the former British West Indies countries predominantly in the islands of a Grenada, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Tobago and the Virgin Islands. It is syncretic Afro-Caribbean religion that combines elements of the many varied traditional African religions brought by the enslaved populations combined with Christianity. Spiritual Baptists consider themselves to be Christians. Capricornus is one of the 88 modern constellations, and was also one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Claudius Ptolemy. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♑︎). Under its modern boundaries it is bordered by Aquila, Sagittarius, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus, and Aquarius. The constellation is located in an area of sky called the Sea or the Water, consisting of many water-related constellations such as Aquarius, Pisces and Eridanus. It is the smallest constellation in the zodiac. The Planetary Intelligences are invoked in occultism to control the blind forces of the planetary spirit, specifically in the creation of astrological talismans.[4] The Planetary Intelligence are also formally invoked in Planetary Charity to help ameliorate poorly dignified planets in a natal chart.[5] Cancer Aries Constellation Conjunction with Capricorn Taurus Constellation Conjunction.

Rambouillet FX Listing Pegs: Copper & Gold; Agriculture Central Hedge Fund, Mining Unions, Peninsula Agronomique Engineering, Commodities Options Exchange (Credit Spread Options, Farm REITs, Crop Production; Fertelizers and Seeds; Equipment; Distribution and Processing Stocks, Ag ETFs and ETNs, Ag Mutual Funds), Tableau Économiques, Investments Farms REITs, Scallops Mollusk Razor-Razorblade Model Port Economics, Art Financing Bon Vivant.

Sheep as a House Pet. Cottage or Homestead. No Cows, Horse, Dogs, Cats, or Rabbits.

NOUCHI