#Narcotics Control Bureau | Explore Tumblr posts and blogs

ralfmaximus · 7 months ago

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Here's the complete list of DHS flagged search terms. Don't use any of these on social media to avoid having the 3-letter agencies express interest in your activities!

DHS & Other Agencies

Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

Coast Guard (USCG)

Customs and Border Protection (CBP)

Border Patrol

Secret Service (USSS)

National Operations Center (NOC)

Homeland Defense

Immigration Customs Enforcement (ICE)

Agent

Task Force

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Fusion Center

Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)

Secure Border Initiative (SBI)

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms (ATF)

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (CIS)

Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS)

Transportation Security Administration (TSA)

Air Marshal

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

National Guard

Red Cross

United Nations (UN)

Domestic Security

Assassination

Attack

Domestic security

Drill

Exercise

Cops

Law enforcement

Authorities

Disaster assistance

Disaster management

DNDO (Domestic Nuclear Detection Office)

National preparedness

Mitigation

Prevention

Response

Recovery

Dirty Bomb

Domestic nuclear detection

Emergency management

Emergency response

First responder

Homeland security

Maritime domain awareness (MDA)

National preparedness initiative

Militia

Shooting

Shots fired

Evacuation

Deaths

Hostage

Explosion (explosive)

Police

Disaster medical assistance team (DMAT)

Organized crime

Gangs

National security

State of emergency

Security

Breach

Threat

Standoff

SWAT

Screening

Lockdown

Bomb (squad or threat)

Crash

Looting

Riot

Emergency Landing

Pipe bomb

Incident

Facility

HAZMAT & Nuclear

Hazmat

Nuclear

Chemical Spill

Suspicious package/device

Toxic

National laboratory

Nuclear facility

Nuclear threat

Cloud

Plume

Radiation

Radioactive

Leak

Biological infection (or event)

Chemical

Chemical burn

Biological

Epidemic

Hazardous

Hazardous material incident

Industrial spill

Infection

Powder (white)

Gas

Spillover

Anthrax

Blister agent

Exposure

Burn

Nerve agent

Ricin

Sarin

North Korea

Health Concern + H1N1

Outbreak

Contamination

Exposure

Virus

Evacuation

Bacteria

Recall

Ebola

Food Poisoning

Foot and Mouth (FMD)

H5N1

Avian

Flu

Salmonella

Small Pox

Plague

Human to human

Human to ANIMAL

Influenza

Center for Disease Control (CDC)

Drug Administration (FDA)

Public Health

Toxic

Agro Terror

Tuberculosis (TB)

Agriculture

Listeria

Symptoms

Mutation

Resistant

Antiviral

Wave

Pandemic

Infection

Water/air borne

Sick

Swine

Pork

Strain

Quarantine

H1N1

Vaccine

Tamiflu

Norvo Virus

Epidemic

World Health Organization (WHO and components)

Viral Hemorrhagic Fever

E. Coli

Infrastructure Security

Infrastructure security

Airport

CIKR (Critical Infrastructure & Key Resources)

AMTRAK

Collapse

Computer infrastructure

Communications infrastructure

Telecommunications

Critical infrastructure

National infrastructure

Metro

WMATA

Airplane (and derivatives)

Chemical fire

Subway

BART

MARTA

Port Authority

NBIC (National Biosurveillance Integration Center)

Transportation security

Grid

Power

Smart

Body scanner

Electric

Failure or outage

Black out

Brown out

Port

Dock

Bridge

Canceled

Delays

Service disruption

Power lines

Southwest Border Violence

Drug cartel

Violence

Gang

Drug

Narcotics

Cocaine

Marijuana

Heroin

Border

Mexico

Cartel

Southwest

Juarez

Sinaloa

Tijuana

Torreon

Yuma

Tucson

Decapitated

U.S. Consulate

Consular

El Paso

Fort Hancock

San Diego

Ciudad Juarez

Nogales

Sonora

Colombia

Mara salvatrucha

MS13 or MS-13

Drug war

Mexican army

Methamphetamine

Cartel de Golfo

Gulf Cartel

La Familia

Reynose

Nuevo Leon

Narcos

Narco banners (Spanish equivalents)

Los Zetas

Shootout

Execution

Gunfight

Trafficking

Kidnap

Calderon

Reyosa

Bust

Tamaulipas

Meth Lab

Drug trade

Illegal immigrants

Smuggling (smugglers)

Matamoros

Michoacana

Guzman

Arellano-Felix

Beltran-Leyva

Barrio Azteca

Artistics Assassins

Mexicles

New Federation

Terrorism

Al Queda (all spellings)

Terror

Attack

Iraq

Afghanistan

Iran

Pakistan

Agro

Environmental terrorist

Eco terrorism

Conventional weapon

Target

Weapons grade

Dirty bomb

Enriched

Nuclear

Chemical weapon

Biological weapon

Ammonium nitrate

Improvised explosive device

IED (Improvised Explosive Device)

Abu Sayyaf

Hamas

FARC (Armed Revolutionary Forces Colombia)

IRA (Irish Republican Army)

ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna)

Basque Separatists

Hezbollah

Tamil Tiger

PLF (Palestine Liberation Front)

PLO (Palestine Libration Organization)

Car bomb

Jihad

Taliban

Weapons cache

Suicide bomber

Suicide attack

Suspicious substance

AQAP (Al Qaeda Arabian Peninsula)

AQIM (Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb)

TTP (Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan)

Yemen

Pirates

Extremism

Somalia

Nigeria

Radicals

Al-Shabaab

Home grown

Plot

Nationalist

Recruitment

Fundamentalism

Islamist

Weather/Disaster/Emergency

Emergency

Hurricane

Tornado

Twister

Tsunami

Earthquake

Tremor

Flood

Storm

Crest

Temblor

Extreme weather

Forest fire

Brush fire

Ice

Stranded/Stuck

Help

Hail

Wildfire

Tsunami Warning Center

Magnitude

Avalanche

Typhoon

Shelter-in-place

Disaster

Snow

Blizzard

Sleet

Mud slide or Mudslide

Erosion

Power outage

Brown out

Warning

Watch

Lightening

Aid

Relief

Closure

Interstate

Burst

Emergency Broadcast System

Cyber Security

Cyber security

Botnet

DDOS (dedicated denial of service)

Denial of service

Malware

Virus

Trojan

Keylogger

Cyber Command

2600

Spammer

Phishing

Rootkit

Phreaking

Cain and abel

Brute forcing

Mysql injection

Cyber attack

Cyber terror

Hacker

China

Conficker

Worm

Scammers

Social media

SOCIAL MEDIA?!

#dhs #privacy #paranoia #security

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beardedmrbean · 1 year ago

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A Pennsylvania nurse already charged with killing two patients in her care through lethal doses of insulin has been hit with fresh charges after sheconfessed to trying to kill 19 people at different rehabilitation centers where she worked, prosecutors announced Thursday.

Heather Pressdee, 41, allegedly administered excessive amounts of insulin to 19 patients — some of whom were diabetic and others not — at five different care facilities from 2020 to this year. Ultimately, 17 patients in her care have died, the Pennsylvania Attorney General’s Office said.

As a result, new charges were filed against her Thursday: two counts of first-degree murder, 17 counts of attempted murder and 19 counts of neglect of a care-dependent person, in connection with the 19 patients she allegedly mistreated, Attorney General Michelle Henry said.

Prosecutors noted that Pressdee was charged with first-degree murder in cases where “physical evidence is available to support the cause of death,” and attempted murder in cases where the victims either survived the excessive dose of insulin or the cause of death could not be determined.

She had already been charged in May for allegedly mistreating three patients, two of whom died, bringing the total number of allegedly mistreated patients to 22.

Pressdee would typically administer the insulin during overnight shifts when there was low staffing and the emergencies “would not prompt immediate hospitalization,” prosecutors said.

“If Pressdee sensed the victim would ‘pull through’ there is a pattern of her taking additional measures to try to kill the victims before they could be sent to the hospital by either administering a second dose of insulin or the use of an air embolism to ensure death,” the criminal complaint in the case said.

The alleged victims ranged in age from 43 to 104.

The complaint said Pressdee, whose nursing license has been suspended, “admitted to harming, with the intent to kill, all patients named in this affidavit.”

The two first-degree murder charges are in connection with two patient deaths at Sunnyview Nursing and Rehabilitation Center.

On March 24-25, 2021, she allegedly intentionally administered insulin and an air embolism to a patient, identified by the initials G.S., with the intent to kill him and which ultimately caused his death, the complaint said.

Then on April 30-May 1, 2023, she administered insulin to a patient with the initials N.C., also leading to their death, the complaint said.

The alleged abuse unfolded while Pressdee was employed as a registered nurse at Concordia at Rebecca Residence; Belair Healthcare and Rehabilitation; Quality Life Services - Chicora; Premier Armstrong Rehabilitation and Nursing Center; and Sunnyview Nursing and Rehabilitation Center.

Pressdee was arraigned Thursday, waived her preliminary hearing, and remains in custody at Butler County Prison without bail.

It's not clear if she has entered a plea. NBC News has reached out to her attorney for comment.

Authorities started watching Pressdee after a family member of a patient who died told the Bureau of Narcotics Investigation and Drug Control that Pressdee was involved in the improper administration of insulin at Quality Life Service - Chicora. An investigation found Pressdee had a “pattern” of being investigated for “abusive behavior towards patients and/or staff” at her past jobs, “resulting in Pressdee then resigning or being terminated,” the complaint said.

The filing revealed that former co-workers told investigators there were suspicions during Pressdee’s previous employment that she was “intentionally harming patients” and she had been “reprimanded for making up her own insulin doses.”

When she worked at Belair Healthcare and Rehabilitation, from April 2021 to February 2022, as an assistant director of nursing, she was suspended pending an internal investigation into co-worker concerns regarding “a pattern of individuals passing under Pressdee’s care.” However, that probe did not uncover any identifiable evidence to support those allegations.

#nunyas news

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wibble-wobbegong · 2 years ago

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richard henry creel is really such a character. Such a character.

so, quick summary, in one of the newspaper articles there’s a mention of someone names richard brenner

found by @aemiron-main

richard brenner is listed as the head of the Narcotic Enforcement Division from 1954-1971

richard henry creel is the son of virginia fackle creel and henry clay creel. im sure the connection is obvious

anyway, when we look into who this richard henry creel guy was, we learn that he was the assistant surgeon general of the U.S. public health service, and to become this head he’d have to have had specialized training or significant experience in public health. so, this guy was heavily involved in this stuff, though his exact service starts in 1921 but the end is never specified

under the PHS, the, “The Division of Venereal Diseases was established in 1918, and the Narcotics Division in 1929 (it eventually became the National Institute of Mental Health).”

now, richard henry creel was born in 1878 — he would’ve been in his 50’s by the time the narcotics division was actually created

1955 - “The National Microbiological Institute became the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) by order of the Surgeon General on December 29. The Biologics Control Laboratory was detached from the institute and expanded to division status within NIH.”

1957 - “The Center for Aging Research was established November 27 as the focal center for NIH extramural activities in gerontology.”

1958 - “On July 16 the Division of General Medical Sciences was established by order of the Surgeon General, extending research into noncategorical areas covered until that time by the Division of Research Grants. The Center for Aging Research was transferred from the National Heart Institute to the Division of General Medical Sciences on November 4.”

1962 - “Five acres of land for a Gerontology Research Center were donated by the City of Baltimore in December.”

1963 - “The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences were established on January 30. The Center for Research in Child Health and the Center for Research in Aging (established in 1956) were transferred from NIGMS to NICHD.”

1967 - “The National Institute of Mental Health [narcotics division] was separated from NIH and raised to bureau status in PHS by a reorganization that became effective January 1.“

1971 - “The White House Conference on Aging recommended creating a separate National Institute on Aging on December 2.”

source

now that’s a lot of words and moving and bullshit, so here’s the most important stuff to know.

richard henry creel was appointed assistant general surgeon in 1921, and 8 years later the Narcotics Division was formed. the surgeon general he was serving served from 1920 to 1936 — it isn’t much of a reach to say he was probably involved in the creation of this division

now, richard brenner was supposedly the head of the Narcotics Enforcement Division from 1954 to 1971. during that time, the narcotics division was brought up to bureau status, putting it at rank with programs like the FBI and an entire institute dedicated to researching the effects of aging were created, merging aging research with child health research

all of this stuff has roots in the PHS, and the PHS’ biggest start up was chemical research. all of this gets rooted back to chemical research

so, when we look at it, we can see that the same year the institute on aging was created, richard brenner was resigned and richard creel died. this was the year that all the main kids were born, most importantly el and will

i’d also like to point out the center of aging stuff began about two years before henry was taken by brenner. that would be when henry was 10, and i believe that that was the year henry moved to hawkins (trust in @laozuspo) and it was only a year after richard brenner had gotten involved with the narcotics division

what could this all be pointing to? well, both em and james have been feeding me stuff about henry’s regeneration abilities. more importantly, how they resemble cancer. what i didn’t include in the info from 1955 is that the first ever cancer chemotherapy center was established — the same year the Biologics Control Laboratory was given its own division. the BCL explored viral diseases and produced vaccines. the word ‘sick’ in the show has prominent value on a deeper level, as stav has explained, but if we take it more surface level…

ALL i’m saying is that a ton of this stuff lines up. i don’t have a clear answer as to what exactly it means or how we got from A to B for sure, but it seems a lot like this richard character was interested in henry’s cancer-like regeneration abilities. possibly even in an attempt to prevent the process of aging. maybe, just maybe, richard brenner, richard henry creel, and martin brenner aren’t all that different *wink wink*

#at least this is what i’ve found so far #i’m still digging but i need to get this out of my head so i can focus on the other stuff i’m supposed to be working on #like. i shouldn’t be focusing on this or virginia fackle creel’s garden i have 3 different posts im supposed to be making and a fic #but . But this is so #richard brenner #martin brenner #richard henry creel

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muaviyazafargazalis-blog · 10 months ago

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Muawiya Zafar Ghazali Mustafai

Freelance Writer & Passionate Poet & Researcher at Centre of legal Studies & Research & World Islamic Centre of Egypt & Iran Rgd. Ex. Moradabad Head Chief Officer of Narcotics Control Bureau NCB Indian Government 2021 Rgd. and belong to the great grand golden royal family of Quresh and Sa'daat. #muawiya_zafar_ghazali_mustafai

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greysfic · 2 years ago

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The Glorious Necrocommunist Union of Kaer

On the eastern coast of Imeria, on the inland bulk of the Kromsian Peninsula, is the military bureaucracy of Kaer.

For centuries, they have been at war with their neighbours to the north. While that war has now cooled due to international intervention, they remain committed and ready to annihilate the entire Kromsian people and their living god.

To follow the vagaries of their history and beliefs, it is first necessary to understand something of their modern context.

The Central Party Administrative Council

Kaer is ruled by this council, comprised of the duly elected heads of each Bureau, elected Senior Comrades, and Post-Senior Comrades - the preserved ghosts of dead Council members, forever bound to serve the People's State.

Everyone in Kaer has both the right and obligation to vote on positions of power, excepting the ranks of the military who are naturally appointed by veterancy and merit. But the dead will always outnumber the living. The legion of ghosts who manage the sprawling bureaucracy can be influenced by the Necromancers who keep the state working, and who coincidentally are always voted to the Central Party.

This must be subtle, of course. Despite the best efforts of the Committee for Morale, the living soldiers may yet rebel, and every Senior Comrade is constantly watching for chances to denounce other comrades before they are caught for their own corruption. Paranoia, hypocrisy, and clandestine decadence define the upper ranks of the Central Party.

The Commissariat

Necromancers form the bulk of the Central Party, being the most common Pattern born in Kaer, but the other prominent type of Magi are Conflagrants. Passionate manipulators of fire, the Commissariat are technically outside the Bureaus and election system, charged with ensuring ideological adherence. They bolster the courage of living soldiers, and incinerate Necromancers found to be engaged in counter-revolutionary sedition.

The Bureau of State

In time of peace, this is perhaps the most powerful bureau. They are responsible for international relations, day-to-day administration beneath the Council, internal communications, and intelligence gathering. They are also the most corrupt and fractious bureau; they interact most with the outside world, they hold the purse strings, they are most vulnerable to the lure of power. The Sub-Committee for Forensic Accounting is actually their internal intelligence outfit, a nest of spies and murderers seeking to protect key assets from discovery by the Commissars or other bureaus while also maintaining the state. The Sub-Commitee for Foreign Studies is the external intelligence wing, who spy on allies and neighbours, and control the spread of imported 'degenerate luxuries' like alcohol, narcotics, music, art... things reserved for the upper echelons of society, in secret. There is a constant shadow war of departments trying to scapegoat, unmask, or ally with each other both internally and their rivals in Information.

Despite their corruption, they are still vital to ensuring the function of all organs of state, and protecting Kaer from external pressure.

The Bureau of Information

The closest rival to the Bureau of State, this office is responsible for education and research. There are subcommittees for every field of science, and the Sub-Committee for Dialectics acts as an internal espionage wing, observing the other bureaus. The Sub-Committee for Field Research acts as both a genuine external research office and does some espionage outside the state on the side.

In addition to the predictable corruption of the upper ranks, many comrades in this bureau also compete for research resources. Secret labs and prisons abound where dangerous experiments are conducted. Sinister materials are imported secretely. A classified and remote research facility on a frozen northern island observes a throbbing tumour the size of a house, freed from ancient ice.

In addition to their influence as the education institution, they are able to influence most other committees as research teams may be attached with absolute authority over secondments and military units. 'Classified state secrets' has become a darkly humorous euphemism for 'ask another question and someone will get shot'.

Departments within the bureau are as vicious as the BoS, looking to steal research or resources from each other, to inform on each other for terrible experiments and breaches of protocol.

The Bureau of Warfare

Once the most prominent bureau, the BoW has fallen in prominence as the war has ground to a ceasefire. Every Kaeri is expected to serve a tour of duty in the naval, infantry, armour, or aerial divisions. Mostly this involves drilling, sitting on your arse, and assisting the BoP with logistics. Sometimes they have a chance to conduct battles in other lands, repel rare assaults on the west border, or venture into the Exclusion Zone between Kaer and Kroms. The no-man's land where blood-starved bioweapons from the last battles lie in fitful slumber or breed in the swamps. Kroms claims they cannot control these creatures now, nor find them - not least since hunting them would require them to violate the treaties keeping them out of the EZ.

Some soldiers stay for a career, some are sent other bureaus after a five-year tour. Various clandestine offices recruit from decorated units. Some, serving in foreign lands, fake their deaths or desert, become mercenaries or try to settle down in new places.

The Bureau of Production

This Bureau is considered a cushy appointment. Far, far from any battlefield even when the war was raging, this Bureau handles agriculture, mining, and manufacture. Machines of bone and metal run the farms, overseen by Necromancers. Bone machines automate factories; ghosts inhabit bonework automata to perform more precise crafts alongside living workers.

Almost every official here, especially the necromancers, is corrupt from boredom as much as anything else. They feed the state, and so they can forge alliances with other bureau to sneak contraband to their offices. They can likewise sneak contraband around as part of provisioning.

Contrarily, perhaps some of the least corrupt and fulfilled necromancers can be found here, too; working happily on the design and building of ever more advanced bonework machines.

In general, this Bureau is considered a reward for veterans, a plum retirement that allows them to continue contributing to the war effort.

Alleged History

The Kaeri version of history is this; hundreds of years ago, they were under the yoke of the Kromsian vampires, but overthrew them and drove them north along with those who remained loyal to the monsters. But even the eldest Post-Senior Comrade does not recall the origins of the war, only the party line that the Kromsians struck first after being forced out, and so the Kaeri were left with no choice but to exterminate them.

Around twenty years ago, the Kaeri had actually confined the Kromsians to their last citadel, The Iron Tower. There they conducted a massacre of civilians, an insult the Vampire priesthood would not tolerate. Vampires being very individualist creatures, two of their number took two different approaches.

One, now known as Bright Martyr Issanitaius, slipped behind Kaeri lines in broad daylight, found the officers who had ordered the massacres, and turned their muscles to cancers. As many as sixty more Kaeri were slain before the Vampire went down under sheer weight of bullets and was burned. It was, by all accounts, a young and hot-headed example of their kind.

The other, name unknown, beseeched Imperus, the Dragon-Emperor, to end the genocide. To quote Giacomo Isley's Brought To Light: A History of Kaeri-Kromsian Hostilities:

"Imperus charged House Lezek with forcing a truce.

The Lezekim approach was swift and decisive. Heralds arrived in advance of the main House, attempting to negotiate before hostilities began. Gabriallus hovered over the Temple of Eternal Night at Towerpeak, because the Lezekim could not resist the opportunity to insult the Kromsians, and the Kromsians tolerated this because they had no choice.

Predictably, negotiations failed. While there are dissenting accounts, in general the records are clear; the Lezekim provoked Kaer by attempting to force a duel to which Kaeri command would not consent.

The Kaeri cordon around the Iron Tower was decimated; the Lezekim were very precise. One in every ten soldiers killed in a single blow, and any attempting to intervene maimed for their trouble.

Just reparations, the Lezekim said, and then prosecuted their war in earnest. Sixty Lezekim, united in purpose, with their full panoplies, personal troops, lovers, and a cohort from Imperus’ Talon.

Two months later, a broken nation accepted the armistice. Even today, the dead outnumber the living in the corridors of Kaeri garrisons. Kroms remained confined to the peninsula, and with tightly limited airspace, but receive fresh converts every year."

Doctrine

While Kaer does not have the strongest navy at sea or in the sky, their ground forces are the standard by which modern militaries are judged. Their infantry employ combined arms; rifles, flamers, Necromantic drones piloted by ghosts. Undead form the forward ranks while the living soldiers rain hell on targets. These infantry are supported by heavy armour; soul-blasting artillery pieces, and the infamous Kaeri exoskeleton.

The exoskeleton is in part literal - a humanoid suit made of bone and plated with steel, containing a pilot sarcophagus for a living operator, bonded to a ghost, and subsystems controlled by the ghosts of animals linked to the pilot through their bonded soul for semi-automous function.

At war, the Kaeri establish a cordon of artillery pieces for initial bombardment. Then the exoskeleton brigades target strategic assets, accompanied by infantry units intended to screen the exoskeletons from lesser targets, sweep buildings, and in general maintain the ultimate flexibility of the Kaeri armed forces.

There are no records of exo-pilots surviving to retirement.

#writing #worldbuilding #dark fantasy #under darkening skies #tabletop roleplaying #ttrpg #necromancy #skelemechs

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majuuorthrus · 4 months ago

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Other 'fun' facts from MK Ultra:

The man in charge, Sidney Gottlieb, tried LSD and got really, really, really obsessed with it. In his spare time he was basically this hippie environmentalist guy who lived on a goat farm with his family, just to fill out your mental image of this dude. He also got other CIA researchers into LSD, and the first experiments involved spiking the food and drink of their fellow CIA members (to see what happens when people don't know they're being dosed). This happened so often that CIA security had to send out memos warning staff about this.

There was also Operation Midnight Climax, which was used to test the efficacy of LSD in honeypot situations. They set up brothels in various San Francisco CIA safehouses, hired real sex workers, and got them to dose clients with LSD whilst agents watched the proceedings from behind a one-way mirror. One of these agents was a former Federal Bureau of Narcotics guy, and apparently he watched these experiments whilst sitting on a chemical toilet (?) and drinking martinis (???)

Which honestly sounds like he conned the CIA to pay for his extremely specific fetish

Also the CIA started experimenting with 'mind control' in response to rumours that the Soviets were also experimenting with mind control. Which is true, except those experiments were mostly about trying to read dogs' minds using radio waves (not completely stupid given how relatively new and unexplored radio was during the 1930s when these experiments took place, but definitely rather optimistic) and meditation routines to calm an agitated population. The latter was attempted during the Gorbachev years. I'm sure you can assess it's success for yourselves.

"You say that psychic powers aren't real. But then why did the CIA invest millions of dollars in parapsychological research during the Cold War?" I don't know how to tell you this, but the CIA are dumb.

#The main things that makes the CIA effective is a lot of funding a lot of guns and nigh total immunity to prosecution

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industryhub · 4 days ago

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Career Scope After B.Sc in Forensic Sciences

Forensic science is a unique and exciting field that combines scientific principles with investigative techniques to help solve crimes. With the increasing reliance on scientific evidence in criminal justice systems worldwide, forensic science has become a promising career path. A B.Sc in Forensic Sciences provides the foundational knowledge and skills needed to excel in this dynamic field. Let’s explore the diverse career opportunities, roles, and further educational prospects for graduates of this program.

Key Career Opportunities

Graduates of a B.Sc in Forensic Sciences can pursue various roles that involve crime investigation, laboratory analysis, and evidence interpretation. Here are some key career options:

1. Forensic Analyst

Forensic analysts examine physical evidence from crime scenes, such as fingerprints, hair, fibers, and weapons. Their meticulous work helps law enforcement agencies build strong cases against offenders. Specializations within this role include:

DNA analysis

Trace evidence analysis

Ballistics and firearm examination

2. Crime Scene Investigator

Crime scene investigators (CSIs) are responsible for collecting, documenting, and preserving evidence at crime scenes. Their work is crucial in ensuring the integrity of evidence for legal proceedings. CSIs often collaborate with law enforcement, forensic labs, and legal professionals.

3. Toxicologist

Toxicologists study the effects of toxins, drugs, and chemicals on biological systems. They play a vital role in cases involving poisoning, drug overdoses, and substance abuse. Toxicologists often work in forensic labs, medical institutions, or pharmaceutical companies.

4. Lab Technician

Lab technicians assist forensic scientists by preparing samples, conducting routine tests, and maintaining laboratory equipment. This role is ideal for those who enjoy hands-on scientific work and are detail-oriented.

Government vs Private Sector Opportunities

Forensic science graduates can find employment in both government and private sectors, each offering unique roles and benefits.

Government Opportunities

Roles: Forensic experts in government laboratories, crime scene units, or law enforcement agencies.

Organizations: Central Forensic Science Laboratory (CFSL), State Forensic Science Laboratories (SFSL), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), and Intelligence Bureau (IB).

Packages: Government jobs offer stable salaries, with entry-level positions starting around INR 3-5 LPA, along with benefits and job security.

Private Sector Opportunities

Roles: Forensic consultants, cybercrime investigators, or forensic experts in private labs and corporate organizations.

Organizations: IT firms, pharmaceutical companies, and private forensic consultancies.

Packages: Salaries in the private sector are often higher, ranging from INR 5-8 LPA, depending on expertise and experience.

Further Studies and Certifications

To expand career opportunities and specialize further, many graduates pursue higher studies or certifications.

1. M.Sc in Forensic Sciences

An advanced degree allows students to delve deeper into specialized areas like digital forensics, forensic toxicology, or forensic psychology. Rabindranath Tagore University (RNTU) offers a comprehensive M.Sc program that combines academic rigor with practical exposure, preparing students for leadership roles in the field.

2. Certifications

Professional certifications in areas like:

Cyber Forensics

DNA Analysis

Ballistics can enhance skills and increase employability in niche areas.

3. Research Opportunities

Those interested in academia or research can pursue a Ph.D. in forensic sciences, contributing to advancements in the field.

Skills Required to Succeed in This Field

Forensic science demands a mix of technical expertise and soft skills to excel. Key skills include:

Technical Skills

Proficiency in analytical techniques like chromatography and spectroscopy.

Familiarity with forensic software for digital and DNA analysis.

Strong understanding of chemistry, biology, and physics.

Soft Skills

Attention to Detail: Essential for analyzing minute evidence.

Critical Thinking: Helps in interpreting complex data.

Communication Skills: Crucial for presenting findings in court.

Teamwork: Collaboration with law enforcement and legal professionals is often required.

Rabindranath Tagore University (RNTU) emphasizes skill development through hands-on training, workshops, and internships, ensuring students are industry-ready.

A career in forensic sciences is not only intellectually stimulating but also highly impactful, contributing to justice and societal well-being. With opportunities ranging from forensic analysis to cybercrime investigation, the field offers diverse and rewarding career paths. Pursuing further studies or certifications can open doors to specialized roles and higher positions.

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getbudslegalize · 9 days ago

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When Was Marijuana Made Illegal in the US? A Historical Overview

When Was Marijuana Made Illegal in the US? A Historical Overview of Cannabis Prohibition

Marijuana, once celebrated for its medicinal and recreational uses, has faced a tumultuous legal journey in the United States. From being a staple in pharmacies in the 19th century to becoming the target of a fierce prohibition campaign in the 20th century, the legal status of marijuana has shifted dramatically. This post will explore the fascinating and complex history of marijuana prohibition, its racial implications, and the ongoing fight for legalization.The Early Use of Marijuana: From Medicine to Recreational Use in the 19th CenturyIn the 19th century, marijuana was widely used in the United States for medicinal purposes. The plant’s psychoactive properties were well known, and cannabis extracts were a common ingredient in tinctures, medicines, and even over-the-counter remedies. At the time, marijuana wasn’t seen as harmful or dangerous, and its use was primarily for treating various ailments such as pain, nausea, and sleep disorders.During this time, marijuana was also used recreationally in some communities. However, it wasn’t until the 20th century that the stigma surrounding cannabis began to take root. Inside a 1900s pharmacy, cannabis extract bottles are displayed among other remedies, reflecting the historical use of marijuana in American medicine. The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937: The Start of Marijuana ProhibitionThe turning point for marijuana came in 1937 with the passage of the Marihuana Tax Act, which effectively criminalized cannabis. This act, signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was heavily influenced by Harry Anslinger, the first commissioner of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN). Anslinger led a campaign against marijuana, using racist rhetoric and misinformation to persuade the public that the drug was linked to violence, insanity, and criminal behavior.One of the most notorious pieces of propaganda was the film Reefer Madness, which portrayed marijuana users as deranged and violent. Despite the lack of scientific evidence supporting these claims, Anslinger successfully convinced lawmakers to criminalize marijuana.How the War on Drugs Impacted Marijuana Laws in the 1970s and BeyondThe 1970s marked another significant shift in marijuana law with the creation of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970, which classified marijuana as a Schedule I substance. This classification meant that marijuana was considered to have no medical use and a high potential for abuse, putting it alongside drugs like heroin and LSD. The War on Drugs, initiated by President Richard Nixon, further intensified anti-marijuana sentiment and led to increased arrests and harsh penalties for possession.While the War on Drugs aimed to reduce drug use across the U.S., it disproportionately targeted minority communities, particularly Black and Latino populations. The criminalization of marijuana during this period had lasting effects on racial disparities in the justice system, with Black Americans being arrested for marijuana-related offenses at much higher rates than white Americans, despite similar usage rates.

1937: The U.S. Capitol during the passage of the Marihuana Tax Act, marking the beginning of cannabis prohibition. The Shift Toward Legalization: How Marijuana Became Legal Again in the U.S.The late 20th and early 21st centuries saw a growing movement advocating for marijuana legalization. By the 1990s, states began to pass laws allowing the medical use of marijuana, beginning with California in 1996. The momentum for legalization continued to grow, and in 2012, Colorado and Washington became the first states to legalize marijuana for recreational use.As of 2024, marijuana has been legalized for recreational use in 23 states, while 37 states have approved medical marijuana programs. Public opinion has undergone a dramatic transformation, with the majority of Americans now in favor of full legalization, according to recent polls.The Racial Implications of Marijuana Prohibition: A History of DisparitiesThe history of marijuana prohibition is not just a story about drug policy; it’s also one that reveals the racial inequalities embedded in U.S. laws. As mentioned, the War on Drugs disproportionately impacted Black and Latino communities, leading to mass incarceration and long-lasting social consequences.According to the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), Black people are 3.64 times more likely to be arrested for marijuana possession than white people, despite similar usage rates. The ongoing fight for marijuana reform continues to address these racial disparities and calls for policies that prioritize restorative justice for those most impacted by the War on Drugs. Vintage snapshots from the War on Drugs in the United States, capturing pivotal moments and cultural shifts in the anti-drug movement. Current Marijuana Laws: Which States Have Legalized Marijuana for Medical and Recreational Use?Today, marijuana remains illegal at the federal level, classified as a Schedule I controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act. However, federal attitudes toward marijuana are slowly changing. In 2021, President Joe Biden announced a review of marijuana’s federal classification, and discussions about decriminalization and legalization are ongoing.The success of state-level legalization efforts has made it increasingly difficult to ignore the public demand for broader reform. Advocates continue to push for the federal legalization of marijuana, which would allow for regulated production, distribution, and taxation.Is Marijuana Still Illegal Federally in the U.S.? Understanding Federal LawYes, marijuana is still classified as a Schedule I drug under federal law. However, there has been growing momentum for decriminalization and legalization, with some legislative efforts underway to change its status. In recent years, the federal government has relaxed certain regulations, allowing states more autonomy over marijuana laws.The Future of Marijuana Legalization in the US: What Lies AheadDespite being illegal for much of U.S. history, marijuana’s growing acceptance in recent years reflects a significant shift in public opinion. The ongoing efforts to decriminalize and legalize marijuana at the state and federal levels highlight the changing attitudes toward its medicinal, recreational, and economic potential. While the fight for full federal legalization continues, it’s clear that marijuana’s journey is far from over.As we look to the future, it’s important to continue advocating for marijuana policies that are fair, equitable, and informed by science. The fight for marijuana legalization is not just about the legal status of a plant—it’s about correcting historical injustices, improving public health, and fostering a more just society. Anti-marijuana propaganda posters from the 1930s and 1940s, using fear-based imagery to portray cannabis users as dangerous, part of a campaign to shape negative public opinion. How Marijuana's Legal Status Impacts Health, Social Justice, and the EconomyMarijuana’s legality impacts healthcare, criminal justice, and economic issues. Legalization would open up avenues for medical research, potentially leading to new treatments. It also has the potential to reduce the number of individuals incarcerated for marijuana-related offenses and provide tax revenue for state governments. However, discussions about regulation, public safety, and equity remain ongoing.Can I Legally Use Marijuana in All States Where It’s Legal? Key ConsiderationsAlthough marijuana is legal in some states, it remains illegal at the federal level, meaning it is prohibited on federal land (including airports, military bases, and national parks). Additionally, state laws vary regarding where you can use marijuana, how much you can possess, and whether or not marijuana can be consumed in public places.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cg-ItyeRKK4

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

When was marijuana first made illegal in the United States? Marijuana was first made illegal in the U.S. with the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937. This act effectively criminalized the plant through heavy taxation, influenced by anti-cannabis propaganda and the efforts of Harry Anslinger, head of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics. Why was marijuana banned in the 1930s? Marijuana was banned largely due to a combination of racial prejudice and political motives. The campaign led by Harry Anslinger focused on spreading fear about marijuana’s alleged link to violence and insanity, particularly among African American and Latino communities. Misinformation, such as the infamous Reefer Madness film, fueled public hysteria, leading to its prohibition. What is the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937? The Marihuana Tax Act was the first federal law in the U.S. that regulated marijuana. While not outright banning the plant, it imposed strict controls, making it difficult to produce and sell marijuana legally. It set the foundation for marijuana prohibition in the U.S. until the 1970s. How did marijuana's legal status change in the 1970s? In 1970, the Controlled Substances Act was passed, classifying marijuana as a Schedule I drug, meaning it was considered to have no medical use and a high potential for abuse. This classification severely restricted research and its legal use, escalating the criminal penalties for marijuana possession. What impact did the War on Drugs have on marijuana laws? The War on Drugs, launched by President Nixon in the 1970s, led to harsher penalties for marijuana offenses and disproportionately targeted minority communities. Despite the growing body of evidence against marijuana’s harmfulness, law enforcement efforts were focused on marijuana-related arrests, contributing to mass incarceration, particularly among Black and Latino populations. When did marijuana start becoming legal again in the U.S.? The movement for marijuana legalization gained momentum in the 1990s, beginning with California’s medical marijuana law in 1996. In the following years, more states passed similar laws, legalizing cannabis for both medical and recreational use. In 2012, Washington and Colorado made history as the first states to legalize marijuana for recreational use. How many states have legalized marijuana? As of 2024, 23 states have legalized marijuana for recreational use, and 37 states allow for medical marijuana use. Public opinion has shifted significantly, with the majority of Americans now supporting full legalization. Is marijuana still illegal federally in the U.S.? Yes, marijuana is still classified as a Schedule I drug under federal law. However, there has been growing momentum for decriminalization and legalization, with some legislative efforts underway to change its status. In recent years, the federal government has relaxed certain regulations, allowing states more autonomy over marijuana laws. What are the racial implications of marijuana prohibition? The criminalization of marijuana disproportionately affected Black and Latino communities, with African Americans being arrested for marijuana-related offenses at significantly higher rates than their white counterparts, despite similar usage rates. The War on Drugs and its enforcement policies contributed to the mass incarceration of these communities. ILGM Fertilizer

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