#Immune inflammatory

[dennisboobs]

It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia

↳ Chardee MacDennis: The Game of Games // The Gang Goes Bowling

[cljordan-imperium]

CJ is sick...my immune system has declared war...shots have been fired...steroids are being deployed... wie ein Modder- Igel fühlen

Ich fühl mich wie gematschte Bananen

Ich fühl mich scheiße

And gifts for my German besties for accurate descriptions of how I feel @saltysupercomputer @dreaminggoblin @writingmaidenwarrior

And I'm not contagious, so they're safe

[yesterdayiwrote]

For someone who's so thoughtful when he speaks, Lewis really does still give some absolutely terrible quotes when he's talking to journalists...

[coffee-n-bagels-comic-universe]

God, what a journey. I have CIDP.

On the 8th of May I was told that my official diagnosis is 'CIDP' (Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy) I have gone from the introverted but all-out goth willing to wear that blue dress into a hospital (first pic) to (with a fresh haircut) the dying to be out of the house, sill goth, geek (last pic)

I say this not to beg for sympathy but to say I'm officially disabled and finally at a comfortable point to say that, I am weird, I am Autistic, and I'm practically wheelchair-bound.

I am a rare case, most CIDP cases aren't in their early 20s with no prior illnesses before this happens to them, but I am lucky enough to live in the UK and have free healthcare, I can complain about wait times in A&E, or the slow way hospitals communicate, but I'm writing this to say that you should look out for yourself, cause you never know what will happen.

[tomasorban]

Can inflammation cause depression?

There’s evidence to suggest that inflammation can contribute to the development of depression in many people, particularly among individuals with preexisting inflammatory conditions or chronic illnesses.

For instance, research suggests that the link between inflammation and depression is commonly seen in conditions like autoimmune diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis) and infections (e.g., sepsis) where the immune system plays a significant role.

How does inflammation affect your mental health?

When your immune system is activated, it affects not only the body but also the central nervous system, which includes the brain. Chronic inflammation is linked to changes in the brain’s chemistry and structure, which can increase the risk of depression.

Inflammation can impact mental health in several ways:

Neurotransmitter imbalance: ResearchTrusted Source suggests that inflammation may disrupt brain chemicals (neurotransmitters) like serotonin and dopamine, leading to mood imbalances.

Hormonal disruption: Inflammation can affect stress and sex hormone levels (e.g., cortisol, estrogen), impacting mood and cognition.

Neuroinflammation: EvidenceTrusted Source suggests that inflammation within the brain itself can cause cognitive and mood problems.

Reduced neuroplasticity: Chronic inflammation may hinder the brain’s ability to adapt and learn.

Oxidative stress: Inflammation may increase oxidative stress, damaging brain cells.

In many adults, depression and inflammation appear to be separate issues. One studyTrusted Source found that clinical depression in older individuals isn’t typically linked to increased inflammation unless they have preexisting inflammatory conditions like arthritis.

How do you know if your depression is caused by inflammation?

Determining if your depression is caused by inflammation typically involves specialized medical tests and assessments. This may involve blood tests to measure inflammatory markers or discussions with your doctor about your medical history and symptoms.

However, here are some signs that suggest inflammation may be contributing to your depression:

You have other inflammatory conditions (e.g., autoimmune disorders, chronic infections, or inflammatory bowel disease).

Your depression had a sudden onset (especially in response to an infection or injury).

Your depression doesn’t respond to antidepressants.

You have physical symptoms (e.g., fatigue, joint pain, or fever)

You have high stress levels (chronic stress can trigger inflammation).

You have a family history of both depression and inflammatory conditions.

You have elevated markers of inflammation, like CRP or cytokines, in specialized blood tests.

Treatment options for inflammation-related depression

Treatment options for inflammation-related depression typically aim to target both the underlying inflammation and the depressive symptoms. Here are some common approaches:

Anti-inflammatory medications: Some evidenceTrusted Source suggests that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or anti-inflammatory agents like corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation.

Healthy diet: A comprehensive reviewTrusted Source of 41 studies revealed that maintaining a consistently healthy diet, especially one in line with the traditional Mediterranean diet, or simply avoiding diets that promote inflammation, may protect against depression.

Psychotherapy: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based therapies may help manage depression symptoms.

Medications: Some evidenceTrusted Source suggests that certain antidepressants, like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), can reduce inflammation in the brain, which may contribute to their effectiveness.

Light therapy: A 2017 study found that combining bright light therapy with antidepressants for nonseasonal depression could be effective. Participants also showed significant changes in immune-related lymphocyte counts.

Omega-3 fatty acids: Omega-3 supplements, found in fish oil, have anti-inflammatory properties and may help with depression symptoms.

Mind-body practices: Practices like yoga and meditation can help manage stress and potentially reduce inflammation.

Probiotics: Some research suggests that probiotics may have a positive impact on gut health and inflammation, which could indirectly affect mood.

Anti-inflammatory foods:

Here are some of the most anti-inflammatory foods on the planet, backed by research:

Fatty Fish: Fatty fish like salmon, tuna, mackerel, and sardines are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have potent anti-inflammatory effects.

Turmeric: Curcumin, a compound found in turmeric, has been shown to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in the body.

Ginger: Ginger has anti-inflammatory compounds like gingerol and shogaol, which have been shown to reduce inflammation and pain.

Berries: Berries such as blueberries, raspberries, strawberries, and pomegranates are rich in antioxidants and polyphenols, which have anti-inflammatory effects.

Green Tea: Green tea contains epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which has been shown to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms of arthritis.

Dark Chocolate: Dark chocolate contains flavonoids, which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Olive Oil: Olive oil is rich in oleocanthal, a compound that has been shown to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress.

Cruciferous Vegetables: Vegetables like broccoli, cauliflower, and kale contain sulforaphane, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Fatty Nuts and Seeds: Nuts and seeds like walnuts, chia seeds, and flaxseeds are rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants.

Leafy Greens: Leafy greens like spinach, kale, and collard greens are rich in antioxidants and polyphenols, which have anti-inflammatory effects.

Garlic: Garlic contains compounds like allicin, which have been shown to reduce inflammation and improve cardiovascular health.

Apples: Apples contain quercetin, a flavonoid that has anti-inflammatory properties.

Pineapple: Pineapple contains an enzyme called bromelain, which has anti-inflammatory properties.

Sweet Potatoes: Sweet potatoes are rich in beta-carotene, an antioxidant that has anti-inflammatory effects.

Mushrooms: Certain mushrooms like reishi, chaga, and cordyceps have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties.

+ anti-inflammatory oils >here<

+ If you are into extracts or diet supplements, you can find products similar to >this<.

[er-cryptid]

Steps of the Inflammatory Response

Damaged tissues release histamine

Histamine increases blood flow

Histamine causes capillaries to leak

More phagocytes and clotting factors are released

Phagocytes engulf bacteria, dead cells, and cellular debris

Platelets seal the wound

.

Patreon

[bpod-bpod]

Protective Partnership

If a house on your street was attacked, would you join forces with your neighbours to repair the damage and fend off the intruders? That, it seems, is what two cell types in your gut do. The intestine lining faces a constant barrage of physical forces and biological material, so regular maintenance and repairs are essential. Researchers investigating this regulation, and how inflammatory bowel diseases such as colitis arise when it goes wrong, looked at the role of interleukin-11, a product of the immune system. Without it, colitis in mice worsened and more cells of the gut lining died. Interleukin-11 (green, present in damaged areas of tissue) is produced by connective cells called fibroblasts, but the researchers found that other immune cells also regulate its levels by releasing highly reactive molecules. Interleukin-11 protects the lining during inflammation, and the collaboration that produces it must be considered in any potential treatments.

Written by Anthony Lewis

Image from work by Takashi Nishina and colleagues

Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Ota-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Image originally published with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Published in iScience, January 2023

You can also follow BPoD on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook

[healthtruth101]

The Best PREDNISONE Alternative

[bloomburnburial]

lately i've been much less forgiving of posts designed to manufacture outrage, i mean posts disguised as "informational" but which skew and misrepresent the information they contain for the purpose of making you angry, and which prompt you to take no action beyond Being Angry. this is more of a reminder to self to remember to do at least basic fact-checking before allowing them to misdirect my anger toward a problem that doesn't exist instead of using my energy to examine the actual problems at stake. the problems that are occurring are bad enough

[aaiplanet09]

Boost Your Health with Aai Planet Organic Papaya Powder – Buy Best Organic Products in India

Aai Planet Organic Papaya Powder is a nutrient-rich supplement derived from dried papaya fruit, offering a range of health benefits. Packed with essential vitamins A, C, and E, along with folate and magnesium, it supports overall health, digestive function, and skin vitality. The enzymes in papaya, like papain, aid digestion and may help alleviate bloating and constipation. This powder also contains antioxidants that support the immune system and may have anti-inflammatory properties. With its potential to boost immunity, promote healthy skin, and assist in weight management, buy best organic products in India with Aai Planet Organic Papaya Powder today!

[rajanjolly]

Turmeric Tea Recipe | Immunity Booster | Anti Inflammatory Tea | Winter ...

[blueoaknx]

Mitochondria Combat Chronic Inflammation

Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a pathophysiological condition linked to numerous diseases, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses, are pivotal not only for ATP production but also for regulating cellular metabolism, redox balance, and apoptosis. Recent studies reveal that mitochondria play a crucial role in modulating inflammatory responses, and their dysfunction is often implicated in chronic inflammatory states. This article explores the intricate mechanisms by which mitochondria influence chronic inflammation and their potential as therapeutic targets.

Mitochondrial Structure and Function

Mitochondria possess a double-membrane structure that includes:

Outer Membrane: Contains porins that allow the passage of small molecules.

Inner Membrane: Rich in cardiolipin and contains the electron transport chain (ETC) complexes crucial for oxidative phosphorylation.

Matrix: Contains enzymes for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and ribosomes.

These structural features enable mitochondria to perform several essential functions, including ATP synthesis, calcium buffering, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Chronic Inflammation

Mitochondrial dysfunction is characterized by reduced ATP production, increased ROS generation, and impaired metabolic signaling. Key contributors to mitochondrial dysfunction include:

Oxidative Stress: Excessive ROS can damage mitochondrial components, leading to a vicious cycle of increased inflammation.

Aging: Aging is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing to the onset of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Environmental Toxins: Exposure to pollutants and toxins can induce mitochondrial damage.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, including:

NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation: Mitochondrial ROS and mtDNA release can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18.

NF-κB Pathway: Mitochondrial stress can activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, promoting the expression of pro-inflammatory genes.

Mechanisms by Which Mitochondria Combat Chronic Inflammation

Energy Homeostasis and Immune Cell Function

Mitochondria are essential for the bioenergetic demands of immune cells, particularly during inflammatory responses. Immune cells like macrophages and T-cells switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis during activation, a process known as the Warburg effect. Mitochondria facilitate this metabolic flexibility by:

Providing substrates for glycolysis and subsequent oxidative phosphorylation.

Regulating ATP levels to support energy-intensive processes, such as cytokine production and phagocytosis.

Regulation of ROS and Redox Signaling

Mitochondria generate ROS as byproducts of the ETC. While excessive ROS can induce oxidative stress, physiological levels of ROS act as signaling molecules that modulate immune responses:

ROS can activate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as Nrf2, promoting the expression of antioxidant genes that mitigate oxidative stress.

Controlled ROS production aids in the differentiation of T-helper cells and enhances the immune response.

Apoptosis and Clearance of Damaged Cells

Mitochondria are central to the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, releasing cytochrome c and other pro-apoptotic factors that initiate caspase cascades. Effective apoptosis is crucial for:

Removing damaged or dysfunctional cells that could perpetuate inflammation.

Promoting an anti-inflammatory environment through the clearance of dead cells and debris, thereby preventing secondary necrosis and the associated inflammatory response.

Mitophagy: Mitochondrial Quality Control

Mitophagy is the selective autophagic degradation of damaged mitochondria, crucial for maintaining mitochondrial quality. Key mechanisms involved in mitophagy include:

PINK1/Parkin Pathway: PINK1 accumulates on damaged mitochondria, recruiting Parkin, which ubiquitinates mitochondrial proteins, signaling for degradation by the autophagy machinery.

Enhanced mitophagy reduces the release of pro-inflammatory factors and maintains cellular homeostasis.

Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Adaptation

Mitochondrial biogenesis is regulated by PGC-1α and other transcription factors. Increasing mitochondrial biogenesis can enhance cellular energy capacity and improve metabolic flexibility, which is particularly beneficial in inflammation. Strategies to promote mitochondrial biogenesis include:

Exercise: Physical activity enhances PGC-1α expression and mitochondrial function.

Nutritional Interventions: Certain bioactive compounds, like resveratrol and curcumin, have been shown to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis.

Therapeutic Implications

Given their critical role in modulating inflammation, mitochondria represent promising therapeutic targets. Potential strategies include:

Nutraceuticals: Compounds like Coenzyme Q10 and α-lipoic acid may enhance mitochondrial function and reduce oxidative stress.

Exercise Interventions: Regular physical activity can improve mitochondrial health and reduce chronic inflammation.

Mitochondrial-targeted Therapies: Developing drugs that specifically target mitochondrial pathways could provide new treatment avenues for inflammatory diseases.

Conclusion

Mitochondria are integral to the regulation of chronic inflammation through their roles in energy metabolism, ROS management, apoptosis, mitophagy, and biogenesis. Understanding the complex interplay between mitochondrial function and inflammatory processes is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies. By targeting mitochondrial health, we can potentially mitigate chronic inflammation and its associated diseases, paving the way for innovative approaches to improve public health outcomes. Continued research into mitochondrial biology will undoubtedly reveal further insights into their role in inflammation and disease.

[dynamichealthinsights]

Oregano: Nature's Immune-Boosting Elixir

When you think of oregano, you might picture it sprinkled atop a pizza or simmering in a marinara sauce. But this aromatic herb is more than a culinary staple – it’s a potent ally for your immune system, packed with compounds that can help you ward off illness and stay healthy. Let’s explore the science behind oregano’s immune-boosting properties and discover how you can easily harness its…