#Narcotics Control Bureau
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#creed bratton#the office#the us office#narcotics anonymous#narcotics drugs#narcotics control bureau#narcotics#favorite characters#be cool about it#be cool#stay cool#just be cool#be chill#stay chill#all cops are bastards#cops#hello officer#i swear to drunk im not god#panicking#panic#panicked#im not panicking#i’m not panicking#just stay calm#stay calm#the office memes
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MP: Congress Links Drug Trafficking Accused With MP Mantri, BJP Calls It White Lie, Mischievous
Bhopal: A political row on Monday erupted after the Congress linked a person, arrested in connection with the seizure of a facility manufacturing banned mephedrone (MD) drug here a couple of days ago by the Gujarat police, with a senior minister in the Mohan Yadav government. Ruling BJP here swiftly rebutted the charges and accused the Congress of spreading ‘bold-faced lies’ to tarnish the image…
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#BJP president Vishnu Dutt Sharma#Deputy CM Jagdish Devda#Gujarat Anti-Terrorist Squad.#Narcotics Control Bureau
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Young Indians to Host Panel on Addiction Awareness for Youth
Over 300 students expected at ‘Addiction: A Dialogue with Youth’ event Young Indians Jamshedpur partners with KMPM Vocational College to address substance abuse among college students. JAMSHEDPUR – Young Indians (YI) Jamshedpur and KMPM Vocational College are organizing a panel discussion titled ‘Addiction: A Dialogue with Youth’ on August 6 at Kudi Mahanti Auditorium, Kadma. The event, scheduled…
#addiction awareness#आयोजन#educational panel discussion#Event#Jamshedpur community initiatives#Jamshedpur student event#KMPM Vocational College#Mental Health Awareness#Narcotics Control Bureau#substance abuse prevention#Young Indians Jamshedpur#youth dialogue
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NCB 2024 Recruitment: Apply for 31 Staff Car Driver Vacancies
Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) has announced recruitment for 31 Staff Car Driver positions across India. Eligibility criteria will be as per the official notification. The application process is offline, starting from March 12, 2024, until April 12, 2024. The pay scale for the role is Rs. 5200-20200/- per month.
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#Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad in association with #Telangana State Council of Higher EducationHearty Welcome to Chief Guest & Distinguished Gueststo the #Awareness Program on #NARCOTIC DRUGS & #ADVERSE EFFECTS3rd June, 2023
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Narcotics Control Bureau Vacancies Recruitment 2024: (NCB) Notification
Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) Recruitment 2024 : Eligible candidates can apply for these posts by visiting the official website. You can get more information about how candidates are selected, age requirements, educational qualifications, fees and other important details in the notification. Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) Recruitment 2024: all details given below; check now. Department Name :…
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Medical marijuana grows are suing over safety inspection requirements
Medical marijuana grows in Oklahoma have been told time is up to get in compliance with fire and building codes. The Oklahoma Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs Control is now refusing to renew their registrations unless they submit proof they have passed inspection. Three manufacturers sued Jan. 29 after they were given 30 days to request administrative hearings to produce the required…
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#Legal Marijuana#medical marijuana#Oklahoma Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs Control#oklahoma marijuana
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Here's the complete list of DHS flagged search terms. Don't use any of these on social media to avoid having the 3-letter agencies express interest in your activities!
DHS & Other Agencies
Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
Coast Guard (USCG)
Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
Border Patrol
Secret Service (USSS)
National Operations Center (NOC)
Homeland Defense
Immigration Customs Enforcement (ICE)
Agent
Task Force
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Fusion Center
Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)
Secure Border Initiative (SBI)
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms (ATF)
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (CIS)
Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS)
Transportation Security Administration (TSA)
Air Marshal
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
National Guard
Red Cross
United Nations (UN)
Domestic Security
Assassination
Attack
Domestic security
Drill
Exercise
Cops
Law enforcement
Authorities
Disaster assistance
Disaster management
DNDO (Domestic Nuclear Detection Office)
National preparedness
Mitigation
Prevention
Response
Recovery
Dirty Bomb
Domestic nuclear detection
Emergency management
Emergency response
First responder
Homeland security
Maritime domain awareness (MDA)
National preparedness initiative
Militia
Shooting
Shots fired
Evacuation
Deaths
Hostage
Explosion (explosive)
Police
Disaster medical assistance team (DMAT)
Organized crime
Gangs
National security
State of emergency
Security
Breach
Threat
Standoff
SWAT
Screening
Lockdown
Bomb (squad or threat)
Crash
Looting
Riot
Emergency Landing
Pipe bomb
Incident
Facility
HAZMAT & Nuclear
Hazmat
Nuclear
Chemical Spill
Suspicious package/device
Toxic
National laboratory
Nuclear facility
Nuclear threat
Cloud
Plume
Radiation
Radioactive
Leak
Biological infection (or event)
Chemical
Chemical burn
Biological
Epidemic
Hazardous
Hazardous material incident
Industrial spill
Infection
Powder (white)
Gas
Spillover
Anthrax
Blister agent
Exposure
Burn
Nerve agent
Ricin
Sarin
North Korea
Health Concern + H1N1
Outbreak
Contamination
Exposure
Virus
Evacuation
Bacteria
Recall
Ebola
Food Poisoning
Foot and Mouth (FMD)
H5N1
Avian
Flu
Salmonella
Small Pox
Plague
Human to human
Human to ANIMAL
Influenza
Center for Disease Control (CDC)
Drug Administration (FDA)
Public Health
Toxic
Agro Terror
Tuberculosis (TB)
Agriculture
Listeria
Symptoms
Mutation
Resistant
Antiviral
Wave
Pandemic
Infection
Water/air borne
Sick
Swine
Pork
Strain
Quarantine
H1N1
Vaccine
Tamiflu
Norvo Virus
Epidemic
World Health Organization (WHO and components)
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
E. Coli
Infrastructure Security
Infrastructure security
Airport
CIKR (Critical Infrastructure & Key Resources)
AMTRAK
Collapse
Computer infrastructure
Communications infrastructure
Telecommunications
Critical infrastructure
National infrastructure
Metro
WMATA
Airplane (and derivatives)
Chemical fire
Subway
BART
MARTA
Port Authority
NBIC (National Biosurveillance Integration Center)
Transportation security
Grid
Power
Smart
Body scanner
Electric
Failure or outage
Black out
Brown out
Port
Dock
Bridge
Canceled
Delays
Service disruption
Power lines
Southwest Border Violence
Drug cartel
Violence
Gang
Drug
Narcotics
Cocaine
Marijuana
Heroin
Border
Mexico
Cartel
Southwest
Juarez
Sinaloa
Tijuana
Torreon
Yuma
Tucson
Decapitated
U.S. Consulate
Consular
El Paso
Fort Hancock
San Diego
Ciudad Juarez
Nogales
Sonora
Colombia
Mara salvatrucha
MS13 or MS-13
Drug war
Mexican army
Methamphetamine
Cartel de Golfo
Gulf Cartel
La Familia
Reynose
Nuevo Leon
Narcos
Narco banners (Spanish equivalents)
Los Zetas
Shootout
Execution
Gunfight
Trafficking
Kidnap
Calderon
Reyosa
Bust
Tamaulipas
Meth Lab
Drug trade
Illegal immigrants
Smuggling (smugglers)
Matamoros
Michoacana
Guzman
Arellano-Felix
Beltran-Leyva
Barrio Azteca
Artistics Assassins
Mexicles
New Federation
Terrorism
Terrorism
Al Queda (all spellings)
Terror
Attack
Iraq
Afghanistan
Iran
Pakistan
Agro
Environmental terrorist
Eco terrorism
Conventional weapon
Target
Weapons grade
Dirty bomb
Enriched
Nuclear
Chemical weapon
Biological weapon
Ammonium nitrate
Improvised explosive device
IED (Improvised Explosive Device)
Abu Sayyaf
Hamas
FARC (Armed Revolutionary Forces Colombia)
IRA (Irish Republican Army)
ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna)
Basque Separatists
Hezbollah
Tamil Tiger
PLF (Palestine Liberation Front)
PLO (Palestine Libration Organization)
Car bomb
Jihad
Taliban
Weapons cache
Suicide bomber
Suicide attack
Suspicious substance
AQAP (Al Qaeda Arabian Peninsula)
AQIM (Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb)
TTP (Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan)
Yemen
Pirates
Extremism
Somalia
Nigeria
Radicals
Al-Shabaab
Home grown
Plot
Nationalist
Recruitment
Fundamentalism
Islamist
Weather/Disaster/Emergency
Emergency
Hurricane
Tornado
Twister
Tsunami
Earthquake
Tremor
Flood
Storm
Crest
Temblor
Extreme weather
Forest fire
Brush fire
Ice
Stranded/Stuck
Help
Hail
Wildfire
Tsunami Warning Center
Magnitude
Avalanche
Typhoon
Shelter-in-place
Disaster
Snow
Blizzard
Sleet
Mud slide or Mudslide
Erosion
Power outage
Brown out
Warning
Watch
Lightening
Aid
Relief
Closure
Interstate
Burst
Emergency Broadcast System
Cyber Security
Cyber security
Botnet
DDOS (dedicated denial of service)
Denial of service
Malware
Virus
Trojan
Keylogger
Cyber Command
2600
Spammer
Phishing
Rootkit
Phreaking
Cain and abel
Brute forcing
Mysql injection
Cyber attack
Cyber terror
Hacker
China
Conficker
Worm
Scammers
Social media
SOCIAL MEDIA?!
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A Pennsylvania nurse already charged with killing two patients in her care through lethal doses of insulin has been hit with fresh charges after sheconfessed to trying to kill 19 people at different rehabilitation centers where she worked, prosecutors announced Thursday.
Heather Pressdee, 41, allegedly administered excessive amounts of insulin to 19 patients — some of whom were diabetic and others not — at five different care facilities from 2020 to this year. Ultimately, 17 patients in her care have died, the Pennsylvania Attorney General’s Office said.
As a result, new charges were filed against her Thursday: two counts of first-degree murder, 17 counts of attempted murder and 19 counts of neglect of a care-dependent person, in connection with the 19 patients she allegedly mistreated, Attorney General Michelle Henry said.
Prosecutors noted that Pressdee was charged with first-degree murder in cases where “physical evidence is available to support the cause of death,” and attempted murder in cases where the victims either survived the excessive dose of insulin or the cause of death could not be determined.
She had already been charged in May for allegedly mistreating three patients, two of whom died, bringing the total number of allegedly mistreated patients to 22.
Pressdee would typically administer the insulin during overnight shifts when there was low staffing and the emergencies “would not prompt immediate hospitalization,” prosecutors said.
“If Pressdee sensed the victim would ‘pull through’ there is a pattern of her taking additional measures to try to kill the victims before they could be sent to the hospital by either administering a second dose of insulin or the use of an air embolism to ensure death,” the criminal complaint in the case said.
The alleged victims ranged in age from 43 to 104.
The complaint said Pressdee, whose nursing license has been suspended, “admitted to harming, with the intent to kill, all patients named in this affidavit.”
The two first-degree murder charges are in connection with two patient deaths at Sunnyview Nursing and Rehabilitation Center.
On March 24-25, 2021, she allegedly intentionally administered insulin and an air embolism to a patient, identified by the initials G.S., with the intent to kill him and which ultimately caused his death, the complaint said.
Then on April 30-May 1, 2023, she administered insulin to a patient with the initials N.C., also leading to their death, the complaint said.
The alleged abuse unfolded while Pressdee was employed as a registered nurse at Concordia at Rebecca Residence; Belair Healthcare and Rehabilitation; Quality Life Services - Chicora; Premier Armstrong Rehabilitation and Nursing Center; and Sunnyview Nursing and Rehabilitation Center.
Pressdee was arraigned Thursday, waived her preliminary hearing, and remains in custody at Butler County Prison without bail.
It's not clear if she has entered a plea. NBC News has reached out to her attorney for comment.
Authorities started watching Pressdee after a family member of a patient who died told the Bureau of Narcotics Investigation and Drug Control that Pressdee was involved in the improper administration of insulin at Quality Life Service - Chicora. An investigation found Pressdee had a “pattern” of being investigated for “abusive behavior towards patients and/or staff” at her past jobs, “resulting in Pressdee then resigning or being terminated,” the complaint said.
The filing revealed that former co-workers told investigators there were suspicions during Pressdee’s previous employment that she was “intentionally harming patients” and she had been “reprimanded for making up her own insulin doses.”
When she worked at Belair Healthcare and Rehabilitation, from April 2021 to February 2022, as an assistant director of nursing, she was suspended pending an internal investigation into co-worker concerns regarding “a pattern of individuals passing under Pressdee’s care.” However, that probe did not uncover any identifiable evidence to support those allegations.
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richard henry creel is really such a character. Such a character.
so, quick summary, in one of the newspaper articles there’s a mention of someone names richard brenner
found by @aemiron-main
richard brenner is listed as the head of the Narcotic Enforcement Division from 1954-1971
richard henry creel is the son of virginia fackle creel and henry clay creel. im sure the connection is obvious
anyway, when we look into who this richard henry creel guy was, we learn that he was the assistant surgeon general of the U.S. public health service, and to become this head he’d have to have had specialized training or significant experience in public health. so, this guy was heavily involved in this stuff, though his exact service starts in 1921 but the end is never specified
under the PHS, the, “The Division of Venereal Diseases was established in 1918, and the Narcotics Division in 1929 (it eventually became the National Institute of Mental Health).”
now, richard henry creel was born in 1878 — he would’ve been in his 50’s by the time the narcotics division was actually created
1955 - “The National Microbiological Institute became the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) by order of the Surgeon General on December 29. The Biologics Control Laboratory was detached from the institute and expanded to division status within NIH.”
1957 - “The Center for Aging Research was established November 27 as the focal center for NIH extramural activities in gerontology.”
1958 - “On July 16 the Division of General Medical Sciences was established by order of the Surgeon General, extending research into noncategorical areas covered until that time by the Division of Research Grants. The Center for Aging Research was transferred from the National Heart Institute to the Division of General Medical Sciences on November 4.”
1962 - “Five acres of land for a Gerontology Research Center were donated by the City of Baltimore in December.”
1963 - “The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences were established on January 30. The Center for Research in Child Health and the Center for Research in Aging (established in 1956) were transferred from NIGMS to NICHD.”
1967 - “The National Institute of Mental Health [narcotics division] was separated from NIH and raised to bureau status in PHS by a reorganization that became effective January 1.“
1971 - “The White House Conference on Aging recommended creating a separate National Institute on Aging on December 2.”
source
now that’s a lot of words and moving and bullshit, so here’s the most important stuff to know.
richard henry creel was appointed assistant general surgeon in 1921, and 8 years later the Narcotics Division was formed. the surgeon general he was serving served from 1920 to 1936 — it isn’t much of a reach to say he was probably involved in the creation of this division
now, richard brenner was supposedly the head of the Narcotics Enforcement Division from 1954 to 1971. during that time, the narcotics division was brought up to bureau status, putting it at rank with programs like the FBI and an entire institute dedicated to researching the effects of aging were created, merging aging research with child health research
all of this stuff has roots in the PHS, and the PHS’ biggest start up was chemical research. all of this gets rooted back to chemical research
so, when we look at it, we can see that the same year the institute on aging was created, richard brenner was resigned and richard creel died. this was the year that all the main kids were born, most importantly el and will
i’d also like to point out the center of aging stuff began about two years before henry was taken by brenner. that would be when henry was 10, and i believe that that was the year henry moved to hawkins (trust in @laozuspo) and it was only a year after richard brenner had gotten involved with the narcotics division
what could this all be pointing to? well, both em and james have been feeding me stuff about henry’s regeneration abilities. more importantly, how they resemble cancer. what i didn’t include in the info from 1955 is that the first ever cancer chemotherapy center was established — the same year the Biologics Control Laboratory was given its own division. the BCL explored viral diseases and produced vaccines. the word ‘sick’ in the show has prominent value on a deeper level, as stav has explained, but if we take it more surface level…
ALL i’m saying is that a ton of this stuff lines up. i don’t have a clear answer as to what exactly it means or how we got from A to B for sure, but it seems a lot like this richard character was interested in henry’s cancer-like regeneration abilities. possibly even in an attempt to prevent the process of aging. maybe, just maybe, richard brenner, richard henry creel, and martin brenner aren’t all that different *wink wink*
#at least this is what i’ve found so far#i’m still digging but i need to get this out of my head so i can focus on the other stuff i’m supposed to be working on#like. i shouldn’t be focusing on this or virginia fackle creel’s garden i have 3 different posts im supposed to be making and a fic#but . But this is so#richard brenner#martin brenner#richard henry creel
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Muawiya Zafar Ghazali Mustafai
Freelance Writer & Passionate Poet & Researcher at Centre of legal Studies & Research & World Islamic Centre of Egypt & Iran Rgd. Ex. Moradabad Head Chief Officer of Narcotics Control Bureau NCB Indian Government 2021 Rgd. and belong to the great grand golden royal family of Quresh and Sa'daat. #muawiya_zafar_ghazali_mustafai
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Other 'fun' facts from MK Ultra:
The man in charge, Sidney Gottlieb, tried LSD and got really, really, really obsessed with it. In his spare time he was basically this hippie environmentalist guy who lived on a goat farm with his family, just to fill out your mental image of this dude. He also got other CIA researchers into LSD, and the first experiments involved spiking the food and drink of their fellow CIA members (to see what happens when people don't know they're being dosed). This happened so often that CIA security had to send out memos warning staff about this.
There was also Operation Midnight Climax, which was used to test the efficacy of LSD in honeypot situations. They set up brothels in various San Francisco CIA safehouses, hired real sex workers, and got them to dose clients with LSD whilst agents watched the proceedings from behind a one-way mirror. One of these agents was a former Federal Bureau of Narcotics guy, and apparently he watched these experiments whilst sitting on a chemical toilet (?) and drinking martinis (???)
Which honestly sounds like he conned the CIA to pay for his extremely specific fetish
Also the CIA started experimenting with 'mind control' in response to rumours that the Soviets were also experimenting with mind control. Which is true, except those experiments were mostly about trying to read dogs' minds using radio waves (not completely stupid given how relatively new and unexplored radio was during the 1930s when these experiments took place, but definitely rather optimistic) and meditation routines to calm an agitated population. The latter was attempted during the Gorbachev years. I'm sure you can assess it's success for yourselves.
"You say that psychic powers aren't real. But then why did the CIA invest millions of dollars in parapsychological research during the Cold War?" I don't know how to tell you this, but the CIA are dumb.
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The Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) celebrated its 67th Foundation Day on December 4, 2024. Established in 1957, DRI is India's premier intelligence and enforcement agency under the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC). It plays a crucial role in combating smuggling, customs duty evasion, and related economic offenses.
To mark the occasion, the agency hosted the 9th Regional Customs Enforcement Meeting (RCEM), bringing together representatives from international organizations like the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the International Narcotics Control Bureau (INCB). DRI also released its annual "Smuggling in India Report 2023-24," highlighting its achievements, including seizures and enforcement trends.
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Impersonating CBI, NCB Officers, Fraudsters Arrested By UP STF After Scamming Doctor Of Rs 48 Lakh
The Special Task Force (STF) of Uttar Pradesh Police arrested three members of an organised gang involved in digital fraud by impersonating officers of law enforcement agencies such as the CBI, Narcotics Control Bureau, Crime Branch to “digitally arrest” their victims. The accused — identified as Shyam, Hasrhal and Punit Sharma — all residents of Delhi, were held in Lucknow on Tuesday after a…
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Career Scope After B.Sc in Forensic Sciences
Forensic science is a unique and exciting field that combines scientific principles with investigative techniques to help solve crimes. With the increasing reliance on scientific evidence in criminal justice systems worldwide, forensic science has become a promising career path. A B.Sc in Forensic Sciences provides the foundational knowledge and skills needed to excel in this dynamic field. Let’s explore the diverse career opportunities, roles, and further educational prospects for graduates of this program.
Key Career Opportunities
Graduates of a B.Sc in Forensic Sciences can pursue various roles that involve crime investigation, laboratory analysis, and evidence interpretation. Here are some key career options:
1. Forensic Analyst
Forensic analysts examine physical evidence from crime scenes, such as fingerprints, hair, fibers, and weapons. Their meticulous work helps law enforcement agencies build strong cases against offenders. Specializations within this role include:
DNA analysis
Trace evidence analysis
Ballistics and firearm examination
2. Crime Scene Investigator
Crime scene investigators (CSIs) are responsible for collecting, documenting, and preserving evidence at crime scenes. Their work is crucial in ensuring the integrity of evidence for legal proceedings. CSIs often collaborate with law enforcement, forensic labs, and legal professionals.
3. Toxicologist
Toxicologists study the effects of toxins, drugs, and chemicals on biological systems. They play a vital role in cases involving poisoning, drug overdoses, and substance abuse. Toxicologists often work in forensic labs, medical institutions, or pharmaceutical companies.
4. Lab Technician
Lab technicians assist forensic scientists by preparing samples, conducting routine tests, and maintaining laboratory equipment. This role is ideal for those who enjoy hands-on scientific work and are detail-oriented.
Government vs Private Sector Opportunities
Forensic science graduates can find employment in both government and private sectors, each offering unique roles and benefits.
Government Opportunities
Roles: Forensic experts in government laboratories, crime scene units, or law enforcement agencies.
Organizations: Central Forensic Science Laboratory (CFSL), State Forensic Science Laboratories (SFSL), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), and Intelligence Bureau (IB).
Packages: Government jobs offer stable salaries, with entry-level positions starting around INR 3-5 LPA, along with benefits and job security.
Private Sector Opportunities
Roles: Forensic consultants, cybercrime investigators, or forensic experts in private labs and corporate organizations.
Organizations: IT firms, pharmaceutical companies, and private forensic consultancies.
Packages: Salaries in the private sector are often higher, ranging from INR 5-8 LPA, depending on expertise and experience.
Further Studies and Certifications
To expand career opportunities and specialize further, many graduates pursue higher studies or certifications.
1. M.Sc in Forensic Sciences
An advanced degree allows students to delve deeper into specialized areas like digital forensics, forensic toxicology, or forensic psychology. Rabindranath Tagore University (RNTU) offers a comprehensive M.Sc program that combines academic rigor with practical exposure, preparing students for leadership roles in the field.
2. Certifications
Professional certifications in areas like:
Cyber Forensics
DNA Analysis
Ballistics can enhance skills and increase employability in niche areas.
3. Research Opportunities
Those interested in academia or research can pursue a Ph.D. in forensic sciences, contributing to advancements in the field.
Skills Required to Succeed in This Field
Forensic science demands a mix of technical expertise and soft skills to excel. Key skills include:
Technical Skills
Proficiency in analytical techniques like chromatography and spectroscopy.
Familiarity with forensic software for digital and DNA analysis.
Strong understanding of chemistry, biology, and physics.
Soft Skills
Attention to Detail: Essential for analyzing minute evidence.
Critical Thinking: Helps in interpreting complex data.
Communication Skills: Crucial for presenting findings in court.
Teamwork: Collaboration with law enforcement and legal professionals is often required.
Rabindranath Tagore University (RNTU) emphasizes skill development through hands-on training, workshops, and internships, ensuring students are industry-ready.
A career in forensic sciences is not only intellectually stimulating but also highly impactful, contributing to justice and societal well-being. With opportunities ranging from forensic analysis to cybercrime investigation, the field offers diverse and rewarding career paths. Pursuing further studies or certifications can open doors to specialized roles and higher positions.
Institutions like Rabindranath Tagore University (RNTU) provide the perfect foundation for aspiring forensic experts, combining a strong curriculum, state-of-the-art facilities, and industry exposure. If you’re passionate about solving mysteries and advancing justice, a career in forensic sciences is your ideal path to success.
Embark on this exciting journey today and make your mark in this fascinating field!
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When Was Marijuana Made Illegal in the US? A Historical Overview
When Was Marijuana Made Illegal in the US? A Historical Overview of Cannabis Prohibition
Marijuana, once celebrated for its medicinal and recreational uses, has faced a tumultuous legal journey in the United States. From being a staple in pharmacies in the 19th century to becoming the target of a fierce prohibition campaign in the 20th century, the legal status of marijuana has shifted dramatically. This post will explore the fascinating and complex history of marijuana prohibition, its racial implications, and the ongoing fight for legalization.The Early Use of Marijuana: From Medicine to Recreational Use in the 19th CenturyIn the 19th century, marijuana was widely used in the United States for medicinal purposes. The plant’s psychoactive properties were well known, and cannabis extracts were a common ingredient in tinctures, medicines, and even over-the-counter remedies. At the time, marijuana wasn’t seen as harmful or dangerous, and its use was primarily for treating various ailments such as pain, nausea, and sleep disorders.During this time, marijuana was also used recreationally in some communities. However, it wasn’t until the 20th century that the stigma surrounding cannabis began to take root. Inside a 1900s pharmacy, cannabis extract bottles are displayed among other remedies, reflecting the historical use of marijuana in American medicine. The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937: The Start of Marijuana ProhibitionThe turning point for marijuana came in 1937 with the passage of the Marihuana Tax Act, which effectively criminalized cannabis. This act, signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was heavily influenced by Harry Anslinger, the first commissioner of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN). Anslinger led a campaign against marijuana, using racist rhetoric and misinformation to persuade the public that the drug was linked to violence, insanity, and criminal behavior.One of the most notorious pieces of propaganda was the film Reefer Madness, which portrayed marijuana users as deranged and violent. Despite the lack of scientific evidence supporting these claims, Anslinger successfully convinced lawmakers to criminalize marijuana.How the War on Drugs Impacted Marijuana Laws in the 1970s and BeyondThe 1970s marked another significant shift in marijuana law with the creation of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970, which classified marijuana as a Schedule I substance. This classification meant that marijuana was considered to have no medical use and a high potential for abuse, putting it alongside drugs like heroin and LSD. The War on Drugs, initiated by President Richard Nixon, further intensified anti-marijuana sentiment and led to increased arrests and harsh penalties for possession.While the War on Drugs aimed to reduce drug use across the U.S., it disproportionately targeted minority communities, particularly Black and Latino populations. The criminalization of marijuana during this period had lasting effects on racial disparities in the justice system, with Black Americans being arrested for marijuana-related offenses at much higher rates than white Americans, despite similar usage rates.
1937: The U.S. Capitol during the passage of the Marihuana Tax Act, marking the beginning of cannabis prohibition. The Shift Toward Legalization: How Marijuana Became Legal Again in the U.S.The late 20th and early 21st centuries saw a growing movement advocating for marijuana legalization. By the 1990s, states began to pass laws allowing the medical use of marijuana, beginning with California in 1996. The momentum for legalization continued to grow, and in 2012, Colorado and Washington became the first states to legalize marijuana for recreational use.As of 2024, marijuana has been legalized for recreational use in 23 states, while 37 states have approved medical marijuana programs. Public opinion has undergone a dramatic transformation, with the majority of Americans now in favor of full legalization, according to recent polls.The Racial Implications of Marijuana Prohibition: A History of DisparitiesThe history of marijuana prohibition is not just a story about drug policy; it’s also one that reveals the racial inequalities embedded in U.S. laws. As mentioned, the War on Drugs disproportionately impacted Black and Latino communities, leading to mass incarceration and long-lasting social consequences.According to the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), Black people are 3.64 times more likely to be arrested for marijuana possession than white people, despite similar usage rates. The ongoing fight for marijuana reform continues to address these racial disparities and calls for policies that prioritize restorative justice for those most impacted by the War on Drugs. Vintage snapshots from the War on Drugs in the United States, capturing pivotal moments and cultural shifts in the anti-drug movement. Current Marijuana Laws: Which States Have Legalized Marijuana for Medical and Recreational Use?Today, marijuana remains illegal at the federal level, classified as a Schedule I controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act. However, federal attitudes toward marijuana are slowly changing. In 2021, President Joe Biden announced a review of marijuana’s federal classification, and discussions about decriminalization and legalization are ongoing.The success of state-level legalization efforts has made it increasingly difficult to ignore the public demand for broader reform. Advocates continue to push for the federal legalization of marijuana, which would allow for regulated production, distribution, and taxation.Is Marijuana Still Illegal Federally in the U.S.? Understanding Federal LawYes, marijuana is still classified as a Schedule I drug under federal law. However, there has been growing momentum for decriminalization and legalization, with some legislative efforts underway to change its status. In recent years, the federal government has relaxed certain regulations, allowing states more autonomy over marijuana laws.The Future of Marijuana Legalization in the US: What Lies AheadDespite being illegal for much of U.S. history, marijuana’s growing acceptance in recent years reflects a significant shift in public opinion. The ongoing efforts to decriminalize and legalize marijuana at the state and federal levels highlight the changing attitudes toward its medicinal, recreational, and economic potential. While the fight for full federal legalization continues, it’s clear that marijuana’s journey is far from over.As we look to the future, it’s important to continue advocating for marijuana policies that are fair, equitable, and informed by science. The fight for marijuana legalization is not just about the legal status of a plant—it’s about correcting historical injustices, improving public health, and fostering a more just society. Anti-marijuana propaganda posters from the 1930s and 1940s, using fear-based imagery to portray cannabis users as dangerous, part of a campaign to shape negative public opinion. How Marijuana's Legal Status Impacts Health, Social Justice, and the EconomyMarijuana’s legality impacts healthcare, criminal justice, and economic issues. Legalization would open up avenues for medical research, potentially leading to new treatments. It also has the potential to reduce the number of individuals incarcerated for marijuana-related offenses and provide tax revenue for state governments. However, discussions about regulation, public safety, and equity remain ongoing.Can I Legally Use Marijuana in All States Where It’s Legal? Key ConsiderationsAlthough marijuana is legal in some states, it remains illegal at the federal level, meaning it is prohibited on federal land (including airports, military bases, and national parks). Additionally, state laws vary regarding where you can use marijuana, how much you can possess, and whether or not marijuana can be consumed in public places.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cg-ItyeRKK4
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
When was marijuana first made illegal in the United States? Marijuana was first made illegal in the U.S. with the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937. This act effectively criminalized the plant through heavy taxation, influenced by anti-cannabis propaganda and the efforts of Harry Anslinger, head of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics. Why was marijuana banned in the 1930s? Marijuana was banned largely due to a combination of racial prejudice and political motives. The campaign led by Harry Anslinger focused on spreading fear about marijuana’s alleged link to violence and insanity, particularly among African American and Latino communities. Misinformation, such as the infamous Reefer Madness film, fueled public hysteria, leading to its prohibition. What is the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937? The Marihuana Tax Act was the first federal law in the U.S. that regulated marijuana. While not outright banning the plant, it imposed strict controls, making it difficult to produce and sell marijuana legally. It set the foundation for marijuana prohibition in the U.S. until the 1970s. How did marijuana's legal status change in the 1970s? In 1970, the Controlled Substances Act was passed, classifying marijuana as a Schedule I drug, meaning it was considered to have no medical use and a high potential for abuse. This classification severely restricted research and its legal use, escalating the criminal penalties for marijuana possession. What impact did the War on Drugs have on marijuana laws? The War on Drugs, launched by President Nixon in the 1970s, led to harsher penalties for marijuana offenses and disproportionately targeted minority communities. Despite the growing body of evidence against marijuana’s harmfulness, law enforcement efforts were focused on marijuana-related arrests, contributing to mass incarceration, particularly among Black and Latino populations. When did marijuana start becoming legal again in the U.S.? The movement for marijuana legalization gained momentum in the 1990s, beginning with California’s medical marijuana law in 1996. In the following years, more states passed similar laws, legalizing cannabis for both medical and recreational use. In 2012, Washington and Colorado made history as the first states to legalize marijuana for recreational use. How many states have legalized marijuana? As of 2024, 23 states have legalized marijuana for recreational use, and 37 states allow for medical marijuana use. Public opinion has shifted significantly, with the majority of Americans now supporting full legalization. Is marijuana still illegal federally in the U.S.? Yes, marijuana is still classified as a Schedule I drug under federal law. However, there has been growing momentum for decriminalization and legalization, with some legislative efforts underway to change its status. In recent years, the federal government has relaxed certain regulations, allowing states more autonomy over marijuana laws. What are the racial implications of marijuana prohibition? The criminalization of marijuana disproportionately affected Black and Latino communities, with African Americans being arrested for marijuana-related offenses at significantly higher rates than their white counterparts, despite similar usage rates. The War on Drugs and its enforcement policies contributed to the mass incarceration of these communities. ILGM Fertilizer
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