#27th September 2018 Written Update

[day6source]

                                   WELCOME TO DAY6SOURCE ! 

This is a daily updates blog for the Korean pop rock band DAY6! I try to stay as current as possible, and post from all official resources, including their YouTube, Twitter, and Instagram, including ones used by the members themselves! I do not post from fansites or anything of the sort, nor will I be reblogging gifs or any fan creations. This is strictly for news and updates!

DAY6 are a four member self-written K-pop rock band from Seoul, South Korea under JYP Entertainment under the sub-label STUDIO J! They debuted September 7th, 2015 with their debut song ‘Congratulations’. Currently the group has 3 full studio albums, 9 mini albums, 1 full and 2 Compilation Japanese albums. Young K & has 1 mini album and 1 full album and Wonpil has 1 mini album each respectively released. They currently have 1 subunit, DAY6 (Even of Day), which currently has 2 mini albums. The members currently include:

Sungjin (Park Sungjin): leader, rhythm guitarist, main vocalist

Born January 16th, 1993, Sungjin is the leader, guitarist, main vocalist, and oldest member of the band. Sungjin is partaking currently in uploading to his YouTube channel! Videos go up every other Monday at 6:00 PM KST. He is currently working on his first album.

Young K (Kang Younghyun, Brian Kang): bassist, main vocalist, main rapper

Born December 19th, 1993, Young K is the bassist, main vocalist and (now not as often) main rapper. He’s most responsible for most of the bands songs, and has written on nearly every single one, as well as having a large hand in composing them. He formerly hosted Idol Radio with Youngjae of GOT7 and DAY6 Kiss The Radio, in which he returned to after his enlistment, finishing his second tenure on June 30, 2024. He currently has a mini album called Eternal that was released September 6th, 2021 and a full album called Letters with notes that was released September 4th, 2023. He’s part of the subunit DAY6 (Even of Day) with Wonpil and Dowoon.

Wonpil (Kim Wonpil): keyboardist, main vocalist, visual

Born April 28th, 1994, Wonpil is keyboardist, main vocalist, and visual. Wonpil is also an actor, making his debut in March of 2021 starring in the musical Midnight Sun, and starred in the web drama Big Mistake 3 which aired from December 27th, 2021 to Feb 17th, 2022. He currently has an album called Pilmography that was released January 24th, 2022. He’s part of the subunit DAY6 (Even of Day) with Young K and Dowoon.

Dowoon (Yoon Dowoon): drummer, vocalist, maknae

Born August 25th, 1995, Dowoon is the drummer, vocalist, and maknae of the band. He currently has 1 single called ‘Out of the Blue’ with Song Heejin released September 27th, 2021. He’s leader of the subunit DAY6 (Even of Day) with Young K and Wonpil.

Former Members:

Jae (Park Jaehyung, Jae Park, eaj): lead guitarist, main vocalist, face of the group

Born September 15th, 1992, Jae is the former lead guitarist, main vocalist, and face of the group. He formerly hosted After School Club with former labelmate Park Jimin (now known as Jaime), and Kevin Woo formerly of U-KISS from June 28th, 2016 to July 17th, 2018. He later hosted a podcast as part of DIVE STUDIOS called How Did I Get Here? from February of 2020 to June 2021. On September 21st, 2020, he and former labelmate Nichkhun of 2PM, played members of crime-fighting boyband 4 2 Sing in season three of Big Hero 6: The Series. It was announced he left the group on December 31st, 2021 due to personal reasons. He’d formerly been on hiatus since May 10th, 2020 due to the mental health concerns of some of the members. Jae currently has three mini albums, laughing in insomnia released February 3rd, 2023, smiling in insomnia released April 21st, 2023, and medicated insomnia on June 30th, 2023. He also streams on his Twitch Channel. He's currently on tour.

Junhyeok (Lim Junhyeok): keyboardist, vocalist

Born July 17th, 1993, Junhyeok is a former keyboardist and vocalist of the band. He left the band in February of 2016 due to personal reasons. He currently has 5 singles on streaming, the latest being 'Blip', released June 10th, 2023. In 2017 he was on the KBS2 survival show The Unit: Idol Rebooting Project, but was eliminated in the second to last episode, and was on most recently on the MNET survival show Build Up: Vocal Boy Group Survival, but was eliminated in the 4th round.

Former Member:

Twitter 🍀 Instagram 🍀 Official YouTube  🍀 JYP YouTube 🍀 Official Site 🍀 Official Merch                                           Spotify 🍀 Apple Music 🍀 YouTube Music  (Even of Day):

Spotify 🍀 Apple Music 

Sungjin: 

Twitter Main 🍀 Twitter Food Updates 🍀 YouTube 🍀 Instagram

Young K:

Instagram 🍀 Spotify 🍀 Apple Music 🍀 YouTube Music

Wonpil:

Instagram 🍀 Spotify 🍀 Apple Music 🍀 YouTube Music

Dowoon:

Twitter 🍀 Instagram 🍀 YouTube 🍀  Spotify 🍀 Apple Music 🍀 YouTube Music

Former Members:

Jae:

Twitter 🍀 Instagram 🍀 YouTube 🍀 Twitch 🍀 Spotify 🍀 Apple Music 🍀 YouTube Music

Junhyeok:

Twitter 🍀 Instagram 🍀 YouTube 🍀  Spotify 🍀 Apple Music 🍀 YouTube Music

day6source is currently only run by me, Tay, or Taylor, whichever you prefer! I’m 27 and live in CST in the United States, so any updates might come at times after they’ve been posted due to the time difference. My bias is Young K, and am constantly telling people to listen to ‘Come as You Are’. You can find me at my personal blog, briankang! 🌸

[cssns]

We’re here!!! *SOBBING UNCONTROLLABLY* It’s time for the CSSNS20 Roundup!!!!

It has been quite a ride y’all... 

I just want to take a moment here at the beginning of the post to thank everyone who has ever been a part of this event from 2018 to now. Y’all are the ones who made this event what it is and I cannot be more grateful to have had the privilege of manning the helm for the past three years. Thank you all from the bottom of my heart!!! There’s been too many participants over the years to name everyone, but I have to give a shoutout to my personal support team and the mods from all three years. Each one of them has contributed in innumerable ways and this event never would have happened without each of them and their contribution. @hollyethecurious​ @winterbaby89​ @katie-dub​, @thisonesatellite​ and @profdanglaisstuff​. Thank you so much ladies!!! I never could have done this without you all!!!

Now that the event is over, I want to let everyone know that I will be inviting other supernatural fic to the collection over on ao3. When I first started reading fan fiction, I stumbled across the Black Swan and Red Hooks Collection, a collection for smutty fics, that continues to grow today. I want to do the same thing with the Supernatural Summer Collection. As more supernatural fics are written, I will invite them to the collection.

We are now at the close, and it’s time to round up all the wonderful fics and art that we’ve been blessed with in this year’s event. At the end of the post, I’ll highlight all the fic from previous years that have also updated this summer.  Active MC’s will continue updating until they are finished. And without further ado, HERE WE GOOOOOOO!!!!

Under the cut, unless Tumblr ate it.

On June 1st, @itsfabianadocarmo dropped a vampire aesthetic inspired by the Countess from American Horror Story: Hotel. SOOO incredible! It gave me chills! You can find it here.

On June 3rd, I ( @kmomof4​ ) dropped Of Darkness, Vampires, and Soulmates. I figured that since this was our last year, I should write for it for once. Breathtaking art by @spartanguard. Banner Prologue Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4 Ch5 Ch6 Ch7 Ch8

On June 6th, @demisexualemmaswan dropped By the Moon’s Rise, featuring CS as werewolves. Oh my WORD! The pack politics going on…It is off to a fantastic start and I can’t wait for more!                                                   Gorgeous art by @courtorderedcake. Killian Emma David

On June 9th, @snowbellewells dropped A Cottage By the Sea. An Enchanted Forest Lieutenant Duckling AU. The last chapter left me CHEERING and I can’t wait to see where she takes this!                                                                  Lovely art by @searchingwardrobes. 

On June 11th, @katie-dub dropped Awakening, her fic inspired by the TV show Being Human. I am not familiar with the show, but this fic, oh my WORD!!! I had no words, and so I reblogged with gifs. Can’t wait for more!!!

On June 14th, @lassluna dropped her fic, Swan’s Hourglass, a Legend of Zelda AU. I absolutely LOVE her use of the side characters and Emma is absolutely bad ass!!! Can’t wait for more!!                                                                  Beautiful Artwork by @eastwesthomeisbest.

On June 17th, @hollyethecurious​ dropped her Vampire Diary’s inspired The Craving In Between. Fun, intriguing, and SPICY!!!                                          Perfect Artwork by @allons-y-to-hogwarts-713​.

On June 20, @allons-y-to-hogwarts-713​ dropped her original Angel!Emma/Demon!Killian aesthetic. Absolutely PERFECT!!!

On June 23, @allons-y-to-hogwarts-713​ dropped another aesthetic that I was inspired to write a fic for! The Moon… Tells the Sea is the tale of were-mermaid Emma and her mate. aesthetic on Tumblr

On June 25, @eastwesthomeisbest​ dropped original Vampire!Killian artwork His Sweet Kiss. BREATHTAKING and sooooo chilling!!!

On June 27th, @kymbersmith-90​ dropped her Soliciting for Dracula: Outtake. So GREAT to be taken back to that universe first presented during CS Halloweek last year! Original fic on Ao3 Tumblr link with art

On June 29th, @imlaxdris71​ dropped her Shadowhunters AU, The Price of Blood. I am not at all familiar with Shadowhunters, but this fic is so AWESOME already and I can’t wait for more!!!                                                                          I was thrilled to provide artwork for this incredible fic!

On July 2, @ohmightydevviepuu​ and @thisonesatellite​ posted The Sword and the Heart, their retelling of all of s5. Let me tell you, THIS is what we should have gotten on the show!!! I can’t WAIT for the next chapter!!!                         Awe-inspiring artwork by @thisonesatellite​ and @profdanglaisstuff​.

On July 5, @snowbellewells​ posted For Once, Don’t Let Go, her CS ghost story. Spooky and soooo SWEET all at once!!!                                                            Chill-inducing, perfect artwork by @hollyethecurious​.

On July 7, @stahlop​ posted Making a Memory, her fic inspired by The Parent Trap. This fic is absolutely AWESOME, y’all!!! Lisa has sucked me in to this blending of one of my all time favorite live action Disney movies and Once canon and I CANNOT WAIT for more of it!!!                                                     Lovely and perfect artwork by @gingerchangeling​.

On July 9, @allons-y-to-hogwarts-713​ posted her original vampire aesthetic. Mm mm mm mm mmmmmmm!!!

On July 13, @shardminds​ posted her Witcher AU, Silver for Monsters. I have been BESIDE myself waiting for this fic, even though I’m not familiar with the show and the first chapter did not disappoint!!! Can’t wait for more!!!          Swoon-worthy artwork by @artistic-writer​.

On July 15, @eastwesthomeisbest​ posted original Fairy artwork, Within You, inspired by Carnival Row. Absolutely BREATHTAKING!!! Then on July 26, she posted Fear Me Or Love Me… It’s All the Same, and reduced me to a screaming flailing mess!

On July 18, @lovelivingmydreams​ posted Labors of Love, her Greek gods AU. This fic is fantastic and I am LOVING every bit of it!! I’ve been told to strap myself in, so I have and am eagerly waiting for the next chapter!!!            Beautiful artwork by @mariakov81​ Banner Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4 Ch5 

On July 21, @jarienn972​ posted La Sirena, her Siren Emma fic. A BEAUTIFUL mystery and I can’t wait to see where she goes with this!!!                      Gorgeous artwork by @courtorderedcake​.

On July 23, @shireness-says​ posted A Fate Woven in Thread and Ink, her fic inspired by The Night Circus. This fic is pure magic. Absolutely STUNNING in its beauty and I am BESIDE myself waiting for the next chapter!!!               Incredible artwork by @eirabach​. 

On July 29, @winterbythesea​ posted The Truth In a Masquerade featuring dueling CS at a vampire masquerade! WELL WORTH all the teasing we endured on the discord!

On Aug. 1, @profdanglaisstuff​ posted The Eternal and Unseen, an epic tale of fae, werewolf, and vampire coming together to defeat a common enemy. This fic is absolutely INCREDIBLE and I can’t wait for the next chapter!!!        Beautiful artwork 1 2 3 by @carpedzem​.

@xhookswenchx​ posted her werewolf MC, Waning Moon, on Aug. 2. I am soooo in LOVE with this beautiful fic and can’t wait for more of it!!!            Beautiful and precious artwork Banner 1 2 3 4 5 by @mariakov81​.

@whimsicallyenchantedrose​ posted her MC, More Than All the Jewels in the Realm on Aug. 4. Kinda a ghost/soulmate MC. You’ll see what I mean… Absolutely FANTASTIC already!!!                                                               Beautifully haunting artwork by @searchingwardrobes​.

@thejollyroger-writer​​ posted the first chapter of THE WASTELAND on Aug. 6, where the hero group goes on a magical journey to save Killian. This world she has built is INCREDIBLE and I am loving this fic soooo much!!!                    Incredible artwork 1 2 3 4 5 by @spartanguard​.

On Aug. 8, @imlaxdris71​ posted her werewolf MC, The Beast of Aurum. My heart hurts so much for Killian ALREADY!!!! I can’t wait for more!!!               Artwork by me, @kmomof4​.

On Aug. 10, @eastwesthomeisbest​ dropped original Demon Killian artwork, I’m Your Darkest Dream. Gave me CHILLS!!!

Aug. 13, @ohmightydevviepuu​ posted  From the Edge of the Deep Green Sea as part of her writersmonth2020 project. A 3a divergence that is absolutely HEART WRENCHING and BEAUTIFUL!!!                                                     Beautiful artwork by @mariakov81​ 

On Aug. 14, @spartanguard​ posted her fix it fic for West Side Story, Even Death Won’t Part Us Now, featuring CS as vampires. I am absolutely BESIDE MYSELF over this fic, y'all!!! I love it sooooo MUCH!!! Breathtaking and perfect artwork 1 2 3 by @thesschesthair​.

Aug. 18, @hollyethecurious​ posted her Sleepy Hollow AU, Some Legends are Best Kept as Legends. This fic is MAGNIFICENT and I can’t wait for more!!! Artwork by herself.

Aug. 20, @darkcolinodonorgasm​ posted her Siren Emma MC, A Song of Sin and Desire. This is gonna be an INCREDIBLE fic, y'all!!! I love it already!!! Gorgeous artwork by @artistic-writer​.

On Aug. 22, @allons-y-to-hogwarts-713 posted fantastic original artwork for a fic by @teamhook​ that she posted in September, The Wolf and the Savior. The setup of this fic has me on the edge of my seat and I can’t WAIT to see what’s next!!! 

Aug. 24, @courtorderedcake​ posted her demon MC, Majestically To Far Beyond. This fic really is fun and I am LOVING it, y’all!!! Can't wait for more!!!                             Artwork by me, @kmomof4​.

Aug. 26, @cocohook38​ posted her Dark Swan/Werewolf Killian MC, I’ll Be Waiting For You By the Blood Moon. This is a FANTASTIC take on the Dark Swan and I can’t wait for more of it!!!                                                              Breathtaking artwork by @eastwesthomeisbest​.

And finally, rounding out our event on Aug. 30, @seriouslyhooked​ posted Lost Souls and Reveries: The Sequel, a continuation of her CSSNS18 fic, Lost Souls and Reveries. This first chapter was soooo precious and lovely and I can’t wait to see where she goes with this!!! Exquisite artwork by @clockadile​.

Over the course of the summer, we had several fics from previous years update, in some cases, several times! 

Until the Stars Are All Alight by @whimsicallyenchantedrose​ updated several times. Beautiful artwork by @clockadile​. This is her LOTR/CS crossover and I love it sooooo much!!!!

@kymbersmith-90​ updated both of her fics from CSSNS18, Slayer and Divine Intervention. Perfect artwork complements of @hollyethecurious​ (x) (x). Both of these fics are sooooo GREAT, even to someone who hasn’t watched either show that they were inspired by!!!

@courtorderedcake​ updated Hallow, her epic fic of Fae princess Emma and Dark One Killian. We have now journeyed to Sultana Jasmine’s court and we are closing in on the end of their journey!!! Latest Tumblr chapter link with art

@darkcolinodonorgasm​ updated One Day, her LadyHawke inspired AU that she kills me with every single chapter!!! We are now on ch5 of 7.  Tumblr ch link Beautiful Artwork by @sherlockianwhovian​

@eirabach​ rewrote her CSSNS18 submission Glow for the CS Rewritathon this spring and summer. It can be found in its entirety in the CSSNS20 collection on ao3 here. I loved it when she originally wrote it, and I loved it even more this time!!!

Well, that’s it, y’all!!!! Who would have thought when I came up with this idea almost three years ago now that we would have such participation and enthusiasm across this fabulous fandom? We have been blessed with EPIC, INCREDIBLE, GORGEOUS, BREATHTAKING, FUN, LOVELY, MAGNIFICENT fics and art these last three years!!! As I said at the top of this post, the collection on ao3 will continue to be active as well as this blog as more supernatural fics are written and shared. Thank you all from the bottom of my heart for coming along on this ride with me. Y’all have all made it soooo worthwhile!!! All the love, everyone!!!

[fckaugust]

actually ✍ ( ignore the other one, i'm indecisive )

✍: for what my muse has written about yours in their diary.

disclaimer: this is all hypothetical, of course ! also, all spelling errors he inevitably would’ve made have been corrected with the exception of jake gyllenhaal’s name.

november 17th, 2010:

today that nice guy mx took me to meet a couple people he’s friends with. they were all pretty cool i guess, but it was kinda weird because apparently a lot of them knew i ‘replaced’ this guy named eddie. maybe i’ll try to meet him. anyway, one of them was named syrelle (i think) and i think she was my favorite. she was really nice and honestly very pretty too!

november 18th, 2010:

update: it’s spelled cyrelle. with a c.

november 22nd, 2010:

cyrelle learned i was born (and partially bred, you know my story! you’re me!) in west virginia and had me watch this movie called ‘october sky.’ she was talking the whole time so i don’t really know what it was about, but that’s okay. i think i liked that better than just the general concept of watching a movie in the first place. she’s really smart. like... really smart. i also didn’t really know what she was talking about because she’s so smart, but i still liked it a whole lot. she gave me a copy of the dvd. i looked it up to see if it seemed like i should watch it without cyrelle. apparently it’s a combo of our worlds, if you will: west virginia and space. and jake gylenhal jake gyllinhall jake gillenhall jake gyllenhall (sp?).

january 4th, 2011:

so apparently cyrelle’s mom’s some kind of famous actress? i don’t know. there seems to be a lot of weird judgment going on about her family which... i don’t get? everyone has weird family things going on. unless she’s part of the manson family (and i don’t think they were actually related or really a family... right? also wasn’t that in the 60s? rip sharon tate), WHO CARES ABOUT LOCAL DRAMA?!?!?!

july 18th, 2013:

so ‘the conjuring’ is coming out tomorrow. i think i might try to actually ask cyrelle to hang out - like, go to the movies with me, that kind of hang out. the one you see in movies. 

july 21st, 2013:

ignore july 18th, re cyrelle. i didn’t send the text and i don’t think i will. i’m gonna be that guy who says he’s in the ‘friendzone,’ ew. i hope someone punches me if i ever say that or call myself a ‘nice guy’. or wear a fedora. so anyway, [ stuff about other people ].

september 20th, 2014:

i was so worried cyrelle and [insert various other names] were in there. i hate that i was thinking about all of them and i still couldn’t just... go in. i was so close. and now nina’s dead because i’m a damn coward. and george is dead because i didn’t do a damn thing even though i was so fucking close to it. all it took were five goddamn steps. and i just kept thinking... you selfish idiot. if you go in, you’re a selfish idiot because you just wanna be a big damn hero. if you stay here, you’re a selfish idiot because you’ll let your friends burn to a crisp. i’m really glad cyrelle and [the other names] weren’t there. rachel was though, and now she might be blind. we’re not close enough for me to know all the details yet, but i know it’s not... good. and jesse’s face is all disfigured which is unfair because he actually saved people. at least i finally have proof that karma doesn’t exist. 

november 28th, 2014:

i wonder how everyone else is doing... i wonder if they even wanna talk about it. i wonder if cyrelle is okay.

july 16th, 2018:

jesse keeps calling me. i don’t know why he hasn’t stopped yet. i know why. so i don’t know why he keeps calling - how he hasn’t gotten the message yet. but i’d be lying if i said i didn’t wonder every now and again how cyrelle’s doing. it’s been hard to keep in touch with most of my old friends, we’re all unreachable for one reason or another. i think the only person still even kind of keeping us together is mx...

october 15th, 2018:

he’s dead. i saw it coming and i didn’t do shit about it. a goddamn idiot. who else am i gonna lose now? and i don’t just mean to substances or a lack of communication. i’ve lost a lot of people that way. but to death. to literal death, probably caused by substances. i’m so fucking scared cyrelle’s gonna be next, but we haven’t talked in so long i shouldn’t just go fucking meddling. there’s no point in pulling a jesse. dean didn’t fucking listen to me about mx, so who the hell’s to say cyrelle would listen to me about herself? and why should she even care? what are we to each other anymore, just acquaintances? it’s so fucking funny how people can leave your life as quickly as they came into it. maybe i’ll be next. it’d be a lot easier that way.

october 29th, 2019:

it’s cyrelle’s birthday today. i don’t think anyone’s having a good one anymore, at least not the people who aren’t coping well. i haven’t had any good ones that i can remember. but i still hope something good happened. maybe neil degrasse tyson finally admitted he was mutually feuding with her? i don’t know. we all have so little time.

march 23rd, 2020:

happy birthday to me. happy birthday to me. happy birthday mr. carpenter. happy birthday to me. i never liked birthdays, i didn’t want people to wish me happy them. but i never actually thought about what it’d be like to not hear it once i started hearing it. cyrelle, mx, nina... it’s weird. it’s odd that only one of those three is still alive. physically.

february 27th, 2021:

i haven’t tried to talk to cyrelle again. she hasn’t tried to talk to me again. i don’t know why i’m still writing about her. consider this my last entry. forever. it’s been real, my sweetest friend.

THE REMIX:

february 28th, 2014:

so many entries are gone. so i guess i’m writing about her again, but now i can write about anyone... because we’re all alive? it’s kinda tragic, isn’t it? we talked. it really was like it was 2014 again, but before all the bullshit happened. i don’t know which is more tragic: having to face up to all the dead people who don’t know they died and will probably die again, or having to face up to all the lost friends and recognize that so much time has passed but so little has too. i don’t wanna miss it this time around -- this might be the only good part of being 22 again. but i also don’t want to sacrifice our second chance. but even if i do... what will it matter in the long run? it’s just gonna repeat itself. why get my hopes up for anything different?

[vgperson]

What Did I Translate in 2018?

[televisionworldchannels]

Dil Hi To Hai 27th September 2018 Written Update Written Episode

Dil Hi To Hai 27th September 2018 Written Update Written Episode

The Episode starts with Vikrant telling Palak that her boss likes her a lot, and I call her big daddy. She is my mum and she tells that one needs to be a father to become a mother. He says there is she? He tells that mom is very impressed with you when you fought with Noons for the right. He says mom doesn’t meet many people and that’s why we didn’t call your husband. Gita comes and tells that…

[ads-is-shady-blog]

#5) [Otome Games/BTS] An Update on Aeon Dream Studios - hiatus, founder leaving, allegations of emotional abuse and non-payment by a former employee, + more

View the discussion on reddit here: https://www.reddit.com/r/HobbyDrama/comments/amiuas/otome_gamesbts_an_update_on_aeon_dream_studios/

Post (words by original poster linked):

This is an update to my previous post here which has some background and a Tl;dr at the end for those who need it. It's time for an update as a lot has happened in the past month.

Before that, though, here's something I missed in my last post: a scandal in June 2018 where ADS tweeted on their official account to call out a fanfic author on Wattpad for copying ADS's work. The tweet included an image containing the author's username, leading the fifteen-year-old author to receive harassment from TTEOTS fans who had seen the tweet. Considering TTEOTS itself did not have legal permission to be using BTS's likenesses, the call out post seems rather hypocritical. There was also an exchange in the replies where the devs passive aggressively blamed a fan who asked for help due to the app being glitchy.

So, to recap where we left off:

The studio went silent for a couple of months at the end of 2018, letting a promised release date for TTEOTS pass without comment. In mid-December the CEO emerged to link her inability to work to a BTS member sustaining a minor injury, and then pushed back Echoes to 2019 (initially promised for March 2017), giving no date for further TTEOTS content.

January has brought renewed anger and attempts to raise awareness by ex-fans and customers who have been burned by the studio.

January 14th

In two tweets on her personal account, the CEO decried the capitalisation and dehumanisation of BTS through merchandise and idolatry and condemned fans for buying products that contributed to this. This was certainly an ironic tweet to make for someone who:

dehumanised BTS by turning them into characters for her game without their consent;

promoted the game using BTS's faces, name and existing fanbase, and strongly encouraged fans to pay for crowdfunding, TTEOTS merch and, later, the monetised Premium version;

enticed fans to buy Premium by promising Premium-exclusive content such as eventual romantic content with said characters, further dehumanising the members of BTS without their consent.

Several people responded pointing out the hypocrisy of making such tweets after capitalising on the faces of BTS, but the CEO did not respond; instead one fan chimed in to defend the studio.

January 18th

The CEO posted a new blog on ADS's official website announcing a hiatus for financial reasons. It is no longer accessible for reasons I'll explain, but there is a cached version viewable here. The hiatus will last until at least March and means writing and programming will continue but almost everything else is paused and their social media presence will be reduced. Elaborating, she explained that they had "been on hiatus in some ways since September [2018]", having slowed work due to budgetary constraints.

The post also included a vague paragraph about a personal financial settlement she was owed from a person referred to as "He-Shall-Not-Be-Named" which she had planned to invest into ADS, but allegedly he had dragged out the proceedings and this, combined with the "untimely" cease and desist from BigHit Entertainment and decreased sales, led to financial difficulties. During the hiatus, which will last until March or later, the CEO wrote that she would work on novels and commissions in order to help the company.

Ex-fans linked the hiatus post in the Steam forums and in a post on /r/otomegames. Criticism was directed at numerous parts of the statement, including:

"We promised you guys a lot of things, and we’re going to deliver, come hell or high water. It might not be in the time frame I had planned, but it will be done. I am definitely known as a person of my word." (emphasis added)

A claim critics would happily dispute, and:

"Anyway, as a result I decided the best thing for us was to be honest, now that I knew more, and let the fans know exactly what was happening as soon as possible and take an “official” hiatus." (emphasis added)

This latter statement attracted particular criticism considering the studio had already been winding down development activity since September but had failed to inform fans and eventually went radio silent for roughly 2 months, leaving TTEOTS fans confused and worried about the status of the game. Further, this hiatus post was not announced anywhere on ADS's social media, leaving those who had noticed it wondering exactly how this constituted keeping fans in the loop.

January 25th

On the 25th, the CEO made several tweets, one of which began with:

"Lately, relationships have ended in my life. I'm grateful for the lessons I learned. Courage, generosity, empathy, honesty, openness are all traits required for a healthy relationship."

Perhaps coincidentally, that same day the other remaining founding member of the studio announced her departure for mental health reasons. As she is no longer an employee I will not link directly out of respect but here is a screenshot of the main tweet. This left ADS with two remaining employees - the CEO (the only remaining founder) and a writer who had formally joined the studio in February 2018 and who is allegedly now living with the CEO. This departure means there are now four former employees listed on the official ADS website. The third founder was the longest serving former employee at 2 years.

Shortly afterwards, the official ADS Twitter tweeted out a new hiatus statement on their official website, the previous one having vanished. The new post was shorter than the first - down to 426 words from the original 1,089 - and now included the departure of their founding member as a reason for the hiatus.

The tweet attracted a mix of supportive and critical replies, with former fans and backers wading in to demand answers about the two versions of the hiatus post and to back up frustrated TTEOTS fans. Unusually, the CEO appeared in the replies to respond to some of these criticisms, tweeting that:

anything perceived to be "shady" by critics was merely due to their founding member struggling with her mental health behind the scenes;

the second hiatus blog was the "same exact blog" as the original except for the addition of the founding member leaving (in fact the original was twice as long);

the only reason they didn't share the original hiatus post on Twitter was because the member responsible for sharing it had quit.

January 27th

The CEO posted two blogs on the ADS website: a post detailing her plans for restructuring and fulfilling their obligations, including hiring more freelance staff after the hiatus, and another detailing the struggles of ADS from their founding, written in response to a critic who had apparently claimed not to believe in the recently departed founding member's mental health issues. (I am unsure what comment(s) the CEO was referring to specifically as the reference is vague.)

As you've probably guessed, ex-fans picked this latter post apart too.

"I haven’t seen all the bad things out there about us. I don’t read them, because I know that some of it is made up,and would only distract me from my job. I know the truth, and I have always been honest, even if there were things I couldn’t say. I have no motive to lie, and I know these people don’t know or understand me." (emphasis added)

Critics wondered how the CEO could know if criticisms are made up if she doesn't read them.

"I thought of the possibility of course, of hanging it up, working on providing refunds to people (what, you REALLY thought we were so dishonorable as not to do that?)..." (emphasis added)

Of course, as mentioned in my last post, numerous customers had reported difficulty obtaining refunds (despite a threat from the devs that backers who were toxic would be forcibly refunded).

On their official Twitter account, they also announced plans to move away from social media and focus on communicating through the "healthy space" of their Discord channels. Ex-fans speculated this was a way to more tightly moderate speech and shut out critics. One began lurking in the official Discords, reporting on what the studio's remaining employees were saying and alleging that critics' arguments were being misrepresented by ADS devs to their fans in the Discord enquiring about the controversy.

This user also heavily hinted at having testimony from an inside source that supposedly included emotional abuse allegations against the CEO, but was holding off on saying anything due to concerns about preserving the source's anonymity.

28th January

Despite failing to give a release date elsewhere, the developers posted a backer-exclusive Kickstarter update which as a non-backer I cannot read, but according to a poster in the Steam forum it gives the release date for Echoes as March 2019, despite the hiatus.

The CEO also tweeted refuting past criticism that she was throwing employees under the bus in her updates, and closed by stating she would not be tweeting about negativity or rumours anymore.

29th January

A Twitter user who is the MDSOA Deluxe Edition Kickstarter's highest backer (to the tune of $2000+ USD, proof posted on their Twitter account) posted a series of tweets strongly condemning the studio. She claimed one employee from the studio had blocked her (something at least one other backer has also reported) and that she had been refused a refund.

In fact, when she had emailed the studio in November 2018 asking for refunds for physical Kickstarter rewards which did not yet exist almost 2 years after the Kickstarter in question - and indeed still do not exist - ADS responded that crowdfunded pledges are "donations" and "ordinarily considered non-refundable", with the promised rewards being "just a perk". (This screenshot of the reply is embedded in one of the tweets.) However, they generously stated they would "consider it" when they start sending out merchandise.

In fact, according to Section 4 of Kickstarter's Terms of Use, this is very much not true: "project creators must complete the project and fulfil each reward." Backers are owed regular updates, and if the project fails, creators must go to lengths to show why they failed, prove they used funds appropriately, and either refund backers with any remaining funds or use this money to complete the promised project in another form. The only way to terminate these obligations to a backer is to issue a refund, ending the contract between them.

And, in any case, the developers had promised refunds in December 2017 for those who wanted them and had set up a page for refund sign-ups which they posted about in January. As such, it's clear their email response was not consistent with their past statements, especially as some people were previously able to get refunds. What changed?

Again:

"I thought of the possibility of course, of hanging it up, working on providing refunds to people (what, you REALLY thought we were so dishonorable as not to do that?)..."

31st January

Meanwhile, ADS were posting teasers of new character designs for TTEOTS, including one of the redesigns that had been made necessary by the cease and desist in August 2018. As the main male characters had originally been based on BTS they had all appeared Korean, but the redesigns had changed the races of some characters to reflect a more racially diverse future.

On the 31st they posted a passive aggressive tweet with a meme gif alluding to comments they had apparently received in the past, encouraging people to unfollow if they were likely to be upset by future character designs, all of which are "various shades of brown", with one also being agender. Again a mix of supportive and critical replies followed; even some of the studio's supporters criticised the tone as condescending and unprofessional. Several responders appeared wary of being branded as racist for criticising Five's redesign for not fitting his established character. One or two even expressed views that the devs were intentionally avoiding adding white characters out of spite or pettiness. Matters were not helped by ADS making a couple of replies of a similar hostile tone.

1st February

At last, the "inside source" that had been hinted at came forward: the former Lead Artist and Art Director at ADS, Monzana21.

Monz alleged in a Twitter statement that she had been a victim of emotional abuse at the hands of ADS's current management, ended up in the hospital with extreme exhaustion, and when she left the company received only one and a half months' payment for 7 months of work. She appealed to people to question what is happening at ADS and why they have lost so many employees, but declined to give further information publicly in order to protect herself and her friends and coworkers. In other more recent tweets she added that people in the art community are also aware of abuse and mistreatment within ADS and the scamming of fans.

Replies were overwhelmingly supportive, with a couple of other Twitter users who had interacted with ADS chiming in to say that their experiences with ADS were also negative and they did not doubt the veracity of the allegations.

Since then, any tweets on the ADS Twitter have numerous responses asking about the abuse allegations and trying to spread awareness, but the studio still has plenty of eager responses from fans as well.

On her personal account, the CEO tweeted to thank those who believe in her for their supportive messages and retweeted this on the ADS Twitter, but there has otherwise been no official statement on the matter outside of Discord. There, the CEO has outright disputed the allegations (compilation), as has ADS's other writer (compilation), and members of the Discord (some of whom address the CEO as "mom") have mostly taken them at their word, while people who were already critical or doubtful of the studio appear more inclined to believe the former Lead Artist.

The #TTEOTS, #MDSOA and #MDE Twitter tags are awash with criticism towards the studio from numerous different users, and new tweets from the CEO and the official ADS Twitter are quickly met by former fans and backers banging war drums. The fallout from the abuse allegations has yet to settle and presumably more drama is to come.

Tl;dr

Throughout January, angry ex-fans have increased efforts to raise awareness and turned ADS-related accounts and tags into a battleground on Twitter

Conspiracy theories abounded as a post about a hiatus for financial reasons was never shared, then vanished and reappeared significantly edited down a week later

A founding member of the company departed for mental health reasons

A $2k+ backer alleges she was refused a refund for items she had not received and was informed her Kickstarter pledge was a "donation" and "ordinarily non-refundable"

ADS stirred up further controversy with more passive aggressive tweets

A former employee came forward with allegations of emotional abuse and being underpaid for 7 months of work, which the remaining ADS members have refuted

[paleorecipecookbook]

RHR: The Truth about Saturated Fat, with Zoё Harcombe

In this episode, we discuss:

Why you need to eat fat

Why the Paleo diet template makes sense

Where these misguided ideas about fat came from

The Seven Countries Study

Zoё Harcombe’s research on fat

Why you should be skeptical of some news headlines

Why dietary guidelines don’t work

The epidemiological evidence

Conclusions about saturated fat

Show notes:

The Obesity Epidemic: What Caused It? How Can We Stop It?, by Zoё Harcombe

“Evidence from Randomised Controlled Trials Did Not Support the Introduction of Dietary Fat Guidelines in 1977 and 1983: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,” by Zoё Harcombe

“The Nitrate and Nitrite Myth: Another Reason Not to Fear Bacon,” by Chris Kresser

USDA Food Composition Databases

“Re-evaluation of the Traditional Diet-Heart Hypothesis: Analysis of Recovered Data from Minnesota Coronary Experiment (1968–73),” by Christopher Ramsden

“The Challenge of Reforming Nutritional Epidemiologic Research,” by John Ioannidis

[smart_track_player url="https://ift.tt/2pzvMar" title="RHR: The Truth about Saturated Fat, with Zoё Harcombe" artist="Chris Kresser" ]

Hey, everybody, Chris Kresser here. For the past 50 years we’ve been told that eating meat, saturated fat, and cholesterol is unhealthy. Recently, a growing number of people are turning to a vegetarian or vegan diet with the goal of improving their health.

But is it really true that meat and fat are bad for us? And are vegetarian and vegan diets a good choice for optimizing health and extending lifespan? If not, what is the optimal human diet? Join me on the Joe Rogan Experience on Thursday, September 27th, as I debate these questions with vegan doctor Joel Kahn. You can tune in live at 12 noon Pacific Time at JoeRogan.live. That’s J-o-e-r-o-g-a-n.live, or you can catch the recording at podcasts.joerogan.net, on YouTube, or in iTunes or Stitcher.

If you’d like to receive updates about the debate, including links to the recording and new articles and information I’ve prepared on this topic, go to Kresser.co/Rogan. That’s Kresser.co/Rogan and put your email in the box.

Okay, now onto the show.

Welcome to another episode of Revolution Health Radio. This week I'm very excited to welcome Dr. Zoë Harcombe as the guest on the podcast.

Dr. Harcombe is a Cambridge University graduate with a BA and MA in economics and math. Zoë enjoyed a successful career in blue-chip organizations before leaving corporate life in 2008 to pursue her passion. Her early career involved international roles and management consultancy, manufacturing, and marketing in global organizations from FMCG to telecoms before specializing in personnel and organization. At the peak of her career, Zoë was vice president for human resources for Europe, Middle East, and Africa. Having written three books between 2004 and 2007 while being head of people, Zoë left employment to research obesity full time. This culminated in the publication in 2010 of The Obesity Epidemic: What Caused It? How Can We Stop It?

Zoë returned to full-time education in 2012 to complete a PhD in public health nutrition, which was awarded in March 2016. Her PhD thesis was entitled “An Examination of the Randomised Controlled Trial and Epidemiological Evidence for the Introduction of Dietary Fat Recommendations in 1977 and 1983: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” A number of peer-reviewed articles have emanated from this work, and the first was the 64th most impactful paper in any discipline in the year 2015. Zoë lives with her husband and rescue animals in the Welsh countryside surrounded by food, a.k.a. sheep, hens, and cows.

Now I'm really excited to talk with Zoë because she recently published a paper critiquing the U.S. dietary guidelines and the U.K. dietary guidelines for the lack of evidence behind their recommendation against eating saturated fat or limiting it to less than 10 percent of calories in the diet. And she, as I just suggested with her bio, has probably spent more time looking at this than anybody else. She wrote her PhD thesis, as the title suggests, on the evidence, or lack of evidence, rather, behind the dietary guidelines around total fat and saturated fat. And she went all the way back to the late 70s and early 80s to look at the studies that were used to create the original dietary guidelines. And then the second half of her paper looked at all of the research that has been published since then through 2016.

And as we’ll discuss in the show, the conclusion is that the dietary guidelines never really had any meaningful evidence behind them to justify restricting saturated fat back in the late 70s and the early 80s. And the same is true today in 2018. So I hope you enjoy this interview as much as I did, and let's dive in.

Chris Kresser:  Zoë, it is such a pleasure to have you on the show. We were just chatting before the show, and I can't believe we haven't connected by now. We walk in many of the same circles, and I’ve followed your work for some time. So I'm really, really grateful that you’re able to join us.

Zoë Harcombe:  Oh, I thank you so much for having me. I’ve just followed you for so long and your “nitrates in bacon” is my just absolute go-to blog. Stop, people, worrying about bacon.

Chris Kresser:  All right. Well, we’re going to talk a lot more about that and there’s so many things we could talk about today. But the main reason that I wanted to have you on the show is to talk about your recent paper critiquing the dietary guidelines both in the U.S. and in the U.K. related to total fat and particularly saturated fat. And everyone who’s listening to this knows that for many, many years, really, I guess about 40 years now, right? It goes back to about 40, 41 years now, we've been told that fat in general, although that's maybe slightly changing in the public perception recently and even in some of the dietary guidelines that fat in general is bad, and particularly saturated fat is terrible.

But as we’re going to discuss in the show, your research has shown that that's maybe not what the evidence actually says. So before we dive into that, why don’t you tell everyone a little bit about your background and how you came to this work.

Zoë Harcombe:  Okay, I’ll do a really quick one because I know you’re not sort of a three-hour podcast man. So I’ll give you a composite history. First fascination came when I was studying at Cambridge University in the late 80s, early 90s and started seeing obesity growing around me. And it was just a fascination to me because it's the last thing that people want to be. People do not want to be overweight, let alone obese, and it was just starting to explode and had already exploded in the U.S. And I was just fascinated.

So I wanted to understand, why do we have an obesity epidemic? When you start looking at why, you go back to looking at when, and you can't help but see, particularly on the U.S. graph, that it just takes off like an airplane at about 1976 to 1980, that pivot point in the NHANES data. And of course, therefore, you go back to look at that period of time. Did anything particularly happen? Did we suddenly start eating 10,000 calories a day and sitting around on our backsides? Well, actually, no we didn't.

Did you grow up hearing that saturated fat would give you a heart attack? You’re not alone. Check out this episode of RHR for an in-depth look at the science surrounding saturated fat with researcher and author Zoё Harcombe. 

And the UK data was particularly interesting. We seem to be eating fewer calories nowadays than we did back in the 1970s, when we were much slimmer. Barely any obesity in the UK by about 1972. And you then start looking at an event called the dietary guidelines, which came in with the Senator McGovern committee in 1977, and of course these were then embedded in the US Dietary Guidelines for Americans in 1980 and then every five years since. And there is debate.

There are people who will say the introduction of the dietary guidelines has nothing to do with the rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes and more beta conditions related to diet and lifestyle. But it at least needs to be looked at. I mean, I say it coincided with the epidemics in obesity and diabetes, and we need to therefore explore was that a coincidence or was it a factor that was material in the changes in our health. And I am one of the people who thinks it is material and that our shift to basing our meals on starchy foods, grains, fruits, vegetables, largely carbohydrates, being encouraged to consume as high as 60 percent of our diet in the form of carbohydrate, the one macronutrient we don’t actually need, I do think it has made a difference. And I’m not alone in that view.

And then of course you look at guidelines and say, well, what were they about? And of course, they were about restricting total fat to no more than 30 percent of calories and saturated fat to no more than 10 percent. And because they were only three things that we ate and because protein is in everything other than sucrose and oil, so it tends to be fairly constant in any natural diet, and the peer study showed this beautifully, nice evidence for this, protein tends to stay constant around 15 percent. So as soon as you set the fat guideline, you’ve automatically set a carbohydrate intake minimum of 55 percent. And that’s what we did.

So I wanted to understand why did we set that total fat guideline. If that was the thing that started everything, why did we do that? And did we get it right or did we get it wrong?

Chris Kresser:  So you have a BA and an MA from Cambridge in economics and math, and then in 2016 you got a PhD in public health nutrition. And what I find really fascinating is what you … tell us a little bit about your PhD thesis.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, so the PhD thesis was using the relatively modern techniques, and they have been around since the 1970s, but we’re really using them a lot now. And that’s the systematic review and meta-analysis. And when we pulled together evidence from randomized controlled trials, ideally, if not from cohort studies, it’s considered to be the pinnacle of the evidence that we could examine. So I approached looking at the dietary fat guidelines in four ways. And one was to say, what was the RCT evidence at the time available to the committee? Had they looked at it back in …

Chris Kresser:  That’s “randomized controlled trials,” for those who are not familiar.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yes. Yeah, so the randomized controlled trial evidence available to the US committee in 1977, and then the UK committee deliberated in 1983, and that allowed one more study available to the UK committee that wasn't available to the US committee, and that was the Woodhill Sydney Diet Heart Study. And also to look at the epidemiological evidence available, had the committee chosen to look it at the time the guidelines were set? So that was the first two papers, the first half of the PhD. And then the second half was to bring it up to date and to say if the committees were deliberating again today and they had all the RCT, randomized controlled trial, evidence available and all the epidemiological evidence available we have today, what would the conclusions be, looking at it in an up-to-date scenario. And that was the four parts.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, so you’ve spent, how many years did it take for you to get your PhD?

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, three and a half. I did it full time. I just decided to stop everything else I was doing and do it full time. And as anyone who’s ever done one meta-analysis knows, to try and do four …

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, that’s a lot of work. But the upshot here is that you have a PhD in public health nutrition. You spent the better part of four years examining the evidence base for the last 40 years connecting fat and saturated fat to health and disease. And this is exactly why I wanted to have you on the show to talk about this topic because it's one thing if you have a kind of armchair critic who's cherry picking one or two studies to make their point, which often happens on the internet, right?

Zoë Harcombe:  Yes.

Chris Kresser:  It's another thing to have someone who's trained at the level that you've been trained at who spent four years objectively looking at this evidence and then publishing on it and showing where it doesn’t add up. So let's dive into that now.

I want to start by talking about some basics because I think they’re really important. I love how you did this in your recent dietary guidelines paper. Just a few facts about fat that maybe not everyone is aware of or has thought about much.

Zoë Harcombe:  Okay, so I shared these in conference presentations and I was really pleased that when I did this, there’s peer-reviewed study. They didn’t get edited out because I thought they might be a bit chatty, if you know what I mean, for a peer-reviewed paper.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  But I actually had a couple of nice comments in the margin of people saying, “Oh, good point, I hadn’t thought about that.”

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, yeah. I had the same reaction.

Why You Need to Eat Fat

Zoë Harcombe:  Oh, thank you. So the most important one is that we must consume fat. Human beings must consume fat. We die without consuming dietary fat. We must consume essential fatty acids, that’s why they’re called essential.

“Essential” in nutrition means something that we must consume, not just something that the body needs. And of course we have the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K, and they come in foods with fat. And they need fat to be absorbed. So that’s pretty vital. When people demonize fat to the extent that they do, they always give the impression that we could get away without eating this stuff. And we couldn’t. I don’t know how quickly we’d die, but we would. So we need it.

Number two, again, that people seem to realize particularly when they demonize saturated fat is that every single food that contains fat, and it’s actually quite difficult to find a food that doesn't contain fat, sucrose doesn’t. But not much else doesn’t. So every food that contains fat contains all three fats. That’s:

Saturated fat

Monounsaturated fat

Polyunsaturated fat

And only the proportions vary. So again, people talk as if we can avoid saturated fat and only eat unsaturated fat, and that is completely impossible unless you're in a lab and you’re trying to create single fats. It is impossible if you’re going to eat food, which I recommend that all people do.

And then the other interesting factoid, I love playing around on the USDA all foods database and just looking at things that add up and things that don’t add up. And it was a real surprise to me when I first started looking at foods that when it comes to food groups, there is only one food group that has more saturated than unsaturated fat, and that is dairy products. So your struggle to find a meat, and I have not yet found one, that has more saturated than unsaturated fat, typically the main fat in meat is monounsaturated fat. And that goes for lamb or steak or chicken.

Chris Kresser:  Even pork.

Zoë Harcombe:  Absolutely. And therefore lard, which I just love, because people just think lard is pure disgusting.

Chris Kresser:  Saturated fat, yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  Saturated fat.

Chris Kresser:  If you were to put lard or coconut oil together, people would say lard would be the unhealthy choice from a saturated fat perspective. But of course, coconut oil is 97 percent saturated, I think.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yes.

Chris Kresser:  Something like that.

Zoë Harcombe:  And lard is 39 percent.

Chris Kresser:  Right.

Zoë Harcombe:  So nowhere near as bad. And that’s not saying that saturated fat is worse than unsaturated fat. It’s just stating a nutritional fact. The only food group that has more is dairy products. And then of course you’re getting to, “Well, are dairy products bad for us?” And it’s really difficult to think that they are when you look at the nutritional profile of dairy products and the bone nutrients calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D. Look at any profile of any dairy product and you can’t help but think …

Chris Kresser:  And the evidence.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yes.

Chris Kresser:  I mean there’s a ton of evidence suggesting that full-fat, but not nonfat or low-fat dairy are beneficial for both cardiovascular and metabolic health. And there was actually a new study recently published, I’m not sure if you saw it. I am less persuaded by it. Or you mentioned it, the PURE Study.

Zoë Harcombe:  Oh, yes.

Chris Kresser:  Because it has within-country or between-country comparisons, which I think we’ll be talking about later, is problematic. That was an issue with the Seven Countries Study. But it does align with many of the other studies that have been done on this topic previously, showing that when people eat more full-fat dairy, that's associated with lower body weight, with lower blood sugar and better glycemic control, and with lower risk of heart disease based on cardiovascular markers. And that's actually the reason that the full-fat dairy works better than the low-fat or the nonfat dairy in that regard because some of the nutrients that are thought to be beneficial for cardiovascular and metabolic health are in the fat.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yes, amazing.

Chris Kresser:  So if you take out the fat, you take out the benefit.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, yeah.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  Absolutely, I’m a huge fan of dairy, personally.

Chris Kresser:  Me too. I mean, of course if someone is lactose intolerant or they’re intolerant of the proteins, it needs to be avoided. But for people who are not, what I always say is at least the evidence that we have suggests that it's healthy when it's well tolerated by the individual.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yes.

Why the Paleo Diet Template Makes Sense

Chris Kresser:  So given this, given that fat is essential, that all foods contain all fats and that saturated fat is not even the highest percentage of fat in any food except for dairy, this leads us to some pretty interesting conclusions. You mentioned in your paper, which I loved, and I loved that they kept it in here too, it’s illogical that the same natural food would be both helpful and harmful. Like you can't eat a steak and eat it so that you're only eating the unsaturated fats and not the saturated fats.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, yeah. There’s no other way of putting that. It just, it doesn’t make sense. Whether your belief system is in God or nature, food is provided around us on this planet, and it makes no sense that in that same food that we need to thrive and survive, something has been put that is trying to kill us at the same time as all the things being there that are trying to save us and enable us to live. And we’ve evolved of course over—I’m reading Sapiens at the moment, so there’s an argument over our heritage—but, I mean, we’ve certainly been around potentially since Australopithecus, Lucy, two-and-a-half, maybe three-and-a-half million years ago. And we’ve done pretty well eating anything we can forage or hunt around us.

Chris Kresser:  That’s right.

Zoë Harcombe:  The idea that they came up with in the last 40 years that this stuff is trying to kill us, it’s just so stupid.

Chris Kresser:  It doesn’t add up at all.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  It doesn’t add up. So another example you used which I love because it really turns nutrition-dominant paradigm ideas on their head is the olive oil versus pork chop example. Tell us about that.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah. So I have a little postcard that I leave on the chairs at conferences, as well, so there’ll be many around the world. And I put up a picture of a sirloin steak, mackerel, olive oil, and mention the pork chop. And a couple of interesting, fun factoids. One is that the mackerel has twice the total fat and one-and-a-half times the saturated fat as the sirloin steak, which isn’t a problem because both of them are great foods. But of course we’re told not to have red meat and we’re told not to have oily fish. So that’s illogical.

And then olive oil has 14 percent saturated fat versus a typical pork chop might be only sort of one to two grams, but then people say, “Oh, you wouldn't consume 100 grams of olive oil.” No, but a tablespoon of olive oil has more saturated fat than a 100-gram pork chop. And again, we can make a mockery of nutritional advice when you know something about food.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, I mean, and it’s easy to see how you could have a salad, if you have a big salad with a couple tablespoons of olive oil and dressing versus a 200-gram pork chop, you’re still eating more saturated fat there.

Where These Misguided Ideas about Saturated Fat Came From

So, I mean, this is so obvious when you look at it this way, and it makes you wonder, how did we get the idea that saturated fat is bad in the first place? I know there are some political and social roots of this, and feel free to talk a little bit about that if you want. But in particular, how did this arise from the evidence? What was your sense of that as you did your PhD and looked deeply at all of this?

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, so one of the most important chapters in the PhD is the review of the literature. And you go back in the review of the literature, and of course in this topic area, you’ve got to go back to the Russian pathologists in the early part of the 19th century, when they noticed the cholesterol deposits in the arteries of the autopsies that they were doing. So they started to hypothesize, had these cholesterol deposits actually caused the death of this relatively young person that they were performing an autopsy on, and could they come to any conclusions about those sort of cholesterol stores of fatty deposits?

And many people know this, it’s been said in conference presentations, that at the time they then started experiments on rabbits, feeding them foods containing cholesterol, feeding them purified cholesterol, to try to see if they could mimic the impact that they thought food might be having on the human body. And of course, as some people have worked out, rabbits are herbivores and the only foods that contained artery cholesterol are foods of animal origins. No exception. So you find dietary cholesterol only in meat, fish, eggs, and dairy, which are things that rabbits can't tolerate.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, it’s strange. In a certain way, this almost supports what we were just saying. Eat a species-appropriate diet. The message there is not “don’t eat cholesterol.” It’s “don’t feed cholesterol to an animal that’s not supposed to eat it and don’t feed humans foods that we’re not supposed to eat.”

Zoë Harcombe:  Absolutely. And very interesting. When they fed purified cholesterol not in animal foods to the rabbits, they didn’t have any problems. And when they fed cholesterol foods to dogs, they didn’t have any problems because dogs are omnivores.

The Seven Countries Study

So we then wind forward to the 1950s, and Ancel Keys gets a bit of a bad rap in our world. I like to look on him in quite a more balanced way because he did some brilliant work, like the research starvation experiment. But he did kind of fall by the wayside a little bit on the fat thing.

So his first exploration was with the Russian experiments in mind to try to see if dietary cholesterol impacted blood cholesterol. And he concluded it did not, and he never deviated from that view. And the best quotation I found on that was from the 1954 symposium on atherosclerosis, and he said, “Cholesterol in food has no impact on either cholesterol in the blood or the development of atherosclerosis in man.” Which was brilliant because he had actually exonerated animal foods. But he didn't make that connection at the time. Maybe his nutritional knowledge just wasn't good enough and he just hadn't quite worked out, “If I’m finding nothing when I’m feeding human subjects,” because you could do that then with ethics, “human subjects massive amounts of dietary cholesterol via loads of animal products, they don’t develop any blood cholesterol problems and they don’t develop any signs of atherosclerosis,” he should’ve concluded, “I therefore just exonerated what I’ve been feeding them.” Which would be:

Eggs

Cheese

Meat

Possibly fish

But most likely meat, cheese, and eggs. But he didn’t. For some reason he was convinced that fat was the bad guy. If it wasn’t cholesterol in food, then it had to be fat in food. And yet again, having given his human subjects animal foods, he should’ve said, “What are the macronutrients in those animal foods? Okay, so it’s fat and protein. Dairy products have got a little, little bit of carbohydrate, but essentially what I've just fed them is fat and protein. So I should turn my attention to the one thing I haven't fed them, which is carbohydrate.” But he didn't do that.

So he was convinced that total fat was the problem, and of course we then had the Mount Sinai presentation in 1953, which gave us that famous Six Countries Graph, which has nothing to do with the Seven Countries Study. And then of course there were a number of countries that he'd left out. And Yerushalmy and Hilleboe found this out and unfortunately published a little bit too late, in 1957, saying, “Hey, hang on, you left out all of these other countries. And if you put them all on there it looks a bit like a spider scatter, that the pattern has gone. But the Seven Countries Study had already started in 1956. And Keys seemed pretty determined that he was going to come to the end of the Seven Countries Study and find fat guilty.

Now interestingly, and this is not terribly widely known, he could not find anything against total fat. So when, as part of my PhD, I pulled the epidemiological studies that were available at the time the guidelines were introduced, and of course the Seven Countries Study was one of those, and you’ve got Framingham and Honolulu, Puerto Rico, the London bank and bus study, and the Western Electric study being the others, none of those six found any relationship between coronary heart disease and total fat. So Keys acted. He went in with the total fat hypothesis. He accepted that it was not total fat. Now he had spent so much time and money on this study, he needed to find something. And he could find an association between saturated fat in the different cohorts, and coronary heart disease in the different cohorts. But at the same time he claimed, and this is in the summary paper, “I found no issue with weight, obesity, I found no issue with sedentary behavior activity, I found no issue with smoking.”

So things that we now know he was wrong about, we give him the benefit of the doubt on the one thing that he did find, which was saturated fat. And the other five peer studies, the ones I’ve just mentioned, did not find anything against saturated fat. And of course, they were all in country studies. So they were right, they were in community studies.

So you take Framingham. It’s a small town, it’s looking at people who eat a certain level of total fat or saturated fat versus people who don’t. So you’ve got all the other factors, or many of them, constant. You’ve got the same GDP, the same politics, the same community, the same access to healthcare. Go to Japan in the 1950s versus the US in the 1950s, you’re comparing efficiently.

Chris Kresser:  Completely different.

Zoë Harcombe:  Exactly.

Chris Kresser:  Not even apples and oranges. We’re not even in fruit category there. I just want to pause here and just highlight this for people who are less familiar with research and methodologies. What Zoë’s saying is that if you … the problem with comparing groups of people between countries is that there's so many factors that vary from country to country and lifestyle, physical activity, the type of foods they eat. Saturated fat comes in lots of different types of food. So what kinds of foods are people eating in the US versus in Japan, where saturated fat would be found in totally different type of food? So comparing between countries just makes the possibility of confounding factors and all of the other issues of epidemiological research, it just amplifies them and makes them even more likely. So typically, especially today, those between-country studies are often discounted or taken with a large grain of salt because it's so hard to control for factors even within the population, much less between different populations.

Zoë Harcombe:  Absolutely. Absolutely yes.

Chris Kresser:  Okay, so, I mean, this is … the crazy thing to me about this, Zoë, and I'm sure this struck you at many intervals throughout your PhD, is just how much of a house of cards the whole evidence base is behind the idea that saturated fat is bad for us. There’s this illusory truth fallacy that we were chatting about before we hit the record button, as well, which is the idea that if you hear something repeated enough times, you just start to believe that it's true, whether it has any basis in fact or not. And we think maybe that researchers and scientists are immune to this illusion. But the fact is, they’re not.

John Ioannides, one of the most famous epidemiologists in the world, one of my favorite quotes of his is, “Claimed research findings may often be simply accurate measures of the prevailing bias.” So, I mean, that sums it. He has all these pithy quotes that just sum it up in, like, 10 words. Which basically means that once you have a certain idea and it's out there because of groupthink and confirmation bias, that idea will often just be perpetuated, even if it was never based in fact in the first place. Because someone will link to that original study that turned out to be erroneous as proof, then someone does a later study and you link to that second study. And then it just becomes a chain of references that all point back to that original study that then it was later shown to be invalid. So it's crazy to me that 40 years of dietary policy has been based on such flimsy evidence.

Zoë Harcombe:  I should declare my own bias, actually, going in, because up until 2010 I’d been a vegetarian for about 20 years. Then my own bias going in was that fat was bad, saturated fat was bad, saturated fat equaled animal fat, which of course I now know absolutely that it doesn’t. All fats are in all foods, especially coconut oil, which is purely vegan. And I believed what I’d been taught at school, that we should be eating low-fat foods and healthy whole grains and plenty of fruit and vegetables. And I believed it too. And I was at a dinner party just a couple of weeks ago, and there were a couple of young people who were engaged and full of life and full of news and full of opinions.

And as we sat down to dinner, they were reliably informing me and my husband that they didn’t eat much meat because it was full of saturated fat, which of course it isn’t, and saturated fat is bad for you, which of course it isn’t. And I said, “You guys work in the finance industry. How did you pick up, how did you become authorities on dietary fat at your tender young years?” We had done a superb marketing job on fat and cholesterol worldwide and people have fallen for it.

Chris Kresser:  Absolutely. Yeah, yeah, and it’s deep. It’s really a form of conditioning. At least, I’m not sure what’s happening with with kids now, but I grew up certainly at a time where butter and eggs and all those foods were really demonized. And it becomes kind of part of your cultural conditioning, and it's so deeply hardwired in the brain, it can be really hard to let go of it. I, as my listeners know, I was a macrobiotic vegan at one point. So I took it about as far as you could go.

Zoë Harcombe:  Wow.

Chris Kresser:  And I remember in high school, I was an athlete and the whole carb loading paradigm. I was eating, like, bagels with nothing on them, like dry bagels and breakfast cereal with nonfat milk for breakfast, and eating pasta and pancakes before my basketball games because the thinking was that would be good for athletic performance and also good for my health.

So I can be pretty extreme when I go for something. I took it to the extreme and when I started to figure out, I mean, it took a very serious chronic illness for me to snap out of that. And even with that, I remember when I was first starting to eat more fat, I had this distinct feeling, like I was doing something wrong or I should do it behind closed doors, or that something bad was going to happen to me. And it took quite a while for that to unwind. So I think there’s that kind of deeper psychological influence happening here too.

Zoë Harcombe:  I’ve read your stuff on that. You write so, like it just happened yesterday. I mean you just describe it, and you just did it then. I could see you running around the track with your bagel. It sort of stays in your mind, doesn’t it, how we felt and what we thought we were doing when we did all of that stuff.

Zoё Harcombe’s Research on Fat

Chris Kresser:  Absolutely. So let's talk a little bit more. Let’s kind of dive in with a little more of a fine-toothed comb on your thesis and your review of the RCTs from 1977, the randomized controlled trials. Which again, if we’re looking at a hierarchy of evidence, it's not that RCTs are perfect or they don't have potential issues, but certainly when compared to epidemiological issues and all of the problems there, which we’ll discuss a little later, they are more reliable. So what did you find in your review of RCTs related to saturated fat and either death from all causes and death from heart disease?

Zoë Harcombe:  So this paper came out in February 2015, and it went nuts. And if you Google it, it was front page in New Zealand and in the UK papers. And I spent the whole day when it came out. The phone was ringing the second I put it on in the morning and it was the BBC, could I come in? And I ended up doing about 20 or 30 interviews that day, just back to back. And it just went nuts. So I think it went nuts because it was the unique part of the PhD that was looking at the evidence at the time. And so people were picking up on the idea that we’ve been eating low fat for 40 years and the evidence wasn’t there at the time to back up the call to do that.

So the major findings from that paper were first of all that there were only six studies, six randomized controlled trials that were available to the UK committee. Only five were available to the US committee, and they’ll be pretty well-known to people. It’s like the Rose corn oil, olive oil trial, the low-fat diet; the Leren Oslo Diet-Heart Study; the MRC soybean study; the Sydney Diet Heart Study; and the LA Vet study. And you pull all of those together, there is no difference whatsoever. Not even to just leak the significance, it was actually the exact same number of deaths in the controlled side as in the intervention side. There was no significant difference in coronary heart disease mortality, it wasn’t quite an identical number, but it was something like 221 versus 219, or something. It was so close. It was virtually identical, again.

A really interesting finding, and this just massively undermined the diet–heart hypothesis and was not a finding that we expected to come across. It just came out. We were able to measure the … Across the polled studies, there was a significant difference in cholesterol being lowered in the intervention studies. But of course that made no difference whatsoever between mortality or coronary heart disease mortality. And I then went on to try to understand why it may have been the case that cholesterol had been lowered by the intervention and not made any difference to health benefits apart from the fact that cholesterol is not bad for us. But why didn’t intervention diets lower cholesterol?

And I think it’s because the main intervention was to swap out saturated fat and to swap in polyunsaturated fat. And a lot of the polyunsaturated fats that they were putting in, corn oil, soybean oil, vegetable oils, contain plant sterols. And plant sterol is effectively plant cholesterol, and it competes in the human gut with the human cholesterol and it replaces it, to an extent. So if you take plant sterols in margarines or spreads or in vegetable oils or indeed in some grain plant products, or some people take them from tablets from the health food shop, which is a really crazy … they will replace your own cholesterol to an extent and lower your blood cholesterol. But I’ve looked at the evidence for the end outcomes on heart disease. I’ve got another paper on that that was published in an editorial, and that shows that actually the overall benefit is not there. It’s actually overall harm of administering plant sterols in the end outcomes of heart disease.

But I think that’s why they lowered cholesterol and perhaps the studies weren’t long enough for the harm from that replacement to actually manifest itself in a difference in outcomes. And I would then expect the interventions to have more deaths from heart disease and more deaths therefore from all-cause mortality.

One of the other really big aspects I think that grabbed the media is the point that we made at the end of the paper, saying that these six studies, when he pulled them together, amounted for fewer than two-and-a-half thousand men, not one single woman had been studied, and not one of those men was healthy. They had all had a heart attack already.

Why You Should Be Skeptical of Some News Headlines

Chris Kresser:  So this is just really key here. You cannot generalize, even if the results were consistent across all these studies, which they weren’t, implicating … Or it sounds like they were consistent in the opposite direction that people thought they were. But even if they had implicated saturated fat as increasing total and CHD mortality, coronary heart disease, that would only be applicable to men.

Zoë Harcombe:  Sick.

Chris Kresser:  With pre-existing, yeah, sick men.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  Not women and not men that are not sick.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, absolutely, yeah. And interestingly not one study called for change, and studies at the time were far more ethical, I think, than they are today. Far less media orientated, far less trying to get a press release. They would just say things how they were. And a couple of them were a bit nervous about potential toxicity of the fish oil that we’d administered, and they’re the ones that were a bit worried about … the corn oil study had more deaths in the intervention group, and said, “We’re worried about the potential harm from the fish oil intervention.” And the low-fat diet study, the last sentence of that study just cracks me up. It just says, “A low-fat diet has no place in the treatment of myocardial infarction,” which is heart attack.

Chris Kresser:  It's interesting to me what you just said that how much the, both the reporting on studies has changed in the media and also even the way that researchers talk about their findings themselves to the media. I think I was reading an article in Science that was published in 1993, and they were talking about relative risks, which we can get into more detail when we talk about epidemiological evidence. But this is the percentage increase in risk from a given intervention, and they were outside of nutrition, still today in any other field, epidemiologists would consider anything below a 200 to 400 percent increase in risk to be indistinguishable from noise, meaning they would consider anything less than a 200 percent increase in risk to be not significant statistically. And in this article, Marcia Angell, who is a former editor of the New England Journal of Medicine, was quoted as saying that, “They typically didn't really accept a paper unless it had a relative risk ratio of over three for nutrition.” And that just blew me away because today, like IARC's panel about red meat and processed meat causing increased risk of cancer, the percentage increase is 18 percent.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  That’s not even remotely close to the 200 percent which is the lower end of the threshold. And yet the media headlines are not saying indistinguishable increase in risk observed in people eating more red meat. They come out and just claim causality. They say, “Red meat and eating red meat and processed meat is going to kill you.”

Zoë Harcombe:  And as Bradford Hill would say, “There’s nine criteria and that double is just one of them.”

Chris Kresser:  Yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  “So hit the double and then you can look at the other eight.” But none of them hit the double, none today get anywhere close.

Chris Kresser:  Nowhere near and yet, and I think this is partly an artifact of the world we live in, just with, like, proliferation of the internet and so many headlines. Everyone's vying to get attention and so you have to … a headline that said, almost insignificant increase in risk observed in people who eat more red meat than other people. But of course there are other diet and lifestyle factors that we’re not considering. That's not to make a good headline, right? Nobody’s going to click on that. And so people want the flashy, clickbait headline saying low-carb diet will shorten your lifespan or eating red meat will give you a heart attack. Even though I would hope that the researchers themselves somewhere deep down know that that’s a gross exaggeration of their findings.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  And as for the media, I guess it’s just that we don’t have science journalists anymore.

Zoë Harcombe:  We don’t. I do a note every Monday where I look at a paper from the previous week and dissect it. And you can tell, mostly the ones that get into the media have had a press release. And if you look at the press release and you look at the media article, the media have just taken the press release almost verbatim. The press release provides a couple of quotes, they end up in every single article. Completely lazy journalism. Occasionally they might call in the UK me or Dr. Aseem Malhotra or Dr. Malcolm Kendrick and just say, “Do you want to give an opposing quote?” and occasionally they’ll stick it in.

Mostly they’ll just run off the press release, and the researchers should be challenging the press release. I mean, our paper in February 2015 was press released, and I remember having a few toings and froings because I wanted it to be scientific. It’s a big enough claim in itself to say we only studied two-and-a-half thousand sick men, and then we introduced these guidelines for 250 million Americans and 50 million Brits. That’s okay, enough. We don’t need to sensationalize it anymore than that.

Chris Kresser:  Absolutely.

Zoë Harcombe:  So I tried to get it down to the facts that we found and not to put any spin on them.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah. Yeah, to your credit, I mean, that's so hard to do in this crazy media environment that we live in now. And to be fair, there are definitely researchers that make an effort to do that. And you still will see that in reports where, I was reading one on, I can't remember what it was, but it actually stood out to me because I don't see it as often as I do. I was impressed by both at what the researchers were saying and that the author of the article. Because they went out of their way to say this is just an association or correlation. It doesn't prove causality, and here are the reasons why it might not be a causal relationship, and why we need more research. But my sense of that is it's almost like when you watch, if you see a commercial for a drug and then you have like the 20 seconds of side effects after the 10 seconds of the commercial. People have heard that so many times they just kind of tune that out and they’re only really still paying attention to the headline.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  So let’s talk. So you went back, you reviewed the RCTs from the late 70s that were responsible for creating dietary guidelines that, as you said, applied to hundreds of millions of people around the world and probably affected many more even just by osmosis. Those ideas becoming firmly entrenched in industrialized society, even if they weren’t part of formal dietary guidelines. And then you went back and analyzed all of the research that had been done from, was it from the late 70s to 2016?

Zoë Harcombe:  Yes, so we then took it up to date. And I actually said in the recent paper that’s just been published by the BJSM, the one on is saturated fat a nutrient of concern, and that’s because the USDA is now looking at it again for the next dietary guidelines. And I actually put in that paper that the day that the paper is saying there was no evidence at the time came out, I was astonished that Public Health England came out almost immediately on the day. I said, “Okay, so maybe there wasn’t evidence at the time, but we’ve got plenty of evidence today.”

Chris Kresser:  Right.

Zoë Harcombe:  I was surprised that they were prepared to concede. I thought they said, “No, no, no, this is ridiculous. The Seven Countries Study was marvelous and that’s all we need. And we can ignore everything else.” But they didn’t. They said, “Okay, there was no evidence, but there is plenty nowadays.” And of course it takes so long to get papers published that with my supervisory team, we’d already moved on to the next step, which was looking at the evidence available today. So we had that paper pretty much ready to go. And of course you keep in the original six studies, then you just add in any other randomized controlled trials that have looked at coronary heart disease, mortality, and total mortality. Those were our two outcome criteria so we wouldn’t lose some RCTs that only looked at events, for example. But then that then brought in the Women’s Health Initiative, the DART study, the STARS study, and the very well-known Minnesota Coronary Survey study.

Chris Kresser:  Zoë, before we go on I want to pause there. Let’s talk about why you chose total and coronary mortality as an endpoint and why that's important—to focus on the mortality endpoints versus just the events.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, I’ve got to credit Dr. Malcolm Kendrick with this, and I am such a Dr. Malcolm Kendrick fan, it’s just not true.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, me too.

Zoë Harcombe:  And I just remember, I mean, I’m fortunate enough to know him and consider him a friend and to meet him on occasions. And just every time I meet with him he says stuff and I'm just, why is this not just the only thing that’s being taught in medical school because it’s so sensible? So he’ll say, “I can guarantee that you won’t die from heart disease by pushing you off a cliff.” And it just, it then sticks in your head. Okay, so the important thing is total mortality because there is no point to reducing heart disease if you increase deaths of something else. So all this stuff going on with statins. Oh, we think we can reduce some events. We could have a whole different program on statins. But would there be any point in making any benefit anyway, even if they could, if they, for example, as they might do, increase your risk of cancer or dementia or mind health, etc., etc.? So it has to be total mortality. The only thing that matters is are you going to help people to live longer, to die later?

Chris Kresser:  Absolutely.

Zoë Harcombe:  That’s what we’re trying to do with health interventions. And so we’ve got to have all-cause mortality in there and then we’ve got to have heart disease mortality and not just events. Because that’s where the dietary fat guidelines came about. They were issued in the name of trying to stop deaths, particularly in men at the time, younger men at the time, from coronary heart disease. So if they’re not going to achieve that, then they’re not even going to achieve what they were introduced for. So why on earth were they introduced?

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, thanks for clarifying, and sorry to interrupt. But I'm banging on this drum all the time. I just want to make sure that people understand it because it's a crucial distinction. You frequently see headlines like “XYZ intervention reduces the risk of heart attack by 20 percent,” which again, as we just said, in an epidemiological study, that's meaningless. We can’t distinguish that from chance anyways.

But even if it's an RCT, then the first thing I’d do is go look at the table to see if they even measured total mortality. Which previously, that was less common. It’s more common now, I'm finding. But then when you look at total mortality, there is often no difference. So that’s where the disease substitution is happening that you were just talking about. The risk of death.

Zoë Harcombe:  A bit of gossip. Malcolm Kendrick wants to die from a heart attack.

Chris Kresser:  Rather than cancer?

Zoë Harcombe:  Exactly. Rather than cancer.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, that’s what I tell people too.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, he doesn’t want to go early, don’t get me wrong. He probably wants to go at sort of 98 drinking a glass of red wine, playing with his grandchildren when he gets them.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah. You just have a heart attack in your sleep overnight. You don’t wake up one morning. That sounds a lot better to me than dementia or Alzheimer’s or cancer.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  So you don’t need to belabor this, but it’s really important to point out because I think it's something that people who are less familiar with research may not have thought of. So okay, so you chose total and CHT mortality, and I believe you ended up with 10 RCTs?

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah. So the original six and then the Women’s Health Initiative, DART, STARS, and the Minnesota Coronary Survey, pull them all together, there’s no difference in all-cause mortality. There’s no difference in coronary heart disease mortality. Again, there was a significant reduction in cholesterol in the interventions that did not meet any difference in coronary heart disease mortality or all-cause mortality.

So essentially, all we did by adding in the former recent studies was that we increased the number of people studied quite dramatically. It came up into the tens of thousands, not least because the women’s health initiative alone brings along tens of thousands of people to the party. And of course it then became more female than male because of all the women in the Women’s Health Initiative. But we still in those 10 only ended up with one study including both men and women that would be a primary prevention study, so people who had not already had a heart attack, and that was of course the Minnesota Coronary Survey. And this in itself found no significant results at the time of publication and of course we then had that brilliant paper where … it should be on the tip of my tongue, the person who went back to look at this, Christopher, I’m thinking. You know the person I mean, who went back to look at the Minnesota Coronary Survey and also went back to look at the Sydney.

Chris Kresser:  Was it Hibbeln?

Zoë Harcombe:  No.

Chris Kresser:  No that’s Joseph Hibbeln and Christopher, they’re both the guys who have done a lot of the critique of the polyunsaturated fat research, or am I thinking of someone different?

Zoë Harcombe:  Oh, I’ll be kicking myself and don’t worry. Stick it in your show notes. But it’s a very well-known team that went back to look at both of those studies and even thought there was no evidence found against the dietary intervention at the time, they found that there was some unpublished data. And it just made it even more robust that we had been demonizing fat at the time. So all the RCTs as of 2016, and there haven’t been any since, and there’s still no more evidence than we had at the time the guidelines were introduced.

Chris Kresser:  Wow, it’s just, it’s really kind of remarkable, actually. And it’s again just going back to this idea that a lot of this evidence is really based on a house of cards. And as an example of the fallibility of these guidelines, the US in 2015 for the first time removed their advisory that we should not be eating dietary cholesterol. Because they finally acknowledged the cholesterol in the diet does not have any relationship with heart disease. And that was kind of like a pretty major thing that just, like, slipped through.

There weren’t really big announcements or any fanfare around that. Like, “Hey, everybody, we’ve been really wrong about this for the last 30 or 40 years and we just want to bring that to your attention.” And I even remember reading editorials written by scientists who were kind of still anti-saturated fat and cholesterol, and were saying things like, “We can’t really make too much of this because the public is going to lose faith in our ability to guide them with diet.” And I have a sense that the same thing is going to happen with saturated fat in the next few years. And maybe already people know this, but they're just not willing to do it yet because if they do, people will absolutely lose faith in the diet guidelines.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, and they need to.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  I mean, let’s face it, they need to lose faith. The best thing that they could do, the dietary guideline committees, would be to come out and say, “Guys, we were wrong. I’m sorry, we were wrong. And we’re going to get it right from now on.” And that would be the only way that we would start having trust in them again. But all this surreptitious slipping things out, then slipping things in, anyone who’s working in this field is just finding this completely unprofessional and noncredible.

 Why Dietary Guidelines Don’t Work

Chris Kresser:  I mean, this is a whole other discussion, but it’s worth pointing out that the idea of top-down, one-size-fits-all dietary guidelines that will apply to everyone is really not consistent with our understanding, our modern understanding of human biology, biochemistry, and physiology. And I think that this, the whole idea of dietary guidelines that would apply to everyone needs to just die. Because that has led to this reductionist approach, which one researcher calls nutritionism, I like that idea, which is that a nutrient is a nutrient is a nutrient no matter what it's found in.

Saturated fat in candy or pizza or junk food will have the same impact as saturated fat found in a steak or another whole food. And it’s led to this extreme focus on macronutrients and isolated food components rather than looking at the whole context of the diet. And that's starting to change slowly. There have been some pretty good studies in the last couple years. There was one, I’m sure you know which one I mean. It was looking mostly at weight loss and they compared, they designed a study that was comparing the effects of a healthier low-carb versus a healthier low-fat diet. And they found that both were actually pretty effective compared to the standard junk food diet that most people eat.

And we need more studies like that, and if we let go of this kind of one-size-fits-all approach, we might actually be able to start looking at the context of foods we’re eating, and then where maybe one person does need to eat more fat and fewer carbs and another person might do better eating a little bit less fat and more carbs from whole foods relative to that other person. So to me that’s one of the biggest assumptions behind the dietary guidelines that’s not mentioned.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, that was the Gardner study, wasn’t it?

Chris Kresser:  Yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  I corresponded that enough.

Chris Kresser:  Yes, the Gardner study.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, very good study, yeah.

 The Epidemiological Evidence

Chris Kresser:  So let's just briefly touch on epidemiological evidence. I mean, there’s so many issues with observational nutrition studies. I don't know if you saw John Ioannidis’s recent review. It was published in JAMA and I’m going to pull up a couple choice … It was called “The Challenge of Reforming Nutritional Epidemiological Research.” And I’m going to read the first two sentences because they’re classic Ioannidis in how pithy and direct they are. It says, “Some nutrition scientists and much of the public often consider epidemiologic associations of nutritional factors to represent causal effects that can inform public health policy and guidelines. However, the emerging picture of nutritional epidemiology is difficult to reconcile with good scientific principles. The field needs radical reform.”

Zoë Harcombe:  Oh, I couldn’t agree more. I just couldn’t agree, I mean, I had the privilege of seeing John present at the Food for Thought conference in Zurich, which was arranged by the British Medical Journal and Swiss Re, a reinsurance company, and he gave the, I guess you’d call it the keynote, after-dinner speech by videoconference into the conference hall where we were in Zurich. And it was uncomfortable, shall we say, for some of the audience.

Chris Kresser:  I could imagine. In an audience full of nutritional epidemiologists, probably didn’t like what he had to say.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, largely. I mean, I sat near Nina Teicholz, and we were absolutely loving it. But I won’t mention any names, but a couple of nutritional epidemiologists did walk out.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, yeah, I’m not surprised. It’s hard to consider, and there are ways that nutritional epidemiology can be done better. We can have more advanced data collection methods and an application of Bradford Hill criteria, which you mentioned, to increase the chance that the relationship between variables is causal. But the way it is now … there’s another critique that I love by Archer and he says, “For results to be scientific, data must be, number one, independently observable. Number two, measurable. Number three, falsifiable, Number four, valid, and number five, reliable. And these criteria distinguish scientific research from mere data collection and pseudoscience.”

And when you look at nutritional epidemiology, they do not satisfy those basic criteria for science because they're relying on data collection methods like food frequency questionnaires, which are just a joke. I mean, they’ve been so thoroughly debunked as a reliable way of assessing what someone is eating. We know that human memory is not an accurate reproduction of past events. It’s just basically a highly edited anecdote regarding what we ate. And we know that these approaches that are used to assess what people are eating in these studies are really not accurate and not reliable and don't fulfill the basic criteria of science.

So, I mean, we could talk a lot more about the problems with epidemiology, but I think let's, given the time constraint, let's just go on and talk with those caveats, those huge caveats. What did the epidemiological evidence suggest if it had been included in the original analysis that you looked at and then also since then?

Zoë Harcombe:  So we covered in some depth at the time that essentially it was just the Seven Countries Study that found anything. None of the six studies found anything against total fat, and then just the Seven Countries Study alone found something against saturated fat. When you bring the epidemiology up to date, and I actually did it, I had to do it in a different way in the fourth part of the PhD because they didn’t have data on current epidemiology and total mortality or coronary heart disease mortality. So there was going to be nothing that I could actually update the original studies with.

So I had to look at different measures of looking at any relationship that I could find with deaths and total fat or deaths and saturated fat separately. Of course they’re not interventions anymore. So you are into just this epidemiological base of looking at the fat intake in different regions or in different studies. So it was slightly different to the other three that were looked at, and they were completely different studies, and probably studies therefore that are less well known to people. They were certainly less well known to me. So things like the Ireland-Boston study, Kushi, the US Health Professionals, Lipid Research study that’s very well known. The Pietinen Finnish counts study, a UK health survey by a couple of people called Boniface and Tefft. She’s not very well known, this new heart study, and then the Gardner Japanese study, which is probably not too badly known within the field. And when you separate it out, look in it, coronary heart disease deaths, so we couldn’t get the total mortality anymore.

But we could at least get the heart deaths and align those to either the total fat, where it was examined, or the saturated fat. There was, again, no significant difference for coronary heart disease deaths and total fat or saturated fat consumption. We were back to a limitation of the pooled studies from those seven that I’ve mentioned being almost entirely male. So 94 percent of the people involved in those studies were male. They were at least mostly healthy. Almost all of them had not already had a heart attack, but there was still no relationship for coronary heart disease deaths and total or saturated fat. So there was then a fifth paper that I published with the BJSM that wrapped up the four studies.

So it went through essentially what we’ve gone through now, which is, what did I do, looking at RCTs then, RCTs now, epidemiology then, epidemiology now? What was found? What wasn't found, which was far, far more. And then an era that I suggest we’ll probably be heading into quite soon was to put what I’d looked at in context of other meta-analyses that had been done. Because I’m a PhD researcher, I was not straight out of finishing my degree. But I’m still just a PhD researcher looking at this evidence fresh in a systematic way.

A number of other people have also looked at the data in this field either for mortality or for events or for interventions or for epidemiology. And I therefore wanted to look at what everybody else had done to say have I found something different. Has everybody found this? Because you have to do that. You can’t come to the end of your PhD and say, “I find if I might drop the toast buttered 100 times out of 100 it falls on the butter on the floor,” if everybody else has found more (audio cuts out 59:06) it doesn’t fall with the butter on the floor. You’ve got to put your own research in context.

Chris Kresser:  That’s another core principle of science. Shapiro, an epidemiologist, said, “We should never forget that good science is skeptical science, and science works by experiments that can be repeated. When they’re repeated they must give the same answer.” So this is another core principle. So what did you find when you looked at these other meta-analyses?

Zoë Harcombe:  So the main ones that were pulled together, and there’s a great table in the paper five, which is one from 2016. I think it's called “Dietary fat guidelines have no evidence base: Where next for public health nutritional advice?”

Chris Kresser:  That’s a pretty straightforward title.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, it is pretty straightforward, actually yeah.

Chris Kresser:  Not beating around the bush.

Zoë Harcombe:  They’re pretty good, actually. They help you with titles. So they come up with catchy ones.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  And I then went through, for example, I got the tape in front of me, so you’ve got Skeaff and Miller from 2009 who looked at RCTs and epidemiological studies. And they looked at mortality and events for total fat. You’ve got a fairly well-known study with Siri Tarino and colleagues from 2010 looking at epidemiology of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease. Mozaffarian, who I had the pleasure of meeting in Zurich over the summer, and his paper looking at just events, not mortality. We might come back to that one. And then of course you’ve got the two well-known Hooper studies, that’s the Cochrane research, which should be the gold standard, but we can take a bit of a better look at that one. And then you’ve got Schwing, Jacqueline, Hoffman from 2014, RCTs, and my own study. And then of course you’ve got the Chowdhury study that looked very interestingly at the four different types of fats, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, and they included trans fats in their research looking at coronary disease for both randomized controlled trials and epidemiological studies.

Chris Kresser:  Right, and I’d like to read the conclusion of that one: “Current evidence does not clearly support cardiovascular guidelines that encourage high consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids and low consumption of total saturated fats.”

Zoë Harcombe:  Here, here.

Chris Kresser:  So that was the Chowdhury, and then, so there were, I think, 39 total reports.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, 35 non-significant. And we don’t shout that often enough.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  If you stop—and I’ve done this for a Welsh TV program that I was working on—we went to Cardiff, which is the capital city of Wales, and we walked down the main street in Wales and we said to people, “What do you think about fat? What do you think about fruit?” And people would tell you, “We need to eat five a day and fat is bad for us.” So people have got the messages. But what we’re not telling them is when you actually look at all the evidence, 35 out of 39 results were non-significant. No findings. And that has to be the most significant thing that has been found, that we didn't find much. Why don’t we look at that more often? That’s so more powerful to me than the four findings. And if we just whiz through those. In the Chowdhury study that you mentioned, the one finding that they did make was against trans fats, and I don’t think you or I would give them any argument over that one.

Chris Kresser:  No.

Zoë Harcombe:  Mozaffarian, I really liked him in Zurich. But I was involved in a paper that critiqued his 2010 study which said, “You should replace saturated fats and polyunsaturated fats because there’s an impact on CHD events.” And our paper criticized that paper for excluding two studies that were not favorable to polyunsaturated fats, which was the Rose corn oil study and also the Sydney Diet Heart Study. And including, and it’s all bad studies, the Finnish Mental Hospital Study, which was not randomized, not controlled, crossover trial. I mean, just the worst possible trial to try and slip in to pretend it’s an RCT. So we critiqued that paper. I like to think he wouldn't publish that paper if he had the opportunity tomorrow. I can't speak for him, that wasn't right.

And that’s, of course, exactly what the Sax paper did last year, the American Heart Association paper. Again left out two unfavorable studies, the same two. Included the Finnish Mental Hospital Study, they shouldn't have done. And so basically, there were only two findings, and they boil down to one because it was the same research team, Hooper and the Cochrane team, working out of the east of England in the UK. One paper was from 2011 and the other was from 2015. And among 11 known findings for CVD, mortality, total mortality by modified fat, reduced fat, any kind of variation of fat, the only finding they could come up with was for CVD events when they looked at all RCTs for saturated fat reduction intervention. And we can get into that.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, I mean, I think we can stop here at least in terms of the actual studies because it's, just to review what we've discussed, the randomized controlled trials that have been done since the late 1970s to today have not supported the idea that saturated fat increases the risk of death from heart disease, or any cause. The epidemiological evidence that has been done throughout that period does not support that hypothesis either. And even if it did, we'd still have all of the issues that epidemiological research, that make it problematic, like the healthy user bias and inaccurate methods of data collection, small risk ratios.

We talked about that earlier, how the increase in relative risk is so low that it doesn't really meet the threshold for assuming a causal relationship in any kind of epidemiology outside of nutrition, and even in nutrition 20 or 30 years ago. Other people who've meta-analyzed these data have come to a similar, if not the same, conclusion as you did in your research and your PhD thesis. And I just want to highlight something that you said about how the Finnish study, which is really not a good study at all, has been included in a number of analyses. And you might wonder why that would happen if the researcher is aware of its limitations and that it's not a valid study to draw any inferences from on this topic, why would it be included?

And again I’d like to turn to a John Ioannidis quote, and he says, “Consequently, meta-analyses become weighted averages of expert opinions. In an inverse sequence, instead of carefully conducting primary studies informing guidelines, expert-driven guidelines shaped by advocates dictate what primary studies should report.”

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  Doesn’t that sum it up?

Zoë Harcombe:  He’s so brilliant, isn’t he?

Chris Kresser:  So in other words, we start out with, the way that science should proceed is by doing experiments, and then if any guidelines are made, to make them based on these objective experiments. But the way it actually happens, a lot is we start out with a certain agenda and then we design studies that will return results that support that agenda. And anyone who's worked with data in any capacity knows how easy that is to do.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  And it's not even conscious all the time. This is where confirmation bias comes in. It’s very difficult to guard against. I have to, and I’m not 100 percent, I’m not saying I’m 100 percent successful. But I can watch even myself. If I go and look for research on a particular topic and I have a certain idea, it's very easy to just skip the studies that don't support that idea. And that happens among scientists. It's a real cognitive bias that is very difficult to guard against. And I think it has a huge effect on research.

Here's another quote, this is from Casazza: “Confirmation bias may prevent us from seeking data that might refute propositions we have already intuitively accepted as true, because they seem obvious. For example, the value of realistic weight loss goals. Moreover, we may be swayed by persuasive yet fallacious arguments.” So again I come back to psychology. It's a real … we’re human beings doing this work, right? All researchers and scientists are not infallible. They’re human beings as well. Many of them have their own ideas and preferences about diet and nutrition. They’ve been influenced by many of the same things that we as laypeople or myself have been influenced by. And it really, really does affect the outcomes of this research.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, yeah. I would agree with you. I mean I went in with a vegetarian, fat is bad, carbs are good bias. I am aware that I was so shocked by the things that I found when I started researching in this field, even before the PhD, you do then get quite skeptical and quite angry. And I now almost trust nothing. So every week I’m taking a paper from any kind of field, though mostly typically nutrition, and the low-carb study was one that I did recently, and then there was a weight loss drug that came out. And then I looked at red meat, the evidence because that was topical for something. And when I’m going in, I just assume that there’s going to be errors, and I’ve yet to find a published paper that doesn’t have something that you can point out as being really quite seriously wrong or disingenuous or open to interpretation.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  I mean it’s really shocking. I saw on Twitter just a couple of days ago a guy, an academic, got so fed up with all the emails that you do get saying, “Oh, I really enjoyed this paper. Please can you write some papers for us.” Because papers are big spinners for the journals. He got so fed up with all these spam emails that he made up a complete nonsense study using Latin words that made something look really impressive, but it was basically saying something like, “If you do this with excrement, this happens.” I mean it was just, it really was, he was really taking the mickey and it got through peer review and he put it on Twitter. And he said, “I’m delighted to say that my complete nonsense article has just been published by this complete nonsense journal.”

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, and I’ve heard other experiments like that that have been done where a lot of stuff like that has made it through peer review. And there have been a lot of critiques of peer review and why it’s broken and the links to the money in the research industry. Marcia Angell, who I mentioned earlier, in the context of the relative risk who was the former editor of New England Journal of Medicine, has famously said that some, I’m going to paraphrase, but “I now no longer think we can believe any published research,” is basically what she said.

So yeah, I mean, I think it doesn't mean that research is not valuable. It doesn't mean that we have to just become, I think you can go too far with this where we just say, “Oh, forget it. There’s no point in even trying. Let’s just discount all research equally.” Because there are differences in the quality of research and there are still studies that are done well even if they're not done perfectly. And it's the best tool that we have, that we’ve discovered today to try to answer some of these questions, at least on a population-wide scale.

 Conclusions about Saturated Fat

So I want to close by just kind of going through some conclusions here. One, we’ve talked throughout that the evidence against total saturated fat is incredibly weak, if not nonexistent. But something we touched on briefly but I want to highlight here is that even if saturated fat were harmful, you have to consider the source of it in the diet. Get away from this reductionist approach where we think that saturated fat coming in different forms is going to have the identical effect. Because we don’t eat nutrients. We eat foods that have nutrients in them.

 And I love how in your paper you pointed out that pizza, desserts, candy, potato chips, pasta, tortillas, burritos, and tacos accounted for 33 percent of saturated fat consumed in the diets of US citizens. A further 24.5 percent was unaccounted for and collated as “all other food categories,” which is almost certainly processed food. And so as a result, only 43 percent of saturated fat came from natural foods like dairy products, nuts and seeds, and burgers and sausages. Although I'm guessing that the burgers and sausages had highly processed buns and sugary ketchup and other stuff on them too. So how can we even look at those things as being anywhere remotely similar, much less the same?

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah. I mean I actually took out the processed meat in that section. So I got the natural foods listed down to cheese, nut butter, nuts, and seeds. And collectively together they accounted for 20.8 percent of saturated fat intake. But then I actually made the point it would’ve been ideal for the unprocessed chicken, beef, and eggs to have been separated from the processed meals because they always just lump them together. And they will always put, whenever there’s a study damning red meat, particularly in the US, it will always include hamburgers, which they are very firmly processed food in the UK, but for some reason seems to be considered as some sort of Paleo food in America.

Chris Kresser:  Right, right.

Zoë Harcombe:  And meat-type dishes, or something, which might be a curry.

Chris Kresser:  KFC.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, exactly, Kentucky Fried Chicken.

Chris Kresser:  That’s the way most people eat chicken, KFC or chicken nuggets at McDonald’s. There’s your chicken.

Zoë Harcombe:  Absolutely, yeah. Or maybe a curry takeaway ready meal that you pop in the microwave and if it's got a couple of percent of meat in it, you’ve done well. You bought a more expensive one than the average, which doesn’t even bother putting the meat in.

Chris Kresser:  I mean, I’m … yeah, go ahead.

Zoë Harcombe:  No, and that’s the crazy thing because I want us to be able to have heated agreement. I don’t want to be fighting anyone out there. The whole world is much better if we get on and we’re in harmony than when we’re fighting over anything, whether that’s territory or politics or nutrition or anything else. So I would love for us to find a way forward. And I think there could be a way forward by saying, “Guys, can we have a heated agreement that we can demonize processed food?”

And I know there’s industry conflicts all over the place and we have to expose the industry conflicts with the guidelines set in committee in the UK, they are completely dominated by the processed food industry and grocery retail. I mean, it’s just horrific. If somehow we could get the conflicts out of setting health guidelines, which please, for goodness’ sake, must be objective. We must tell people honestly what is healthy. Not tell them what the food industry wants them to believe is healthy. That’s got to be step one.

Chris Kresser:  Absolutely.

Zoë Harcombe:  If we can get all of that nonsense out, surely then we could agree that real food has got to be better than processed food. And there might be some debate what’s real food. But if it’s found in a field, it’s found growing on a tree, it’s found in the natural environment … I said to my niece when she was five years old, fish swim in sea, fish fingers don’t. Breaded fish.

Chris Kresser:  If it comes in a bag or box, you probably shouldn’t be eating it.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  I mean, of course, there are exceptions. Butter usually comes in a box, but yeah, that’s a general guideline, right?

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, we know what real food is. It’s the best-quality meat, eggs, dairy products, fish you can get a hold of, it’s vegetables, seeds, nuts, fruits in season. There will be some debate over legumes and whole grains and how recently they’ve been part of our consideration set, and I agree with your point, there’s not one diet fits all because some people just cannot tolerate grains and legumes and fibrous products, suffering from irritable bowel syndrome or celiac or other digestive conditions. But somewhere within that real food, total consideration set, surely we ought to be able to set some principles that people can follow that are not based on advice from the processed food industry.

Chris Kresser:  Absolutely, and I mean, I've said this so many times that Sean Croxton, who used to write in the health space, he came up with a diet advice that was JERF, he called it. J-E-R-F, just eat real food, which is, like, look, okay, we can debate about is it better, like you said, whole grains or legumes, in or out, saturated fat higher or lower, carbs higher or lower within this context of a whole-foods diet. But is there any doubt that if everyone ate real foods, we would decrease the burden of chronic disease and early mortality by something like 60 to 80 percent? I mean, I have no doubt of that.

And that’s again where this reductionist focus on nutrients completely isolated from the context of the foods that they come in has been such a disservice. Because imagine if we spent the last 30 or 40 years just hammering home the message that eating real, whole, nutrient-dense foods is really, like, if you want to simplify it for public health, like, that's the message. Don't even worry about those other finer points. And we would not, well there's a whole other discussion about whether people will actually follow that advice if you give it to them and given the influence of our brains with highly rewarding and palatable foods in the food industry and all of that. But there's no doubt that if people really did follow that advice, we probably wouldn't even be having this discussion right now.

The other thing about that is it is possible at least in theory to, like, if we really wanted to answer the question of is saturated fat harmful, the way we would need to do that is we would need to take two groups and they would both have to have the same baseline healthy diet that we’re talking about. Just eating real, whole foods, right? And then in one group, they would eat more saturated fat. And then we would, this is to be a randomized controlled trial, we’d lock them up in a metabolic ward so that we could control all of the variables that we know can influence health, or at least most of them, and then we’d follow them for about 15 or 20 years and see what happens. And the problem is that's never going to be done. I mean, that study would be hundreds of millions of dollars, if not billions, and no, Coca-Cola's not going to pay for it, right? I mean none of the, no drug company is going to pay for that study. So unfortunately, that study is unlikely to ever happen.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, but “just eat real food” would work as a message until.

Chris Kresser:  Exactly.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah.

Chris Kresser:  Just eat real food, and then we can use other mechanistic studies and other lines of evidence and maybe even shorter trials to try to answer some of the finer points. And those trials should also include individual, should also pay attention to individual factors or genetic or non-genetic factors that might bear on the answer to that question, so that we don't then extrapolate the findings to everybody instead of just one group of people, for example. We know there are genetic polymorphisms that make some people hyper-responders to saturated fat and that can lead to an increase in LDL particle number. And the clinical significance of that is still controversial and debatable. But we know pretty certainly that that does happen.

So, but then if you were to extrapolate those results to someone that didn't have those genetic polymorphisms, that would not be a valid inference. So yeah, it’s just disappointing that, I mean, we know this and yet we still go on doing the same things over and over again. And I have to throw in one last Ioannidis quote which—from that more recent, or I think from one of his previous papers, and I'm going to paraphrase this one because I don't, let me see if I can find it—yeah, “Definitive solutions won’t come from another million observational papers or small randomized trials.” In other words, that was from a paper he wrote called “Implausible Results in Human Nutrition Research.” So in other words, doing the same thing over and over and expecting a different result is the definition of insanity, right?

Zoë Harcombe:  Absolutely.

Chris Kresser:  So, Zoë, thank you so much for joining me, and I know we went a little long, everybody, but I hope you enjoyed it and got a lot out of it. And I just, I wanted to have one podcast that we could direct people to to really answer this question and look at all the evidence on saturated fat in particular and its relationship with mortality and heart disease mortality. And I think we didn't cover everything, but I think we did a pretty good job of getting the most of it out there. So thank you so much.

Zoë Harcombe:  Oh, thank you. Can I just add one thing, because I think we just about completely nailed everything.

Chris Kresser:  Please, of course. Yeah.

Zoë Harcombe:  When we ran through the 39 results and found that only four were significant, and we dismissed Mozaffarian and we agreed with Chowdhury, and then the two Hooper results, which were just on the CBD events, we can actually put those to bed as well because aside from the fact that they’re events and they’re not mortality and we both agree that mortality is best, the thing that you have to then look at is why did Hooper find something different to all the other people? And when I went in detail, Hooper had actually managed to include four studies which involved only 646 people that were not about cardiovascular disease. And she’d asked the study authors if they happened to have data on cardiovascular disease events. So this was non-peer-reviewed data. That was the first thing.

When, and I owe Dr. Trudi Deakin in the UK, I always credit her for this finding, she spotted in the Hooper paper that when Hooper actually did as she should do, the sensitivity test on that one single finding, it was no longer significant. So the test that had to be done was not just which studies intended to reduce saturated fat or which studies actually did reduce saturated fat.

Chris Kresser:  A key distinction there.

Zoë Harcombe:  That’s really, really important, yeah. So Trudi looked at this and found that it is declared in the paper, but it’s tucked away on sort of page 158, or something.

Chris Kresser:  Right.

Zoë Harcombe:  That when the ones that were tested did actually reduce saturated fat only were included, there was no statistical significance and it was not generalizable because again in the whole of the evidence that was looked at by Hooper in either of those two papers, there was no single study of healthy men and women. But I think sensitivity tests apart from non-peer-reviewed data and apart from events, I think we can actually put that one to bed as well. So when you do that, because that’s the one that the other sites still try to hang onto. That’s the one that came up in the Professor Noakes trial when that’s down there for him as an expert witness. They tried to wave that in front of us and said, “Oh, see saturated fat is bad.”

Chris Kresser:  Right.

Zoë Harcombe:  So we hit them back with an, “Oh, no it isn’t.”

Chris Kresser:  What’s the data?

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, we kind of went in on the data. So there just is no evidence, and knowing the facts about fat, it would make no sense if there were.

Chris Kresser:  Exactly. And that reminds me of the recent low-carb study which you and I both critiqued on our blogs. It wasn’t a low-carb study. The people were eating something like 40 percent of calories is carbohydrate, not to mention the fact that they reported a calorie intake that was basically at starvation level, which would invalidate the entire data set. So you don't even need to go any further. I mean we did, but, like, that would've been enough, right? And all it takes is one major error like that, and it casts doubt on the entire data set and makes any kind of inferences that you would draw from it invalid. And I don't think people understand that enough.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, I think critiques, I think the word you used there was quite polite. Actually, I think we both annihilated that study.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, well it was.

Zoë Harcombe:  And a few other people as well, Nina Teicholz and Georgia Ede.

Chris Kresser:  Several, yeah. I mean, it was frankly like shooting fish in a barrel.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yeah, it wasn’t hard, that one, was it?

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, it was not hard. I’m just actually kind of shocked that that kind of study makes it through peer review and gets published, given all of those issues. So anyways, yes, thank you so much for doing all of the work that you do, Zoë. It’s such a pleasure to meet you, virtually, at least, and to be able to really just concisely and comprehensively go through all of these deficiencies in the evidence and to just make it clear for people that this, despite the fact that they've heard this probably for 30 or 40 years, depending on how old they are, and despite the fact that it still forms the basis of our dietary guidelines, there really is no evidence to support it.

Zoë Harcombe:  Yep.

Chris Kresser:  Fantastic. Well, where can people find more about your work, Zoë?

Zoë Harcombe:  Just ZoeHarcombe.com. So my surname is H-a-r-c-o-m-b-e. So that’s ZoeHarcombe.com. And as I say, I blog every week. That’s my sort of business model. So if anyone wants to sign up and get the newsletter, there is lots of stuff on open view. But if you do that, then you support what I do and you help me to stay independent because I don’t take any money from anyone for anything in any circumstance.

Chris Kresser:  Key. Absolutely.

Zoë Harcombe:  I just work away and come up with what I want to find. And I know some people are on the email list who are quite fans of whole grains, for example. And I know every time I write a newsletter saying I looked at this whole grains study and it really didn’t stack up, I know that I’m upsetting some people who are subscribing, but I have to go with where the evidence takes me and I have to report as I find. So that’s what I do.

Chris Kresser:  Yeah, yeah. I’m disappointing my readers all the time with my opinions and it’s important, I think, to stay true to what the data is showing and be as objective as possible about it. You’re one of the few people that I do follow regularly. I love reading your stuff, so everyone who’s listening to this, go check out the blog. It’s one of the most thorough and insightful sources on all of these topics that we discussed today.

And Zoë, we didn’t get a chance to go into much detail on red meat above and beyond its saturated fat content, which as we know is less than its polyunsaturated fat content. But Zoë has recently tackled that, the evidence behind red meat being associated with high risk of heart disease and death. And i'd really recommend checking that out too, because that's another persistent myth that continues to this day.

Zoë Harcombe:  Indeed.

Chris Kresser:  Okay, everybody, thanks for listening. Continue to send in your questions at chriskresser.com/podcastquestion, and we’ll talk to you next time.

The post RHR: The Truth about Saturated Fat, with Zoё Harcombe appeared first on Chris Kresser.

Source: http://chriskresser.com September 25, 2018 at 07:12PM

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HEKATE AND AUGUST, CELEBRATING THE HARVEST, THE STORMS, WITCHCRAFT, KEYS, AND CHILDREN

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Get newsletters and updates Toggle navigation PAGAN Hekate and August: Celebrating The Harvest, Storms, Witchcraft, Keys, and Children

JULY 30, 2018 BY CYNDI BRANNEN

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There is a multitude of Hekatean celebrations during August. We can celebrate her connections with the harvest, witches, storms, keys, and children during this month. Here’s a summary of each of them with suggestions for practices and rituals. 

  Hekate and the First Harvest

“But, again, the moon is Hecate, the symbol of her varying phases and of her power dependent on the phases. Wherefore her power appears in three forms, having as symbol of the new moon the figure in the white robe and golden sandals, and torches lighted: the basket, which she bears when she has mounted high, is the symbol of the cultivation of the crops, which she makes to grow up according to the increase of her light: and again the symbol of the full moon is the goddess of the brazen sandals.”

–  Praeparatio Evangelico

There are many goddesses who are primarily associated with agriculture, such as Demeter (I’m writing an article about her for the Fall Equinox). However, Hekate is not dissociated from crops either in history or in modern practice. I’ve included the above quote from an early anti-pagan treatise as an example of the many passages in the ancient texts connecting Hekate to crops and harvests.  I’m a bit obsessed with all the delicious tidbits for practice in Eusibius’ text. It’s public domain, so check it out if you are so inclined. Here’s another example connecting Hekate to the harvest:

And upon those who work the bright, storm-tossed sea and pray to Hecate and the loud sounding Earth-shaker, the illustrious goddess easily bestows a big haul of fish, and easily she takes it away once it has been seen, if she so wishes in her spirit. – Hesiod’s Theogeny

This quote, to me, reflects Hekate and the First Harvest: she bestows it and can also prevent it or destroy it. This quote connects to the other celebrations this month (more on that later).

Honoring Hekate on The First Harvest Correspondences/Offerings: Local produce, especially grain and garlic, roses and other local flowers. Honey and/or beeswax candles have been associated with Hekate since the early days of her cult.

NOTE: There is no ancient epithet specific to Hekate and the harvest. Ekdotis means bestower which could certainly be appropriate as an honorific to her in conjunction with personal prosperity and the bounty of the land. The earlier quote from Hesiod could be recited and The Orphic Hymn to Hekate is especially apropos for harvest rituals.

Meal: Local produce and fresh fish if possible, prepared with plants from her ancient garden such as sage, saffron, bay laurel, and garlic. Olive oil is the appropriate fat.

Practice: Consider adding a daily gratitude practice to your Witches’ Hour of Power starting at the beginning of August. I’ve written a First Harvest article with practice tips and a ritual that can you find here. Another thing I will do is honor Hekate as the World Soul since it is her fiery energy of creation that is so abundant this time of the year. You can read one version of this ritual here, just adapt it to the First Harvest. This is an excerpt:

Mighty Hekate, Soul of the World, Like Your serpent, I am an agent of creation. As the dragon, I breathe Your fire with my words. My fears turn to ash through Your sacred alchemy.

Mighty Hekate, Soul of the World, May You be woven into my very being. Your colors of black, white and red Becoming my essential fire.

Hekate and Storms Hekate’s Night is observed on August 13. It’s also celebrated as Night of Hekate as Goddess of Witches (below). The quote above from Hesiod firmly connects her with the harvest and storms. These two aspects reflect Hekate’s powers of creation and destruction, both necessary part of the life cycle, including our own.

I’ve always associated Hekate with storms because I erroneously interpreted her epithet of Brimo as connected to the weather. Since I made this mistake years ago, Hekate has become associated with storms and with this night by many others. I also discovered Hesiod’s take on Hekate which is so similar to my own. After dark on August 13, I recommend that you pay your respects to Hekate as the Storm Bringer. You can perform a simple ritual that honors Her for seeing you through the storms of life and seek her guidance for the future ones. If this date happens to be close to the day of Hekate as Guardian of the Children, you can perform a two-fold ritual. In 2018, this night happens to fall close to the Dark Moon, the time when many modern Hekateans honor her as part of their monthly activities, so the events can easily be combined.

Honoring Hekate as Brimo I wrote about Hekate as Brimo, her stormy side, that may inspire you for practice and ritual ideas. You can read it here. This is an excerpt:

Hail Hekate Brimo, Hail Hekate The Fierce, Hail Hekate The Terrifying. May I be prepared for the storms of life, May I honor You through my actions, May I learn from your gifts. Guide me through life’s storms.

Hekate as the Witches’ Goddess The Night of Hekate is also interpreted as a celebration of Hekate as the Goddess of Witchcraft by some modern traditions and practitioners. Since the Deipnon is near the 13th in 2018, it’s suitable to perform a ritual specific to this aspect of Hekate.

Honoring Hekate as Goddess of Witchcraft I suggest making a list of all of your witchy abilities and offering gratitude to Hekate for them. Witch it up all the way with a chthonic (Under World) altar, loads of black and midnight wandering along sea cliffs with your coven or friends while carrying torches. The torches are very important. One time we almost ended up making ourselves oceanic offerings. My Witches’ Prayer to Hekate may inspire you. Feel free to use it as you will. Save it in your Book of Shadows if you like. The full text can be found here.

Mighty Hekate, Queen of the Witches, You have bestowed upon me the power of the Witch. Through the gifts of  Your sacred keys, I am the walker between the worlds, The spinner of the web of fate, The knower of Your secrets, The student of Your mysteries, The giver of Your healing. – from “A Witch’s Prayer to Hekate”

You can also connect to her two most famous witches, Medea and Kirke. Click on their names to read my review of their stories, correspondences and suggestions for practice.

Hekate as Keeper of the Keys All summer long, I celebrate Hekate as Keeper of the Keys of all creation and also as the symbolic key holder for all the gates and crossroads in my life. Not that she isn’t Kleidoukhos the rest of the year, but there is something about the bounty in the land during this season that reminds me of her in this capacity. I wrote more about this in my article on Hekate and the Summer Solstice.

Honoring Hekate as Kleidoukhos The three previous celebrations all honor different but connected aspects of Hekate. One way to combine them is by honoring her as Kleidoukhos, Universal Key Holder and Gatekeeper. Since Hekate as associated most strongly with the number three, a ritual involving a key each for harvests, storms and witchery would be fantastic. I am hosting an event on the Keeping Her Keys Facebook page for everyone interested in celebrating her in this way. The idea is to select roles of Hekate that you feel most closely connected with rather than any prescribed set of ones. I wanted to celebrate the diversity of the ways us Hekateans experience her rather than having a rigid format. Find the event here. Read the Ritual of Hekate of The Nine Keys here.

Hekate as Guardian of Children “There were three dates set aside to honor Hekate as Kourotrophos, Guardian of Children. Those dates correspond to specific phases of the moon cycle. While the ancient calendar is a bit tricky to interpret using our modern one, the dates can be estimated. The days were held on the 27th day of the January-February moon cycle, the third day of June-July moon cycle and the 16th day of August-September moon cycle. You can work with Hekate as the Guardian of Children on any of these dates. A suitable ritual that includes thanking Hekate for the children in your life and seeking her blessing over them is appropriate. In the Wheel of the Year, Hekate as Kourotrophos is honored during the August-September moon cycle with a ritual, although you can work with Hekate in this capacity any time you feel led.” – from Keeping Her Keys: An Introduction to Hekate’s Modern Witchcraft available for pre-order. 

Honoring Hekate as Kourotrophos Practice and Ritual: I have an entire article dedicated to Hekate as Guardian of Children, including a ritual: http://admin.patheos.com/blogs/keepingherkeys/2018/06/hekate-guardian-of-the-children-ritual-of-blessing-protection-and-rescue/

I always do a special ritual for my sons, their classmates and all children the day they return to school which is conveniently around the same time as the ancient dates for this festival.

Celebrate The Bounty of Hekate, the Land and Your Life I am a big fan of August, but I say that about every month. Personally, the beginning of August this year marks the 10th anniversary of the first time I led a big Hekatean ritual. You can read the story here and perhaps incorporate the evocation of Hekate that was first performed that evening. The current version can be found here. It warms my witch’s heart to hear how others have used this in their own workings. However you celebrate Hekate, the land and your own life this month, I wish you bounty in all things.

Join Us All month we are celebrating Hekate in The Witches’ Realm, including my study group on Modern Hekatean Witchcraft, events and more. You can apply to join on the main Keeping Her Keys Facebook page.

TAGGED WITH: AUGUST BRIMO CHILDREN ...MORE   by Taboola Sponsored Links You May Like Considering an SUV? These Are the 10 Most Fuel Efficient Kelley Blue Book Vet Brings Home Baby Deer With A Missing Leg Only To Discover That He's Not Everything He Seems Honest To Paws Here’s Why Guys Are Obsessed With This Underwear… The Weekly Brief | Mack Weldon

ABOUT CYNDI Cyndi Brannen is a witch and spiritual teacher living the coastal life in rural Nova Scotia. She is a trained energetic healer, psychic and herbalist. Merging together her training in shamanism, Tarot, past life work, meditation and her twenty year career as a psychologist, she teaches and writes about better living through witchcraft. She founded Open Circle about a decade ago which now offers online courses, including The Sacred Seven: A Course in Applied Modern Witchcraft. She has written the forthcoming Keeping Her Keys: An Introduction to Hekate’s Modern Witchcraft. Hekate’s Modern Witchcraft: The First Key is a year-and-a-day course that will start November 1. More info at keepingherkeys.com You can read more about the author here. PREVIOUS POST

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[bananaipindia]

WIPO gears up to appoint its 5th Director General, IP5 discuss New Emerging Technologies and Artificial Intelligence and other patent news

New Post has been published on https://www.bananaip.com/ip-news-center/wipo-gears-up-to-appoint-its-5th-director-general-ip5-discuss-new-emerging-technologies-and-artificial-intelligence-and-other-patent-news/

WIPO gears up to appoint its 5th Director General, IP5 discuss New Emerging Technologies and Artificial Intelligence and other patent news

In this week’s Patent News – Citrix and VMware to settle patent dispute; Michelin sues American tire manufacturer for patent infringement of BFGoodrich tread; Hitachi joins WIPO GREEN program as Contributing Partner; Apple, Microsoft, BMW and several others urge EU Commissioner to keep patent trolls in check; WIPO gears up to appoint its 5th Director General; IP5 hold inaugural meeting of joint Task Force on New Emerging Technologies and Artificial Intelligence; IBM joins LOT Network to fight PAE’s; IBM beats own record, receives highest number of Patent Grants for 27th consecutive year and other patent news updates.

Patent Disputes / Infringements / Settlements / Licensing

Citrix and VMware to settle patent dispute

American software major Citrix and California based software MNC – VMware have agreed to settle the patent dispute between the two companies relating to the VMW-acquired Avi Networks. The decision to settle the dispute comes after Citrix announced wanting to end the suit, citing the friendlier relationship with VMware. Citrix is reportedly dropping the infringement claims without prejudice and its charges of unfair competition and false advertising with prejudice. The settlement agreement however still needs to be approved in the federal court.

Michelin sues American tire manufacturer for patent infringement of BFGoodrich tread

Tire manufacturing giant Michelin has filed a lawsuit in the US District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Houston division against Tri-Ace Wheel & Tire Corporation and its Black Bear USA affiliate, a company based in Houston, Texas, for importing and selling a Chinese counterfeit tire that violates patent protections for the BFGoodrich All-Terrain T/A KO2.

In its complaint, Michelin has alleged that  the Black Bear All-Terrain II tire from Tri-Ace features a virtually identical tread design with substantially the same features as those protected by patents for the All-Terrain T/A KO2.

Source: Tire technology International

International Patent News

Hitachi joins WIPO GREEN program as Contributing Partner

On 17th January 2020, Hitachi. Ltd., announced that the company has joined WIPO GREEN as a Contributing Partner. According to Hitachi’s 2021 Midterm Management Plan, the company has framed a new IP concept called “IP for Society.” Hitachi’s decision to join WIPO GREEN is fired by the drive to realize this concept and to make a contribution to improve the environment. As per reports, Hitachi will make efforts to promote IP management strategy to increase Social Innovation Business and achieve the goals set in the 2021 plan.

WIPO Green was established in 2013 to support Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s) by using IP to disseminate environmentally friendly technologies. It acts as a platform to connect owners of new environmentally friendly technologies with potential individuals or companies looking to commercialize green technology.

Apple, Microsoft, BMW and several others urge EU Commissioner to keep patent trolls in check

Apple, Microsoft, BMW and about 32 other companies along with four industry groups, have reportedly written to the EU Commissioner for Technology and Industrial Policy, Thierry Breton, to frame new rules and regulations in order to keep patent trolls in check. The companies have demanded a regulation system that will prohibit patent trolls from “gaming the system.” They have also asked the EU Courts to pass orders that are less unforgiving as some Judges have previously issued orders that ban products across multiple countries even when a single patent has been infringed. According to the companies, if EU Courts were to continue to frequently ban products due to the infringement of a single patent, it would deter companies from negotiating and reaching a settlement.

WIPO gears up to appoint its 5th Director General

The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is preparing to appoint its new Director General who will begin to dispense the responsibilities of the office from the month of September, this year. The current Director General, Francis Gurry will retire in the same month after having consecutively served two six-year terms. The new Director will be selected by the WIPO Coordination Committee after several rounds of voting and consultations. The name of the 5th Director General will be announced on 6th March 2020 before the official appointment in the month of September.

The following list provides the names of the candidates proposed by their respective governments for the position of the Director General of WIPO in 2020 –

Saule Tlevlessova – Proposed by the Republic of Kazakhstan

Daren Tang – Proposed by the Republic of Singapore

KenichiroNatsume – Proposed by Japan

Wang Binying – People’s Republic of China

Edward Kwakwa – Proposed by Ghana

Marco Matías Alemán – Proposed by Colombia

Dámaso Pardo – Proposed by Argentina

Professor Adebambo Adewopo – Proposed by Federal Republic of Nigeria

Ivo Gagliuffi Piercechi –Proposed by Peru

Jüri Seilenthal – Proposed by Estonia

IP5 hold inaugural meeting of joint Task Force on New Emerging Technologies and Artificial Intelligence

The European Patent Office (EPO) and the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO) jointly organized the inaugural meeting of the joint Task Force on New Emerging Technologies and Artificial Intelligence of the five largest Patent Offices in the world, the IP5. The meeting was held on 15th and 16th of January 2020 at the new Patent Office established by the EPO in Berlin. Over 30 experts from the legal department, patent examination division and the IT department of the IP5 offices were present at the meeting. The participants discussed the developments of work in field of AI and other emerging technologies in their respective offices as well as the collective application of AI in their working group. A list of possible areas in which the IP5 could improve cooperation was also laid out. You may click here to access the Summary report of the meeting.

IP5 Patent Offices comprise of the EPO, the Japan Patent Office (JPO), the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO), the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) and United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The IP5 are said to collectively handle about 85% of the world’s patent applications. 

IBM joins LOT Network to fight PAE’s

In an effort to safeguard itself from Patent Assertion Entities (PAEs), IBM made an announcement that the company has joined the LOT Network Inc. The company’s entry into the LOT network brings protection to over 80,000 patents as well as patent applications.

The LOT Network currently holds over 2 million patent assets. If any one of these assets were to reach the hands of a PAE, all members of the Network will receive a license to the concerned patent. This in-turn negates the authority of the PAE to claim damages by instituting patent infringement lawsuits against its members.

IBM beats own record, receives highest number of Patent Grants for 27th consecutive year

As per the findings of the data curated by IFI Claims, a company that tracks patent activity in the U.S.A, IBM has once again secured the highest number of Patent Grants in US in 2019, for the 27th consecutive year. According to the data made public, IBM secured 9,100 patent grants in 2018 and 9,262 grants in 2019, thereby beating its own previous record by 2%. Samsung Electronics Co Ltd. and Canon Inc., have secured the second and third position, by receiving 6,468 and 3,548 patent grants, respectively. Further, the USPTO itself set a new record by granting 333,530 patents in 2019, representing an increase of about 15% compared to the preceding year. In addition to the list of patent grants, IFI Claims also released a list of the top 250 companies that hold the highest number of active patents, globally. According to this data, Samsung Electronics Co Ltd. pushed IBM to the second position by holding 76,638 active families while the latter currently holds 37,304 patent families.

You may click here to access the list of top 50 US Patent Assignees and here for list of top 250 Global Patent holders.

Authored and Compiled by Vibha Amarnath

About BIP’s Patent Attorneys

The patent news bulletin is brought to you by the patent division of BananaIP Counsels, a top patent and IP firm in India. Led by Senior Partners, Somashekar Ramakrishna, Nitin Nair and Vinita Radhakrishnan, BIP’s Patent Attorneys are among the leading patent practitioners in the country. They work with clients such as Mahindra and Mahindra, Samsung, HCL, Eureka Forbes, to name a few. The patent attorneys at BIP have strong technical and legal expertise in areas such as IT/Software, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning, Data Analytics, Electronics and Telecommunication, Mechanical, Automotive, Green Energy, Traditional Medicine and Bio/Pharma domains. The firm is a first choice for clients looking for support in patent filing, prosecution, management and strategy in India, and across the world.

This weekly patent news bulletin is a part of their pro bono work, and is aimed at spreading patent awareness. You are free to share the news with appropriate attribution and backlink to the source.

If you have any questions, or need any clarifications, please feel free to write to contact@bananaip.com

Disclaimer: Kindly note that the news bulletin has been put together from different sources, primary and secondary, and BananaIP’s reporters may not have verified all the news published in the bulletin. You may write to contact@bananaip.com for corrections and take down.

[callan-joy]

2020, look out! it’s me, ya girl.

welcome to my official blog!

My name is ATHENA and I thank you for finding this page. Here’s some stuff about me.  ALL OF MY SOCIAL MEDIA: https://allmylinks.com/theathenaj Updated as of August 2020:

Be for warned, this is the nitty gritty ---

It’s taken me almost two 2 years but finally I am able to feel confident in the fact that I am a writer. I’ve been interested in writing mainly from the encouragement of my mother since I was about 13/14. The “arts” was something that was focused on about 98% in my household: Turner Classic Movies, true crime novels & investigative shows, classic literature, music, art history and more. I think Tumblr was one of the first sources of that culture I could get from the bubble of growing up (I did travel back and forth from Phoenix to Sedona) in small town Cottonwood, Arizona. I was born in River Falls, Wisconsin originally though!

While dealing with abuse from my father, mostly from after my parents divorced and I had to live alone with him for a time, it took a very long time before I felt confident in anything I did. Being an only child, I really only had myself.

It started at the end of 2018, I took a step into shaping my skills and intentions with writing. After a few shots of whiskey, trying not to collapse from nervousness, I read a story in front of a group of people in a dimly-lit, tiny comic book store. It went overwhelmingly well. People came up and thanked me. It felt...strange to have the compliments. Almost foreign. Another event later on Valentines Day 2019, feeling warm with red wine, I read a poem. Another round of people smiling and congratulating me. It’s weird when your passion is appreciated and I still have trouble with it when I do speak in front of people or share something I’ve created. 

Mental illness is something I do talk quite a bit about but it’s because it is part of who I am as a person which I’ve come to accept (mainly through therapy.) It bleeds into my creativity and how I manage it. 

Around July of 2018, I began seeing a therapist when I was first diagnosed with PTSD, anxiety and depression. I had been struggling with these issues for almost 12 years when it felt so validating to have someone finally acknowledge this. To tell me it was okay for feeling sad or hating myself. But to focus on growing and changing by helping others in anyway that I could without throwing myself on a pyre. By that time, I had/still have my job working at a health insurance company as a specialist for Behavioral Health Case Management. I’ve had people kind of laugh at me on why I do SO many things all the time. It is extremely difficult to maintain my life without staying busy. When I am not busy, I have room to over-analyze every aspect of my life. It’s just something I can’t completely do at this point. And that is okay. 

So who is Athena?

- Student; currently studying clinical psychology. First year down and one more to go! - Behavioral Health Specialist at a health insurance company; Basically helping a nurse do case management, helping people figure out mental health claims, connecting people to therapists/facilities, and trying to give a shit. - Writer; I’ve written 1 full-length play, around 80ish poems, and a few short stories with 1 unfinished screenplay. The themes typically are; poems about self-hatred, sexual poems because I am a horny monster, gothic horror, fantasy, or drama. Think Stoker, Anne Sexton, and David Fincher mixed together. I’ve spoken at about 10 events and soon to be more. I also am a writer on LongLiveTheVoid.com - an online host of horror film (and others) reviews and horror podcast with a wonderful group of people. You can check my reviews on here as well! - Performer; I have performed stories and poems at several events which I have detailed below. You can find videos on my page as well! - Gamer; I wouldn’t call myself “avid” anymore but when I HAVE the time, check out my Twitch sometimes! https://www.twitch.tv/thenesthebeans - Animal Lover; Mainly dogs but most animals. I have a 2-year-old Chihuahua Dachsund named Maso who is a derp but I love him. - Film Snob; As I grew up with OG hipsters, I have been a film fanatic since I learned how to talk. I used to spend my summers before I had to get a job watching 3-4 films a day. My taste does change but I usually go for dramas, horror, and really fucking stupid humor (if it’s a dog farting, why the fuck not.)  - Bisexual Vampire; I WISH I was a vampire but the first part is 100% true. I suppose I would be an advocate for the LGBT+ community as if a person is being prejudiced against, they don’t HAVE to be in the room for me to say something. Got a problem? Fuck off. - Food/Drink Lover; I really love making cocktails, desserts and more! You can find me here @ https://www.instagram.com/the_midwest_barkeep/

What has Athena performed/done?

Below are events/shows in Arizona I have done. Interested in recordings? I have those included on my page

- Love Notes: A Romantic + Erotic Poetry Reading @ Lost Leaf, February 14th, 2018 - Untidy Secrets Storytelling - Bad Kids From The Start @ Ash Avenue Comics, June 29th, 2018 - Untidy Secrets Storytelling - Take This Job and Shove It @ Ash Avenue Comics, August 31st, 2018 - ArtSplat! Queer Poetry Weirdness @ Stacy’s, October 11th, 2018 - Chatterbox: Haunted @ Fair Trade Cafe, October 24th, 2018 - If You Have Ghosts, A Night of Storytelling @ Wasted Ink Zine Distro, January 11th, 2019 - 7 Minutes in Love @ Space 55, February 8th, 2019 - Turn the Page Storytelling presents: A Mother of a Story @ Delante Coffee, May 31st, 2019 - Getting Stoked, July 8th, 2019, Podcast - Slice: Manly Myths & Legends, July 25th, 2019 @ Space 55 - Roar! A Celebration, performed by actors, September 14th, 2019 @ Tempe Center for the Arts - Letters from the Earth - September 27th, 2019 - Host - Crunch Time’s “Between the Vines” - December 2019

Okay, so she’s not terrible, right?

I mean most human beings are awful, but I am a reasonable sort. Why not take a chance with this weird, perverted, alien like myself? Follow me if you’d like to continue down my road of perpetual absurdism!

[redballpointpen2-blog]

Vellum - Responsive WordPress Theme

New Post has been published on https://babesgobananas.com/vellum-responsive-wordpress-theme/

Vellum - Responsive WordPress Theme

Vellum – Responsive WordPress Theme

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Dynamic Animations with Slider Revolution

Including the powerful slider plugin, Slider Revolution to give your website and slide shows exceptional quality. Slider Revolution is currently the best selling slide show plugin on CodeCanyon and we’ve included it free. The easy to use interface lets you drag slide show graphics into place and easily assign animations, timing and other awesome effects. It’s fully responsive and touch enabled for mobile devices. You’re going to love building your slide shows.

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This theme was built with the awesome Runway framework for WordPress. Runway is a comprehensive solution for making WordPress themes, fast!

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.39 (June 21st 2019)

Fix.

Fixed contact form scripts sometimes not being loaded, causing display issues.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.38 (June 8th 2019)

Plugin update.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v6.0.3.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.37 (May 21st 2019)

Plugin update.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v6.0.2.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.36 (May 16th 2019)

Plugin updates.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v6.0.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v11.0.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.35 (April 24th 2019)

Fix.

Fixed undefined constant warning when WooCommerce activated.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.34 (March 2nd 2019)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.8.3.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.14.

Fixed gallery post format not working with PHP v7.1+.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.33 (February 19th 2019)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v5.7.

Fixed smooth-scroll from menu/link to anchor/id not always working on phones.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.32 (February 1st 2019)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.8.2.

Removed redundant code that disables Gutenberg.

Fixed plugin installer outputting “An error has occurred” on all pages.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.31 (December 1st 2018)

Plugin update.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v5.6.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.30 (November 7th 2018)

Plugin update and fix.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v5.5.5.

Fixed error with content rotator and PHP v7.2.x.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.29 (September 13th 2018)

Plugin updates.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v5.5.4.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.13.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.28 (July 26th 2018)

Update.

Disabled the Gutenberg plugin and nag.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.27 (July 12th 2018)

Update.

Updated UberMenu Lite extension for PHP v7.2+ compatibility.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.26 (June 30th 2018)

Plugin update.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v5.5.2.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.25 (June 22nd 2018)

Plugin updates.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v5.5.1.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.8.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.11.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.24 (May 24th 2018)

Plugin update.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.7.4.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.23 (May 9th 2018)

Plugin update.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.7.3.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.22 (March 10th 2018)

Plugin updates.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.7.1.

Updated to WPBakery Page Builder v5.4.7.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.9.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.21 (February 4th 2018)

Fixes and updates.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.7.

Removed Sidekick as a recommended plugin.

Fixed creating a gallery for the Gallery post format not working with WordPress v4.9.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.20 (November 28th 2017)

Plugin updates.

Updated Slider Revolution to v5.4.6.3.1.

Updated WPBakery Page Builder (formerly Visual Composer) to v5.4.5.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.19 (October 6th 2017)

Hotfix for Chrome.

Fixed broken home page scrolling in Chrome v61.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.18 (October 1st 2017)

Plugin updates.

Further improvements to Visual Composer v5.2+ compatibility.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.17 (September 22nd 2017)

Plugin updates.

Updated Plugin Installer extension to v0.9.8.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.8.

Updated to Visual Composer v5.3.

Improved compatibility with Visual Composer v5.2+.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.16 (August 23rd 2017)

Plugin updates.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.5.2.

Updated to Visual Composer v5.2.1.

Added compatibility with Visual Composer v5.2.x.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.15 (July 1st 2017)

Plugin updates.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.5.1.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.7.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.9.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.14 (April 27th 2017)

Plugin updates.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.3.1.

Updated to Visual Composer v5.1.1.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.8.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.13 (March 14th 2017)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.4.1.

Updated to Visual Composer v5.1.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.6.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.7.

Added compatibility with Visual Composer row CSS animations.

Added compatibility with Visual Composer “Columns gap” row option.

Added compatibility with Visual Composer parallax row backgrounds.

Added compatibility with Visual Composer video row backgrounds.

Fixed error when using Google map row backgrounds.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.12 (January 20th 2017)

Updates.

Updated Plugin Installer extension to v0.9.7.

Updated Post Formats extension to v1.0.2.

Updated Contact Fields extension to v0.8.2.

Code cleanup and refactoring.

Fixed errors with PHP v7.1.0.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.11 (January 13th 2017)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.3.1.5.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.5.

Added compatibility with the Ecwid Ecommerce Shopping Cart plugin.

Fixed popup search box displaying shortcodes.

Fixed contact form thank-you message not always visible.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.10 (November 30th 2016)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v5.0.1.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.6.

Updated to Font Awesome v4.7.0.

Fixed contact form checkbox fields marked as required are not being required.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.9 (November 9th 2016)

Plugin update.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.3.0.2.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.8 (October 4th 2016)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.12.1.

Updated Plugin Installer extension to v0.9.5.

Fixed closing lightbox jumps to top of page in Resort starter kit.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.7 (September 6th 2016)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.3.

Updated Plugin Installer extension to v0.9.4.

Fixed #popup not working when added to a video URL.

Fixed a PHP notice.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.6 (July 19th 2016)

Updates.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.2.6.

Updated Plugin Installer extension to v0.9.2.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.5 (June 24th 2016)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.12.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.2.5.4.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.5.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.1.

Updated stater kits import for PHP 7 compatibility.

Fixed clicking “Preview Changes” for a portfolio post gives 404 Not Found error.

Fixed multiple issues with business starter kit.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.4 (May 20th 2016)

Plugin installer update.

Updated Plugin Installer extension to v0.9.1.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.3 (May 18th 2016)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.2.5.1.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.4.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.3.0.

Updated to Font Awesome v4.6.3.

Fixed footer height increasing when Dock Top Banner is set to the “no mobile” options.

Fixed scrolling locking in Firefox and IE.

Fixed full width row backgrounds and margins etc. not working in static blocks.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.2.3 (April 23rd 2016)

Plugin update.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.11.2.1.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.2.2 (April 15th 2016)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.11.2.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.2.4.1.

Added en_GB theme translation.

Fixed JavaScript error that happens after updating to WordPress v4.5.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.2.1 (April 7th 2016)

Hotfix.

Fixed issue with Visual Composer plugin not updating.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.2 (April 6th 2016)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.11.1.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.2.4.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.3.

Updated to Go Pricing – WordPress Responsive Pricing Tables v3.2.1.

Fixed hidden post titles when Post List used in a single post.

Fixed iPad responsive helper classes not always working.

Fixed crazy vibration when scrolling away from a menu anchor with mouse wheel or gesture.

Fixed some PHP notices.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7.1 (February 25th 2016)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.2.

Updated Google Map as a row background feature.

Updates and fixes to Real Estate starter kit.

Updates and fixes to Resort starter kit.

Updates and fixes to Business starter kit.

Updates to Parallax features page styles in starter kits.

Updates to demo content styles for starter kits.

Cleaned up post formats extension code and removed “Settings > Post Formats” menu item.

Fixed the color of the Skin 7 form submit button.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.7 (February 16th 2016)

New feature, two plugin updates and a fix.

Added SIDEKICK to recommended plugins with custom Vellum walkthroughs.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.10.

Updated to Go – Responsive Pricing & Compare Tables for WP v3.2.

Fixed duplicate “close” icons in layout manager.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.6.6 (January 19th 2016)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.9.2.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.1.6.

Updated to Go – Responsive Pricing & Compare Tables for WP v3.1.2.

Fixed column margins.

Fixed content rotator breaking when it has a title.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.6.5 (December 15th 2015)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.9.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.1.4.

Updated to Font Awesome v4.5.0.

Added theme option for Google API key.

Fixed some PHP notices.

Fixed Google map row background not displaying in some browsers.

Fixed setting ‘none’ for Layout Options body background not working.

Fixed Mac ’.DS_Store’ files causing errors.

Fixed Icon Box button option is not working properly.

Updated version compare function.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.6.4.1 (November 24th 2015)

Hotfix.

Fixed #LoginPopup not working.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.6.4 (November 15th 2015)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.8.1.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.1.2.

Updated to Go – Responsive Pricing & Compare Tables for WP v3.1.1.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.1.

Fixed smooth scroll to anchors not working in IE.

Fixed smooth scroll to anchors not working in Microsoft Edge.

Fixed smooth scroll to anchors not working on iPad with Safari and Chrome.

Fixed smooth scroll to anchors not working on Droid phones.

Fixed post formats not working with Premium Watermark for WordPress plugin.

Fixed column spacing.

Fixed wrong Font Awesome version number in ‘fonts.css’.

Fixed strange home page behaviour while loading full-screen Revolution Slider.

Fixed full-screen slideshow in header causes slideshow in content to display incorrectly.

Fixed typo in PHP version error message.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.6.3.1 (October 13th 2015)

Hotfix

Fixed page not interactive after scrolling down from full-screen slideshow.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.6.3 (October 8th 2015)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.7.4.

Updated to Slider Revolution v5.0.9.

Fixed login popup not opening on iPad and iPhone.

Fixed smooth scroll not working with <a> anchors.

Fixed conflict between Image Gallery and Portfolio elements.

Fixed PHP notice for deprecated WP_Widget constructor method.

Fixed Google map row background not displaying in Chrome.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.6.2 (August 21st 2015)

Small fix.

Fixed error when updating from some older versions.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.6.1 (August 15th 2015)

Couple of small fixes.

Fixed popup lightbox not working.

Fixed a PHP notice.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.6 (August 14th 2015)

Updates and fixes.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.6.2.

Updated to Font Awesome to v4.4.

Updated to Go – Responsive Pricing & Compare Tables for WP v3.0.4.

Updated to CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids v10.0.

Fixed Visual Composer frontend editor not working properly.

Fixed no image width for logo causing validation error.

Fixed Portfolio element not outputting post title.

Fixed Headers and Footers tabs not showing in layout manager in child theme.

Fixed Skin 4 menu item hover background not working.

Fixed Skin 7 responsive menu not styled correctly.

Fixed WooCommerce Add Coupon and Update Cart buttons overlapping.

Fixed draft articles listed in masthead search preview pane.

Fixed hamburger icon not visible in Skin 1.

Added “with_front=>false” when registering portfolio post type.

Fixed full width row backgrounds not working in footer sidebar areas.

Removed unneeded column padding added by Visual Composer.

Fixed portfolio next/prev navigation not working with title above and hidden.

Fixed vertical masthead search box in skins 4, 6 and 7.

Fixed local anchors showing in URLs after clicking them.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.5.1 (June 23rd 2015)

Fix.

Fixed get_options_data() returning no data.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.5 (June 18th 2015)

Updates and fixes.

Updated framework and extensions.

Updated to Visual Composer v4.5.3.

Updated to Slider Revolution v4.6.93.

Updated Font Awesome to v4.3.0.

Fixed WordPress customizer issues.

Fixed ‘Button 2’ element styling.

Fixed different menus in headers not working properly.

Fixed menu visual feedback in skins 4 and 7.

Fixed Google Map as a row background not filling full width of a row.

Fixed row background image not repeating.

Fixed ‘Tour’ element styling.

Fixed color picker going crazy when you drag.

Fixed menu descriptions not working properly with UberMenu Pro activated.

Fixed validation error when no logo image width set.

Fixed slide transition for Content Rotator not working properly when swiped.

Fixed Visual Composer ‘Grid’ elements not working in static blocks.

Fixed ‘Button’ element styling in skins 5, 6 and 7.

Fixed Quote and Link post format backgrounds in Skin 4.

Fixed row backgrounds not working properly in tabs.

Fixed UberMenu Lite conflict with UberMenu Pro (sub-menu settings not visible).

Fixed short URL not working with Google Map background.

Fixed Blank Page template background not working properly.

Fixed logo positioned incorrectly on tablets in Skin 5.

Fixed prettyPhoto XSS.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.4.1 (January 16th 2015)

Fixes.

Fixed typo in Video post format settings.

Fixed Simple Content shortcode error message.

Fixed menu item descriptions.

Fixed Google Map as a row background.

Fixed Add Images to Gallery button in Gallery post format.

Fixed footer meta info in grid-style post lists.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.4 (January 1st 2015)

Copious updates, additions and fixes.

Updated Visual Composer v4.3.5.

Updated Slider Revolution v4.6.5.

Updated Go – Responsive Pricing & Compare Tables for WP to v2.4.5.

Updated Font Awesome to v4.2.0.

Updated UberMenu Lite to v3.

Updated Layout Manager for WordPress 4 compatibility.

Updated framework and extensions.

Added enhancements to Google Maps as row backgrounds.

Added new element for inserting vertical space.

Added new element for scrolling anchors.

Added automatic strip script tags from Custom Javascript box.

Fixed post navigation buttons not working when post title is hidden.

Fixed close button in iframe popup lightbox.

Fixed Font Awesome lists inside Icon Boxes not styled correctly.

Fixed background images cut off on mobile at max screen height.

Fixed pagination not working on static home page.

Fixed portfolio filters not working properly in Firefox.

Fixed contact form settings pages bugs.

Fixed color options for Progress Bar element.

Fixed single column Content Rotator linking to incorrect article.

Fixed Blank Page template not working properly and also causing a JavaScript error.

Fixed Use Excerpt option not working with Post List and Portfolio in single posts.

Fixed masthead sidebar areas always hidden on iPad.

Fixed WPML not displaying translated static blocks.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.3.4.3 (August 13th 2014)

Plugin updates.

Updated Slider Revolution v4.5.95.

Fixed portfolio filters animation running twice.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.3.4.2 (July 4th 2014)

Plugin updates.

Updated Visual Composer v4.2.3.

Updated Slider Revolution v4.5.7.

Updated CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids to v9.6.

Updated Go – Responsive Pricing & Compare Tables for WP to v2.4.2.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.3.4.1 (April 30th 2014)

Minor fix.

Fixed logo justification in vertical masthead.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.3.4 (April 28th 2014)

Minor updates.

Updated Visual Composer v4.1.2.

Updated Slider Revolution v4.3.8.

Updated button styles for new Visual Composer classes.

Added minor style updates.

Added option to hide buttons in Simple Content shortcode.

Added error checking for new Visual Composer functions.

Fixed row class styles from Visual Composer not applied to Static Blocks.

Fixed horizontal masthead logo in IE8.

Fixed vertical masthead bottom gradient.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.3.3 (April 21st 2014)

Updates and fixes.

Added login popup to commments login.

Added help text for setting for no excerpt on blog shortcode.

Updated to Slider Revolution v4.3.6.

Upated to Visual Composer v4.1.1.1.

Updated help text for Icon Box element.

Updated Layout Manager and included Static Blocks as content source.

Improved error checking with fade in content feature.

Improved footer of image post format in grid display.

Fixed long titles not wrapping in IE8.

Fixed scrollbars in login popup.

Fixed conflict with Jetpack plugin.

Fixed margin bottom on portfolio with no title or excerpt.

Fixed margins on page comments.

Fixed ellipsis added to posts with no excerpt.

Fixed blog page template not applying.

Fixed typos in Edit Icon and Theme Options.

Fixed blog template setting for excerpts.

Fixed Portfolio template showing blank page.

Fixed footer default sidebar display.

Fixed Google font reference in default Resort slide show.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.3.2 (April 17th 2014)

Plugin update.

Updated Visual Composer v4.1.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.3.1 (April 4th 2014)

Small fixes.

Added minor style update to portfolio margins.

Removed old data files.

Fixed reset of category and custom post type layouts.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.3 (April 3rd 2014)

Updates.

NEW! Starter Kits feature.

NEW! 1 Click Demo Install feature.

Added general style improvements.

Added iPad helper classes: ‘visible-ipad’ and ‘hidden-ipad’

Updated Visual Composer v4.0.4.

Updated Slider Revolution v4.3.3.

Updated default data structure.

Updated styles for Visual Composer changes.

Updated missing strings in translation file.

Fixed logo not visible in IE8.

Fixed full screen slideshow display in IE8.

Fixed scroll to top for WP admin bar offset.

Fixed blank page template height on IE.

Fixed sub-menus overlaying masthead on small screens.

Fixed text inputs showing “array” on new child themes.

Fixed blog layout left not showing titles when no media attached.

Fixed https security warning on @import rules.

Fixed quote post format background color gaps in grid layout.

Fixed link and hover colors in theme options.

Fixed sidebars not deleting.

Fixed plugin install message on child themes.

Fixed show featured image not disabling from blog settings.

Fixed mobile display not 100% if content width set to smaller percentage.

Fixed mobile menu position issue.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.2.1 (March 18th 2014)

Minor fixes.

Added minor style updates.

Updated to Slider Revolution v4.2.6.

Fixed custom menu font controls.

Fixed default blog template on home page.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.2 (March 14th 2014)

Updates.

Added better controls for font sizes, colors and more.

Added option to hide search in main menu (masthead).

Added option for custom placeholder text in main menu search input.

Added extra settings for docked navigation including docked responsive menu.

Added field for custom logo on mobile devices for responsive display.

Added Visual Composer v4.0.x style adjustments.

Added tablet and iPad specific style and functionality improvements.

Added default accent colors for skins to new image overlay effects.

Added “dismiss” option for plugin installer recommended items.

Updated plugin Revolution Slider to v4.2.5.

Updated plugin Visual Composer to v4.0.2.

Updated plugin installer to include “recommended” plugins.

Updated mobile styling for WooCommerce.

Updated organization of Theme Options display.

Updated various minor style adjustments.

Fixed styles in WooCommerce shopping cart.

Fixed blurry backgrounds on iPad.

Fixed full width backgrounds in Visual Composer v4.0.x.

Fixed file upload data type overwriting other fields.

Fixed saving and deleting layouts issue.

Fixed blog header display for posts without featured image.

Fixed conflict with UberMenu Pro navigation display vertical/horizontal.

Fixed layout manager “Allow Override” feature for page specific changes.

Fixed logo display in Firefox for skin 6.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.1 (March 6th 2014)

Updates.

NEW! Pricing tables: Go – Responsive Pricing & Compare Tables

NEW! Pricing tables: CSS3 Responsive Web Pricing Tables Grids

Added button for “Scroll to Top” feature.

Added new image overlay hover effects.

Updated responsive styling of woocommerce.

Updated demo layouts and options pages.

Updated demo content import file.

Updated translation files.

Fixed Visual Composer registration notice.

Fixed image upload in WP Customizer interface.

Fixed skin 4 and 7 menu styles for link centering.

Fixed logo scaling in vertical masthead on Firefox.

Fixed WPML display in WP menus.

Fixed excerpts in Simple Content shortcodes.

Fixed demo slideshows duplicated in child themes.

Fixed negative letter spacing bug in Chrome.

THEME UPDATE – VERSION 1.0.1 (February 25th 2014)

Fixes and minor enhancements.

Added minor style tweaks and adjustments.

Fixed conflicts with UberMenu Pro.

Fixed error message in bbPress.

Fixed home page pagination bug.

Fixed error message during plugin install.

Fixed issue preventing saving of theme options.

Fixed issue with options reset.

Fixed missing layouts and settings.

Source

[aspiestvmusings]

SCORPION SEASON 4 EPISODE TITLES:

THIS POST WILL HAVE ALL THE SCORPION S4 EPISODE TITLES 

MORE INFO/SPOILERS TBA LATER...WHEN THEY BECOME AVAILABLE. 

FIRST TITLES TBA SOMETIME BETWEEN MIDDLE OF JUNE AND MIDDLE OF SEPTEMBER 2017: ETA: First title released June 23rd. 

The list is on-going (new items will be added when they become available): 

Current status: titles & air dates for eps 4x01 - 4x22 available (all S4 eps)

For episode spoilery teasers see THIS SEPARATE POST  

SPOILERS WILL BE UNDER THE CUT

<Reminder: all information is subject to change!> 

4x01 "Extinction” (written by: Nick S. & Nicholas W., Directed by: Sam Hill, who also directed the s3 finale/last ep..., DoP: Fernando Argüelles ), air date: Monday, September 25th, 2017 at 10PM   – source  source  

4x02 "More Extinction” –  (written by: Nick S. & Nicholas W. , Directed by: Sam Hill),  air date: Monday, October 2nd, 2017 at 10PM  source   

4x03  "Grow a Deer, a Female Deer” –  (written by: David Foster & Nick Santora, Directed by: Milan Cheylov, DoP: Fernando Argüelles), air date: Monday, October 9th, 2017 at 10PM  – source  #GrowAPair #OhDeer   #FaveCaseSoFarBecauseOfTheTopicAndMore #WelcomeBackPatty

4x04 "Nuke Kids on the Block”   – (written by: Paul Grellong & Nicholas Wootton, Directed by: Elodie Keene), air date: Monday, October 16th, 2017 at 10PM  – source  #ThisIsTheBigOne #75 #NewKidsOnTheBlock

4x05 "Sci Hard”  – (written by: Rob Pearlstein & Nick Santora, Directed by: Dwight Little, DoP: Fernando Argüelles), air date: Monday, October 23rd, 2017 at 10PM  source  #TheBestEpisodeOfS4SoFar #SomethingForEveryone #DieHard #Science

4x06 "Queen Scary”    – (written by: Adam Higgs & Nicholas Wootton, Directed by: Omar Madha), air date: Monday, October 30th, 2017 at 10PM– source  #ThisIsTheHalloweenEpisode #QueenMary(theship) #TeamScorpionDoesXFiles....Kinda #RealityTVvsTeamScorpion #spookycaseVSgeniuslogicandscience #spookierthanthebats #QuintisFeels

4x07 "Go with the Flo(rence)*” –   (written by: Kevin J. Hynes & Nick Santora, Directed by: Sam Hill, DoP: Fernando Argüelles), air date: Monday, Nov 6th, 2017 at 10PM – source #HaveYouMetFlorence #QuintisFeels 

4x08 "Faire is Foul”   –  (written by: Scott Sullivan, Directed by: Sanford Bookstaver), air date: Monday, Nov 13th, 2017 at 10PM – source  #CanYouSpeakShakespeare #QuintisFeels #HappyBirthdayToSly

4x09 "It’s Raining Men (O’War)”   –  (written by: Kim Rome & Nicholas Wootton, Directed by: Antonio Negret,  DoP: Fernando Argüelles), air date: Monday, Nov 20th, 2017 at 10PM  – source #ThisIsTheThanksgivingEp #ThisIsTheCabeEp 

4x10 "Crime Every Mountain”  -- (written by: Aadrita Mukerji & Nick Santora, Directed by: Sam Hill), air date: Monday, Nov 27th, 2017 at 10PM  – source #climbeverymountain #TeamQuintis #ThisIsTHEepisode 

RE-RUN! 3x17 “Dirty Deeds, Done Dirt Cheap” on Monday, December 4th, 2017 at 10PM UPDATE: CBS has made changes in their/this weeks  programming/schedule, and tonight’s “Scorpion” re-run is replaced with a re-run of a “S.W.A.T.” episode.  So...no episode this Monday/week!  

4x11 "Who Let the Dog Out (Cause Now it’s Stuck in a Cistern)”  -- (written by: David Foster & Nick Santora, Directed by: Omar Madha, DoP: Fernando Argüelles), air date: Monday, Dec 11th, 2017 at 10PM  – source  #ImportantEp 

4x12 “A Christmas Car-Roll”  -- (written by: Paul Grellong, Directed by: LeVar Burton), air date: Monday, Dec 18th, 2017 at 10PM  – source1  source2  #ThisIsTheChristmasEpisode #OhMyJosh #ItsaWonderfulLife #GhostsofChristmasPastandFuture #WhatIf PREVIOUSLY TITLED/FKA:   "It’s a Walterful Life”

Christmas Hiatus. No new episodes until new year. (Re-run of S3 Christmas episode 3x11 “Wreck the Halls” is currently scheduled for Dec 25th) 

4x13 “The Bunker Games”  – (written by: Rob Pearlstein, Directed by: Milan Cheylov, DoP: Fernando Argüelles ), air date: Monday, Jan 15th, 2018 at 10PM  source1   source2   PREVIOUSLY TITLED/FKA: "Apocalypse Nerd”

4x14 "Lighthouse of the Rising Sun”  – (written by: Adam Higgs, Directed by: Sam Hill), air date: Monday, Jan 22nd, 2018 at 10PM  source1   & source2

4x15 "Wave Goodbye”  –  (written by: Kevin J. Hynes, Directed by: Jeff T. Thomas, DoP: Fernando Argüelles), air date: Monday, Jan 29th, 2018 at 10PM  source1   source2

4x16 "Nerd, Wind & Fire”   – (written by: Scott Sullivan, Directed by: Bethany Rooney), air date: Monday,  Feb 5th, 2018 at 10PM   source #ValentinesDayEp #EarthWindFire

                                    *** Winter Olympics/Sports Hiatus: *** 

4x17 "Dumbster Fire”   –  (written by: Aadrita Mukerji, Directed by: Sanford Bookstaver;  DoP: Fernando Argüelles), air date: Monday,  Feb 26th, 2018 at 10PM   source1   source2  #DumbsterAsInDumb #geniusVSdumb #chemistry  

4x18 “Dork Day Afternoon” – (written by: Paul Grellong, Directed by:  Steven A. Adelson  Maria Burton?, DoP: Kenny Glassing?), air date: Monday,  March 5th, 2018 at 10PM   source  #DogDayAfternoon #MajorQuintisFeels #ItsTheFinalCountdown #TheClockIsTicking #TRT

                *** Re-Run: Ep 3x17 “Dirty Seeds, Done Dirt Cheap” 

     on March 12th, 2018  #ThisISRelevant PS. The re-run got pulled! ***

4x19 "Gator Done”   –   (written by: Kim Rome; Directed by: Omar Madha; Larry Detwiler?; DoP: Fernando Argüelles), air date: Monday,  March 19th, 2018 at 10PM –  source1 #Patty #Florence #GoRalph #MajorQuintisFeels #SpringBreak  #Flies #H2O #TapTime

4x20 "Foul Balls”  –   (written by: David Foster  Nick Santora, Directed by: Nick Santora?; DoP: Christopher Duddy), air date: Monday,  March 26th, 2018 at 10PM –  source1   #LetsPlayBall #TeamScorpionVsBaseball #CrazyWeirdFunEp  #NotGood #HappyVSFlorence  #HappyAndRalph #TeenageRalph #ThisShowSureDoesLoveItsPoopAndBallsJokes #GuessWhoseBack  #MajorTeamFeels #MajorQuintisFeels

             *** Re-Run: Ep 3x17 “Dirty Seeds, Done Dirt Cheap”

                         on April 2nd, 2018  #ThisISRelevant PS. **

4x21 "Kenny & the Jet”  –   (written by: ?, Directed by: Jeff T. Thomas; DoP: Fernando Argüelles), air date: Monday,  April 9th, 2018 at 10PM –  source1   #MajorQuintisFeels #RalphEp #Teenagers #BeCareful  #PenultimateEpisode 

                 *RE-RUN/NO NEW EP WEEK:  April  16th*

4x22 "A Lie in the Sand” –   (written by: Paul Grellong? & Nick&Nick?, Directed by: Sam Hill), air date: Monday,  April 23rd, 2018 at 10PM – source1   #MajorQuintisFeels #TellHer #TellHim #SeasonFinale

22  EPS IN TOTAL [according to FutonCritic: 22 eps] 

SEASON 4B: There are most likely breaks between eps 14 & 15, 17 & 18, and 19 & 20 or 20 & 21. In other words: we are getting  2.5 eps per month on average for season 4B... some months 2, some months 3 eps. As we have 15 Mondays to go, but only 10 episodes, so there are going to be 5 weeks/Mondays where there are no new eps...cause the first ep of season 4B airs Jan 15th (ep 413) & last one on April 23rd (ep 422) 

PS. ? [question mark] - means that it is a guestimate, not certain date

IMPORTANT NOTICE: “Teasers” are not actual spoilers. The goal of spoiler teaser is to “mislead”. But only because the teaser does not give the context or the details, and hence fans tend to interpret it whatever way they choose, and consider it “factual”, when teasers are usually about little things, not revealing any actual plot points. Read THIS POST & THIS POST on spoilers & how to “read” spoilers. And do not overthink things! Teasers are little fun comments, not spoilers that you should take as direct descriptions of scenes. 

Post created/Last update: May 27th, 2017/March 16th, 2018

[justsarahsvlogs]

Can you believe that I’ve been in Thailand for over a year already! I literally can’t believe it, in some ways it feels a lot longer and in some it feels like I only left a few months ago!

This has got to be one of the craziest years of my life, full of highs and lows, so in this post I thought I would give a little diary of the things I’ve done this year! I’ll include other posts I’ve written and even a few YouTube videos thrown in! So sit down with a brew and a biscuit because this is going to be a long one!

21st January 2018

Our adventure started in Manchester Airport, very early in the morning. After an emotional goodbye we boarded the plane to Chiang Mai! (Look how baby we look!)

22nd January 2018

We arrived in Thailand! We stayed in a beautiful resort and the day after Skye left to do some training in Phuket!

Blog- We made it!

YouTube- Arriving in Chiang Mai! Night Market, House Tour, Cabaret

31st January 2018

We moved to our new place in Chiang Mai which is my favourite! Check out the YouTube video if you want to see our gorgeous house!

YouTube- New House Tour! Chiang Mai, Thailand!

9th February 2018

We moved down to start our new adventure in Hua Hin (about 3 hours away from Bangkok). 

YouTube- House Tour #3, First Week in Hua Hin, Thailand

21st February 2018

Our first little roadtrip to Pala U Waterfall! It was an amazing day and we really enjoyed it!

YouTube- Thailand Vlog, Pala-U Waterfall & 2 Days in Bangkok

Blog- Pala-U Waterfall

27th March

We were lucky enough to stay at Anantara Hua Hin, a beautiful resort in the little town we lived in. Skye’s mum surprised us for a few days and we had an amazing time!

YouTube- Thailand Vlog | Anantara Hua Hin, Grand Canyon Water Park & Maerim Elephant Sanctuary!

Blog- An Amazing Week in Thailand!

3rd April 2018

We travelled to Chiang Mai to visit Skye’s mum and we were lucky enough to visit an elephant sanctuary. This is Maerim Elephant Sanctuary and was the first time I went (I’ve now been 3 times!) It was such an amazing trip!

YouTube- Thailand Vlog | Anantara Hua Hin, Grand Canyon Water Park & Maerim Elephant Sanctuary!

Blog- An Amazing Week in Thailand!

13th April

Songkran 2018! We had such an amazing time in Hua Hin celebrating Songkran- Thai New Year. I loved the video I made from this!

YouTube- Songkran 2018!

13th May 2018

We went to Phraya Nakhon Cave which is a huuuge trek up to a cave with a temple inside. It was a truly beautiful day even though it was very sweaty!

Blog- Phraya Nakhon Caves

YouTube- Thailand Vlog | Phraya Nakhon Caves, Black Mountain Waterpark

13th June 2018

We moved to Bangkok on this day! And then the day after we went to Kuala Lumpur for the first time! (We’ve also been there 3 times!) Although we had a visa fail we had a really great time!

Blog- Visa Run FAIL in Kuala Lumpur

End of June

The lowest point of my year. I lost my Grandad at the end of June this year. I was devastated that I couldn’t be there. On the day of his funeral I went to Wat Arun and said goodbye which was beautiful.

17th July 2018

We travelled down to Phuket for my birthday this year. We stayed in the gorgeous Anantara and did a lot of exploring whilst we were there!

Blog- Phuket Day 1

–Phuket Day 2

–My stay at Anantara Vacation Club Mai Khao, Phuket

27th August- 10th September 2018

My family came to visit me in August and it was amazing! We visited Bangkok, Chiang Mai and Phuket and I was so happy to show them around!

October 2018

In October of this year I did the 31 Days of Halloween challenge again! I really enjoyed it this year and I’m really proud of the results!

Blog- 31 Days of Halloween is Over!

21st November 2018

We came back up to Chiang Mai for Skye’s birthday and luckily we got here in time for the Lantern Festival which was absolutely insane! One of my favourite things I’ve done this year!

Blog- Life Update! Yee Ping Festival + Moving to Chiang Mai

5th December 2018

We drove up to Chiang Mai with all of our gear and a kitty! We left our lives in Bangkok and moved in with Skye’s parents in Chiang Mai. Back to my favourite house in Thailand!

12th December 2018

We drove up to Chiang Rai! We stayed in the amazing Anantara hotel too which was incredible! We visited the White Temple which was even more impressive than I thought!

Blog- The White Temple, Chiang Rai

25th December 2018

Christmas Day was crazy this year! We swam in the pool, ate an unusual Christmas Dinner and it was a good day. But I really missed my family this year! We also got a new cat called Tinks!

17th January 2018

To end a great year my friends visited on their way to Australia! We had a great time and now they’ve swanned off to have an amazing year in Australia.

Congratulations!

If you got to the end of this ridiculously long post, well done! I hope you liked seeing a little run down of everything that happened in my life this year and honestly it was great to go back through all my photos and memories again!

Let me know what your goals are in 2019! Any travel plans or lifestyle plans, I’d love to know!

Stay Happy!

Sarah

    Our Year In Thailand! Check out my roundup of all the things we did this year! Can you believe that I've been in Thailand for over a year already! I literally can't believe it, in some ways it feels a lot longer and in some it feels like I only left a few months ago!

[tellytantra]

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Entire faculty is discussing the preps / sponsorships with Principal Ma’am for the upcoming events. Naina comes there. All the students are outside. Kartik tells everyone that Naina wont last for 2 seconds. Munna is angry but Pundit tells him to let dogs bark. Munna calls him dog repeatedly. Sunaina stops Kartik from reacting. Priyam continues taunting / mocking Naina. Sameer warns him to keep his mouth shut or he wont spare him. You will become Late Priyam Gupta if you wont stop talking. Priyam stares at him angrily but Sameer tells him to look down. Kartik too gestures Priyam to calm down. Sunaina tells him to talk to her directly. He tells her she isn’t worth talking. She asks him if Naina is. What happened when the same Naina left him and she supported him? You had turned all your attention and love to me then! Preeti tells her to stick to college matters. Don’t take it to personal level. Sunaina refuses to budge. Principal Ma’am and other faculty members are against the idea of girls’ sports team. Naina reminds Principal Ma’am that she too heard this idea. JBR says such ideas look good till speeches only. Some promises are just words. Naina insists she always sticks to her words. Coach refuses this idea. Girls only spend time in getting ready and shopping. It will be a sheer waste of time and money. JBR seconds him. You can perform in Navratri function. Everyone is pretty much against the idea especially coach. Girls will forget everything after hearing about the Navratri function. Everyone is waiting anxiously for Naina. Sunaina remarks that she will be thrown out of the room. She must be begging inside to let her fulfil her one promise. Kartik is positive no girls’ team will be made ever in this college. Sunaina nods. This is why I dint promise anything like that. Swati ends up saying that Naina always does what she says. Seeing Kartik and Sunaina stare in her direction, she covers up saying negative things about Naina. Munna taunts her back. Preeti too says Naina has always done what she has told. Sunaina is sure history will change today. Everyone will surely regret making Naina GS real soon. Naina convinces faculty to make a girls team for sport. We can one day make everyone proud like PT Usha. Give me one chance to prove it is a stupidity to underestimate girls. Principal Ma’am gives in to her request but keeps a condition. You will have to make a group of 10 girls in 2 days who will take part in Inter College competition. You can forget your ideas if you fail. Naina assures her it will surely happen. Naina steps out of the room. (Background – Naina):I feel proud knowing how the girls are making us proud today. I dint do anything in all that but I am still proud that girls are making the nation proud. Naina shares the good news with everyone. Her friends are thrilled whereas Sunaina and her friends are shocked. Naina and Sameer smile at each other. Munna compliments Naina for achieving the impossible. They all praise Naina calling her Bhabhi, friend and sister. Sameer excitedly talks about the girls sport team. Naina shares the condition with them to make the team. We have only 2 days. If we fail then entire fund will be directed to Navratri function. Preeti asked her if she accepted the condition. Naina points out that there was no other option. Girls feel she shouldn’t have accepted it. We will do Dandiya only. Sameer tells everyone not to be so negative. We will try to get some if not ten. Coach tells them that they have to be 10. Naina agrees with him once again. Coach tells her that he will give his best and train them if that happens. I will also request Ma’am to keep the Navtratri function low so we can use the budget for girls. She thanks him. He goes. Naina’s friends are already worried when Sunaina too tells her it will never happen. Naina tells them they will know after 2 days. Kartik refuses to let girls team up. Only Navratri function will happen in VJN. Naina says it happens every year. It will happen this year too but it will be a little low budget this time. Kartik challenges them to stop if they can. Munna says friends look good when they stand together and not behind. Sameer accepts the challenge. Sameer and his friends are preparing the badminton net. Sameer gets lost looking at Naina. She smiles back at him. Dhal gaya Din plays in the background. Sameer imagines playing badminton with Naina. The shuttle gets stuck at the net. She tries taking it when he holds her hand from the other end of the net. He closes his eyes sweetly. Pundit watches Sameer hugging the pole tightly. He tries pulling him out of his imagination but in vain. Munna shouts in his ears to distract him. Everyone smiles. Sameer walks up to Naina. Someone teases Sameer to stop staring now. Kartik laughs at the idea. It isn’t possible! Sunaina knows Sameer will try but Kartik refuses to let it happen. Naina reasons that those who try succeed. Sameer calls it difficult. Kartik calls it impossible. I wont let it happen! Sameer said no one can stop it from happening. Sameer says I said that in excitement. Naina says I don’t say anything like that. I have checked facts. Some girls used to play sports before college. Kartik inists now those girls will only do Dandiya. Naina adds that they can be the rest of the group. Preeti, Kamya and Bela turn to go as they share that they came to college just to have fun. Plus, this isn’t cards or some random game that we can play. Someone suggests them to take part initially and withdraw later just to convince coach sir. Swati and Sunaina try to make Kartik understand but he stays put. Priyam adds that it is no fun seeing girls play. Munna says I like it when girls play lawn tennis. Mom switches off every time. She does not like their clothes. Everyone smiles. Kartik vows to teach them a lesson. Swati counts the girls in Naina’s group. There are 4 already. Sameer can easily get 6 more. A girl asks her whose side she is on. Sunaina says she is on our side but she is also making sense. She knows them too. Kartik stays put. Preeti ends up counting the girls of their group and adds Swati’s name but stops. Naina tells her that Swati is still her friend. Count her. Preeti gives an idea. When I go to malls these days, I feel pity for sales boys and sales girls. If they will in back then, then I would have asked them to come to our college to convince everyone to take part in sports. It was next to impossible! Precap: All the girls close in on Sameer. Naina looks upset. Later, Sameer walks in followed by a lot many girls. Naina looks on. Update Credit to: Pooja

http://cattybilli.blogspot.com/2018/09/yeh-un-dinon-ki-baat-hai-27th-september.html

[televisionworldchannels]

Perfect Pati 27th September 2018 Written Update Written Episode

Perfect Pati 27th September 2018 Written Update Written Episode

The Episode starts with Pushkar saying its not right to question me this way. Ashwin says my dilemma is bigger than yours. Pushkar says Vidhi got pics first, I cleared her doubts and now you have come. Ashwin asks what pics. Nivedita tells about pics and message regarding Pushkar. Suman hears this and goes to Vidhi. Ashwin says you didn’t tell me anything, who is against this marriage. Rajshri…

[entergamingxp]

Persona 5 the Animation Blu-ray Set Announced, Includes Brand New English Dub

July 5, 2020 5:30 PM EST

Persona 5 the Animation will be getting a full Blu-ray boxset release this September. Also included is a new English dub featuring the original voice cast.

Persona 5 the Animation, two years after it began its broadcast, is finally getting a full Blu-ray boxset release that will be officially hitting the Western markets. The new was first announced during the Aniplex Online Fest and was revealed with a release date of September 29th, 2020.

As a bonus, for the first time there will also be an English dub of the anime with the main voice cast from the game reprising their respective roles. You can check out the trailer below for a sample, which features some solid voice work:

The set itself — with preorders currently available through Right Stuf Anime — will include an illustration card set and special packaging. The price, however, is a bit steep at $298.98. Below is what the set will look like:

Persona 5 the Animation made its broadcast debut from April 2018 to March 2019. The special broadcasts “Dark Sun…” and “Stars and Ours” aired on December 31st, 2018 and March 23rd, 2019 respectively. The OVAs “Proof of Justice” and “A Magical Valentine’s Day” were included with the original Japanese Blu-ray Volume 11 that released on May 29th, 2019 and Volume 12 on June 26th, 2019.

Meanwhile the Persona 5: Mementos Mission manga concluded its serialization on June 27th, with the third and final volume releasing on July 27th. Unlike the ongoing main series manga that follows the game’s plot, Mementos Mission chronicled various side stories featuring the protagonists.

According to reports, Persona 5 Royal (the updated re-release of the original Persona 5) shipped over 400K copies in its first month in Japan. Royal also topped the sales charts in both Taiwan and South Korea. Plus, it was in the top ten for both the UK and US charts during its opening weeks.

Back in February of this year I was able to sit down with the head of Atlus West PR, Arianne Advincula, for a quick interview. We discussed the challenges faced working with a game that has already been released in Japan, changes in the English localization between the original P5 and Royal, how streaming policies have been `handled since its launch in the West, the EFIGS localization, and more.

Twitter artist Enrique Bolatre (Lovely Nighto) recently imagined what the main cast would look like as the villagers from the popular Nintendo title Animal Crossing in an adorable piece of fanart.

You can read our review of Persona 5 Royal written by yours truly, in which I state that “Atlus has packed Persona 5 Royal full of new content that is sure to delight newcomers and even veterans of the original with a far more robust experience.” There’s also our post review discussion featuring myself and Video Manager Mario Rivera as we broke down some of our favorite parts of the game. And be sure to check out Staff Writer David Gill’s editorial detailing why the game reminded him of what he missed about college.

July 5, 2020 5:30 PM EST

from EnterGamingXP https://entergamingxp.com/2020/07/persona-5-the-animation-blu-ray-set-announced-includes-brand-new-english-dub/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=persona-5-the-animation-blu-ray-set-announced-includes-brand-new-english-dub