#아/어야 되다

[koreanstudyjunkie]

4 Easy Korean Grammar

자마자, 아/어야 되다, 네요, 뿐만 아니라

There are 2 intermediate and 2 beginner grammar, although I think they are almost all around the upper beginner/low Intermediate range. Depending on your level, these will be very easy to learn compared to some other (more complicated) Korean grammar.

~ 자마자 (beginner)

~ 아/어야 되다 (intermediate)

~ 네요 (beginner)

~ (으)ㄹ뿐만 아니라 (intermediate)

V-자마자 = as soon as, right away

Usage: to Indicate that something occurs immediately after the end of some other event or action. It’s added to verbs and translated as “right after” or “as soon as” in English. -자마자 can also be shortened to just -자.

Base form → -자마자 = Ex: 보다 → 보자마자 - as soon as I see, as soon as I look, as soon as I watch

Examples:

수업이 끝나자마자 학생들은 교실을 나갔어요.

The students left the classroom right after class ended.

상자를 열자 오래된 책들과 문서가 보였습니다.

When I opened the box, I saw old books and documents.

가게에서 보자마자 마음에 들어서 바로 산 거야.

I bought it right away because I liked it as soon as I saw it at the store.

Rules To Know:

The tense in not expressed with the first verb before 자마자, but is added in the second verb.

Example:

집에 갔자마자 쉬었어요 (X) → 집에 가자마자 쉬었어요 (O)

The subjects in the first and/or second clause can either be the same or different and it’s still fine

A/V -아/어야 되다 = have to, should

Usage: To express an obligation or necessity to do something. The form can end with 아/어야 하다 or 아/어야 되다 with no change in meaning, although of -아/어야 되다 is more commonly used than -아/어야 하다.

Forms:

Verbs ending in vowel ㅏ or ㅗ + 아야 되다/하다:

가다 → 가야 되다/하다 = have to go

Verbs ending in vowel other thanㅏ or ㅗ + 어야 되다/하다:

읽다 → 읽어야 되다/하다 = have to read

하다 verbs → 해야 되다/하다:

공부하다 → 공부해야 되다/하다 = have to study

Examples:

시간이 늦어서 이만 집에 가야 해.

It's late, so I have to go home now.

그는 여자 친구에게 줄 꽃은 꼭 빨간 장미이어야 된다고 했어.

He said the flowers for his girlfriend must be red roses.

비 오는 날 운전할 때는 평소보다 더 조심하여야 돼요.

You should be more careful than usual when driving on a rainy day.

A/V/N - (이)네요 = really, certainly, wow

Usage: to express surprise when you learn something from an experience (not from another source) or agree with someone (experiencing the same thing)

Tense:

A/V -네요

N -(이)네요

학생 -> 학생이네요

의사 -> 의사(이)네요

Examples:

오늘은 날씨가 정말 좋네요.

Wow, the weather is really nice today.

백화점에 사람이 정말 많네요.

There are so many people at the store today.

가: 한국 음식을 잘 드시네요. = You eat Korean foods really well.

나: 네, 한국 음식이 아주 맛있어요. = Yes, Korea food is so delicious.

(으)ㄹ 뿐만 아니라 = not only A but also B

Usage: to express that “not only what you said in the first sentence, but also what you said in the first sentence”. This can be without the -만 part added in too.

Tenses:

A/V (past) - 았/었을 뿐만 아니라

A/V (present) - 을/ㄹ 뿐만 아니라

N이다 - w/ consonants - 일 뿐만 아니라

N - w/ vowels - 뿐만 아니라

Examples:

지수는 예쁠 뿐만 아니라 성격도 좋아서 인기가 많네.

Not only is Jisoo pretty, but her personality is also really good, so she’s very popular.

승규는 약속 시간에 나타나지 않았을 뿐만 아니라 이후에도 연락이 없었어요.

Seungyu not only didn’t show up to our date on time, but also didn’t even contact me after.

[koreanstudygram]

(으)려던 참이다 “be just about to”, 2) -(으)려면 “if (you) intend to do ~” and 3) -(으)로 인해(서) “due to.”

1) -(으)려던 참이다 “be just about to”, 2) -(으)려면 “if (you) intend to do ~” and 3) -(으)로 인해(서) “due to.”

1 "(으)려던 참이다":

Sentence: 공부를 하려던 참이었는데, 졸린 탓에 못 했다.

Explanation: "(으)려던 참이다" expresses the intention or resolve to do something. It indicates that someone intended or was in the process of doing something, but something else interfered or prevented them from completing it. In the sentence, it conveys the idea that the speaker intended to study but couldn't because they were too tired.

2"-(으)려면":

Sentence: 한국어를 잘하려면 매일 연습해야 해요.

Explanation: "(으)려면" is used to indicate a condition or requirement for achieving a certain goal or purpose. It translates to "if (one) wants to…" or "in order to…". In the sentence, it states that in order to speak Korean well, one must practice every day.

3"-(으)로 인해(서)":

Sentence: 비가 많이 와서 교통이 막히게 되었습니다.

Explanation: "(으)로 인해(서)" means "because of" or "due to". It is used to explain the cause or reason behind a situation or outcome. In the sentence, it explains that heavy rain caused traffic congestion.

These grammar points are useful for expressing intention, condition, and cause in Korean sentences.

1.1 - (으)려던 참이다 means “be just about to.”

You can use it to tell a situation when you were just about to take an action.

In the expression of -(으)려던, -던 means something unfinished or incomplete.

In addition, this grammar has a word 참.

참 means “true” and has one more meaning, which is “a moment you do something.”

And Korean people often use this grammar -려던 참이다 with 그렇지 않아도, 안 그래도 “even before you said that” or 막 “just.”

About the usage of -(으)려던 참이다, you mainly apply this grammar with verbs.

If a verb stem does not have a final consonant, you attach -려던 참이다.

For example, 가다 “to go” does not have a final consonant, so you attach 려던 참이다 to the stem to make 가려던 참이다 “just about to go.”

And if a verb stem has a final consonant, you attach -으려던 참이다.

For example, 먹다 “to eat” has a final consonant.

So, you attach 으려던 참이다 to the stem to make 먹으려던 참이다 “just about to eat.”

그렇지 않아도 지금 막 전화하려던 참이었어요. Even before you said that, I was just about to call now.

Here, 전화하다 “to call” is a verb, which does not have a final consonant.

So, you add -려던 참이다 to make 전화하려던 참이다 “(I) was just about to call.”

Next example sentence in a dialogue.

ㄱ: 왜 거기 서 있어요? 앉으세요. Why are you standing there? Please have a seat.

ㄴ: 안 그래도 앉으려던 참이었어요. Even before you said that, I was just about to sit down.

Here, 앉다 “to sit down” is a verb which has a final consonant.

So, you add -으려던 참이다 to make 앉으려던 참이다 “was about to sit down.”

저도 나가려던 참이었는데 잘 됐네요. I was just about to go out, so it was good timing.

Here, 나가다 “to go out” is a verb which does not have a final consonant.

So, you add -려던 참이다 to make 나가려던 참이다 “(I) was just about to go out.”

1.2 -(으)려면 means “if (I) intend to do ~, if (I) want to do ~.”

Korean people often use this grammar with -아/어야 하다, 아/어야 되다“have to〜” or imperative sentences such as (으)세요 “please, do something.”

-(으)려면 follows verbs and if a verb stem does not have a final consonant, you attach -려면.

For example, 가다 “to go” does not have a final consonant, so you attach 려면 to the stem to make 가려면 “if (I) intend to go.”

If a verb stem has a final consonant, you attach -으려면.

For example, 먹다 “to eat” has a final consonant, so you attach -으려면 to make 먹으려면 “if (I) intend to eat.”

서울역으로 가는 버스를 타려면 어디로 가야 돼요? If I intend to take a bus heading to Seoul station, where should I go?

Here, 타다 “to take (a vehicle)” is a verb, which does not have a final consonant.

So, you add -려면 to make 타려면 “if I intend to take.” Let’s look at the next sentence.

예쁜 야경 사진을 찍으려면 한강으로 가세요. If you intend to take pictures of a beautiful night view, please go to Hangang River.

Here, 찍다 “to take (a picture)” is a verb which has a final consonant.

So, you add -으려면 to make 찍으려면 “if you intend to take.” As you can see, 가세요 means “Please, go” and this is a polite way of an imperative sentence.

한국에서 살려면 한국어 공부를 열심히 해야 돼요. If you want to live in Korea, you have to study Korean hard.

Here, 살다 “to live” is a verb, which has a final consonant ㄹ.

So, you add -려면 to make 살려면 “if you want to live.”

At the end of a sentence, 해야 돼요 gives a nuance of advice.

1.3 - (으)로 인해(서) means “due to ~.”

인해서 comes from a word 인하다, and 인(因) is a chinese character which describes a cause.

Therefore, this grammar also expresses a cause of a situation.

And you will use it in formal settings such as news, newspaper, or formal documents, but not often in casual conversations.

In casual conversations, native speakers often use -(으)로 “due to ~, with ~”, or 때문에 “because of”.

-로 인해(서) follows nouns, and if a noun does not have a final consonant, you attach -로 인해(서).

For example, 사고 an “accident” does not have a final consonant, so you attach 로 인해서 to make 사고로 인해서 “due to an accident.”

If a noun has a final consonant, you attach -으로 인해(서).

For example, 가뭄 “drought(drάʊt)” has a final consonant.

So, you attach “으로 인해서” to make 가뭄으로 인해서 “due to a drought.”

홍수로 인해서 피해를 입었어요. We were affected by a flood.

Here, 홍수 “flood” is a noun which does not have a final consonant.

So, you add -로 인해서 to make 홍수로 인해서 “due to a flood.”

이번 사태로 인해 많은 사람들이 직장을 잃었다. Due to this incident, many people lost their jobs.

Here, 사태 an “incident” is a noun which does not have a final consonant.

So, you add -로 인해서 to make 사태로 인해서 “due to an incident.”

개인적인 사정으로 인해 잠시 쉬겠습니다. Due to a personal circumstance, I will take a break for a while.

This is a useful sentence when you announce your leave of absence from work.

Here, 사정 “circumstance” is a noun which has a final consonant.

So, you add -으로 인해서 to make 사정으로 인해서 “due to a circumstance.”

Grammar explanations and sentences from web page link below

[dearachel]

March 28th ⭐️

I re-read The Little Prince from chapter 21 to the end.

“참, 내 비밀을 말해 줄게. 아주 간단한 건데, 그건 마음으로 보아야 잘 보인다는 거야. 가장 중요한 것은 눈에 보이지 않는 법이야.”

“Ah, and now I’ll tell you my secret. It’s very simple; you need to look with the heart to be able to see clearly. Things that are the most important cannot be seen by the eyes.”

참 - Interjection used when something you’d forgotten suddenly comes to mind.

예) 가: 참, 너 누구 만나러 간다고 하지 않았어? 나: 벌써 시간이 이렇게 됐네. 나는 먼저 가볼게. A: Oh, by the way, didn’t you say your were meeting someone? B: I didn’t notice it’d gotten this late. I better be off.

아/어야 - Grammar that indicates that what comes before it is a necessary condition for what comes after it. This is the same as the 아/어야 in 아/어야 하다, 아/어야 되다 but in a different position in the sentence.

예) 비자를 받아야 외국인은 한국에서 일을 할 수 있어요. Foreigners have to get a visa in order to work in Korea. (외국인이 한국에서 일을 하려면 비자를 받아야 해요 - means the same thing, just differently worded.)

~는 법이다 - grammar used to express what is obvious (a fact) or what is natural or inevitable. (~은/ㄴ 법이다 with adjectives)

예) 겨울이 가면 봄이 오는 법이다. = When winter passes, spring arrives.

포기하지 않고 노력하는 사람이 성공하는 법이다. = Those who don’t give up and put the effort in will succeed.

기대가 크면 실망도 큰 법이다. = The bigger the expectations the bigger the let down. Lit. If you have big expectations, you’re disappointment will be big as well.

[miumou]

Grammar Masterpost

➡️ Masterpost II here ⬅️

Beginner Level:

~과/와, 하고 & 랑/이랑 — “And” or “With”

~에게 / ~한테 / ~게 — “To” or “By”

~에게서 한테서 / (으)로부터 — “From”

~은/는 vs ~이/가

~부터 & ~까지 - “To & From” for TIME

~고 — And or then

~지만 — “But”

덕분에 & 때문에 — “Because” & “Thanks To”

포함하다, 제외하다, 빼고, 외에 — To include, To exclude, Take out, Outside of

만큼 — “As much as (x)”

N + ~(이)나 & A/V + ~거나 — “Or”

N + ~밖에 + Negative Verb — Only

~ㄹ/을 수밖에 없다 — “No choice but to…”

전에 (Before/Ago) & 후에 (After, From now)

~ㄹ/을 줄 알다 or 모르다 — Know (or not know) how to

~ㄹ/을 수 있다 & ~ㄹ/을 수 없다 — Can/Cannot (Extrinsic)

못 & ~지 못하다 — Cannot (intrinsic)

~아/어 있다 — In the state of

~아/어도 — Regardless

~아/어서 — So/Therefore & Then (standard)

A/V + ~아/어 가지고 — So/Therefore & Then (very casual form)

위해(서) — For

대신에 — Instead of

~ㄹ/을게(요) — Will (subject to the listeners opinion)

~았/었으면 좋겠다 — I hope / I wish

N + 에 대해(서) — “About”

N + 에 관하다 & ~에 관련되다 — Regarding/Related to

정도 — Degree

~(ㄴ/은) 적이 있다/없다 — Experience

V + ~(으)면서 or ~(으)며 — Whilst

척하다 — Pretending to do or be X

~았/었었다 — The Past Perfect Tense

Intermediate Level:

V + ~자마자 — As soon as

A/V/N + 잖아(요) — As you know

~지 / ~죠 — “… Right?” “… Isn’t it?” “You know”

~ㄴ/는/ㄹ 줄 알았다 or 몰랐다 — “I thought that…”

~아/어도 되다 — To be allowed or okay to do

안 ~아/어도 되다 — Don’t have to, OK not to do

~아/어야 하다/되다 — Must, Have to, Should

려고 & ~(으)러 — With the intention of doing…

~아/어 보다 — To try

~아/어 주다 — For charitable actions

~(으)니까 & ~(으)니 — Because (Reason/Justification/Excuse)

V + 기로 하다 — To decide to do

N + ~에 따라(서) — Depending on, depends on

N + ~을/를 통해(서) — Through, by way of, via/with

V + ~아/어/여 버리다 — To be done to totality/completion

V + 아/어 놓다 — Leaving an action in its completed state

V + ㄹ/을 뻔 했다 — Almost did

~(으)면 (안) 되다 — One must not, it’s okay if…

것 같다 — Seems like

V + ~는 중 • N + 중 • N + 중에 — “In the middle of”, and “Amongst”

X이/가 아니라 Y — “Not X but Y” & ~ㄹ/을 뿐만 아니라 — “Not only X but also Y”

~던 & ~았/었던 — Past descriptor

V + 는 편이다 & A + ㄴ/은 편이다 — Fairly, on the X side, rather X, tend to X

~ㄴ/은 채(로) — While in the state of

~ㄹ/을 수록 — "The more you do (X) the more (Y) happens.

A/V + ~ㄹ/을 리가 없다 — “There’s no way that…” “It’s impossible that…”

~구나, ~군 & ~군요 — Expressing Surprise 1

~네(요) — Expressing Surprise 2

~ㄹ/을 필요가 있다/없다 — To need to / Not need to

A/V/N + 는 것 (ㄴ/은, 는, ㄹ/을) + 듯이/듯하다 — As if…

Advanced Level:

A/V/N + ~든지 — Whether X or Y (Options)

~거든(요) — Because (giving context when the listener assumedly doesn’t know yet)

~는데 Connector — But/However & Background Information

는데(요) — At the end of a sentence (Usages)

~아/어 가다 & ~아/어 오다 — An action continues into the future or from the past until now (explicitly continual)

는지 — A Clause of Uncertainty (Whether, If)

~다가 & ~았/었다가 — Mid-action interruption & Two Action Clauses

뿐 — It’s just/only x (and nothing else)

~기(를) 바라다 — To hope for X, To request (very formal/authoritative)

A/V + 게 하다 — To make/let sb do sth

A/V + 하다 🔄 시키다 - To make

V + 게 되다 — To end up

~도�� — So that

A/V + 게 — So that, in order to

~기(도 / 만 / 는) 하다 — Grammar

~지 말다 ➡️ ~지 마세요 — The Negative Imperative (“Don’t”)

Quoting Masterpost

~ㄹ/을 수(가/는/도) 없다 / 있다 — Adding 가/는/도

~ㄴ/은/는 것이다 — Emphasis / Explanation /Verification on what one is doing/is/happening (It’s the thing of)

A/V + (ㄴ/는)다는 것, N + (이)라는 것 — The fact that, The thing that

Miscellaneous:

Picked Up Phrases —Quizlet Flashcard Deck

~ㄹ까? vs ~ㄹ래? — “Shall…?” “Will…?”

~(으)면 vs ~다면 — The difference between

X 잘하다 vs 잘 X다 — The difference

Question Forms

Giving Commands (Imperative)

Let’s

Plans, Schedules, Preparations, “To be Ready”

Diary Form Conjugation

~(으)시 — Honorific Addition

Adding ~아/어 하다 to Adjectives

Best Attempt at Imperative Adjectives? (Command)

~기 + Verb — List

~스럽다 — With properties of x

신경을 (안) 쓰다 — “I don’t care”

다르다 / 비슷하다 / 같다 — Different, similar, same

~겠다, as opposed to ~ㄹ/을 것이다

[a-pop-of-korean]

What does are ~게, ~라서, and 해야하다? Could you also please give examples of how to use them in sentences? Thanks!

1. -게

-게 can have a few different meanings. One of them is that it turns adjectives into adverbs. Just attach -게 to the stem:

예쁘게 (pretty) --> 예쁘게 (prettily)

저는 방을 예쁘게 장식했어요. = I decorated the room prettily.

You might also hear -ㄹ/을게(요), which is one of the future tenses in Korean. It’s essentially used for saying that you will do something that concerns the person you’re talking to. For example:

지금 손님 머리를 자를게요. = I will cut your hair now. (literally “I will cut the customer’s hair now)

You might hear a hair dresser say this to one of their customers -- because they are doing something that concerns the customer, they can use -ㄹ/을게(요).

The final usage I’m going to talk about (although there are more which I will link some of my lessons to below) is -게 하다 and -게 만들다. They mean the same thing -- to make someone do something. -게 하다 can also mean to let someone do something. For example:

엄마가 일찍 자게 했어요. = My mom made me sleep early. / My mom let me sleep early.

언니가 나를 학교에 가게 만들었어. = My older sister made me go to school.

2. -(이)라서

-(이)라서 is attached to a noun to mean “because it is [noun]” or “because of [noun] For example:

(from mykoreanramblings.com) 월요일이라서 한국어 수업이 없어요. = I don’t have Korean class because it’s Monday (today).

이어폰이라서 말 못 들어요. = Because of my headphones, I can’t hear what you’re saying.

3. -아/어야 하다

-아/어야 하다 is attached to verb stems to mean that the subject has to do something or should do something. For example:

저는 물을 많이 마셔야 해요. = I have to drink a lot of water. / I should drink a lot of water.

내일 시험이라서 오늘 많이 공부해야 해. = Because of the test tomorrow, I have to study a lot today.

I hope all of this helps! If you want more info on any of these topics, check out the lessons below! 화이팅!

Also, I don’t have a lesson about adverbs yet, so maybe I’ll make one in the future! 

-ㄹ/을 게요 (Future Tense)

So that…/To the point where…

-게 되다

아/어/여서 (So…)

아/어/여야 되다 and 아/어/여야 하다(Have to / Should)

[asplashoftea-n-mildliners]

안녕~ 아이스크림 막고 싶어요. ㅠㅠ

🍃 ~quick lesson~ 🍃

TTMIK Level 2 Lesson 20 taught me how to say should, have to, and must.

Conjugation:

Verb stem + 아/어/여 + 야 되다/하다

When the verb ends in a ㅗ or ㅏ use: -아야 되다/하다

When the verb ends in anything other than ㅗ or ㅏ use: -어야 되다/하다

When the verbs end with 하 use: -여 되다/하다

되다 and 하다 mean the samething in this structure however 되다 is used for more casual situations.

Ex:

🔅 먹다 = to eat

먹(verb) + -어 (because 먹 vowel is 어 not ㅏ or ㅗ) + -야

되다 or 하다.

-> 먹어야 돼요. = I should eat. I have to eat. I must eat.

🆕 되다 = to be done/ to be possible

🔅 하다 = to do

* -아/어/여야 되다/하다 = “should” or “have to”

* -아/어/여 + 야 means “only when ___ is done” or “only when you do ___.”

Therefore, when -아/어/여 + 야 meets 되다/하다 it gives the meaning of:

“only when you do ___, it works”

“only when you do this, everything is alright”

“only if ___ is done, it is okay”.

Bonus

Sentence Examples:

지금 *자야 해요.

🔅 자다 = to sleep

*because the verb stem (자) end in ㅏ already, you don’t have to add another -아.

2. 저는 방을 청소해야 돼요.

🆕 청소하다 = to clean 🧽 🧹 🧼

🔅 방 = Room

-을 object particle

❕Any errors? Let me know ~ 😊

[studiousbees]

App review—LingoDeer Korean 2 (Beta test)

Happy Saturday, everyone! I was invited to beta test the new (more) advanced LingoDeer Korean levels. Of course I jumped at the opportunity! LingoDeer has in the past been my top recommendation for language learning apps*, and I have to admit that I was excited when news of the new levels dropped. Past experience has given me high expectations for the new levels.

I did the first four levels—titled "Impolite Form 1," "Impolite Form 2," "Will," and "Suggestion" before taking the next two tests to jump to higher levels. I took notes on my experience based on a variety of things. As this is a beta test, I of course took notes of any bugs that I found (and reported them through the app as I encountered them). Still, even the smoothest language app is useless if its information is no good, so I also made notes about the presentation and utility of the material. I'll take you through each level and the two tests so you can "experience" them in the proper order.

*Past LingoDeer reviews: Korean, Japanese, Japanese (exit), Mandarin Chinese, Mandarin Chinese (revisited)

Impolite Form 1

Notes:

Each level in Lingodeer has a "Notes" section that precedes the actual gamified learning panels. The notes explain the grammar and relevant cultural things related to the material that will be taught in the upcoming lesson. In this section, I found that the notes were quite thorough and, blessedly, they explained that despite labeling 해체 as the "impolite" form, they do not mean to say it is actually impolite. If you are aware of how low-key angsty it makes me when someone says X form =polite and Y form=impolite, you will understand why I'm so happy about this (hint: politeness is relative to the situation!). Also, they included some small pronunciation notes on the loss of 애/에 distinction in Seoul dialect, which I found to be a nice touch.

One fault I did find in the notes—one that I have found in past reviews—is that they are peppered with little grammatical errors. Not enough to obscure the meaning of what they are trying to say, but enough that I wonder why a few simple edits were not made to clean it up a bit.

In-course:

The good and bad things that I found in the "Impolite Form 1" learning levels all apply to every other learning level.

In the learning levels, the audio files were on point, though I did not expect anything less since LingoDeer has had (imo) the cleanest audio files of any language app since it first dropped last year. There is even an option to record your own voice when you listen to new audio examples so you can play back and compare your speaking with the example. I'm still waiting for the day that they implement pronunciation-check questions like HelloChinese did, though!

Another thing I liked in the in-course sections is that, when doing sentence building with syllable tiles (if you do not choose to just manually input all of the Hangul yourself), they now have blank tiles representing spaces. This is a huge improvement to just clicking on a bunch of syllables and getting a long string of smashed-together words. Still, spacing in examples and answer displays still could be improved. Particles are still spaced away from the elements that they attach to, and the difference in spacing between attaching element+particle vs. individual elements that would typically be spaced is not large enough to be easily noticeable. I would recommend either spacing regularly spaced elements even farther apart, or better yet, spacing things normally and just coloring particles and other attaching things like the copula 이다 to show that, while they are attached to something else, they are still distinct things.

Another thing I would like to see is more variety in the sentences that you are asked to work with. Seeing an example sentence and then immediately being asked to plug in a missing part of the exact same sentence makes it feel like you see the same sentence too many times, and you could ultimately just memorize the answer instead of having to actually apply knowledge to respond properly. I think that throwing in more sentences using previously learned vocabulary would be nice. I will note that the feeling of seeing the same sentence over and over lessened as I moved through the sections, as it seemed more "unexpected" sentences were getting mixed in gradually. Still, doing that from the very beginning would be great.

Impolite Form 2

Notes:

The biggest bone I had to pick in this notes section is that it claimed that 해체 is always formed by dropping 요 from the "polite" form or 해요체, when that does not in fact always work (ex: honorific -(으)시-). This is clarified in a notes section in a later tile... but still, even though they cleared it up later, I think they should not have made such a blanket statement in the first place, especially since they had already introduced 해요체 sentences with the honorific infix. Someone who has learned those forms but is not yet familiar with -세요 becoming -셔 in해체 could very easily get into a habit of writing sentences like (X) 바쁘세 instead of (O) 바쁘셔.

In-course:

"Impolite Forms 2" is where I made the most bug reports. The previous learning section was very usable, but this one was a bit of a mess still. There were a lot of missing images, and audio would not play. This was especially a problem if you wanted to hear the new example sentences read out, and on listening questions (just had to guess the answers for those!). I trust the team will fix those bugs soon.

Concerning the actual material itself, I was more or less content except with the huge amount of particle-dropping that they jumped into. While dropping particles in Korean is very natural in speech (and especially in 해체), it feels like they went straight from using all of the particles to using literally none in some sentences. There was no mention of this natural particle-dropping in the notes, and I think that it is something that learners should be made properly aware of.

"Will" and "Suggestion"

Notes:

I liked that the information in the notes for these sections was explained in a clear and easy-to-understand way, same as for the other sections.

In-course:

The issues with audio and image loading were gone, and the smooth user experience returned! I just had a minor bone to pick, that being how they translated "심심하다" to "boring" when "bored" would be more accurate. Solid levels overall!

Tests 1 and 2

I wanted to check out some test levels because they could give me an overview of material in the levels yet to come. I was pleasantly surprised: In those first two tests, which cover 16 sections, there was a lot of useful stuff including -기 위하다, the difference between 데려오다/가다 and 가져오다/가다, obligation with -아/어야 되다/하다, reasons with -기 때문이다, honorific particles and verbs, noun modifier endings, and more. All of it is really solid material, and that plus a skim over the titles for lessons further down (up?) the tree have me convinced that there is a lot of solid intermediate information in this new release.

Verdict:

The LingoDeer Korean 2 beta is full of solid information! Only in one level did I run into any serious bugginess, and the rest of my experience was smooth, with some nice changes and additions from what I expected based on my past experience with LingoDeer. Other than bugs, the things that bugged (har har) me the most were issues with how they space particles and such in example and answer display sentences, and the lack of explanation for some things I felt really needed explanation. Overall, LingoDeer remains at the top of my recommended language apps list, and I look forward to giving the Japanese and Chinese betas test runs as well (when I have the time!).

Happy studying~

[moeep-blog]

In the following I will Analyse the pre-chorus of Spring day by BTS and I hope it is easy to understand and a little helpful^^

·  눈꽃이 떨어져요

Snowflakes are falling

눈꽃 means snowflakes or literally snow(눈)flower(꽃) to which is added the 이 as the marker of the subject.

떨어지다 is the verb ‚to fall‘ to which is added the informal-polite sentence ending 아/어요.

·  또 조금씩 멀어져요

Getting farther away

또 means in this context something like ‚moreover‘.

조금씩 means ‘little by little‘, where as 조금 alone means ‚a little‘.

멀다 means ‘far away‘ and the 지 changes its meaning to a progressive form ’getting farther away to which is added the informal-polite sentence ending 아/어요.

So translated is just half of the Korean sentence.

·  보고 싶다 (보고 싶다) 2x

I miss you

보다 is the verb ‚to see‘ to which is added the sentence ending 고 싶다 which can be translated as ‘want to’. It’s in the dictionary for with 다. In this context it can be interpreted as an exclamation.

So literally translated it means ‘I want to see you’.

·  얼마나 기다려야

How much more do I have to wait?

얼마나  is a question word for ‘how much’.

기다리다 means ‘to wait’ to which is added the ending for a subordinate clause ‘have to’ 아/어야. This verse and the next verse are subordinate to 널 보게 될까 and 만나게 될까, so the questionmark stems from these sentences.

·  또 몇 밤을 더 새워야

How many more nights do I have to stay up?

또 was already mentioned above

몇 is a question word for ‚how many‘

밤 means ‚night‘ to which is added the 을 to mark it as the object

더 means ‚more‘

새우다 means ‚stay up all night‘ to which is added the same ending for ‘have to’ 아/어야like before.

·  널 보게 될까 (널 보게 될까)

Until I can see you?

널 consists of너 ‘you’ and the object marker 을/를 (너를)

보다 ‘to see’ is modified by 게 되다 which means something like ‘to become’  (I’m not 100% sure with this) and the informal-friendly sentence ending for a guess 을/ㄹ까 (in different context it could also be a suggestion). This ending makes the sentence including the two verses before a question.

·  만나게 될까 (만나게 될까)

Until I can meet you?

It has the same structure as before, just that the 널 is erased because it is clear in the context and the verb is 만나다 ‘to meet’.

[learning-k0rean]

V STEM{*하}해야 돼요 • V STEM{*(ㅗ,ㅏ)}아야 돼요 • V STEM{≠(하,ㅏ,ㅗ)}어야 돼요

[...·hae·ya dwae·yo] • [...·a·ya dwae·yo] • [...·eo·ya dwae·yo]

(haeyoche speech) (informal polite) (necessity, obligation)

• (declarative present) to have to V

• (interrogative present) do ... have to V ?

If V is from 하다 type ➡ 해야 돼요 ending

If V STEM’s last vowel is ㅏ or ㅗ ➡ 아야 돼요 ending

Else ➡ 어야 돼요 ending

dict. form: V STEM(해/아/어)야 되다

[morninglands-blog]

While the form might seem complicated, it isn’t just like that scary-looking -아/어야 되다/하다. Perhaps you have already noticed, but -아/어도 되다 also follows the same basic principles you’ve seen for the present tense. This means you need to look at the verb stem, more specifically the vowels in it. The rules are:

If the verb stem contains ㅏ or ㅗ, you use -아도 되다.

If not, you use -어도 되다.

For 하다 verbs, the form you use, is 해도 되다.

That isn’t too hard, right? By the way this Korean grammar expression is not limited to just verbs, you can also use it with adjectives. Keep in mind some irregular verbs for this pattern, such as the ㅡ irregular verbs.

There is a slight side note to make on this verb pattern. You aren’t limited to just using -아/어도 되다 as there are other verbs you can use instead of 되다. You can just as easily use -아/어도 괜찮다 or -아/어도 좋다 without any difference in meaning. That lets you spice things up, no?

[dlatkdms-blog]

Have to / Should

Level 2 Lesson 20

Verb stem + 아/어/여 + 야 되다/하다

1. Verb stems ending in vowels ‘ㅏ’ or ‘ㅗ’ + 아야 되다/하다 eg 자야 되요/해요 - have to sleep

2. Verb stems ending in other vowels + 어야 되다/하다 eg 써야 되요/해요 - have to write/use

3. 하 + 여야 되다/하다 eg 뭐 해야 되요 - what do i have to do

[koreanstudyjunkie]

All Intermediate Korean Grammar

⚠️this is a masterlist of intermediate Korean grammar concept. If you want the beginner list, look here! If you want to download this list in order to print it or something similar, I turned it into a PDF and you can access it for free on my website - access it here!

Full List:

Expressing Supposition in Korean

1.1 A-아/어 보이다 or A-게 보이다 grammar = look like, seem like ~guess based on outward appearance

1.2 A/V-(으)ㄴ/는 모양이다 grammar = it seems, I guess ~refer or guess a situation after observation

1.3 A/V-(으)ㄹ텐데 grammar= would, suppose…(so/but) ~express an expected future situation

1.4 A/V-(으)ㄹ 테니까 grammar = suppose,will...(because) ~give reason for suggestion or advice

1.5 A/V-(으)ㄹ걸요 grammar = probably, I think ~express assumption based on backup knowledge

1.6 A/V-(으)ㄴ/는/ㄹ 줄 몰랐다 and -(으)ㄴ/는/ㄹ 줄 알았다 grammar = I didn't know / I thought that

1.7 A/V-(으)ㄹ지도 모르다 grammar = might, may ~express a guess that something might happen

2. Expressing Contrast in Korean

2.1 A/V-기는 하지만, -기는 -지만 grammar = but (I think) ~express contrast with emphasis in different view or belief

2.2 A/V-(으)ㄴ/-는 반면에 grammar = but, while ~express opposite things

2.3 A-(으)ㄴ데도, V-는데도 grammar = although, despite that ~express a contrast

3. Expressing Reason in Korean

3.1 A/V-거든요 grammar = because ~used to respond to a question/statement to provide a reason/thinking

3.2 A/V-잖아(요) grammar = (1) as you know, (2) didn't I told that ~(1) remind listener about something, (2) rebuke listener

3.3 V-느라고 grammar = because, due to ~give a reason for a negative consequence

3.4 V-는 바람에 grammar = because, as a result ~give an unexpected reason for a negative consequence

3.5 A/V-고 해서 grammar = so, because (among all) ~give the main reason among reasons for doing action

3.6 A-(으)ㄴ 탓에/ V-는 탓에 grammar = due to, because ~give reason for a negative consequence

3.7 A/V-(으)ㄹ까 봐 grammar = be worried/afraid that ~express concern about something

3.8 N 덕분에, A/V-(으)ㄴ/는 덕분에 grammar = thanks to ~express the reason for the positive result of an action or state

4. Expressing Resolution and Intent in Korean

4.1 V-(으)ㄹ까 하다 grammar = be thinking of ~express a vague intention or uncertain plan

4.2 V-고자 (하다) grammar = did A to do B/ plan to ~express intention to do an action

4.3 V-(으)려던 참이다 grammar = be just about to ~the speaker is about to do something

4.4 V-(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서)/N 겸 grammar = and also ~express an action has two or more purposes

4.5 V-아/어야지(요) grammar = will do, must do ~express strong intention or decision to do something

5. Expressing Recommendation and Advice in Korean

5.1 V-ㄹ/을 만하다 grammar = be worth doing, deserve ~indicate something worth doing

5.2 V-도록 하다 grammar = please (be sure to) do ~suggest someone do something

5.3 V-지 그래요? grammar = why not, why don't ~suggest someone to do something

5.4 V-는 게 좋(겠)다 grammar = would better, be good to ~advice or suggest someone to do something

 

6. Expressing Recollection in Korean

6.1 V-던 grammar = be used to ~recollect a past habit or repeated behavior

6.2 A/V-더라고요 grammar = I saw/experienced that ~express speaker's recollection about past event with witness

6.3 V-던데요 grammar = I saw/felt/surprised that ~express contradiction to one’s speaking or surprise to something

 

7. Using Passive Expressions in Korean

7.1 Irregular Korean passive verbs with (-이/히/리/기) suffix = to be V-ed

7.2 V-아/어지다 grammar = to be V-ed ~a passive form that is used with verbs without -이/히/리/기-affix

7.3 V-게 되다 grammar = get V-ed, end up V-ing ~passive form without subject’s will

8. Using Causative Expressions in Korean

8.1 단어 사동사 (-이/히/리/기/우/추-) irregular causative verbs = subject cause/do something for someone

8.2 A/V-게 하다 grammar = make someone do/be something ~subject makes someone do action

9. Expressing Conditions in Korean

9.1 V-아/어야 grammar = (have to) do A, so B can ~express a condition to realize something

9.2 A/N/V-거든 grammar = if (something is true), then ~express condition in casual conversation

10. Expressing Additional Information in Korean

10.1 V-(으)ㄹ 뿐만 아니라 grammar = not only A, but also B ~express additional information

10.2 V-ㄴ/는 데다가 grammar = and also, moreover ~express additional information about the same subject

10.3 N-조차 grammar = (not) even …~ “not only the others but also the primary one”

10.4 N-만 해도 grammar = just, even just N ~provide examples to explain a previous statement

10.5 A/V-고요 and -구요 grammar = also, too ~ used to add information or ask for additional information

11. Expressing Mid-action in Korean

11.1 V-는 길에 grammar = on the way, while going ~doing something while going somewhere

11.2 V-다가 grammar = and/but then ~express interruption of one action to do another

12. Expressing Degree in Korean

12.1 A/V-(으)ㄹ 정도로 grammar = (to the extent) that ~express degree or extent of an action or state

12.2 N-만 하다 grammar = as big as, about the size of ~compare the size or degree of something to another

12.3 A(으)ㄴ 만큼, N만큼, V는 만큼 grammar = as much as, like ~indicate something equivalent to another

13. Expressing Choice in Korean

13.1 아무 +(이)나/ 아무 +도 grammar = anyone, anything... /nobody, nothing...

13.2 N(이)나 grammar (3) = N or something ~express an acceptable option without specific preference

13.3 N(이)라도 grammar = even N ~choose 2nd choice if the best isn't available

13.4 A/N/V-든지 든지 grammar = whether… or... ~expressing any choices are fine

13.5 A-ㄴ/은 대신에, V-는 대신에 grammar = instead of V-ing ~action can be replaced by another

14. Expressing Time Order/ Sequential-based Situation in Korean

14.1 N 만에 grammar = (a time period) after doing ~a duration has passed after an event started

14.2 V-아/어 가지고 grammar = and (then) ~express time order of 2 actions

14.3 V-아/어다가 grammar = and then ~action is done based on the previous one or activity that occurs in 2 places

14.4 V-고서 grammar = and then ~ express time order of 2 actions

15. Expressing Discovery / Cause and Effect in Korean

15.1 V-고 보니 grammar = after finishing something, I realized/ found out

15.2 V-다 보니 grammar = while/after doing sth repeatedly, I realize/come to

15.3 V-다 보면 grammar = if you keep doing, then (something will likely occur)

15.4 A/V-더니 grammar = (1) and now, (2) and then, (3) but now

15.5 V-았/었더니 grammar = (1) 'so...now', (2) 'and I found that', (3) connecting quote with action, (4) recall a behavior

15.6 A/V-다가는 grammar = if (the action is continued, a negative outcome will occur)

15.7 A/N/V-(으)ㄴ/는 셈이다 grammar = I could say, it's practically (more or less similar to another)

15.8 V-기 쉽다 and V-기 어렵다 grammar = easy to/ difficult to ~express something easy or difficult to do

16. Expressing State of Being in Korean

16.1 V-아/어 놓다 grammar = keep V-ing/ do sth beforehand (for future use)

16.2 V-아/어 두다 grammar = keep V-ing/ do sth in advance (for future use)

16.3 V-(으)ㄴ 채로 grammar = while ~action occurs while maintaining the state of a situation

16.4 N-대로, V-ㄴ/는 대로 grammar = based on, just as expected, as soon as

17. Expressing Characteristics in Korean

17.1 A-(으)ㄴ 편이다, V-는 편이다 grammar = rather A, tend to V...(than usual)

17.2 N-스럽다 grammar = Adj (-ful, -ly, -some,...) ~Express a quality or feeling like the noun

17.3 N-답다 grammar = N-like, be like a N ~Express an expected quality associated with the noun

18. Expressing Emphasis in Korean

18.1 얼마나 A-(으)ㄴ지 모르다, 얼마나 V-는지 모르다 grammar = didn't know that something really A/V ~emphasize the degree of action or state

18.2  A/V-(으)ㄹ 수밖에 없다 grammar = have no choice but to do V, be expected to be A

18.3 A/N/V-(으)ㄹ 뿐이다 grammar = only, just ~indicate only one available course of action/state

18.4 N-(이)야말로 grammar = indeed, exactly, the very ~emphasize the preceding noun

19. Expressing Intentions in Korean

19.1 V-게 grammar = so that, in order to ~focus on the goal to do action

19.2 V-도록 grammar = in order to, so that ~focus on the action to achieve the goal

20. Expressing Completion in Korean

20.1 V-았/었다가 grammar = but then ~after the completion of an event, the opposite event happens

20.2 A/N/V-았/었던 grammar = (reminiscence) ~recall a past event that has not continued to present.

20.3 V-아/어 버리다 grammar = Express speaker’s feeling to the completed event/action

20.4 V-고 말다 grammar = end up V-ing ~showing an unplanned action completed undesirably

21. Expressing Uselessness in Korean

21.1 V-(으)나 마나 grammar = 'be no use doing/ even without doing' ~the result is same whether or not you do

21.2 A/V-아/어 봤자 grammar = even if doing/ being...it's no use/ won't be that much

22. Expressing Hypothetical Situation in Korean

22.1 N(이)라면, A/V-ㄴ/는다면 grammar = If this/that happens, one will/ would...

22.2 A/V/N-았/었더라면 grammar = If I had ~assume a past situation opposite to what happened

22.3 V-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다 grammar = almost, nearly ~indicate something almost happened but did not

23. Expressing Regrets in Korean

23.1 V-(으)ㄹ걸 그랬다 grammar = 'I should have' ~regret not doing something better than what was done

23.2 A/V-았/었어야 했는데 grammar = 'I should have done' ~regret something should have done but did not

24. Expressing Habits and Attitudes in Korean

24.1 V-곤 하다 grammar = (1) often, (2) used to ~indicate a habit of present or past

24.2 A/V/N-기는요 grammar = 'not really', 'no need to' ~Politely disagree with one’s statement or compliment

24.3 A-(으)ㄴ 척하다, N인 척하다, V는 척하다 grammar = pretend to, act like

25. Citing One's Speech or Writing in Korean 

25.1 A/V/N-다고 하던데 grammar = I heard that...~recall something you heard from someone

25.2 A/V/N-다고요? grammar = did you say/ I said … ~reconfirm/restate what you've just heard/said

25.3 A/V/N-다면서요? grammar = is it true that... ~confirm something you’ve heard or learned

25.4 A/V/N-다니요? grammar = ...really? ~express surprise or disbelief while repeating what someone said.

⚠️I got this list from the “KoreanTopik” website, but you can find a list of grammar like this in ‘Korean Grammar In Use’ textbook. If you didn’t know there’s also a website that has all the lessons - sayhikorean.blogspot.

[dailykoreanselfstudy]

~아/어/여 + 야 되다/하다, -아/어/여도 되다, ~(으)면 안 되다, ~아/어 + 야지(요)

1.~아/어/여 + 야 되다/하다

Exemples : 자다 = dormir 자 + -아/어/여 + -야 되다/하다 --> 자 + "-아" + -야 되다/하다 (Vous choisissez "-아" parce que 자 se termine avec la voyelle "ㅏ") --> 자야 되다/하다 (Vous enlevez alors le -아 car c'est la même chose que "ㅏ") --> 자야 되다 et 자야 하다 signifient la même chose. 쓰다 = utiliser, écrire 쓰 + -아/어/여 + -야 되다/하다 --> 쓰 + “-어” + -야 되다/하다 (Vous choisissez "-어" car 쓰 ne se termine pas "ㅏ" ou "ㅗ") --> 써야 되다/하다 (쓰 + 어 ensemble deviennent "써") --> 써야 되다 et 써야 하다 signifient la même chose. La structure est alors simplement : 1. les racines verbales se terminant par les voyelles "ㅏ" ou "ㅗ" + -아야 되다/하다 2. les racines verbales se terminant par les autres voyelles + -어야 되다/하다 3. 하 + -여야 되다/하다 Une des trois règles ci-dessus. Quelle est la différence entre 하다 et 되다 ici ? - La seule différence est que 되다 est plus utilisé à l'oral.

• Exemples: 1. 집에 가야 돼요.  = Je dois rentrer à la maison. 2. 저는 뭐 해야 돼요?  = Que devrais-je faire ? 3. 언제까지 여기에 있어야 돼요?  = Jusqu'à quand je devrais être ici ? 4. 누구한테 줘야 돼요?  = À qui devrais-je donner ceci ? 5. 어디에서 사야 돼요?  = Où devrais-je acheter ceci ?

2. ~아/어/여도 되다

"c'est possible/autorisé de..." et "ne pas avoir à faire..." ou "ne pas avoir besoin de..." . Pour pouvoir dire ça, vous aurez besoin d'utiliser la construction suivante : -아/어/여도 되다  Comment ça marche 되다 signifie "fonctionner", "être possible" ou "pouvoir faire". Ex) 지금 인터넷 돼요? (Est-ce que l'internet fonctionne maintenant ?) Ex) 배달 돼요? (Peux-tu le livrer ?) 도 signifie "aussi" (lorsqu'il est utilisé avec les noms) Ex) 저도 갈 거예요. (J'y vais, moi aussi.) Ex) 이것도 주세요. (Donnez-moi celui-là aussi.) -아/어/여 + -도 signifie "même si", "quand bien même" (lorsqu'il utilisé avec des racines verbales) Ex) 먹어도 (même si tu manges) Ex) 몰라도 (même si tu n'es pas au courant) Lorsqu'ils sont combinés, -아/어/여 + -도 + 되다 = -아/어/여도 되다 signifie "c'est possible de ..." ou "c'est bon même si tu ..." • Exemples: 켜다 = allumer, mettre sous tension 켜도 되다 = c'est possible d'allumer ..., c'est bon même si tu mets sous tension... 켜도 돼요. = C'est bon. Tu peux l'allumer. 하다 = faire 해도 되다 = c'est autorisé de faire ..., c'est bon même si tu fais... 내일 해도 돼요. = C'est ok si tu le fais demain. Tu peux le faire demain.

• Exemples: 1. 이거 나중에 해도 돼요. = Tu peux faire ça plus tard. (Forme interrogative : 이거 나중에 해도 돼요? = Puis-je le faire plus tard ?) 2. 컴퓨터 써도 돼요? = Puis-je utiliser l'ordinateur ? 3. 오늘 쉬어도 돼요.= Vous pouvez prendre un jour de congés aujourd'hui. Comment dire "ne pas avoir à faire..." En utilisant la même construction (-아/어/여 + -도 + 되다) et en ajoutant 안  au début, vous pouvez dire "ne pas avoir à faire...." ou "il n'est pas nécessaire de..." 해도 돼요. = Vous pouvez le faire. C'est bon si vous le faites. 안 해도 돼요.= Vous n'avez pas à le faire. C'est bon si vous le ne faites pas. 먹어도 돼요.  = Vous pouvez le manger. C'est bon si vous le mangez. 안 먹어도 돼요. = Vous n'avez pas à le manger. C'est bon si vous ne le mangez pas. 안 + -아/어/여 + -도 + 되다 N'est PAS "vous ne devriez pas ...". Nous verrons comment dire "vous ne devriez pas ..." en coréen dans la prochaine leçon (leçon 9 du niveau 4).

3. ~(으)면 안 되다

Maintenant dans cette leçon, regardons comment dire "vous ne devriez pas..." ou "vous n'êtes pas censés faire..." en coréen. La construction de base est : Racine verbale + -(으)면 안 되다 -(으)면 안 되다 peut être décomposée en deux parties : -(으)면 et 안 되다 -(으) 면 signifie "si" . 되다 signifie "travailler", "fonctionner", "être possible" ou "pouvoir faire", c'est pourquoi 안 되다 signifie "ça ne peut pas être fait", "il n'est pas possible" ou "ce n'est pas bon". Par conséquent, -(으)면 안 되다 signifie littéralement "ce n'est pas bien si..." ou "ce n'est pas acceptable si...". Il est plus naturel de traduire ça en français par "vous ne devriez pas..." ou "vous n'êtes pas censés..." • Exemples: 1. 열다 = ouvrir 열면 안 돼요. = Vous ne devriez pas l'ouvrir. Vous n'êtes pas censés l'ouvrir. (Contraire : 열어도 돼요. = C'est bon si vous l'ouvrez. Vous pouvez l'ouvrir.) 2. 만지다 = toucher 만지면 안 돼요. = Vous ne devriez pas le toucher. Vous ne pouvez pas le toucher. (Contraire : 만져도 돼요. = C'est autorisé de le toucher. Vous pouvez le toucher.)

• Entraînement supplémentaire de conjugaison verbale:

1. 던지다 = jeter Vous ne devriez pas le jeter. = 던지면 안 돼요.  Vous pouvez le jeter. = 던져도 돼요. 2. 팔다 = vendre Vous ne devriez pas le vendre. = 팔면 안 돼요.  C'est bien de le vendre. = 팔아도 돼요.  3. 말하다 = raconter, parler Vous ne devriez pas parler. = 말하면 안 돼요.  Vous pouvez parler. = 말해도 돼요.  

4. ~아/어 + 야지(요) traduit par moi

Verbe + 아 / 어 / 여 + 야 지: Cette structure est utilisée pour indiquer l'obligation, mais elle est plus forte et insistante que les structures V + 아 / 어 + 야 ���다 et V + 아 / 어 + 야 하다. Elle est souvent utilisés comme réponse à quelque chose d'évident ou dite lorsque l'autre personne sait que quelque chose doit être fait. Lorsqu'elle est utilisée comme réponse , cette structure est approximativement égale à «(bien sûr) je dois« ~ ou »(bien sûr) je dois ~» en français.  *ne peut pas être utilisé en question

• Exemples:

1. 밥 먹어야지. = Je dois manger

2.  다음 역에서 내려야지 =  Tu dois descendre à la prochaine station. * cela sonne comme si l’autre personne devrait savoir que la prochaine station est là où il doit descendre. 

[su-eop]

Intermediate I Lesson 3: 으려면, if you intend to

-으려면 is a shortened form of “-으려고 하면” and it holds the same meaning as “if you intend to” or “if you want to”. This grammar point is used frequently when giving or requesting advice about an intended action. It’s usually paired with -아/어야 하다, -으세요, -이/가 필요하다, or -으면 되다.

-으려면 is used with verbs and attaches directly to the verb stem. -으려면 is used with verb stems ending in a consonant. -려면 is used with verb stems ending in a vowel.

Let’s look at some examples.

학생: 김 선생님 지금 계세요? 다른 선생님: 지금 안 계세요. 김 선생님을 만나려면 3시 이후에 오세요. Student: Is Kim teacher here now? Other teacher: She’s not here right now. If you want to meet Kim teacher, please come back after 3 o’clock.

레오: 미국에 여행 가고 싶어요. 켄: 미국에 가려면 비자가 필요해요. Leo: I want to go on a trip to America. Ken: If you intend on going to America you need a visa.

학생: 책을 빌리려면 어떻게 해야 해요? 선생님: 학생증을 가지고 도서관에 가면 돼요. Student: If I intend to borrow a book, what do I have to do? Teacher: Bring your student ID with you and go to the library.

벤: 건강해지려면 어떻게 해야 해요? 찬미: 많이 걸으세요. 그러면 건강해져요. Ben: If I want to get healthy, what do I have to do? Chanmi: Walk a lot. If you do that, your health will improve.

Now you’ll notice that in the above examples that “want to” is an acceptable translation for this grammar point. But we already know that “to want to do” something in Korean is -고 싶다. Paired with -면 (if), you can use -고 싶으면 to say “if you want to--”.

의사가 되려면 공부를 많이 해야 돼요. If you want to become a doctor, you have to study a lot.

의사가 되고 싶으면 공부를 많이 해야 돼요. If you want to become a doctor, you have to study a lot.

So you can see that these two grammar points can be used almost interchangeably.

However, there is a difference that exists. When you use -으려면, the 려 of the construction implies that an effort needs to be made to complete the desired action. You really need to make an effort to study a lot when you want to be a doctor, so using -으려면 in this case makes a lot of sense. But if you just wanted to go to the park, no effort beyond simply going to the park needs to be made so -고 싶으면 makes more sense in that situation, and cannot be used interchangeably with -으려면.

That’s all for this lesson. :) See you next time!

[miumou]

~(으)면 (안) 되다 — One must not, it’s okay if…

~(으)면 안 되다:

“ One must not”

As a question (?), can be used to softly make a request, or “if there will be a problem if (x) occurs”.

~(으)면 되다

“One can/should” “It’s okay if you…”

Softer than “~아/어야 되다” as it’s just a suggestion/advice.

[a-pop-of-korean]

hello! I am so SORRY to bother you over this, I am at a very basic beginner level, but I need to know if [그 남자를 잡아야 돼요] is a correct sentence for [You have to capture/arrest this man], and if not then what would be correct. Also what are other ways to say "you/I have to/need to/must"?🥺🥺🥺

Hi! Never apologize for asking questions! You're sentence is correct though! -아/어야 되다 or -아/어야 하다 are both ways to say that you need to do something or should do something. I don't believe there's any difference in usage or nuance between the two.

If any of you want to learn more about this grammar point, check out my lesson on it here! Hope this helps! 화이팅!