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blackkudos · 6 years ago

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Arna Bontemps

Arnaud (Arna) Wendell Bontemps (October 13, 1902 – June 4, 1973) was an American poet, novelist and librarian, and a noted member of the Harlem Renaissance.

Early life

Bontemps was born in Alexandria, Louisiana, into a Louisiana Creole family. His father, Paul Bismark Bontemps, worked as a bricklayer; his mother, Maria Carolina Pembroke, as a schoolteacher. When he was three years old, his family moved to Los Angeles, California in the Great Migration of blacks out of the South and into cities of the North, Midwest and West. They settled in what became known as the Watts district.

After attending public schools, Bontemps attended Pacific Union College in Angwin, California, where he graduated in 1923. He majored in English and minored in history, and he was also a member of the Omega Psi Phi fraternity.

Career

Along with many other West Coast Intellectuals, Bontemps was drawn to New York during the Harlem Renaissance. After graduation, he moved to New York to teach at the Harlem Academy in 1924. While he was teaching, Bontemps began to publish poetry. In both 1926 and 1927, he received the Alexander Pushkin Prize of Opportunity, a National Urban League published journal. And in 1926 he won the Crisis Poetry Prize, which was an official journal of the NAACP.

In New York, Bontemps met many lifelong friends including Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes, W.E.B. Du Bois, Zora Neale Hurston, James Weldon Johnson, Claude McKay and Jean Toomer. Hughes became a role model, collaborator, and dear friend to Bontemps.

Bontemps was married in 1926 to Alberta Johnson, with whom he had six children. In 1931, he left New York and his teaching position at the Harlem Academy as the Great Depression got severely worse. He and his family moved to Huntsville, Alabama, where he had a teaching position at the Oakwood Junior College for three years.

In the early 1930s, Bontemps expanded his writing as he began to publish fiction, in addition to more poetry. He received a considerable amount of attention for his first novel, God Sends Sunday (1931). This novel was a quintessential writing piece of the Harlem Renaissance movement. It followed the story of an African-American jockey named Little Augie who effortlessly earns money and then carelessly squanders it. Little Augie ends up wandering through the black sporting world when his luck as a jockey eventually runs out. Bontemps was praised for his poetic style, his re-creation of the black language and his distinguishing characters throughout this novel. However, despite the abundant amount of praise Bontemps received for this novel, W.E.B. Du Bois viewed it as “sordid” and equated it with other “decadent” novels of the Harlem Renaissance. Later in his career, Bontemps collaborated with Countee Cullen to create a dramatic adaption of the novel. Together in 1946 they published this adaption of the book titled "St. Louis Woman".

Bontemps also began to write several children's books. In 1932, he collaborated with Langston Hughes and wrote Popo and Fifina. This story followed the lives of siblings Popo and Fifina, in an easy to understand introduction to Haitian life for children. Bontemps continued writing children’s novels and published You Can’t Pet a Possum (1934), which followed a story of a boy and his pet dog living in a rural part of Alabama.

During the early 1930s, African-American writers and intellectuals were not welcomed in Northern Alabama. Just thirty miles from Huntsville in Decatur, the Scottsboro boys were being tried in court. During this time, Bontemps had many friends visit and stay with him while they came to Alabama to protest this trial. Bontemps’ constant out-of-state visitors drew concerns with the school administration. In later years, Bontemps professed that the administration at the Oakwood Junior College demanded he burn many of his private books in order to indicate his relinquishing radical politics. Bontemps refused to do so. He resigned from his teaching position and moved back to California with his family in 1934.

In 1936 Bontemps published what is known as some of his best work, Black Thunder. This novel recounts the tale of a rebellion that took place in 1800 near Richmond, Virginia led by Gabriel Prosser, an uneducated field worker and coachman. It shares Prosser's attempted plan to conduct a slave army to raid an armory in Richmond, and once armed with weapons, defend themselves against any assailants. A fellow slave betrayed Prosser causing the rebellion to be shut down, and Prosser to be lynched. However, in Bontemps version of the story, whites were compelled to admit that slaves were humans that had possibilities of a promising life.

Black Thunder received many extraordinary reviews by both African-American and conventional journals, for example, the Saturday Review of Literature. Despite these rave reviews of this literary piece, the earnings were unable to sufficiently support his family in Chicago, where they moved shortly before he published the novel. He briefly taught in Chicago at the Shiloh Academy but did not stay long because he took a job with the WPA Illinois Writers’ Project. In 1938, following the publication of another children’s book Sad-Faced Boy (1937), Bontemps acquired a Rosenwald fellowship to work on his novel, Drums at Dusk (1939), which was based on Toussaint L’Ouverture's Haitian rebellion. This book was more widely recognized than his other novels. Critics were split as some viewed the plot as overdramatic, while others commended its characterizations.

Bontemps struggled to make enough from his books to support his family. However, more important, he gained little acknowledgement for his work despite being a prolific writer. This caused him to quickly become discouraged as an African-American writer of this time. He started to believe that it was futile for him to attempt to address his writing to his own generation, so he chose to focus his serious writing on younger and more progressive audiences. Bontemps met Jack Conroy on the Illinois Writers’ Project, and in collaboration they wrote The Fast Sooner Hound (1942). This was a children’s story about a hound dog, Sooner, who races and outruns trains. Embarrassed about this, the roadmaster puts him against the fastest train, the Cannon Ball.

He returned to graduate school and earned a master's degree in library science from the University of Chicago in 1943. Bontemps was appointed as head librarian at Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee. During his time there, he developed important collections and archives of African-American literature and culture, namely the Langston Hughes Renaissance Collection. He was initiated as a member of the Zeta Rho Chapter of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia Fraternity at Fisk in 1954. Bontemps stayed at Fisk until 1964 and would continue to return occasionally.

Later years

After retiring from Fisk University in 1966, Bontemps worked at the University of Illinois (Chicago Circle). He later moved to Yale University, where he served as curator of the James Weldon Johnson Collection.

During this time, Bontemps published numerous novels varying in genre. Slappy Hooper (1946), and Sam Patch (1951) were two children’s books that he co wrote with Jack Conroy. Individually he published Lonesome Boy (1955) and Mr. Kelso’s Lion (1970), two other children’s books. Simultaneously he was writing pieces targeted for teenagers, including biographies on George Washington Carver, Frederick Douglass and Booker T. Washington. His other pieces of this time were Golden Slippers (1941), "Story of the Negro" (1948), Chariot in the Sky (1951) and Famous Negro Athletes (1964) (Fleming). Critics highly praised his Story of the Negro, which received the Jane Addams Children's Book Award and was a Newbery Honor Book.

Bontemps worked with Langston Hughes on pieces geared toward adults. They edited The Poetry of the Negro (1949) and The Book of Negro Folklore (1958). He collaborated with Conroy and wrote a history of the migration of African-Americans in the United States called They Seek a City (1945). They later revised and published it as Anyplace But Here (1966). Bontemps also wrote 100 Years of Negro Freedom (1961) and edited Great Slave Narratives (1969) and The Harlem Renaissance Remembered (1972). In addition he was also able to edit American Negro Poetry (1963), which was a popular anthology. He compiled his poetry in Personals (1963) and also wrote an introduction for a previous novel, Black Thunder, when it was republished in 1968.

Bontemps died on June 4, 1973, at his home in Nashville, from a myocardial infarction (heart attack), while working on his collection of short fiction in The Old South (1973).

Through his librarianship and bibliographic work, Bontemps became a leading figure in establishing African-American literature as a legitimate object of study and preservation. His work as a poet, novelist, children’s writer, editor, librarian and historian helped shape modern African-American literature, but it also had a tremendous influence on African-American culture.

Legacy and honors

In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante included Arna Bontemps on his list of the 100 Greatest African Americans.

Works

God Sends Sunday: A Novel (New York, Harcourt, Brace and Co., 1931; New York: Washington Square Press, 2005)

Popo and Fifina, Children of Haiti, by Arna Bontemps and Langston Hughes (New York: Macmillan, 1932; Oxford University Press, 2000)

You Can’t Pet a Possum (New York: William Morrow, 1934)

Black Thunder: Gabriel's Revolt: Virginia 1800 (New York: Macmillan, 1936; reprinted with intro. Arnold Rampersad, Boston: Beacon Press, 1992)

Sad-Faced Boy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1937)

Drums at Dusk: A Novel (New York: Macmillan, 1939; reprinted Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-8071-3439-9)

Golden Slippers: an Anthology of Negro Poetry for Young Readers, compiled by Arna Bontemps (New York: Harper & Row, 1941)

The Fast Sooner Hound, by Arna Bontemps and Jack Conroy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1942)

They Seek a City (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Doran and Co., 1945)

We Have Tomorrow (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1945)

Slappy Hooper, the Wonderful Sign Painter, by Arna Bontemps and Jack Conroy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1946)

Story of the Negro, (New York: Knopf, 1948; New York: Random House, 1963)

The Poetry of the Negro, 1746–1949: an anthology, edited by Langston Hughes and Arna Bontemps (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1949)

George Washington Carver (Evanston, IL: Row, Peterson, 1950)

Father of the Blues: an Autobiography, W.C. Handy, ed. Arna Bontemps (New York: Macmillan, 1941, 1957; Da Capo Press, 1991)

Chariot in the Sky: a Story of the Jubilee Singers (Philadelphia: Winston, 1951; London: Paul Breman, 1963; Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)

Lonesome Boy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1955; Beacon Press, 1988)

Famous Negro Athletes (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1964)

Great Slave Narratives (Boston: Beacon Press, 1969)

Hold Fast to Dreams: Poems Old and New Selected by Arna Bontemps (Chicago: Follett, 1969)

Mr. Kelso’s Lion (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1970)

Free at Last: the Life of Frederick Douglass (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1971; Apollo Editions, 2000)

The Harlem Renaissance Remembered: Essays, Edited, With a Memoir (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1972, 1984)

Young Booker: Booker T. Washington’s Early Days (New York, Dodd, Mead, 1972)

The Old South: "A Summer Tragedy" and Other Stories of the Thirties (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1973)

Recorded works

In the Beginning: Bible Stories for Children by Sholem Asch (Folkways Records, 1955)

Joseph and His Brothers: From In the Beginning by Sholem Asch (Folkways Records, 1955)

Anthology of Negro Poets in the U.S.A. - 200 Years (Folkways Records, 1955)

An Anthology of African American Poetry for Young People (Folkways Records, 1990)

Wikipedia

#Arna Bontemps #10-13 #06-04

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goalhofer · 2 years ago

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U.S. Daily Precipitation Records Tied/Broken 5/1/22

Chugach State Park, Alaska: 1" (also 1" 1994)

Grouse Creek Pass summit, Alaska: 0.6" (previous record 0.4" 2017)

Turnagain Pass summit, Alaska: 0.9" (previous record 0.6" 2017)

Bartow, Florida: 2.15" (previous record 0.95" 1964)

Hugh Taylor Birch State Park, Florida: 1.09" (previous record 1.01" 1964)

Unincorporated Maui County, Hawaii: 0.71" (previous record 0.54" 2017)

Unincorporated Blaine County, Idaho: 0.5" (previous record 0.3" 1999)

Emigrant Peak summit, Idaho: 0.5" (previous record 0.4" 2010)

Galena Peak summit, Idaho: 0.6" (also 0.6" 1983)

Sawtooth National Forest, Idaho: 0.6" (also 0.6" 1984)

Harvard, Illinois: 1.2" (also 1.2" 2003)

Berne, Indiana: 1.73" (previous record 1.02" 1985)

Cicero Township, Indiana: 1.87" (previous record 0.97" 2009)

Decatur, Indiana: 1.6" (previous record 1.37" 1986)

Huntington, Indiana: 1.59" (previous record 1.56" 1986)

Licking Township, Indiana: 2.24" (previous record 2.22" 1986)

Unincorporated Clay County, Kentucky: 1.14" (previous record 0.9" 2016)

Columbia, Louisiana: 1.92" (previous record 1.45" 1985)

West Monroe, Louisiana: 3.1" (previous record 2.8" 1962)

Brainerd, Minnesota: 1" (previous record 0.54" 2011)

Browns Valley, Minnesota: 1.05" (previous record 0.93" 2006)

Bruno Township, Minnesota: 1.08" (previous record 0.96" 2011)

Grand Portage Reservation, Minnesota: 1.35" (previous record 0.84" 2011)

Hallock, Minnesota: 0.78" (previous record 0.64" 1949)

Lakeside Township, Minnesota: 0.87" (previous record 0.75" 1991)

Marshall, Minnesota: 1.1" (also 1.1" 2017)

Melrose, Minnesota: 0.73" (previous record 0.68" 1973)

Milaca, Minnesota: 1.1" (previous record 0.95" 1950)

Mora, Minnesota: 1.33" (previous record 0.8" 1973)

Snail Lake Regional Park, Minnesota: 1.4" (previous record 0.95" 2017)

Waskish Township, Minnesota: 0.56" (previous record 0.55" 1986)

Unincorporated Sweet Grass County, Montana: 0.76" (previous record 0.49" 1978)

Humboldt National Forest, Nevada: 0.8" (previous record 0.5" 2002)

Montpelier, North Dakota: 1.33" (previous record 0.62" 2006)

Unincorporated Stutsman County, North Dakota: 1" (previous record 0.37" 2006)

Arlington, Oregon: 0.4" (previous record 0.31" 1984)

Heppner, Oregon: 0.48" (also 0.48" 1987)

Sweet Home, Oregon: 0.8" (previous record 0.68" 1984)

Wallows National Forest, Oregon: 0.3" (also 0.3" 1993)

Winner, South Dakota: 2.75" (previous record 1.6" 1983)

Unincorporated Box Elder County, Utah: 0.4" (previous record 0.34" 1999)

Wasatch National Forest, Utah: 1" (previous record 0.9" 1988)

Danville, Virginia: 0.83" (previous record 0.61" 2016)

Unincorporated Asotin County, Washington: 0.71" (previous record 0.33" 1983)

Dayton, Washington: 1.07" (previous record 0.78" 2012)

Kennewick, Washington: 0.58" (previous record 0.32" 1932)

Prosser, Washington: 0.36" (previous record 0.28" 1984)

Walla Walla Community College Recreation Area, WA: 1.05" (previous record 0.84" 1987)

Unincorporated Walla Walla County, Washington: 0.51" (previous record 0.32" 2001)

White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia: 3.75" (previous record 0.91" 1889)

Dover, Wisconsin: 1.67" (previous record 0.85" 2017)

Lake Geneva, Wisconsin: 1" (previous record 0.91" 1973)

Stephenson Township, Wisconsin: 0.95" (previous record 0.9" 1973)

Bridger National Forest, Wyoming: 0.3" (also 0.3" 1996)

Monument Peak summit, Wyoming: 0.5" (also 0.5" 2018)

Shoshone National Forest, Wyoming: 0.5" (also 0.5" 1988)

Teton National Forest, Wyoming: 0.4" (also 0.4" 2019)

0 notes

2021law486 · 3 years ago

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Session 2. Privacy Laws and Data Protection

Privacy and Data Protection

The basic principles of Data Protection are relatively new in the timeline of privacy related concepts and the development of privacy laws. It does have some relation to privacy rights in certain cultures and jurisdictions as well as similarities in the ‘personal’ aspects of its operation. However, in the Singapore context, the distinction is much clearer than it is in Europe and other similar jurisdictions where the two are intricately linked. The ‘communitarian’ values that the government espouses over individual rights also have a part to play in limiting the type of actions relating to privacy that are available in Singapore and in demarcating the approach to an individual’s rights to personal data from the balance of competing data interests.

Privacy Rights and Interests

The civil (and criminal) rights of action related to and rooted in privacy rights or principles vary across jurisdictions. In Singapore, the other privacy related laws are more limited compared to the situation in Europe and the United States. The current privacy laws mainly consist of the following rights of action:

The law on Defamation and the Tort of Malicious Falsehood;

The Protection from Harassment Act;

The law on Breach of Confidence; and

The law on Trespass and Nuisance.

The Development of Privacy Laws in Europe and the United Kingdom

In Europe, the right to privacy (or the “right to respect for private and family life”) is enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights (“ECHR”) under Article 8.1, which states that: “Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence.” Article 8.2 further states that: “There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic well-being of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.”

In the United Kingdom, the historical laws for the protection of physical or spatial privacy are well established, although new torts (or legislative action in lieu of such including anti-harassment laws and data protection laws) can still emerge. The earliest definition was “the right to be left alone”, which was made by Thomas M. Cooley in his Treatise on the Law of Torts (1st ed. 1879). The legal right to informational privacy, which is the protection of personal information from unauthorised disclosure or misuse, has emerged as the focus of common law developments instead.

Although there is still no ‘universal’ “tort of privacy”, privacy laws have expanded in other ways through common law incrementally. The Douglas v. Hello! case expanded the doctrine of breach of confidence in accordance with section 6 the Human Rights Act, which requires the UK to develop its common law to give effect to the rights under the ECHR, including privacy rights. There is no pre-existing relationship of confidence requirement for private information to be protected and the publication of such information can give rise to an action for damages. See also, Campbell v. Mirror Group Newspapers Ltd.; Mosley v. News Group Newspapers Limited and Max Mosley v. United Kingdom. The misuse of private information has emerged as a distinct tort to an action on breach of confidence in the case of Judith Vidal-Hall & Ors. v. Google Inc.

Concepts of Privacy in the United States

The earliest authority on privacy as a right in the United States was articulated in The Right to Privacy, an article by Samuel D. Warren and Louis D. Brandeis in the Harvard Law Review that was published in 1890. It was the result of social changes made by the introduction of earlier forms of technology such as newspapers (giving rise to greater dissemination of information), photography (for capturing lasting personal images). These had the potential of exposing details of private lives to a larger segment of society, which can embarrass or disturb individuals. Even then, the right to privacy does not extend to where the matter was of legitimate public interest, related to facts or was provided by the person concerned with consent.

The next seminal article emerged in 1960 and was written by William L. Prosser who listed four distinct torts that have developed from the right to privacy as legal recourse for individuals. These torts fall into four branches within which privacy-related torts today are the offshoot. These are:

Intrusion upon seclusion or solitude, or into private affairs;

Public disclosure of embarrassing private facts;

Publicity which places a person in a false light in the public eye; and

Appropriation of name or likeness.

In some cases, the right to privacy is not only protected and enforced by civil rights of action but are reinforced by criminal law provisions.

Today, the changes to the capture, retention and dissemination of information are multiplied manifold with modern infocomm. Together with even denser cities, greater population growth, travel and transnational interaction, this elevates personal privacy concerns to even higher levels than before and necessitate new and updated instruments of protection. In particular, informational privacy has risen to become a concern that requires greater and stronger solutions.

Preparatory Instructions:

What are the types of privacy you can think of and how would you compartmentalise privacy-related laws under them?

What is the relationship between data protection and privacy; false and personal information and privacy; and personal image and privacy?

Is privacy a right or an interest and what is the difference? How does it relate to the development and treatment of data protection laws in different jurisdictions?

Trace the development of the now repealed public order provisions in the Miscellaneous Offences Act to its new privacy-centric formulation in the PHA. What are the recent amendments to the PHA and how does it enhance privacy rights, if at all?

How has privacy as a right impacted on the way data protection laws developed in a region such as the European Union?

Primary Materials: (For Reference in Class Only)

Protection from Harassment Act (Cap. 256A) [PHA] amended as of 1 January 2020

Cases:

I-Admin (Singapore) Pte Ltd v Hong Ying Ting and others [2020] SGCA 32

Malcomson Nicholas Hugh Bertram and Another v Naresh Kumar Mehta [2001] SGHC 308

Lim Siong Khee v Public Prosecutor [2001] 2 SLR 342; [2001] SGHC 69

Required Readings:

Chapter 4 – Data Protection Law and Privacy by Lanx Goh & Jansen Aw in Chesterman ed., Data Protection Law in Singapore – Privacy and Sovereignty in an Interconnected World (2ed Academy Publishing, 2018) [available in Course Reserves]

Chapter 9 – Image Rights and Data Protection by David Tan in Chesterman ed., Data Protection Law in Singapore – Privacy and Sovereignty in an Interconnected World (2ed Academy Publishing, 2018) [available in Course Reserves and on SSRN online for free download - click here]

Gilbert Leong et al., Protecting the Right of Publicity under the Personal Data Protection Act, in the PDP Digest 2017 at 293

References:

Chapter 16 – Protection of Privacy Interests in Tort in Gary Chan, The Law of Torts in Singapore (2ed Academy Publishing, 2015) [available in Course Reserves]

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manualstogo · 5 years ago

Link

For just $3.99 Adventures of Kitty O'Day Released on January 19, 1945: Hotel telephone operator Kitty O'Day hears a caller Directed by: William Beaudine Written by: Victor Hammond with the screenplay by George Callahan and Tim Ryan The Actors: Jean Parker Kitty O'Day, Peter Cookson Johnny Jones, Tim Ryan Police Inspector Clancy, Lorna Gray Gloria Williams, Jan Wiley Carla Brant, Ralph Sanford Police Detective Sergeant Mack, William Forrest Mr. Sauter, hotel manager, Byron Foulger desk clerk Roberts, Hugh Prosser Nick Joel, Dick Elliott hotel guest Bascom, William Ruhl Michael Tracey, Shelton Brooks Jeff, Kenner G. Kemp Police Officer Riley, Carl Mathews policeman, Constance Purdy woman in spa Runtime: 1h 3min *** This item will be supplied on a quality disc and will be sent in a sleeve that is designed for posting CD's DVDs *** This item will be sent by 1st class post for quick delivery. Should you not receive your item within 12 working days of making payment, please contact us as it is unusual for any item to take this long to be delivered. Note: All my products are either my own work, licensed to me directly or supplied to me under a GPL/GNU License. No Trademarks, copyrights or rules have been violated by this item. This product complies withs rules on compilations, international media, and downloadable media. All items are supplied on CD or DVD.

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holyjost · 7 years ago

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TEAM LISTS OF UNPROTECTED PLAYERS [source] ANAHEIM DUCKS

FORWARDS: spencer abbott, jared boll, sam carrick, patrick eaves, emerson etem, ryan garbutt, max gortz, nicolas kerdiles, andre petersson, logan shaw, nick sorenson, nate thompson, corey tropp, chris wagner

DEFENSEMEN: nate guenin, korbinian holzer, josh manson, jaycob megna, jeff schultz, clayton stoner, sami vatanen

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ARIZONA COYOTES

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BOSTON BRUINS

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BUFFALO SABRES

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CALGARY FLAMES

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CAROLINA HURRICANES

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GOALTENDERS: reto berra, sam brittain, roberto luongo

LOS ANGELES KINGS

FORWARDS: andy andreoff, justin auger, dustin brown, kyle clifford, andrew crescenzi, nic dowd, marian gaborik, jarome iginla, trevor lewis, michael mersch, jordan nolan, teddy purcell, devin setoguchi, nick shore

DEFENSEMEN: matt greene, vincent loverde, brayden mcnabb, cameron schilling, rob scuderi, zach trotman

GOALTENDERS: jack campbell, jeff zatkoff

MINNESOTA WILD

FORWARDS: brady brassart, patrick cannone, ryan carter, kurtis gabriel, martin hanzal, erik haula, zack mitchell, jordan schroeder, eric staal, chris stewart, ryan white

DEFENSEMEN: victor bartley, matt dumba, christian folin, guillaume gelinas, alexander gudbranson, gustav olofsson, nate prosser, marco scandella, mike weber

GOALTENDERS: johan gustafsson, darcy kuemper, alex stalock

MONTREAL CANADIENS

FORWARDS: daniel carr, connor crisp, jacob de la rose, bobby farnham, brian flynn, max friberg, charles hudon, dwight king, stefan matteau, torrey mitchell, joonas nattinen, steve ott, tomas plekanec, alexander radulov, chris terry

DEFENSEMEN: brandon davidson, alexei emelin, keegan lowe, andrei markov, nikita nesterov, zach redmond, dalton thrower

GOALTENDERS: al montoya

NASHVILLE PREDATORS

FORWARDS: pontus aberg, cody bass, vernon fiddler, mike fisher, cody mcleod, james neal, p.a. parenteau, adam payerl, mike ribeiro, miikka salomaki, colton sissons, craig smith, trevor smith, austin watson, colin wilson, harry zolnierczyk

DEFENSEMEN: taylor aronson, anthony bitetto, stefan elliot, petter granberg, brad hunt, matt irwin, andrew o'brien, adam pardy, jaynen rissling, scott valentine, yannick weber

GOALTENDERS: marek mazanec

NEW JERSEY DEVILS

FORWARDS: beau bennett, michael cammalleri, carter camper, luke gazdic, shane harper, jacob josefson, ivan khomutov, stefan noeson, marc savard, devante smith-pelly, petr straka, mattias tedenby, ben thomson, david wohlberg

DEFENSEMEN: seth helgeson, viktor loov, ben lovejoy, andrew macwilliam, jon merrill, dalton prout, karl stollery, alexander urbom

GOALTENDERS: keith kinkaid, scott wedgewood

NEW YORK ISLANDERS

FORWARDS: josh bailey, steve bernier, eric boulton, jason chimera, casey cizikas, cal clutterbuck, stephen gionta, ben holmstrom, bracken kearns, nikolay kulemin, brock nelson, shane prince, alan quine, ryan strome, johan sundstrom

DEFENSEMEN: calvin de haan, matthew finn, jesse graham, thomas hickey, loic leduc, scott mayfield, dennis seidenberg

GOALTENDERS: jean-francois berube, christopher gibson, jaroslav halak

NEW YORK RANGERS

FORWARDS: taylor beck, chris brown, daniel catenacci, jesper fast, tanner glass, michael grabner, marek hrivik, nicklas jensen, carl klingberg, oscar lindberg, brandon pirri, matt puempel

DEFENSEMEN: adam clendening, tommy hughes, steven kampfer, kevin klein, michael paliotta, brendan smith, chris summers

GOALTENDERS: magnus hellberg, antti raanta, mackenzie skapski

OTTAWA SENATORS

FORWARDS: casey bailey, mike blunden, alexandre burrows, stephane da costa, christopher didomenico, nikita filatov, chris kelly, clarke macarthur, max mccormick, chris neil, tom pyatt, ryan rupert, bobby ryan, viktor stalberg, phil varone, tommy wingels

DEFENSEMEN: mark borowiecki, fredrik claesson, brandon gormley, jyrki jokipakka, marc methot, patrick sieloff, chris wideman, mikael wikstrand

GOALTENDERS: mike condon, chris driedger, andrew hammond

PHILADELPHIA FLYERS

FORWARDS: pierre-edouard bellemare, greg carey, chris conner, boyd gordon, taylor leier, colin mcdonald, andy miele, michael raffl, matt read, chris vandevelde, jordan weal, dale weise, eric wellwood

DEFENSEMEN: mark alt, tj brennan, michael del zotto, andrew macdonald, will o’neill, jesper pettersson, nick schultz

GOALTENDERS: steve mason, michal neuvirth

PITTSBURGH PENGUINS

FORWARDS: josh archibald, nick bonino, matt cullen, jean-sebastien dea, carl hagelin, tom kuhnhackl, chris kunitz, kevin porter, bryan rust, tom sestito, oskar sundqvist, dominik uher, garrett wilson, scott wilson

DEFENSEMEN: ian cole, frank corrado, trevor daley, tim erixon, cameron gaunce, ron hainsey, stuart percy, derrick pouliot, chad ruhwedel, mark streit, david warsofsky

GOALTENDERS: marc-andre fleury

SAN JOSE SHARKS

FORWARDS: mikkel boedker, barclay goodrow, micheal haley, patrick marleau, buddy robinson, zack stortini, joe thornton, joel ward

DEFENSEMEN: dylan demelo, brenden dillon, dan kelly, paul martin, david schlemko

GOALTENDERS: aaron dell, troy grosenick, harri sateri

ST. LOUIS BLUES

FORWARDS: kenny agostino, andrew agozzino, kyle brodziak, jordan caron, jacob doty, landon ferraro, alex friesen, evgeny grachev, dmitrij jaskin, jori lehtera, brad malone, magnus paajarvi, david perron, ty rattie, scottie upshall, nail yakupov

DEFENSEMEN: robert bortuzzo, chris butler, morgan ellis, carl gunnarsson, jani hakanpaa, petteri lindbohm, reid mcneill

GOALTENDERS: jordan binnington, carter hutton

TAMPA BAY LIGHTNING

FORWARDS: carter ashton, michael bournival, j.t. brown, cory conacher, erik condra, gabriel dumont, stefan fournier, byron froese, yanni gourde, mike halmo, henri ikonen, pierre-luc letourneau-leblond, tye mcginn, greg mckegg, cedric paquette, tanner richard, joel vermin

DEFENSEMEN: dylan blujus, jake dotchin, jason garrison, slater koekkoek, jonathan racine, andrej sustr, matt taormina, luke witkowski

GOALTENDERS: peter budaj, kristers gudlevskis, jaroslav janus, mike mckenna

TORONTO MAPLE LEAFS

FORWARDS: brian boyle, eric fehr, colin greening, seth griffith, teemu hartikainen, brooks laich, brendan leipsic, joffrey lupul, milan michalek, kerby rychel, ben smith

DEFENSEMEN: andrew campbell, matt hunwick, alexey marchenko, martin marincin, steve oleksy, roman polak

GOALTENDERS: antoine bibeau, curtis mcelhinney, garret sparks

VANCOUVER CANUCKS

FORWARDS: reid boucher, michael chaput, joseph cramarossa, derek dorsett, brendan gaunce, alexandre grenier, jayson megna, borna rendulic, anton rodin, drew shore, jack skille, michael zalewski

DEFENSEMEN: alex biega, philip larsen, tom nilsson, andrey pedan, luca sbisa

GOALTENDERS: richard bachman, ryan miller

WASHINGTON CAPITALS

FORWARDS: jay beagle, chris bourque, paul carey, brett connolly, stanislav galiev, tyler graovac, garrett mitchell, liam o’brien, t.j. oshie, zach sill, chandler stephenson, christian thomas, nathan walker, justin williams, daniel winnik

DEFENSEMEN: karl alzner, taylor chorney, cody corbett, darren dietz, christian djoos, tom gilbert, aaron ness, brooks orpik, nate schmidt, kevin shattenkirk

GOALTENDERS: pheonix copley, philipp grubauer

WINNIPEG JETS

FORWARDS: marko dano, quinton howden, scott kosmachuk, tomas kubalik, jc lipon, shawn matthias, ryan olsen, anthony peluso, chris thorburn

DEFENSEMEN: ben chiarot, toby enstrom, brenden kichton, julian melchiori, paul postma, brian strait, mark stuart

GOALTENDERS: michael hutchinson, ondrej pavelec

#hockey #it's so much easier to understand when you look at unprotected players rather than protected #mine #misc #nhl #nhl expansion #so much typing let me die in peace #vegas golden knights #welp here they are

19 notes · View notes

2020law486 · 4 years ago

Text

Session 2. Privacy Laws and Data Protection

Privacy and Data Protection

Privacy Rights and Interests

The law on Defamation and the Tort of Malicious Falsehood;

The Protection from Harassment Act;

The law on Breach of Confidence; and

The law on Trespass and Nuisance.

The Development of Privacy Laws in Europe and the United Kingdom

Concepts of Privacy in the United States

Intrusion upon seclusion or solitude, or into private affairs;

Public disclosure of embarrassing private facts;

Publicity which places a person in a false light in the public eye; and

Appropriation of name or likeness.

In some cases, the right to privacy is not only protected and enforced by civil rights of action but are reinforced by criminal law provisions.

Preparatory Instructions:

What are the types of privacy you can think of and how would you compartmentalise privacy-related laws under them?

What is the relationship between data protection and privacy; false and personal information and privacy; and personal image and privacy?

Is privacy a right or an interest and what is the difference? How does it relate to the development and treatment of data protection laws in different jurisdictions?

How has privacy as a right impacted on the way data protection laws developed in a region such as the European Union?

Primary Materials: (For Reference in Class Only)

Protection from Harassment Act (Cap. 256A) [PHA] amended as of 1 January 2020

Cases:

I-Admin (Singapore) Pte Ltd v Hong Ying Ting and others [2020] SGCA 32

Malcomson Nicholas Hugh Bertram and Another v Naresh Kumar Mehta [2001] SGHC 308

Lim Siong Khee v Public Prosecutor [2001] 2 SLR 342; [2001] SGHC 69

Required Readings:

Gilbert Leong et al., Protecting the Right of Publicity under the Personal Data Protection Act, in the PDP Digest 2017 at 293

References:

Chapter 16 – Protection of Privacy Interests in Tort in Gary Chan, The Law of Torts in Singapore (2ed Academy Publishing, 2015) [available in Course Reserves]

0 notes

kansascityhappenings · 6 years ago

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UMKC expected to hire Northwestern assistant as next men’s basketball coach

KANSAS CITY, Mo. — University of Missouri-Kansas City is expected to announce Billy Donlon as their new men’s basketball head coach.

He’ll replace Kareem Richardson, who was at the helm of the Kangaroos for the past six seasons. Richardson was fired earlier this month after a 75-118 record at UMKC.

Donlon was an assistant at Northwestern University and the year prior was an assistant at the University of Michigan.

The 42-year-old came to Michigan after spending a decade at Wright State, including the final six years as the program’s head coach. There, Donlon compiled a 109-94 record with three seasons of 20-plus wins and helped the Raiders reach the Horizon League Tournament title game three times.

Donlon went on to be named the Horizon League’s Coach of the Year in 2013, guiding the Raiders to a 10-win improvement. He also tied the school record with 23 wins and led the team to the No. 3 seed and a championship game appearance in the Horizon League Tournament as well as a semifinal appearance in the College Basketball Invitational.

He was also named a finalist for the Skip Prosser Man of the Year Award and the Hugh Durham Coach of the Year Award, given to the nation’s top mid-major coach.

UMKC is expected to make an official announcement on Friday morning.

from FOX 4 Kansas City WDAF-TV | News, Weather, Sports https://fox4kc.com/2019/03/26/umkc-expected-to-hire-northwestern-assistant-as-next-mens-basketball-coach/

from Kansas City Happenings https://kansascityhappenings.wordpress.com/2019/03/27/umkc-expected-to-hire-northwestern-assistant-as-next-mens-basketball-coach/

0 notes

queerwelsh · 6 years ago

Photo

Cofeb i Feirdd Mynydd Bach, yng Ngheredigion, de i Drefenter. Mae’r cofeb i feirdd o’r pentrefi cyfagos wnaeth cystadlu yn yr Eisteddfod:

J. M. Edwards 1903 - 1978. E. Prosser Rhys 1901 - 1945. T. Hughes Jones 1895 - 1966. B. T. Hopkins 1891 - 1981.

#mynydd bach #e. prosser rhys #cymru #ceredigion #hanes cymru #barddoniaeth cymru #eisteddfod #eisteddfod cenedlaethol #cymraeg #by m #pictures from the internet ~~~#a monument in Ceredigion near Trefenter to 4 local poets who competed in the national eisteddfod

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1baddmouthcrown · 6 years ago

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1800 March 11 Petion just about makes it out of Jacmel whilst hundreds of soldiers of his army are killed or captured by L’Ouvertures forces. L'Ouverture takes Jacmel. August Riguad flees on the French schooner La Diana to Guadeloupe.

Over 500 Trelawny Maroons are sent to Nova Scotia, Canada including John Jarret, Charles Samuel and his brother Captain Andrew Smith as well as Montague James.

Gabriel Prosser rebellion Richmond, Virginia.

Cuffe purchases a half interest in the 162 ton barque Hero.

1801 January L'Ouverture and HyacintheMoïse invade and take Santo Domingo from Governor, Don Garcia. March L'Ouverture constitution drafted by constitutional assembly appointed by Louverture. July 7 Louverture constitution is promulgated making him Governor General of Hispaniola. Article 3 of the constitution states: “There cannot exist slaves [in Saint-Domingue], servitude is therein forever abolished. All men are born, live and die free and French.October Louvertures nephew top general Moise leads rebellion. Dessalines.July Rigaud flees to France.

1802 January Napoleon Bonaparte troops brother in law General Charles Emmanuel Leclerc tries to land Cap-Français held off by Christophe, Vicomte de Rochambeau attacks Fort-Liberté. Christophe burns Cap Francais. February 2 Henry Christophe Le Cap. February 17 Leclerc issues proclamationGeneral Toussaint and General Christophe are outlawed; all citizens are ordered to hunt them down, and treat them as rebels against the French republic. February 23 Leclerc 4 French columns march on Gonaives, Rochambeau’s column battle at Ravine a Coaleuvres/Snake Gully towards Lauroix with Louverture’s army. March 11 Dessalines and his 1,300 men defend the British built Crete a Pierrotfort, east of Saint Marc on the valley of the Artibonite River against 18,000 attackers, Dessalines waves torch open powder keg threatening to blow up the fort if the French break through. March 12 Jean Boudet and his column ambushed by Dessalines forces as they try to cross the ditch dug by the Hatians. General Charles Dugua’s column followed by Leclerc’s column fail their attempts in trying to cross the ditch. March 22 300 French die in another attempt to take the fort. March 24 Dessalines retreats, General Dugua falls in battle, Leclerc wounded. Rochambeau column try to cross the ditch, the siege ends after 20 days. May 6 L'Ouverture meets to treat with Leclerc at Cap-Français. May 22 L’Ouverture fails to instruct a local rebel to lay down his arms per the recent ceasefire agreement, Dessalines writes to Leclerc, Jean Baptiste Brunet. June 7 Louverture is captured. July 2 Louverture arrives in France. 10, 000 French are lost to yellow fever. August 25 L'Ouverture deported to France jail Fort-de-Joux in the Doubs. Dessalines becomes governor of Saint-Marc. September Leclerc dairy 8, 000 men left. October Dessalines and Petion switch their allegiance and fight against the French. Leclerc orders all blacks at Le Cap to be drowned in the harbour. November Leclerc dies of yellow fever. Vicomte de Rochambeau imports about 15, 000 attack dogs, at the Bay of Le Cap, has blacks drowned. gases with Sulphur Dioxide by burning Sulphur.

1803 April 7 L'Ouverture dies in prison from ill health.France and Britain war.May 18 The British Royal Navy dispatch squadron under Sir John Duckworth from Jamaica. June 28 Squadron French convoy from Les Cayes off Mole Saint Nicolas capture one ship with the other escaping. June 30 French frigate chased and captured. July 24 A British squadron intercepts French squadron from Cap Francais trying to break past blockade to France.October 8 French abandon Port au Prince, Mole Saint Nicolas held by Noailles and Cap Francais. November 3 The frigate HMS Blanche captures supply schooner near Cap Francais. November 16 Dessalines attacks French blockhouses outside of Le Cap.November 18 Dessalines and Pétion forces attack the fort of Vertières, south of Cap Francais/Cap Hatien in the Department du Nord, held by Rochambeau, near Cap-Français in the north, the Hatians position their guns at Fort Breda, Clervaux fires the first shot. Francois Capois on his horse leads four advances whilst the whilst under fire, on the fourth advance his horse is shot and falls, Capois gets up, draws his sword and runs towards with the French ceasing fire, a staff officer "General Rochambeau sends compliments to the general who has just covered himself with such glory!"salutes the Haitians. Rochambeau sends Duveyrier to Dessalines to agree the to terms of French surrender, Dessalines gives Rochambeau 10 days to round up his army and leave. November 30 8, 000 French soldiers and board the British ships, one of Rochambeau’s ships almost leaving the harbour, saved by a British lieutenant. December Bonaparte army surrender its last territory to Dessalines.December 3 General Louis de Noailles at Mole Saint Nicolas.

1804 January 1 Dessalines from Gonaives declares independence and renames Saint Domingue “Ayiti” after the indigenous Taíno/Arawak name. February to April 22 Haiti Massacre.September 22 proclaimed Emperor by Generals of the Haitian Revolution Army. 6 OctoberDessalines is crowned Emperor Jacques I in a coronation ceremony on in the city of Le Cap.

1805 Dessalines and Christophe capture Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) from French, invade and loots the towns of Azau and Moca, in Santiago according to witness barrister Gasparde Arredondo y Pichardo, at Moca church 40 children beheaded and the bodies found at the Presbytery the space that encircles the church alter.

1806 March 26 Christophe Kingdom North. April 6 Christophe takes all male prisoners to the cemetery and slits their throats including Presbyter Vasquez and 20 other priests. October 16 General Nicolas Geffrard commander in the south, minister of war and Navy Etienne Elie Gerin, Alexander Petion, commander in chief of the second division in the west sign Resistance to Oppression proclamation. October 17 Dessalines is assassinated at Pontianarge Pont Rouge north of the capital of Port au Prince.

Baumfree at nine years old is sold at an auction with a flock of sheep for $100 to John Neely near Kingston, New York.

1806

Cuffe's largest ship, the 268 ton Alpha and his favorite ship, the 109 ton traveler are built.

An engraving of Jean-Jacques Dessalines. It depicts the general, sword raised in one arm, while the other holds a severed head of a white woman.

1807 February 17 Christophe is elected President of the state of Haiti Republic in the south.

1808 Baumfree is sold for $105 Martinus Schgver of Port Ewen.

1810 Baumfree is sold to John Dumont.

The African Institution ask the British Government for a land grant in Sierra Leone for Cuffs.

1811 March Cuffs arrives in Freetown, Sierra Leone.

April Cuffe meets with Black merchants including John Kizele.

April 1 Christophe is crowned by Corneil Breuil archbishop of Milot as Henry by the grace of God and constitutional law of the state, King of Haiti, Sovereign of Tortuga, Gonâve, and other adjacent islands, Destroyer of tyranny, Regenerator and Benefactor of the Haitian nation, Creator of her moral, political, and martial institutions, First crowned monarch of the New World, Defender of the faith, Founder of the Royal Military Order of Saint Henry.

Louisiana German Coast revolt.

1812 Martin Robert Delany is born in Charles Town, Virginia.

Cuffs takes his favorite ship, the traveler into Liverpool, the Times of London reports that this is likely the first vessel.

1815 Baumfree gives birth to her second child, her first daughter Diana.

Cuffs arrives with immigrants at Sherbrooke Island is present day Sierra Leone.

1816 The American Colonization Society established at the Davis Hotel in Washington D.C., mainly by the effort of Charles Fenton Mercer as well as John Caldwell and the Presbyterian minister Robert Finley.

1819 Mulatto leader Jean Pierre Boyer sends 6 regiments to Grande Anse dislodge Goman shot off 1, 000 foot high cliff.

1818 Frederick Douglass is born on the Eastern Shore of the Chesapeake Bay in Talbot County, Maryland.

1820 Christophe commits suicide. Boyer marches with 20, 000 troops into Cap Hatien the Northern capital.

Reverend Daniel Coker and Reverend Samuel Bacon sail to Liberia on the Elizabeth with 88 emigrants. Sierra Leone Reverend Bacon King Jack Ben of Grand Bassa secured tract of land Cape Mesurado named Monrovia after President James Monroe.

Of the 4, 571 emigrants who arrived between 1820 and 1843 only 1, 819 of them survived.

1822 In the state of Virginia where education of blacks is prohibited, The New York Primer and Spelling Book Delany and his siblings used to learn how to read and write, given to them by a peddler, is discovered and Delanys mother Pati moves their family to Chambersbury in the free state of Pennsylvania.

The immigrants brought to Sherbrooke island by Cuffe are taken to Cape Mersurado by another ship, in Mersurado they establish the city of Christopolis.

1824

The city of Christopolis is renamed Monrovia after President James Monroe.

Douglass is separated from his Grandmother moved to the Wye House plantation.

1825 King Peter and other Kings sign a treaty with Ashmun granting them land and are given 3 barrels of rum, 5 caskets.

1826 Truth escape from slavery with her infant daughter Sophia born in the same year.

1828 Truth, after court proceedings, is reunited with her five year old son Peter illegally sold by Dumont in Alabama.

1829 Truth moves to New York City with her son Peter and becomes house keeper for Christian Evangelist Elijah Pierson.

1830 Douglass’s master’s Wife Sophia begins to teach him the alphabet, her Husband Hugh Auld however disapproves of the slave being made literate, being educated and gaining an understanding of what it means to be an equal, Sophia, also later snatches a newspaper from Douglass.

Douglass learns to read from white children in his neighbourhood and from observing the writings of men he works with. with this Douglass’s reading is greatly increased.

Douglass after being hired begins to teach large numbers of other slaves from the plantation to read the New Testament at weekly Sunday school.

1831 Delany at the age of 19 moves West to Pittsburgh where he works as a barber and labourer.

December 25 SamSharpe owned by Samuel Sharpe Equire Attorney, enslaved on both the Croydon Plantation and in Montego Bay, Saint James where he is a Baptist deacon in the church of Thomas Burchell, leads a strike which turns into a rebellion of 60, 000 slaves from the parishes of St. James, Trelawny and Westmoreland. British forces suppress the rebellion under Sir Willoughby Cotton. 500 slaves are killed, 207 during the rebellion and 310- 340 executed, according to the account by Henry Belby three or four were executed at a time. Burchell, born on Christmas day is buried in the Abney Park cemetery in Stoke Newington, London. 1832 March The Jamaica Assembly estimated property damage of 1, 154, 589/£52, 000, 000.

August 21 Nat Turner leads a rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia.

1832 Delany during the National cholera epidemic becomes an apprentice to Dr. Andrew N. Mc Dowell, learns fire cupping and leeching techniques, and also studies with abolitionist doctors such as Dr. F. Julius LeMoyne and Dr. Joseph P. Gazzam of Pittsburgh.

August 3 Edward Wilmot Blyden is born in in St Thomas, Danish West Indies (present day US Virgin Islands).

Truth meets Robert Matthews/Prophet Matthias and begins working for him as a house keeper at Matthias Kingdom communal colony.

1833 Douglass is taken back from Hugh Auld by his brother Thomas Auld and sent to Edward Covey.

1834 August 1st Emancipation Proclamation.

Elijah Pierson dies of poisoning, Matthew and Baumfree are accused of stealing from and poisoning him.

1835 Delany attends the National Negro Convention in Philadelphia.

1837 Douglass meets Anna Murray.

1838 September 3 Douglass escapes from slavery in under 24 hours train Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad from reaches Havre de Grace, Maryland, in Harford County crossed Susquehanna River to Perryvile in Cecil County steam ferry and takes the train to Wilmington, Delaware port steamboat Delaware River to Quaker City" of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania abolitionist David Ruggles in New York City.

1839 Douglass becomes a licensed preacher.

September 15 Douglass marries Anna and settles in New Bedford Massachusetts.

Truths son Peter whaling ship Zone of Nantucket.

Kassa Hailu’s (Emperor Tewodros II) half brother in whos army he served passes away, Empress Menen of Gondar takes Qwara district in the province of Dembiya Ye ma Qemas, Hailu assembles his army in Qwara and becomes Dejazmatch,marriesTawabachRas Ali Begemdersdaughter.

1840 Douglas makes his speech at ElmiraUnderground Railroad station in New York.

1841 August 9 Douglass William Lyod Garrison at the Bristol Anti-Slavery Society. New Bedford, Massachusetts.

August 11 Douglass speaks at the annual convention of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society in Nantucket.

Frederick and Anna move to Lynn, Massachusetts.

September Douglass refuses to sit in segregated railway coach on Eastern Railroad train at Lynn Central Square Station and is thrown off with his friend.

1842 Blyden moves to Porto Bello, Venezuela.

Truth son Peter not on board Zone of Nantucket ship three letters from him in the third he had sent five and that he had never received any of her letters.

1843 Delany begins publishing The Mystery black newspaper, his articles and writings reprinted in William Lloyd Garrisons The Liberator and also meets and marries Catherine A. Richards Pittsburgh.

Douglass American Anti-Slavery Society’s “Hundred Conventions” project, a six-month tour of Eastern and Mid Western states.

In Pendleton, Indiana Douglas attacked by mob and suffers broken hand which he never fully recovers from.Falls Park Pendleton Historical District.

Isabella Baumfree gives herself the name Sojourner Truth and becomes a Methodist and begins attending Millerite Adventist meetings.

1844 Truth joins the North Hampton Association of Education and Industry in Northampton, Massachusetts meets William Lyod Garrison and Frederick Douglass as well as David Ruggles. North Hampton camp meeting.

1845 June 14 Jose Antonio y Grajales is born in the town of San Luis in the province of Oriente, Santiago de Cuba.

August 16 Douglas sails on the Cambria for Liverpool, travels to Ireland and Great Britain, meets Irish nationalist Daniel O’ Connell as well as British abolitionist Thomas Clarkson.

October 9 Douglass makes speech at Waterford Hall in Ireland. 2013 October 7.

Autobiography Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass.

Douglass makes speech at Imperial Hotel in Cork, Ireland. 2012 August 31.

Kassa becomes Dejazmatch of Qwara marries Tewaback daughter of Ras Ali of Begemder.

Truth joins house of Garrisons brother in law George Benson.

Blyden Reverend John P Knox Pastor of Saint Thomas Protestant Dutch.

1846 Delany sued $650 for libel against a African American Fiddler Johnson who he accused in The Mystery newspaper of being a slave catcher.

May Douglass delivers his London Reception Speech at Alexander Fletchers Finsbury Chapel.

Douglass meets British abolitionist Thomas Clarkson.

October Hailu attacks the city of Demba south of Gondar.

1847 Delany meets Douglass and Lloyd Garrison whilst they are in Pittsburgh on an anti-slavery and helps to put together Douglass’s first abolitionist newspaper the North Star, printed from the basement of the Memorial African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church in Rochester, New York.

Delanys eulogy for Rev. Fayette Davis widely redistributed.

Delany recruits for the Union Army. His son TouissantLouverture Delany serves with the 54th regiment.

January Hailu occupies Gondar Menen sends army after him north of Lake TanaHailu takes her prisoner, her son Ras Ali of Begemder gives Hailu all land west and north of lake Tana, Hailu releases his mother.

1848 July Delanys in the North Star that U.S. District Court Justice John McLean instructed the jury in the Crosswait trial to make it a punishable offence for a citizen to thwart those trying to “repossess” an alleged runaway slave, and as a result influences abolitionist Salmon P. Chase to remove McLean as a candidate of the Free Soil Party for the Presidency.

September Douglass writes open letter to his old master Thomas Auld.

Douglass is the only African American to attend the Senecca Falls convention, Elizabeth Cady Stanton resolution for Womens suffrage first refused then passed. James and Lucretia Mott 15th Amendment.

1849 Truth visits Dumont.

1850 Douglass attends the Fugitive Slave Law Convention in Cazenovia, New York with Mary Edmonson, Abolitionist Gerrit Smith and Emily Edmonson.

Delany becomes one of the first of three black men to attend Harvard Medical School but is dismissed on account of race complaint from white students within three weeks.

Blyden with Knox wife to enroll Rutgers Theological College. Blyden emigrates to Liberia at the age of 18.

Truths autobiography the Narrative of Sojourner Truth; A Northern Slave is published by WilliamLyod Garrison.

“SWEET is the virgin honey, though the wild bee store it in a reed; And bright the jewelled band that circleth an Ethiop’s arm; Pure are the grains of gold in the turbid stream of the Ganges; And fair the living flowers that spring from the dull cold sod. Wherefore, thou gentle student, bend thine ear to my speech, For I also am as thou art; our hearts can commune together: To meanest matters will I stoop, for mean is the lot of mortal; I will rise to noblest themes, for the soul hath a heritage of glory.”

Truth also purchases house Northampton village of Florence for $300 and speaks at the first National Womens Convention in Worcester, Massachusetts. George Thompson.

1851 Douglass the North Star with Gerrit Smith’s Liberty Party Paper to form Frederick Douglass’ Paper ceased 1860.

Truth lecture tour of central and western New York.

May Truth speaks attends Ohio Womens Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio organised by Hannah Tracy and Frances Dana Barker Gage, where she delivers her Am I not a Woman speech.

After 42 years at St. Paul Street and Central Avenue, and mostly because of the endless railroad traffic nearby, the monument had become “grimy and sooty.” And so a committee was formed, and a decision was made to move the monument to Highland Park. The place in the park for the statue was within a few hundred yards of where Douglass had once lived, on South Avenue. Not exactly the apex of city life, but away from the grime of the trains.

And so today the statue stands, as it has for 75 years, in the park. It was rededicated on September 4th, 1941.

1852 July 5 Douglass’s makes his What to the slave is the fourth of July? address to the ladies of the Rochester Anti-Slavery Sewing Society at Corinthian Hall, Rochester. It is admitted in the fact that southern statute books are covered with enactments forbidding under severe fines and penalties the teaching of the slave to read or write.

Delany being discriminated against and on account of African Americans not being elevated to such positions, publishes his The Condition, Elevation, Emigration and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States, Politically Considered.

1852 Kassa rebels against Menen defeating Ras Ali at in GurAmabo, Takusa, Ayshal, and AmbaJebelli and captures Menen at Ayshal with Ali fleeing.

1853 Douglass attends the National African American Convention in Rochester.

September 7 Truth speaks at suffragist “mob convention” at the Broadway Tabernacle in New York City.

Kassa Dejazmatch Wube Haile Maryom and disposes Emperor Yohannes III.

1854 Delany publishes The Origins and Objects of Ancient Freemasonry: Its Introduction into the United States and Legitimacy among Colored Men.

Delany, during Cholera outbreak stays behind in Pittsburgh to treat patients whilst many leave the city.

August Dealany leads the National Emigration Convention in Cleveland, Ohio

and publishes his “Political Destiny of the Colored Race on the American Continent”.

1855 11 February Kassa crowned Emperor by AbunaSalama III in the church of Derasge Maryam after defeating DejazmatchWube Haile Maryam of Semien.

1856 Delany moves his family to Chatham, Ontario, Canada.

Truth speaks to “Friends of Human Progress” at Battle Creek, Michigan.

Booker Taliaferro Washintong is born in Southwest Virginia.

Blyden edits the Liberia Herald and writes the column “A Voice From Bleeding Africa.

1859 Delany publishes parts of Blake: Or The Huts of America in response to Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin, in which he criticises for inaccurately portraying the slaves as too passive although for cruelty of Southern slave owners the first half of part one serialised in The Anglo-African Magazine between January to July.

March 12 Douglass meets up with John Brown and George de Baptiste William Webs house in Detroit.

May Delany sails from New York to Liberia, signs treaty chiefs in the Abeokuta region for settlers to live on so long as they can.

October 16 John Brown raid Harpers Ferry federal armoury Virginia.

1860 Delany leaves Liberia for England where he is honoured by the International Statistical Congress, and returns to America the same year.

April Douglass travels to England, whilst there his youngest daughter

May Douglass sails back to via Canada.

1861 Delanys second part of part one series published in Weekly Anglo African Magazine prepares Abeokuta abandon abolition

Blyden becomes professor of Greek and Latin at Liberia College remains until 1864 and becomes Liberian Secretary of State.

Maceo begins working for his Father, Marcos Maceo who fought for the Spainish under Simon Bolivar and Jose Antonio Paez.

1862 Blyden becomes Liberian Secretary of State.

February Hailu defeats Tedla Gualu and orders 7, 000 prisoners to be killed.

May Truths speech Ohio Womens Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio is published by one of two organisers of the Convention Frances Dana Barker Gage.

1863 January 1 Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect, declaring the freedom of all slaves in Confederate-held territory.

Douglass described the spirit of those awaiting the proclamation: “We were waiting and listening as for a bolt from the sky … we were watching … by the dim light of the stars for the dawn of a new day … we were longing for the answer to the agonizing prayers of centuries.”

When he was nine, Booker and his family in Virginia gained freedom under the Emancipation Proclamation as US troops occupied their region. Booker was thrilled by the formal day of their emancipation in early 1865:

As the great day drew nearer, there was more singing in the slave quarters than usual. It was bolder, had more ring, and lasted later into the night. Most of the verses of the plantation songs had some reference to freedom… Some man who seemed to be a stranger (a United States officer, I presume) made a little speech and then read a rather long paper—the Emancipation Proclamation, I think. After the reading we were told that we were all free, and could go when and where we pleased. My mother, who was standing by my side, leaned over and kissed her children, while tears of joy ran down her cheeks. She explained to us what it all meant, that this was the day for which she had been so long praying, but fearing that she would never live to see.

Delany begins recruiting black men for the Union Army Rhode Island, Connecticut and Ohio raising thousands of enlistees many joining the new United States Coloured Troops, his son serving in the 54th regiment, writes to secretary of war Edwin Stanton

179, 000 black men enlisting in the U.S. Coloured Troops making up almost 10% of those serving in the Union army.

Douglass’s son Lewis fights at the Battle of Fort Wagner.

Hailu takes British missionary Rev. Henry Stern as prisoner.

1864 Truth employed by the National Freedman’s Relief Association in Washington, D.C.

October Truth meets President Abraham Lincoln.

Douglass supports candidate of the abolitionist Radical Democracy Party John Freemont in the U.S. Presidential Election.

1865 February Delany meets Abraham Lincoln. Corps of black men led by black officers to blacks in the south.

Delany becomes the first black line field officer in the U.S. Army as well as the only black officer to receive commission of the highest rank of Major during the Civil War.

April 14 Delany invited to the War Department ceremony in Charleston, South Carolina, attending with Robert Vesey son of hanged black abolitionist, Denmark Vesey in ship named the Planter former slave Robert Smalls, Major Genral Robert Anderson Fort Sumter 1861, abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison Senator Warner speak, Massachusetts Senator Henry Wilson and abolitionist Henry Ward Beecher.

April 15 President Lincoln assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.

Delany letter raises fund for Lincoln memorial.

Delany serves under General Rufus Saxton in the 52nd U.S. Colored Troops and is later transferred to the Freedman Bureau in Hilton Head. Freedman Bureau and resigns from the army.

Truth works in Freedman’s Hospital in Washington.

July 1 Sahle Maryam Emperor Menelik II escapes from Magdala.

October 7 James Geoghegon creates a disturbance in Morant Bay court house during the trail of a man sentenced and convicted for trespassing on an inactive sugar plantation, the police try to arrest Geoghegon, beat two officers with sticks and stones, the court house issues a warrant for those including Bogle.

October 11 Bogle leads hundreds to the court house, as they approach Cleave to black the confrontation between the militia begins with attacking the militia with sticks and stones, the militia shoot and kill 25 people dead, the parish goes into a state of unrest, Eyre declares martial law and sends government troops led by Brigadier General Alexander Nelson to bring Bogle and to the court to be tried and convicted, the militia kill innocent men, women and children 439 dead and arrest 354 tried and executed, flogged and sentenced, the soldiers also burn thousands of homes, Eyre has Gordon who he believes to have made the matter worse arrested in Kingston and brought to Morant Bay where he is tried under martial law, convicted and executed.

December 6 (Slaves in Union-held areas and Northern states are freed with the adoption of the 13th Amendment.

1867 May 9-10 Truth speaks at the American Equal Rights Association and moves from Battle Creek to Harmonia.

1868 February William Edward Burghardt Du Bois is born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts.

Douglass supports the U.S. Presidential campaign of Ulysses S Grant.

April 10 plain Arogye plateau of Magdala.

April 13 Easter Monday storm the Gate of Magdala, Tewodros II commits suicide with a duelling pistol given to him as a gift from Queen Victoria by Consul Cameron.

Truth travels to Western New York and visits Amy Post and travels the East coast, speaks at Florence, Massachusetts.

October 10 Carlos Manuel de Cespedes leads the El grito de Yara (Cry of Yara) revolt against the Spanish beginning the Ten Years War in Cuba.

Antonio Maceo at age 23 with his Father and brothers enlist as private in the the Ten Years War.

Magdala, Ethiopia expedition.

August Dillman and the Bavarian Academy publish The Book of the Glory of Kings.

1869 March Maceo promoted to Commander/Major and weeks after to Lieutenant Colonel.

1870 Douglass begins printing his last newspaper, the New National Era.

Truth land grants from the federal government for emancipated.

Maceo begins Brigader General.

Love serves as 1st Most Worshipful Grand Master of Prince Hall Freemasonry 1870-1872 in the Most Worshipful Sovereign Grand Lodge of Florida and in the Most Worshipful Sovereign Grand Lodge of Georgia 1873-1875.

1871 January 1 Truth speaks at the Eighth Anniversary of Negro Freedom as well as at the Second Annual Convention of the American Woman Suffrage Association in Boston.

Douglas congressionally sponsored commission President Grant annexation of Santo Domingo African American south congress Senator Charles Sumner.

Delany land and brokerage business black cotton farmers develop.

1872 Douglass becomes the first African American nominated as Vice President of the United States as Victoria Woodhull’s running mate on the Equal Rights Party ticket without his knowledge, not having campaign and Presidential elector for the state of New York takes the state votes to Washington D.C.

1874 Delany runs as an Independent Republican for Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina (with John T. Green as the gubernatorial candidate). Former Republican Governor Franklin Moses Jr. loose ticket to Republican Attorney Daniel H. Chamberlain.

March Douglas becomes President of Freeman Saving bank.

June 29 The Freeman Saving Bank goes bankrupt.

1875 Delany charged with defrauding a church forcing him to resign from his position Trail Justice serves jail sentence pardoned by the Republican Governor with the intervention of Wade Hampton.

1876 Delany supports Hampton as the Democratic candidate in the gubernatorial election paramilitary group Red Shirts White League military arm of the Democratic Party suppress Black voting at polls more than 150 Black’s killed by rifle clubs 20, 000 white men.

April 14 Douglass delivers speech at the unveiling of the Emancipation Memorial in Lincoln Park, Washingotn.

1877 Delany becomes chairman of the Charleston, South Carolina Liberian Exodus Joint Steamship Company finance committee. The Liberian Exodus Joint Steamship Company purchase the 400 ton Azor. The federal government withdraw troops from the south and Governor Chamberlain leaves the state.

Douglass visits Thomas Auld and purchases his CedarHill house Anacosta River in Washington.

1878 Liberian Exodus Joint Steamship Company make the voyage Charleston to Monrovia led by Harrison N. Bouey.

Booker T Washington attends Wayland Seminary in Washington D. C.

Henrietta Vinton Davis becomes first African American Woman to employed by the office of the recorder of deeds in Washington D.C.

March 15 Maceo meets with General Martinez Campesy Anton Pact of Zanjon/Protest of Baraqua with offering amnesty for Revolutionaries.

1879 Maceo and General Calixto Garcia Iniguez plan invasion of Cuba from New York, Maceo sends Calixto Garcia as highest commander Little War.

1880 Blyden serves as President of Liberia College until 1884.

1881 Hampton Institute President Samuel C Armstrong Washington made Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute first leader.

Douglass publishes his final edition of his biography The Life and Times of Frederick Douglass and becomes recorder of deeds for the District of Columbia.

1882 Anna Douglas passes away.

Washington marries Fannie N. Smith his first wife.

1883 April 25 Newspaper Advertisement announcing the debut performance of Henrietta Vinton Davis at Marini’s Hall in Washington DC. Assisted by Miss Blanche Washington the talented musician introduction by Hon. Fred. Douglass..

1884 Douglass marries the daughter of abolitionist Gideon Pitts Jr suffragist and abolitionist Helen Pitts.

Davis performs as Lady MacBeth with PowhatonBeaty at Fords Opera House in Washington.

Love migrates to Jamaica.

Berlin Conference German chancellor Otto von Bismarck.

1885 January 24 Delany dies of tuberculosis in Wilberforce, Ohio.

WEB Du Bois attends Fisk University Nashville, Tennessee receives bachelor degree.

Blyden presidential election for the Republican Party loses to Hilary R.W. Johnson.

1886 Douglass and Helen travel to England, Ireland, France, Italy, Egypt and Greece.

1887 Blyden publishes his Christianity, Isalm and the Negro Race.

King JaJa of Opobo is exiled in Saint Vincent.

1888 Douglass becomes the first African American to receive vote for President.

Du Bois attends Harvard University until 1890.

1889 Douglass is appointed U. S. minister resident and Consul General to Republic of Haiti and charge d'affaires for Santo Domingo by President Harrison.

Love moves to Jamaica where he starts the Jamaica Advocate newspaper.

1890 Du Bois awarded his second bachelor degree, cum laude, in history by Harvard.

1891 Du Bois receives scholarship to attend sociology graduate school at Harvard.

1892 Douglass place at Fells point, Baltimore was constructed as rental housing for African Americans.

Douglass attends the Indianapolis conference convened by Bishop Henry McNeal Turner.

Du Bois receives from John F. Slater Fund to attend University of Berlin for graduate work studies with Germans top social scientists such as Gustav von Schmoller, Adolph Wagner, and Heinrich von Treitschke.

1893 Douglass made co commissioner of Haitian pavilion at Worlds Colombian Exposition in Chicago.

Washington marries Margaret James Murray his second wife.

1894 Du Bois begins work as a teacher at Wilberforce University in Ohio.

1895 Du Bois becomes the first African American to receive a PhD from Harvard University.

Douglass attends the National Council of Women in Washington D. C. and dies in the same year of a heart attack.

Delegate of the Cuban Revolutionary Party Jose Marti writes to Maceo the Necessary War, Maceo Maximo Gomez highest in command. Maceo in Costa Rica faces assassination attempt by Spanish at the exit of theatre one of the attackers. Maceo with Officer Flor Crombet Baracoa eastern Cuba, manages to gather small contingent additional from Santiago de Cuba, Marti falls in battle in Dos Ríos (confluence between the rivers Contramaestre and Cauto).

Bishop Henry Mc. Turner receives James Mata Dwane, of South Africa along with H. B. Parks, and J. S. Flipper. Turner was also an advocate for repatriation for African Americans to Liberia and was responsible for two ships with 500 emigrants sailing to there in 1895 and 1896.

Maceo Jose Marti.

Washington makes his Atlanta Compromise Address approach to rights of African Americans.

James Mata Dwane South African Methodist Minister who left the Methodist Church to join the Ethiopian Church of MangenaMokone in 1896, founder of the Order of Ethiopia in the Anglican Church.

1896 First Italo Ethiopia war.

Du Bois becomes a sociological field researcher at the University of Pennsylvania, marries Nine Gomer a student at Wilberforce University.

Washington receives honorary masters degree from Howard University.

Maceo Lieutenant General second in command after Gomez General in Chief.

Maceo and Gomez commanding two mambises columns invade the west of Cuba from Mangos de Baragua in front of Martinez Campos cover horseback and by foot 1000 miles in 96 days.

Maceo Spanish forces in Havana and Pinar del Rio.

October Maceo arrives at Mantua in the western extreme of Cuba after fighting the Spanish in Havana and Pinar del Rio.

December 7 Maceo is shot, hit in the chest also suffering a broken jaw and penetrated skull from another shot, Gomez’s son Lieutenant Francisco Gomez faces column guarding Maceos body, is shot, struck with machetes and falls.

1897 Du Bois takes part in the American Negro Academy.

July Du Bois takes professorship in history and economics at the Atlanta University in Georgia.

August Du Bois’s Strivings of the Negro People is published in the Atlantic monthly.

1899 Du Bois publishes his sociological study The Philadelphia Negro which was the first of its kind from the field research he conducted whilst in Pennsylvania University in.

Du Bois on his way to meet Atlanta Constitution editor Joel Chandler Harris about Sam Hose who was tortured, burnt and lynched for killing his landlord in an act of self defence turns back after being informed Hose knuckles were for sale a grocery store further down on the very Street (Mitchell Street) he was walking on.

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spryfilm · 7 years ago

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“Hinterland” (2013 – 2016)

Television/Action/Thriller

25 Episodes

Featuring: Richard Harrington, Mali Harries, Alex Harries, Hannah Daniel, Aneirin Hughes

If you have not heard of the television show “Hinterland”(2013 – 2016) then you have been missing out on a real treat, that, if you are a fan of dark, moody, nourish police dramas this will suit you down to the ground. The general conceit is not only different (for UK based shows) but also adds another layer to a format that lives and dies on differences that make them unique. The highly original aspect is that half of the show is in spoken English (with Welsh subtitles) and the other half is in spoken Welsh (with English subtitles) – which gives the show and immediate feel you will be hard pressed to discover in many other English television shows.

Even the title of the show is subtitles in Welsh; it is called Y Gwyll in Welsh (the translation for this is ‘The Dusk’) retitled “Hinterland” for English audiences.

The series first broadcast in 2013 was made up of four stories, each a two-parter; the 2015 series was the same but with a New Years Special; with the latest series in 2016 reverting back to the same format as 2013.

Even though the show can be seen as a procedural there is a main thread that runs through each story which is DCI Tom Mathias, who is on the run from his London past – there is no doubt that his inner workings which are somber also reveal a brilliant but troubled man, who continually isolates himself on the outskirts of a town that from the first episode indicate that they are filled with secrets as dark and destructive as his own.

It is simplistic to say that is a neo noir crime story set in modern times as Wales does add a layer that could be compared to the under layer that existed in post World War II America. If you look at some of the plot descriptions you get a feel for how the locale is portrayed not only through the people but the geography is important as is the climate that is in start contrast to the Noir of Los Angeles of the classic noir period. Of course the show is built around the central character of Tom Mathias who is as anti hero as ever there was, he is not a PI but at times he is not far removed from a hard boiled character. Instead of having been through the war or seen some horrors as a cop he has had some personal losses that inform not only his personality but the way he interacts with his colleagues, the families of victims, suspects as well as the guilty.

Of course it would not be much of a show if Mathias did not start to grow or find some closure, release and get to a place where he started to move forward – which can be something that happens in noir-ish stories.

Other aspects of the show that are integral to its difference is the location, set in Wales, that has been largely unknown, in particular the semi rural landscape which looks incredible, adding an aspect that is in stark contrast to other procedurals. That is not to say that the rural aspect is unique or new, because it most definitely isn’t – the difference is that those shows will show a quirky, fun or unusual type of local person, this program reflects a more hard boiled, hidden personality that struggles with reflecting what people actually are like and not what they are perceived as.

This, like many other UK based police shows are a slow burn normally over a period of an hour and a half which means that you go through many story points as well as emotional points on the way to the conclusion which is normally quite a way from the beginning of the story arc. This of course has become a trope within this genre, but “Hinterland” does offer something more as well as unique, that is the central character of Mathias who as we move through the series becomes a more whole individual than he is at the outset.

Overall I would recommend this highly and once again with a box set just released beg to be binged over a long weekend. This is at times a dark show but always has some positive point of view, mainly from the work mates of Mathias.

“Hinterland” is out now on DVD.

Series 1 (2013)

Devils Brigade – On his first day in his new job in Aberystwyth, DCI Tom Mathias is called out to investigate a suspicious disappearance. In a quiet seaside bungalow, he discovers a bathroom covered in blood but no sign of the resident owner, Helen Jenkins. Discovering that Jenkins was once the manager of a children’s home, DCI Mathias and DI Mared Rhys venture up into the mountains, where DCI Mathias uncovers evidence which suggests Helen has been thrown from the parapet at Devil’s Bridge into the water below.

Night Music – DCI Mathias investigates the brutal murder of 69-year-old Idris Williams, who was found bludgeoned to death in his farmhouse on the Aberystwyth mountains. Despite the lack of an apparent motive for the attack, the disappearance of camera equipment and one picture from the victim’s dark room suggest that whilst photographing the local landscape, Williams pictured something that nobody wanted him to see.

Penwyllt – In the isolated village of Penwyllt, the body of a young labourer, Michael Reynolds, is found in the murky depths of a quarry lake. Initial forensics reveal that Reynolds did not drown where he was found, as water samples found in his lungs contain traces of sheep urine and faeces. As the investigation draws DCI Mathias into the heart of the close-knit community, he discovers that Reynolds was having an affair with the wife of the local pub landlord, and was taking the son of one of his co-workers deep into the forest to visit an hermetic villager, who some years previously had torched his own home and nearly killed his estranged wife and two children.

The Girl in the Water – The carefully posed body of a young woman in a red dress is found in Borth Initial suspicion points towards an ex-boyfriend, who was assaulted by the girl’s father shortly before the girl died, and whose alibi is false. However, Mathias soon discovers the girl was also romantically involved with her university professor, who had tried to end their relationship on the night she died. As Mathias begins to grow close to the girl’s grieving mother, he realizes the investigation has missed one key suspect.

Series 2 (2015)

In the Dead of Night – With blood on his hands, and his future hanging in the balance, DCI Mathias is forced to return to the front line after an arson attack on an isolated farmhouse leaves a mother and child fighting for their lives. Drawn into a community of failing farms and long-standing feuds, what is it about the case that draws Mathias in, pulling him back from the brink?

Ceredigion – Mathias finds that his world has been turned upside down after his wife Meg turns up in Aberystwyth, and an investigation by the IPCC into his conduct is about to reach its conclusion.

The Tale of Nant Gwrtheyrn – The murder of a local dignitary and barrister leads to the uncovering of a tragic story of love and loss, fueled by distrust and suspicion in the depths of the hinterland.

Dark River – The discovery of a body in a lake leads to an investigation about a local teacher from a small rural school.

The Sound of Souls – A burnt body on the dunes embroils the team in a long-standing family feud associated with the murder of a young mother, 13 years earlier.

Series 3 (2016)

Aftermath – The murder of local minister Elwyn Jones leads a recovering DCI Mathias and his team deep into the secrets of a small farming village in rural Aberystwyth. Meanwhile, DS Owens leads the investigation into the attack on Mathias, and suspects that Iwan Thomas is more than likely responsible.

A Poacher’s Discovery – Following the disappearance of Iwan Thomas, Prosser decides to distance himself from the case by pointing the finger of suspicion at Mathias. Meanwhile, the murder of a curator who is found buried in woodland leads Mathias and the team into the seedy history of a local artist, Lewis John, until he provides a solid alibi for the night of the murder.

Both Barrels – A shooting at a rural petrol station leads Mathias and the team in search of a schizophrenic man who later resorts to kidnapping his own son.

Return to Pontarfynach – The suicide of convicted murder Caitrin John gives Mathias a surprising new lead into the suspicious death of Iwan Thomas. With Powell having closed the case following pressure from on high, Mathias seeks Mared’s help to run a private investigation.

“Hinterland” is out now on DVD.

DVD review: “Hinterland”(2013 – 2016) “Hinterland” (2013 - 2016) Television/Action/Thriller 25 Episodes Featuring: Richard Harrington, Mali Harries, Alex Harries, Hannah Daniel, Aneirin Hughes…

#dvd #dvd review #DVD reviews #DVDReviews #hinterland #hinterland dvd #hinterland dvd review #hinterland television #hinterland television dvd #hinterland television review #Richard Harrington #Y Gwyll #Y Gwyll review

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redsoapbox · 8 years ago

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Hinterland /Series 3

youtube

Hinterland, BBC Wales’ uncompromising crime drama returns to our screens this month (S4C, who initially financed the development of the programme, broadcast the latest series of its Welsh language version Y Gwyll last autumn), for a third and, if co-creator Ed Talfan’s recent comments are anything to go by, final season. Whilst Talfan was at pains not to rule out the programme returning in another format sometime in the future (a cheery Christmas special, anyone?), his view, subsequently echoed by Hinterland’s lead actor Richard Harrington (DCI Tom Mathias), suggests that the current series of this ground-breaking bi-lingual cop show is set to develop in such a way as to enable the story to come to a natural conclusion.

That opinion, rather than being an admission that Hinterland’s power to enthral is somehow on the wane is, in fact, a reference to the harrowing backstory of the tormented and traumatised Mathias having finally worked its way to a (presumably) satisfying narrative resolution - there was even a hint in the season opener that Mathias may soon be dipping his big toe into the sea of love again, for goodness sake! And, there’s the rub; Hinterland is a detective drama where the plot often takes second place (sometimes third, if you, like me, spend a fair degree of the show’s 90-minute running time ruminating on the mysterious beauty of Ceredigion), to the psychological excavation of Mathias’s battered subconscious. If Mathias is finally allowed to come to peace with his past, then the dark undercurrents that have swept him along his particular path of destruction will have disappeared along with much of the psychological tension that motivated our anti-hero.

For those coming to the show late on in its run, a quick de-brief may be in order: DCI Tom Mathias has returned home to Wales after serving for a decade with the London Metropolitan Police, unfortunately, though, it’s not to be a happy homecoming; we soon discover that Matthias is desperately trying to escape a tragedy in his recent past. Harrington, a very fine actor who had previously caught the eye as Dr. Allan Woodcourt in the rip-roaring BBC adaptation of Dickens’ Bleak House (2005), plays the broken Mathias in a pent-up manner that echoes Humphrey Bogart’s portrayal of doomed gangster Duke Mantee in The Petrified Forest (1936); all gnarled, internalised rage, a loner constantly on the verge of violent despair. By the close of series 2, Mathias is hunkered down in a static caravan at the cliff’s edge, weighing up whether or not to take his own life.

Richard Harrington and Mali Harries

On the surface, Series 3, Episode 1, (for some reason each individual episode no longer has a title), opens with a routine enough scene in which Mathias is simply seen washing his face and staring bleakly into the mirror above the washbasin. However, his morning drill is intercut with interior shots of his torched caravan (the climax to series 2). After he has finished scrubbing up, he hangs a towel over the mirror, deliberately blocking-off his reflection as if drawing a veil over his time spent in solitary confinement there and even, perhaps, over his period of mourning for his young daughter. The camera is positioned directly behind him, an approach which continues outside as he stares at the broken shell of his caravan. It’s a camera angle that re-occurs multiple times over the 90 minutes, making it clear that we are witnessing the unfolding events through the eyes of Mathias himself.

The twin-track plot of the opening episode (scripted by Debbie Moon, who also penned the excellent “Ceredigion” episode in series 2), centres around finding the arsonist who set fire to Mathias’s caravan (there is an obvious suspect carried over from the last series), and solving the murder of the local minister Elwyn Jones, who has just been found bludgeoned to death in his own home. Working through the clues to a crime, though, isn’t really what this show is all about; plots are specifically tailored to mirror Mathias’s internal struggles with grief and guilt (here, one of the leading suspects may be motivated by the death of a child to seek revenge), and have a more aesthetic function than is usual in a mainstream detective drama. Which is probably just as well, as both family members that I watched the episode with unmasked the killer very early on!

Whilst the show’s stark, rural setting helps define the show, it also severely limits the scope of the programme makers to come up with a believable crime for Mathias to investigate, a point co-creator and director Ed Thomas stressed to Wales Arts Review back in 2014 ‘The kinds of stories we can make in Hinterland is quite narrow. It’s not going to be a massive international drugs bust story or fast moving. It’s dictated by the locals and that’s blood, belonging, history, families, loss, loneliness and the landscape.’ He may as well be describing the plot layout for season 3’s opener!

With the above restrictions in mind, it’s always interesting to see how Hinterland varies its plot palette (answer: with great difficulty) and how the creative team behind the show make full use of the distinctive landscape (answer: panoramic views of lowering skies, derelict farmhouses, and woodland hideaways). The opening episode of series 3 follows a familiar pattern - there are scenes with Mathias winding his way through mountain roads (both Shetland and Vera tread a similar path), together with standard shots of the sea crashing against, and recoiling from, Aberystwyth seafront.

Hinterland, however, doesn’t have to rely on clichés to engineer its unique atmosphere; filmed largely in the area between Tregaron and Machynlleth, executive producer Ed Thomas makes full use of Ceredigion’s breathtaking scenery; lingering shots of isolated farmhouses stitched haphazardly into the stark countryside are peopled with sickly, dysfunctional men and women, hemmed in by the blackened mountains, the closing sea and their own demons. These bleak, imposing landscapes are used to frame the action, with as much of the investigation as possible taking place on the road; witnesses and suspects are often questioned in farmyards or outbuildings (in this episode a vet is interrogated while washing lambs blood out of the back of his Land Rover!), so that the spell of the show isn’t broken. This doesn’t happen by chance; Ed Thomas made a conscious decision at the series’ outset to restrict our view of modern day Wales - so don’t expect too many scenes set in sprawling shopping malls or plastic pubs. And although Aberystwyth is a coastal town, the expanse of the sea remains unexplored too; sifting through the dark depths of the human mind is, and always has been, the true business of Hinterland.

As Mathias continues his investigation into the minister’s murder, a family portrait at the scene of the crime and a half-drunk bottle of whiskey kept in a desk drawer is enough to dislodge more of the DCI’s buried memories, almost making him keel over with misery. The scene plays out with a grim-faced Mathias slumped in a chair clutching a packet of painkillers, or possibly, anti-depressants. There’s not a word spoken, but it’s exactly the kind of scene that makes Hinterland such a compelling watch. Harrington (under)plays to perfection here, resisting the temptation to ham up his character’s relapse.

For a moment it seems as though Mathias isn’t quite ready to emerge from his cocoon of despair, but the relapse is only temporary, and a scene with the landlady of his B&B (the very fact he is prepared to live in shared accommodation signifies that the healing process is fully underway and that Mathias is ready to take his place in the world again), is clearly designed to show the detective at last contemplating a life outside of the confines of Aberystwyth Police Station. Later, when consoling the bereaved Lyn Edwards, he is almost able to joke about their shared mental health crisis. When Edwards asks how he can offer his wife hope ‘when all I want to do is close my eyes and never wake up’, Matthias’s response ‘If you find the answer to that one, will you let me know’ is as honest as it is heartbreaking. Importantly, though, he is prepared to accept the possibility of an answer-a prospect he wouldn’t previously have countenanced.

As the net closes in on the murderer in the family, the second plot strand begins to take precedence. Iwan Thomas, the suspected arsonist, confronts Mathias’s boss Chief Superintendent Brian Prosser (Aneirin Hughes) with allegations of a high-level police cover-up into abuse at a local children’s home (the subject of the very first programme in season 1). The rather sketchy, unexplored figure of the seemingly untrustworthy Prosser has been one of Hinterland’s noticeable failures. Always looming in the shadows, and clearly the keeper of sinister secrets, he has remained a character in search of a back-story throughout the show’s history. His role in the denouement, here, though, was truly shocking and served as a powerful reminder that Hinterland can still pack a knockout punch when the storyline demands it.

With Hinterland drawing to a close, it’s worth reflecting on the show’s success. First off, it shouldn’t be underestimated that Wales now has its very own top-notch detective. Mathias, as emotionally zipped up as his trademark wax jacket, deserves to be ranked right up there with Morse, Tennison, Regan and Hunt in the pantheon of truly memorable British crime-busters. Whilst Harrington all but carries the show, there was fine support from his colleagues, especially Mali Harries as DI Mared Rhys. Hinterland’s co-creators Ed Thomas and Ed Talfan should obviously take a bow too; it was a truly visionary idea to make a bilingual crime-noir, and to commit to shooting the programme back to back in English and Welsh was a real labour of love for all concerned. In addition, Hinterland proved to be a commercial success too; fitting neatly into BBC4’s super-cool subtitled slot on Saturday evenings, being shown across much of mainland Europe as well as being streamed to American and Canadian audiences via Netflix.

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