#general science quiz

[jayther]

General Science Quiz - How Many Can You Answer? via YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MYt5XbNrSjc

[eatsowhat]

Which citrus fruit has the highest amount of Vitamin C?

Quiz Time! Which Citrus Fruit has Highest Vitamin C 😊

[rashmislearningplanet]

MCQs | The United Nations | Class : 5 Social Studies | 20 Questions any 5th Grader could answer

[advancegkquiz]

General Awareness|Practice Paper for SSC CGL Tier-1|SET- 21

1. One of the leaders who founded the Swaraj Party was

1. Mahatma Gandhi

2. B G Tilak

3. K Kamaraj

4. Chittaranjan Das

Ans : 4

2. The policy of price control in markets was launched by 

1. Shershah

2. Ashoka

3. Akbar

4. Alauddin Khali

Ans : 4

3. Who persuaded the rating of the RIN ( Royal Indian Navy ) to surrender on the 23rd feb 1946 ?

1. Mahatma Gandhi

2. Jawahar Lal Nehru and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad

3. Vallabh Bhai Patel and M A Jinnah

4. Morarji Desai and J B Kriplani

Ans : 3

4. The fundamental right which has been described by Dr. B R Ambedkar as "The heart and soul of the constitution" is the right to

1. Equality

2. Property

3. Freedom of religion 

4. Constitutional Remedies

Ans : 1

5. The non-permanent members of the security council are elected for

1. 1 year

2. 2 year

3. 3 year

4. 4 year

Ans : 2

6. The two basic values of a constitutional Govt. are

1. Stability and Liberty

2. Liberty and Equality

3. Equality and Fraternity

4. Stability and Justice

Ans : 2

7. Deccan Trap areas in Western India largely have

1. Alluvial soil

2. Black soil

3. Red soil

4. Laterite soil

Ans : 2

8. Earth revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit. Its speed is

1. Greatest when it is farthest from the sun

2. Greatest when it is closest to the sun

3. Remains the same at all points on the orbit

4. Goes on decreasing continuously

Ans : 3

9. The axis of the earth is inclined to the plane of the ecliptic at an angle of 

1. 23.5°

2. 22.5°

3. 66.5°

4. 67.5°

Ans : 3

10. India lies in the hemisphere

1. Northern and Eastern

2. Southern and Eastern

3. Northern and Western

4. None of these

Ans : 1

11. The place which has the longest day and the shortest night on 22nd dec is

1. Chennai

2. Madrid

3. Melbourne

4. Moscow

Ans : 3

12. AGMARK is 

1. A cooperative for egg production

2. Regulated agricultural market

3. Farmer's cooperative

4. A quality guarantee stamp for commodities

Ans : 4

13. A "Transfer Income" is an 

1. Income which is not produced by any production process

2. Income taken away from one person and give over to another

3. Unearned income 

4. Earned income

Ans : 1

14. All of the following are caused by viruses, except

1. Jaundice

2. Influenza

3. Typhoid

4. Mumps

Ans : 3

15. Which one of the following is an element ?

1. Topaz

2. Diamond

3. Ruby

4. Sapphire

Ans : 2

16. Which one of the following is the unit of activity of a radioactive source ?

1. Lux

2. Becquerel

3. Tesla

4. Siemens

Ans : 2

17. Mesons are found in 

1. Gamma rays

2. Laser beam

3. X- rays

4. Cosmic rays

Ans : 4

18. Setting of plaster of paris is 

1. Dehydration

2. Oxidation with atmospheric oxygen

3. Hydration leading to another hydrate

4. Combination with atmospheric CO2

Ans : 2

19. The radioactive element used in heart pacemakers is

1. Uranium

2. Deuterium

3. Plutonium

4. Radium

Ans : 1

20. Which one of the following when dissolved in OH gives hissing sound ?

1. Limestone

2. Slacked lime

3. Soda lime

4. Quicklime

Ans : 1

21. Cloudy nights are warmer compared to nights because clouds mainly

1. Absorb heat from the atmosphere send it towards earth 

2. Prevent cold waves from the sky descending on earth

3. Reflect back the heat given by earth 

4. Produce heat and radiate it towards earth

Ans : 3

22. Which one of the following is also called Stranger gas ?

1. Argon

2. Neon

3. Xenon

4. Nitrous oxide

Ans : 3

23. Laser is a device to produce

1. A beam of white light

2. Coherent light

3. Microwaves

4. X-Rays

Ans : 4

24. Who is called the father of computer ?

1. Charles babbage

2. Stephen Hawking

3. WG Grace

4. John Lennon

Ans : 1

25. NIN ( National Institute of Nutrition ) Central office is located at

1. Hyderabad

2. Mumbai

3. Bengaluru

4. Kolkata

Ans : 1

Let's Study

[knowledge-stack]

Mixed General Knowledge Quiz: A Fun and Educational Challenge for Everyo...

[jhannatofficial]

General Knowledge Quiz

[nico-the-overlord]

100% recommend you guys at least try doing this- it was so fun

Sanders Sides trivia questions I came up with that I think are pretty hard to really difficult level in knowledge lol

I am going to be real I don't think anyone could answer all these without getting a couple wrong/having to look them up- BUT I CHALLENGE YOU TO TRY :D!

(Answer key will be posted in the reblogs)

[huginsmemory]

Ford's Dreams; Attraction and Asexuality

In Bill's quips in TBOB on what the characters dream about, the quip he had on Ford caught my eye: "Sixer dreams about a pop quiz that asks him "what are you attracted to?" He usually writes "I'm attracted to logic and preparation." Not sure what to call that! Plansexual?". Immediately upon reading it, it made me question the implicit meanings of that small blurb, on Ford's sexuality (as someone whose aroace) and on the potential reason why such a dream was reoccurring, which I've explored below:

Extra addition added (Jan 6 2025)!

The first of two pages in TBOB on Bill's quips on characters dreams; this page includes Ford's, Dippers, Mabel's and Wendy's dream comments.

First of all, there are two types of quips Bill makes about the characters dreams. First, and the main type of comment, are negatively connotated, generally close to or even are nightmares. Dipper, about over hearing his parents fight about divorce, Mabel who has nightmares about waddles dying, Wendy who dreams about her Mom, who died, Stan's about Ford getting stuck in his science fair experiment, and Pacifica about the lumberjack ghost and blood that doesn't wash off her hands. Most of these are things that play off subconscious or conscious fears or grief (or memories in relation to fear or grief). The second type of quip, are goofs; such as Robbie's real hair colour, or Blubs and Durland only dreaming about each other (both on the other page, not depicted). So where does Ford's comment for in? At first glance, Ford's dream quip somewhat comes out as a goof (especially considering the horrible things he's gone through and seen). But for a central, serious character, and considering the context of the book, I really don't think this is a goof, but more of the first type of quip, on darker/nightmare sort of dreams.

But if it's is a nightmare, then why would a pop quiz about what he's attracted to be nightmare material?

First of all, regarding the set up of the dream, a quiz explicitly implies that you are being judged on your answer. There is a rubric for right or wrong answers, and someone, in a higher position of power, often in an academic institution, judges you by this. Ford is a character that's been clearly driven for the good first half of his life by excellency in academic achievement, and this implies that it's very important to him to get the quiz correct, to have the right answer, and that he fears being wrong.

Now on the subject matter of what the quiz entails; the subject of romance and attraction. Regarding canon, romance isn't one we get particularly clear images on with Ford, compared to Stan who flirts and literally goes out on a date during the series. We only really ever get two direct human interactions that could be implied to be considered romantic in nature (sorry fiddauthor's, there isn't anything from Ford's side of things that imply any extra feelings beyond cherished friend; Fiddleford in the other hand...). These are when he speaks to a girl at a dance and gets juice thrown on him, and in Journal 3 on the page that decodes on the page about himself to "LITTLE CATHY WHAT A DREAM HELD HER HAND AND MADE HER SCREAM". (There is also technically the one throw away line about Ford dating a siren in one of the Lost Legends comics, which would be the only time we know of Ford actually being in a romantic relationship; but that's something that never gets elaborated on, and when Dipper says that he's literally reading from the Bill page from Journal 3, so I'm unsure on the weight of such a statement). Compulsory heteronormativity aside as demanded by censors, both the implied attempts don't go well, and in the second one it directly implies Ford's six fingers are directly part of the reason why he's undesirable. Ford clearly deeply struggles with belonging around his 'weirdness'; case in point with the whole page about it in Journal 3. In this case, his bad luck in romance as a teen, possibly as a result of his 'wierdness', continues to alienate him from other people. As a result, a quiz focusing on romance may further remind Ford about his 'wrongness' as he doesn't have the socially expected romantic relationship.

Stanford's author pages in journal 3. The cipher on the right page decodes to what is described in the paragraph above. Note his emphasis on feeling alienated.

However, what's perhaps more telling about it is that the quiz asks what are you attracted too?, which is more sexual than really romantic in nature. And it's telling because what Ford puts down is logic and preparation. These aren't physical attributes as one may assume to answer these questions; neither is it gendered, or even really based on a person, but rather left open as the concepts (ie, he doesn't say someone who is logical and well-prepared). This Bill even jokes about, with 'plan-sexual'. And Ford's answer is not a typical 'male' answer (in the toxic sense, but also, just generally, since people experience sexual attraction) which Bill also notes with the joke. This 'incorrect' answer could be construed as another thing that's wrong with him, especially back in the day; emphasizing again Ford's wrong-ness and alienation.

Not to mention, beyond those two instances described above (interestingly, these occur previous to Ford's falling out with Stan, in which after he highly prioritizes academic achievement) Ford shows no interest in romantic relationships. This disinterest in pursuing romance is contrary to a lot of people who are still workaholics who have significant others/hook-up on the weekend in their meager time off. Ford's general disinterest in romance is also something that others him, with how our society puts so much emphasis on romantic and sexual relationships. And this is something that IMMEDIATELY caught my eye as someone whose within the general ballpark of aroace; there is a huge amount of alienation from society when you are disinterested in sexual/romantic relationships. Especially when toxic masculinity expects you to constantly be horny. So having someone ask you that question of what you are attracted too is awkward, and depending on the audience, socially difficult question to field. And often an answer to that comes out sounding exactly like Ford's, based on personality rather than physical attributes, if you don't decide to come out (not that Ford would know queer jargon anyways). So this question, posed in a quiz, with Ford being quite Ace-coded, would bring up these feelings of alienation, along with those about failure on not having the right 'answer' regarding attractiveness and the failure of not having a girlfriend.

The infamous Billford page in TBOB, of 'one thing led to another'. Also note Ford saying that Bill's "really got it all figured out".

Now, beyond that, we're also reading this in the context of TBOB. Even before the new info in TBOB, Ford openly worshipped Bill; and in TBOB it becomes clear that they certainly had something going on between them (cough, one thing lead to another, cough). This suggests that Ford found Bill attractive in some form of attraction, whether romantic, sexual or queer-platonic-ish. This especially so, considering the answer Ford puts down; logic and preparation. Bill, who corrected and furthered Ford's knowledge, who came to him as a being of pure knowledge (logic), and who helped him plan the portal, who ironically also had other plans of world domination beyond that (preparation). Bill fits the description, even if he's not human, but Ford's not bothered by that, Ford's a freak himself and it's clear in finding that acceptance he's ecstatic (freak4freak). And that attraction, that care Ford had/has for Bill? Now that's something that's horrifying, something that's filled with guilt, terror, and also embarrassment and fear of how others will react; case in point with Ford literally ripping those journal pages out so the others don't know about the extent of his and Bill's relationship, and in TBOB he acknowledges that. And that's not to mention the potential additives of negative emotions from failing to have attraction for the right person, from failing to meet toxic masculinity standards, and the emphasis of being a freak that made him fall for Bill. Now that's emotionally negatively charged for a fucking nightmare.

Like. Fuck. What are you attracted too? The being that I thought was a god of pure knowledge and thought that strung me along like a fish on line with bait of knowledge and companionship, and I ate that bait, hook, line, and sinker, so deep within my belly I fell in love with him; the being that betrayed me, that wants to destroy my world and used me to do it. The being I shouldn't even love in the first place, because you're supposed to love what's normal, but I've never been able to do that as a freak show. The being I've spent half my life hunting down to kill. And now here I am, with this fucking mess of my own making, after threats and torture and the world ending, and some small fucking part of me still loves him.

So, yeah. I don't think that's just a comedy line. I think that's a line that potentially has way more about Ford's feelings of alienation, of his failure to be attracted to the right person, of guilt and fear around his relationship with Bill, and especially so of others perceiving it.

EDIT (05/01/2025): Also for your consideration, as mentioned in the tags by @vespertin-y and @5p4ced-0ut, these DIRECT QUOTES BY FORD IN TBOB. ABOUT WHY ONE WOULD MAKE A DEAL WITH BILL.

All the scenarios listed by Ford apply to himself;

You're at a desperate low? Failing to find, or prove the universal weirdness theorum; but really, truly beneath that, being basically completely alone for all the years since college, and being desperately lonely and seeking affection and acceptance.

Lost something dear to you? A bit more abstract, but Ford's alone, and he's alone because he chose to lose Stan, to seek acceptance through academic achievement. And it's his loneliness that truly drives him to Bill; not academic achievement, even if that's part of the reason. He's trying to fill that void of love and acceptance thats been there since Stan left. That's something that's dear to him that he's lost. Although it could also just be a nod to Bill's magic, in that he can use it to fulfill things.

Throes of all-consuming monomaniacal ambition? Do I need to say anything about this? Ford caused the apocalypse (partly) out of his ambition.

Now of course these all lead up to the very last one: or perhaps you're just attracted to things that hurt you? This heavily implies Ford's felt, as I outlined above, some sort of attraction to Bill.

It's also a strong thing to say about their relationship. What's interesting about this one, is that at the beginning, their relationship wasn't a painful relationship for Ford; codependent as fuck, sure, but no one was actively hurting the other. It wasn't until they began to become jealous and petty with each other when Fiddleford began working that there is resentment and emotional pain, and then there's the big reveal, and all there is of their relationship for Ford is emotional pain and betrayal. In that manner, he wasn't originally attracted to Bill because of masochism in the literal sense; but rather due to rather an attraction built on genuine connection and companionship that ultimately ended horribly.

So basically, the 'attracted to someone that hurts you', is another line that falls under the heavy implication that Ford felt some sort of attraction to Bill; and that Ford struggles with shame and guilt around his attraction to Bill, especially as the comment is actually a lie (a common abuse victim lie) that minimizes their relationship, especially from Bill's side.

But he still says the sentence. So why is he lying/believing he's telling the truth? That comes down to what he's trying to diminish, and the guilt he has around attraction. The sentence, written of course post series when Ford is deeply jaded about Bill and his relationship, is written in a deeply bitter way. And it's a very self-directedly bitter way! Of course the being I fall in love with ends up betraying and hurting me; I never can do anything correctly. By saying that 'he's attracted to pain', he implicitly within the statement blames himself for the abuse, construing it as some way inevitable that this would occur due to his 'wrong' nature, especially around attraction as evident above. This self-blame and 'inevitability' is actually common to those who have low self-esteem and are victims of abuse, which Ford is. Ford already is shown to feel guilt and shame around his attraction to Bill for various reasons, such as the failure to be attracted to the right being, and doubly so with it ending up being an abusive relationship. This self-blame of 'i'm attracted to pain' denies that Ford was seeking genuine connection, and found it in Bill; it construes Bill as always having hurt Ford. Which is untrue! But this does function as a way to suppresses Ford's possible remaining positive emotions he has around Bill (by demonizing him as something horrible, understandable as he's been trying to kill him for 30 years) and also provides Ford an illusion of power over the situation; of course I had and remained in a relationship with Bill because I enjoy pain. It's easier to say (and delude yourself you like it, and you abuser may even encourage that, to avoid the pain) then admit you don't know how to escape, or fear escaping. And I think Ford did just that.

(Also, side note: What's also a kicker is that we are creatures of habit. So relationship dynamics we grow up in, are often ones we tend re-create later in life, because those are dynamics we are comfortable in, even if they are terrible dynamics. But that doesn't mean that it will always, nor have to be recreated. In some way, Ford did this; he recreated a dynamic from his father, in always looking up to Bill, and requiring praise from him to support his self esteem.)

Also, contextually, this negative recount of Bill makes sense as it's functioning as a warning for the reader within the page; informing the reader that no matter what, Bill will hurt you if you make a deal. This embarrassment and shame about Bill is contrary to some readings, in which Ford confesses to having cared about Bill; but this page is early in TBOB! It's before the pages all the rest of the family put in; it's possible this page was added 'before' the rest of the family read TBOB and Ford comes to acceptance with his feelings around Bill.

[fiftyfiftyfinchy]

Pub Quiz Imagine (ArthurTV)

The pub was buzzing with chatter, the kind of hum that made everything feel alive and a little chaotic. Cameras were perched on tripods around the cozy room, capturing every angle of the action. Strings of fairy lights crisscrossed the ceiling, giving the space a warm, golden glow. A large chalkboard behind the bar displayed the words “Pub Quiz Extravaganza,” with doodles of question marks and pint glasses sketched around the edges.

Simon stood in front of the quiz table, wearing his signature cheeky grin and holding a stack of question cards. “Alright, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the ultimate test of general knowledge. The stakes? Bragging rights and maybe some dignity.” He paused for effect, earning a chuckle from the group.

You stood behind one of the cameras, adjusting the focus as Ethan loudly proclaimed, “Mate, you’re looking at the winner right here.”

“Winner of most overconfident,” Harry quipped, earning a round of laughter.

Arthur sat across from Ethan, leaning back in his chair. You caught him glancing in your direction, quickly looking away when your eyes met. His ears turned a faint shade of pink, and you couldn’t help but smile to yourself as you adjusted the angle again.

“First question,” Simon announced, holding up a card. “What is the capital of Canada?”

“Easy! Toronto,” Ethan declared confidently.

“Wrong,” ChrisMD said immediately, shaking his head. “It’s Ottawa.”

“Correct!” Simon confirmed, tossing Chris a small plastic trophy. “One point to Chris. Ethan, it’s a miracle you know your own name.”

George laughed, throwing a balled-up napkin at Simon. The room erupted in playful chaos for a moment before Simon regained control.

As the quiz went on, you moved between cameras, checking angles and adjusting sound levels. You’d spent the night before scrolling through Arthur’s Instagram, nervously trying to get a sense of what he was like. His smile in those pictures had been disarming, and you couldn’t help but feel a flutter of nerves at the thought of working with for the second time. Now, seeing him answer science questions like it was second nature, you found yourself even more intrigued. It quickly became clear that Arthur had a knack for the science-related questions, answering them with an ease that left the others groaning in defeat. His quiet confidence shone brightest when Simon pulled out anything involving chemistry or physics, earning him grudging admiration and playful jeers alike. Every now and then, you caught Arthur’s eyes drifting toward you. Once, when he thought you weren’t looking, you saw him lean over to whisper something to Bach, who immediately grinned and gave him a not-so-subtle nudge.

Simon’s voice cut through the noise again. “Next question: What year did the Titanic sink?”

“1912,” Ethan blurted out before anyone else could answer.

“Correct! Point to Ethan.”

“See? I told you lot I’m a genius,” Ethan said, throwing his hands up triumphantly.

“A genius who thought Canada’s capital was Toronto five minutes ago,” Becky teased, earning another round of laughs.

By the final round, the scores were close, and the energy in the room was electric. Simon set down the final question card with a flourish. “Last question: What is the chemical symbol for gold?”

“Au!” Arthur shouted, almost jumping out of his seat.

Simon nodded dramatically. “And we have a winner! Arthur takes the crown.”

Arthur looked genuinely surprised, his mouth dropping open before breaking into a shy smile. “Wait, really? I actually won?”

“Enjoy it while it lasts,” Harry said, pretending to sulk. “Next time, you’re going down.”

The group dissolved into cheers and groans, the sound of their camaraderie filling the room. You couldn’t help but feel a sense of pride watching it all unfold, knowing you’d captured every hilarious moment. As you began packing up your equipment, you noticed Arthur standing awkwardly to the side, his gaze darting between you and his phone. He took a deep breath, clearly summoning some courage, before walking over to where you were organizing cables.

"Hey it’s nice to see you again," he said quickly, as if rushing to get the words out. "I just wanted to say, you’ve done an amazing job with all this. Everything’s so... organized. It’s impressive."

You smiled at his awkwardness. "Thanks, Arthur. That really means a lot."

He fidgeted, his cheeks turning pink. "Right. Well, um, if you’re not busy, maybe we could grab a drink sometime? Not like a work thing, just... you know, a drink," he mumbled, clearly nervous.

"A drink sounds good. But I warn you, I’m probably better at camerawork than small talk," you teased.

Arthur’s eyes widened. "Oh, well, that’s actually a relief because I’m much better at trivia than I am at flirting," he said with a nervous laugh.

You chuckled. "Sounds like we’d make a good team."

Arthur’s smile grew more confident. "So, um, could I get your number? So I can text you and arrange a time to get that drink," he asked, clearly eager but still a bit unsure.

"Sure," you replied with a smile. “I’d really like that."

Arthur’s fingers moved a little faster as he added your number to his phone. "Okay, well it was great chatting with but unfortunately I have to leave," he said, seeming slightly apologetic. "I’ll text you soon."

You smiled back. "I’m looking forward to it."

As Arthur walked away, you noticed the spring in his step, a quiet confidence replacing his earlier awkwardness. The pub was nearly empty now, and you lingered, wondering when he might text you to set up that drink.

[becausegoodheroesdeservekidneys]

Prynhawn da Elanor,

I'm a student in the US currently applying to universities for next year, and I have a couple of questions about Welsh universities if you have the time. I'm looking at both schools in the US and one in Wales (I managed to visit over the summer and it seemed great, loved the town and the university, and the degree that I'm interested in is very solid there), and the teaching style/expectations of students are an unknown factor. I've been taking college classes while still in highschool so I'm familiar with college-level instruction in the states, and it's not ideal for what I'm interested in studying. For example, at one of the schools I visited that is supposed to be a decent research university, the faculty were surprised that I had questions about research as an undergrad, and according to current students, the hardest part of their studies were quizzes on botanical taxonomy. So, I'm curious, what are the general academic expectations for students (especially in ecology or wildlife biology-related courses)? It seems like assessments are more practical or long-form and less quiz/multiple choice.

This got long-winded, so my apologies, and thank you for your time!

Shwmae! Happy to answer.

SO, I shall caveat this with saying that I don't really understand how higher education works in the US; it's a very different system to the UK in many ways. I'm therefore not entirely sure how to explain the exact differences. So, I'll just tell you about how it works over here rather than trying to do a comparison, if that makes sense? It means some of this will definitely feel like Water Is Wet stuff, but hopefully there'll be an exact answer in there that you can extract. Also, if you're comfortable doing so (and want to), I'm happy to talk over DM if you want slightly more specific advice involving you revealing details that otherwise might doxx you.

(Also second point, because I have danced this dance before and I know what Some Of You Lot are like when my posts start gaining traction beyond my circle of followers: in places where I do explain something that's different between the two systems, I am not saying one is better or worse than the other. Don't be a cunt about this. Work on your defensiveness and ego in your own time. I'm too busy and important for your feelings.)

Third point: I'm snipping this for length. On with the answer!

So, degrees over here are fairly fixed in terms of content and duration. Some offer a specific, set array of modules that make up the degree; others have essential core modules, and then you can choose from a small number of options until you get the required credits. But part of choosing the course for you over here is looking at the modules that make up the degree to make sure you're getting the exact focus you want; the one I teach on, for example, has a focus on practically applying environmental science, with the result that it has a very high post-graduation employment rate across a variety of environmental disciplines. Others might focus more on human geography, or environmental engineering, or climate science, or whatever else.

The reason for this is the quality assurance system in the UK. Courses have to be validated as being the right quality in terms of content, level of study, assessment practices, etc. Let's say you get a BSc from UWTSD in Environment, Sustainability and Climate Change; that comes with a quality assurance for a future employer that you have learned a specific set of skills, a specific knowledge bank, and are capable of using both in a specific way. There shouldn't be a risk, for example, that they hired someone from the same course the year before who had the same qualification as you, but turned out to not understand the dynamic processes behind sand dunes and couldn't write an official report to save their life, meaning you get passed over for the job the following year because they can't trust that your education actually means anything; if both of you have the same qualification, then the course should be meeting sufficient quality standards to ensure that you both therefore have the same knowledge and skillset.

So that's point one!

Where this works in your favour is point two: assessment. Assessment is also rigidly quality-checked, but it means you can ask a course director and immediately get an outline of what the assessment procedures are (not the precise assessment tasks, obviously; but, report vs exam vs lab practical etc will be known).

But also, yes, assessment in the UK is extremely rarely what I understand to be 'quizzes' in the US, and extremely rarely multiple choice. Rightly or wrongly, there is a definite perception in academic circles over here - even at high school level, much less university - that a multiple choice quiz is too easy to pass by guessing, and they're very looked down on as a method to assess learning.

What you'll have instead varies between modules and courses, but I can give you an idea with a couple of mine:

Level 4: Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

No exams: two reports based on practical field/lab work, both worth 50% of the final mark

First: dissect owl pellets in the lab from two sites. Evaluate what the findings mean for the biodiversity on each site, and suggest some future site management prescriptions. 2000 words.

Second: fieldtrip to nearby woods to take allometric tree measurements and calculate carbon sequestration. Evaluate the ecosystem service provided by the woodland, and comment on site management and conservation. 2000 words.

Level 5: Coastal, Marine and Wildlife Conservation

One assignment, one exam, each worth 50% of the final mark

Assignment: Ramsey Island has far less biodiversity than neighbours like Skomer, Grassholm, etc. Research why, what was done to fix it, how well it's recovered, and suggest what should be done in the future to aid further recovery. 2500 words.

Exam: First half is a selection of short form questions to test baseline knowledge. Second half is a 50 mark essay question; choice of two topics to answer.

Level 6: Habitat Management and Building Resilience

No exams: two assignments, one before Christmas worth 30% of the mark, one in May worth 70%

First: choose a species reintroduction project of your choice, and find the habitat feasibility study carried out for it. Critique that habitat feasibility study. Put your findings into an academic poster and present it. 15 mins.

Second: using teachings from across the year, produce a habitat management plan for a site of your choosing. You need to actually visit and assess your site. 3500 words.

(L4, 5 and 6: first, second and final year of undergrad)

The idea in each case is not just to test knowledge; it's to test applied knowledge, and to teach real-world skills needed in the industry after you graduate. If you go into land management, for example, the ability to guess the right answers based on the multiple choice pattern is useless; the ability to assess a site and write up a management plan for it, on the other hand, is literally the job you're hired to do.

So, as far as research is concerned... if you mean carrying out your own research on a topic of your own choosing, the main place that happens is your dissertation in third year. But, you can start that earlier if you want. In our department, we also encourage and support any independent research a student may choose to do, even if they don't end up using it for their degree directly.

If you mean general research skills, though, those are vital to every assignment. If you only repeat back whatever papers or knowledge the lecturers have given you, and don't research independently, you will barely scrape a pass. We actively push you to learn those skills.

And then lastly, expectations for students! In higer ed, you are now an adult, and you are choosing to be here: this means that the expectation is that you're meeting the lecturers halfway, as it were. It's a mistake a lot of new students make, if they've come straight from high school - uni is just The Next Thing to do, but to them it's basically like school, so the teachers have to keep trying to teach them even if the student barely shows up or makes any effort.

But that is not so! They are no longer pupils, and I am not a teacher.

If I say to a class "Look up these papers and be familiar with the arguments before next session because we're going to have a seminar", and then someone doesn't bother because "Whoops I went out drinking and forgot to do my homework teehee", then they can get out. They are adults paying for a particular service. I have offered that service. If they think of it as homework and choose not to do it because they wanted to go out clubbing instead, then... okay. That's the choice they can make. But the consequence is, I'm not chasing after them, because I'm not a teacher, and that's not my job. Now they aren't having that session. This will have a knock-on effect for their understanding of the topic; but that's the choice they made.

(Again, before the Pissing On The Poor crowd arises: I am, very obviously, not talking about students who have other struggles that impact their academic performance. I am, very literally and clearly, talking about the 18-year-old school leavers who are still in the school mindset, and think of missing lectures as 'skiving', and on a lizard brain level think there won't be consequences to that because so far in their life, education systems have not been allowed to fail them for that behaviour.)

So, basically... you're expected to want to learn and improve, and to put the work in to do that. Not to just be there to get the degree, but to be there to learn. Adult education is collaborative between lecturer and student. We guide you, but it's your journey to take.

Anyway! I hope that is at all useful. Let me know if you want clarification on anything, or have any other questions!

[zedecksiew]

GNS is not a Theory; it is a Tradition

This post is a brain-fart---me trying to jot a thought, lurking and seeing TTRPG folks react to GNS Theory for the upteenth time.

+

Context:

GNS Theory seeks to frame, understand, categorise, and model tabletop roleplay---and, via this framework, suggest solutions and improvements to the craft of TTRPG design as a whole. Understanding GNS Theory, it is asserted, will allow you to create better-designed ("more coherent") games.

Edwards compares the utility of understanding GNS to that of understanding physics:

I use a physics analogy: prior to the insights of Newtonian physics, bridges could be built. Some of them were built rather well. However, in retrospect, we are well aware that in order to build the bridge, the designer must have been at the very least according with Newtonian physics through (1) luck, (2) imitation of something else that worked, (3) use of principles that did not conflict with Newtonian physics in a way that mattered for the job, or (4) a non-articulated understanding of those principles. I consider the analogy to be exact for role-playing games.

+

"Is GNS Theory right or wrong?" is usually the question when TTRPG folks talk about it. This feels unusual for an art theory---but is perhaps understandable in GNS's specific case.

Edwards presents his ideas as actionable: a science by which you can make better games; principles you can rely on to build your own bridge. It becomes paramount, then, that those principles be factual. Otherwise the bridge collapses.

(Edwards infamously called people who enjoyed "incoherent" games [according GNS standards] brain-damaged, but the less said about this the better.)

Also because nerds are perverts about taxonomy:

Here is a sorting hat that will let us categorise and self-select our fandoms and selves.

We love this tribal shit. "Are you a Gamist? Narrativist? Simulationist? Take this quiz! Argue in the comments!"

+

GNS is two decades old by this point.

It was the chief theoretical framework of the Forge. It guides the work of designers like Vincent Baker and Paul Czege. Game lines like Burning Wheel and its descendants are entirely informed by GNS conclusions about players and player behaviour, resulting in specific strengths, quirks, and frustrating design "solutions".

On the other hand:

From the Noughties onwards there has been any number of interesting and excellent games made without adherence to (or even knowledge of) GNS. Tabletop roleplaying games have flowered much since the Forge's heyday.

+

All that long-winded shit to get to the thought I had:

Rather than asking: "Is GNS true? Does GNS work? Does GNS accurately describe tabletop roleplaying games?"

It is probably more useful to consider GNS as a TTRPG art tradition. A school or movement or genre, that creators and designers have chosen to belong to / define themselves by / work in the lineage of.

Similar to:

Dadaism as a movement; or

Animation that falls within the anime genre due to context and lineage; or

Tanztheater / Pina Bausch's place in contemporary dance; or

How employing Method techniques results in specific styles; or

Music theory, which should be more accurately called the "harmonic style of 18th Century European composers".

But Dada is not the whole of art; nor is anime synonymous with animation. Pina Bausch is just one albeit influential choreographer; nowadays method acting has an antiquated, faintly ridiculous legacy.

Meanwhile, European music theory today is often seen as the scientific yardstick by which all music should be measured, just as nerds are wont to do with GNS vis a vis tabletop roleplaying games in general.

But we should remember that GNS is a lens, one way of considering and practicising the craft of TTRPGs. It is one lens amongst a multitude. Whether it is a good lens is up to you. Some designers have followed its precepts, and made games informed by said precepts; such games vary in quality but share a particular vibe.

A bridge built in the Moorish style isn't necessarily superior or more stable than a bridge built any other other way; but you may find it beautiful, provided you are partial to Moorish architecture.

I think that analogy works for GNS.

[superlinguo]

Superlinguo 2024 in review

I returned to full time work after a year of parental leave. That, alone, would have been enough for this year. Unfortunately, it turned into a terrible year at my university, with key senior colleagues in my department losing their jobs.

I like these reviews most year, but looking back on last year it feels even more important than usual to remember that there were some good things that happened in spite of everything going on with my university.

Lingthusiasm in 2024

Lingthusiasm turned 8! We maintained our regular pace, posting a dozen main episodes as well as our monthly bonus episodes for patrons. We plotted our vowels and covered a wide range of topics, including some great interviews with guests.

We launched our perfectly calibrated, Very Serious ‘Which Lingthusiasm episode are you?’ quiz guide you!

We were also reviewed in the New York Times, were featured in Lauren Passell’s Podcast the Newsletter, and conducted our final survey in the trilogy we planned.

We released a new sticker/badge that says "Ask Me About Linguistics", new merch that says "more people have read the text on this shirt than I have" and a range of merch with a very elegant Gavagai from Lucy Maddox, which are both available alongside merch for all kinds of linguists and language fans.

Main episodes

A politeness episode, if you please (transcript)

Helping computers decode sentences - Interview with Emily M. Bender (transcript)

OooOooh~~ our possession episode oOooOOoohh 👻 (transcript)

Welcome back aboard the metaphor train! (transcript)

Lo! An undetached collection of meaning-parts! (transcript)

The perfectly imperfect aspect episode (transcript)

How nonbinary and binary people talk - Interview with Jacq Jones (transcript)

Brunch, gonna, and fozzle - The smooshing episode (transcript)

Scoping out the scope of scope (transcript)

What visualizing our vowels tells us about who we are (transcript)

Connecting with oral culture (transcript)

No such thing as the oldest language (transcript)

Bonus episodes

Crochet vocal tract, grammar is a team sport, gifs, and soy sauce - Deleted scenes from Jacq Jones, Emily M. Bender, and Tom Scott team interviews

Metaphors be with you! Lingthusiasm x Let’s Learn Everything crossover episode

Linguistic Travel - Estonia, Mundolingua, and Martha’s Vineyard

Xenolinguistics 👽

Behind the Scenes on the Tom Scott Language Files

Don’t you love to do a “do” episode?

The best and worst comparatives episode

Linguistic mixups - spoonerisms, mondegreens, and eggcorns

Secret codes and the joy of cryptic word puzzles

Inner voice, mental pictures, and other shapes for thoughts

How we made vowel plots with Bethany Gardner

Are thumbs fingers and which episode of Lingthusiasm are you? Survey results and a new personality quiz

Themself, Basque ergativity cartoons, and bad swearing ideas - Deleted scenes from Kirby Conrod, Itxaso Rodriguez-Ordoñez, and Jo Walton and Ada Palmer

Top Superlinguo posts in 2024

I honestly expected to have nothing to post here, so it's lovely to know that I do still get small changes to blog throughout the year.

General posts

Research Data Management. Or, How I made multiple backups and still almost lost my honours thesis.

Thinking With Your Hands, Susan Goldin-Meadow (Review)

How to Talk Language Science with Everybody, Laura Wagner & Cecile McKee (Review)

Himalayan Linguistics turns 20: Celebrating two decades of Diamond Open Access publish

Himalayan Linguistics, Linguistics Vanguard and the Australian Journal of Linguistics - my three journal editorial hats

2024 LingComm Grants – Small Grants for Communicating Linguistics to Wider Audiences

2024 LingComm Grantees: New linguistics projects for you to follow

New gesture Emoji in Unicode 15.1: Head Shaking Horizontally and Head Shaking Vertically (aka shake and nod!), and (finally) right facing emoji

Academic articles in 2024

Four publications this year, across lingcomm, gesture and emoji. I also spent a lot of this year finishing Gesture: A Slim Guide, which will be out with OUP in 2025.

McCulloch, G. & L. Gawne. 2024. Towards a theory of linguistic curiosity: applying linguistic frameworks to lingcomm and scicomm. Linguistics Vanguard 10(s3): 181-189. DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2024-0073 [OA published version][blog summary]

Gawne, L., & Cooperrider, K. (2024). Emblems: Meaning at the interface of language and gesture. Glossa: a journal of general linguistics. doi: 10.16995/glossa.9705 [OA published version][blog summary]

Cabraal, A. & L. Gawne. 2024. Using emoji as a creative tool for data analysis. In H. Kara, D. Mannay & A. Roy (Eds), The Handbook of Creative Data Analysis, 201-212. Bristol: Polity Press.

Gawne, L., G. McCulloch, N. Sweeney, R. Alatalo, H. Bodenhausen, C. Riley & J. Grieser. 2024. Creating Inclusive Linguistics Communication: Crash Course Linguistics. In A. Charity Hudley, C. Mallinson, and M. Bucholtz (Eds), Inclusion in Linguistics, 383-396. Oxford University Press. [Open Access PDF][blog post summary]

The year ahead

After a year of upheaval, next year will be a time of rebuilding. There will be a new team, a new curriculum, and I'm not silly enough to assume that also means a new, manageable pace of work. I'll still be sharing work here and recording Lingthusiasm. I've also been spending more time on Bluesky, perhaps I'll see you there?

Browsing old Superlinguo content?

I have a welcome page on the blog that points you to aggregate posts, and series of posts I've done over the years, as well as themed collections of posts that have appeared on the blog in the last twelve years.

Previous years

Superlinguo 2023 in review

Superlinguo 2022 in review

Superlinguo 2021 in review

Superlinguo 2020 in review

Superlinguo 2020 (2019 in review)

Superlinguo 2019 (2018 in review)

Superlinguo 2018 (2017 in review)

Superlinguo 2017 (2016 in review)

Superlinguo 2015 highlights

[advancegkquiz]

General Awareness|Practice Paper for SSC CGL Tier-1|SET- 22

1. Who started the saka era which is still used by the Government of India ?

a) Kanishka

b) Vikramaditya 

c) Samudra Gupta

d) Ashoka

2. The 'Kannauj Assembly' organised by Harsha was held in honour of 

a). Fa-Hien

b). Itsing

c)  Hieun-Tsang

d) Megasthenese

3. Which one of the following groups of leaders joined the extremists wing of the Indian National Congress ? 

a) BG Tilak,GK Gokhale and Lala Lajpat Rai

b) SN Banerjee,BG Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal

c) BG Tilak,Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal 

d) Bipin Chandra Pal,Firozshah Mehta and Lala Lajpat Rai

4. The Communist Manifesto was published by Karl Marx in the year

a) 1848

b) 1856

c) 1880

d) 1883

5. 'Judicial Review' function of the Supreme Court means the power to

a) reviews its own judgements 

b) review function of judiciary in the country 

c) examine the Constitutional validity of laws 

d) undertake periodic review of the Constitution

6. India has been described under Article 1 of the Constitution as a

a) Federation 

b) Federation, with a strong unitary bias

c) Confederation 

d) Union of States 

7. 'Gobi' Desert is situated in the rain-shadow area of 

a) Alps

b) Rockie Mountain

c) Himalaya

d) Yural Mountain 

8. On which of the following longitudes is the Indian Standard Time determined ?

a) 68^½°E

b) 68^½°W

c) 82^½°E

d) 82^½°W

9. Which two planets of the Solar System have no satellites ? 

a) Mercury and Venus 

b) Venus and Mars 

c) Mercury and Pluto

d) Venus and Neptune

10. The earth is at the least distance from the sun ( Perihelion) on

a) December 22nd

b) January 3rd

c) July 4th 

d) June 21st

11. Duncan Passage is situated between 

a) Minicoy and Amandeev 

b) Minicoy and Maldives

c) Little Andaman and Car Nicobar

d) South Andaman and Little Andaman

12. Which of the following gives the correct descending order by length of the rivers of India ?

a) Brahmaputra,Ganga,Godavari,Kosi

b) Ganga,Brahmaputra,Krishna,Godavari

c) Ganga,Godavari,Krishna,Yamuna

d) Ganga,Yamuna,Godavari,Mahanadi

13. If the change in demand for a commodity is at a faster rate than change in the price of commodity than the demand is 

a) perfectly inelastic 

b) elastic 

c) perfectly elastic 

d) inelastic 

14. Which of the following are not fixed costs ?

a) Rent on land 

b) Municipal taxes

c) wages paid to workers 

d) Insurance charges

15. The term 'Rh factor' refers to

a) Rhesus factor

b) Rheumatoid factor

c) Renal factor 

d) Rhombic factor

16. The metallic constituents of hard water are

a) magnesium,calcium and tin

b) iron,tin and calcium

c) calcium,iron and magnesium

d) magnesium, tin and iron

17. Tungsten is used for the manufacture of the filament of an electric bulb , because

a) It is good conductor

b) It is economical

c) It is malleable 

d) It has a very high melting point

18. Which of the following is a rich source of Vitamin B12

a) cashew nut

b) milk

c) apple

d) watermelon

19. Roundworm is a human parasite found in the 

a) small intestine 

b) liver

c) stomach

d) large intestine

20. The disease that is caused by virus is 

a) typhoid 

b) cholera

c) rabies

d) tetanus

21. The largest cell in the human body is 

a) nerve cell

b) muscle cell

c) liver cell

d) kidney cell

22. The metal present in insulin is 

a) copper

b) iron

c) zinc

d) magnesium

23. Blood groups were discovered by 

a) Altmann

b) Landsteiner

c) Losch 

d) Ronald Ross

24. Least audible sound for most of the human ear is 

a) 10.0 u bar

b) 0.0002 u bar 

c) 0.005 u bar

d) 5.0 u bar

25. Which one of the following peripherals can not serve as both input and output devices ?

a) Tele-printer

b) Floppy disk drives

c) Scanner

d) optical disc drives 

READ MORE

ANSWERS

1. A

2. C

3. C

4. A 

5. C

6. D

7. C

8. C

9. A

10. B

11. D

12. C

13. B

14. C

15. A

16. C

17. D

18. B

19. A

20. C

21. A

22. C

23. B

24. B

25. C

READ MORE

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QUIZ:

Full Quiz and Answers👉: 20 Science and Technology General Knowledge Quiz with Answers