#Propylene Glycol

[jomindraws]

Codon Amino Acid chart for pGZA, the building block of life on Jom'Gol

pGZA is the abbreviation for Propylene-Glycol Nucleic Acid, which all cellular life on Jom'Gol uses. pGZA uses the sugar Propylene Glycol and a standard phosphate base.

Instead of Adenine, Thymine/(Uracil), Guanine, and Cytosine, pGZA instead uses Diaminopurine, Xanthine, Isoguanine, Isocytosine, 2-6, Pyradinedicarboxylic acid, and Pyradine.

Rather than (DNA):

A-T (Hydrogen Bond)

C-G (Hydrogen Bond)

pGZA uses:

DAP-X (Hydrogen Bond)

iC-iG (Hydrogen Bond)

PN-DPA (Copper ii ion Bond)

Each Codon combination in pGRNA production results in the production of one of 23 amino acids when read by the xenoribosome in any Jomgolian creature's cell, with the addition of one start codon and several stop codons.

[stone-cold-groove]

Ship to the automotive industry. Celanese Chemicals ad - 1950.

[whats-in-a-sentence]

Ethylene glycol (see figure 19.2) and propylene glycol are synthesised from ethylene (ethene) and propylene (propene) respectively, hence their common names as shown below.

"Chemistry" 2e - Blackman, A., Bottle, S., Schmid, S., Mocerino, M., Wille, U.

[chemanalystdata]

Propylene Glycol Prices Trend | Pricing | News | Database | Chart | ChemAnalyst

 Propylene Glycol is a versatile chemical widely used across numerous industries, including pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, and industrial manufacturing. Its pricing dynamics are influenced by a variety of factors such as raw material costs, production processes, market demand, and global economic conditions. Derived primarily from propylene oxide, which itself is a petroleum-based compound, the price of propylene glycol often mirrors fluctuations in crude oil prices. As energy costs rise, the production of propylene glycol can become more expensive, leading to upward pressure on prices. Conversely, during periods of stable or declining crude oil prices, the cost of production tends to decrease, often reflecting in more competitive pricing for the compound.

Global demand for propylene glycol also plays a pivotal role in determining its price trends. In recent years, the growth in the pharmaceutical and personal care sectors has significantly boosted demand for this compound due to its use as a solvent and stabilizing agent. The food industry, another major consumer, relies on propylene glycol for its role as a humectant, emulsifier, and preservative. Increased consumption in these end-use industries, coupled with regional economic growth in emerging markets, has contributed to steady upward pressure on prices. Seasonal variations can also affect demand, particularly during colder months when the demand for antifreeze and deicing agents, both of which use propylene glycol, spikes. These seasonal surges often lead to temporary price increases.

Get Real Time Prices for Propylene Glycol: https://www.chemanalyst.com/Pricing-data/propylene-glycol-1095

The global supply chain for propylene glycol has a significant impact on its price stability. Disruptions such as supply shortages of propylene oxide, logistical bottlenecks, or geopolitical events can lead to sudden price hikes. For instance, natural disasters affecting key production facilities or transportation routes can curtail supply, creating tight market conditions and pushing prices higher. In recent years, environmental regulations have also started to play a larger role in shaping the production landscape for chemicals like propylene glycol. Manufacturers are increasingly investing in bio-based alternatives to meet sustainability goals and regulatory compliance. While bio-based propylene glycol offers environmental advantages, its production costs are generally higher than those of petroleum-derived variants, which may influence market pricing as more companies transition to greener solutions.

Another key driver of propylene glycol prices is the global economic outlook. During periods of economic growth, industrial activity typically increases, leading to higher demand for propylene glycol in sectors such as construction and automotive manufacturing. In contrast, during economic downturns, reduced industrial activity often results in lower demand and softer prices. Exchange rates also play a role, particularly for import-dependent regions, where fluctuations in currency values can make imported raw materials more expensive, indirectly impacting the local price of propylene glycol. Trade policies, tariffs, and international relations further add complexity to the pricing landscape.

Regional market dynamics also contribute to price variability. In Asia, for instance, the rapid expansion of the pharmaceutical, food, and automotive industries has made the region a significant consumer of propylene glycol. This rising demand has driven investment in local production capacities, helping to stabilize prices. In contrast, North America and Europe, while mature markets, have seen slower growth in demand, but the adoption of bio-based alternatives and stringent regulatory frameworks have created niche price pressures. Export and import trends between these regions influence global price equilibrium, as surplus production in one area may be absorbed by deficits in another, depending on trade relationships and logistical feasibility.

The advent of technological advancements in production methods has also started to influence propylene glycol pricing. Innovations that improve the efficiency of production processes or reduce dependency on costly raw materials can help manufacturers control costs. For instance, developments in bio-based production technologies are gradually reducing the cost differential between traditional and sustainable variants. As these technologies become more widely adopted, they are likely to exert downward pressure on prices over the long term, even as the demand for environmentally friendly products grows.

The COVID-19 pandemic further highlighted the vulnerability of chemical supply chains, including that of propylene glycol. During the pandemic, logistical disruptions, workforce shortages, and shifts in consumer behavior created a volatile market environment. While the pharmaceutical and personal care sectors experienced heightened demand, industrial demand declined sharply in certain segments, leading to temporary price imbalances. The subsequent recovery has been marked by fluctuating raw material costs and varying speeds of industrial activity resumption across regions. These shifts underscore the importance of robust supply chain management and diversified production bases in mitigating price volatility.

Sustainability trends and consumer preferences for eco-friendly products are expected to shape the future pricing dynamics of propylene glycol. As industries and consumers prioritize green chemistry and reduced environmental impact, the adoption of bio-based propylene glycol is likely to grow. However, transitioning to sustainable production processes involves significant initial investment, which could maintain upward pressure on prices in the short to medium term. Over time, as economies of scale are achieved and technologies mature, these costs may stabilize, potentially aligning bio-based propylene glycol prices more closely with traditional alternatives.

In conclusion, propylene glycol prices are influenced by a complex interplay of raw material costs, market demand, supply chain dynamics, and macroeconomic factors. With its diverse applications across industries and growing importance in sustainable manufacturing, the pricing of this compound is a reflection of both global economic trends and localized market conditions. As industries continue to evolve and adapt to new challenges, including environmental imperatives and technological advancements, the market for propylene glycol will likely remain dynamic, offering both challenges and opportunities for stakeholders across its value chain.

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[kristenexperiments]

Propylene Glycol: The Little Ingredient That Could (and Did, and Does, and Will)

Ah, propylene glycol. The silent hero of the cosmetics world, whispering sweet nothings to our dehydrated skin cells, making sure our mascara doesn’t look like a raccoon had a fight with a sprinkler system. This unassuming little compound is so omnipresent that it’s basically the Kevin Bacon of skincare. The cosmetics industry loves it. The skincare community pretends to understand it. And you?…

[lostmarys]

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[chemtexspecialityltd]

Enhancing System Performance with Inhibited Propylene Glycol | Tono Frost-593 | Chemtex

Chemtex Speciality Limited has leveraged this technology to develop Tono Frost 593, an inhibited propylene glycol solution that stands out for its exceptional performance. This solution not only offers superb protection against corrosion but also enhances the efficiency of heat transfer systems, ensuring they operate at peak conditions with minimal maintenance.

[credenceresearchdotblog]

The global demand for Propylene Glycol was valued at USD 4.13 Billion in 2023 and is expected to reach USD 6.9 Billion in 2032, growing at a CAGR of 6.2% between 2023 and 2032. Propylene glycol (PG), a versatile organic compound, has become a staple in various industries due to its wide-ranging applications. As a synthetic liquid substance, it is absorbed well by the body and has been deemed safe for use in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The global propylene glycol market has witnessed significant growth over recent years, driven by rising demand across various sectors such as automotive, construction, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products.

Browse the full report at https://www.credenceresearch.com/report/propylene-glycol-market

Market Overview

The propylene glycol market was valued at approximately USD 4 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 5% from 2024 to 2030. This growth can be attributed to several factors, including the increasing use of PG in the production of unsaturated polyester resins (UPR), which are essential in manufacturing construction materials and automotive components.

Key Drivers

1. Rising Demand in the Automotive Sector: Propylene glycol is extensively used as an antifreeze and coolant in the automotive industry. With the global increase in vehicle production and the need for better performance and safety features, the demand for high-quality antifreeze solutions has surged. PG’s low toxicity and high boiling point make it an ideal choice for such applications.

2. Growth in the Food and Beverage Industry: PG is a common additive in food products, where it acts as a humectant, solvent, and preservative. The rising demand for processed and packaged foods, driven by changing consumer lifestyles and increasing urbanization, has bolstered the market for propylene glycol. Additionally, its approval by major regulatory bodies, including the FDA and EFSA, supports its widespread use in the food industry.

3. Expanding Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Sectors: In pharmaceuticals, PG is used as a solvent in oral, injectable, and topical medications. Its role in the formulation of creams, lotions, and other personal care products is also notable. The growing awareness of personal health and hygiene, along with advancements in pharmaceutical formulations, has further propelled the demand for propylene glycol.

4. Advancements in Bio-based Propylene Glycol: Environmental concerns and the push for sustainability have led to the development of bio-based propylene glycol, derived from renewable resources such as corn and soy. This eco-friendly variant is gaining traction, particularly in regions with stringent environmental regulations. The shift towards greener alternatives is expected to drive the market forward.

Regional Insights

The propylene glycol market exhibits significant regional variations, with Asia-Pacific leading the charge. This region's dominance can be attributed to rapid industrialization, urbanization, and economic growth, particularly in countries like China and India. The burgeoning automotive and construction sectors in these nations have spurred the demand for PG.

North America and Europe also hold substantial market shares, driven by the presence of established automotive, pharmaceutical, and food and beverage industries. Furthermore, stringent regulations regarding the use of safe and environmentally friendly chemicals have promoted the adoption of bio-based propylene glycol in these regions.

Challenges and Restraints

Despite its numerous advantages, the propylene glycol market faces several challenges. Fluctuating raw material prices, particularly propylene oxide, a key precursor in PG production, can impact market dynamics. Additionally, concerns regarding the environmental impact of conventional PG production processes have led to increased regulatory scrutiny.

Future Outlook

The future of the propylene glycol market looks promising, with continued growth expected across various industries. Technological advancements and ongoing research into alternative production methods, such as bio-based PG, are likely to open new avenues for market expansion. Moreover, the increasing focus on sustainability and eco-friendly products will drive the demand for bio-based propylene glycol.

Top Key Players

Shell Plc

INEOS Oxide

Huntsman International L.L.C

ADEKA CORPORATION

Chaoyang Chemicals, Inc.

Temix Oleo

Midland Company

Helm AG

Manali Petrochemicals Limited

Haike Chemical Group Co., Ltd.

Dow

Arch Chemicals Inc

Repsol

LyondellBasell Industries N.V.

BASF SE

ADM

Global Bio-chem Technology Group Company Limited

DuPont Tate and Lyle Bio Products

SKC

Segmentations:

By Source :

Bio-Based

Petroleum

By Type :

Food Grade

Pharma Grade

Industrial Grade Propylene Glycol

By End Use :

Cosmetic and Personal Care Products

Consumer Goods (Liquid Detergents)

Chemical Intermediary (Unsaturated Polyester Resins, Functional Fluids & Antifreezes)

Food

Pharmaceuticals

By Primary Function :

Propylene Glycol as Preservative Agents

Propylene Glycol as Humectants (Binding Agent)

Propylene Glycol as Emollients (Softener)

Propylene Glycol as Solvents

Propylene Glycol as Stabilizing Agents

Propylene Glycol as Excipients (Bulking Agent)

Others

Browse the full report at https://www.credenceresearch.com/report/propylene-glycol-market

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Website: www.credenceresearch.com

[chemicalandmore]

Propylene Glycol (PGi) 

Công thức hóa học: C3H8O2

Trạng thái vật lý: Chất lỏng không màu

Mùi: Không mùi

Độ tan trong nước: Tan hoàn toàn trong nước

Điểm nóng chảy: -59°C

Điểm sôi: 188.2°C

Độ nhớt: 60 cP (ở 20°C)

[hoantovet]

BIO-TETRA 10% INJ

ĐẶC TRỊ TỤ HUYẾT TRÙNG, MYCOPLASMA VIÊM VÚ, VIÊM TỬ CUNG DẤU SON THÀNH PHẦN BIO-TETRA 10% INJ:Oxytetracycline (as HCl)Propylene Glycol vừa đủ CÔNG DỤNG BIO-TETRA 10% INJ: BIO-TETRA 10% INJ trị viêm ruột, tiêu chảy phân trắng, viêm vú, viêm tử cung, viêm xoang mũi, CRD, dấu son, tụ huyết trùng, sẩy thai truyền nhiễm trên trâu, bò, heo, gia cầm. LIỀU LƯỢNG VÀ CÁCH DÙNG BIO-TETRA 10% INJ: Heo…

[auncyen]

I hate when you try to do something good for your health and then later find out 'oh that actually might be doing exactly what you didn't want'. And of all things, it's mouthwash??

[menlove]

my allergies (? pending. might be smth else who knows at this point) have been acting up so bad lately in ways they haven't before and I'm Over It

[screambirdscreaming]

Look, I get where you're coming from, but I think you've swung too far in the other direction here. NSAIDs and acetaminophen are, in most places as far as I'm aware, the only options available for non-prescription pain medications. They're available without prescription because, if used infrequently and within the recommended dosages, they are relatively safe and low in side effects. HOWEVER. it is very difficult to get a prescription for pain medication, and even if you do, those medications also come with dose limits and side effects. So the bottom line is that many, MANY people are relying on NSAIDs and acetaminophen for the primary management of chronic pain. And in that context, it is absolutely possible to severely hurt yourself. Which I think people absolutely deserve more knowledge and awareness of - even if they find it somewhat alarming.

This is especially true where people are brushed off by doctors to "just use advil" for pain that is quite frankly, too severe and ongoing for advil to safely handle. The dismissive way in which doctors treat NSAIDs gives the impression that they are harmless, and many people are desperate for relief. This leads people to use NSAIDs heavily and without precautions, causing lasting harm to themselves which could have been averted, or at least mitigated, by taking steps towards safer use - like those outlined in the original post. NSAIDs work on several biochemical pathways at once - they reduce inflammation, relax muscles, decrease pain signalling of nerves, and slightly inhibit blood clotting, and they also increase the production of stomach acid and decrease the production of protective mucus lining the stomach. This function is pretty much baked in, there's no way around it. So it's not an issue of "some people's stomachs are sensitive to NSAIDs," it's an issue of "NSAIDs cause some damage directly to the stomach lining every time you take them". It's not very much damage from one dose, and if that's the only dose you take for a while, it'll heal right back up. But if you keep taking them, multiple doses back to back, for days or weeks on end.... the damage starts to add up. Or even if you don't use them that much, but take maybe a dose every day to help with muscle soreness after work... or a couple times a month, for migraines or period cramps.... point is, if the damage to the stomach lining is happening faster than it can heal, you start to get problems - but you probably won't notice anything is wrong until it gets pretty bad.

Being careless until you get a proto-ulcer, or an ulcer, or acid reflux, or a bleeding lesion in the duodenum - is not a great tactic. And I will tell you, pretty much everyone I know who is careful about taking their NSAIDs with food or antacids, has become careful after suffering AT LEAST one of the above. And many people end up, as OP said, unable to take NSAIDs at all, because the chronic damage to the stomach is too easily aggravated. Which is not great! So it's good to get in the habit of safer use, before you find yourself in a situation of heavily using pain meds without realizing they could cause lasting damage! Because the underlying issue is stomach acid causing damage to the stomach lining, you can: - take NSAIDs with food, or after eating, so the food dilutes the stomach acid - take NSAIDs with an antacid, like tums (although avoid aluminum-based antacids with ibuprofen) - take NSAIDs with an H2 blocker, a relatively fast-acting medicine that reduces acid produced by the stomach - take a daily PPI medication, which reduces acid produced by the stomach over the long term

Now, H2 blockers and PPIs are other (non-prescription) medications which have their own potential for side effects and interactions - so do your research if you want to add either of them to your medication regimen. But they can be very helpful, especially for healing up if damage has already been caused. Now all that being said. Acetaminophen is a COMPLETELY different story. And what pushed me to reply to this post was the way you were lumping together information on max dosages, which I think is dangerously misleading, even if the numbers are not technically incorrect. See, the risk with NSAIDs is chronic damage from long-term use, but they are relatively safe drugs in the acute sense. For Ibuprofen in particular - the bottle will tell you not to take more than 400mg at once, but if pressed a doctor will say you can take up to 800mg and it's perfectly safe if you don't make too much of a habit of it, and hypothetically you could even take a much higher dose than that and not die, although you wouldn't have a very good time. So, while it is certainly not recommended to take more than 800mg at once or more than 1600mg a day to avoid long-term consequences.... it happens. Which can perhaps teach a person the wrong lessons about dose safety. The risk with acetaminophen is acute toxicity. If you take too much at once, it causes liver toxicity, and then liver failure, and then death. This process can be stopped, but not reversed, so survival depends strongly on early diagnosis and treatment. You might think that the toxic dose in enough higher than the treatment dose that it'd be difficult to overdose accidentally - but that's not necessarily the case. From a National Institute of Health summary on Acetaminophen toxicity: "Acetaminophen toxicity is the second most common cause of liver transplantation worldwide and the most common cause of liver transplantation in the US. It is responsible for 56,000 emergency department visits, 2,600 hospitalizations, and 500 deaths per year in the United States. Fifty percent of these are unintentional overdoses." Sure, relative to the total population, overdoses aren't *that* common - but if 50% are accidental, I think people need to be better informed. The major issue with acetaminophen is that it is present as an active ingredient in many, many multi-drug medications, which people often don't realize. So an overdose can occur if, for example, a parent who has already given their child a Tylenol to get their fever down also gives them a dose of cough syrup - each alone at the recommended dose, but it adds up. (Children are at a greater risk of overdose on anything, because toxic dosage is relative to body size, and kids are small.)

So yes, acetaminophen is a great drug and relatively safe if you know how much you are taking. Always check the active ingredients on any medicine you take, especially if you're taking multiple things at once. And for acetaminophen especially, don't take more than the recommended dose at once, don't take more than the maximum dose per day, and wait at least 4 hours between doses - even if the effect has worn off. Don't push it!

Every time I see another ibuprofen post on this site I'm like STOP

STOP

Stop.

Take that after a meal. Take it with a big glass of water. Don't take it on an empty stomach EVER. Don't take it with alcohol. You will destroy your stomach. You will end up with an ulcer. You will vomit blood. I'm not exaggerating.

Yes, you. Yes, it will happen to cute little you. With your cute little bottle of miracles. Ibuprofen really does that to your body.

Love, an adult person over 35 who can't take NSAIDs anymore

[chemanalystdata]

Propylene Glycol Prices | Pricing | Trend | News | Database | Chart | Forecast

Propylene glycol, a versatile chemical used across numerous industries, plays a significant role in a wide range of applications, from pharmaceuticals to cosmetics, food products, and industrial fluids. As the demand for these sectors fluctuates, propylene glycol prices tend to exhibit variability influenced by both supply-side and demand-side factors. To understand propylene glycol prices comprehensively, it is essential to explore the key drivers shaping its market dynamics, such as feedstock costs, production processes, geographic influences, and broader economic trends.

One of the primary determinants of propylene glycol prices is the cost of its raw material, propylene oxide. Since propylene glycol is produced from propylene oxide, the price of this precursor greatly influences the cost structure. Propylene oxide, in turn, is derived from propylene, a byproduct of petroleum refining and natural gas processing. Therefore, fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas prices directly affect propylene oxide prices, creating a ripple effect that ultimately impacts the price of propylene glycol. For instance, when crude oil prices surge, the cost of propylene oxide increases, leading to a rise in propylene glycol prices. Conversely, when oil prices decline, the cost of producing propylene glycol typically falls as well.

Get Real Time Prices for Propylene Glycol: https://www.chemanalyst.com/Pricing-data/propylene-glycol-1095The production capacity and availability of propylene glycol are other crucial factors affecting its market price. Global production of propylene glycol is concentrated in regions with abundant access to raw materials and strong industrial infrastructure, such as North America, Europe, and parts of Asia. Any disruptions in the production capacity of major players in these regions, whether due to natural disasters, technical failures, or regulatory changes, can create supply shortages, driving up prices. Additionally, when new production facilities come online, or existing ones are expanded, an increase in supply can put downward pressure on prices. Thus, supply-side dynamics, including capacity expansions and disruptions, play a significant role in shaping the market landscape for propylene glycol.

In recent years, the growing demand for bio-based propylene glycol has also influenced price trends. As industries seek more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives, bio-based propylene glycol, which is derived from renewable resources such as glycerin, has gained popularity. Although bio-based propylene glycol is often more expensive to produce than its petroleum-based counterpart, rising consumer demand for green products has allowed producers to command premium prices. This shift toward bio-based products is expected to contribute to price differentiation between conventional and bio-based propylene glycol in the coming years, with consumers willing to pay a premium for the sustainable option.

Geopolitical factors also play a role in determining propylene glycol prices. Trade policies, tariffs, and international relations can affect the global flow of raw materials and finished products. For example, tariffs imposed on key trading partners or changes in trade agreements can lead to higher costs for imported raw materials or finished goods, driving up prices in affected regions. Additionally, political instability in regions where raw materials are sourced or where production facilities are located can lead to supply disruptions, further exacerbating price volatility. The global nature of the propylene glycol market means that geopolitical events in one region can have ripple effects on prices across the world.

Another important factor influencing propylene glycol prices is the overall health of the global economy. During periods of economic expansion, demand for propylene glycol typically increases, driven by growth in key industries such as automotive, construction, and consumer goods. Higher demand, in turn, tends to drive up prices. Conversely, during economic downturns or periods of recession, demand for propylene glycol may decrease as industries scale back production, leading to lower prices. The cyclical nature of the global economy means that propylene glycol prices are closely tied to broader economic trends, with periods of economic growth generally corresponding to higher prices and periods of contraction leading to lower prices.

Environmental regulations and sustainability initiatives also play a growing role in shaping propylene glycol prices. As governments around the world implement stricter environmental regulations, particularly concerning carbon emissions and the use of hazardous chemicals, producers are facing higher compliance costs. These costs can include investments in cleaner production technologies, the use of environmentally friendly raw materials, and adherence to stricter waste management protocols. As a result, producers may pass these costs on to consumers, leading to higher prices for propylene glycol. Additionally, the increasing emphasis on sustainability and corporate social responsibility is driving demand for bio-based and environmentally friendly products, which are often priced higher due to their production costs.

In terms of regional pricing trends, different markets around the world exhibit varying levels of price sensitivity based on local factors. In North America, for instance, prices are heavily influenced by the availability of shale gas, which serves as a key feedstock for propylene oxide production. The abundant supply of shale gas in the region has contributed to relatively stable propylene glycol prices. In contrast, in regions such as Europe and Asia, where raw material availability may be more constrained and production costs higher, prices tend to be more volatile. Additionally, regional demand dynamics play a role, with rapidly industrializing economies in Asia, particularly China and India, driving robust demand growth and consequently higher prices.

The impact of technological advancements on propylene glycol prices cannot be overlooked. Innovations in production processes, such as the development of more efficient catalysts or energy-saving technologies, have the potential to reduce production costs over time. As producers adopt these technologies, the overall cost of producing propylene glycol may decrease, leading to lower market prices. However, the implementation of new technologies often requires significant upfront investment, which can temporarily drive up prices until the long-term cost savings are realized.

In conclusion, propylene glycol prices are shaped by a complex interplay of factors, including raw material costs, production capacity, demand trends, geopolitical influences, economic conditions, environmental regulations, and technological advancements. The market for propylene glycol is inherently global, with supply and demand dynamics in one region having far-reaching effects on prices worldwide. As industries continue to evolve and prioritize sustainability, the market for both conventional and bio-based propylene glycol is likely to see continued price fluctuations in response to these emerging trends. Understanding the factors that influence propylene glycol prices is crucial for stakeholders in industries that rely on this essential chemical, as it allows them to anticipate market movements and make informed decisions.

Get Real Time Prices for Propylene Glycol: https://www.chemanalyst.com/Pricing-data/propylene-glycol-1095

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[lostmarys]

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