#Lillian Joseph

[lunabunry]

Knightingale 2021

here are some character interactions and two solo Damiens

[wilsondick-winterexchange]

The WilsonDick Winter Exchange Sign-Ups are now open! You can sign up until September 30. AO3 sign-ups are editable, so don't be afraid to fill them out with your first ideas and then come back later!

💠Important Sign-Up Information💠

You may pair Dick in platonic & romantic relationships with the following characters:

Slade Wilson

Joey Wilson

Rose Wilson

Grant Wilson

Adeline Kane

William Randolph Wintergreen

Lillian Worth

Respawn

Wade LaFarge

Your requests and offers must include a minimum of two (2) ships, favourite tropes, likes, and DNWs (Do Not Wants or Squicks).

For example, if one of your requests is romantic Slade Wilson/Dick Grayson that rule is complied with if another request is about the platonic Slade Wilson & Dick Grayson and vice versa. The rule is NOT complied with if you only request poly romance with the same base ship.

More questions about the sign-up process? Check out our SIGN-UP GUIDE.

SIGN-UP for a very WilsonDick Winter

💠Schedule💠

Sign-ups: September 8 - September 30 Assignments: October 5 Check-in: November 9 Fanworks Deadline: November 23 Posting Fanworks: December 7 - 10 Creators Revealed: December 14

💠Community💠

Want to join our WilsonDick fever community? Got questions about the exchange? Join us on Discord.

You can also learn more in Rules and FAQ or simply send us an ask!🧡💙

[zeroducks-2]

Hi Hello here's the clean version of the art piece I made for the lovely nyxkvistad and averia, specifically for their @wilsondick-winterexchange ! It's gonna be a blast yall should participate :D

Thank you so much for commissioning me guys, I loved to work on this. Tendinitis tried to stop me but I prevailed \m/

[sims-half-crazy]

The girls were 6 months old when the family decided it was time to hold their third family reunion. Lillian recounted tales of that disastrous first family reunion during Thanksgiving. She reiterated that family reunions should not occur during holidays, and everyone agreed with her. After that, there were conversations on top of conversations as three generations of Gosnolls laughed, talked, and remembered those who had been lost. Memories and plans were made for more visits and reunions. For over 150 years, the Gosnoll family has persevered and continued their story, and these 13 people will continue to live that legacy.

**I have had a blast writing the stories of the Gosnoll family. I didn't expect to actually finish, but now that I have, there are myriad emotions attached. There is no clear-cut favorite from my cast of characters, but a few notable ones stand out. Effie was my first favorite. She was modeled after my own great-great-grandmother. While I never met her, the stories I've been told molded Effie's character. Lena was another favorite, with her emotions that were too big to contain. Her love of fashion definitely stems from my own family's interest in fashion over the last six generations. Writing Lena was an embodiment of my youngest daughter and how she feels things so deeply and animatedly. Heather was my "Sims"-ification of myself. Her story arc matches mine in some ways, but she also found her own path. Letting the dice decide the story was sometimes a good thing, but I also hated them at times. They definitely forced me out of my own way in developing the highs and lows of this saga. I hope you enjoyed following along with this little pixel story, and I hope you'll join me for a new story coming in August, full of drama and passion.**

[dragoneyes618]

"One of the first Americans to discover Anne Frank's diary was Meyer Levin, an American-Jewish novelist, who helped arrange for its English publication. Levin also procured from Otto Frank the right to adapt the diary as a play. Although the script Levin produced was extremely faithful to Anne Frank's original diaries, Lillian Hellman, one of the foremost playwrights of the period, told Otto Frank that Levin's script was unactable. Hellman, a pro-Stalinist, used her considerable influence to have The Diary of Anne Frank assigned to friends, with whom she worked on the script. It was this version, and not Levin's, that was subsequently produced. In the final edition of the new script, Anne Frank's statement that Judaism and its ideals were the root cause of Nazi antisemitism was eliminated. Instead, words were put into the actress's mouth that Anne had never written but which reflected the worldview of the play's writers: "We are not the only people that have had to suffer...sometimes one race, sometimes another." 

- Jewish Literacy, Rabbi Joseph Telushkin, page 408

[letterboxd-loggd]

Portrait of Jennie (1948) William Dieterle

November 25th 2022

[cinemaquiles]

Antes de O exorcista teve.... "A filha do diabo", de 1973

[pwrn51]

Is the First Amendment in danger?

  In this episode of Lest We Forget Historical, host Lillian Cauldwell discusses recent comments made by potential Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump. He suggested that critics of the Supreme Court should be jailed for disagreeing with the Justices’ decisions. This is not unprecedented; individuals have been imprisoned for expressing their views throughout history. For instance, near…

[spacelazarwolf]

in honor of that anon who said jews have done nothing for the world, here’s a non exhaustive list of things we’ve done for the world:

arts, fashion, and lifestyle:

jeans - levi strauss

modern bras - ida rosenthal

sewing machines - isaac merritt singer

modern film industry - carl laemmle (universal pictures), adolph zukor (paramount pictures), william fox (fox film forporation), louis b. mayer (mgm - metro-goldwyn-mayer), harry, sam, albert, and jack warners (warner bros.), steven spielberg, mel brooks, marx brothers

operetta - jacques offenbach

comic books - stan lee

graphic novels - will eisner

teddy bears - morris and rose michtom

influential musicians - irving berlin, stephen sondheim, benny goodman, george gershwin, paul simon, itzhak perlman, leonard bernstein, bob dylan, leonard cohen

artists - mark rothko

actors - elizabeth taylor, jerry lewis, barbara streisand

comedians - lenny bruce, joan rivers, jerry seinfeld

authors - judy blume, tony kushner, allen ginsberg, walter mosley

culture:

esperanto - ludwik lazar zamenhof

feminism - betty friedan, gloria steinem, ruth bader ginsberg

queer and trans rights - larry kramer, harvey milk, leslie feinberg, abby stein, kate bornstein, frank kameny, judith butler

international women's day - clara zetkin

principles of journalizm, statue of liberty, and pulitzer prize - joseph pulitzer

"the new colossus" - emma lazarus

universal declaration of human rights - rene samuel cassin

holocaust remembrance and human rights activism - elie wiesel

workers rights - louis brandeis, rose schneiderman

public health care, women's rights, and children's rights - lillian wald

racial equity - rabbi abraham joshua heschel, julius rosenwald, andrew goodman, michael schwerner

political theory - hannah arendt

disability rights - judith heumann

black lives matter slogan and movement - alicia garza

#metoo movement - jodi kantor

institute of sexology - magnus hirschfeld

technology:

word processing computers - evelyn berezin

facebook - mark zuckerberg

console video game system - ralph henry baer

cell phones - amos edward joel jr., martin cooper

3d - leonard lipton

telephone - philipp reis

fax machines - arthur korn

microphone - emile berliner

gramophone - emile berliner

television - boris rosing

barcodes - norman joseph woodland and bernard silver

secret communication system, which is the foundation of the technology used for wifi - hedy lamarr

three laws of robotics - isaac asimov

cybernetics - norbert wiener

helicopters - emile berliner

BASIC (programming language) - john george kemeny

google - sergey mikhaylovich brin and larry page

VCR - jerome lemelson

fax machine - jerome lemelson

telegraph - samuel finley breese morse

morse code - samuel finley breese morse

bulletproof glass - edouard benedictus

electric motor and electroplating - boris semyonovich jacobi

nuclear powered submarine - hyman george rickover

the internet - paul baran

icq instant messenger - arik vardi, yair goldfinger,, sefi vigiser, amnon amir

color photography - leopold godowsky and leopold mannes

world's first computer - herman goldstine

modern computer architecture - john von neumann

bittorrent - bram cohen

voip internet telephony - alon cohen

data archiving - phil katz, eugene roshal, abraham lempel, jacob ziv

nemeth code - abraham nemeth

holography - dennis gabor

laser - theodor maiman

instant photo sharing online - philippe kahn

first automobile - siegfried samuel marcus

electrical maglev road - boris petrovich weinberg

drip irrigation - simcha blass

ballpoint pen and automatic gearbox - laszlo biro

photo booth - anatol marco josepho

medicine:

pacemakers and defibrillators - louise robinovitch

defibrillators - bernard lown

anti-plague and anti-cholera vaccines - vladimir aronovich khavkin

polio vaccine - jonas salk

test for diagnosis of syphilis - august paul von wasserman

test for typhoid fever - ferdinand widal

penicillin - ernst boris chain

pregnancy test - barnhard zondek

antiretroviral drug to treat aids and fight rejection in organ transplants - gertrude elion

discovery of hepatitis c virus - harvey alter

chemotherapy - paul ehrlich

discovery of prions - stanley prusiner

psychoanalysis - sigmund freud

rubber condoms - julius fromm

birth control pill - gregory goodwin pincus

asorbic acid (vitamin c) - tadeusz reichstein

blood groups and rh blood factor - karl landsteiner

acyclovir (treatment for infections caused by herpes virus) - gertrude elion

vitamins - caismir funk

technique for measuring blood insulin levils - rosalyn sussman yalow

antigen for hepatitus - baruch samuel blumberg

a bone fusion technique - gavriil abramovich ilizarov

homeopathy - christian friedrich samuel hahnemann

aspirin - arthur ernst eichengrun

science:

theory of relativity - albert einstein

theory of the electromagnetic field - james maxwell

quantum mechanics - max born, gustav ludwig hertz

quantum theory of gravity - matvei bronstein

microbiology - ferdinand julius cohn

neuropsychology - alexander romanovich luria

counters for x-rays and gamma rays - robert hofstadter

genetic engineering - paul berg

discovery of the antiproton - emilio gino segre

discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation - arno allan penzias

discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universe - adam riess and saul merlmutter

discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity - roger penrose

discovery of a supermassive compact object at the center of the milky way - andrea ghez

modern cosmology and the big bang theory - alexander alexandrovich friedmann

stainless steel - hans goldschmidt

gas powered vehicles

interferometer - albert abraham michelson

discovery of the source of energy production in stars - hans albrecht bethe

proved poincare conjecture - grigori yakovlevich perelman

biochemistry - otto fritz meyerhof

electron-positron collider - bruno touschek

[writing-with-sophia]

20 Victorian-era names for girls

Adelaide: Derived from the Germanic name Adalheidis, meaning "noble" or "of noble birth."

Beatrice: Derived from the Latin name Beatrix, meaning "she who brings happiness" or "blessed."

Charlotte: Of French origin, meaning "free" or "petite."

Clara: Derived from the Latin word clarus, meaning "clear" or "bright."

Edith: Derived from the Old English name Ēadgyð, meaning "prosperous in war" or "blessed."

Eleanor: Derived from the Old French form of the name Aliénor, meaning "bright," "shining," or "light."

Florence: Derived from the Latin name Florentia, meaning "flourishing" or "prosperous."

Genevieve: Derived from the Old Germanic name Genovefa, meaning "woman of the race" or "tribe woman."

Georgiana: Feminine form of George, meaning "farmer" or "earth-worker."

Harriet: Derived from the French name Henriette, meaning "home ruler" or "ruler of the household."

Isabella: Derived from the Hebrew name Elisheba, meaning "God is my oath" or "devoted to God."

Josephine: Feminine form of Joseph, meaning "God will add" or "God increases."

Lillian: Derived from the Latin name Lilium, meaning "lily" or "pure."

Matilda: Derived from the Germanic name Mahthildis, meaning "mighty in battle" or "strength in battle."

Penelope: Of Greek origin, meaning "weaver" or "duck."

Rosalind: Derived from the Germanic elements hros, meaning "horse," and lind, meaning "soft" or "tender." But the meaning later changed to mean "lovely rose", from the Latin rosa lindaI.

Victoria: Derived from the Latin word victoria, meaning "victory" or "conqueror."

Winifred: Derived from the Old English name Winefrið, meaning "friend of peace" or "blessed peacemaking."

Prudence: Derived from the Latin word prudentia, meaning "foresight" or "wisdom."

Clementine: Derived from the Latin name Clemens, meaning "merciful" or "gentle."

More names

[funkopersonal]

Here's your daily reminder that...

Jews are only 0.2% of the worlds population but...

Jews make up 14% of the World Total and 38% of the United States of America total winners for the Nobel Prize for Literature (source).

Of the 965 individual recipients of the Nobel Prize and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences between 1901 and 2023, at least 214 have been Jews or people with at least one Jewish parent, representing 22% of all recipients. (source)

Jews make up 14% of the total winners of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction 18% of the total winners of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry; 53% of the total winners of the Pulitzer Prize for Non-Fiction (source).

Jews make up 39% of the total winners of the Antoinette Perry (Tony) Award for Best Play; 54% of the total winners of the Tony Award for Best Book of a Musical (with 62% of all Composers and 66% of all Lyricists of Best Musical-winning productions being Jewish) (source).

Jews make up 40% of the total winners of the Academy Award (Oscar) for Best Original Screenplay; and 34% of the total winners of the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay (source).

Although Jews constitute only 3% of the U.S. population...

80% of the nation��s professional comedians are Jewish (source).

90% of American comic book creators are jewish (source)

38% of the recipients of the United States National Medal of Science are Jewish (Source).

Jews are very successful, with educational levels higher than all other U.S. ethnic groups with the exception of Asian Americans, and income levels the highest of all groups. Six out of ten Jewish adults have college degrees, and 41% of Jewish families report a household income of $75,000 or more” (source)

Jews are a minority across the globe. We've been historically opressed and hated. But these key figures from history are all Jewish and loved, yet many don't even know they're jewish (or they don't know these people in the first place!):

Stan Lee (birth name: Stanley Martin Lieber) - An American comic book writer and editor, Former executive vice president and publisher of marvel Comics, creator of iron-man, spider-man, and more.

Albert Einstein - a Theoretical physicist, Received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics, developed the theory of relativity and the "worlds most famous equation"  (E = mc^2), and more.

Ruth Bader Ginsburg - Former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, co-authored the initial law school casebook on sex discrimination, co-founded the Women’s Rights Project at the ACLU in 1972, and more.

Jack Kirby (birth name: Jacob Kurtzberg) - an American comic book artist, co-creator of Captain America, one of the most influential comic book artists

Harry Houdini (birth name: Erich Weisz) - a Hungarian-American escape artist, illusionist, and stunt performer, noted for his escape acts.

Emma Lazarus - An American author remembered for her sonnet "The New Colossus," Inspired by The Statue of Liberty and inscribed on its pedestal as of 1903.

Julius Rosenthal, Lillian Wald, Rabbi Emil G. Hirsch, Stephen Wise, and Henry Moskowitz - Jewish activists that helped form the NAACP along with W.E.B. Dubois, Ida B. Wells-Barnett, and Mary Church Terrell.

Mark Zuckerberg - Founder and CEO of Meta, a businessman who co-founded the social media service Facebook, and within four years became the world’s youngest self-made billionaire Harvard alumni.

Joseph Pulitzer - a politician and newspaper publisher, his endowment to the Columbia University established the Pulitzer Prizes in 1917, he founded the Columbia School of Journalism which opened in 1912.

Jacob William Davis - a Latvian tailor who is credited with inventing modern jeans and who worked with Levi Strauss to patent and mass-produce them, died.

Irving Berlin - drafted at age 30 to write morale-boosting songs for military revues (including “God Bless America”). Many Berlin songs remained popular for decades, including “Puttin’ on the Ritz,” “Cheek to Cheek,” “Anything You Can Do (I Can Do Better),” “There’s No Business Like Show Business,” and two celebrating Christian holidays: “White Christmas” and “Easter Parade.”

Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel - received his doctorate in Berlin. He was arrested by the Nazis in 1938, moved to the U.S. in 1940, and became an influential figure in the 1960s, marching with the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. in Selma, Alabama, and speaking out against the Vietnam War.

Elie Wiesel - Romanian-American writer and professor, holocaust survivor, nobel laureate, political activist. Authored 57 books including Night, a work based on his experiences as a Jewish prisoner in the Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps

Bob Dylan - an icon of folk, rock and protest music, won the Nobel Prize in literature for his complex and poetic lyrics.

J. Robert Oppenheimer - ran the Manhattan Project, considered the "father of the atomic Bomb," presented with the Enrico Fermi Award by President Lyndon Johnson.

Betty Friedan - co-founded the National Organization of Women and became its first president, wrote The Feminine Mystique (1963) and helped spark the second wave of feminism.

Gloria Steinem - one of the most prominent feminists of all time, launched Ms. Magazine and co-founded the National Women’s Political Caucus with Bella Abzug, Shirley Chisholm, Betty Friedan and Myrlie Evers-Williams, widow of Medgar Evers.

Sergey Brin - an American businessman best known for co-founding Google with Larry Page, president of Alphabet Inc.

Judith Heumann - a founder of the disability rights movement, led a 26-day sit-in at a federal building in San Francisco. The protest spurred implementation of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, a precursor to the Americans with Disabilities Act.

Larry Kramer - co-founded Gay Men’s Health Crisis in response to the AIDS epidemic but was soon ousted over his confrontational activism. He went on to help launch a more strident group, ACT UP, and wrote a critically acclaimed play, The Normal Heart, about the early AIDS years in New York City.

Steven Spielberg - released his critically acclaimed epic film Schindler’s List, based on the true story of a German industrialist who saved Jews during the Holocaust. The movie won seven Oscars and led Spielberg to launch the Shoah Foundation at the University of Southern California, which filmed interviews with 52,000 survivors of the Holocaust and genocides in Nanjing and Rwanda.

Calvin Klein - made designer jeans and the infamous ad starring Brooke Shields revolutionized the fashion industry, sold his company to Phillips-Van Heusen (now PVH) for $430 million. Klein was the first designer to win three consecutive Coty Awards for womenswear.

Daveed Diggs - an American actor, rapper, and singer-songwriter. he originated the dual roles of Marquis de Lafayette and Thomas Jefferson in the musical Hamilton, for which he won a 2016 Tony Award for Best Actor in a Featured Role in a Musical. Along with the main cast of Hamilton, he was awarded a Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album in the same year.

And so much more. (a pretty decent list is available here)

Not only that, but the following are all Jewish inventions...

The Teddy Bear - made by Morris and Rose Michtom in honor of Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt.

The Ballpoint Pen - *the first commercially sucessfull ballpoint pen was made by Lazlo Biro, a Hungarian-Jew, and his brother.

Mobile Phones - made by Martin Cooper, nicknamed the "father of the cellphone", and was born in Chicago to Ukrainian Jewish immigrants.

The Barbie - made by Ruth Marianna Handler, born to Polish-Jewish immigrants.

Power Rangers - made by Haim Saban, a Jewish-Egyptian

Video Games - made by Ralph Baer, a German-Jew

Peeps - made by Sam Born, a Russian-Jewish immigrants who came to the United States in 1909.

Cards Against Humanity - created by a group of Jewish boys from the same high school

Many Superheroes including Superman, Ironman, spider-man, batman, and more!

and more! (an illustrated list available here.)

Conclusion: If you're Jewish, be proud. You come from a long line of successful people. No matter what happened to them, Jews persevered, and they strived for sucess. Be proud of your culture, your history, these are your people. You're Jewish.

(feel free to reblog and add more, or just comment and i'll add it!)

Last Updated: June 25, 1:35 AM EST

[battyaboutbooksreviews]

Books for Aromantic Spectrum Awareness Week

🦇 It's Aromantic Spectrum Awareness Week (February 18th-24th)! In an effort to #ReadQueerAllYear, here are a few books featuring aromantic characters you can add to your TBR!

💚 Little Thieves by Margaret Owen 🤍 The Bone Season - Samanta Shannon 🤍 Hullmetal Girls - Emily Skrutskie 🖤 Tarnished Are the Stars - Rosiee Thor 💚 Kaikeyi - Vaishnavi Patel 🤍 The Reckless Kind - Carly Heath 🤍 First Test - Tamora Pierce 🖤 No More Heroes - Loren Rhoads 💚 This Golden Flame - Emily Victoria 🤍 Baker Thief - Claudie Arseneault 🤍 Immoral Code - Lillian Clark 🖤 Loveless - Alice Oseman 💚 The Last 8 - Laura Pohl 🤍 The Midnight Bargain - C.L. Polk 🤍 The Lady's Guide to Petticoats and Piracy - Mackenzi Lee 🖤 Common Bonds - Claudie Arseneault, C.T. Callahan, B.R. Sanders, and RoAnna Sylver 💚 The Black Veins - Ashia Monet 🤍 Liar’s Guide to the Night Sky by Brianna Shrum 🤍 The Crow Rider - Kalyn Josephson 🖤 Summer Bird Blue - Akemi Dawn Bowman 💚 Hazel's Theory of Evolution - Lisa Jenn Bigelow 🤍 Summer of Salt - Katrina Leno 🤍 The Poppy War - R.F. Kuang 🖤 Not Even Bones - Rebecca Schaeffer 💚 Elatsoe - Darcie Little Badger 🤍 Rick - Alex Gino 🤍 Switchback by Danika Stone 🖤 Sal & Gabi Fix the Universe - Carlos Alberto Hernandez 💚 Gender Queer - Maia Kobabe 🤍 Their Troublesome Crush - Xan West 🤍 Every Bird a Prince - Jenn Reese 🖤 The Butterfly Assassin - Finn Longman 💚 Red Skies Falling - Alex London 🤍 When Villains Rise - Rebecca Schaeffer 🤍 The Bruising of Qilwa - Naseem Jamnia 🖤 Funeral Girl - Emma K. Ohland 💚 The Kindred - Alechia Dow 🤍 The Summer of Bitter and Sweet - Jen Ferguson 🤍 Dear Wendy - Ann Zhao 🖤 Tell Me How It Ends by Quinton Li 💚 This Dark Descent - Kalyn Josephson 🤍 Awakenings by Claudie Arseneault 🤍 Compound Fracture by Andrew Joseph White 🖤 Other People’s Butterflies by Cora Ruskin

Per @aroaessidhe: Little Thieves, The Kindred, The Summer of Bitter and Sweet, Gender Queer, (and I think The Bone Season?) have ace or demisexual MCs, not aromantic. also, a lot of the rest are side characters, not main characters.

Thank you, genuinely, so much, for this correction. I'm very sorry for the mistake. I create these guides between work assignments (I work from home, around the clock, trying to make ends meet in this mess of an economy) and didn't do my due diligence in double-checking every book. I think this started as an aro/ace list I was compiling and I tried to separate it into two guides. I apologize for the discrepancy vehemently and will strive to do better in the future. Thank you for catching my error.

[wilsondick-winterexchange]

Mark this Sunday, Sept 8, in your calendars, dear WilsonDick lovers! The start of the sign-up process for the WilsonDick Winter Exchange is almost within reach!

Have you started drafting your requests & offers? We are thrilled to see the love for the WilsonDick ships in any and all platonic, monogamous, and polyamorous forms and flavors. Remember, the limit is the sky.

You may pair Dick in platonic & romantic relationships with the following characters:

Slade Wilson

Joey Wilson

Rose Wilson

Grant Wilson

Adeline Kane

William Randolph Wintergreen

Lillian Worth

Respawn

Wade LaFarge

Get ready for a white, blue, and orange winter with the WilsonDick fandom. Sign-ups will open on September 8 and close on September 30. The Exchange is hosted on AO3.

Check out our Sign-Up Guide, Rules and FAQ to learn more.

You may also send us an ask, of course! 🧡💙

[byneddiedingo]

The Chase (Arthur Penn, 1966)

Cast: Marlon Brando, Jane Fonda, Robert Redford, E.G. Marshall, Angie Dickinson, Janice Rule, Miriam Hopkins, Martha Hyer, Richard Bradford, Robert Duvall, James Fox, Diana Hyland, Henry Hull, Jocelyn Brando. Screenplay: Lillian Hellman, based on a novel by Horton Foote. Cinematography: Joseph LaShelle. Production design: Richard Day. Film editing: Gene Milford. Music: John Barry.

Bad movies are often fun to watch anyway, and most of the people involved with The Chase, including director Arthur Penn, screenwriter Lillian Hellman, and star Marlon Brando, agreed that it was a bad movie. Brando let his opinion show, giving a sluggish performance that validates the old criticism that he mumbled his lines. Hellman had her script taken away and rewritten, and Penn struggled to deal with an ill-conceived project. The chief interest the film generates today is seeing actors like Jane Fonda, Robert Redford, and Robert Duvall on the brink of major stardom. There's a good deal of miscasting, including E.G. Mashall as the boss of a small town that seems to be in Texas or Louisiana. Marshall lacks the ruthless aura that the character needs. Angie Dickinson is wasted as the loving and dutiful wife of the town sheriff played by Brando. And Redford feels out of place in the role of Bubber Reeves, the town bad boy who escapes from prison (it's never quite clear what he did to be sent there) and stirs a manhunt, a lynch mob, and a conflagration in a junkyard. The town itself is a hotbed where everyone sleeps with everyone else's spouse and goes orgiastic on the Saturday night when the news of Bubber's escape breaks. It's a silly and lurid movie, but a little too long to be entertainingly bad.

[sims-half-crazy]

The whole family got together for the twins' 6th birthday! Colleen's house was feeling very small with so many people, but as she gazed around the table she was overcome with a feeling of gratitude - not even Debra's scowl could dampen her spirits. As they were getting ready to serve the cake, Lillian broke the revelry. "What is going on with you two?" The pointed question was meant for Bette and Andrew.

"Lillian!" Norman snapped in a hushed tone. "Stop it. Did you consider that they're not ready to discuss it?" Lillian was properly affronted at her husband's admonishment. She knew he was right, and that made it worse.

"I'm sorry, but seriously. It's like they're a pair of teenagers instead of the almost 30-somethings they are."

"Technically, I'm already a 30-something," Andrew supplied as he looked at Bette. He grasped Bette's hand as she cupped her belly.

"Thank you for doing exactly what I hadn't wanted to do today, Mom. I wasn't going to say anything until after the twins' birthday. It's their day." With that simple statement, pandemonium broke out amongst the family. Colleen and Ken were ecstatic. The twins started hopping up and down. Lillian sat down and tried to collect herself. Norman excused himself for a quieter room, and Heather and Debra disappeared. While Ken sat down to entertain those still at the table, Colleen and Bette went to find the two disappearing acts.

Colleen didn't have to travel very far, Debra hadn't even made it to the family room yet. "Hey. I'm really glad you came today. I miss you." Colleen had spoken to her sister's back, but she was glad when Debra accepted her hug.

Meanwhile, Bette found Heather in the kitchen. "Hey kiddo, you ok?" Heather threw her a sulky frown.

"No. Why did you have to get pregnant? You're not going to have any time for me now." Bette instantly understood. She knelt down and gave Heather a big hug.

"You're always going to be my girl. You and I have something special and it's not something that my kid is going to get. My kid is going to get annoyed at me the same as you do your mom, but an aunt is better than a mom." Bette winked at Heather as she lifted her up and swung her around the kitchen. "My kid is not gonna know how awesome her mom is because I'm just gonna be their mom and mom's can be soooo aggravating. I know... I have experience with them."

[dragoneyes618]

For nearly all of Jewish history people recognized that antisemitism was a reaction to the Jews and Judaism. But today, Jew-hatred is generally attributed to factors having little to do with Jews and Judaism; rather, its causes are generally held to be economic, political (the use of Jews as scapegoats), ethnic prejudice, and the psychopathology of hate - all of which dejudaize antisemitism.

Among those most committed to these dejudaizing interpretations are secular and non-Jewish Jews committed to the notion that the Jews are a people like all other peoples. Accordingly, they want to believe that antisemitism is but another form of bigotry, and that in the secular world it will die out. These individuals believe that there are no rational reasons for Jew-hatred and/or that antisemitism is a kind of societal sickness. Another reason why many modern Jews believe in these explanations for Jew-hatred, rather than in the one held by Jews for thousands of years, is simply that these explanations are more or less the only ones offered. Modern scholars tend to promote secular and universalist explanations for nearly all human problems, including, of course, antisemitism. In contrast, the traditional Jewish understanding of antisemitism has been the opposite - religious and particularist.

Among modern scholars there are a large number of Jews whose universalist worldviews make them particularly averse to the Jewish explanation of antisemitism. Indeed, they oppose any thesis, about anything, not only antisemitism, which depicts the Jews as distinctive, let alone unique. Accordingly, they have expended great efforts to prove that the Jews are not different from anyone else.

The dejudaization of antisemitism reached its nadir in the 1955 theatrical adaptation of the most famous document of the Holocaust, The Diary of Anne Frank. As an adolescent in Amsterdam, Anne Frank and her family spent more than two years hiding before being captured by the Nazis. During this time Anne Frank kept a diary that was found and published after the war.

Though raised in a secular and assimilated home, Anne came to feel during her years in hiding that there were specific Jewish reasons for the suffering she and other Jews were undergoing. On April 11, 1944, she wrote: "Who has inflicted this upon us? Who has made us Jews different from all other people? Who has allowed us to suffer so terribly up till now? It is God who has made us as we are, but it will be God, too, who will raise us up again. If we bear all this suffering and if there are still Jews left, when it is over, then Jews, instead of being doomed, will be held up as an example. Who knows, it might even be our religion from which the world and all peoples learn good, and for that reason and that reason only do we now suffer. We can never become just Netherlanders, or just English, or representatives of any country for that matter. We will always remain Jews, but we want to, too."

But Anne Frank's beliefs that Judaism was at the root of Jew-hatred and that the Jews were different were eliminated in the Broadway version of The Diary of Anne Frank. The authors, Alfred and Frances Hackett, with the advice of the Jewish playwright and political radical Lillian Hellman, simply deleted the above passage, which had been central to Anne's thinking, as well as to writer Meyer Levin's original version of the play. Instead, the Hacketts' put into her mouth words she had never said but that reflected their own universalist views: "We are not the only people that have had to suffer....sometimes one race, sometimes another."

The Hacketts thus presented their dejudaized interpretation of antisemitism in place of the Jewish interpretation offered by Anne Frank, that the Jews are hated precisely because of the Jews' unique role in the world.

- Why the Jews? The Reason for Antisemitism, Dennis Prager and Joseph Telushkin, pages 56-58