#volhynia massacre

[immaculatasknight]

Enough is enough

[retrowaving1]

The post I've been writing for 7 days

Sorry, this post is very serious and extremely personal, but I feel the need to say something about one dark event of Ukrainian-Polish mutual relationships

11th of July is considered to be the 80th anniversary of Volhynia Massacres, also known in Poland as the Bloody Sunday and one of the darkest pages in Ukrainian and Polish mutual history. Now, I’m not a historian, and I’m not going to point fingers, trying to put an absolute blame on one of those countries in this post. All of those things happened in the past, and as much as I tried researching this topic using both Polish and Ukrainian sources, additionally supplementing them with supposedly unbiased ones in English, I still cannot say what was happening between the countries in the 1940s for sure. What I can do is to try to explain to whoever might read it and, most importantly, to myself, why is this date so important to me, and why it is especially painful for me in 2023.

The Ukrainian Pole, or how my family lost (and found) their roots

Well, let me start from a little (NOT) introduction about myself. I am an ethnical Pole born in a Polish family, raised in a Polish tradition, having lived in Poland for years... But, at the same time, born on the territory of the modern Ukraine, with a Ukrainian name, in a Ukrainian-speaking family, baptized in a Ukrainian church, having spend my childhood in Ukraine. Do you feel confused after reading this? Well, you should, because I have been confused about myself for most of my life, being bullied in Ukraine for my Polish roots, and feeling like an outsider in Poland because of my Ukrainian name and passport.

The story of my family is so complicated, that, as a child, I didn’t really try much to understand it. I kind of accepted the fact that both my grandmothers are Polish and didn’t really try to understand how that is possible. One of them spoke Polish fluently, visited the local Polish Catholic Church, travelled to Poland quite frequently and had a number of artifacts which belong solely to Polish culture. Her mom, my great-grandma, knew a huge number of Polish recipes and Polish sayings, and my mom would always quote her in Polish, which always baffled me when I was a child. My mom doesn’t speak Polish so well and can only read in Polish, but knows all the prayers in Polish and visits Polish Catholic Church, saying that it’s the only place where she feels at peace. I never understood that, and never questioned that.

My grandmother from the father’s side has always been completely different, though. She understood Polish, but never said a word in that language. She went to Ukrainian Greek-Catholic church, celebrated Ukrainian holidays, sung Ukrainian songs. Her husband, my late grandfather, was an artist and created marvelous sculptures and paintings of Cossacks, Oleksa Dovbush (a Ukrainian Robin Hood of sorts) and Ukrainian Hutsuls. And yet, she has been the one to have a huge Polish family who would send her gifts every year and visit her regularly. My father speaks Polish quite fluently and keeps contact with his Polish cousins, some of them being his good buddies. Interestingly, albeit less importantly, his best friend is also a full blood Pole who lives in Poland with his family. Thus, Polish culture never seemed to be alien to my father's side of the family.

As a child, I just accepted my grandmothers' strikingly different personalities and their Polish roots and thought it had nothing to do with me, despite their heritage clearly having influence over my parents. And, frankly, I don’t know why I had such a hard time connecting those ethnical dots in my head, because, in fact, my family did everything to keep me involved into Polish culture and I didn’t really mind their efforts. I used to “just” accept them, too. Going to Polish Catholic Church on each and every holiday? Okay. Going to Polish-speaking kindergarten at the age of five? Fine, the toys are cool there, and who am I to complain about cool toys? Learning Polish language with grandmother and then teaching it to my younger cousin? Easy, I like learning languages. Going to Polish summer camp - why not? Learning prayers, Christmas carols and folk songs in Polish? Neat, I love folk songs. Becoming an official member of Polish community? Okay. Visiting two Polish language schools at the same time? Seems a little bit redundant, but I don’t mind. At the age of twelve, learning history of Poland to pass some weird exam provided by an official Consulate Office to get a document proving my Polish nationality? Yup. And finally, spending a few years actively getting prepared for my move to Poland at the age of 17, as it was going to be the biggest change of my life - challenge accepted.

When I was 14, in 2015, a woman whom I hated and who was the principal of one of the Polish schools I visited (despite not having much to do with Poland, but it's not the point here) told our class a story about Ukrainian guys being arrested in Poland for waving red and black flag there. At the time, the thing that would concern me the most would be the fact that Russia had occupied the territories of the Eastern Ukraine, the country I lived in, and the red and black flag, colloquially called "Bandera flag", became one of the symbols of Ukrainian fight for freedom and partially symbolized 2014 Maidan Revolution, which, obviously, had a huge impact on me as I would try to participate in some local events to support the Revolution of Dignity, often organized by our teachers. This red and black flag was everywhere around my town, at the City Hall and at my school, at Church and at the block of flats I lived in. Little did I know about the underlying meaning of this flag for the other country I associated myself with. Ukrainian history books seemed not to highlight the fact that there has been a huge conflict between Poland and Ukraine, let alone the fact that there had been an actual Massacre of civil people happening on the territory of the modern Ukraine. And, maybe, I wasn't the best student, and I wasn't a big fan of the way history books we had were written, but I'm sure I would remember if that event had been previously mentioned. I knew nothing about it, and I didn't understand the connection.

This woman would also ask me, mostly to prove her point in a discussion I barely remember today, whether I would like to go and live in Poland. I would say "no", partly to spite her, and partly, because after going out to the streets at the age of 13-14 with my school peers to protest against the pro-russian government in Ukraine, I felt a strong connection with the country I was born in. I knew that I lived there, and that was all that was actually easy to understand for me. Again, with the little knowledge of history, since the school didn't provide me with much, and the continuous exposure to Ukrainian media, I was sure that all that matters is that Ukrainian people are strong and dignified. And it was and remains true. I truly wanted to be a true Ukrainian at the time.

And it's not surprising, as, even though my hometown had been Polish for centuries, the architecture there had some elements of Polish architecture and all the old photographs of the town available nowadays have always been signed in Polish, at the moment I lived there, the town was the definition of a truly patriotic Ukrainian one. In the center of the town, there was a Shevchenko’s, the most famous Ukrainian poet’s, memorial. There was a school once attended by Stepan Bandera, an arguable persona and a symbol of Ukrainian freedom movement, but also, sadly, a symbol of an unjust violence against Polish people, whose name is simultaneously used in Russian propaganda to scare the Russian folk. My school had been blessed by a Ukrainian priest (a former pole, who rejected his polish roots, Andrej Szeptycki, but I knew nothing of his biography at the time) and was covered with Ukrainian symbols all over it, including the national flag and the "Bandera flag". That was my environment. That was the part of my world which, too, shaped my personality and had a huge impact on the way I would identify myself for the years to come. But what about my Polish heritage, going against all of the said symbols?

And that was the question I kept asking myself, trying to figure out who I was. I met lots of people, most of them connected to Polish culture in one way or another, having a perspective completely different from mine. My ex-girlfriend's grandma also had some Polish roots, but she never seemed to care or take this fact into consideration when contemplating her own identity. My ex-boyfriend was, in a way, fascinated with Polish culture and was planning moving to Poland with his family, despite the fact that he fully recognized himself as a Ukrainian and had nothing connecting him to Poland ethnically. My friend from Belarus (whom I no longer communicate with for reasons neither related to the ongoing war nor to anything this post concerns), who also had the same document I did - the one proving being of Polish nationality, - always identified herself as Belarusian rather than Polish, despite the fact that her Polish was quite good and when we met we both lived and studied in Poland on equal terms. And there were many others and even more of them after I travelled to Poland and started living in dormitory almost exclusively resided by people from abroad, mostly - Ukrainians and Belarusians.

Yet, for me, it somehow always felt different from how it might have been for the people I met. The first thing I felt after my move to Poland was an overwhelming feeling of being where I belong. Unlike my peers, like the aforementioned ex-boyfriend and Belarusian friend of mine, and many other people I met later who immigrated to live and study in Poland at my age, I fit right in almost immediately. Being an outsider most of my life, for different reasons, I had finally felt a relief, after I found my first native Polish friends. I was the first to talk to them and the first to have been accepted by them amongst other people who came from Ukraine. And it felt right.

Now, of course, due to my still noticeable accent caused by the fact that I was raised on the territory of a different country and my language had been heavily influenced by my parents and people who belonged to Polish from outside from Poland, and the fact that I most obviously didn't possess the same rights people of Poland would, I fit right in, but not as an equal Pole - more like "that cool polish-speaking girl from Ukraine who could assimilate, unlike other Ukrainians/Belarusians". I didn't mind, probably because I was still young and still wasn't sure about my identity and was not acutely aware of my family history. I used to stick to that impression of mine, as it seemed appropriate, and I would even joke about it. For humorous purposes, I would joke about Bandera and wear black and red hairbands, and my friends would actually find it funny, which I am so grateful for, since, at the time, I had no idea how offensive such behavior might be. Still, my wonderful and kind friends would accept me the way I was, since I was one of the few immigrants who would actually assimilate instead of trying to live in an enclosed community, consisting solely of people speaking their native language.

Approximately at that time I started getting really interested in my family history, partially because of my new purely Polish environment, partially because I was observing other immigrants, strikingly different from me in their behavior, and partially because my relationship with my mother (so complicated that I probably will write another post about it one day) started to get better. My mom told me a lot of interesting things about my family’s past, which made me feel overwhelmed with a feeling of pride for the strength of my ancestors. My great-grandmother from mother’s side had a tragic fate. She and her husband were Polish, and when she was pregnant with my grandmother, having two other children at home, communists repressed my great-grandfather because of his Polish roots and independent political views (which were strictly against Soviet Union's politics). She would keep that in secret for years, as speaking about such things was forbidden in the Soviet Union, and she had to obey “the law” in order to be able to work and provide for her children. Furthermore, she didn’t know whether her husband was dead or alive. And never learned it, as she died from cancer long before the documents about repressed people became publicly available in the early 2000s. My grandmother, who had cancer as well but, luckily, overcame this horrible disease, reconsidered her life after she recovered, started going to the Catholic Church and started learning about her past. That’s how she revealed her father was sent to one of the Soviet Concentrations Camps, and died there. She encouraged my mom to restore some Polish traditions, and they both started practicing and speaking Polish again. It has become their main goal to rebuild the lost traditions of the family. Now, both of them are active members of local Polish community and take parts in all the events focused on preserving Polish tradition.

My father’s mother had a completely different history. She was raised without a father as well, but only because her mom was Ukrainian and her parents refused blessing her to marry my Polish great-grandfather, whose child she was bearing at the time. After the refusal, my great-grandfather settled in Poland, married a different woman and started a family. Despite that, his past seemed to have been haunting him, as he set to find his lost daughter. And he did, when my grandmother was 30 and a mom of two children herself. At first, my grandmother didn’t want to keep in touch with her newfound father: “I was an orphan for all of my life and achieved everything myself, why would I need a father now, when I am an adult and started my own family” - these are the words she still repeats every time she tells me that story, and every single time she bursts into tears when talking about the reunion with her family. Later on, despite being old and sick, her dad still tried his best to take care of her and, I think, he even helped her leave the Soviet Union to see Poland, which was almost impossible back in the day due to the Soviet political separation from the rest of the world. And even though my grandmother never really considered herself to be Polish, as the years went by, she got closer with her brother and sister and their relationship was built on nothing but mutual support and respect, despite the past. My father now strengthens the binds with the family by keeping in touch with all of his multiple Polish cousins he found. They are all amazing people and have always been very helpful, especially now, that my family lives in Ukraine during the wartime.

Now, what about me? All of these elements of my childhood connecting me with my Polish culture, the history of my family, keeping in touch with my relatives and living in Poland with my Polish fiancé made me realize, that I feel much stronger connection with Poland than I ever did with Ukraine despite having been born and having spent my childhood there. Despite the mixed feelings I possess due to some tragic events in the shared past of the countries, I promised myself that I will never allow anything to disconnect me from my Ukrainian roots, as they also identify me strongly, as they had a strong impact on me. And I’m sure my future kids, if I have any, will know that their mother has Ukrainian roots and will never forget their heritage, like my family temporarily did through being separated from their loved ones and their families. They will be Polish for sure, as I want to raise kids in Poland, the country I love wholeheartedly, but I will make sure they know the complicated history of their ancestors. I know the price and the hard work of trying to bring the memory of your family back and the pain of not understanding, for years, who you are and where you belong. This is who I am - a Polish person of Ukrainian descent. And there's nothing in the world that will change it.

The haunting memory of the past

However, there have always been this one thing that would tear me apart from inside, for different reasons. As an ignorant child, I didn't know about it, as a teenager trying to figure myself out, I didn't understand it, and then, as an adult, I learned more about it and just couldn't believe it. The 11th of July is the most painful day in the history of the countries for me, and this year I spent it in grief and with a feeling of unjust guilt inside of me. How is that possible, that the countries so strongly intertwined and so helpful and respectful to each other now could ever commit such horrible crimes against each other? Again, I’m not a historian, but I know that the whole world rather agrees that there were victims amongst innocent civilians on both sides, Ukrainians being killed by Armia Krajowa and Poles - by UPA and OUN, but the amount of bloodshed and the level of atrocities committed against Polish people would probably be at least comparable (if not overshadowing) to the crimes Russian army commits against Ukrainians in Bucha. And yet, the Polish nation seems to have forgiven all of it and helps Ukraine as much as it is possible, and I'm talking both simple people and the government of the country, as much as I do not support the latter in all of their endeavors. My family members have never participated in any of the events in which Ukrainian army would fight against Polish one, neither as victims nor as murderers, but still, I feel guilt. I feel guilt that something like that could ever happen to my Polish nation by the hands of the Ukrainian one. And what is even worse, that event will never be forgotten, at least not until Ukraine allows Polish historians to visit the place where the Massacre happened and study that place, count the possible victims. And the most disgusting part of it is probably the fact that such a tragedy, dividing the two nations, is used by Russian propaganda to create a conflict between the people of the countries.

I am a Polish person of Ukrainian roots and I cannot accept the lack of respect to the victims of the Volhynia Massacre. All I want, as a descendant of both nations, is for Polish and Ukrainian historians and politics to finally open up and, with respect, talk about it. I do not think that screaming “ne na chasi, je wiyna, a de washi wybachennya” could ever fix anything. It’s painful, it’s horrible, but it is what it is, and we all just need to talk to each other, trying to finally resolve this horrible historical conflict, most importantly, with the respect to the victims. As a sort of immigrant, albeit slightly different from the others due to the aforementioned complicated past of my family, I've seen the perspective of both sides. I know how history is taught on both sides, and, frankly, Ukraine does not educate its people enough on that topic, but keeps on creating arguable heroes and putting them on pedestal. Due to that, Ukrainians seem to lack the perspective of other nations and often act arrogantly when having to live in the country of their former enemies. Currently, Poland has been nothing but welcoming. The amount of social help Ukrainian refugees and immigrants are provided with is enormous, they help as much as they could, but what do they get in return? Angry comments under the news about "honoring the victims of Volhynia massacre", saying that Polish people are "clowns" and comparing them to Russians (meanwhile, most of the Ukrainians currently living in Poland are literally speaking Russian and prefer not to switch neither to their native Ukrainian nor to Polish - there's something about the assimilation). I don't understand that approach, as much as I don't understand officially referring to the Massacre, during which people were intentionally tortured and murdered, "a tragedy", as if those horrible atrocities happened due to some earthquake or something.

And it’s probably an extremely controversial statement for the modern Ukraine, but wouldn’t it just be nice if you didn’t glorify the murderers? And I don’t care whether they had good intentions or not, in the 21st century, instead of glorifying ZSU or other ACTUAL heroes you are clinging to the memory of dubious organization who would fight for clarity of Ukrainian nation, collaborate with Nazis and murder the civilians of other nationalities just because they were Polish or Jewish. Like, what the actual heck. I was born and brought up in a town in which there is a museum of Bandera, a school which Bandera attended and a monument to that figure, while the whole world believes the reputation of this person to be arguable to say the least. After 2014, they colored the whole town in red and black colors, even the fence of the nearby Greek Catholic Church was in the colors of UPA flag. The crimes of those people genuinely overshadow the positive influences they had and maybe, just maybe, Ukrainians and people of Ukrainian descent should pay much more attention to your modern heroes - ZSU army - who defend the country at the moment and do their best to save as many civilians as they can...

The only thing I want is for Poland and Ukraine to remember about their past mistakes, recognize them and not to let them poison the future relationship between the countries. I want for people to be at peace. That’s it. Let’s be the change we want to see in the world.

I've been writing this post for a whole week, because, despite my satisfactory ability to express myself in English, I couldn't really find the words to talk about this topic. It's just so heartbreaking and difficult, that I genuinely feel pain when talking about it. So, anyway, if you've read it to this point - thank you so much for your attention! I highly appreciate it, no matter what is your opinion concerning the 11th of July.

[forbiddenseek]

The Volhynian massacre was an event that took place during World War II and was the largest crime committed against Poles by Ukrainians. The event is controversial and evokes emotions on both sides, and its impact on Polish-Ukrainian relations is still felt. The history of the massacre in Volhynia dates back to 1943 when Ukrainian nationalist units carried out a massacre on the Polish population, as well as on Ukrainians who did not support their ideology. According to estimates, about 100,000 people died as a result of these attacks, of which the majority were Poles.

[beardedmrbean]

Kyiv has confirmed there are no obstacles to exhuming the remains of Poles massacred by Ukrainians during WWII, Poland’s foreign minister said on Tuesday, signaling an apparent breakthrough in a thorny problem souring relations between the two nations.

The issue of exhumations has often threatened to derail ties between Kyiv and Warsaw, a staunch backer of Ukraine in its war against Russia. Polish Foreign Minister Radosław Sikorski announced what appeared to be a turning point after meeting his Ukrainian counterpart Andriy Sybiha in Warsaw on Tuesday. Sikorski said: “Ukraine confirms that there are no obstacles to the conduct of search and exhumation work on the territory of Ukraine by Polish state institutions and private entities in cooperation with relevant Ukrainian institutions... and declares its readiness to positively consider applications in these matters.” Poland has long campaigned for its investigators to be given full access in Ukraine to exhume massacre victims. A series of killings by Ukrainian nationalists lasting from 1943 to 1945 in regions of modern-day Ukraine, the so-called Volhynia Massacre claimed the lives of an estimated 100,000 Polish men, women and children.

While Poland views the massacre as genocide, Ukrainians have been divided on how to classify the killings, with some historians framing it as part of a broader Polish-Ukrainian conflict. Sybiha said that the two countries were working on practical mechanisms for conducting search and exhumation work, adding: “Every family has the right to honor the memory of their ancestors.” The Ukrainian foreign minister also expressed his “deep gratitude to every Pole, every Polish family for their immense support for Ukraine.” Sybiha added that cooperation between Warsaw and Kyiv "is a guarantee of security, stability and development both for both countries and for the whole of Europe."

[warcrimesimulator]

had a dream again about the volhynia massacres but this time I was in the UPA and I was trying to kill a Polish woman who was hiding and i could NOT find her anywhere i was so mad. nobody was even helping me it was so humiliating. Can't have shit, and on war crime wednesday too. SAD.

[head-post]

Poland sets condition for Ukraine’s accession to EU

Poland will block Ukraine’s accession to the European Union until Kyiv addresses the issue of exhumation of Volhynia massacre victims, according to Defence Minister Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz.

There will be no consent for Ukraine to join the European Union if it does not resolve the Volhynia issue.

On Wednesday, the Ukrainian Institute of National Remembrance announced plans to allow field research into the Volhynia massacre in the western Rivne region in 2025, a dark episode of mass killings by Ukrainian nationalists during World War II.

The dispute soured relations between the two countries. Poland praised Ukraine’s decision to prepare the ground for the exhumation.

Kosiniak-Kamysz added that even if EU member states agreed to Ukraine joining the bloc, his Polish People’s Party would block a decision if the issue remained unresolved. The Polish government estimated that about 100,000 Poles and 5,000 Ukrainians were killed in the Rivne and Volyn regions of present-day western Ukraine between 1943 and 1945.

To join the EU, the country “must meet certain conditions, not only economic, but also those regarding the historical truth,” the Polish minister added. He disagreed with Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba, who said that historical issues such as the Volhynia massacre should be left to historians in order to focus on forging a common future.

We were the first to send military aid [to Ukraine after the war broke out], and the Ukrainian side appears to have forgotten of this aid.

Read more HERE

[gryficowa]

Americans: You must hate Russians! Do you know how many crimes they have committed over the years?!

Ancestors of Ukrainians who raped Polish women, committed massacres and collaborated with the Nazis:

Yes, this is why judging people by their ethnicity because people have done something wrong in the past is fucked up on many levels

Refers here to Volhynia and the crime that took place in Poland by Ukrainian nationalists

The crimes of the ancestors or even the rulers in the country (Putin stinks) shouldn't be an argument here, because what the fuck can they do about it? They don't have the option to time travel to change history, so what the fuck do you require?

This argument of the crimes of Ukrainians was used by many Poles after Russia attacked Ukraine, and many Poles hate Ukrainians for this fucking reason, so according to this logic, Poles were right, so WTF

So when Russia attacked Ukraine, it was karma for crimes against Poles? I'm seriously asking you Americans

Should this matter to you on this topic? If you think that talking about the fact that Russians, compared to Israelis, don't behave like fucking propaganda bots at every step is for you "Propaganda of the good Russian", then according to this logic you are not spreading the "Propaganda of the good Ukrainian"?

Don't you see how your logic fucking fails when you use the crimes of your ancestors or a bad person to spread hatred towards Russians? Seriously, Ukrainians haven't been saints in the past, but that doesn't fucking mean what Putin is doing is right, he attacked civilians, bombs houses and does a lot of shit, let's stop using ancestral crimes to justify and ignore evil, Russians are not bad people, yes they are rotten who support Russian propaganda, but there are many who hate what Putin says and many of them are persecuted for being LGBT+

Because it sounds like the arguments of Zionists that people were against Jews in the past (You know, crimes…), but now all anti-Zionists are anti-Semites (And there are situations when a Zionist attacks a Jew for being "Not Jewish enough", "Without self-respect" etc…)

I'm just going to write about it whether you anti-Russians like it or not, because I don't fucking want to dehumanize people for their origins like you do

[nasermater]

"shut up about Wołyń!"

Never.

The massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia (Polish: rzeź wołyńska, lit. 'Volhynian slaughter'; Ukrainian: Волинська трагедія, romanized: Volynska trahediia, lit. 'Volyn tragedy') were carried out in German-occupied Poland by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) with the support of parts of the local Ukrainian population against the Polish minority in Volhynia, Eastern Galicia, parts of Polesia and Lublin region from 1943 to 1945.

The peak of the massacres took place in July and August 1943. The massacres were exceptionally brutal and affected primarily women and children. The UPA's actions resulted in about 50,000 to 100,000 deaths. Other victims of the massacres included several hundred Jews, Russians, Czechs, Georgians, and Ukrainians who were part of Polish families or opposed the UPA and sabotaged the massacres by hiding Polish escapees.

Ukrainians ruthlessly slaughtered Polish civilians and destroyed their homes. Villages were burned to the ground and property was looted. The perpetrators used bullets, axes, pitchforks, knives, and other weapons. Many Poles were killed in churches.

On 22 July 2016, the Sejm established 11 July as National Day of Remembrance for the Victims of Genocide committed by ukrainian nationalists against the citizens of the Second Polish Republic. This classification is disputed by Ukraine and some non-Polish historians.

[beevean]

You know what Netflixvania immediately reminded me of upon watching? That animated Witcher movie they did not so long ago. Equally as "muh grimdark", equally as childish in its presentation of what it thinks is grimdark ("oh my god, someone is taking a piss on screen!!"), Equally as full of assholes who the writing expects you to root for, and its also another painfully americanized version of an ip with more foreign roots (Witcher takes more after europe's darker event like the massacres of Poles in Volhynia).

... there's a Witcher animated movie?

LMAO

Sorry, I only heard about the books, the live action series and the videogames 😂 I guess this one isn't too popular, huh

Yeah, I'm not surprised. I would even bet that this movie took inspiration from NFCV, since it gets praised as the best videogame adaptation of all time so clearly it's doing something right 🙃 I hope the TV series is better than this.

[immaculatasknight]

Don't let the door hit him on the way out

[darkmaga-returns]

A reader sent this in without a comment. This was a rather famous crime in Poland that some used and blamed the Ukrainians when they had nothing to do with it. This was a 1923 crime in Poland during the economic crisis that engulfed the whole region with hyperinflation, which stemmed also from Germany. Unemployment was massive and the economy was in shambled. There was a band of “Roma” gypsies who were stealing food and animals in villages across Poland. Marianna Dolinska was 32 at the time with four children. In December 1923, her husband was arrested, leaving Marianna and her four children with no support. This was the period when many peasants’ children died of starvation. Marianna was distraught and assumed that she and her children would die of starvation. On December 11th, 1923, Marianna hung all four of her children with the same rope by tying it around the base of a tree trunk in the woods near Antoniowka. The next day, Marianna went to the police station in Kozlow, confessed to the murder of her children, and led investigators back to the tree where their bodies were hanging.

A police photographer took the photo you see here. The case became one of the most high-profile criminal cases in the Second Polish Republic. However, this photo was used on the cover of a book containing photographs depicting crimes by the Ukranian Insurgent Army (UPA) entitled Ludobojstwo UPA na Ludnosci Polskiej (which translates: Genocide Against the Polish Population by UPA).  This was from 1923 – not 1943. It did not reflect the Massacre of Poles in Volhynia, which began in March of 1943 and ended in 1944. The estimated civilians that were ethnically cleansed by the Ukraians was between 35,000 and 60,000 Polish people. The majority were women and children.

This photo was misused for it did not reflect the crimes of the Ukrainians and the UPA’s Massacre of Poles in Volhynia,

which was so horrible it even shocked the Germans.

[news365timesindia]

[ad_1] The renewed tensions with Ukraine’s EU neighbor, which have punctuated relations even during the Russian invasion, underscore Kyiv’s difficult path toward Western integration in a time of war (Photo: Reuters)5 min read Last Updated : Oct 13 2024 | 1:44 PM IST By Natalia OjewskaUkrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy was left seething after a meeting last month with Poland’s top diplomat, who made a show of putting the brakes on Ukraine’s ambitions for fast-track accession to the European Union.    During their exchange in Kyiv, Foreign Minister Radoslaw Sikorski also brought up Warsaw’s demands that the victims of World War II-era massacres of ethnic Poles be exhumed from land now belonging to Ukraine — and tied it to EU membership talks, according to participants.  Click here to connect with us on WhatsApp The rift coincides with mounting war fatigue among Kyiv’s Western allies, with Russian troops making grinding advances in the country’s east. Zelenskyy’s push for Ukraine, a country bigger in size than France and an agricultural powerhouse, to gain rapid accession to the EU suggests a gap is widening with his most crucial supporters.  It comes as Kyiv also struggles to win support for its NATO bid — and faces shortages of weapons and money ahead of the Nov. 5 US presidential elections, in which the contenders offer drastically different views about the war’s endgame.  The renewed tensions with Ukraine’s EU neighbor, which have punctuated relations even during the Russian invasion, underscore Kyiv’s difficult path toward Western integration in a time of war. “Ukraine is in a very complicated situation and not just because of the war,” said Judy Dempsey, non-resident fellow at Carnegie Europe in Berlin. “It’s kind of unfinished business about the past.” Things looked more hopeful a year ago. When Donald Tusk returned to Poland’s premiership, he pledged to improve relations that had suffered under the previous nationalist government. That administration imposed a ban on Ukrainian grain imports in response to farmers who decried what they called a drop in prices prompted by a glut of wheat from the east.  Polish Farmers Protest Against Ukrainian Grain Imports A tank made from agricultural material during a protest by Polish farmers against imports of Ukrainian grain in Warsaw, on Feb. 27. Officials in Kyiv also placed hopes in Tusk, a former European Council president, to be an ally in shepherding Kyiv’s EU accession path, a labyrinthine procedure that can take decades.  But Tusk also had to navigate Polish politics. While he swore to rally support for Kyiv in his first speech to parliament last December, the premier made certain that he would display “cordial and friendly assertiveness” on issues that might place Poland’s national interests in jeopardy. Memories of Volhynia  If EU accession can be negotiated in a political forum, the issue of the 1943 massacres of Poles by Ukrainian nationalists in the Volhynia region is becoming far more than a debate among historians. An estimated 100,000 people, including woman and children, perished in the slaughter.  Deputy Prime Minister Wladyslaw Kosiniak-Kamysz, who leads one of the junior parties in the ruling coalition, has said Ukraine’s EU accession was out of question until the dead are treated with respect. Tusk said as much as well. “There is a need to dig into this history if we are about to build a good future,” he told a news conference in Warsaw at the end of August. “As long as there is no respect for those standards from the Ukrainian side, then Ukraine will certainly not become part of the European family.”  To be sure, Poland continues to call for ever greater military support for Ukraine, tougher sanctions against Russia and has taken in almost 2 million refugees since the war began. But both countries have painful historical chapters to work through. The division of Ukrainian lands between Poland and the Soviet Union in the aftermath

of the World War I stoked ethnic grievances as Warsaw launched oppressive policies to assimilate new populations. Mounting hostilities culminated in the massacres of Poles in Volyhnia from 1943 to 1945 and the subsequent forced resettlement of some 150,000 Ukrainians. While Kyiv recognizes the Volhynia atrocities, it has also called on Poland not to politicize the issue — and to seek ways for a peaceful settlement. But Sikorski’s focus on the issue in the meeting with Zelenskyy, which was also attended by Lithuanian Foreign Minister Gabrielius Landsbergis, showed that any intention to leave it to historians was a non-starter in Warsaw.  Sikorski often veers from diplomatic niceties. Quizzed about the meeting, the minister said in a radio interview that he knows “how to state matters firmly” — and was given assurances that a solution will be found. Ukrainian Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha met his Polish counterpart and President Andrzej Duda in Warsaw this month and said the talks were “constructive” and “pragmatic.”  ‘Skills of a Psychotherapist’   And while Ukrainians have expressed confidence that they’ve addressed the issue — Zelenskyy attended a church service in the region with Duda in 2023 — the Poles say they will stand by their demands. Leaving the issue unresolved creates an opening for extremists and undermines support for Kyiv, a Polish government official said.  Aleksander Kwasniewski, who served as Poland’s president from 1995 to 2005, said he worked with Ukraine to resolve the dispute when he was head of state, including a reconciliation agreement, working groups of academics and commemorations. The former president, whose father was a survivor of the massacres, said he warned Sikorski that missteps in resolving the issue would only inflame extremists — and encouraged him to take a more balanced approach. “It’s necessary to be a strong representative of Polish, European and Western interest — but also a very sensitive advocate of Ukrainian expectations,” Kwasniewski said in an interview. The effort requires “skills of a psychotherapist who understands the sensitivity of the whole situation,” he said.  First Published: Oct 13 2024 | 1:43 PM IST [ad_2] Source link

[news365times]

[ad_1] The renewed tensions with Ukraine’s EU neighbor, which have punctuated relations even during the Russian invasion, underscore Kyiv’s difficult path toward Western integration in a time of war (Photo: Reuters)5 min read Last Updated : Oct 13 2024 | 1:44 PM IST By Natalia OjewskaUkrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy was left seething after a meeting last month with Poland’s top diplomat, who made a show of putting the brakes on Ukraine’s ambitions for fast-track accession to the European Union.    During their exchange in Kyiv, Foreign Minister Radoslaw Sikorski also brought up Warsaw’s demands that the victims of World War II-era massacres of ethnic Poles be exhumed from land now belonging to Ukraine — and tied it to EU membership talks, according to participants.  Click here to connect with us on WhatsApp The rift coincides with mounting war fatigue among Kyiv’s Western allies, with Russian troops making grinding advances in the country’s east. Zelenskyy’s push for Ukraine, a country bigger in size than France and an agricultural powerhouse, to gain rapid accession to the EU suggests a gap is widening with his most crucial supporters.  It comes as Kyiv also struggles to win support for its NATO bid — and faces shortages of weapons and money ahead of the Nov. 5 US presidential elections, in which the contenders offer drastically different views about the war’s endgame.  The renewed tensions with Ukraine’s EU neighbor, which have punctuated relations even during the Russian invasion, underscore Kyiv’s difficult path toward Western integration in a time of war. “Ukraine is in a very complicated situation and not just because of the war,” said Judy Dempsey, non-resident fellow at Carnegie Europe in Berlin. “It’s kind of unfinished business about the past.” Things looked more hopeful a year ago. When Donald Tusk returned to Poland’s premiership, he pledged to improve relations that had suffered under the previous nationalist government. That administration imposed a ban on Ukrainian grain imports in response to farmers who decried what they called a drop in prices prompted by a glut of wheat from the east.  Polish Farmers Protest Against Ukrainian Grain Imports A tank made from agricultural material during a protest by Polish farmers against imports of Ukrainian grain in Warsaw, on Feb. 27. Officials in Kyiv also placed hopes in Tusk, a former European Council president, to be an ally in shepherding Kyiv’s EU accession path, a labyrinthine procedure that can take decades.  But Tusk also had to navigate Polish politics. While he swore to rally support for Kyiv in his first speech to parliament last December, the premier made certain that he would display “cordial and friendly assertiveness” on issues that might place Poland’s national interests in jeopardy. Memories of Volhynia  If EU accession can be negotiated in a political forum, the issue of the 1943 massacres of Poles by Ukrainian nationalists in the Volhynia region is becoming far more than a debate among historians. An estimated 100,000 people, including woman and children, perished in the slaughter.  Deputy Prime Minister Wladyslaw Kosiniak-Kamysz, who leads one of the junior parties in the ruling coalition, has said Ukraine’s EU accession was out of question until the dead are treated with respect. Tusk said as much as well. “There is a need to dig into this history if we are about to build a good future,” he told a news conference in Warsaw at the end of August. “As long as there is no respect for those standards from the Ukrainian side, then Ukraine will certainly not become part of the European family.”  To be sure, Poland continues to call for ever greater military support for Ukraine, tougher sanctions against Russia and has taken in almost 2 million refugees since the war began. But both countries have painful historical chapters to work through. The division of Ukrainian lands between Poland and the Soviet Union in the aftermath

of the World War I stoked ethnic grievances as Warsaw launched oppressive policies to assimilate new populations. Mounting hostilities culminated in the massacres of Poles in Volyhnia from 1943 to 1945 and the subsequent forced resettlement of some 150,000 Ukrainians. While Kyiv recognizes the Volhynia atrocities, it has also called on Poland not to politicize the issue — and to seek ways for a peaceful settlement. But Sikorski’s focus on the issue in the meeting with Zelenskyy, which was also attended by Lithuanian Foreign Minister Gabrielius Landsbergis, showed that any intention to leave it to historians was a non-starter in Warsaw.  Sikorski often veers from diplomatic niceties. Quizzed about the meeting, the minister said in a radio interview that he knows “how to state matters firmly” — and was given assurances that a solution will be found. Ukrainian Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha met his Polish counterpart and President Andrzej Duda in Warsaw this month and said the talks were “constructive” and “pragmatic.”  ‘Skills of a Psychotherapist’   And while Ukrainians have expressed confidence that they’ve addressed the issue — Zelenskyy attended a church service in the region with Duda in 2023 — the Poles say they will stand by their demands. Leaving the issue unresolved creates an opening for extremists and undermines support for Kyiv, a Polish government official said.  Aleksander Kwasniewski, who served as Poland’s president from 1995 to 2005, said he worked with Ukraine to resolve the dispute when he was head of state, including a reconciliation agreement, working groups of academics and commemorations. The former president, whose father was a survivor of the massacres, said he warned Sikorski that missteps in resolving the issue would only inflame extremists — and encouraged him to take a more balanced approach. “It’s necessary to be a strong representative of Polish, European and Western interest — but also a very sensitive advocate of Ukrainian expectations,” Kwasniewski said in an interview. The effort requires “skills of a psychotherapist who understands the sensitivity of the whole situation,” he said.  First Published: Oct 13 2024 | 1:43 PM IST [ad_2] Source link

[andronetalks]

"Very Insolent Performance" – Ukrainian Foreign Minister's Comments Over WWII Volhynia Massacre Spark Outrage In Poland

Zero Hedge BY TYLER DURDENFRIDAY, AUG 30, 2024 – 05:45 AM By Grzegorz Adamczyk of Remix news During a visit to Poland, Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba participated in the Campus Poland of the Future event in Olsztyn, hosted by Warsaw’s liberal mayor, Rafał Trzaskowski. When asked by an audience member about when Poland would finally be allowed to exhume the victims of the Volhynia…

[warcrimesimulator]

My URL was originally a joke related to my avatar being Solf J. Kimblee from Fullmetal Alchemist. Nonetheless it kind of checks out regardless, since I've been Tumblr's one and only 1943 Volhynia Massacre Guy(tm) for many years and my entire online personality for a good while was "wassup lads im reading about war crimes at 3 AM again." But I don't post about that nearly as much as I used to (still salty after losing all my sources on my old PC + since 2022 it's not the most appropriate topic to be talking about) and Tumblr's WWII/military history community is very dead so there's far less of that content here in general. And my avatar hasn't been Kimblee for a long time. So it's a somewhat out-of-place URL, "random" if you will. What do you find on warcrimesimulator dot tumblr dot com? Mentally ill NEETposting and pictures of weasels.