#alexander hamilton jr.

[lizahamilton]

My Children and Their Birth Dates

Phillip - 22 January, 1782

Angelica - 25 September, 1784

Alexander Jr. - 16 May, 1786

James Alexander - 14 April, 1788

John Church - 22 August, 1792

William Stephen - 4 August, 1797

Eliza - 20 November, 1799

Phillip "Little Phil" - 1 June, 1802

We also raised Frances "Fanny" Antill, an orphan who lived with us for ten years starting in 1787 (she was two years old). Alexander and I had 9 children, including the ten years Fanny was with us.

[a-modernmajorgeneral]

Dating Mexican silver is somewhat easier than most Latin American objects because of an assaying system established by royal decree in the viceroyalty of New Spain. However, few objects carry the full complement of required marks, and other means are needed to fully understand the silver. Stylistic analysis of the form and the delicate, flat, Mannerist strapwork decoration of this chalice suggest a fabrication date of about 1600. A published example of the crowned “M” Mexico City location mark helps date the paten to the same period.

The chalice is one of seven ecclesiastical items unearthed in St. Augustine, Florida (see History) in the late nineteenth century. Long thought to be Spanish and only recently recognized as Mexican, the vessels are a rare and early body of church silver made for Spain’s North American colonies. St. Augustine was colonized by Spain in 1565, making it the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the United States. The town’s strategic location on the Gulf Stream, where it protected Spanish vessels laden with South American silver en route to Europe, prompted Spain to provide financial support, which extended to the spiritual life of the inhabitants.

From the beginning, religious and daily life in St. Augustine were interwoven. Upon his arrival, founder Pedro Menéndez de Avilés (1519 – 1574) brought “eight church bells and four ornaments for celebrating Mass.” When Spain became responsible for the colony, funding for the clergy and the goods required for the celebration of Mass were included in the annual budget for Florida’s military garrison. Between the late sixteenth and later eighteenth centuries, most sacramental goods were purchased from Mexico. Proximity was a primary reason, for, in the age of sail, communication was slow. More compelling, however, was the financial incentive — revenues collected in Mexico provided the budget that sustained the Florida colony.

The early date of the chalice and its survival are remarkable given the many dangers through which it passed. How and when it came to be buried at some distance from the parish church of St. Augustine may never be fully determined, but the following events could account for some of its movements.

In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, St. Augustine was often attacked by English soldiers. During some assaults, such as South Carolina’s unsuccessful six-week siege in 1702, church goods were moved for safekeeping into a fortress called the Castillo de San Marcos. In 1763, when Florida was awarded to the British as a consequence of the Seven Years War (French and Indian War), all moveable church property was shipped to Havana, Cuba; an inventory from the next year records that these items included a “copón [cup] without a foot, silver and gilded on the inside,” a description similar to the chalice in this entry. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 returned Florida to the Spanish, and the ecclesiastical goods were repatriated. An inventory taken in 1787 mentions chalices but lacks details that could identify this example.

St. Augustine joined the United States in 1821, and the parish found itself without financial support due to the separation of church and state under U.S. law. This stressful period was compounded by a largely anti-Catholic Protestant population that had emerged during the years of British occupation and renewed Spanish ownership. Chief among this group was District Attorney Alexander Hamilton Jr. (1786 – 1875), who argued that property of the Roman Catholic Church under the Spanish crown should pass to the U.S. government. Such rhetoric may have prompted church members to quietly relocate the chalice along with the rest of the ecclesiastical silver.

In 1823 Hamilton ran for the office of Territorial Delegate of Florida. Minorcan Catholics, an ethnic Spanish immigrant group affiliated with St. Augustine parish from the time of British occupation, sent a petition to President James Monroe protesting that Hamilton had threatened his opponents with unfavorable decisions on land claims. The name of Bernardo Segui appeared at the top of the document. Segui served as president of the Board of Wardens, which was incorporated that year by the Florida Legislative Council as trustee-proprietors of parish property. He also owned a plantation house on the land purchased in 1871 by the donors of these two objects. It is on this land that the church silver was discovered in 1879.

Church officials had reason to fear the loss of their silver, for the attitude of the Protestant majority was unsympathetic to their culture; upon seeing the communion objects at St. Augustine church in 1827, author and poet Ralph Waldo Emerson observed in his diary that they appeared to him as “great coarse toys.” Church wardens had access to the church building and its furnishings, and it was not uncommon for them to house such items. Segui may have sought to protect the sacred silver items from falling into government hands.

This text has been adapted from "Silver of the Americas, 1600-2000," edited by Jeannine Falino and Gerald W.R. Ward, published in 2008 by the MFA. Complete references can be found in that publication.

Description

The chalice has a raised bowl with straight, slightly everted sides. The lower third is encircled with an applied molding that extends horizontally from the body; four small rings are soldered at equidistant points along the circle. The rings were originally intended to hold small bells that would have rung as the priest raised the chalice during Mass. Below is a cup form with stapwork decoration that bulges slightly before tapering to a short trumpet-shaped stem having two flat graduated rings along a narrow stem. A large baluster with additional strap decoration descends to smaller forms. The foot, now lost, has been replaced with a modern wooden base. The chalice, including the concealed central rod, has been gilded; some residual accretions from the period of its burial remain inside the bowl.

Marks

"M" crowned, the Mexico City location mark, visible at base of chalice bowl.

Inscriptions

None.

Provenance

By 1878, unearthed from property on Oneida Street, St. Augustine, Florida, by property owners William H. Keith (b. 1803 - d. 1885) and Harriet Lovett Keith (b. 1837 - d. 1917), St. Augustine and exhibited at Bigelow, Kennard and Co., Boston; 1880, placed on loan to the MFA; passed by descent and in 1928, given to the MFA. (Accession Date: August 21, 1928)

NOTE: It is not known when this object, along with six other pieces of ecclesiastical silver (MFA accession nos. 28.464 – 28.470) was buried. The cross (28.468) is inscribed with the date 1721 and the name of the Spanish governor and captain general of Florida, Antonio de Benavides (1718 – 1734). It has been suggested that the silver was buried after Spain ceded Florida to the United States in 1821, in response to fears that the U.S. government might seize church property. See Jeannine Falino, Silver in the Americas, 1600-2000. American Silver in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (MFA, Boston, 2008), pp. 465-466, cat. no. 370, and pp. 524-525, Appendix I.

▪︎ Cáliz (Chalice).

Culture: Spanish Colonial

Date: ca. 1600

Place of origin: Mexico City, Mexico

Medium: Silver gilt

[rillunax]

Did you know that Burr’s pose at the end of The Room Where It Happens is the opposite of the iconic My Shot one?

I realized that when rewatching the recorded play and was inspired to draw this

[twosdays-trash]

I have beef with the FIA and the lack of safety they promote within F1.

While Formula 1 is considered the safest its been ever with its current safety measures put in place for drivers, i feel its also one of the most toxic environments for drivers at the same time

Motorsports are a feeding ground for people who are willing to do whatever they can to race and win, f1 isnt the exclusive with this "i will race regardless" mentality (looking at you motoGP), and they certainly wont be the last. But i feel that due to the large amount of fans and media that comes with f1 it is very important to be more open and push for driver safety in both physical and mental aspects.

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I mostly wanna focus on three different things in this: the medical/safety procedures in the case of an accident, the physical health of the drivers, and mental health of the drivers.

This is not an attack on the medical/safety staff that are taking care of the drivers, they are doing wonders and are amazing. I'm criticizing the FIA for the procedures that should be updated or changed in order to ensure greater safety on and off the track.

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1 - the medical/safety procedures in the case of an accident

In the case of an accident in f1 i have noticed that it takes medical and safety Marshalls a long time to get to the scene of the accident due to the location of the safety cars. With the medical cars being exclusively located in the pitlane it takes the cars around 5 minutes, give or take, depending on length of track, location of the crash, and if its the 1st lap, to get to the accident.

In these high speed situations, especially in f1 where they dont have spotters, its incredibly dangerous to let drivers continue to drive full speed for long after a crash. Due to these long periods of time between when a flag is waved and when medical personnel can get to the scene of an accident it is also incredibly dangerous. In many situations that amount of time can greatly increase the chance of injury and heighten the probability of injuries becoming worse like physical wounds, bad concussions, and other cars hitting the already crashed out driver(s).

At one of the practice sessions durring the Indy500 in 2015 James Hinchcliffe crashed into the barrier and was pierced by the car through his leg to his abdomen and was losing a lot of blood. Due to the ability of the safety team to get there in 30 seconds, cut him out, and get him to the hospital so quickly absolutely saved his life.

Compared to an accident that occurs on the opening lap, with the safety car on track, and Marshalls around the track, it still took 2 (two) minutes for anyone to get to max after his massive crash at Silverstone 2021. That is far too long, especially with the caliber and how much speed and G force he encountered during the crash it should have been far more urgent.

Now you might say, "oh but thats only one example in indycar!" Well, Typically the time between the safety car coming to a halt in the crash and the marshals getting to the car it takes between 15-30 seconds regardless on whether its a race or practice/qualifying. 15 TO 30 SECONDS. This speed of arrival also happens regardless of the severity of a crash, seeing as a crash is a crash and is handled as such. This video details how many marshalls are in each car, what they do, and also shows how quickly they arrive at the scene of a crash.

When comparing crashes in terms similarity of the accident in f1 and indy i typically turn to the Fernando Alonso's and Simon Pagenaud's crashes where they flipped over. I find that for as similar as they are the difference in immediate medical attention is wildly different.

Both crashes are incredibly similar seeing as they both hit gravel and did multiple barrel roles the aid afterwards was very different. While Pagenaud needed assistance to be released from his car and Alonso, they both landed against the wall along with landing in similar spots on the track despite the two different locations (and years [Australia 2016 VS Mid Ohio 2023]). Yet it took medical staff half the time to reach Pagenaud compared to Alonso.

When watching these clips I've also noticed the amount of time/what flags are waved in the occurrence of these accidents. With Pagenaud it was an immediate red flag within seconds, where as Alonso was a had a yellow flag that was announced ~40 seconds after and at the same time the marshalls got to him.

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2 - physical health of the Drivers

both sports have incredible care of their drivers and make sure to care for their drivers in the case of an accident, i feel that the mentality and enforcement of post-crash or post-injury care is far too lax in F1.

In f1 i find that the mentality is that of a toxic marriage. Sort of.

They take the "in sickness and in health" very seriously and will drive regardless of the state of their own body. And while its a good mentality to be willing to do as much as you possibly can, there is a limit to what they can and should be doing.

Starting with the OGs, Niki Lauda racing with literal fresh burn wounds and (a separate time) with broken ribs. Mark Webber racing with pins in his broken shin. Lance driving with his broken wrists and toes. Max driving with his concussion (2021). Alex driving 2 days after coming out of a coma from appendicitis. Carlos driving days after the surgery of his appendicitis. QATAR 2023 AS A WHOLE. I can go on and on about different times and instances where drivers are not healed or well enough to drive, yet no one thinks to stop them???

Yes they are adults and they can do what they want as long as their doctors clear them, but there should be a limit, right?

f1 is all about pushing the limit, but should that limit be the physical health and well being of the people driving the cars?

how many possible concussions and injuries get ignored simply because a crash was "small" and didn't set of the G-Force monitor?

And i dont know if its the difference in American VS European culture that allows the drivers in Indycar to seek out help and understand their limits, but its truly amazing seeing how well drivers take care of themselves in Indycar compared to f1.

Not to say f1 drivers dont take care of themselves, they just dont allow themselves to be injured/ill even if they are.

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3 - driver mental health

The stress of the drivers in both series are intense, but wildly different.

Ive found that diet culture is very different in f1 and indycar. Again maybe its the difference of USA vs Europe but i think the main thing is how important weight is in f1 compared to indycar.

Every gram, ounce, and pound is critical in an f1 car and by extension: the driver. Thats why the drivers are always so thin, have lean muscles and are on super strict diets.

Ive brought this up with my family, but when looking at drivers in f1, especially the taller ones like Ocon, its incredibly disconcerting and scary to see men who should be at least 200 pounds being 140. It's even more scary when you hear George Russell talking about how he needs to lose weight in order to get faster.

Its horrifying listening to interviews where drivers talk about weight or food in terms with getting faster. The interview that makes me just absolutely distraught is the one of Nico Rosberg talking about how he "won the championship" becusse he lost weight to gain seconds. He stopped doing things he loved (biking) because he needed to lose muscle weight. He took as much weight as he could off his helmet to get lighter.

Then there is Alex Albon talking about the goal is to lose the most amount of weight possible while still being functional enough to do the race. While he isnt saying it as something bad, comparing it to a boxer losing weight before match, its still insane that they cannot eat/drink as much as they want without "costing" the team time and money.

Its almost on par with models and their diets.

Where as in Indycar many of the drivers talk about going to get burgers, getting beer, eating hearty foods and just gaining muscle without fear or worry is amazing. Not to mention it also seems more normalized for the drivers to talk out and be more open on if they are struggling or generally not having a good time.

Maybe indycar just have more available drivers at hand that they can sub in if needed, but they are also racers and want to drive as soon and as much as possible. Yet in indy they lack that mindset of complete disregard of ones self, for some reason.

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This probably isnt gonna be the last you hear of me on this topic, but i just wanted to put this out there. If theres anything ive missed or didnt cover well enough/incorrectly lmk and ill edit it or make a new post ^^

[iseveryoneherederanged]

I swear to god hurricane is criminally underrated cause "when my prayers to god were met with indifference, I PICKED UP A PEN, I WROTE MY OWN DELIVERANCE" has me crying, shaking, throwing up and there is something deeply wrong with anyone who disagrees

[hamilton---admin]

Aaron Burr dies:

Burr: *approaches Heaven*

Hamilton: wELL IF IT ISN'T AARON BURR, SIR

Burr: *screams*

[dont-tell-my-mom-im-here]

Having Hamilton's son be played by the same actor who plays his twink boyfriend was a wild choice and I respect Lin Manuel Miranda for it

[britney-rosberg06]

I predict China to have a lot of Mercedes coverage and merc fans my heart goes out to you cuz holy shit like: Kimi Antonelli testing the W14 next week, Sebastian Vettel throwing his hat in the ring to return with backing from Lewis, Fernando and Carlos not nailed down anywhere, George ahead of Lewis in the championship, Toto on his Max Verstappen apology tour and saying NOTHING about ANYONE, Williams falling apart while Alex still kinda hanging in the background as an option of all these Merc talks, The car is shit and people are leaving left and right, but their feeder series kids are kinda popping off

And Nico Rosberg is gonna be there to talk about it all

[farbexx]

guys, I think bro's non-stop!

[alexanderhamiltonhasafatass]

"The Hamilton family is so cool!"

The Hamilton family:

[papers-pamphlet]

Only a total of three people here will get this

[figuresinthehaze]

What’s your name man?

[capitalisticveins]

Aaron Burr wouldn’t have missed

[jadelemonadee]

hamilton community we should all draw our faves as their pictures with the 1800s camera lens 😛😛😛 (search hamilton josh lehrer photos if you wanna see some of them ^_^)

example:

[poscariastri]

i cant stop making these and im glad you guys enjoy them too! f1 drivers as tumblr (and twitter) textposts by yours truly:3

and! @hotwheelschili said on one of my other posts that carlos is the ultimate man with big beautiful brown eyes like a baby cow and i cant argue with that so. here :)