#economic history of India

[quotesfrommyreading]

According to the popular theory of “epidemiological transitions,” first articulated by the Egyptian scholar Abdel Omran, the demise of infectious diseases in wealthy societies was an inevitable result of economic development. As societies prospered, their disease profile shifted. Instead of being plagued by contagion, they suffered primarily from slow-moving, chronic, noncommunicable conditions, like heart disease and cancer.

I confess to once being a true believer in this theory. I knew from visiting places like the south Mumbai ghetto where my father had grown up that societies that suffered significant burdens of infectious diseases were indeed crowded, unsanitary, and impoverished. We stayed in south Mumbai every summer, crammed with relatives into two-room flats in a dilapidated tenement building. Like the hundreds of other residents, we flung our waste into the courtyard, carried our own water in aging plastic buckets to shared latrines, and fitted two-foot boards over the thresholds to keep out the rats. There – as in other crowded, waste-ridde, poorly plumbed societies – infection was a constant reality.

But then, thanks to the same conditions that brought cholera to the shores of New York City, Paris, and London in the nineteenth century, writ large, the microbes staged their comeback. Development in once remote habitats introduced new pathogens into human populations. A rapidly changing global economy resulted in faster modes of international travel, offering these pathogens new opportunities to spread. Urbanization and the growth of slums and factory farms sparked epidemics. Like cholera, which benefited from the Industrial Revolution, cholera's children started to benefit from its hangover: a changing climate, thanks to the excess carbon in the atmosphere unleashed by centuries of burning fossil fuels.

The first new infectious disease that struck the prosperous West and disrupted the notion of a “postinfection” era, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), appeared in the early 1980s. Although no one knew where it came from or how to treat it, many commentators exuded certainty that it was only a matter of time before medicine would vanquish the upstart virus. Drugs would cure it, vaccines would banish it. Public debate revolved around how to get the medical establishment to move quickly, not about the dire biological threat that HIV posed. In fact, early nomenclature seemed to negate the idea that HIV was an infectious disease at all. Some commentators, unwilling to accept the contagious nature of the virus (and willing to indulge in homophobic scapegoating) declared it a “gay cancer” instead.

And then other infectious pathogens arrived, similarly impervious to the prevention strategies and containment measures we'd long taken for granted. Besides HIV, there was West Nile virus, SARS, Ebola, and new kinds of avian influenzas that could infect humans. Newly rejuvenated microbes learned to circumvent the medications we'd used to hold them in check: drug-resistant tuberculosis, resurgent malaria, and cholera itself. All told, between 1940 and 2004, more than three hundred infectious diseases either newly emerged or reemerged in places and in populations that had never seen them before. The barrage was such that the Columbia University virologist Stephen Morse admits to having considered the possibility that these strange new creatures hailed from outer space: veritable Andromeda strains, raining down upon us from the heavens.

By 2008, a leading medical journal acknowledged what had become obvious to many: the demise of infectious diseases in developed socieites had been “greatly exaggerated”. Infectious pathogens had returned, and not only in the neglected, impoverished corners of the world but also in the most advanced cities and their prosperous suburbs. In 2008, disease experts marked the spot where each new pathogen emerged on a world map, using red points. Crimson splashed across a band from 30-60° north of the equator to 30-40° south. The entire heart of the global economy was swathed in red: northeastern United States, western Europe, Japan, and southeastern Australia. Economic development provided no panacea against contagion: Omran was wrong.

  —  Pandemic: Tracking Contagions, from Cholera to Ebola and Beyond (Sonia Shah)

[aristotels]

turns out that not only do they not teach geography in the usa schools they also dont teach basic reading skills

i think that, if youre usamerican and any time someone calls out your lack of knowledge on global geography you start talking about how bad the usa education is and how its actually not your fault that you dont know what continent nigeria is on because you cant look at the google maps bc donald trump will personally shoot you, youre very annoying

[feureau]

Dokumen-dokumen ini menjelaskan interaksi antara VOC (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie) dan penguasa lokal di Jawa pada akhir abad ke-18. Dokumen ini mencakup upaya untuk mengelola hubungan politik, termasuk penyerahan Maas Said yang berjanji setia kepada Soesoehoenang dan VOC, serta pengangkatan Pangerang Adepatty Sitja-Diningrat sebagai Wedono. Langkah-langkah ekonomi juga diambil untuk mengatasi dampak perang dan panen yang buruk, seperti memberikan pendapatan dari sarang burung walet dan tembakau kepada pemimpin lokal, mencabut larangan ekspor beras, serta memfasilitasi perdagangan barang seperti kopi, gula, kapas, dan nila. Upaya ini mencerminkan strategi VOC untuk mempertahankan kendali, membangun kesetiaan, sekaligus menjaga stabilitas pemerintahan lokal dan perekonomian. The documents outline the Dutch East India Company's interactions with local rulers and territories in Java during the late 18th century. They detail efforts to manage political relationships, including the submission of Maas Said, who pledged allegiance to the Soesoehoenang and the Company, and arrangements for local rulers such as the appointment of Pangerang Adepatty Sitja-Diningrat as Wedono. Economic measures were taken to address the aftermath of war and poor harvests, including granting income from bird's nest cliffs and tobacco to local leaders, lifting export bans on rice, and facilitating trade in goods like coffee, sugar, cotton, and indigo. These efforts reflect the Company's strategies to maintain control and foster allegiance while balancing local governance and economic stability.

314

LI. Gubernur Jenderal Jacob Mossel dan Dewan Hindia kepada Para Pengurus Kompeni Dagang Hindia Timur Belanda (HH. XVII)

Batavia, 31 Desember 1767

Yang Mulia,

Kapal pendahulu, Blydorp, telah tiba.

Mengenai pantai timur Jawa: Seperti yang disarankan oleh Yang Mulia pada akhir Desember tahun lalu, kami awalnya memperkirakan perlu mengambil langkah militer kembali melawan Maas Said pada musim semi ini untuk memaksanya menyerah. Namun, setelah Gubernur Hartingh kembali dari Semarang, situasi berubah menjadi lebih baik.

Pemberontak yang sebelumnya bersembunyi di pegunungan selatan akhirnya mengajukan penyerahan diri melalui surat, disertai janji persahabatan. Ia juga menyatakan kesediaannya untuk mengirim saudaranya, Timor, dan seorang Pringalaya kepada Soesoehoenang.

315

Maas Said menyatakan kesetiaannya kepada Kompeni dan Soesoehoenang, serta niatnya untuk hidup dan mati bersama mereka. Namun, ia terlalu ketakutan untuk segera pergi ke Surakarta, karena pasukan masih berada di dekatnya. Selain itu, ipar Sultan, Raden Tommogong Prowirodiridja, juga hadir, seseorang yang membuat Maas Said merasa malu dan enggan untuk berurusan dengannya.

Oleh karena itu, ia memohon agar Soesoehoenang bersedia menemuinya di luar Surakarta, sehingga ia dapat menunjukkan rasa hormatnya. Ia juga meminta untuk diizinkan duduk di kursi, seperti yang diberikan kepada Pangeran Madura. Kedua permintaan ini diserahkan kepada kebijaksanaan Yang Mulia, sementara pasukan dari Cajoe Manu ditarik ke Solo.

316

Pagi hari, hadiah dikirim ke istana dan kepada Tuan Saif sebagai bentuk dorongan, yang berhasil menciptakan dampak positif. Namun, utusan ingin mengajukan permintaan yang melampaui perintah Kaisar, yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Permintaan tersebut sangat berlebihan hingga melibatkan wilayah Sultan. Gubernur dengan bijaksana mengalihkan permintaan tersebut dan menjelaskan kepada Kaisar bahwa Jawa telah terbagi, dengan pesisir menjadi milik Kompeni, sementara kondisi wilayah pegunungan sudah diketahui.

Akhirnya, kesepakatan tercapai, di mana mereka puas dengan 4000 tjatjas (bidang tanah) yang terletak di Cadoesang, Laro Matesse, dan Pegunungan Selatan. Selain itu, atas permintaan rendah hati, Boesoehoenang diizinkan bersumpah setia kepada Sultan dan Kompeni di Aleoran, dengan janji untuk tinggal di Solo, hadir pada hari-hari resmi kekaisaran, dan mematuhi perintah para penguasa.

Ia diberi gelar kehormatan Pangerang Adepatty Mancoenagara. Administrator negara Sultan, Raden Adepatty Danoeredja, dan Mayor Donkel diberitahu tentang kejadian ini dan diundang ke lokasi yang sama. Semua ini dilakukan untuk memfasilitasi pertukaran tjatjas di distrik yang disebutkan, yang telah selesai dengan kepuasan kedua belah pihak.

317

Sejumlah f 6000 diizinkan untuk dicatat sebagai pengeluaran. Pangeran yang disebutkan menunjukkan sikap yang pantas dan menghormati serta mematuhi Soesoehoenang, yang istananya telah tumbuh dalam reputasi dan populasi sejak itu.

Para penguasa menekankan kemiskinan mereka, serta kondisi menyedihkan yang mereka alami akibat kehancuran perang. Hanya seperempat dari harta mereka yang tersisa. Mereka meminta dukungan dalam bentuk pendapatan dari sarang burung walet dan tembakau Cadoesche. Sesuai dengan saran kuat dari Gubernur, ini diberikan kepada mereka melalui surat khusus tertanggal 1 April tahun ini, dengan syarat mereka bersumpah setia kepada Kompeni untuk selamanya.

Adipati Madura, Pangerang Adepatty Sitja-Diningrat, atas permintaan baru, diangkat pada 25 Februari tahun ini sebagai Wedono (kepala wilayah) untuk wilayah timur dari Grissee hingga Lassum. Wilayah Surabaya, Sumenep, dan Pamacasan dikecualikan dari wewenangnya. Penunjukan ini bersifat pribadi dan tidak dapat diwariskan kepada keluarganya.

Selain itu, Tommogong Japara, kepala wilayah pertama Japara, diberhentikan karena usia tuanya. Ia digantikan oleh keponakannya, Wiero Mantri, yang kini menyandang nama Tommogong Praxa.

Di Cheribon, karena hasil panen buruk selama dua tahun terakhir dan kelangkaan yang terjadi, kantor Kompeni tidak perlu membeli beras atau padi, karena stok mencukupi. Setiap hari, beras dikirim secara pribadi dari Jawa, yang memungkinkan pencabutan larangan ekspor tanpa kekhawatiran, dan pengangkutan kembali diizinkan untuk semua pihak. Pengiriman mencakup 56 muatan beras, 1240 bundel padi, dan jumlah sedang seperti 976.937 pon kopi, 790.437 pon gula, 15.260 pon benang kapas, 5000 pon nila, dan 7875 pon lada.

314

LI. The Governor-General Jacob Mossel and the Council of the Indies to the Directors of the Dutch East India Company (HH. XVII)

Batavia, December 31, 1767

Your Excellency,

The forerunner (the ship) Blydorp, etc.

Regarding Java's eastern coast: Following Your Excellency's advice at the end of last December, it had been considered necessary to again take up arms against Maas Said this spring to bring him to submission. However, after the return of Governor Hartingh, who had been present in Samarang, the situation took a favorable turn.

The rebel, who had been hiding in the southern mountains, eventually submitted himself in writing, accompanied by assurances of friendship. He also expressed his willingness to send his brother Timor and a certain Pringalaya to the Soesoehoenang.

315

Maas Said declared his strong commitment to the Company and the Soesoehoenang, expressing his willingness to live and die with them. However, he was too overwhelmed with fear to travel quickly to Soeracarta, as the army was still nearby and had not yet departed. Additionally, the Sultan's brother-in-law, Radeen Tommogong Prowirodiridja, was present, with whom Maas Said felt ashamed and reluctant to engage.

He therefore pleaded for the Soesoehoenang to meet him outside of Soeracarta so he could show the necessary respect. He also requested to be allowed, like the Pangerang of Madura, to sit on a chair. Both requests were left to the discretion of His Highness, while the army of Cajoe Manu was withdrawn to Solo.

316

In the morning, gifts were sent to the court and Mr. Saif as encouragement, which had the desired effect. However, the representatives wished to submit a request that went beyond the Emperor's orders, which was not in line with the established protocols. This request was so excessive that it involved the Sultan's lands. The Governor tactfully redirected the request and explained to the Emperor that Java was divided, with the coastal areas being Company property, and that the situation in the uplands was well known.

Eventually, an agreement was reached, with satisfaction at receiving 4000 tjatjas (land parcels) located in Cadoesang, Laro Matesse, and the Southern Mountains. Additionally, at his humble request, the Boesoehoenang was allowed to swear loyalty to the Sultan and the Company on the Aleoran, with a promise to remain in Solo, appear on the customary Emperor’s days, and obey the orders of the rulers.

He was honored with the title of Pangerang Adepatty Mancoenagara. The Sultan's state administrator, Radeen Adepatty Danoeredja, and Major Donkel were informed of these events and summoned to the same location. All of this was done to facilitate the exchange of tjatjas in the aforementioned districts, which has already been successfully completed to the satisfaction of both parties.

317

An amount of f 6000 was permitted to be written off. The aforementioned Pangerang conducts himself appropriately and shows the necessary respect and obedience to the Soesoehoenang, whose court and status have since grown in both reputation and population.

The rulers emphasized their poverty, as well as the deplorable condition they were in due to the destruction caused by the war. Only a quarter of their possessions remained. They therefore requested support in the form of income from the bird’s nest cliffs and the Cadoesche tobacco. Following strong advice from the Governor, this was granted to them in a special letter dated April 1 of this year, on the condition of their eternal allegiance to the Company.

The Regent of Madura, Pangerang Adepatty Sitja-Diningrat, was, upon renewed request, appointed by decree on February 25 of this year as Wedono (chief regent) of the eastern territories and provinces from Grissee to Lassum. This excluded the regions of Sourabaya, Sumanap, and Pamacassan, which were outside his jurisdiction. This appointment was strictly personal and not transferable to his family.

Furthermore, the aged Tommogong Japara, the first regent of Japara, was granted resignation due to his advanced years. He was succeeded by his nephew, Wiero Mantri, who now bears the name Tommogong Praxa.

In Cheribon, due to poor harvests over the past two years and the resulting shortages, no rice or paddy had to be purchased by the Company office, as there was sufficient stock available. Daily shipments of rice were delivered privately from Java, which allowed the export ban to be lifted without concern and transportation to resume for everyone. The shipments consisted of 56 loads of rice, 1240 bundles of paddy, and moderate quantities of 976,937 pounds of coffee beans, 790,437 pounds of sugar, 15,260 pounds of cotton thread, 5000 pounds of indigo, and 7875 pounds of pepper.

314

LI. De Gouverneur-Generaal Jacob Mossel en Rade van Indie aan de Bewindhebbers der Generale Oost-Indische Compagnie (HH. XVII)

Batavia, 31 december 1767

WelEdele Hoogachtbare,

De voorlooper (het schip) Blydorp, enz.

Met betrekking tot Java's Oostkust: Ingevolge het door UEd. Hoogachtbare geadviseerde op het einde van december jl., had men overwogen dit voorjaar opnieuw genoodzaakt te zijn om tegen Maas Said de wapenen op te nemen om hem tot het uiterste te brengen. Echter, na de terugkomst van de toenmalig in Samarang aanwezige Gouverneur Hartingh, hebben de zaken een gunstige wending genomen.

De rebel, die zich in het zuidelijke gebergte schuilhield, heeft zich uiteindelijk bij een briefje van onderwerping en met verzekering van vriendschap bereid verklaard zijn broer Timor en een zekere Pringalaya af te zenden naar de Soesoehoenang.

315

Maas Said betuigde dat hij zich serieus verbonden voelde met de Compagnie en de Soesoehoenang, en voortaan bereid was met hen te leven en sterven. Toch was hij te zeer bevangen door angst om zich zo snel naar Soeracarta te begeven, aangezien het leger in zijn nabijheid nog niet vertrokken was en zich daar ook nog de zwager van de Sultan, Radeen Tommogong Prowirodiridja, bevond, voor wie hij zich schaamde en met wie hij niet graag zaken wilde doen.

Hij smeekte daarom dat de Soesoehoenang hem enigszins buiten Soeracarta zou willen ontmoeten, zodat hij de vereiste eerbied kon betuigen. Ook verzocht hij dat, net zoals de Pangerang van Madura, hij op een stoel mocht plaatsnemen. Beide verzoeken werden aan de keuze van Zyn Hoogheid overgelaten, terwijl het genoemde leger van Cajoe Manu naar Solo werd teruggetrokken.

316

’s Morgens werden, ter aanmoediging, geschenken naar het hof en aan de heer Saif gezonden, hetgeen effect sorteerde. De gecommitteerden wilden echter een verzoek indienen buiten het bevel van de Keizer om, wat niet in lijn was met de gegeven orders. Het verzoek was echter zo exorbitant dat het land van de Sultan erbij betrokken werd. De Gouverneur leidde het verzoek met tact af en legde aan de Keizer uit dat Java verdeeld was, waarbij de stranden eigendom van de Compagnie waren, en dat men bekend was met de situatie in de bovenlanden.

Uiteindelijk werd een akkoord bereikt, waarbij men tevreden was met 4000 tjatjas, gelegen in Cadoesang, Laro Matesse en het Zuydgebergte. Daarnaast, op zijn nederig verzoek, werd aan de Boesoehoenang toegestaan om trouw te zweren aan de Sultan en de Compagnie op de Aleoran, met de belofte om in Solo te blijven wonen, op de gewone Keizerlijke dagen te verschijnen en de bevelen van de vorst te gehoorzamen.

Hij werd geëerd met de titel van Pangerang Adepatty Mancoenagara. Over deze gebeurtenissen werden de Sulthans’ rijksbestuurder Radeen Adepatty Danoeredja en majoor Donkel geïnformeerd en naar dezelfde locatie ontboden. Dit alles diende ten behoeve van de uitwisseling van de tjatjas in de genoemde districten, wat reeds tot wederzijds genoegen was afgerond.

317

Een bedrag van f 6000 was gepermitteerd om af te boeken. Voornoemde Pangerang gedraagt zich naar behoren en betoont de verschuldigde eerbied en gehoorzaamheid aan de Soesochoenang, wiens hof en status sindsdien nog meer aanzien en volk heeft gewonnen.

De vorsten hebben nadrukkelijk hun armoede getoond, evenals de beklagenswaardige toestand waarin zij door de verwoestingen van de oorlog waren gebracht. Van hun bezittingen bleef slechts een vierde deel over. Zij verzochten daarom om ondersteuning door middel van inkomsten uit de vogelnestklippen en de Cadoesche tabak. Dit werd, op krachtig advies van de Gouverneur, in een aparte missive van 1 april jl. aan hen toegewezen, op voorwaarde van hun eeuwige trouw aan de Compagnie.

De Regent van Madura, Pangerang Adepatty Sitja-Diningrat, werd, op basis van een vernieuwd verzoek, bij besluit van 25 februari van dit jaar benoemd tot Wedono (opperregent) over de oostelijk gelegen landen en regentschappen, vanaf Grissee tot Lassum. Dit gold echter niet voor de regentschappen Sourabaya, Sumanap en Pamacassan, die buiten zijn bevoegdheid vielen. Deze benoeming was strikt persoonlijk en niet overdraagbaar op zijn familie.

Ook is de oude Tommogong Japara, de eerste regent van Japara, vanwege zijn hoge leeftijd ontslag verleend. Hij werd opgevolgd door zijn neef, Wiero Mantri, die voortaan de naam Tommogong Praxa draagt.

In Cheribon, vanwege de slechte oogsten van de afgelopen twee jaar en de daaruit voortvloeiende schaarste, heeft men bij het comptoir geen rijst of padi hoeven in te kopen, aangezien er voldoende voorraad voorhanden was. Dagelijks werd vanuit Java door particulieren voldoende rijst aangeleverd, waardoor het uitvoerverbod met gerustheid kon worden opgeheven en vervoer weer aan iedereen werd toegestaan. De aanvoer bestond uit 56 lasten rijst, 1240 bossen padi, en gematigde hoeveelheden van onder andere 976,937 pond koffiebonen, 790,437 pond suiker, 15,260 katoenen garen, 5000 pond indigo, en 7875 pond peper.

[insightfultake]

The East India Company: The First Startup of Imperialism

The East India Company (EIC) is often hailed as a groundbreaking entity in the realm of trade and commerce. However, its significance extends far beyond mere economic activities; it can be viewed as the first "startup" of imperialism, blending entrepreneurial zeal with colonial ambition. This article explores how the EIC exemplifies the startup model of innovation, risk-taking, and market disruption, while simultaneously laying the groundwork for imperialism in the modern world...click here to read more

[ciswomenofficial]

Transmisogyny might have had a dialectical relationship with European white supremacy and colonialism for the past several hundred years, and they might look similar in some ways because of how they were shaped by each other and by the same external pressures of this era, but if you think that transmisogyny is a result of white supremacy and colonialism, you don’t know much about the history of gender and patriarchy in Europe let alone the rest of the world.

[newsepick]

Ratan Tata's Impact on India - True Indian - Tribute to Sir Ratan Tata

From architectural marvels 🏛️ to ground-breaking business ventures 💼, Ratan Tata's impact on India is undeniable. Before leading the Tata Group, he studied architecture and designed architectural gems in Jamshedpur 💎. His philanthropic spirit shone through, with Tata Sons and Tata Trusts pledging Rs 1,500 crore to combat COVID-19 💪. He championed environmental sustainability 🌳, establishing the environment division at CII to support industry efforts. Tata's unwavering support for Indian startups, like Motopaws 🐶, fostered innovation and entrepreneurship 💡. A man of adventure ✈️, he obtained a pilot's license and co-piloted a Boeing F/A-18 Super Hornet fighter plane 🚀. His passing on October 9, 2024, left a profound legacy of vision, compassion, and innovation 🙏. News Card Contents: 👉 Who is Ratan Tata? 👉 His Passion for Architecture 👉 His Philanthropic Pursuits 👉 His take on Sustainability 👉 His Support for Startups 👉 A Licensed Pilot 👉 Tata: A Man Beyond Legacy For more news on the world of Business, check out Newsepick: https://app.newsepick.com

[townpostin]

Piloting a Nation through Uncharted Territories: The JRD Tata Story

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[empire-diaries]

India's $725 Billion Drain: Unveiling the Shocking Truth Behind Economic Meltdown | Empire Diaries

[signode-blog]

A Resounding Victory: The Indian Financial Market's Response to the 2019 Lok Sabha Election Results

The 2019 Lok Sabha elections in India were a significant event, not only politically but also economically. The landslide victory of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) under the leadership of Narendra Modi sent ripples across various sectors, notably the financial markets. This blog post delves into the intricate dynamics of how the Indian financial markets responded to the BJP’s victory and what…

[teachanarchy]

Globalization: How we got here | Modern World History 30 of 30 | Study Hall

[tim-hoe-wan]

I haven’t even opened the topic yet and literally can’t help yourself

[reasonsforhope]

Masterpost: Reasons I firmly believe we will beat climate change

Posts are in reverse chronological order (by post date, not article date), mostly taken from my "climate change" tag, which I went through all the way back to the literal beginning of my blog. Will update periodically.

Especially big deal articles/posts are in bold.

Big picture:

Mature trees offer hope in world of rising emissions (x)

Spying from space: How satellites can help identify and rein in a potent climate pollutant (x)

Good news: Tiny urban green spaces can cool cities and save lives (x)

Conservation and economic development go hand in hand, more often than expected (x)

The exponential growth of solar power will change the world (x)

Sun Machines: Solar, an energy that gets cheaper and cheaper, is going to be huge (x)

Wealthy nations finally deliver promised climate aid, as calls for more equitable funding for poor countries grow (x)

For Earth Day 2024, experts are spreading optimism – not doom. Here's why. (x)

Opinion: I’m a Climate Scientist. I’m Not Screaming Into the Void Anymore. (x)

The World’s Forests Are Doing Much Better Than We Think (x)

‘Staggering’ green growth gives hope for 1.5C, says global energy chief (x)

Beyond Catastrophe: A New Climate Reality Is Coming Into View (x)

Young Forests Capture Carbon Quicker than Previously Thought (x)

Yes, climate change can be beaten by 2050. Here's how. (x)

Soil improvements could keep planet within 1.5C heating target, research shows (x)

The global treaty to save the ozone layer has also slowed Arctic ice melt (x)

The doomers are wrong about humanity’s future — and its past (x)

Scientists Find Methane is Actually Offsetting 30% of its Own Heating Effect on Planet (x)

Are debt-for-climate swaps finally taking off? (x)

High seas treaty: historic deal to protect international waters finally reached at UN (x)

How Could Positive ‘Tipping Points’ Accelerate Climate Action? (x)

Specific examples:

Environmental Campaigners Celebrate As Labour Ends Tory Ban On New Onshore Wind Projects (x)

Private firms are driving a revolution in solar power in Africa (x)

How the small Pacific island nation of Vanuatu drastically cut plastic pollution (x)

Rewilding sites have seen 400% increase in jobs since 2008, research finds [Scotland] (x)

The American Climate Corps take flight, with most jobs based in the West (x)

Waste Heat Generated from Electronics to Warm Finnish City in Winter Thanks to Groundbreaking Thermal Energy Project (x)

Climate protection is now a human right — and lawsuits will follow [European Union] (x)

A new EU ecocide law ‘marks the end of impunity for environmental criminals’ (x)

Solar hits a renewable energy milestone not seen since WWII [United States] (x)

These are the climate grannies. They’ll do whatever it takes to protect their grandchildren. [United States and Native American Nations] (x)

Century of Tree Planting Stalls the Warming Effects in the Eastern United States, Says Study (x)

Chart: Wind and solar are closing in on fossil fuels in the EU (x)

UK use of gas and coal for electricity at lowest since 1957, figures show (x)

Countries That Generate 100% Renewable Energy Electricity (x)

Indigenous advocacy leads to largest dam removal project in US history [United States and Native American Nations] (x)

India’s clean energy transition is rapidly underway, benefiting the entire world (x)

China is set to shatter its wind and solar target five years early, new report finds (x)

‘Game changing’: spate of US lawsuits calls big oil to account for climate crisis (x)

Largest-ever data set collection shows how coral reefs can survive climate change (x)

The Biggest Climate Bill of Your Life - But What Does It DO? [United States] (x)

Good Climate News: Headline Roundup April 1st through April 15th, 2023 (x)

How agroforestry can restore degraded lands and provide income in the Amazon (x) [Brazil]

Loss of Climate-Crucial Mangrove Forests Has Slowed to Near-Negligable Amount Worldwide, Report Hails (x)

Agroecology schools help communities restore degraded land in Guatemala (x)

Climate adaptation:

Solar-powered generators pull clean drinking water 'from thin air,' aiding communities in need: 'It transforms lives' (x)

‘Sponge’ Cities Combat Urban Flooding by Letting Nature Do the Work [China] (x)

Indian Engineers Tackle Water Shortages with Star Wars Tech in Kerala (x)

A green roof or rooftop solar? You can combine them in a biosolar roof — boosting both biodiversity and power output (x)

Global death tolls from natural disasters have actually plummeted over the last century (x)

Los Angeles Just Proved How Spongy a City Can Be (x)

This city turns sewage into drinking water in 24 hours. The concept is catching on [Namibia] (x)

Plants teach their offspring how to adapt to climate change, scientists find (x)

Resurrecting Climate-Resilient Rice in India (x)

Other Masterposts:

Going carbon negative and how we're going to fix global heating (x)

[pebblegalaxy]

Angus Maddison and His Contributions to Economic History: Measuring and Comparing Economic Growth Across Countries and Regions Over Time

Angus Maddison (1926-2010) was a prominent British economist and economic historian who made significant contributions to the field of international economic history. His work focused on measuring and comparing economic growth across countries and regions over long periods of time, using data from his comprehensive Maddison Project Database. Education and Career Maddison received his…

[psychotrenny]

It's such a peak of USamerican chauvinism and ignorance that some people will say, sincerely with a straight face, that the USA is like "50 countries in a Trenchcoat". Like how else can you explain someone thinking that the very concept of Federalism is novel and unique to the US?

It's especially egregious because the USA is one of the most culturally and politically homogeneous Federations in the world today, matched only by other Anglo Settler Colonies like Canada and Australia. This homogeneity not being some accident or quirk of history, but a very intentional result produced by vicious policies of genocide and forced assimilation. Meanwhile the genuine diversity that exists in some Federal nations like India and Nigeria are also products of Imperialism; countless different cultures, economic networks and political structures being forcibly welded through conquest by a foreign empire that retains indirect economic control even after the concession of formal political independence. The whole "50 countries" line is just an all around stupid and insulting thing to say no matter how you look at it. Which makes it no wonder that the most obnoxious sorts of idiot love saying it so much

[normanemilioleongoodworlds]

FRANCE 24: "Black Panther" II : la France condamne la représentation des soldats français

FRANCE 24: "Black Panther" II : la France condamne la représentation des soldats français.

Oeuvre de fiction romancée sinon romantique contre démenti officiel des autorités françaises.

Que dire sans prendre un parti pris dans cette controverse qui se voudrait historique ?

On croit percevoir le dépit américain face au relatif désengagement occidental en Afrique subsaharienne en contrepoint d'avancée supposée indienne, russe et chinoise sur ce continent important en terme d'influence dans le monde.

Les Etats-Unis ne peuvent s'investir militairement en remplacement des français sur le terrain sans risquer un conflit direct synonyme d'un syndrome vietnamien potentiel.

Ils reprochent comme échec aux opérations Serval et Barkhane cette perte d'influence qui serait dûe à un mélange malsain entre intérêts économiques nationaux et sécurisation militaire stratégique face aux incursions islamistes qualifiées de terroristes sur ce terrain !

Ces reproches mal voilés s'explique par l'impreparation occidentale face à la tournure que prennent les évènements actuels. Les divisions dans le camp de l'occident semblent réapparaître au plus mauvais moment.

Le pillage des ressources immenses que recèle le continent africain ne sont pas l'apanage des français mais de tout l'occident.

Ce qui aiguise peut-être les appétits d'autres puissances.

On reconnaît dans ce différend narratif l'arrogance américaine et un certain amateurisme français.

Le résultat reste le même : échec à l'occident européen et américain en Afrique...

Emmanuel Macron doit assumer l'héritage d'opérations militaires initiées par ces prédécesseurs Nicolas Sarkozy et François Hollande, où la confusion entre intérêts économique de la France et lutte anti-islamiste mettant en danger ces intérêts a pu expliquer la fin de Barkhane et Serval.

CQFD.

Ce qu'il faut démontrer au risque de démentir les faits ainsi énoncés !

Amateurisme ?

Disons que Nicolas Sarkozy comme François Hollande semblent avoir sous-estimé la complexité des situations en Afrique à cause de positions de rente historique.

Ces opérations militaires ont été montées à la va vite sans réelles considérations géopolitiques et stratégiques pertinentes c'est à dire en tenant compte des réalités actuelles et non d'évidences appartenant à un passé historique. Le monde a changé, l'Afrique aussi.

D'autres intervenants se font jour, ainsi naît une sorte de concurrence géopolitique dont il faut tirer parti plutôt que d'en être victime.

La concurrence Islam monde chrétien en Afrique de l'ouest ne doit pas occasionner un biais anti-islamique nuisible à nos alliances historiques.

Pour le Sahara, l'expression politique des populations touaregs ne trouve pas de réalisation institutionnelle ce qui peut expliquer un recours systématique à la violence armée.

Sous estimer la complexité géopolitique pour tout mettre sur un islamisme mal digéré et régler cela à coup de fusil et d'opérations militaires relève d'une politique simpliste !

Le rôle de l'Algérie n'aurait pas dû être mésestime dans ces crises subsahariennes.

l'Algérie est une création artificielle du colonialisme français, ce pays n'existe pas réellement, il s'essaie à l'existence.

l'Algérie est l'homme malade de l'Afrique du Nord.

On ne réalisé pas l'existence tridimensionnelle de l'Algérie, il y a trois pays en un.

Les généraux de la côte ne lâcheront pas le sud à cause de son pétrole et de son gaz, le pétrole et le gaz appartiennent principalement à Gardahya et Tamanrasset.

Ceux de la côte pillent les richesses du sud à leur profit exclusif, c'est une exploitation des hommes du sud par ceux du nord.

Une division nord sud interne à l'Algérie, entre riches et pauvres !

La rivalité avec le Maroc doit être entendu comme une diversion pour masquer cette terrible réalité.

[lemurchick]

Another 'wonderful news' from Russia for your consideration! This week, the BRICS forum on traditional values took place in Moscow. And it was fucking insane.

In short, the opening meeting was BRICS countries representatives verbally jerking off on how well they oppress or plan to oppress their people especially women. The only person who bothered to contradict this narrative was Egyptian female writer Doha Mustafa Assy.

I will translate some quotes from the russian article. https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/7311174

Russia: "At some point the roles for women have begun to change towards independence and self-sufficiency. We, of course, love and respect our women very much, but we want them to pay more attention to their families, men and children. We do not want them to strive for business, politics, economics, power, or culture. <...> The main traditional value is the preservation of natural purpose, where a woman continues the family line and a man inspires her to give birth to children."

Pakistan: "Any traditional religion upholds and promotes social values and traditions. No father would want to harm his family. No mother would want to break up or disintegrate her family. This <rejection of family values> is deliberately imposed on us and promoted by some power circles”

Ethiopia: "In our country it is traditionally women who do the cooking, teaching children and other family duties. So the man's role is not as big as the woman's, and this tradition gives the man the freedom to behave like a child." (?????)

Uganda: [This country experience is “extremely important to the discussion of legislative protection of religious values,” emphasized russian politician Dmitry Kuznetsov, referring to the fact that in Uganda same-sex relations are prohibited, and in some cases violators face life imprisonment or even the death penalty.] “We did this to make sure that the country would be preserved. I would encourage countries to behave in such a way that the culture that exists in each country is not imposed on others.” btw Brazil and South Africa representatives didn't say a word here even though their countries legalized same-sex mafrriage years ago.

Brazil: "Marriage in no longer a goal for our citizens and the country has the highest divorce rate in history. Meanwhile, children are most often left with their mothers, with fathers unwilling to take part in their upbringing. As a result, many Brazilian boys are growing up without a father figure and 9% of male inmates in prisons don't even know their father's name. Shifting the balance in favor of women leads to the fact that the position of feminism is growing, and the number of people who identify as LGBT people is growing.” At the end of his speech, he marveled, “This is my first time in Russia, and I didn't know you guys were so conservative. I'm so happy, it's so impressive!” He also admitted that “the people of Brazil know nothing about Russia,” and Dmitry Kuznetsov promised: “We will come to you and tell you all about our saving conservatism.”

Egypt: As I mentioned in the beginning the only person who actively argued against this trend was Doha Mustafa Assy. She said: "We on the contrary has a struggle against patriarchy. Tradition and religion are not on women's side, they help men. A lot of women in Egypt ask for divorce only because they feel like slaves at home. He (the husband) has the right not to let her leave the house according to tradition. BRICS is India, it's China, it's Russia, it's Egypt. We are very different. And maybe what you are trying to do in Russia has already became a problem for us”.

To be honest I don't know what will come out of this forum. Maybe it's just empty posturing, maybe BRICS countries just sent people who had free time on their hand here as a formality. But I despair reading these quotes; twenty years ago we sent a singing duet posing as lesbians to Eurovision; ten years ago I was watching lesbian drama Blue Is the Warmest Colour in a full theater. Soviet Union gave women some attempt in an equal rights in fucking 1917 and we were the first country to send a woman in space. What happened? How has it turned this way? We are now friends with some of the most patriarchal countries in the world and with fucking North Korea. They are planning to remove the Taliban's terrorist status.

What the hell.