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Finally ya'll, it's Astra's character sheet!!! (all base/pose references go to @/albanenechi and I'll be using their refs more often for full bodies!)
I hope the quality of the image isn't bad and that ya'll can read the text when zooming in. I tried to make her chibi in that chalk-like style that the King's chibis have in safe adore mode, but mine looks more messy than polished. (her little chunky thighs are my favorite)
Enjoy!! Next...I'll work on Cain's (help me drawing gods)
#whb#what in hell is bad#whb oc#oc character sheet#my oc#whb polyships#poly ship#cxc mentions#cw gun play
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There's a certain CCCC summary video that we really, really like. We think it is a great video for people if they want to grasp the story more clearly, if they're confused, or if they're listening to the album for the first time.
That video being Chonny Jash and the Weight of the Mind on Youtube by W3tBl@nk3t. We think they cover it really well.
However, I'm sharing this for a different reason; they say few certain things that really struck with us until now, that I'd like to share with the fandom. Sometimes, we see people really just.. Miss the point of CCCC entirely, and I'd like to shine a light on what was said here. If you'd like to hear this for yourself on video, the timestamp is 35:57-36:45.
“..I bet we all could relate to that, they are the prime example of the side of you that suffers and the side of you that hates yourself for suffering:
The side of you that just wants to slow down and feel everything even to the unhealthy extent of not being able to do anything else(1), but also the side of you that so desperately wants you to get over it(2).
Sure, laying in bed all day every day to rot isn't healthy, but neither is boiling things down and invalidating your own emotions. Both are paths to inevitable disaster, and that's what Chonny is doing here. Keep in mind that the idea behind this album is being whole, and that means neither of these sides are entirely in the right or the wrong; this album is about inner compromise and acceptance(3).”
1.) The side of you that suffers; Heart. He is representative of Whole's emotions, he holds them. Your emotions can go haywire, especially when one's mentally ill and has no way of their feelings being validated. An emotional person like Heart suffers under the weight of crushing, devastating feelings. He wants to feel things out, have time to just process everything, even if it takes them days or weeks to get over it. It's not healthy, but feeling is what he does, and he wants to help because he knows he has importance. Solely focusing on just your emotions isn't the best thing to do, however.
2.) The side of you that so desperately wants you to get over it; Mind. Many people have been there, have wanted themselves to stop wallowing in their own emotions and just do something else, even to the point where you think feeling things out is unnecessary. This is also unhealthy, but not intentionally. Like Heart, Mind just wants to help, everything he does is in best interest. This is what he thinks will get them to move on the quickest; to leave behind emotions and focus on anything BUT that. Also not the best thing to do.
3.) This album is about inner compromise and acceptance; About being whole. Neither of Heart and Mind are right nor wrong. They have their own ways of doing things, of what they think will help their whole self out the most, but both are unhealthy despite the good intentions. They fight over who's wrong or right, when they shouldn't even be doing so in the first place. It's your thoughts against your emotions, basically; your feelings contradict your thoughts, and it leads to an inner war of sorts. This won't make things better, which is why you can't have Mind over Heart or vice versa; you'll need both of them. In the album, they are only able to be whole when they get along. They harmonize, they 'combine', they see eye to eye with each other and work together instead of fighting over and over. Inner compromise is achieved with this, and acceptance can lead them away from any disaster that there's to come.
What we're trying to say is that mental health is a large thing tackled within CCCC, and yet we see a lot of people who overlook it; thus, end up missing the point of the whole album. We see a lot of people believe Mind's perspective a little too much and treat Heart quite harshly, or the other way where people demonize Mind and say that Heart is perfect, when it's not really that in the slightest.
This is not a hate post towards people's interpretations of CCCC or how they view characters, I'm just saying that people can tend to overlook what's in the very narrative, and we see a concerning amount of people do such.
Anyways. Stream CCCC and put your Hearts and Minds in the get along shirt. Have a nice day.
#chonny jash#chonnys charming chaos compendium#cccc#cccc heart#cj heart#cccc mind#cj mind#mind chonny jash#heart chonny jash#I did not mention Soul once in this post. I am so sorry to all of the Soul enjoyers#whole was technically mentioned but this is not about him. so sorry to the Whole enjoyers as well#we rreally really really like this CCCC video#a lot#it does a great job at explaining things and is fairly good for an unbiased telling of the story#to reiterate though this is not a hate post#it's just a bit frustrating to see how many people say that mind is right or heart is right#but no.. that is not the point of cccc#and it's even in tse as well. the line 'neither is right yet neither is wrong'#personally we are big fans of heart and will defend him since he gets so mischaracterized#but we know and acknowledge that he isn't 100% correct and can be wrong for what he wants to do and has done#we love Heart but he did not have to pull that gun.#also. more justice for characters who make mistakes but aren't automatically super evil because they're just human.#we've seen how people lack that understanding in the fandom </3#hmsw are so incredibly flawed in a relatable way with such good writing#we feel like people overlook that so much#this post was scary to make but#we're doing it#here goes#CxC rambling and yapping#we haven't posted purely text posts in a while please don't come for our heads c4 fandom
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The celestial object of the day is E0102!


a supernova remnant located in the Small Magellanic Cloud. This object helps scientists study the chemistry inside stars, and it contains thousands of times more oxygen than the entire solar system!
#Image credit 1: X-ray (NASA/CXC/MIT/D.Dewey et al. & NASA/CXC/SAO/J.DePasquale); Optical (NASA/STScI)#Image credit 2: X-ray (NASA/CXC/ESO/F.Vogt et al); Optical (ESO/VLT/MUSE) Optical (NASA/STScI)#It also contains the first neutron star discovered outside the milky way!!#I got inspired by a book about the history of astronomy where this object was mentioned sooo hi#astronomy#astrophotography#space#outer space#nasa#nasa photos#science#supernova#Small magellanic cloud#space photography#space exploration#Celestial object of the day
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My favorite work of yours is Chicago, despite the very negative reception that you yourself give it. When reading, I found it to be so delightfully evil (without really endorsing the evil of institutions) from beginning to end, and I enjoyed every character’s shortcomings. I also am a big fan of Cicero. Always liked her in Fargo. Overall, I had a great time and I hope you make more works like that. Onto CxC!
No no no, I love Chicago. Chicago is certainly my most underrated work.
I wrote Chicago at a time when a tempest of bad things were happening to me, including the emergence of an extremely annoying and persistent hatemailer who spammed me with hundreds of anonymous asks and reviews bashing on Chicago, and this definitely lowered my self-conception of Chicago's quality as I was writing it (and led to the major burnout that caused me not to write anything for two years before I wrote CxC). But since then, I have come to look at Chicago extremely fondly. I love its final arc, which is probably the most mentally deranged I have ever been while writing a story. The fight scene between Clownmuffle and Darien/Berwyn is probably the best fight scene I've ever written.
Besides, in Chicago my powers of unintentional foresight achieved their greatest accomplishment:
"Do any of thee know today's date?" "January the fifth," said everyone together, glad for an easy question. "And what occasions tomorrow, the sixth? What especial event?" Nobody spoke at first. January sixth, some obscure holiday? The Empress's birthday, maybe? Cicero betrayed a microscopic bacterium of discomposure, while Aurora seemed to have resolved herself into a perfect statue. The most movement came from Joliet, whose fingers extended one by one by her side—she was counting. After two full handfuls her eyes illuminated and she nearly staggered forward out of the space of the Centurions and into the space of the Empress, only just barely restrained by the invisible barrier that disconnected them, a frantic flash in her face, her lips and eyes purple: "Twelfth—hkkkk—Twelfth Night! The twelfth night, skkaaahh, after Christmas—the Theophany—the—the Magi's revelation that Jesus Christ was the incarnation of God!" She wheezed, panted, hissed, stooped over herself, seized her knees as though she had sprinted a long distance, looked up at her mother. Her mother said: "Incorrect." Some phantom force kept Joliet from falling. "Firstly, tonight is Twelfth Night, save by the estimation of certain sects we consider inconsequential, and secondly, Twelfth Night is not the night of the Theophany but the night prior." "Hkkkkkah, hkkk, I meant that, I meant that tonight is Twelfth Night, tomorrow the—" "Silence." Joliet fell silent. "Thou hast better to not speak than to speak falsely. It marks a pedant or dilettante who noises at the first mention of a topic they consider their expertise, only to distort basic facts. In either case, Theophany or not, the deity of Puella Magi has yet to reveal Herself to the Gentiles. Inconsequential, inconsequential—" The Empress turned on her heel, her outfit revolved around her, and she paced toward the opposite end of the room, the topic put entirely from her mind and the interruption utterly obviated. "Tomorrow, January the sixth, is the date the One Hundred Thirteenth United States Congress reconvenes for the commencement of its second session."
Anyway, thanks for enjoying Chicago! Have you read Cleveland Quixotic? I would say that's my work most similar to Chicago, and also one of my more underrated ones.
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hopeless devoted to you
AO3 link
Chapters: 1/1
Fandom: MDZS
Rating: Explicit
Warnings: No Archive Warnings Apply
Relationships: Wei Wuxian/Jiang Cheng
Characters: Wei Wuxian, Jiang Cheng
Additional Tags: No Golden Core Transfer (Modao Zushi), Alternate Universe - Canon Divergence, Dark Wei Ying | Wei Wuxian, Dark Jiang Cheng | Jiang Wanyin, Top Wei Ying | Wei WuxianBottom, Jiang Cheng | Jiang Wanyin, Obsessive Behavior, Possessive Behavior, Blood and Violence, Mentions of Murder, Mentions of severed limbs, Porn With Plot, Anal Sex, Blow Jobs, Demonic Cultivator Wei Ying | Wei Wuxian, Biting, Throne Sex, Service Top, Oral Sex, Hand Jobs, Riding, Power Dynamics, Protective Wei Ying | Wei WuxianCreampie, Smut
Summary:
After finishing one more job in Jiang Cheng's name, Wei Wuxian is ready to receive the rewards his precious shidi always has ready for him.
[Written for the Chengxian Zine 2025. Hosted by the CXC Heaven Discord Server]
▪︎ ▪︎
I had this one sitting on my drive for a year now and finally got a chance to finish it for a special occasion: the first chengxian zine of the fandom!
I had a great time writing this one, but the result made me even happier! Especially with the zine getting over 400 pages. So please feel free to read it, and make sure to also download the free zine here.
Hope you enjoy <3
#chengxian#xiancheng#mdzs#wwx#jc#chengxiancheng#wei wuxian#jiang cheng#yunmeng shuangjie#chengxian zine
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im selective sharing with an f/o and im so so soooo tired of seeing him getting shipped with this other guy in the series, that dudes such a god damn prick and their friendship is heavily one sided, i genuinely dont understand why its so popular in that fandom, it triggers me so bad seeing my f/o kissing on him or what have you, because that would never happen!!! not to mention if you are openly against that ship the fandom will harass you, so i cant say anything about it even if i wanted to,,, urgh,, ⭐️
i understand you anon!!!! people can be so hostile about cxc ships in fandom spaces 😔. i wish the tumblr blacklisting system was better honestly, that way there wasn't that instant need to peek anyways. If it'll help, i like to try and reframe it with having your f/o looking at it with you when you stumble upon it and be like " haha oh no thanks.." so sorry you have to endure seeing it left and right in the wild anon :{
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Welcome to Ask Lovebugs!
This is a blog about Shrignold and Valentine, an original character
CW/BYF:
•There may be innuendos or dirty jokes
•Drugs may be mentioned
•Probably no gore, but considering DHMIS is a very gorey series, you probably shouldn’t interact with DHMIS content if you don’t like gore
•I’m a Shrignold yume, but I’m comfortable with other cxc ships including Shrignold
RULES:
•No overtly sexual content
•Keep swearing to a minimum
•No hate speech or harassment, even if fictional characters (yall get INTENSE)
•Don’t sent off topic asks (all questions either refer to dhmis or are directed towards Shrignold and Valentine, try to avoid asks specifically about other characters)
•Don’t spam
•Don’t send asks that are just replies to previous posts. Just comment or repost.
I might add more to either list in the future!
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Ask The Hashira (+ others)
Characters always open + (pronouns) + ;; tag
Me/Tamayo (she/he/they/it/er) ;; ooc
Muzan Kibutsuji (he/her/Lord/Lady/Highness) ;; insects
Iguro Obanai (he/him/himself) ;; Forked Tongue
Mitsuri Kanroji (she/her/herself) ;; Kisses!!
Giyuu Tomioka (he/him/himself) ;; Water Breathing
Kyojuro Rengoku (he/they/fire) ;; BLAZE OF GLORY
Tengen Uzui (he/they/perfect/flashy) ;; Stay Flashy!
Sanemi Shinazugawa (he/they/wind) ;; Wind Hashira
Shinobu Kocho (she/butterfly) ;; Float like a butterfly
Gyomei Himejima (he/him/himself) ;; pray for the wicked
Hotaru Haganezuka (he/him/himself) ;; Chip and Shatter
Enmu (he/sleep/REM/dream) ;; Shut Eye
Zenitsu Agatsuma (he/thunder) ;; Thunderclap and Flash
You can ask any character in kny anything, the above are just the ones I will immediately get back to
Kagaya Ubuyaskiki (he/him/his) ;; Beautiful skies
If you are interested in rp, please read below :)
ALLOWED:
Romance/love interests - I will include a list of CxC relationships below
OC + canon interactions - please remember I am replying in character and it will not be my opinion of your character (Shinazugawa is a dick)
your OC + my OC interactions - I have four Demon Slayer OCs that I will include
Violence towards certain characters (it's Demon Slayer, it's expected)
Blood, gore, guts, screaming, fighting, etc. - Once again, it's Demon Slayer
Turned!Character interaction - Slayer turned Demon
Swearing (ABSOLUTELY NO SLURS)
Multi-character rp
If you're on anon, please pick a tag or emoji so I can keep track
Genderbent character - just let me know first
NOT ACCEPTED:
Homophobia of any kind
Racism of any kind
Sexism of any kind
Smut
Hate speech
Anger toward my response times - I have a life and my life has shit happening, deal with it
GRAY AREAS:
Self-harm - as someone who struggles, I find it triggering when s/h is described in heavy detail - I'm alright with mentions of scars, struggling or cutting but please do not go into great detail
Eating disorders - same as s/h
Character pronouns - I have them listed above, please respect them - if you would like to interact with a genderbent version just tell me ahead of time
Suicide - once again, mentions are fine (ex. "ever since [character] killed themself..."), but please do not go into great detail
Interaction with me - it will be labeled as ooc, and please specify that you are talking to me or I will reply in character
Nezuko or Tamayo interaction - I have a special connection to these characters, please respect that
Minor interaction - please let me know if you intend to have romance or love interest so I can age some characters up
Mitsuri - please do not talk excessively about her tits. I get it, they're great, she's an amazing woman, but please do not - can be mentioned in passing
Shinobu - same as Mitsuri
Simping - depends on character
IF YOU WOULDN'T POST IT ON YOUR PERSONAL BLOG, DO NOT MAKE ME POST IT ON MINE
RESPECT:
THE CHARACTERS - human or not, please treat all characters with the respect deserved
THE CREATOR - please follow my rules and remain respectful as I am a being with emotions, thank you
YOURSELF - you matter and you are loved, please treat yourself like it (I'm always open to talk if you need <3)
SHIPS - you may request certain character interactions if they are not listed, but I make these lists to display what I am comfortable with
IRLs - I am a Nezuko and Tamayo IRL, if you do not believe in dissociative disorders or IRL people, please do not interact with me - if you do not believe in them but can see past it, feel free to interact, just don't harass me about it
RELATIONSHIPS:
Muzan Platonically : Kagaya, Upper 6, Lower 6, OC Romantically : Enmu, OC DNI : none
Obanai Platonically : Hashira, Demon Slayers, OC Romantically: Mitsuri, fem OC DNI : Serpent demon, cult
Mitsuri Platonically : Hashira, Demon Slayers, OC Romantically : Obanai, Shinobu, OC DNI : none
Giyuu Platonically : Hashira, Demon Slayers, OC Romantically : Sanemi, Sabito, masc OC DNI : none
Rengoku Platonically : Hashira, Demon Slayers, OC Romantically : Uzui, OC DNI : Akaza
Uzui Platonically : Hashira, Demon Slayers, human!Daki/Gyutaro, OC Romantically : Rengoku, Makio, Suma, Hinatsuru, OC DNI : none
Sanemi Platonically : Hashira, Demon Slayers, OC Romantically : Giyuu, OC DNI : none
Shinobu Platonically : Hashira, Demon Slayers, Kanao, Kanae, OC Romantically : fem OC DNI : Douma
Gyomei Platonically : Hashira, Demon Slayers, OC Romantically : none (aroace) DNI : none
Haganezuka Platonically : Canon, OC Romantically : OC DNI : none
Enmu Platonically : Muzan, OC Romantically : Muzan, Upper Rank OC DNI : none
Zenitsu Platonically : Hashira, Demon Slayers, OC Romantically : fem OC DNI : Spider demon family
Kagaya Platonically : Canon, OC Romantically : Amane DNI : none
masc OC = only male fem OC = only female OC = any gender Canon = any canon character human! = demon-turned-human
#ask away!#ask blog#ask me anything#muzan kibutsuji#obanai iguro#mitsuri kanroji#giyuu tomioka#kyojuro rengoku#tengen uzui#sanemi shinazugawa#kocho shinobu#gyomei himejima#hotaru haganezuka#enmu#zenitsu agatsuma#kny hashira
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my roleplay rules !!
requests: open !
•••
hello, i’m net ! (:
contents
i. main muses/ships
ii. what i’m looking for in a roleplay partner
iii. what i’m looking for in a roleplay partner: extra information
iv. plots/au’s
v. replies
vi. i’m not into the roleplay, what do i do ?
vii. triggers and nsfw
<3
i. main muses/ships
i’ll usually make a post if i’m currently looking to roleplay a certain ship, but i also take requests as well ! the fandoms i’ve make roleplay posts for in the past are all fine to request ships from !
although, here are some things i will not roleplay:
pedophilia/incest/etc. (anything that revolves around a relationship dynamic i don’t agree with)
anything with genderbent characters/alternative canon characters in cxc pairings
ii. what i’m looking for in a roleplay partner
please be either literate or novella. my responses vary in length from a few to a couple paragraphs based on my level of inspiration in the moment. that doesn’t mean i will always give lengthy responses, and i don’t expect the same from you either, but i want there to be an equal exchange with replies
please be 20 or over (if you’re above 25, please let me know and i’ll tell you if i’m comfortable or not)
please be able to roleplay over discord
i also prefer to include NSFW in my roleplays, so i prefer you be okay with that as well ! (DOES DEPEND ON THE SHIP, BUT APPLIES FOR MOST CASES)
*more information below
iii. extra information
if you prefer to send me a message over discord instead of talking here, please message me and i will give you my handle. please include your own user name as well so i know the request is coming from you
iv. plots/au’s
i’m always open to hear plot/au ideas you may want to try ! i try to have a variety of different plot ideas prior to planning and don’t mind working together to come up with an alternative plot as well
v. replies
my replies are based off of if i’m motivated to reply, meaning if i’m unmotivated i’m less likely to reply until that motivation comes back. that being said, i can’t give a time frame as to when i’ll reply, but if i need to take a break i will let you know. please do not consistently pester me to reply
if a long span of time passes without a reply, feel free to remind me or mention it ! chances are i’m either lacking inspiration or just busy with life. i also welcome casual chatting outside of roleplay and encourage it, so feel free to use that as a way to ask about replies as well
if you need a break from the roleplay, don’t be afraid to tell me ! i encourage you to take a break if you’re busy with things or just can’t find the time or motivation to reply. don’t feel like you have to push yourself !
vi. i’m not into the roleplay, what do i do ?
if you’re not interested in the roleplay anymore, don’t be afraid to tell me ! you don’t owe me an explanation of any sort and i won’t ask for one but please tell me instead of staying quiet ! if you’d prefer not to tell me though i don’t mind if you leave the conversation and i won’t question you for it
if you’re unhappy with the plot we’re using in the roleplay and are open to the idea of changing it, i’m totally down and willing to plan out a new plot to use ! just mention the idea to me and we can work it out ! this also applies to starting a completely different roleplay. if we’ve already been roleplaying, i’m more open to doing any roleplays you may be more interested in !
vii. triggers and nsfw
i’m pretty lenient in terms of triggering things that could be mentioned, although there are some things i will not want included in roleplays. if i’m uncomfortable with something being mentioned within the roleplay i will let you know. feel free to send any triggers you have as well so i know what to avoid !
i also have a preference to include NSFW/smut within my roleplays, but it does differ depending on the age of the characters/their dynamic. if you’re unsure, just ask !
•••
if you’ve read this entire post, thank you so much ! it means a lot to me (: if you feel you’ve found a suitable roleplay partner and want to message me, my dm’s are open !
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Hello! I’m looking for a 18+ rp partner for CxC rps. Mainly looking for HTTYD since I just recently started the series and I am in love with it, and ROTG. If HTTYD id like to try my hand on Dagur :)
fandoms im in include:
- Transformers (can try Starscream and Cyclonus
- Dead by Daylight (confident as Sadako and Pinhead, Wesker, Alien
- Monster High (Kieran Valentine)
and as mentioned:
- How to Train your Dragon
- Rise of the Guardians
If interested you can find me on discord :> ragefloods
-
#roleplay#rp#Transformers rp#dead by daylight rp#monster high rp#how to train your dragon rp#rise of the guardians rp#httyd rp#rotg rp
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I love when I find picrews to fuel my own AUs (random blurb below the cut)
Now my OCs are kissing. Cain ofc is bratty asf, Damian is being himself. (what's the fun part is that they're both fankids but Damian is Lucifer's kid with one of my other OC's) Their ship is that Damian is older than Cain by a couple centuries give or take. But they don't really cross each other's paths at all until Cain's anniversary of becoming the ruler of Hell. (to make things easier he's like 20ish in human years and Damian is in his later 20s)
What brings them together is Damian's "rudeness" of not knowing who Cain is he's only heard of him and never knew what he looked like. Plus Damian goes back and forth from Hell and Earth periodically so he's not really up to date with many things.
While Cain is Hellborn naturally by two devil parents, Damian is mixed, Angel/Dragon/Human (his mother is half dragon and one of the last female dragon's that lived in Gamigin's prior realm! It's a long story I think I already talked about it before? Maybe? Perhaps later) Also Despite Damian being the older one, he's quite immature at times and likes to tease Cain who's pretty much similar to Leviathan in mannerisms based on "formality" but as his walls break down, he's more relaxed.
(look at Cain he's so damn grumpy lmao)
The colors are close enough though not entirely accurate to their design, especially for Cain's hair which is Leviathan's hair color if I remember correctly is like a dirty blonde? All all they had was the golden blonde 😭 so ig he gets this color which is closer to an off white/Satan's hair (the tips of his horns are red, so these horns work)
His style of dress again, is reminiscent of Hades since that's where he grew up majority of the time, but what's not seen in the photo is that he wears the same boots Satan gave him when he first started walking (they grow with him based on magic and they're resistant to all types of daily and heavy duty wear)
I also had him facing toward Damian because there was no option to add his third eye.
Damian here looks pretty spot on to how I designed him, only difference is his vitiligo isn't showing because there was no option for it and the scar that's on his eyebrow goes all the way down through his eye. Unlike his father Lucifer who very serious and doesn't react as much, he's the complete opposite very affectionate, though can be a bit of a pain in the butt. However, his voice is monotone, very chill (think of those asmr folks) and doesn't seem to match his facial expressions so he sounds condescending which isn't entirely his fault lol
Lucifer swears that it's as if the universe took the best parts of himself and his mother and threw it into Damian. ANYWAYS that's me and my random blurb for today. I'm currently working on inbox stuff so it will be radio silent for a while and then bursting with activity on my blog...I've also been updating my computer a bunch today so there's that. link to the picrew btw: https://picrew.me/ja/image_maker/2578443
#whb oc#whb au#oc au#oc ship#my ocs#picrew oc art#cxc mention#whb! cxc#only tagging the previous tag because Cain is a fankid of two canon characters#i'm highly considering making them their own mlm love story on the side
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CXC and BE's albums (Brat and HMHAS) are weirdly similar snippets of ideas and musical movements and very short and surprisingly deep and weirdly I felt both of them more then TTPD (not to be shady)
no because i made a post talking about how listening to both those albums felt so refreshing to listen to (i only mentioned billies but i was also thinking of charli's)
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Green Light for LISA - Technology Org
New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/green-light-for-lisa-technology-org/
Green Light for LISA - Technology Org
The European Space Agency’s most expensive and complex mission, the LISA space antenna, has reached a major milestone: it has passed the stage of intensive testing by experts in the Mission Adoption Review process – a significant step for the LISA consortium.
Artistic representation of the LISA space antenna. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/NASAEA/ESA/CXC/STScl/GSFCSVS/S.Barke (CC BY 4.0)
The LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) mission to investigate gravitational waves in space has completed the preliminary studies and testing phase. During this phase, the entire concept – from the technical specifications of the scientific instruments and operating system to the devices that will need to be built for use in space – was carefully scrutinized by experts as part of the Mission Adoption Review. Following the review, the Science Programme Committee of the ESA (European Space Agency) officially confirmed that the technology is mature enough to continue developing the mission as planned. In other words, the mission got the “green light” to go ahead. The space antenna, which will be used to observe gravitational waves in space and thus detect collisions of supermassive black holes, will be launched around 2035.
More than 120 research institutions across Europe and the United States are involved in the LISA mission, including the ETH Zurich and University of Zurich (UZH). Philippe Jetzer, professor of gravitation and astrophysics at the University of Zurich, and Domenico Giardini, professor of seismology and geodynamics at ETH Zurich, have been closely cooperating on the project for more than two decades. In this interview, the professors outline the expectations for the mission and explain the involvement of the two Swiss universities in Zurich.
The LISA mission has been given the go-ahead! What does this mean for space research? Domenico Giardini: A lot! We must remember that 95 percent of our universe is still regarded as dark energy or dark matter because it emits no electromagnetic waves, remaining invisible to all our telescopes. Gravitational waves will allow us to investigate this invisible universe. All that Ligo-Virgo observed was the final collapse of stellar black holes with a duration of less than one second. This was due to major background seismic noise on Earth and the fact that instruments with maximum arm lengths of four kilometres can only measure higher frequencies. LISA will overcome these limitations: there is no seismic noise in space, and LISA can register much lower frequencies thanks to an arm length of 2.5 million kilometres. This will make the detection of the collapse of supermassive black holes possible as well as countless close galactic binary star systems – not to mention a vast number of dynamic objects and phenomena that will help us understand how the universe was formed and how it continues to evolve.
Philippe Jetzer: This launch is the result of several decades of work spent on maturing the technology needed to build this gigantic space antenna. LISA will provide us with a new view of the universe. We hope to gain new insights into its origins and development – such as how the Big Bang came about. Perhaps, we will also find out whether Einstein’s theory of relativity is valid across the board, or whether there are any deviations that would give us new insights into the fundamental laws of physics.
How are ETH Zurich and UZH involved in this mission? Domenico Giardini: ETH Zurich plays a central role in LISA. Working together with Swiss industry and with the support of the Swiss Space Office, we are supplying the front-end electronics for the gravitational reference sensor, the heart of the LISA measurement system. This sensor enables the spacecraft to follow the reference mass. We are also participating in ESA’s Performance and Operation Team, building the Swiss node of the Distributed Data Processing Centre. Together with other European and American nodes, this node processes all the data sent by LISA, builds global models of our universe and identifies the catalogue of gravitational wave sources. I am a member of the LISA Executive Committee and the LISA Consortium Board.
Philippe Jetzer: In my working group, we have focused on investigating the possible sources of gravitational waves that LISA could observe. With the help of Einstein’s theory of general relativity, we have calculated various expected forms of gravitational waves. These different models will be needed at a later date to enable LISA’s data to be analysed a lot more precisely. Our calculations are therefore of great importance for the precise planning of the mission and thereafter. I have been a member of ESA’s LISA Science Working Team for many years, as well as a member of the LISA Consortium Board.
What does the research team plan to work on next? Domenico Giardini: In addition to activities related to the delivery of the electronics and the construction of the Swiss data centre, our research will focus on developing better global models and pipelines for data analysis and the identification of gravitational wave sources. This will enable us to create a digital twin of our universe in close collaboration with the University of Zurich and other ESA and NASA nodes.
Philippe Jetzer: Following my co-authoring of the Red Book – a detailed summary of the scientific objectives and technical aspects of the LISA mission – we will start calculating ever better models of gravitational waves and working on other observations that could be made possible by LISA. These are very complicated calculations that can be continuously improved. These studies will continue for several years – certainly until the satellites are launched and the data is analysed.
The antenna will be launched into space in 2035. What other hurdles does the project still have to overcome? Domenico Giardini: One challenge will be to complete the antennas on time. Three identical satellites will need to be built that send each other signals in a triangle formation with the utmost accuracy and over huge distances. Given the shortage of experts in industry and academia, we need to plan the necessary processes very precisely. As far as I know, the team does not anticipate any insurmountable technical challenges. Some highly detailed studies have been carried out, and we can draw on our experience with the very successful LISA Pathfinder test satellite, in which we were also involved.
How does it feel to be involved in such a prestigious and lengthy project – even if you probably won’t be able to play an active role at the time of its launch? Domenico Giardini: LISA will run for more than 50 years, and three generations of scientists will be working to make the mission a success. We are obviously delighted to have the privilege of playing a central role in this mission. In 2015 we witnessed the fantastic launch of LISA Pathfinder live.
Philippe Jetzer: We won’t be there in person when the LISA satellites are launched in 2035. But we are confident that we will be able to help with the next, very intensive preparation phase and with the initial analysis of the data. Some of our former and current doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers are still involved in LISA’s preparation and are very active in the field of gravitational wave research. Two new professorships will also be established at ETH Zurich and the University of Zurich. Other colleagues from ETH and UZH are already involved or are interested in participating at a later stage.
Source: ETH Zurich
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Creating some of the most powerful gravitational forces and fields in the universe, black holes are known for their extreme nature, including the ways in which they can devour and destroy whole planets and stars in a matter of seconds. When black holes consume planets, stars, and other cosmic objects, the matter from the collision between the two objects gets violently thrown around space — creating streams of particles traveling near the speed of light from black holes. These streams of particles are known as jets, and while scientists know that these jets can accelerate particles, known as cosmic rays, they know very little about the exact process by which the particles are accelerated. Recently, a team of scientists utilized the X-ray capabilities of NASA’s Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observatory to investigate how cosmic rays within black hole jets are created. More specifically, the team investigated Stephenson and Sanduleak 433 (SS 433), a microquasar comprised of a black hole pulling in material from a nearby star. SS 433 is the first microquasar ever discovered and is located in the center of supernova remnant W50, also known as the “Manatee Nebula,” which is located within the constellation Aquila, approximately 18,000 light-years away from Earth. SS 433 contains extremely powerful jets that move at velocities greater than 77,249 kilometers per second — roughly 26% the speed of light. In fact, the jets are responsible for the manatee-shape of W50. Labeled composite image of supernova remnant W50 showing the location of SS 433’s black hole and jet. (Credit: (IXPE) NASA/MSFC/IXPE; (Chandra) NASA/CXC/SAO; (XMM) ESA/XMM-Newton; (Infrared) NASA/JPL/Caltech/WISE; (Radio) NRAO/AUI/NSF/VLA/B. Saxton; (Infrared/Radio Image) M. Goss et al.; (Image Processing) NASA/CXC/SAO/N. Wolk/K. Arcand) As mentioned, to investigate the jets of SS 433, the scientists, led by IXPE principal investigator Philip Kaaret of NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama, utilized IXPE and its suite of telescopes. IXPE’s three telescopes measured the polarization — a special property of X-ray light that allows scientists to understand the organization and alignment of electromagnetic waves at X-ray frequencies — of the jets to better understand the physical processes that were occurring in and around SS 433, as well as how particles were being accelerated within the jets. IXPE observed the eastern lobe of SS 433 for a total of 18 days throughout April and May, 2023. Within this eastern lobe sits one of the particle acceleration sites that Kaaret et al. are interested in investigating, as well as synchrotron radiation, which are emissions comprised of energetic electrons spiraling in a magnetic field. The results from IXPE showed that the magnetic field around SS 433 is surprisingly intact and organized. For decades, scientists have theorized that when the jets interact with the surrounding interstellar medium, a type of shock would be created, thus creating disordered and messy magnetic fields. “The IXPE data show that the magnetic field near the acceleration region points in the direction the jets are moving. …The high level of polarization seen with IXPE shows that the magnetic field is well ordered, with at least half of the field aligned in the same direction,” Kaaret said. Aritst’s impression of SS 433. (Credit: NASA) Given the new result, Kaaret et al. had to think of new ways to explain the origin of the aligned and organized magnetic fields of SS 433 and other microquasars. Kaaret explained that the magnetic fields within the powerful jets could be trapped and stretched when the jets come into contact with matter within the interstellar medium — directly impacting the alignment of magnetic fields within regions of particle acceleration like the eastern lobe of SS 433. See AlsoIXPE UpdatesSpace Science CoverageNSF StoreClick here to Join L2 SS 433 was discovered in 1977, and, since the 1980s, scientists theorized that the jets of the microquasar accelerate particles and act as a sort of particle accelerator. However, it wasn’t until 2018 that scientists using the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory in Mexico were able to confirm that the jets indeed act as particle accelerators. Later observations of the jets using NASA’s Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, or NuSTAR, and the European Space Agency’s XMM-Newton X-ray observatory pinpointed the exact region of acceleration within SS 433. Kaaret et al.’s results will not only help future studies into microquasars and jets created by black holes, but also studies into tens of hundreds of different cosmic phenomena. More specifically, the data will allow scientists to determine whether the aligning of magnetic fields in outflows expelled by cosmic phenomena — such as debris ejected from exploded stars, or blazars — occurs in a similar process as it does at SS 433. “This very delicate measurement was made possible by the imaging capabilities of IXPE’s X-ray polarimeters, making possible the detection of the tenuous signal in a small region of the jet 95 light-years from the central black hole,” said IXPE’s Italian principal investigator Paolo Soffitta. IXPE launched on Dec. 9, 2021, atop a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Florida. The mission is a collaboration between NASA and the Italian Space Agency and aims to measure the polarization of several cosmic phenomena, including cosmic X-rays ejected from black holes, neutron stars, pulsars, and more. Furthermore, IXPE maps the magnetic fields of black holes, pulsars, neutron stars, supernova remnants, magnetars, quasars, galactic nuclei, and other exotic astronomical objects. Kaaret et al.’s results were published in the latest edition of The Astrophysical Journal. (Lead image: Composite image of supernova remnant W50, with the bright blue/purple jet from SS 433 seen in the center of the remnant. Credit: (IXPE) NASA/MSFC/IXPE; (Chandra) NASA/CXC/SAO; (XMM) ESA/XMM-Newton; (Infrared) NASA/JPL/Caltech/WISE; (Radio) NRAO/AUI/NSF/VLA/B. Saxton; (Infrared/Radio Image) M. Goss et al.; (Image Processing) NASA/CXC/SAO/N. Wolk/K. Arcand) The post IXPE investigates microquasar jets, finds unexpected magnetic field structure appeared first on NASASpaceFlight.com.
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The youngest member of an important class of objects has been found using data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Australia Compact Telescope Array. A composite image shows the X-rays in blue and radio emission in purple, which have been overlaid on an optical field of view from the Digitized Sky Survey. This discovery, described in the press release, allows scientists to study a critical phase after a supernova and the birth of a neutron star.
Systems known as "X-ray binaries" are some of the brightest X-ray sources in the sky. They consist of either an ultra-dense star packed with neutrons --- a.k.a., a "neutron star" --- or a black hole that is paired with a normal star like the sun. As these two objects orbit one another, the neutron star or black hole pulls material from the companion star onto it.
A new study shows that the X-ray binary called Circinus X-1 is less than 4,600 years old, making it the youngest ever seen. Astronomers have detected hundreds of X-ray binaries throughout the Milky Way and other nearby galaxies. However, these older X-ray binaries only reveal information about what happens later in the evolution of these systems.
Astronomers were able to determine the age of Circinus X-1 by examining material around the orbiting pair. While the source itself has been known for decades, the neutron star is usually so bright that the glare from its X-ray light overwhelms any faint emission surrounding it. The new Chandra data were obtained while the neutron star was in a very faint state, which meant it was dim enough for astronomers to detect the faint afterglow created by the supernova explosion plowing through the surrounding interstellar gas. This, combined with characteristics of the radio emission, allowed the researchers to pinpoint the age of the supernova remnant. In turn, this information reveals the age of the neutron star since they were formed at the same time.
These results have been published in the December 4th issue of The Astrophysical Journal. In addition to those mentioned above, the other authors on this paper are Peter Jonker of the SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Niel Brandt of Penn State University, Daniel Emilio Calvelo-Santos of the University of Southampton, Tasso Tzioumis of the Australia Telescope National Facility, Michael Nowak and Norbert Schultz of the Kavli Institute/MIT, Rudy Wijnands and Michiel van der Klis of the University of Amsterdam.
Image credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison/S. Heinz et al; Optical: DSS; Radio: CSIRO/ATNF/ATCA

X-ray Binary Circinus X-1 (NASA, Chandra, 12/04/13) by NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center
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Guidebook to the First Hellspawn: Cain
This is just a silly little thing on Cain's upbringing and how his life stages are:
Infant stage
-Doesn't have horns just yet there are tiny nubs of flesh on the top of his head though, and they get massaged gently
-For the first 50 years he's an infant (birth to age 1), literally screaming, crying, not talking, slobbery infant
-Food during this time is a mix of devil's essence pumped from Levi (yes devil breastfeeding) and mashed whatever, he can have solids right from birth
-He needs a little less supervision than human babies, Cain can be left in the middle of a nursey by himself and he will only cry if he's hungry. Or...uh needs to be changed.
-Wears diapers just like any other baby. But phew...if you thought changing baby boys without them peeing everywhere was hard...
-Teething starts around 25 years in to his infancy, poor babe has Satan's teeth grinding habits and well devil teeth growing in at this age is horrible for everyone involved.
-Cain has successfully chewed up pretty much everything in the palace and slobbered on everything. He gets super cranky, and the only way to soothe his gums is literally everything they tell us not to do for human babies. Satan rubs rum on his gums, Leviathan has Morax give him numbing agents. Good thing this doesn't effect his growth since he's not human.
-Toys are to be replaced frequently. With Cain's spit and biting they are pretty much destroyed. Like think of the thickest liquid you can and try to clean it and it won't come off. Devil baby slobber.
Toddler Stage
-From 10-30 (ages 1-5 in human years) Cain is now in toddler stage. For now he's aging slowly to give his body time to catch up with his powers and other devilish developments.
-For Cain, he only crawls if he's being cheeky or lazy. He's been able to walk on his own for a while and still does the cute waddle.
-First words are whatever he hears the most. Since he's in both Hades and Gehenna his vocabulary is quite colorful. He will pick up curse words mostly from Satan who says it around him on purpose.
-Levi has now allowed Cain to be babysat for short periods of time by other nobles. Satan is the one that still refuses for now. He's always on Daddy duty.
-Fun fact: Satan has Cain in one of those baby carriers strapped to his chest while he's out doing stuff. Cain learned to growl because Satan would do so when people got too close ;w;
-Since Cain can walk, this means he also can open doors, climb stairs, climb the ceiling (i'm not joking). Also it has been found by Leviathan that he befriended the creatures in his coffin.
-Cain also has to learn potty training, it's only difficult because Cain hates having his butt wiped. Peeing is also a challenge because when he doesn't like certain people or is mad, whelp...guess who's getting pissed on.
-Levi is perfect for potty training. He's never done it in his life but his strict teaching gets Cain into shape fast. But...our little hellspawn is defiant when it comes to his babysitters.
-There are accidents, but it's no big deal. But devil baby messes are potent because his digestive system is excellent.
-Toys have upgraded, he's no longer teething but it's important he sees Morax often for dental checkups so he doesn't end up like his dad and having get several teeth pulled from being broken or fucked up in some way.
-Cain's first pair of shoes were little black boots. They kinda look like Satan's boots, which clash with his distinguished clothing from Hades. But he likes them, alot.
-His powers are still limited but his strength is wild. He can lift the dining room table in the palace. In both Gehenna and Hades.
-Naps are important. Cain is starting to eat more solids, therefore having a ton of energy to play but also gets exhausted easily for now.
-No nap time equals a very cranky Cain. Terrible twos? Try terrible hundreds
Child Stage
-30-50 (5-13 in human years)
-Cain could speak in full sentences in Toddler stage, but by choice he didn't want to talk much. Now he's talking nearly non-stop due to questions and curiosity.
-Has picked up art and other extracurricular activities. But he makes art at "human college art major" at this time. It is the same as his other academics.
-All of his teachings are from Leviathan but his math is from Gusion who comes highly recommended. He's the star pupil actually.
-Combat training has begun during this time. He goes to the gym in Gehenna, and learns how to fight with his own coffin. Though, due to his special abilities he rarely uses his strength or his coffin.
-He can dress and feed himself on his own with very little help. His social interactions are a bit rough, since he seems to insult everyone. He also has a nasty attitude. Everyone just deals with it for now.
-Discipline has begun as well. Levi's approach is having him hung from ropes by his wrists until he stops cursing and thrashing. Satan gives him the same treatment as he does his subjects and nobles...a swift kick in butt. (disclaimer, I am 110% against physical correction/abuse for kids, however I assume in hell punishments are harsh even for children)
-Cain's appetite is also higher, he eats about 10 pounds of food a day.
-Growing pains have started, including his horns growing and shedding. The pain is bearable, but the base near his scalp needs to be massaged and oiled.
Teen Stage
-50-108 (13-18 in human years) Cain is now going through "puberty" during this time and it's not just simple things as fluctuating hormones, squeaky voices, and acne.
-Cain's appetite has upgraded...He pretty much needs to eat at minimum 40 pounds of food no matter what it is daily. Thankfully, Tartaros is the best place where he can eat that and then some...suggested by Eligos and offered by Mammon.
-Cain's moods are balanced for the most part unless something pisses him off. Unfortunately since he has Satan AND Levi's temperament that could mean anything is bond to irritate him.
-These "mood swings" last for weeks at a time. They are only subsided when he decides it is.
-A "gross" thing that happens is his horns excessively leaking devil's essence, he's begun producing it so it's pretty much just flowing everywhere.
-Sexual maturity will happen as well. In Hell there really isn't a "safe sex" talk. Cain is left to his own devices, but by choice he'd rather be by himself to explore his body and urges. (best thing for him really)
-No need for him to worry about hair in strange places, most devils are smooth.
-In also terms of sexual maturity, there is something only special to Cain that must be followed carefully. There are certain cycles of the moon/sun in Hell that effect his urges think of "heat/rut". This time period Cain must be isolated, his pheromones' are haywire and attract all kinds of trouble (even angels).
-Academics and other education is advanced. His brain is now that of a Doctorate level if we use human standards. He will surpass that in adulthood.
-Cain's muscles are similar to Levi's, lean and athletic. Though they must be maintained with exercise. Cain currently runs everyday around Hades and Gehenna interchangeably and when in Tartaros getting his fill of food, he frequents the gym there. (he can open Mammon's door by himself btw)
Adult Stage
-109+ (Pretty much outlives us so any age after 18 in human years)
-The "puberty stage" has completed. No more inconsistent mood swings, excessive essence leaks, etc. Good for you Cain!
-His skills in combat are precise, faster, and agile. He can spar with the Kings one on one without being assisted by a noble.
-No more being supervised, though Ppyong follows him around as per Satan's request (can't let his bby son go huh) Also, there are times where Foras tracks Cain is Levi thinks he's sneaking off somewhere.
-As a teen, he only shadowed helping in battles against the angels, but he's now able to handle them alone or with the respective military of whichever country he's in
-Adult responsibilities for Cain now consist of paperwork, learning about how each country runs, frequent trips to each one to observe the culture and subjects. He is going to be the ruler of Hell, so it's essential
-For reaching adulthood, he's received gifts from each King that will be of some use. He also now has horn jewelry, bloody pearls made from marine-like angels that have been harvested by Adrealphus and Ronove. Levi commissioned this for him.
-Now he is of age to get a piercing, but since Beelzebub has babysat him, fed him, pretty much "annoyed" him for the majority of his life he gives Cain a sternum tattoo. His ears are pierced. Cain won't let him pierce anything else.
-He isn't required to go for checkups with Morax anymore, but he does it anyway because he likes visiting the healers in Paradise Lost.
-Appetite has balanced out substantially. He eats until he feels okay, no set dietary rules.
-Sexual maturity and essence levels are steady. There are many devil suitors wanting to be in his bed chambers, but Cain is picky (like Levi).
-Cain's new hobbies and activities are a wild card. You can see him riding motorcycles in Gehenna or quietly studying in Hades.
-He still has heat/rut cycles, however they are far and few in-between.
-Asmodeus has provided Cain with special custom sex toys for those times. He's so considerate.
-Cain lives alone. Nomadic even. Some say he got that from a certain flighty devil
-He still does not have a favorite parent. Lol
Thank you for reading btw this was fun to write out Cain's life stages. I feel that in this universe growing up a child devil is very different than it would be for a human. Even though I am aware there's probably more sex education put into practice for younger ages for my own reasons ofc I did not go into detail for this little post. Just assume it happened ya'll and Cain knows what he knows. Parenting is parenting in Hell. (edit: I just realized that canonically, 109 is considered an adult in Hell for WHB, so I adjusted Cain's growth cycle here to reflect that! and so the timelines in my au kinda make sense)
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