#oedema causes

[infobyjk]

11 Top Natural Remedies for Swelling

Swelling, or edema, occurs when fluid accumulates in the body’s tissues, leading to puffiness, discomfort, and sometimes pain. It can be caused by injury, inflammation, poor circulation, or underlying health conditions. While medical intervention may be necessary in some cases, natural remedies can be highly effective in reducing swelling and promoting overall health. Here are 11 top natural…

[stromuprisahat]

There is a myth that finding a lot of fluid in the lungs – pulmonary oedema – is an indicator of a slow death. This oedema is a common part of the dying process for most people: as the heart beats less and less efficiently, normal physiology means that fluid leaves the blood vessels and fills the lungs. So, people who have their heads chopped off will show no oedema in the lungs at all because their death has been so fast. But the opposite isn’t true: a lot of fluid in the lungs does not necessarily point to an agonizingly slow death.

Unnatural Causes: The Life and Many Deaths of Britain’s Top Forensic Pathologist Unnatural Causes (Dr. Richard Shepherd)

[margareth-lv]

Look at her hands as she holds the baby

Her fingers are swollen and the ring looks jammed

Just like her hands in Season 7 when she was pregnant

https://www.tumblr.com/margareth-lv/736131941412241408/i-can-tell-you-for-a-fact-there-has-only

Let's be clear. No, I don't think Caitríona is pregnant in the Season 3 scene after the birth of Baby Bree. There is something else going on in that scene that gives me pause for thought. Namely, Caitríona's finger which, in a natural maternal gesture, is placed in… Baby Bree's mouth. This gesture is so intimate (not only on an emotional level, but also for hygienic reasons) that I find it hard to imagine the mother of this newborn being anyone other than Caitríona.

Can you imagine (if you are a mother) a stranger putting her finger in your newborn's mouth? And not just once, but many times, because I assume the shot in the film is taken many times.

*** *** *** However, it is important to remember that pregnancy is not the only thing that can cause swollen fingers.

Swelling (also known as oedema) in the hands, feet, legs and face is a common and temporary part of the postpartum period for many.

*** *** ***

So I'd like to return to the archly interesting discussion we've had here many times before about 'Claire's' swollen feet and unnaturally swollen face in the scene from Season 3 where Claire prepares to leave with Frank for a meeting at Harvard.

Note: The pictures below are photos I took directly from the screen this morning, as Netflix makes it impossible to take screenshots.

And now for the real bomb. Mind you, I'm lighting the fuse.

💣

Before I got down to the business of taking Netflix shots this morning, I typed "pregnant Claire, season 3" into Google Images. The first few results were... images wit the Starz logo. Smooth calves, smooth feet, no visible veins. And remembering those veins, I went back to film.

Yes, the famous 'Starz Photo Editing Program' had worked again. Many photos of Caitríona's feet on the internet are censored.

Isn't that the best proof you could have that 'there's something wrong with them'?

And the face? Let's talk about the face. What has happened to Caitríona's sharply defined jaw line?

❓

And the back? Let's talk about the back. Surely this is all about "characterising", don't you think?

❓

*** *** ***

Source of censored photos of Caitríona's feet:

[December 13, 2023]

[majorasnightmare]

continuing from my last post about tadpoles and brain damage and disability, and also on that whole "for Development Team reasons the party does not react to dark urge Lore Drops, but im interpreting it as character flaws anyways" dealio

immediately post absolute befuckening its like. the fucking DRAMA

because its a steadily increasing amount of Emergency Crises. like first of all astarion is now subject to vampire rules again and starts burning in the sun, so being the de facto leader dirge obviously rushes to shield him as best he can and drops a darkness cast on top of themselves, except hey. the worm thats been holding your brain together? just dissolved into thin air. fun fact about brain bleeds: it actually starts oozing down your esophagus, and only rarely leaks out from your eyes, and nosebleeds are typically a sinus capillary bursting from stress or irritation. it will on occasion leak from your ears, especially if its alongside a skull fracture (which will leak fluid from your ears first)

so id like to think that even before dirge starts showing symptoms, astarion starts to smell the blood on his breath, and then it just quickly spirals downhill from there as the wound reopens due to not healing properly in the first place. starts trying to find a way to get astarion to safety before trailing off and then gets increasingly heavy on astarion as he struggles to support himself, and it quickly becoming obvious something is Very Wrong. dirges injury not following explicit realism because Bhaalspawn and Drama, so even as it reopens its trying to properly heal, leading to oedema, the inflammation and swelling causing aphasia. so now your stuck about to be burned by the sun as soon as this cast is over, and the partys main crisis solver is now PART of the crisis, and steadily losing the ability to meaningfully communicate and becoming more and more of a dead weight

so now we have TWO crises, and one of them is the guy whos spent the past several months being the Guy Who Plans Our Way Out Of The Crisis. after spending so much time offloading the mental burden of problem solving onto this One Guy Whos Admittedly Pretty Good At It, now we have to handle an exponentially worsening situation. no telepathy cuz the worms are gone, so theres the struggle of trying to communicate whats happening quickly and clearly. no spell slots or resources cuz we just went through a boss rush. wylls all out of warlock juice cuz his pact with mizoras been fulfilled and she dipped. does an abandoned house count as public? run in, claim it, and invite astarion in while you support/drag dirge into the building, whos quickly becoming insensible, and then on top of all that we have to deal with karlachs engine. because anything that can go to shit right now, absolutely will

its like. everything gets offloaded onto him, because he cares and hes capable and hell get it done, so he makes the decisions and he talks to people and haggles with traders and gets them a free inn room and helps all their personal problems and life crises, and everytime he broaches the idea of asking for help for himself, it gets shut down. im having these urges for violence that really scare me, what do i do? its normal its fine it isnt anything to be scared of, everyone experiences this, just focus on killing whats in front of you. and then alfira dies and everyone pulls away, asks whats WRONG with you, and its like. oh. okay. i have to do this by myself. and if i dont, then ill fail, and people will pay the price, and the people i love will rightfully hate me for my lapse of control. and then no one reaches out, about the injury confirmed by omeluum, or about kressas torture, and further still they ask him to face the only two people left who ever knew him before he lost everything, and kill them. and he cant save either of them and has to choose his loved ones NOW over his loved ones THEN, and everyones too embroiled in their own issues to even really fully realize.

and then you cant ignore it anymore. you cant ask him how to handle this, what to do, have him guide your hand or comfort you, because now HES the crisis. the problem, confirmed a hundred times over by a hubdred different people, stares you in the face and refuses to be ignored anymore. the defining injury, the last remaining legacy of a past you never really reckoned with because you sat on the sidelines for it, the last echoing rattle of a ghost you never thought about, is now here to claim the friend who saved your life without asking a single thing in return, and its doing so explicitly because YOU never once thought about it or how to handle it. and now its all coming down around you on what should have been your final victory, but you never tried to tie these threads up!! and if you dont figure something out NOW, your going to lose EVERYTHING

like god. i love it. i think everyone should have to sweat, and try for just a day to handle the sheer load of bullshit dirge had to deal with daily. like it isnt enough to care when he doesnt ask anything of you, now you have to put your money where your mouth is and do it of your own volition cuz now he cant ask for help. and not just him but you have to save your other two friends having their own crises concurrently, all while feeling woefully unequipped and worn down and exhausted, and maybe think about how youve never seen him sleep except in those brief and short rests you take while on the road, and how he has to bury his face in blankets every morning to hide from the sun or else hell vomit, and how much medicine he has to take just to do the same shit you do every day.

and like. of course all the origin characters are CAPABLE of leading! its just that theyre never made to in the same way they are during an origin playthrough, cuz in those there isnt a tav or a durge to save them for them. they have to do it themselves, and help carry everyone else besides. but that just adds to it for me, like you COULD have done something to help this earlier, but you didnt, because this was easier and didnt seem to have any consequence because.. what exactly?

that he just seemed inhumanly durable? he could handle it, he could do it, hes been doing fine so far, if he needed help hed ask for it (nevermind that youve forgotten that when he did last time, you wrote him off and then didnt connect the dots between a bard dying in camp and the upsetting scary violent urges he asked for help with before. do you ever wonder how scary it might be to wake up having absolutely zero control over your body and the actions it takes and seeing that, without your awareness, you killed someone you wanted to journey with? brutally, violently, sadistically murdered her, all without even a shred of awareness. you cant be trusted to lose control of yourself for even a moment), if he wanted to talk about what happened with kressa hed say so, if there was something to say about his injury it wouldve been said, if he ever reached out to me id have helped him like he helped me, but you didnt and you didnt and you didnt and now everythings going to shit and you dont know what to do because your first instinct is to ask him but you dont even know if hes conscious anymore, laid out on omeluums desk and steadily bleeding where you cant stitch it closed, and you have to make sure astarions okay, that karlachs okay, that your all okay, and he did this every day this whole time.

like personally i really just enjoy putting the party through their paces, JUUUST a lil bit

[sidetongue]

Day 5 in hospital.

Today we placed a nasogastric feeding tube. Her protein levels are so low that it is causing oedema (fluid build up) both in her abdomen and throughout her limbs and face. Some of her kidney parameters are worse. She’s too sick to sedate, so she had to have her tube placed awake. They stapled the tube to her face. The tube made her nose bleed. She did not complain once. She is such a brave girl.

My friend and colleague brought in posters that her kids had made. They are up by her cage.

[blossompigeon]

Thank you.

To everyone who has donated to help with Alma’s hospital stay- from the bottom of my heart - thank you.

You’ve raised enough to cover her hospital stay. She needs to go back to the vet tomorrow, and to be seen by a cardiologist to fully identify the cause of her heart murmur and oedema, but she’s doing okay. I’m eternally thankful for how kind everyone is.

I felt guilty even asking for donations - I’ve always ever done commissions or been employed, and everyone has so little money nowadays, so the outpouring of support has really overwhelmed me. I’m so thankful for everyone who’s helped me and Alma.

I'm going through everyone's donations now - I haven't messaged everyone yet, but if you have donated and would like any doodle at all as a thank you please feel free to let me know!

[radioactiveradley]

Can you tell us anything about how CT can be used to find small foreign bodies that may not have a density massively dissimilar from the body they're lodged in? The specific example in this case: Dog is going for a CT to look for a potential cat claw tip lodged in the face that is causing repeated abscesses.

Oooh! That's an interesting one.

TL;DR: there will probably be goo around the claw. We can see goo. If there is no goo and the claw is lodged in soft tissue, the amount of radiation attenuated by the claw and the soft tissue will be distinct enough for us to see. If the claw is lodged in bone and has a similar density, we will still be able to see it, but we will have to modulate the way we read the images, which will cause no extra dose to your poor doggo!

First off, we'll look for any anomalies in the surrounding tissue. Soft tissue might fully envelop a foreign object, but we still expect to see some sort of reaction - i.e., a granuloma, which can either absorb some organic foreign bodies (very freaky! very cool! you can 'eat' splinters that get stuck under your skin!) or encyst them in a capsule-like shield to cut them off from the rest of the body.

All my pictures are gonna be of humans because I know 0 about doggy CT... sorry...

Image courtesy of radiopedia

So, in the above pic, the arrows point to a surgical clip that went walkabout in the body, and wound up encapsulated! How cool is that!

But generally speaking... If the claw is lodged in soft tissue, it will be easy to spot.

The way CT works is, we see how much radiation can penetrate through each separate point within the person/pooch who's lying in the scanner's central bore. These different penetration levels are mapped onto a scale to describe radiodensity, known as the Hounsfield scale, with '0' being water, '-1000' being air, and '+1000' typically being bone.

The gathered values are then composited using greyscale (and. a very funky process that I do NOT have time to get into here but ask me about sinogram tomography later) to create images across three dimensions, with fluid being middling grey (depending on its content), air being black, and bone being white.

So, the claw will show up clearly as a different density to soft tissue, especially if it's surrounded by oedema. It should appear significantly brighter (attenuates more radiation) while the oedema will be darker (attenuates less radiation).

However, if the claw is lodged in bone and there happens to be minimal oedema and no telltale damage to the periosteum (the membranous sheathe around the bone) ... we would have to use a funky technique called windowing!

Image courtesy of radiopedia

Here's an example of windowing, using a human head. As you can see, the 'bone window' completely blocks out all soft tissue detail in the brain, but shows a lot more detail - i.e., trabecular patterns and mastoid cells! - within the bone.

Basically, there can be almost infinite Hounsfield units, depending on what you want to look at (if you're looking at, like, titanium, we'll be talking a RIDICULOUSLY HIGH Hounsfield number!) But the human eye can only see approximately

Image courtesy of a basic bitch google search

This is where windowing comes in! We can choose a certain point within the Hounsfield scale at which to generate a new image, focusing on one particular type of material. This is what makes CT so versatile!

If the claw is a subtly different density to the bone, it may not show up on a regular CT image. But by using a 'bony window' that selects a span of Hounsfield units to look at, right up towards the +1000 end of the scale, we can focus on the bone in far more detail, cutting out all extraneous soft tissue. This should give us a good idea of what's going on!

As a fun extra fact - windowing will not up the radiation dose to your poor pooch in any way. In CT, all we need to do is take a single 'picture', which compiles all the radiodensity info about our patient (be they bipedal or otherwise). We can then play around in 'post-production', so to speak, to our heart's content, producing different variations on the same image using windowing! Very nifty trick. :)

I hope that somewhere amidst my extensive rambling, I answered your question! And I hope that doggo gets better soon!

[crossdressingdeath]

Narrator: *You notice oedema - a swelling of the brain causing pressure where it strains against the shell of the skull.*

I love this bit. Specifically in terms of Durge and their medicine proficiency (I assume it's the same for all characters but Durge is the only one who has medicine proficiency at the start), because Durge knowing that this swelling is called oedema means their medical knowledge didn't just come from practical experience cutting up bodies; they actually studied medicine. Imagine Durge with a medical textbook. Modern AU Durge would go to med school. This delights me.

[baratrongirl]

I have been dealing with non-stop health problems since 22nd June or thereabouts and I just want it all to stop.

On 21st June, which was my birthday, I went to an Elder Scrolls Online 10th Anniversary party at the offices of Bethesda/Zenimax in London. I proceeded to catch COVID from being out in public, and spent a week in bed.

On 29th June I was sitting at my computer, still with a high fever, stood up to go to the loo, and something in my right leg tore and I fell over. Couldn't walk at all for several days. Finally got free of COVID, went to the hospital, and they thought from an ultrasound that I'd torn my Achilles tendon. So I got put in a horrible cast and was not allowed to put any weight on the leg at all.

Went to Germany for the ESO Tavern anyway because I figured that accessible hotel rooms would be less stress than my house, which is only accessible for my normal disability and not for "you can't put any weight on your foot at all". Had to inject myself with an anticoagulant called Fragmin because of being immobile, which is super great if you're needle phobic.

Once I got home and saw the specialist, she thought it probably wasn't a tear and ordered an MRI. This showed that actually, I "only" had "thickening and inflammation" of the tendon. So it looks like I "only" tore my calf muscle which is a much less serious injury to heal. (I could dig out the hospital letter with the actual names of the muscles but I frankly don't care enough.)

However, my right leg was STILL rock solid with oedema. (Medical for "swelling"). The calf felt hard to the touch instead of squishy like my left leg. The young doctor that I saw the second time was only bothered about the tendonitis and severe inflexibility of my foot, not the fact that my leg was swollen. And I continued to have pain spikes so bad that my temperature hit 38.0 C and I started puking for probably six weeks after the initial injury.

TL;DR my leg started to get better and then it got worse again. About two weeks ago I noticed the leg was more swollen than ever, and the skin was bright red and very itchy. Took myself up to the hospital again, had a blood test, sat and waited for the results.

My foot turned LITERALLY purple and by the time I got to see the A&E doctor, she just looked at my foot in combination with the blood test results and declared that I had a clot. (Though she was very thorough, carefully checking the entire length of my bad leg against the good one.) They gave me a massive dose of anticoagulants and sent me home to sleep in my own bed for a bit, then I went back the next day and had another ultrasound at a different frequency from the first. (Different frequencies of sound penetrate different levels of tissue). And promptly got diagnosed with Deep Vein Thrombosis.

Blood clots are kinda gross (don't worry, there are no pictures):

Apparently the blood clot is from behind my knee all the way up to mid-thigh. I thought a blood clot was an amorphous, approximate spheroid blocking the vein at a particular place, but it actually fills the entire vein! (Gross!)

Also the main concern with Deep Vein Thrombosis is that bits might break off from the main clot and travel through the bloodstream to cause a Pulmonary Embolism. So the high dose of anticoagulants is actually to deal with bits breaking off from the clot rather than to break down the clot itself! That's why the treatment is 3-6 months on a high dose of anticoagulants.

I was worried about the risk of stroke but that's from blood clots in arteries, not veins.

I'm still annoyed with the doctor in the Fracture Clinic who basically looked at me and saw a fat person, rather than checking that my uninjured fat left leg and injured fat right leg felt the same. Because I had the oedema then. I had a soft, squishy fat left leg and a hard, unsquishable fat right leg.

If I'd actually followed his advice I might have accidentally killed myself. Fortunately I know the medical word "oedema" and knew not to use the special socks which said "do not use if you have oedema".

I am so fucking frustrated. So stupidly tired. I can't work out whether I'm depressed because I'm exhausted or exhausted because I'm depressed. Or whether the two states are orthogonal and caused by something else.

I feel like I've basically missed the entire summer to being sick and mostly unable to move very far from my bed, and the only joy I have is that I live in the UK and have paid nothing for any of this healthcare because it's all funded from our taxes.

[the-history-of-fighting]

The mystery of what killed kung fu legend Bruce Lee could finally be solved.

Experts say that the star who made famous the phrase "Be water, my friend," may have died from drinking too much water! Scientists, who recently looked at Lee's autopsy results have stated,

"We now propose, based on an analysis of publicly available information, that the cause of death was cerebral oedema due to hyponatraemia. In other words, we propose that the kidney’s inability to excrete excess water killed Bruce Lee."

Walesonline

[raikantopenis]

I did not have annoying medical inaccuracy on my bingo card for this week's episode of My Stand-In, then again I don't know what I've expected. Inaccuracy is like the Spanish Inquisition. Bane of my existence, the thorn under my nail.

Joe's mom gets hospitalised due shortness of breath. The doctors diagnose pulmonary oedema, caused by end stage renal disease / kidney failure. So far we're good, and I appreciate chosing something outside the usual cancer/heart disease pool.

But then the doctor tells Joe, that his mother has septicaemia and requires lifelong hospital treatment to stay alive.

First of all, what an ESRD patient has is called uraemia not septicaemia. Those are very different things. Idk if the mistake is on the scriptwriter's part or on the translator's, and I'd be grateful if someone who spoke Thai could tell me!

Second of all, dialysis is usually done by outpatient treatment! Although Joe's mom would have to visit a dialysis station every three days for the rest of her life, she would be able to live her life outside of the hospital! And that is without considering alternative treatments like peritoneal dialysis or a kidney transplant.

The two options for my second points are either the Doylist bad writing (bleh) or the Watsonian the doctor is trying to scam Joe. Which is ridiculous, but in this series, a crazy sublot like this might fly...

[drchristophedelongsblog]

What causes an anterior rectus injury?

Injury to the rectus abdominis is a fairly common injury, especially among sportspeople, involving a tear, of varying severity, in the muscle fibres of the rectus abdominis muscle. This muscle is part of the quadriceps, a muscle group located at the front of the thigh.

What causes an anterior rectus injury?

A number of factors can trigger an injury to the rectus abdominis:

- Intense and sudden physical effort: Sprinting, jumping or a sudden change of direction can overstretch the muscle and cause a tear.

- Muscle fatigue: Tired muscles are more vulnerable to injury.

- Insufficient warm-up: Insufficient warm-up makes muscles less elastic and more likely to tear.

- Muscle imbalance: An imbalance between the front and back muscles of the thigh can lead to injury.

 What are the symptoms?

The symptoms of an anterior rectus injury can vary depending on the severity of the injury:

- Sharp pain: A sudden, intense pain in the front of the thigh, often felt like a ‘stab wound’.

- Swelling: Localised swelling around the lesion.

- Ecchymosis: A purplish discolouration of the skin may appear a few hours after the injury.

- Loss of strength: Difficulty extending the leg or climbing stairs.

- Cracking or popping at the time of injury.

How is an anterior rectus injury treated?

Treatment of an anterior rectus injury depends on the severity of the injury:

- Rest: It is essential to rest the muscle to promote healing.

- Ice: Applying ice helps to reduce inflammation and pain.

- Compression: Wearing a compression bandage can help reduce swelling.

- Elevation: Resting the leg on an elevated surface promotes venous return and reduces oedema.

- Medication: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be prescribed to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.

- Physiotherapy: Once the acute phase is over, physiotherapy is essential to restore muscle strength and mobility to the joint.

In the case of major injuries, surgery may be necessary.

How can anterior rectus injuries be prevented?

- Warm up carefully before any physical activity.

- Regular muscle strengthening of the quadriceps and hamstrings.

- Listen to your body's signals and stop if you feel pain.

- Wear suitable footwear.

- Gradually increase the intensity of your training.

[houseofsnarry]

💚 HoS Mods’ Recs: Garden Edition ❤️

Spring is in the air! Flowers are blooming and the sun is shining! In conjuncture with the server's Spring Garden drabble event, here are some gardens & flowers themed Snarry/Severus/Harry recs. Cozy up with some floral inspired works, a tomato war, and Snape as a plant!?!?!

Art & Comic —

Always - neko_saba_goza (Twitter)

ス - jill_s_alg (Twitter)

じぃ〜っ - yamada007519 (Twitter)

ｶﾞｰﾃﾞﾝﾊﾞｰｽ - kaori_sshp (Twitter)

兔年快乐🥕！- mushenLJT (Twitter)

In My Secret Garden - Soltituss (AO3)

Fallen Marigolds - @luendland / luendland (AO3)

Fics —

Blooming Heart - @serenaew (AO3) Rated T, Word Count 8.7k

In muggles, strong emotional upheaval can cause your heart to fail, rendering it unable to pump the masses of blood that flood back to it every second. The tailback of blood builds up in your lungs, leaves you breathless, drowns you in your own bodily fluids that you try to cough out for dear life - in vain. They call it takotsubo cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, lung oedema. Only, in muggles, it comes and goes quickly. Those who survive the first critical period tend to recuperate from this condition within a few weeks. Wizards suffering from its magical analogon, hanahaki disease, do not have such luxury. Magical heart failure ends in suffocation from flowers instead. From the very first petal, Severus knew he was doomed. The orange lily.

Friendly Neighbourhood Visits - @anti-bright-places (AO3) Rated E, Word Count 10.6k

Harry's life is peaceful. He has his own house at twenty-three and nothing brings him more joy than his garden (but don't tell his cats that). His cats are perfectly well behaved, until a new man moves in next door and they start turning up at his place.

Hawthorn - @givereadersahug (AO3) Rated G, Word Count 1.2k

Harry keeps constant vigil by Severus's bedside after the Battle of Hogwarts.

Orange Blossoms - @danpuff-ao3 (AO3) Podfic recorded by JocundaSykes Rated T, Word Count 3.4k

These are foolish times to have hope, and more foolish still to be in love. 

Potted Dragons - silkendreammaid Rated G, Word Count 8.3k

Harry Potter wants Severus Snape but agreed to wait two years. With six months to go, he’s feeling impatient. Perhaps a pot plant and a small snake will help.

Snapes and Sales and Potion Garden Tales - Alisanne, shadowycat Rated E, Word Count 16.8k

Harry Potter is outed by a vicious ex-lover. Feeling alone and abandoned, Harry is surprised by the shelter and support he gets from Severus Snape.

The Gardeners - suitesamba Rated M, Word Count 15.5k

When Lily Luna Potter is awarded an apprenticeship with Severus Snape, Harry finds himself face to face with a man who isn’t at all the Snape he remembers from his childhood. This Snape is up to something, and Harry is determined to find out what. The secret, Harry learns, is in the tomatoes. Has Snape lost the plot or is he putting on a show? Harry and Severus tiptoe together through awkward interviews, tomato gardens and surprise kisses to find common ground, and a happily ever after.

The Plant - thesewarmstars Rated E, Word Count 8k

Neville turns over a plant to Harry and explains that the plant told him it was Severus Snape. Harry probably should’ve listened.

Discord || Recs Lists

[lonelynpc]

Hi! Is there anything people always get wrong with strangulation because I'm writing a fic and don't want to write it badly please and thank you

this is a really interesting question but quick TW for strangulation so i'll put the discussion under the cut

we actually see a really broad array of signs and symptoms (remembering that signs are what we see, symptoms are what they feel), there are a lot of implications with any sort of external force to the neck.

i think the biggest one people forget is that people often urinate, even defecate.

we have a very specific non-fatal strangulation (NFS) pathway actually, including the triage, indicated investigations and red flags.

this is what we look out for as 'NFS red flags':

neurological symptoms such as seizure activity, focal neurologic deficits, even symptoms similar to a cerebrovascular accident (stroke)

altered LOC, potential loss of consciousness and headaches

visual disturbances for the patient

spinal injury or shock, often causing priapism

bladder and/or bowel incontinence

ecchymosis, facial and airway oedema, abrasions

tenderness at the site

vomiting, bleeding or tissue in the airway causing an obstruction

swelling in the oropharynx

petechial haemorrhages especially facial and conjunctival

stridor, crackles, wheezing, coughing

hoarseness, dysphonia or aphonia

cyanosis, hypoxia

arrhythmias

dyspnoea

mostly i think i see people only including maybe unconsciousness and hoarseness, there's a lot more to it. we're not just worried about the airway either (such as tracheal occlusion), we're also worried about the blood vessels, the brain, the spine, etc. with certain mechanisms, we're even concerned about "internal decapitation".

obviously not everyone is the same, it also depends on the mechanism of injury but those are the things we would see as red flags for a NFS with a patient.

[liesmyteachertoldme]

COVID-19 Vaccines, 20,000 New Eye Disorders Are Reported

These experimental vaccines are designed to cause inflammation throughout the body, by reprogramming human cells to produce inflammatory spike proteins that are derived from the bio-weapon itself. Eye damage is merely a symptom of this inflammation, a sign of more serious problems to come with capillaries and autoimmune issues. The inflammatory conditions caused by the vaccines provide a new revenue stream for various industries within the medical system, including ophthalmology.

With mounting evidence of eye injury post-vaccination, ophthalmologists are ethically obligated to denounce these covid-19 vaccines. The vaccines are causing acute eye injuries at scale and are an underlying cause of inflammation for future eye disorders and other health problems. However, ophthalmologists are not properly trained to recognize, diagnose and report vaccine injury.

When the U.S. FDA issued Emergency Use Authorization for these experimental ‘vaccines’, they did not mention eye disorders specifically. In their fact sheet, they warn, “additional adverse reactions, some of which may be serious, may become apparent with more widespread use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine.”

In the UK’s Yellow Card System, vaccine-induced eye damage includes 4,616 cases of severe eye pain, 3,839 cases of blurred vision, 1,808 cases of light intolerance, and 559 cases of double vision. These issues were not prevalent until the vaccine was used. Some of the eye issues are mild but could be a sign of more serious issues within the cardiovascular or nervous systems. There were 768 cases of eye irritation, 731 cases of itchy eyes, 788 cases of ocular hyperemia, 459 cases of eye strain, 400 cases of dry eye, and 653 cases of increased lacrimation.

More serious issues of swelling were documented as well, including swelling around the eye (366 incidences), swelling of the eyelid (360 incidences) eyelid oedema (298) conjunctival haemorrhage or breakage of a small eye vessel (236), periorbital oedema (171), and eye haemorrhage (169). The swelling can be indicative of more serious cerebral, spinal, and/or cardiovascular issues. Blood clots and nervous system disorders are a commonly reported adverse event. The eye disorders provide a window of opportunity to understand just how severe the inflammation is. Ophthalmologists are able to identify early signs of vaccine-induced brain swelling, cardiovascular issues and stroke to help patients seek emergency care before the patient becomes another casualty to these horrid vaccines.

One 33-year-old pilot had severe migraines and sudden vision problems following the Pfizer vaccine. The pain migrated down the back of his neck toward the bottom of his skull. The pain lasted for several days and was accompanied by dizziness, nausea, disorientation, confusion, uncontrollable shaking, and tingling in his toes and fingers. He was ultimately evaluated by doctors. The Pfizer COVID vaccine had increased the pressure in his spinal cord and brain stem, rupturing his left inner ear, and damaging his eyesight.

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Oedema - pitting vs non-pitting

Oedema is swelling due to excess fluids in tissues.

In pitting oedema, pressing on the affected area leaves an indentation (that persists after removing the pressure). In non-pitting oedema, the area feels firm to touch and does not form indentations.

Pitting oedema:

The excess fluid is mainly composed of water

Commonly caused by heart failure, venous insufficiency, or nephrotic syndrome

Non-pitting oedema:

The excess fluid consists of water WITH protein and salts

Usually indicates a condition of the thyroid / lymphatic system

Different types:

Lymphoedema is due to a build-up of lymphatic fluid (e.g. due to a tumour blocking lymphatic flow / after removal of lymph nodes).

Myxoedema occurs in hypothyroidism and often affected the pretibial or periorbital area.

Angioedema is localised swelling of the skin and is usually due to allergic reactions. It typically affects the face, tongue, larynx, abdomen, arms, and legs. When the larynx is affected, it may affect breathing, which is an emergency!

Lipoedema is when fat accumulates in subcutaneous tissues - it usually affects the legs/buttocks and almost exclusively occurs in postpubertal females (not the same as cellulite!)

If patients present with oedema, it's always important to test if it's pitting or non-pitting as this helps to determine the cause and correct treatment!