#electrolyte replacement

[mcatmemoranda]

I'm covering for a pt who has hypokalemia to 2.9. The nurse notified me, so I got a stat EKG. The EKG showed normal sinus rhythm. I don't know the pt's cardiac hx (e.g., heart failure), so I don't want to give her too much fluid, but she is NPO, so she has to get the potassium IV. I ordered potassium chloride, 20 mEq in 50 mL NS to be infused at a rate of 25 mLs/hour x4 bags. The nurse then asked me if I wanted to infuse at a faster rate because it would take 2 hours for each bag to be infused. I know potassium hurts to receive as an IV. The recommendation is actually 20 mEq every 2 to 3 hours. You can only give 10 mEq/hr IV. If you want higher than 10 mEq, you have to use central line (the PA told me this). You should also check the magnesium level because if magnesium is low, that affects the potassium. If you give potassium to someone with low magnesium, the potassium repletion might not be effective. This is from UpToDate (skip to 9th paragraph):

Etiology – The most common causes of hypokalemia are gastrointestinal or urinary losses due to vomiting, diarrhea, or diuretic therapy. Hypokalemia may also result from the transient entry of potassium into cells, which is called redistributive hypokalemia.

●Clinical manifestations – Manifestations of hypokalemia include severe muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmias, kidney abnormalities, and glucose intolerance. These signs and symptoms are generally proportionate to the degree and rapidity of the reduction in serum potassium and resolve with correction of the hypokalemia. The risk of arrhythmias from hypokalemia is highest in older patients, patients with organic heart disease, and patients on digoxin or antiarrhythmic drugs.

●Management – The underlying cause of the hypokalemia should be identified, particularly the presence of hypomagnesemia or redistributive hypokalemia. Patients with hypomagnesemia can be refractory to potassium replacement alone, and potassium replacement can result in rebound hyperkalemia in patients with redistributive hypokalemia. Among patients with redistributive hypokalemia due to increased sympathetic tone (as in hypokalemic thyrotoxic periodic paralysis), the administration of a nonselective beta blocker, such as propranolol, can rapidly reverse the hypokalemia and associated symptoms.

•Mild to moderate hypokalemia – For patients with mild to moderate hypokalemia (serum potassium 3.0 to 3.4 mEq/L) who do not have ongoing urinary potassium losses, we suggest initial oral administration of 10 to 20 mEq of potassium given two to four times per day (20 to 80 mEq/day) (Grade 2B).

Oral potassium preparations include potassium chloride, potassium bicarbonate or its precursors (potassium citrate, potassium acetate), and potassium phosphate. Potassium chloride can be given in crystalline form (salt substitutes), as a liquid, or in a slow-release tablet or capsule. Potassium bicarbonate or its precursors are preferred in patients with hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis. Potassium phosphate should be considered only in patients with hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia, as might occur with proximal (type 2) renal tubular acidosis associated with Fanconi syndrome and phosphate wasting.

In patients who have chronic, stable renal potassium wasting, a potassium-sparing diuretic, such as amiloride, may be required should potassium repletion not be successful. (See 'Ongoing losses and the steady state' above and "General principles of disorders of water balance (hyponatremia and hypernatremia) and sodium balance (hypovolemia and edema)", section on 'The steady state'.)

Patients with primary aldosteronism also present with hypokalemia due to renal potassium wasting: Spironolactone or eplerenone is preferred for patients diagnosed with this disorder.

If a potassium-sparing diuretic is used in combination with potassium supplements, we recommend close monitoring of potassium levels, along with dietary assessment and limitation of dietary potassium intake. This combination must be used with extreme caution in patients with decreased kidney function and in patients on an ACE inhibitor, renin inhibitor, and/or angiotensin receptor blocker. We suggest monitoring the serum potassium concentration approximately every three to four months in all patients receiving chronic potassium supplementation, or more often if clinically indicated.

•Severe hypokalemia – Careful monitoring of the physiologic effects of severe hypokalemia (ECG abnormalities, muscle weakness, paralysis) is essential. Continuous ECG monitoring or telemetry is warranted in patients with arrhythmias caused by hypokalemia, prolonged QT and/or other ECG abnormalities attributable to hypokalemia, underlying cardiac issues that predispose to arrhythmia in the setting of hypokalemia (eg, digoxin toxicity, myocardial infarction, underlying long QT syndrome), and also when intravenous potassium repletion is given at a rate greater than 10 mEq per hour, or if patients are at risk for rebound hyperkalemia (most often due to thyrotoxic periodic paralysis).

Potassium must be given more rapidly to patients with hypokalemia that is severe (serum potassium less than 2.5 to 3.0 mEq/L) or symptomatic (arrhythmias, marked muscle weakness, or rhabdomyolysis). In such patients, potassium chloride can be given orally in doses of 40 mEq, three to four times per day or, particularly in patients also treated with intravenous potassium, 20 mEq every two to three hours. Careful monitoring of the serum potassium is also essential. We suggest that the serum potassium should initially be measured every two to four hours to ascertain the response to therapy. If tolerated, this regimen should be continued until the serum potassium concentration is persistently above 3.0 to 3.5 mEq/L and symptoms or signs attributable to hypokalemia have resolved.

For patients with severe manifestations of hypokalemia or those who are unable to take oral medications, we recommend intravenous potassium chloride (Grade 1B).

Depending upon the severity of symptoms, intravenous potassium may be given at doses ranging from 20 mEq every two to three hours to a recommended maximum rate of potassium administration of 10 to 20 mEq/hour for most patients; rates as high as 40 mEq/hour have been used for life-threatening hypokalemia. Rates above 20 mEq/hour are highly irritating to peripheral veins. When such high rates are given, they should be infused into a large central vein or into multiple peripheral veins.

In addition, the maximum amount of potassium that is added to each particular sized infusion container should be limited in order to decrease the risk of inadvertent administration of a large absolute amount of potassium. We suggest the following:

-In any 1000 mL-sized container of appropriate non-dextrose fluid, we suggest a maximum of 60 mEq of potassium.

-In a small-volume mini-bag of 100 to 200 mL of water that is to be infused into a peripheral vein, we suggest 10 mEq of potassium.

-In a small-volume mini-bag of 100 mL of water that is to be infused into a large central vein, we suggest a maximum of 40 mEq of potassium.

Intravenous potassium is most often infused in a peripheral vein at concentrations of 20 to 60 mEq/L in a non-dextrose-containing saline solution. Use of an infusion pump is preferred to prevent overly rapid potassium administration in any intravenous container with more than 40 mEq of potassium or if the desired rate of potassium administration is more than 10 mEq/hour.

Pain and phlebitis can occur during parenteral infusion of potassium into a peripheral vein. This primarily occurs at rates above 10 mEq/hour, but can be seen at lower rates. If pain occurs, either the infusion rate or, preferably, the potassium concentration should be reduced.

Once the hypokalemia is no longer severe, the rate of intravenous potassium repletion should be reduced or changed to oral therapy. Patients should be treated until the serum potassium concentration is persistently above 3.0 to 3.5 mEq/L and symptoms or signs attributable to hypokalemia have resolved.

[spiderweb-wine]

Hokay so. About that Gatorade. It's expensive.

Here is a recipe for home-made Gatorade, or without the trademark, home-made electrolyte replacement drink:

1 litre water

1/2 teaspoon salt

2 Tablespoons sugar

1 Tablespoon lemon juice

Mix all the things. Refrigerate if not drinking immediately. Lime juice works too if you want a change. If you do not use boiled or filtered water, drink within 2-3 days. This doesn't keep very long just make fresh.

Recipe from the world health organization.

can they make a being hydrated that doesn't have you pissing at emergency levels every 34 minutes

[ctom3835-blog]

The Importance of Electrolyte Drinks for Hydration and Recovery

Staying hydrated is essential for overall health and well-being. Whether you are recovering from illness, combating fatigue, or rehydrating after a night out, choosing the right solution matters. Electrolyte drinks play a crucial role in replenishing lost nutrients, especially when water alone isn’t enough.

Here’s why incorporating an electrolyte drink into your routine can enhance recovery and boost your energy levels.

What Are Electrolytes and Why Are They Important?

Electrolytes are minerals that help regulate essential functions in the body, such as fluid balance, muscle contractions, and nerve signaling. Key electrolytes include sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium.

When you sweat, urinate, or experience dehydration, your body loses electrolytes. This imbalance can lead to symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, and muscle cramps. To restore balance, electrolyte replacement is necessary.

How Electrolyte Drinks Help with Hydration

Electrolyte drinks are specially formulated to replenish lost salts and fluids. Unlike plain water, they provide the minerals needed for optimal hydration. This makes them an ideal choice for athletes, people recovering from illness, and those seeking to avoid dehydration.

A well-designed electrolyte drink can enhance fluid retention and improve energy levels. It also prevents overhydration, a condition where consuming too much plain water dilutes essential electrolytes.

Electrolyte Replacement During Illness or Recovery

When you’re unwell, your body uses up fluids and electrolytes faster than usual. Fever, vomiting, or diarrhea can deplete essential minerals, leaving you feeling weak.

Electrolyte replacement is a critical part of recovery. Products like Revival Shots offer a convenient way to restore balance. With key nutrients like sodium and potassium, they help you regain strength quickly.

Energy Drink Hangovers: Can Electrolytes Help?

After a night out, many people reach for an energy drink to counteract fatigue. However, this approach can sometimes worsen dehydration due to caffeine and sugar content.

Using a product like Revival Shots provides a better alternative for addressing an energy drink hangover. It combines electrolytes with hydration support, targeting the root causes of dehydration without the downsides of sugary energy drinks.

Who Benefits Most from Electrolyte Drinks?

Electrolyte drinks are not just for athletes. Many individuals can benefit from incorporating them into their daily routines:

Active Individuals

If you exercise regularly, you lose electrolytes through sweat. Replenishing them helps maintain energy and performance.

Busy Professionals

Long hours and high stress can lead to dehydration. Electrolytes provide an energy boost without the crash from caffeine.

Recovering from Illness

When you’re sick, electrolyte replacement speeds up recovery by restoring lost fluids and nutrients.

Partygoers

Electrolyte drinks help rehydrate after consuming alcohol, reducing the severity of hangover symptoms.

What Sets Revival Shots Apart?

Revival Shots offer a science-backed formula designed for optimal hydration and recovery. Their product combines the benefits of traditional electrolyte drinks with added vitamins to support overall health.

Key advantages of Revival Shots include:

Convenience: Portable packets make them easy to use anywhere.

Fast Absorption: Quick-dissolving powder ensures rapid hydration.

Balanced Formula: Includes essential minerals and vitamins for comprehensive recovery.

Whether you’re addressing an energy drink hangover or recovering from a workout, Revival Shots provide a reliable solution.

Tips for Maximizing Hydration

To stay hydrated and maintain electrolyte balance, follow these tips:

Drink Water Regularly

Combine plain water with electrolyte drinks for a balanced approach.

Monitor Your Body’s Needs

Pay attention to signs of dehydration, such as dry skin, fatigue, or headaches.

Choose the Right Products

Opt for scientifically designed electrolyte drinks, like Revival Shots, for effective results.

Stay Prepared

Keep electrolyte drinks on hand for busy days, workouts, or social events.

Conclusion

Electrolytes are essential for hydration, energy, and recovery. Using a high-quality electrolyte drink can make a significant difference in how you feel. Whether you need electrolyte replacement after illness or a solution for an energy drink hangover, Revival Shots provide a comprehensive and effective option.

By prioritizing hydration and replenishing lost nutrients, you can enhance your health and tackle each day with renewed energy. Make electrolyte drinks a part of your routine and experience the benefits firsthand.

[hikercarl]

Hydration on the Trail: How Much Water Do You Really Need?

Discover the secrets of proper hiking hydration. We'll guide you on how much water to carry, when to drink, and essential tips for staying hydrated on the trail.

Hiking is exciting and refreshing, but it also means you need to stay hydrated. Finding the right amount of water can be hard, especially with the changing trail conditions. In this guide, we’ll talk about why hydration is key, what affects our water needs, and how to stay hydrated on hikes. Key Takeaways Proper hydration is essential for the safety and health of hikers. Factors like…

[revival591]

Explore the benefits of electrolyte replacement with our high-quality solutions. Ensure your body's electrolyte balance is maintained.

Click here :  https://revivalshots.com/blogs/news/can-rehydration-help-with-pots

Revival Shots

Our brand strap line is “Live Your Best Life”. This simple yet powerful statement encapsulates everything our products are designed to do.

daniel@revivalshots.com

[the-ragbros-are-okay]

i actually feel as though i am going insane bc i need to do TOMORROWS commissions to get the last story key for kaeya’s story quest because i was an IDIOT and and DIDNT

and now i feel like i’m full of BEES

PLUS. IM GOING ON A TRIP.TOMORROW

so i’m waking up early and doing my commissions and then a story quest bc i’ll be damned if i have to wait three more fucking days to see my favorite traumatized blue haired man

[disneyprincessdxminatrix]

At least as far as I know, the reason we were given soda was because a carbonated drink was supposed to help with an upset stomach/nausea. I didn't get soda as a child often so it was one of the few times I did. Which sucked because I was sick lol.

Hmm.. 🤔 I know that some people believe coca cola and salted pretzel sticks help when your stomach is upset but I never liked coke so I have no idea if it does 😅 but I think a carbonated drink would only help to further upset my stomach when I already feel sick 🙈

[arctic-hands]

I didn't have a vessel big enough for the already pared-down switchel recipe uploaded the other day so I had to reduce it to one fourth of what Max Miller used, but I had most of the ingredients already and it wasn't hard to get what I didn't, so I figured why not because I like Ginger. Miller was pleasantly surprised by it, and I was dubious because I'm not the biggest fan of molasses, but I was pleasantly surprised by it all too! It's quite good actually.

[basshole-astard]

PSA: i keep seeing posts about staying cool in extreme heat that include advice like "gatorade is bad actually!" and "don't drink fruit juice it'll just dehydrate you!" and neither of these are true!

regarding fruit juice: there's apparently a misconception that Any Sugar At All will dehydrate you, and that's simply not true. yes, sugar will make you pee more when consumed in large amounts, but 1) the natural sugar in fruits won't do this to you 2) great news! a lot of fruit juices exist without any added sugar in them! 3) honestly even having a glass of the fruit juice with added sugar won't completely dehydrate you as long as you're also drinking water throughout the day. if its hot you deserve a cold treat of a drink!!! can't go wrong with fruit juice!!!

regarding gatorade: maybe this isn't an every day drink, but guess what: if it's 110F/40C or hotter outside, and you don't have AC, or you're moving around a lot outside of the AC, and you're sweating buckets: that's when you drink a gatorade.

gatorade exists to replenish all the electrolytes (salt) and glucose (sugar) that you sweat out. YES it is meant for athletes to drink during intensive work outs and not necessarily for people who aren't doing that kind of exercise. BUT GUESS WHAT! when you're sweating buckets because you had to walk to the bus in extreme heat, that's intensive exercise. please feel free to drink a gatorade after that! that's its intended use case!!!!

no: neither of these drinks should be a total replacement for water. but drinking a lot of water and then treating yourself to a fruit juice with lunch is a good idea!!! drinking a gatorade becuase you just had to walk for 20 minutes in the heat is a good idea!!!

Please Stop Spreading Misinformation About Drinks!!! It's fine if you drink things that aren't water!!!! Yes you should probably always be drinking water but drinking something else As Well isn't going to hurt you!!!! okay!!!! its fine!!!!!!

honestly so long as you are consistently getting Any (non-alcoholic) fluids in you, you're doing great!!!!!! okay!!!! i love you stay safe <3

[gsvtvo2wod]

https://www.futureelectronics.com/p/passives--capacitors--aluminum-electrolytic-capacitors/eee-ft1e471ap-panasonic-4029126

Power supplies, low ESR High Reflow Electrolytic, Electrolytic capacitor voltage,

EEE-FT Series 25 V 470 uF Ø 8 x 10.2 mm 105 °C Low ESR High Reflow Electrolytic

[toytulini]

and remember that if you dont like water, anything that is not alcohol or seawater will hydrate you. water is best, obviously, but its useless if you dont drink it bc you dont like it, so soda can be second best, if it gets fluids in you.

if you are dealing with extreme heat or even just. moderate heat in your area right now. 80f/26c is when it starts getting toasty for a lot of people. if you are in a heat wave and you have not done yourself the favor of googling fucking "heat exhaustion symptoms" i am shaking you violently right now. look it up. burn the symptoms into your brain. heatstroke is no joke and it can and WILL sneak up on you before you're aware it's even an issue. ohh my god

[hikercarl]

How to Stay Cool While Hiking in Hot Weather

Summer is a great time to explore trails, but the heat can make it tough. We’ve found ways to stay cool and enjoy our hikes. In this article, we’ll share six tips to help you have a safe and comfy summer adventure. To stay cool, focus on three main areas: staying hydrated, protecting yourself from the sun, and using cooling tricks. These steps help you keep your energy up, avoid heat sickness,…

[wellhealthhub]

Diabetes Ketoacidosis: An In-Depth Exploration of its Complexities, Symptoms, Treatment, and Preventive Strategies

This comprehensive and detailed discourse endeavors to furnish a profound understanding of diabetes ketoacidosis, a profoundly intricate and acute complication of diabetes. It delves into multifarious aspects of this condition, encompassing its intricate symptomatology, exhaustive diagnostic methodologies, sophisticated treatment modalities, and comprehensive preventive measures. Through the…

[nourisophy]

Hydration Ke Fayde: Paani Peena Sharir Aur Dimaag Ki Sehat Ke Liye Kyun Zaroori Hai?

Introduction: Paani peena humare liye bahut zaroori hai, physically aur mentally dono hi acchi sehat ke liye. Humare shareer mein lagbhag 60% paani hota hai, aur paani kayi sharirik kriyao mein mahatvapurna bhumika nibhata hai. Shareer ki garmi ko niyantrit karne se lekar hazma aur dimaag ki kriyao ko sahayata dene tak, hydration ke fayde anek hai. Jab ham jaroorat se kam pani ka upyog krte…

[bard-powers-activate]

I bit into a pickle tonight and IT SQUIRTED PICKLE JUICE PAST MY GLASSES AND INTO MY FUCKING EYE.

The spouse creature in response: Well that’s the LAST orifice I’d want pickle juice entering

[genderqueerdykes]

trans, intersex and folks of any identity who take HRT (both testosterone & estrogens) please be careful as we enter summer in the northern hemisphere. hormone replacement therapy can cause your body to experience fluctuations in temperature, heat flashes, and changes in experience with ambient temperature. you may notice you're very cold or very hot a lot of the time. please be careful if you are going to be spending a lot of time in the sun, you may be more affected by it for a while as your body adjusts its experience with thermoregulation. we are approaching pride month, enjoy yourselves, but make sure you stay hydrated and don't let yourself overheat when and where possible, as you body may also be purging a lot of electrolytes if you are on spironolactone or are sweating a lot.