#Thermal Conductivity Materials

[materialsscienceandengineering]

There are three different modes of heat transfer: thermal conduction ( 2 ) ( 3 ), or heat conduction, is the transfer of energy through physical contact by means of molecular motion. When molecules on one surface bump into molecules of another surface, they exchange energy, the higher energy molecule (higher temperature substance) transferring energy (heat) into the lower energy molecule.

[shahzadshafique]

The U-value, or thermal transmittance, is an essential factor to consider in building design and construction. It is a measure of the rate of heat transfer through building components and can significantly impact energy efficiency and the comfort of building occupants. A low U-value indicates that the building component is well-insulated and can prevent heat loss or gain, thereby reducing energy consumption and associated costs.

[deathworlders-of-e24]

We finally did it. We slipped the surly bonds of Earth to step among the stars. It took over two decades of research, billions of dollars of taxpayers money, and almost every country on the planet working in tandem, but after the International Space Coalition was founded it was almost effortless.

Faster than Light travel was accomplished almost on accident. Just the right ratios of radioactive material and an ‘ever so slight’ gravitational anomaly generator was all it took. To keep the population safe from any possible drawbacks, the first launch of the FTL drive, or Warp, was conducted at Tranquility Base on the moon. Either that was minimum safe distance or there wasn’t any, so it was decided to just roll the dice. The Angel was built there, the ship that would go further than any before it. The drive was set for Alpha Centauri, the big red button was pressed, and off they went, 300 crew members, going faster than anyone else in the history of mankind.

After 4 months, 319 ‘people’ came back. The extra 19 individuals wore special thermal suits to keep their body temperatures stable, and each had scaled skin with varying hues of greens and grays, with elongated prehensile tails. Their eyes were almost solid black, save for some red around the edges. Their hands were like a chameleon’s with only 3 fingers each. If it hadn’t been for a heads up from the Angel’s captain, the first words out of the welcoming party mouth would’ve been “they’re lizards!” Honestly the only thing they had in common with us was that they were bipedal.

Apparently the people of the ‘Alpha System’ as we called it, the Quintins, were just as surprised to see us as we were them. 2 ambassadors, 7 scientists, 10 military escorts, and a partridge in a pear tree came with them back to Earth. They just had to see it, after hearing stories of home from the crew aboard The Angel. They had to see how a world so full of dangers, from predators to the sheer deadly climates, could have allowed such a species as humans to exist let alone thrive and advance far enough to get off the ground.

The surprises didn’t stop there either, as if finding out WE ARE NOT ALONE wasn’t a big enough shock to the human race. The Quintins weren’t the only species out there, they were in fact only one people in a collective, a Grand Assembly of Intelligent Lifeforms (it sounded longer in Quin tongue but they brought auto translators) or The GAIL, and the Human race was immediately eligible for probational membership. Developing the WARP capabilities was what sealed it. Faster than Light travel was the first prerequisite for joining the GAIL. The second was a planetary inspection, and since the Quintins were our first contact, who better? It was time to meet the neighbors for the human race.

That was 50 years ago. Now the Human Race were full fledged members of The GAIL, and the International Space Coalition was renamed into simply the Terran Academy, putting out graduates of every field imaginable. We had an entire fleet of WARP enabled ships, spreading human explorers into the depths of space.

The only problem these days were the rumors. 50 years of interaction with alien species had made one thing clear to the rest of the universe at large:

Their planet is completely unstable

Their bodies are unimaginably fragile while simultaneously unbreakable

They claim not to have a hive mind but nobody believes that for a second

They seem to ‘pack bond’ outside their own species

They’ll eat anything (maybe even you)

The Humans make no sense

THE HUMANS ARE DEATHWORLDERS!

AND HERE THEY COME!

(This will be an account of various humans and their travels through the known universe. Earth, also known as E24, is a terrifying deathworld. This should be fun)

[dandelionsresilience]

Good News - May 15-21

Like these weekly compilations? Support me on Ko-fi! Also, if you tip me on Ko-fi, at the end of the month I'll send you a link to all of the articles I found but didn't use each week - almost double the content!

1. Translocation of 2,000 rhinos in Africa gets underway in “one of the most audacious conservation efforts of modern times”

“The 2,000 rhinos - more than are currently found in any single wild location in Africa - represent around 12-15% of the continent’s remaining white rhino population. […] “Rhinos perform an important ecological function in the environment as a large grazing herbivore,” says Dale Wepener[….] “The protection of rhino is far more than just looking after rhino; other species that occur in the protected areas will benefit from the protection,” explains Jooste. “This will lead to an increase in diversity and result in much healthier ecosystems.”

2. Florida Corridor Buffers Effects of Climate Change on Wildlife — And People

“A massive multi-partner effort that has conserved 10 million acres for wildlife in Florida over past decades will help buffer wildlife—and people—from the effects of climate change, a new report says. […] Protecting these corridors is important for wildlife genetics, demography and connectivity […], conducting prescribed fires in the corridor can reduce the risk of more intense wildfires [… and] they can provide buffers against hurricanes and seasonal thunderstorms.”

3. Global life expectancy to increase by nearly 5 years by 2050 despite geopolitical, metabolic, and environmental threats

“Increases are expected to be largest in countries where life expectancy is lower, contributing to a convergence of increased life expectancy across geographies. The trend is largely driven by public health measures that have prevented and improved survival rates from cardiovascular diseases, COVID-19, and a range of communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases (CMNNs).”

4. Valencia has Spain’s longest urban park

“Jardin del Turia (Turia Garden) is the green spine of the City of Valencia and Spain’s (and possibly Europe’s) longest urban park stretching for a length of 8.5 kilometres [… and] the current administration plans to make Jardin del Turia Europe’s largest city green space by extending it to the sea[….] Almost all Valencia residents (97 per cent) live within 300 metres of an urban green space. […] Jardin del Turia is a true urban oasis that provides exceptional thermal comfort, with a temperature difference of up to three degrees compared to other areas of the city.”

5. This Paint Could Clean Both Itself and the Air

“When an artificial ultraviolet light source shines on [photocatalytic] paint, the nanoparticles react with pollutants to make them break down—theoretically removing them from the nearby air and preventing a discoloring buildup. [… R]esearchers developed a new photocatalytic paint that they claim works using UV rays from ordinary sunlight, making its self-cleaning properties easier to activate. They’ve also shown that they can effectively produce this paint from recycled materials [including fallen leaves].”

6. Planting Seedlings for a Cooler Rockingham

“A dedicated group of volunteers recently planted over a thousand native seedlings in Lewington Reserve [… and] re-established canopy cover to areas of the reserve to create cooling shade for the local community and provide homes for native wildlife. […] Planting lots of trees and shrubs in urban areas can help create shade and cool cities, mitigating the impacts of climate change, contributing to biodiversity conservation and building greener, more resilient communities.”

7. Sydney’s first dedicated affordable housing for trans women designed to deliver ‘positive outcomes’

“Community housing provider and charity Common Equity NSW, […] which is for people on very low to moderate incomes, prides itself on creating inclusive living and promotes the independence and well-being of people and communities […, and] will deliver the first-of-its-kind social housing in a bid to provide a safe place to live for transgender women seeking an affordable home.”

8. Rewilding: How a herd of bison reintroduced to Romania is helping ‘supercharge’ carbon removal

“170 European Bison reintroduced to Romania’s Țarcu mountains could help capture and store the carbon released by up to 84,000 average US petrol cars each year. […] By grazing a 48 square kilometre area of grassland in a wider landscape of 300 kilometres squared, they helped to capture an additional 54,000 tonnes of carbon each year. That is around 10 times the amount that would be captured by the ecosystem without the bison.”

9. World’s biggest grids could be powered by renewables, with little or no storage

“[…] 100% renewable supply can then match the load by putting surplus electricity into two kinds of distributed storage worth that [an energy expert] says are worth buying anyway – ice-storage air-conditioning and smart bidirectional charging of electric cars, and recover that energy when needed, filling the last gaps with unobtrusively flexible demand.”

10. Supporting the Long-Term Survival of Copper River Salmon and Alaska Native Traditions

“With $4.3 million in NOAA funds, the Copper River Watershed Project and The Eyak Corporation will remove fish passage barriers, opening more streams for salmon spawning and subsistence fishing. [… As part of this effort, o]ld narrow culverts that constrict water flow will be replaced with “stream simulation” culverts wide enough to fit the full stream, including its banks. They are also deep to allow contractors to place stones and other material inside to mimic a natural stream bottom.”

May 8-14 news here | (all credit for images and written material can be found at the source linked; I don’t claim credit for anything but curating.)

[a-minke-whales-tale]

Wow! Reading about your whale suit project is truly inspiring! I can relate to it in a way, in the sense that I wish so dearly that I could return to the woods. I have mobility issues too that make it impossible for me to do so. I hope so much that you are able to achieve your dream, or at least get to partially return to the water.

Thanks friend, I hope very much I can return to the water. I do think I can. In a way being a whale I am quite lucky. I cannot well walk on the land and walk with forearm crutches, but in the water I could move freely and it is wonderful. I also think in a way, taking a human body and forcing it back into a cetacean shape is easier than for most other animals.

We are immersed in water which does make certain aspects like food intake and air intake difficult, it makes a lot of others things easier. Water has a much higher heat capacity and greater conductivity than air. Wearing a shirt in 16-18 degree air is plenty warm enough, but in 16 degree water you are really recommended a wetsuit. But this means we have much more ability to pad ourselves out with material to form our shape better. We can have 10 or more cm of thickness, and can still function perfectly fine thermally. But also being sea creatures our body and all that extra weight is supported by the silicone. I will be around 300-360kg once fixed and am currently around 90kg (and an 'ideal' weight for me is around 65kg). In the sea it is a lot to move around, but in the end it is mostly just additional inertia. But on land, that amount of weight would be unmanageable.

Additionally, the shape of a cetacean body is actually quite manageable for a human body. I imagine if you have looked at my profile you have seen this image.

This concept drawing what I would look like is drawn around my own body. There are some differences to a standard minke body, but unless you knew a lot about whales, you really might not notice. The main things are a slightly higher fineness ratio, and much larger flippers (and the fact that I will be perpetually the size of a month old calf). But if you are not someone who has a pretty significant interest in marine biology and cetaceans, you probably aren't terribly likely to know what a minke whale is, let along that my flippers are bigger than they should be.

Human bodies conform pretty well to a cetacean shape, we have arms that become flippers, and legs that become our tails. Compared to many other creatures our bodies bend in the right way and we do not have a huge amount of additional movement we could not generate from our own bodies. In addition some of the strongest muscles in our backs and buttocks are used to hold up our torsos, in this configuration instead they become our tail following more or less that same motion fully motile humans use all the time. And indeed there are even sports which functionally do this namely mermaiding and finswimming/freediving.

Compare this to trying to make a canid body (just because they are the most easily abundant and my companion is a canid). Covering yourself in fur would be hot in a lot of climates, your back legs would be much longer than your front legs, your torso would be too short, nothing could control your ears or tail, your body would struggle to support the weight in this hunched over position, and with the shape of the neck some additional headpiece would be needed which would have to be supported by the user (which is true for myself as well, but I can use the water to hold myself and the necks of mysticetes at least are fixed).

The things that were done to us were terrible, but in a way, I am quite lucky as I can really see a path forward for fixing a cetacean body, that would be very difficult with most other animals. And I do really believe that someday, I will swim again, I will swim free, and swim forever.

[al-hekima-madara-blog]

Yin Yang Generality (Part 1/2)

My goal was initially to talk about the Yin/Yang concept in Naruto, but I realise I have first to explain a little bit what I mean by that so we're all in the same page. kudos to @shisui-uchiha-rp for inspiring me this double post.

Disclaimer : Usually people reading me are quite smart but who knows some people don't get use to my style. There is no meliorative or derogative values behind Yin/Yang or Female/masculine if you feel that one is better than the other. IT'S ON YOU. The author is not your mum, not your therapist, not your teddy bear to vent upon. If you don't feel comfortable and triggered here are my solutions : move on from my post, unfollow, or even block. But if you're high IQ, open minded, not self-centred or just generally curious and well-behaved then welcome and keep reading.

The duality is probably one of the oldest concept in metaphysic. It's presented in many cosmologies to explain the origin of the world. After the Unicity or primordial chaos comes the duality of opposite forces: Positive/Negative Light/Darkness, Up/Down, Heaven/Earth. A bit like the cells division in biology. You don't go from 1 to 8. You go first 1 splitting in 2 splitting in 4 splitting in 8... So duality is the matrice of any system. It's the fundamental for the law of nature, the balance in the universe and its complex beauty. It's not Yin against Yang, or Yin>Yang or Yang>Ying. It's about how Yin and Yang balance each other to create stability, order and peace.

What's Yang?

I like to represent it as a centrifugal force. A cyclonic energy expanding outside of itself. And by expanding , it takes place and when you take place, it grows. You create motions and frictions that create disruption and may lead to violence. Going outside can also means transcending an initial state. Looking for answer outside of oneself. Exploration of the unknown. To pierce and penetrate others. You've probably heard that sky crappers or obelisks are sometimes referred as phallic symbol, it's due to their shape that represent the will to project power vertically out and above others. Being the number one. The process of individuation, ego, independence, but in positive way, being able to assert one's will and not fearing judgement.

Yang is often associated with light because it's also acting in the open, unmasked, direct and loud language, explosive presence, rational.

An other thing coming to my mind, Yang energy is like an arrow or a missile going straight to the point.

In the negative, it can also being associate with escapism, distance, scattering when the ambition goes to far, separation, division, detachment, dryness. Ultraviolence, megalomania, destruction.

What's Yin?

The opposite is the centripetal force. Think about a spinning vortex, a black hole. Or just water whirling in your sink. The centripetal motion brings both the idea of cycle and gravity and when you extend the move to its maximum, the centre reaches immobility. And if you go even further you have high pressure exerts on a small spot.

In nature, do you know what's happened when carbon is submit to an extreme pressure in the depth of Earth's mantle? It crystallises into a diamond. And the diamond's attribute, except its beauty, has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any natural material. It's indestructible. It facilitates vibration. It's solid!

Hence why someone known for an extreme mastery of Yin energy is said to be intense. Because the spiritual core of this person is so strong, that the mere presence into a room is enough to create "gravity" toward them. It doesn't matter if the person is attractive or not, good or mean. Yet they have this thing...this magnetic charisma that hypnotises people.

Yin energy refers to obscurity, what is hidden, invisible, cold, passive, receptive, and wet. Observe again nature : a DNA nucleus, the pit of a fruit, seed, or the star in a solar system is the most important part. It's the roots. the raw material from whom everything else proceed and rotate. It is extremely powerful because it contains all potentials.

Something you can't see always seem more powerful and menacing that something that you can observe and measure. Imagination is always infinite compare to reality and its limitation. For instance : there is a lion in front of you, you might have a tiny chance to survive if you run away. But if I tell you there is a lion...somewhere around you. It seems suddenly the animal is everywhere and you can't prepare yourself from something you can't see. The paranoia will imagine that the slightest wind is the beast ready to jump on your throat. But maybe it's not true, maybe the lion doesn't exist at all and yet in your imagination it was very real!

Contrary to Yang which is direct and straight. Yin is curvy, suggestive, indirect, like a fog, slow like a sugar soaked by water. We can call it the boiling frog method. You slowly raise the temperature so nobody notice. When it starts to be too hot it's too late, the frog has been weakened for hours and don't have the strength anymore to escape the trap. In a Yang manner, if it has been directly from room temperature to 100°C, it would have jumped out immediately.

In negative a bad Yin can create obsession, brooding over and over the same thing. A sensation of inertia, mental instability, self-destruction. Implosion when the core is falling into itself due to too much external pressure or internal fragility. Narcissism and not being able to see the bigger picture outside of oneself. Also manipulation, lies, victimhood mentality, passivity to act, delusion.

Yin/Yang in the human species?

From a simple observation of anatomy it's quite obvious who's Yin and who's Yang.

Men are generally taller than women, broader shoulders and rib cage which aloud them to have a deeper and louder voice. the muscle mass is also higher with less body fat. The sexual organ is external and I don't need to go in detail on how it erects and projects to accomplish its mission... Also the limbs and the hips are straight. the pelvis is narrow, brow bone more proeminent.

Women in contrary are in general smaller than men. With a tendency to keep more fat in the lower part, than muscle. narrow shoulder, narrow torso, wider hips and generally curvier limbs : hips, breasts, rounded face, brighter skin, bigger eyes. And of course the sexual organ is internal and everything about pregnancy is hidden inside the darkness of the womb.

In term of character There is a saying that : Men kill you, Women drive you crazy.

Take in a positive light, Men can build new worlds with their hands, and women can help to civilise and heal the world. Would you live in a high tech city where people behave like cavemen? and in reverse would you be with kind and compassionate people in the wild with no protection, no home, no technology, in open air?

A lot of psychology studies has shown that from childhood, girls have a tendency for emotional connexion (networking, relationship) while boys are interested by things (how to built, how to work, how to perform)

But does it mean that a man is 100% yang and a woman 100% yin? No it's absurd. I think you kind of notice I tend to have a yang way of expressing myself. I don't really care if my posts hurt someone's feeling. I don't care about trigger warning, I don't care about politically correctness, I don't write to protect harmony among the group but to express what is in my mind, now. but does it nullify my womanhood card? Does that make me a man? Absolutely not, I just have my own and unique temperament and everyone is different. Yet I'm still deeply Yin. And if we observe humanity as a group, it's obvious that the most enchanting embodiment of Yin energy are Women and the most magnificent embodiment of Yang energy are Men.

Yin/Yang in other aspects

I like this term better than female/masculine because it's less restrictive than just humans. It can apply to many aspect of life

A student is yin when he receive knowledge from his teacher in a yang position.

The same teacher is yin when he's under the authority of the university director yang.

In the military field a samurai has a yang culture while shinobis by acting in shadow and using deception way have a yin way of fighting.

The soul is yin, the body is yang

Moon reflect the sunlight (yin), the sun is the source of light (yang)

A mother is yang toward her children (yin)

In a production the famous actress is yang while producers, and staff are yin (they work in the back sometimes no one know their face or their name). but in the same production who has the actual power? The production pouring the money and writing the script? the famous actress that attract people due to her popularity? The success of the whole film is a mix of both energy.

In the end Yin/Yang both are important and both are complementary. Yin can't live independently from Yang and Yang can't survive without Yin. Light produce shadow and shadow is enhanced by light. You can't appreciate shadow without light and you can't see the beauty of light without shadow.

Part 2 : Yin/Yang in Naruto, the case of Madara and Hashirama

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

NASA payload aims to probe moon's depths to study heat flow

Earth's nearest neighboring body in the solar system is its moon, yet to date, humans have physically explored just 5% of its surface. It wasn't until 2023—building on Apollo-era data and more detailed studies made in 2011–2012 by NASA's automated GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) mission—that researchers conclusively determined that the moon has a liquid outer core surrounding a solid inner core.

As NASA and its industry partners plan for continued exploration of the moon under Artemis in preparation for future long-duration missions to Mars, improving our understanding of Earth's 4.5-billion-year-old moon will help teams of researchers and astronauts find the safest ways to study and live and work on the lunar surface.

That improved understanding is the primary goal of a state-of-the-art science instrument called LISTER (Lunar Instrumentation for Subsurface Thermal Exploration with Rapidity), 1 of 10 NASA payloads flying aboard the next delivery for the agency's CLPS (Commercial Lunar Payload Services) initiative and set to be carried to the surface by Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost 1 lunar lander.

Developed jointly by Texas Tech University in Lubbock and Honeybee Robotics of Altadena, California, LISTER will measure the flow of heat from the moon's interior. Its sophisticated pneumatic drill will penetrate to a depth of 3 meters into the dusty lunar regolith.

Every half-meter it descends, the drilling system will pause and extend a custom-built thermal probe into the lunar regolith. LISTER will measure two different aspects of heat flow: thermal gradient, or the changes in temperature at various depths, and thermal conductivity, or the subsurface material's ability to let heat pass through it.

"By making similar measurements at multiple locations on the lunar surface, we can reconstruct the thermal evolution of the moon," said Dr. Seiichi Nagihara, principal investigator for the mission and a geophysics professor at Texas Tech. "That will permit scientists to retrace the geological processes that shaped the moon from its start as a ball of molten rock, which gradually cooled off by releasing its internal heat into space."

Demonstrating the drill's effectiveness could lead to more innovative drilling capabilities, enabling future exploration of the moon, Mars, and other celestial bodies. The science collected by LISTER aims to contribute to our knowledge of lunar geology, improving our ability to establish a long-term presence on the moon under the Artemis campaign.

Under the CLPS model, NASA is investing in commercial delivery services to the moon to enable industry growth and support long-term lunar exploration. As a primary customer for CLPS deliveries, NASA aims to be one of many customers on future flights. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, manages the development of 7 of the 10 CLPS payloads carried on Firefly's Blue Ghost lunar lander.

IMAGE: LISTER (Lunar Instrumentation for Subsurface Thermal Exploration with Rapidity) is 1 of 10 payloads flying aboard the next delivery for NASA’s CLPS (Commercial Lunar Payload Services) initiative. The instrument is equipped with a drilling system and thermal probe designed to dig into the lunar surface. Credit: Firefly Aerospace

[cognitivejustice]

Thermal mass is the ability of a material to absorb, store, and release heat. Used to moderate building temperatures by reducing fluctuations, the concept is crucial in improving energy efficiency. Materials with relatively high thermal mass, such as stone, concrete, rammed earth, and brick, can absorb significant heat during the day and release it slowly when temperatures drop at night, reducing the need for heating and cooling systems. Properties like heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and density are all considered when assessing the thermal mass property of a material.

Whether in Utah, Nevada, or Arizona, arid environments lend themselves well to thermal mass interventions. Through strategic material selection, placement, insulation, and ventilation, designers can use walls and floor slabs in different formats with high thermal mass to contribute to energy efficiency and comfort.

Read on to discover four projects in the desert regions of the United States that utilize thermal mass in their design.

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Modulation of heat flow by means of electric fields enables the creation of thermal circuits

Overheating in electronic devices affects how it works and how long it lasts. One of the major challenges is efficiently managing the heat generated by these systems during operation, which involves controlling the thermal conductivity of the materials they comprise. While electric current can be easily manipulated in conventional electronic materials, heat presents a different challenge: phonons, the particles that transport heat in crystalline solids, lack both charge and magnetic moment, making them much harder to control. A new technique developed by researchers at the Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS) enables the creation of thermal circuits in certain iron and cobalt oxides, effectively regulating heat flow in highly localized areas of these materials. The paper is published in the journal Advanced Materials. "Using this technique, we've managed to reduce thermal conductivity by up to 50% in micrometric regions of various materials," explains Francisco Rivadulla, the study's lead researcher and Professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Santiago de Compostela (USC).

Read more.

[artofdeductionbysholmes]

Wow dinner looked delish, mate! You cooked that?! Without burning down the flat? please add the recipe, much appreciated!

Hello.

Certainly! Here's the recipe.

Objective:

Cook a layered seafood dish by applying heat to induce the Maillard reaction, soften vegetables, and cook the seafood through controlled thermal conduction.

Materials:

- Olive oil (approx. 2 tbsp, depending on pan surface area)

- Green and yellow bell peppers (100g each, diced to ~1cm³ for even heat distribution)

- Onion (1 medium, ~150g, diced)

- Garlic (2 cloves, crushed, to release allicin compounds)

- Plantain (1 large, sliced into ~0.5 cm-thick discs for even cooking)

- Cod fish chunks (200g, cut into uniform pieces to ensure even cooking, ~3cm³)

- Shrimps (200g, peeled and deveined)

- Lime (1 unit, juiced, containing citric acid to enhance flavour and denature proteins)

- Chilli flakes (~1 tsp, source of capsaicin for heat)

- Parsley (~1 tbsp, finely chopped, optional for garnish and flavour)

- Salt (~1 tsp, NaCl, for seasoning and osmotic balance)

Procedure:

1. Initial Heat Transfer:

Add olive oil (a heat-stable lipid) to a pan over medium heat. The goal is to raise the oil's temperature to around 180°C (its smoke point) to facilitate heat transfer to the ingredients without burning.

2. Vegetable Sautéing:

Introduce diced bell peppers, onions, and crushed garlic into the heated oil. The purpose here is to soften the cell walls of the vegetables through thermal conduction, releasing their natural sugars and enhancing flavour. The crushed garlic will begin to release allicin, contributing to aromatic compounds.

- Time: ~5 minutes, or until onions are translucent (indicating sufficient moisture loss and softening)

3. Plantain Layering:

Layer sliced plantain over the vegetables. Plantain contains starch that will soften and caramelise due to heat, while its sugars will brown slightly on the pan-facing side through the Maillard reaction.

4. Seafood Addition:

Place cod chunks and shrimp on top of the plantain layer. The cod and shrimp contain proteins, which denature at temperatures between 40°C and 60°C, causing them to firm up and cook through.

5. Acid and Seasoning Integration:

Pour lime juice over the seafood. The citric acid in the lime will begin to denature surface proteins. This enhances the texture and flavour of the seafood. Add chilli flakes for capsaicin (providing heat) and parsley for herbaceous notes.

6. Simmering Phase:

Lower the heat and cover the pan. Allow the contents to simmer gently. The purpose of this phase is to cook the seafood thoroughly (internal temperature of shrimp should reach 63°C, cod 60°C), while allowing the flavours of the layers to meld through diffusion.

-Time: Simmer for ~8-10 minutes, or until seafood is opaque and firm

7. Final Assessment:

Verify that the seafood has reached its ideal doneness (shrimp turns pink, cod flakes easily). Adjust seasoning if necessary before serving.

Outcome:

A balanced dish where the natural sweetness of the vegetables and plantain complements the tender seafood, with bright acidity and controlled heat from the chilli flakes.

Rosamund and I didn't set fire to the apartment (just a dish towel got singed).

SH

[horiaki100]

Extruded Rubber Profile Manufacturers

In the realm of industrial applications, precision and durability are paramount, especially when it comes to extruded rubber profiles. Horiaki, a distinguished name in manufacturing, has carved a niche for itself as a leader among Extruded Rubber Profile Manufacturers, elevating the standards of quality, innovation, and customization.

Horiaki's extruded rubber profiles are a testament to the company's commitment to precision engineering. The extrusion process is a delicate art, and Horiaki excels in utilizing cutting-edge technologies and rigorous quality controls to produce profiles that meet the exacting demands of various industries. From intricate seals to complex gaskets, their profiles ensure optimal performance and longevity.

Versatility is a key strength of Horiaki in the realm of extruded rubber profiles. Understanding that different applications require unique solutions, the company offers a diverse range of profiles tailored to meet specific industry needs. Whether it's for automotive, construction, or electronics, Horiaki's flexibility in customization ensures that their profiles seamlessly integrate into various systems.

Innovation is ingrained in Horiaki's approach to manufacturing. The company invests in research and development to stay ahead of the curve, incorporating the latest advancements in rubber technology. This forward-thinking approach not only ensures that their extruded rubber profiles meet current industry standards but also positions Horiaki as a trailblazer in shaping the future of rubber applications.

Furthermore, Horiaki prioritizes sustainability in its manufacturing processes. Employing eco-friendly materials and efficient production practices, the company aligns its operations with global environmental standards, reflecting a responsible and forward-looking business ethos.

In conclusion, Horiaki stands as a beacon of excellence in the realm of Extruded Rubber Profile Manufacturers. With a focus on precision, versatility, innovation, and sustainability, Horiaki's profiles continue to be trusted components, seamlessly integrating into diverse industrial landscapes around the world.

[solarpunkbusiness]

A group of scientists led by Kongu Engineering College in India investigated the use of waste neem oil as a cooling solution for PV modules. Neem oil is extracted from the seeds of the neem tree and is commonly used as a medicine for some skin diseases.

The researchers explained that this oil acts like phase-changing materials (PCMs), which can absorb, store, and release large amounts of latent heat over defined temperature ranges. PCMs have often been used at the research level for PV module cooling and the storage of heat.

“The neem oil has a good thermal range, is physically high in density, is chemically stable and noncorrosive, is environmentally pollution-free, reusable, and recyclable, and is economically low-cost and easy to dispose of,” they added. “Commonly, any PCM used for cooling purposes should have low thermal conductivity, stability, and cycling. The neem oil has fulfilled all the limitations.”

[theworkshopmann]

Forged Enforcer

Giving a faceplate, made from a thermally conductive material, to a raging pyromaniac never seemed like a better idea.

Type: Cosmetic/Misc

Class: Pyro

Paintable: Yes

Accepted in game: No

This cosmetic was made by Steam users Overlord Lettuce, HotPockette and FortniteFred. Posted on December 12th 2019, you can vote for this here!

[radioactiveradley]

#fun fact: we can accidentally cook you in the mri machine#it is very much A Thing

why does this sound like a thing that could just happen at any time. like it isn't _that_ uncommon.

...tell me more?

:cackles and rubs hands: welcome to the wonderful world of what can go wrong during an mri scan.

You have the obvious - someone walks in with an oxygen tank, which promptly flies into the machine, explodes, and kills everyone, then the resultant fire causes the MRI machine to dump helium into the room with the patient and potentially kills everyone all over again, while also destroying your million-pound Big Chungus. I am only being mildly hyperbolic.

But radiofrequency burns are far more common.

They occur because we zap you with a bunch of radiofrequency pulses, which wobble your atoms in a certain way, causing variations within the magnetic alignment of these atoms, thus helping us to gain insight into the density of different tissues within your body by measuring how quickly these atoms relax back to their 'normal' alignment. You can read more on that here!

But as for burns, the important thing is that these pulses cause 'excitation' - they give energy to your atoms! And this is specifically thermal energy.

Your body temp will often go up by about a degree in an MRI machine - which isn't especially dangerous. But in certain circumstances (such as: if you're in direct contact with the radiofrequency-generating coil or the bore of the machine, or with any conductive metal (nose studs, etc), or even, in certain cases, if your skin is in direct contact with itself and thus increasing the heating effect in that particular spot) it can absolutely cause the cooking of soft tissue.

We combat this in numerous ways.

The first and most obvious is: we strip you down to make sure you're not wearing any graphic tees with tiny bits of metal in the design, or leggings with the same (you would be surprised how much clothing contains enough conductive material to result in an RF burn!). We take out all your piercings and so forth. We pop you in one of our special gowns.

Other than that, we position you on the bed so that you won't touch the sides of the machine as you enter. This is, unfortunately, why some larger patients cannot safely use the MRI machine - as well as concerns about the upper capacity of bed weight.

We then put a well-padded coil over you, and - if you're going to be in the machine for a long time - ensure you're lying stretched out without like, arms folded over your chest or whatnot.

All of these things greatly reduce your chance of suffering an RF burn! However, they do still happen - and most of the time, unfortunately, patients do not notice until after the scan is complete, at which point we can only treat the injury rather than preventing it. Still, be aware of your body during an MRI scan, and use your buzzer/etc. to contact the controllers if you start to feel significant heat build up!

...Let's just not talk about how we can pop your organs with Ultrasound. No need to go into that. Nope. Nosiree.

[evanivox]

darcy lewis sits on your lap just to review her mathematical proofs and theorems, and when you ask her why she just goes,

“because the principles of thermal conduction makes my brain work better,” mumbling about said partial differential equation under her breath.

when you look at her puzzled, she stops the frantic pace of her pencil to hold your face in her hands.

“you equal hot. darcy equal cold. brain no work when darcy cold. you plus me, equals equilibrium. it’s simple science really, well if you disregard the heat lost in the environment and how different materials absorb heat—you know what i mean!”

you chuckle at her response and plant a soft kiss on her nose.

you love your doctor in astrophysics, especially when she’s cuddled up in your lap rambling about math.

[wumblr]

i've been ruminating on the electrical conductivity of air... things that increase it include temperature, salt fog or just humidity more generally, and ionizing radiation both in the form of solar storms and radioactive material dispersion. dust reduces it. practical applications include the americium forming an atmospheric electrical circuit in smoke alarms, and faraday's magneohydrodynamic generator, which is used today in the exhaust pipes of power plants, using magnetism to sort the ionization into an energy gradient that can be exploited, although there it's more often in the form of plasma and not so much fluid. the coolant in reactors is also ionized, which affects its conductivity

i'm willing to presume that's negligible, but now we're back once again to asking questions about what caused the SL-1 meltdown (i haven't seen any mention of electrical conductivity in the coolant because there are any number of other things that provide sufficient explanation, first and foremost "removing the control rod on a reactor design with one primary control rod with a four-inch margin of error and deteriorating cladding where the operators joked that removing the control rod is how they'd respond if an adversarial state invaded the site and one of them was going through a divorce." well that's at least five things. but i can't say electrical conductivity as a factor is easily ruled out either, since the coolant was uh. water.) conductivity is a factor in the report but i think in that context it's thermal conductivity

the sheer number of times i have forgotten they call the control rods "meat" is starting to get funny. gets me every time