#senior citizen poverty

[socialjusticeinamerica]

RepubliKKKlans are killing us. Our tax money was never intended to be given to oligarchs.

[kp777]

By Max Richtman

Common Dreams - Opinion

July 30, 2024

Even after nearly six decades of Medicare’s overall success, we must continually protect it from conservatives’ attempts to cut and privatize the program.

Before Medicare was signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson 59 years ago today, nearly half of American seniors had no hospital insurance. Private insurance companies were reluctant to cover anyone over 65. Even fewer seniors had coverage for non-hospital services like doctor’s visits. Many of the elderly were forced to exhaust their retirement savings to pay for medical care; some fell into poverty because of it. All of that changed with Medicare.

In Medicare’s first year of coverage, poverty decreased by 66% among the senior population. From 1965, when Medicare was enacted, to 1994, life expectancy at age 65 increased nearly three full years. This was no coincidence. Access to Medicare coverage for those who were previously uninsured helped lift seniors out of poverty and extend their lives.

As with Social Security, workers would contribute with each paycheck toward their future Medicare benefits. Upon putting his signature on this new program, a keystone of the Great Society, President Johnson declared, “Every citizen will be able, in their productive years when they are earning, to insure themselves against the ravages of illness in old age.”

Project 2025, the right-wing blueprint for a second Trump presidency, would gut traditional Medicare by accelerating privatization and repealing drug price negotiation.

Medicare has been improved several times over the decades. In 1972, Americans with disabilities (under 65 years of age) became eligible for Medicare coverage—along with people suffering from chronic kidney disease needing dialysis or transplants. In 2003, prescription drug coverage was added to Medicare (though the program was prohibited from negotiating prices with drugmakers). The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 finally empowered Medicare to negotiate prices with Big Pharma—and lowered seniors’ costs by capping their out-of-pocket expenses for prescription drugs and insulin.

Nearly 60 years after it was enacted, Medicare is one of the most popular and efficient federal programs. Ninety-four percent of beneficiaries say they are “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with their quality of care. Unlike many other federal programs, Medicare spends less than 2% of its budget on administrative costs.

Medicare isn’t perfect. It should be expanded to cover dental, hearing, and vision care. More urgently, though, the privatized version of the program, Medicare Advantage (MA), is gobbling up a larger share of the program despite myriad problems, including MA insurers overbilling the government and denying care that’s always offered by traditional Medicare. The Biden-Harris administration has been working to hold those private plans more accountable, but much remains to be done to protect traditional Medicare from efforts toward privatization.

Even after 59 years of Medicare’s overall success, we must continually defend Medicare against conservatives’ attempts to cut and privatize the program. Our founder, Rep. James Roosevelt, Sr. (D-Calif.), son of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, knew that Medicare (along with Social Security) would need continuous advocacy to withstand assaults from antagonistic political forces. That’s why the word “preserve” is in our organization’s name.

Many conservatives opposed Medicare from the start, labeling it “socialism” and “socialized medicine.” In 1962, Ronald Reagan warned that if Medicare were to be enacted, “One of these days you and I are going to spend our sunset years telling our children, and our children’s children, what it once was like in America when men were free.”

Today, the onslaught continues. The House Republican Study Committee’s (RSC) 2025 budget proposes to cut Medicare by an estimated $1 trillion over the next decade. The RSC would replace Medicare’s current system with vouchers, and push seniors into private plans that can and do deny coverage. Project 2025, the right-wing blueprint for a second Trump presidency, would gut traditional Medicare by accelerating privatization and repealing drug price negotiation.

Democrats by and large support protecting and even expanding Medicare. President Joe Biden tried to add dental, vision, and hearing coverage in his Build Back Better Act, but encountered resistance from Republicans and centrist Democrats. It’s still a laudable goal.

Republicans, for the most part, advocate cutting Medicare benefits and privatization. We endorsed Vice President Kamala Harris for president, because she knows the importance of Medicare to America’s seniors and people with disabilities—and has vowed to protect them. Former President Donald Trump, on the other hand, has been rhetorically all over the map on this topic, telling CNBC he is “open” to “cutting entitlements” but claiming to support Medicare. (His budgets as president called for billions of dollars in Medicare cuts.)

The 59th anniversary of Medicare is both an occasion for celebrating the program’s enormous successes over the past six decades—and a time to defend Medicare in the marbled halls of Washington, D.C., and at the ballot box this November.

Max Richtman is president and CEO of the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare. He is former staff director at the United States Senate Special Committee on Aging.

[anamoon63]

Geoffrey apologized to Clifford for how badly Malcolm had behaved to his late mother, Bebe. Geoffrey: We Landgraabs may be all sorts of things but we don't abandon our own. Clifford: (To himself): Oh yeah? and why didn't he help my mother leaving her to die in poverty? I guess it doesn't matter anymore.

Geoffrey: (Oblivious to Clifford's thoughts): So the third part of the fortune in Malcolm's will rightfully belongs to you, the other two thirds belong to your half-sisters, Natalie and Doris. Clifford politely declined to accept the inheritance. Clifford: Uh...

Clifford: Thank you very much but my family and I don't need money, we live quite comfortably thanks to mine and my wife's work. Geoffrey: Money is always needed. You could use it to pay for your children's University. How many do you have, three?

Clifford: I'm sorry for your loss, but I don't want anything coming from you or your deceased son. I came to offer my condolences, and I already have, so, have a good day, Mr. Landgraab. Mr. Landgraab. Clifford didn't even deign to call him grandfather. Why would he? Geoffrey never acted like one. And now he wants to buy off his great-grandchildren with that cheapskate Malcolm's fortune? Thanks, but no thanks.

*Note: I know it's super weird that Geoffrey is still alive when Malcom is dead and Clifford is already a Senior citizen, but my game, even with aging on, behaves in the weirdest ways. 😮

[rebeccathenaturalist]

How Nature Makes Us Feel Better

A shiny new study just came out detailing nature’s restorative effects, specifically on children and adolescents. It’s an in-depth literature review that not only demonstrates the effectiveness of nature as a therapeutic tool, but supports the future use of standardized measures to make the study of ecopsychology, ecotherapy and similar practices more scientifically rigorous. The study is just the latest in a long line of research showing how nature makes us feel better.

Earlier this year, I wrote an article on nature’s effects on the brain. Mobile EEGs are able to record changes in the brain as study participants spend time outdoors, and multiple studies use their readings. This is an example of a more quantitative approach to studying the restorative effects of nature, in which certain metrics can be measured reliably over and over again.

But what, exactly, happens when nature makes us feel better? Let’s look at some of the measurable effects. (Note: I drew from a previous article of mine from several years ago for the following material, though it was a great opportunity to check in on more recent research.)

Physical Ways Nature Makes Us Feel Better

Increased Immune Function: This extensive literature review shows that time spent in nature improves immune function on a variety of levels. Studies show how time in nature can increase the number of white blood cells that help fight infection and other ailments: in senior citizens after exercising, and after forest bathing.

Improved Vision: Children are less likely to develop myopia (near-sightedness) when they spend more time outside. This study suggests that dopamine is a key player in this phenomenon. A literature review further supports the connection between eyesight and outdoor time.

Lower Blood Pressure: A 2020 study suggests that exposure to the UV light in sunshine can lower blood pressure. So can thirty minutes of outdoor activity (along with lowering symptoms of depression.) Forest bathing was shown to lower blood pressure in older people in a 2012 study. This study posits that nature’s effect on blood pressure may be accomplished through calming the sympathetic nervous system.

Improve Socioeconomic Conditions: Decreasing poverty is an incredibly important part of increasing intergenerational mobility in socioeconomically disadvantaged people. This 2019 study suggests that access to greenspace can reduce the chance of poverty by boosting creativity, emotional regulation, and academic performance. Another study links boosts in creativity with forest bathing, one particular use of greenspace. Moreover, greenspaces can also lower crime rates, another significant factor in improving conditions in disadvantaged communities.

As if all that wasn’t enough, this massive, comprehensive literature review has evidence that time in nature can not only lower blood pressure and resting heart rates, but also reduce the chances of heart disease, diabetes, and overall mortality. Speaking of mortality, here’s a study looking at how greenspace in particular can lower mortality in a stable community. And another one looking at lower mortality rates in urban areas with greenspace. And in case you thought that the effects of outdoor exercise was all about the exercise and not the setting, here’s one showing that mortality rates are lower when people specifically walk in greenspace.

Psychological Ways Nature Makes Us Feel Better

Reduced Rumination: Psychological rumination is basically when your mind gets stuck on some worry, painful memory, or other negative thoughts. It’s commonly associated with anxiety and depressive disorders. Unlike meditation or problem-solving thoughts, rumination doesn’t actually help a person make any changes to their distress, and may actually make it worse, like incessantly poking at a bruise.

Time in nature has been shown to reduce rumination in study participants. A 2021 study demonstrates that spending a dedicated amount of time in nature each week significantly reduces rumination as well as negative affect (in other words, a bad mood.) You don’t need to spend hours out there, though; a half an hour may be enough to see a difference. It needs to be actual nature, though, as this 2018 study shows; people who viewed a slideshow of nature photos did show an improvement in affect, but no reduction in rumination.

Cognitive Function: Time in nature can help sharpen our mental capacity in a number of ways. This thorough, multidisciplinary literature review explores several of the ways nature is restorative, and also suggests some ways to further categorize these effects to increase consistency in future research. Hospitals that have significant greenspaces are easier to navigate due to improved spatial awareness, mood, and other factors. Cognitive performance can even be boosted simply by listening to the sounds of nature. Working memory may be improved through time spent in nature. Time outside can counteract attention fatigue, that feeling when your mind is so tired you just can’t focus. Can’t get outside? Even looking out a window can improve attention. And it may only take a very short period of time to start getting positive cognitive effects.

Stress Reduction: Stress can seriously strain cognitive functioning, from attention to memory and more, never mind overall mental well-being. So reducing stress is a good idea all around. A twenty minute walk in nature was shown to lower levels of cortisol, a stress-related hormone. A 2022 study compared the activity of the amygdala–sort of the brain’s panic button–before and after time spent in nature. The amygdala was much less active after a walk outside. Most studies have participants engage in a specific activity over a set amount of time and often in the same location to help remove confounding variables. However, a 2019 study that allowed participants to set their own parameters for where and when they would have their nature experiences showed that they still had significant drops in cortisol after being outside.

A Healthier Environment: Workers who are able to look out on a greenspace fare better than those who don’t. While virtual reality greenspaces can contribute some benefit, it’s better to go with the real deal, and the more biodiversity, the better. As mentioned earlier, hospitals with greenspace not only improve cognitive performance, but they’re also more pleasing to staff and patients alike. This literature review supports the therapeutic value of healing gardens in hospitals. (Note: These studies often cover both physiological and psychological benefits of greener built environments.)

A Sense of Awe: Nature inspires us to experience deep feelings of awe, which has been shown to improve mental well-being in multiple demographics. This transcendent experience can be incredibly healing and formative. Even better, the experience of feeling awe in nature can lead to more eco-friendly behavior by making people feel more connected to the natural world.

Soft Fascination: This is a term coined by researchers Rachel and Stephan Kaplan to refer to the more relaxed, organic way our attention flows when we are in a nature-dominated environment as opposed to a largely artificial one. A 2019 study demonstrates that it simply takes less mental effort for us to view natural scenes. We also find spending time in nature to be more restorative than watching TV for the same reasons. Also, for the fun of it, here’s a neat study exploring the intersection of soft fascination, sense of humor, and mental well-being.

Resilience: Social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic prompted studies on how nature can increase resilience, including this one on urban nature, and another on adolescents’ mental well-being.

Studies showing the benefits of nature are just one step in making use of nature’s restorative properties. One of the themes you’ll run into again and again when exploring this topic is that greenspace is most definitely not evenly distributed, especially in urban areas. Wealthy and privileged communities have disproportionately greater amounts of greenspace compared to socioeconomically disadvantaged ones, which makes the issue of mental health and nature based therapy a social justice issue.

Moreover, many natural places are not accessible to disabled people. A significant lack of infrastructure to get disabled people to these spaces, and then allowing them to explore them as extensively as non-disabled people, means that there is a serious disparity. While there are efforts toward equality in this area as well, there is still plenty of room for improvement.

Finally, nature should not only exist for our benefit, but for its intrinsic value independent of our human agendas and biases. While personal restoration and rejuvenation are certainly good things to enjoy whenever we get the opportunity to go outside, and we shouldn’t feel any guilt or shame for how nature makes us feel better, I think it is very important that we not take our greenspaces for granted, and work to make sure they are preserved and restored for generations to come.

Did you enjoy this post? Consider taking one of my online foraging and natural history classes, checking out my other articles, or picking up a paperback or ebook I’ve written! You can even buy me a coffee here!

[the-garbanzo-annex-jr]

47 Northwestern faculty

October 27, 2023

This letter is in response to the “Open letter on NU leaders’ responses to war in Palestine and Israel” published in the Oct.16 edition of The Daily.

The Oct.16 letter gave the impression that the reasons civilians were killed by Hamas and by the Israel Defense Forces were the same, but whereas Hamas murdered civilians intentionally, the IDF were defending their citizens and homeland. The original 1988 Hamas charter (Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement) and guidelines to mosque preachers from the Palestinian Authority last week — according to Palestinian Media Watch and Jihad Watch — specifically state that Hamas’ mission is the annihilation of Jews and the complete destruction of Israel and the establishment of a theocratic state based on Islamic law. While Hamas amended its charter in 2017 to remove explicit mention of annihilation of Jews, we believe that mission is still intrinsic to their movement.

In 2005, Israel withdrew all soldiers and civilians from Gaza to reduce friction and enhance security. Two years later, Hamas violently overthrew the Palestinian Authority and took over the territory. Since then, terrorists have fired over tens of thousands of rockets indiscriminately at Israeli civilians, according to the Associated Press. This has led to multiple wars, and both Israel and Egypt needed to maintain a blockade to prevent weapons smuggling into Gaza.

On Oct. 7 Hamas members intentionally slaughtered and eviscerated civilian men, women and children — as their 1988 charter and directives to preachers demand — and they raped women, according to the IDF. In the Oct. 16 open letter, the authors say the number of rockets Israel dropped in the first week of the war exceeded how many rockets terrorists had dropped, as if it was disproportionate. Based on a rule of proportionality, which is irrelevant in war, the IDF would be justified in committing as many horrific acts against Gazans as Hamas has against Israeli citizens. This is absurd.

The IDF has said it does everything possible to avoid killing Palestinian civilians, such as forewarning civilians to move out of a particular area by dropping leaflets, putting messages on social media and making phone calls. Yet, a significant number of Palestinian civilians are still killed. Why? The Washington Post has reported Hamas hides and fires its munitions in civilian areas, including hospitals, schools and homes, and uses civilians as human shields. Because of this, the IDF has diverted missiles. The IDF has also said Hamas is responsible for blocking civilians from traveling south to what the IDF said would be a safe zone.

The open letter’s depiction of “the blockade and humanitarian stranglehold on the Gaza strip since 2007” by Israel ignores the IDF’s assertion that a blockade is necessary to prevent terrorists from entering, which occurred prior to the blockade. The blockade is a way for Israel to protect its citizens from harm.

Gaza gets hundreds of millions of dollars each year for humanitarian purposes, but much of this money does not reach the civilian population, the Wall Street Journal reported. Hamas uses it for military purposes, which contributes to poverty among civilians. Hamas was named the third richest terror group in the world by Forbes Magazine in 2018. International aid “was designed to be humanitarian in nature, but money is fungible, and that also allows Hamas to divert money from providing for its people to support the war machine,” Alex Zerden, a former senior U.S. Treasury national security official, said in the Wall Street Journal. If Hamas had used this money to build infrastructure and support businesses, Gaza would be in a much better position.

Although we grieve for the loss of all innocent lives, the loss of life is on the bloodied hands of Hamas. There are not two sides to barbaric behavior. Hamas is displaying unimaginable evil that is unacceptable in any civilized society, and there is no justification for pure evil.

Richard B. Silverman, Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, and Pharmacology Morton O. Schapiro, President Emeritus, Northwestern University Henry Bienen, President Emeritus, Northwestern University David N. Seidman, Department of Materials Science and Engineering James A Sauls, Department of Physics and Astronomy Philip Greenland, Department of Preventive Medicine Harris Perlman, Department of Medicine Raymond Glassenberg MD Department of Anesthesiology Jonathan B Ida, Department of Otolaryngology Richard J. Miller, Department of Pharmacology Michael R. Wasielewski, Department of Chemistry Rose Shoshanah Seidman, Selector and Cataloguer J. Samuel Tenenbaum, Pritzker School of Law Thomas Meade, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Brian M. Hoffman, Department of Chemistry Lewis J. Smith, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Tobin J. Marks, Department of Chemistry Tamar Seideman, Department of Chemistry Ben Z. Katz, Department of Pediatrics Oren Lakser, Department of Pediatrics Mercouri G Kanatzidis, Department of Chemistry Julio M. Ottino, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering George C. Schatz, Department of Chemistry Lee P. Shulman, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology P. Hande Ozdinler, Department of Neurology Neil J. Stone, Department of Cardiology Kenneth Poeppelmeier, Department of Chemistry Chad A. Mirkin, Department of Chemistry Joseph L. Schofer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Joel Shalowitz, Department of Preventive Medicine Yohanan Petrovsky-Shtern, Department of History William Klein, Department of Neurobiology Milan Mrksich, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering Gary Saul Morson, Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures Mark C. Hersam, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Elie Rekhess, Visiting Professor, Department of History Samuel I. Stupp, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering William P. Halperin, Department of Physics and Astronomy Efraim Benmelech, Kellogg School of Management Joel Mokyr, Department of Economics and History Igor Jerome Koralnik, Department of Neurology Eddie Dekel, Department of Economics Martin Eichenbaum, Department of Economics William A. Muller, Department of Pathology Lauren S. Wakschlag, Department of Medical Social Sciences Irwin Benuck, Department of Pediatrics Benayahu Elbaz-Eilon, Department of Neurology

[bobcatmoran]

Bernie Sanders!

(A brief chant of "Bernie, Bernie" erupts)

He asks the audience to remember where we were 3 1/2 years ago - in a health and economic crisis like no other. Overwhelmed hospitals. Businesses shutting down. Soaring unemployment. Children going hungry while their families were evicted.

Biden and Harris inherited a suffering, frightened nation. And under them the government responded, with the American Rescue Plan. Bullet point by bullet point, he goes on how that piece of legislation addressed each of the issues of 3 1/2 years ago that he had mentioned.

"Oh, and by the way, we cut child poverty by 40%. Thank you, President Biden. Thank you, Vice President Harris. And thank you, Democratic Congress."

And this goes to show that if the will is there, the government can truly help the country. And it is time again to have that will.

The oligarchs are against all these policies that will help the working class. "Well, I've got some baaaaad news for them. That is precisely what we are going to do!" Because this is what the American people want from their government.

But first, they need to get big money out of the political process. Billionaires in BOTH parties should not be able to buy elections, primary or general. Citizens United must be overturned, and public funding of elections is essential.

We need to guarantee health care to all people as a human right, not a privledge. The minimum wage must be raised to a living wage. The PRO Act must be passed. Public education must be improved. Raise teacher's salaries, and regardless of income, every American should have access to higher education.

Go after Big Pharma. Joe and Kamala made sure no senior pays more than $35 for insulin, and we need to make sure that applies to all. Bernie says he looks forward to working with "Kamala and Tim" on this agenda.

"This is not a radical agenda. Let me tell you what a radical agenda is: Trump's Project 2025."

He claims that in the last 3 1/2 years, more has been accomplished than since FDR. He also calls for an end to the war in Gaza, to bring home the hostages, and have an immediate ceasefire (to widespread cheers). At home, we need to take on Big Pharma, Big Oil, Big Ag, Big Tech, and all the other monopolists.

He winds up by calling for electing Kamala Harris so that we can be the nation that we know we can become.

[mariacallous]

After decades talking tough on immigration and a year after becoming Italy’s most right-wing prime minister since the Second World War, Giorgia Meloni finds herself dealing with a surge in arrivals from Africa that is sorely testing her electoral pledge to keep irregular migrants away from Italian shores.

With political instability, war, poverty, and global warming plaguing much of Africa and the Middle East, more than 140,000 migrants have already reached Italy by boat this year, almost twice as many as in the whole of 2022. Thousands more lost their lives during the journey. Last month, 7,000 people arrived over just a couple of days in Lampedusa, a small Italian island between Malta and Tunisia that has become a flash point of Europe’s migrant crisis, overwhelming reception facilities there.

As the European Union reels from Islamist attacks in the French city of Arras and in Brussels, which highlighted the shortcomings of its migration system, and amid heightened security concerns linked to the war between Israel and Hamas, Meloni’s immigration woes show the struggles of populist leaders with so-called easy solutions confronted with the reality of government. More than 70 percent of Italians believe that Meloni has done less than she had promised on immigration, and 66 percent say the government is not capable of handling the issue.

“This is a big problem for Meloni,” said Matteo Villa, a senior research fellow at the Italian Institute for International Political Studies. “The government is under a lot of pressure.” 

Right-wing populists around the world are often accused of selling simplistic, unrealistic fixes to complex problems, especially immigration. Former U.S. President Donald Trump never did build the wall, though his successor still aims to do so. Britain continues to be reached by tens of thousands of irregular migrants every year well after pro-Brexit right-wingers convinced it to break away from the EU to “take back control” of its borders. France’s centrist President Emmanuel Macron repeatedly trounced far-right leader Marine Le Pen in presidential debates by laying bare the incoherence of her program. 

Italy, meanwhile, is the main point of arrival for migrants leaving from countries such as Libya and Tunisia in a bid to reach Europe by sea. During last year’s electoral campaign, Meloni claimed that “illegal immigration threatens citizens’ security and quality of life” and promised to stem the influx. Her proposals included establishing an EU “naval blockade” off North Africa’s coasts as well as setting up EU immigration centers in Africa to evaluate people’s asylum requests there.

One year on, Meloni’s government and her voters are facing a harsh reality check. 

An Italy-sponsored deal struck by the EU and Tunisia in the summer, entailing the payment of hundreds of millions of euros to the country in exchange for its help to stop departures, appears to be faltering, with Tunisian strongman Kais Saied saying this month that he will not accept any “charity.”

Meanwhile, despite some vague pledges from the European Commission to step up border surveillance, the kind of massive military operation that would be required to “blockade” large stretches of Africa’s Mediterranean coasts is nowhere near to becoming reality. Finally, repatriations of failed asylum-seekers, which over the past decade hovered at a dismal 18 percent of all those ordered to leave Italy, have only slightly grown on Meloni’s watch compared to last year.

In a bid to maintain support from hard-line voters, the Italian government—which includes Meloni’s post-fascist Brothers of Italy party, as well as the far-right League and the conservative Forza Italia—has resorted to a mix of blame game and headline-grabbing announcements.

Senior right-wing figures recently lambasted Germany over its public funding to a nongovernmental organization rescuing migrants in the Mediterranean, which the Italian government says incentivizes human trafficking. The NGO’s ship has rescued and disembarked 753 people in Italy this year, barely 0.6 percent of total sea arrivals, yet Meloni formally complained to her German counterpart, Olaf Scholz, with a letter leaked to the press, while a top League member alleged that the German left-wing government was seeking to make Meloni’s cabinet look bad by “filling us up with illegals.”

But Meloni’s government has done more than rant. Over the past year, it has approved a slate of measures including tougher punishments for smugglers, stricter procedures to grant humanitarian protection, and more detention centers and longer detention periods for rejected asylum-seekers awaiting deportation.

“For years, center-left governments have simply been passive toward a phenomenon that, on the contrary, we are governing,” said Sara Kelany, a member of parliament with Brothers of Italy. 

Critics say most of these actions will achieve little but make asylum-seekers even more miserable than they already are. “Initial reception is being blended with a detention system,” said Fabrizio Coresi, a migration expert at Action Aid, a human rights NGO. And due to the lack of agreements between Italy and many of the migrants’ countries of origin, rejected asylum-seekers often can’t be deported, and after being locked up for a certain period, they are simply released. The government has also run into legal trouble, facing adverse rulings in recent weeks on parts of its asylum policy.

“These are measures adopted with an eye on the government’s base, rather than actual solutions,” said Lorena Stella Martini, a migration analyst based in Milan.

Meloni may be achieving better results on the European level, where she can take some credit with her electorate for putting the migrant issue back on top of the agenda. EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen accompanied Meloni to Tunisia over the summer and visited Lampedusa last month, aligning herself with the Italian prime minister on the need for urgent action to reduce arrivals and promising “a coordinated response.”

The EU is also making progress on a new pact on immigration, which entails stricter procedures for asylum-seekers coming from countries deemed safe, looser rules to expel rejected applicants, and the transfer of thousands of migrants from front-line countries, such as Italy, Greece, and Spain, to other member states—which would otherwise have to pay thousands of euros for every asylum-seeker they refuse to take. 

“For the first time in years, the majority of European countries are converging toward the Italian stance,” said Kelany, the Italian parliament member.

It might be less than a blessing. Experts note that the deal, which confirms the rule that most migrants should be processed by the country of first arrival, is less of an Italian triumph than an own goal. “Meloni’s diplomatic victory is being able to show that everybody in the EU now accepts that the objective is curbing irregular immigration,” said Villa, the research fellow, “but then when you look at the policies that are being discussed [from an Italian perspective], if they were actually implemented, it would be a disaster.”

And yet, for all the grumbling over her handling of immigration, Meloni’s party continues to top the polls with an almost 10-point lead. That might be because Italy’s so-called migrant crisis is not as bad as it seems. Since many migrants end up moving on to other countries, over the past decade, the total number of foreigners in Italy has actually remained stable. Italy has half as many residents born outside the EU as Germany, and 2 million fewer than France, which has only a slightly larger population.

Italy could even use more immigration: Over the summer, Meloni’s government quietly approved the entry of almost half a million non-EU workers by the end of 2025 to fill gaps in the Italian labor market.

The bigger question is how long her voters’ patience will last. “Despite the talk of stopping immigration flows and carrying out mass expulsions of irregular migrants, neither one will happen or is even possible,” said Martini, the expert from Milan.

[stephenjaymorrisblog]

Read!

A Nonentity Turns 70

Stephen Jay Morris

2/20/2024

©Scientific Morality

Easter Sunday falls on my birthday this year. The last time that happened was in 2013. In my mind, it represents a kind of resurrection in my life. Maybe I’ll become famous—like Colonel Sanders or Grandma Moses—in my later years. Nah! That is one big pipedream of mine. This is the only life I have known and probably will be the only one I have. I hope that religion is wrong. I don’t want to live forever in bliss or in agonizing pain in hell. I embrace my mortality.

My past was littered in pain, struggle, humiliation, sickness, failure, lousy sex, poverty, and other negativities. However, I had moments of happiness, in 15-minute gradations. I was happy when I married Pamela on May 3, 1987. Plus, the time my song was on the radio in 1980. When I did have them, my periods of happiness were intense.

Before I fall asleep at night, I think about my past. I know it’s bad for my mental health, so I try to avoid reminiscing about the past. However, I don’t think about the bad times, only the good. I think about people I liked and wonder what ever happened to them. A lot of senior citizens like to bore younger people with long stories about their past—another thing I avoid. But the past can be informative to a new generation. There is that famous Winston Churchill quote: “Anyone who was not a liberal at 20 years of age had no heart, while anyone who was still a liberal at 40 had no head!” My head is attached to my torso just fine, thank you very much. My political views are to the extreme left at my old age. Why? Because, in my opinion, pragmatism is not a sign of maturity and creativity is a sign of happiness. Regardless, I have never wanted to be part of the two-party system.

So, what about the present? It consists of problems, more problems, and many more problems. I’ve got major health issues and, thanks to the untaxed one percent, we’ve got inflation. Yesterday I saw a single serving can of soup for $2.10. Jesus! The present sucks as far as G.O. politics, American politics, and religion goes. And thanks to the Likud party dropping bombs on Palestine’s innocent civilians, anti-Semitism has made a big comeback.

What about the future? At this point, I just don’t know. Pamela and I no longer like living here and want to move. The Catskill Mountains is a nice vacation destination, but we’ve come to find that some of its inhabitants are obnoxious white trash. We’ve got deer hunters, meth head Zoomers, MAGA dick heads, paranoid old ladies, and a gas station that sells over-priced junk food. Oh, and there are the Orthodox Jews who are a-social. Not a desirable location for us at all.

Being a nonentity is like being invisible. The way my life is going, I have zero influence. I am learning to control my ego. I am settling for less because I have no choice in the matter. I am going to be featured in two books, so I was told. My story will be in print if anybody cares. I do want to travel and see other lands before the grim reaper comes for me. Maybe death is just closing your eyes and never opening them again. I don’t know; I just don’t know.

And now, here come the 70’s. I could live to a hundred years old or die tomorrow.  When you are my age, you can go at any time. Life expectancy for males is now 73. Yeah, I am afraid to die, but I can’t stop it. It’s all about acceptance of physical law.

I wonder, who is going to die first? Biden or Trump? – Socrates said: “Be of good cheer about death and know this as a truth, that no evil can happen to a good man, either in life or after death.

[mazie-g-messer]

I'm like if someone who is technically only an older zoomer called themselves a zillennial because they were alienated from the stereotypical nostalgia of their generation through poverty, and having older parents. despite not really exhibiting the majority of the nostalgia associated with zillennials either...

Anyway, who wants to watch The Last Unicorn, and look at books with outdated but cool or funny looking scientific illustrations, and only play the Wii games most marketed to senior citizens, but NOT the DS games most marketed to senior citizens?

[tramontane-fire]

okay one more and I'm done I swear

humanity (according to the minbari) has this glorious destiny to be a great race reaching through the stars we don't know the half of what our future holds etc etc etc

and yet you have a whole section of the station full of homeless people who live in unsanitary conditions and likely sometimes die because we've established they can't afford medical care

security arrests people who are clearly mentally ill on BS charges and regularly engages in police brutality with no consequences

and all anyone can say on the matter is "damn [homeless people] we ought to space them all."

None of the senior staff are particularly bothered by the issues either, and they might actually be able to do something about the quality of life of the "lurkers."

And yes I get that it's probably a more realistic version of the future than, say, Star Trek, where we solved all of Earth's problems and went into space looking for more

After all as @autisticslp pointed out, it's been 30ish years since the show aired and healthcare still isn't free in our country.

But if humanity has made spaceships and a mars colony and space stations and still can't manage to guarantee basic human (sentient being?) rights, how great can our destiny among the stars be?

I remember really enjoying this show as a kid before working in emergency services made me really pissed off about things like homelessness and healthcare inequity and police violence and social murder and now everything I read or watch is colored by that.

And I think it wasn't even deliberate on the part of the showrunners? Most middle and upper class people in America where I live view homeless citizens as human pests, and are glad when the guy having a psychotic episode in public is arrested so they don't have to look at him. They never question the police or the prison/jail system because they never interact with it. It's all just background noise to them. If they think about homelessness or poverty or police violence at all, they quickly reassure themselves that it only happens to Other People who probably deserve it anyway.

this may sound horrible and monstrous and it kind of is, but we are raised to think this way. I remember my mom telling me a disabled man panhandling by the offramp was probably faking his mobility issues for sympathy. Imagine a whole generation raised that way who never had to question what they were taught.

Now supposing one of these middle/upper class Americans wrote a science fiction TV show.

[renee-writer]



Being a Jew-hating terrorist means never having to take responsibility. You can always blame the Jews, after all.

Amidst Israel’s attempts to root out Hamas from the Gaza Strip, Hamas is now receiving a helping hand from the international community and the legacy media. While Hamas sits on vast stockpiles of water, food, and medicine, the international community and legacy media have placed responsibility for Gaza’s civilian population … on Israel.

According to no less an anti-Israel authority than the New York Times this weekend:

As supplies of virtually every basic human necessity dwindle in Gaza, one group in the besieged enclave remains well-stocked: Hamas. Arab and Western officials say there is substance to Israeli claims of Hamas stockpiling supplies, including desperately needed food and fuel. … Hamas has hundreds of thousands of gallons of fuel for vehicles and rockets; caches of ammunition, explosives and materials to make more; and stockpiles of food, water and medicine, the officials said.

A senior Lebanese official said Hamas, which is estimated to number between 35,000 and 40,000, had enough stocked away to keep fighting for three to four months without resupply. … The supply situation speaks to the relative sophistication of Hamas as a fighting force — an axiom among military professionals is that while amateurs talk about tactics, professionals talk about logistics. Yet with Gazans facing a humanitarian catastrophe, Hamas’s stockpiles raise questions about what responsibility, if any, it has to the civilian population.

There it is, that fabled New York Times objectivity: Hamas stealing billions of dollars from its citizens to fund its war machine “raises questions about what responsibility, if any, it has to the civilian population.”

Imagine that sentence in any other context.

Is there any question that the United States government has a responsibility for its civilian population? Or Israel’s government?

But being a genocidal, Jew-hating terrorist means you don’t have to take responsibility for the civilians you supposedly govern. You might not have any responsibility for those citizens. In fact, Gaza hospitals are right now complaining about a lack of fuel — but Hamas currently has 260,000 gallons of gasoline and diesel on hand.

But no matter. Hamas has no responsibility.

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Which is why Hamas’ friends are able to lament the plight of civilians in Gaza after having funded their impoverishment — and the current conflict, created by Hamas.

Aid dollars deployed to Gaza over the past 20 years have been embezzled by Hamas and used for its murderous plans. According to NBC News:

The unemployment rate in Gaza is 47% and more than 80% of its population lives in poverty, according to the United Nations. Hamas, however, has funded an armed force of thousands equipped with rockets and drones and built a vast web of tunnels under Gaza. Estimates of its annual military budget range from $100 million to $350 million, according to Israeli and Palestinian sources. … Since coming to power in the Gaza Strip 17 years ago, Hamas has filled its coffers with hundreds of millions in international aid, overt and covert injections of cash from Iran and other ideological partners, as well as cryptocurrency, taxes, extortion and smuggling, according to current and former U.S. officials and regional experts.

Much of the money is public and legal, including large sums of financial aid from Qatar via the United Nations, an arrangement encouraged and approved by Israel. The Qatari aid covers the salaries of civil servants, buys fuel for the power grid and provides cash to needy families. … Hamas’ leadership has invested its income in an international investment portfolio worth $500 million in real estate and other assets from companies in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates, which it uses to conceal and launder its money, according to a Treasury announcement.

But now, the international community and legacy media say it’s up to Israel to make humanitarian provision for Gaza’s civilians.

This, of course, is disingenuous.

None of the countries that voted in favor of a UN resolution pushing a ceasefire have offered to take in any Gazan civilians. None have called for Hamas to surrender to Israel, which would end the conflict immediately.

No, they say.

Israel must stop its attempts to destroy Hamas.

The innocents are suffering.

Latest Episode:



Ep. 1839 - The Pogroms Are Back

A pogrom breaks out in Russia as the world makes excuses for Hamas; Hamas and its erstwhile allies call for Israel to stop its campaign to destroy the terror group; and Mike Pence drops out of the 2024 race.

LISTEN NOW

This is the height of cynicism. It’s on par with the old saw about the man who kills his parents and throws himself on the mercy of the court because he is an orphan. Hamas started this conflict. Hamas is the governing body in the Gaza Strip. Hamas has chief responsibility for the health and welfare of Gazan Palestinian civilians.

And they don’t give two whits about those citizens.

In fact, they want those citizens to die. Over the weekend, Ismail Haniyeh, the political leader of Hamas, called for the blood of Palestinian Arab women and children.

So here’s the math, apparently: If a population elects terrorist leadership, that terrorist leadership consolidates its control by wiping out its political rivals, that terrorist leadership steals billions of dollars in aid and impoverishes its own citizens in the process, and then that terrorist leadership murders 1,500 Jews and kidnaps another 233 people, then so long as that terrorist leadership hides in tunnels, the terrorists must be left alone.

This is insanity.

It is insanity no other country would be expected to weather. Not the United States, not the U.K., not France, not Germany.

No one.

There cannot be a ceasefire until Hamas surrenders.

Anyone in the world who is not calling on Hamas to do just that — in fact, those who are calling for a lengthening of the conflict by shipping in more resources for Hamas to steal — cannot pretend to care about human life, either Israeli or Palestinian.

There is a reason both Hamas and the UN are calling for a ceasefire, and it has nothing to do with human rights and everything to do with stopping Israel from protecting its own citizens, the mass murder of whom created this conflict in the first place.

Ben Shapiro

Editor Emeritus,

The Daily Wire

Top five headlines:

As Gazans Scrounge For Food And Water, Hamas Doing Fine

UN Chief: It’s Getting Desperate

Cornel West Goes to Pro-Hamas Rally

NYT’s Nicholas Kristoff: We’re Complicit in Gaza

Soros Funds Protesting Groups



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[beardedmrbean]

1. Basic income not a 'miracle cure' for poverty, Belgian study shows

Basic income — giving an unconditioned salary to all citizens to keep them out of poverty — has been hailed as a solution for reducing spiralling inequality. However, one Belgian study has found it is not quite that simple. Read more.

2. 'Completely reckless': Anti-nuke group condemns Putin's decision to suspend nuclear treaty

Russian President Vladimir Putin on Tuesday suspended his country's participation in the New Start Treaty, the last remaining bilateral nuclear weapons agreement between Russia and the US. In terms of nuclear warheads, the US is second only to Russia, yet the arsenals of both countries dwarf any other nuclear power. Read more.

3. Sahara dust: Large cloud could turn Belgian skies orange this week

A cloud of dust from the Sahara desert is currently above the Atlantic Ocean and will likely reach European shores on Wednesday, forecasts from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) show. Read more.

4. Switzerland named safest country in Europe, Belgium ranked 25th

Switzerland is the safest country in Europe, according to a new study found that looked into metrics such as homicides, assaults, road fatalities, natural disaster risk, and global peace index. Belgium ranks 25th. Read more.

5. Justice Minister Van Quickenborne speaks from his safehouse

Belgian Justice Minister Vincent Van Quickenborne has twice been forced into hiding with his family, after receiving death threats from drug traffickers. And he is likely to spend more time in safehouses, as he warns of a new phase in narcoterrorism. Read more.

6. Rubens masterpiece returns to Belgium after 200 years

After 200 years outside the country, Sotheby's unveiled a masterpiece by the venerated Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens on Tuesday in Brussels. 'Portrait of a Man (as the God Mars)' was done in the 1620s and encapsulates the Baroque master's power of expression and fascination with the classical world. Read more.

7. Brexit in Brussels: the exhausting art of disaster control

Many, in Brussels, saw Brexit as a disaster and understood that a bad Brexit deal would make the disaster even worse. How this was avoided is explained in a fascinating first-hand account by a senior member of the EU’s Brexit task force. Read more.

[liezel18]

Poverty in Butuan City

Poverty is the state of one who lacks a usual or socially acceptable amount of money or material possessions. Poverty is said to exist when people lack the means to satisfy their basic needs. In this context, the identification of poor people first requires a determination of what constitutes basic needs. This is an issue of the Philippines that they can’t resolve because poverty can be existing in the past to the new generation and the future. Even though many times the president is sitting and handling our Philippines country doesn't resolve the problem. Also, the Philippines are facing this issue because some of the issues of poverty are the inability to afford housing, malnutrition of the children, without family planning, lack of children, and parents having no work. And poverty in Butuan City there have also the most significant challenge facing this city and its citizen because this generation has many people There are many residents in our area who do not plan to get married, so my area is also affected because they will find a way to give a family member a job. There is an organization in the government how to solve their plans to develop their area and also prevent the increase of married people who are unemployed, first to control the increase in population in each barangay method they are giving out pills or condoms, twice to family planning as well it is not difficult for them to find what they need every day because they have a plan before they get married because in this generation it is expensive to buy so we should think before entering into a relationship make sure we have family planning. Butuan City has an organization that applies every type of work to provide and avoid poverty. That every head of the family can be given a job for the future of their family, this organization of the government will help him because there are jobs even if he is a senior high school graduate or a high school graduate, this is an organization to control the increase in poverty in our area or society. Because nowadays it is difficult to find a job some of the workplace have needed like NC II or even skills in Tesda for example Welding, automotive, waiter or waitress, and etc. Government was giving for the opportunity to give a job for decreasing the struggling for every family that why they open the hiring job for the every person or people needed a job. And lastly, poverty is the problem in our Philippines either Butuan City because some of the people live in our society has no work or not enough money to buy of needed in their family that's why president and mayor have a action this situation particular in Butuan City giving more learning for every person that being early marriage is not easy that's why we need plan before entering the marriage life, because we have a right plan to make a family your life has stable.

[jordanianroyals]

21 February 2023: King Abdullah II said Parliament is a key partner in implementing modernisation across all tracks, stressing that all institutions must work towards moving forward into Jordan’s future.

During a meeting with members of the permanent offices of the Senate and the House of Representatives, King Abdullah urged maintaining cooperation between the two chambers and working in partnership with the government.

His Majesty thanked the two houses for acting responsibly within their legislative role and coordinating with the government in service of national interests. (Source: Petra)

The King stressed the important role of Parliament in reaching out to the public and communicating transparently with citizens, commending MPs for engaging with Arab and foreign parliaments to support Jordan’s diplomatic efforts.

His Majesty reaffirmed Jordan’s steadfast position on the Palestinian cause, highlighting the Kingdom’s recent diplomatic efforts to contain escalation in the Palestinian Territories and support the Palestinian Authority, while continuing efforts to safeguard Islamic and Christian holy sites in Jerusalem under the Hashemite Custodianship.

The King also touched on Jordan’s role in building economic integration among Arab countries and coordinating positions in service of national and Arab interests, reiterating the need to include the Palestinians in regional economic projects.

His Majesty noted the need to maintain humanitarian and relief support for the Syrian people to mitigate the impact of the recent earthquake, pointing also to the ongoing medical and humanitarian support dispatched to Turkey.

Speaking at the meeting, Senate President Faisal Fayez said combating poverty and unemployment is a priority for all institutions, stressing the need to follow His Majesty’s example in reaching out to the public in the field.

He added that the Senate will also reach out to governorate and municipal councils to enhance coordination and support decentralisation.

The Senate president expressed appreciation for His Majesty’s efforts in bolstering Jordan’s Arab and international standing while safeguarding national interests, stressing the centrality of the Palestinian cause for the Kingdom and the need to counter unilateral Israeli measures.

For his part, House Speaker Ahmad Safadi expressed the chamber’s keenness to increase public outreach to listen to citizens’ concerns and highlight the House’s role, while also engaging with governorate and municipal councils and civil society organisations.

He touched on the House of Representatives’ efforts to amend its internal rules and procedures, as well as its code of conduct, in line with political modernisation requirements and to bolster public trust in the chamber, noting that these amendments will be discussed soon.

Speaker Safadi also underscored the House’s diplomatic efforts through exchanging visits with Arab and foreign parliaments to support Jordan’s diplomatic role and outreach.

Also speaking at the meeting, members of the two houses’ permanent offices highlighted a number of domestic and regional issues, commending His Majesty’s diplomatic efforts and noting the importance of the Hashemite Custodianship over holy sites in Jerusalem.

They said cooperation with the government is underway as set out by the Constitution, expressing support for the modernisation tracks and their keenness to follow up on implementation.

The lawmakers pointed to the importance of administrative reforms and building the capacities of employees in senior political and administrative positions, urging the modernisation of education by developing curricula and teaching methods, as well as promoting vocational education.

The MPs also called for investment promotion in line with the new investment law, stressing the importance of countering false news and cyber bullying through social media, in accordance with the law.

[plastic-mold]

形容词. 贫穷的. poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 富裕的. rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 优秀的. excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 积极的，好的. good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 消极的，不良的. bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 明显的. obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 健康的. healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 惊人的. surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 美丽的. beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 有活力的. energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 流行的. popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive 动词. 提高，加强. improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 引起. cause = trigger = endanger 解决. solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 拆除. destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 培养. develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 激发，鼓励. encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 认为. think = assert= hold = claim = argue 完成. complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 保留. keep = preserve = retain = hold 有害于. destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 减轻. ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten 收获,获得. Harvesting 名词. 影响. influence= impact 危险. danger = perils =hazard 污染. pollution = contamination 人类. human beings= mankind = human race 老人. old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 幸福. happiness = cheerfulness = well-being 老师. teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers 教育. education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing 青少年. young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents 优点. advantage = merits = superiority = virtue 责任. responsibility = obligation = duty = liability 能力. ability = capacity = power = skill 职业. job = career = employment = profession 娱乐. enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment 孩子. children = offspring = descendant= kid 短语. 充满了. be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with 努力. struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for 从事. embark on = take up = set about = go in for 在当代. in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age 大量的. a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of 至今为止 to date（二） individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons) positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad, 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many. 注. 用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that…. 同理 用most, if not all,替换most. a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that) affair ,business ,matter 替换thing shared 代 common reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits ) for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more ( 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing. 修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly beneficial, rewarding替换helpful, shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very hardly necessary, hardly inevitable … 替换 unnecessary, avoidable sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in capture one’s attention替换attract one’s attention. facet,demension,sphere代aspect be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause. There are several reasons behind sth 替换. . reasons for sth desire 替换want. pour attention into 替换pay attention to bear in mind that 替换remember enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思) interaction替换communication

frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible （三） accelerate. 后面接名词，表示“加速”，中性词，好事坏事都能用。 adequate. “足够的”，用来替代经常被使用的enough。 advance. 名词，“进步，发展”，用来替代文章开头经常使用的development，progress。 advisable / sensible / rational. “合理的”，都可以替代reasonable。 cannot afford to. “不应当做”，不是我们说的“负担不起”。 be alert to something. “对…保持警惕”，后面接消极概念。 alternative. “其他的选择或办法”，比如an alternative is that… 就相当于in addition（除此 之外）了。 applicable / feasible / workable. 都表示“可行的”，用在政策、法令、手段等词前面做修饰语，既可增加字长，又可以提高词汇水平。 approach / channel. “方法，手段”，用来替代我们经常使用的一些简单词汇，如method 等等。 approve of something. “批准，同意”，注意不要忘记介词of。 attach importance to something. 表示“重视，强调”，替代pay attention to。 ban / prohibit something. “禁止，杜绝”，表达这个含义时尽量不要使用stop。 barrier / obstacle / impediment. “障碍、阻碍”，名词，在写作考试中经常被用到。 capital / fund. 解决社会问题时一般都会提到需要投资，可以用到这两个单词，替代money。 Finance 金融 financial challenging. “困难，有难度”，用来替代difficult。 in such circumstances. “在这类情况下”，写作时用于总结某个内容。17. considerable. “相当大，相当多的”，非常常用的修饰语， 比如considerable changes就是相当大的变化。 in contrast. “相反”，用来替代我们经常使用的on the contrary，on the other hand。 conversely. “相反地”，也可以用来替代on the contrary，on the other hand。 copy / repeat one’s experience / success. “借鉴别人的经验，成功经验”。 critical. “至关重要的”，用于替代已经被用滥的important。 currently. “目前”，用来替代now，nowadays。 damage. 作为名词，含义是“损失、损失金额”，动词“损坏”的搭配能力非常强，和表示物品或抽象概念的词都可以放在一起使用，因此可以用来替代destroy。 decline. “衰退”，表示数字下降得比较缓慢，在图表作文中根据图表曲线的实际情况使用，替代我们使用的普通单词decrease。 defect. “缺点，不足”，用来替代“shortcoming”。 (www. yingyuzuowen. com) demonstrate / illustrate. “说明，表明”，用在图表作文中替代show，reveal等单词。 depict / portray. “描述，描绘”，在漫画作文中替代describe。 deteriorate. “恶化”，用于替代get bad或get worse。 devise. “设计，指定”，后面可以接表示方法手段的内容。 discard / abandon. “放弃，抛弃”，用于表达放弃消极想法或做法。 dispute. “争端，冲突”，用来替代problem，argument。79. progress. “发展，进步”，可以同advance交替使用，以避免重复，并可以替代 development。 a range of / a series of / a string of. “一系列”，特别是后两个单词通常都可以用在消极概念前边，可以用作修饰语，增加文章长度。 relieve. “减轻，缓解”，用于消极概念前， 词组为relieve somebody of something“消除某人的…。 soar. “迅速上升”，用于图表作文。 strongly recommend that somebody should do something. “强烈要求，建议”，这个词的语气其实很强。 remain. “一直处于某状态”，后面一般使用形容词。 remedy. “补救措施，解决办法”，用于替代solution。 resolve difference. “消除分歧，差异”，常用写作词组。 rewarding. “有收效，有回报的”，用在方法手段或政策法规的内容上。 shrink. 过去式和过去分词为shrank，shrunk，“缩小，减少”，用来替代我们经常使用的decrease。 slight / slightly. “稍微，有点”，这个词可以在我们写作文时做修饰语，比如slight difference或drop slightly，起到增加字长和提高单词水平的作用。 strategy. “策略”，其实也就是“方法手段”的含义，自然就可以替代method，way等单词。 strengthen. “加强，巩固，改善”，同improve交替使用，以避免重复。 sufficient. “足够的”，用在资金，资源等单词前做修饰语，替代enough。 system. 这个词的搭配能力非常强，比如educational system, legal system, economic system等等，只要形容词后面加上这个词，其实就成了形容词本身可以变化的名词，上面三个例子就可以理解为教育，法律或者经济。 threaten. “威胁到，危及”，后面接诸如环境，发展，进步等单词。 traditionally. “过去”，用于替代in the past。 when it comes to something. “当我们谈到…时”，用于文章开头。 （四） individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons) positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)， perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of , a host of, many, if not most)替换many. 注. 用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that…. 同理 用most, if not all ,替换most. a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think (因为是书面语，所以要加that) affair ,business ,matter 替换thing shared 代 common reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits ) for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。 所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing. 修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. Eg. sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.

little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly beneficial, rewarding替换helpful, shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very hardly necessary, hardly inevitable … 替换 unnecessary, avoidable sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in capture one’s attention替换attract one’s attention. facet,demension,sphere代aspect indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause. There are several reasons behind sth 替换. . reasons for sth desire 替换want. pour attention into 替换pay attention to bear in mind that 替换remember enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思) interaction替换communication frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible （五） 因果 naturally, as a result, consequently, not surprisingly, quite understandably, predictably, presumably, contribute to, result in , the result can be identified in…, ascribe … to . . , attribute … to…, derive from. . , spring from, arise from, 递进 in addition to that, besides, apart from, let alone, not to mention, quite conscious of, moreover, 并列 Coupled with, combined with, going hand in hand with，integrated with…, entwined with. . , 转折 It is, however, nevertheless, in spite of , regardless of, unaware of，for all that …, heedless of . . , nonetheless, . 常见得分词汇替换表 （冒号前面的是我们习惯想到的词，考试中尽量少用！一定要用俺给你推荐的后面的词去替换前面的哈！mengest!） We, everyone. any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius More and more. increasingly, Big. enormous, tremendous, gigantic, titanic, astronomical, vast, boundless, Very. extremely, overwhelmingly, undeniably, remarkably, voluminously, excessively, exceedingly, tangibly, impressively, shockingly, Famous. renowned, celebrated, accomplished, distinguished, prominent, eminent, outstanding, preeminent, Good. spectacular, amazing, unbelievable, incredible, magnificent, adorable, fantastic, fascinating, admirable, respectable, cherishable, adorable, awesome, terrific, majestic, Bad. nightmarish, disgusting, despicable, monstrous, appalling, abhorring, repelling, repulsive, Important. significant, essential, basic, fundamental, indispensable, crucial, critical, decisive, determinant, dominant, predominant, infallible, Say, Believe，think. suppose, hold, claim, maintain, presume, assume, contend, argue, declare, I am convinced, conclude, Improve, better. further, promote, enhance, reinforce, strengthen, consolidate, cement, nurture, relieve, recover, drop. “下降”，用来替代decrease。这个词表示下降比较快，如果再用修饰语，应当是sharply，dramatically，drastically。这三个单词一般都用在消极的单词上。 积极的用greatly。 eliminate. “消除”，用于写作与社会消极问题有关的文章。 emerge as. “逐渐崛起并成为”，这个词组虽然很短，但是含义非常复杂，可以用在文章的开头，表达某种事物或社会现象从无到有，并迅速传播。比如 Internet has emerged as an indispensable channel for people to exchange information。 employ. “采纳，采用”，与表示“观点，方法，政策，法令”等英语单词搭配使用，用来替代adopt。 enforce. “执行”法律法规，通常用于作文结束部分，对某个社会问题提出解决办法时使用。 essential. “至关重要，核心的”，形容词，用来替代important。 It is generally established that. “众所周知，公认”。 when the situation is reversed. “相反”，用来替代on the contrary。 excessive. “过度的”，这个词在表达消极概念时都可以做修饰语，副词形式 excessively，比如tap“开发”，就可以说tap something excessively。 exchange. 这个词才是文化，教育等方面的“交流”，而不是communication。 expand. “扩大”，后面接影响，范围一类的词汇。 facet / factor. “方面，因素”，写作时尽量避免使用element，这个词中国人用得不是很好，aspect因为用的人较多，也可以避免。 fail to do. “没有能够”，可以适当替换带有cannot的句子。 frequently. “经常”，替代often，表示发生频率很高。 fresh / novel. “新的”，比如fresh idea等，都可以用来替代我们经常使用的new。 fulfill. “完成，取得”，记住以下词组，fulfill the task, fulfill the dream, fulfill the role。 give priority to something. “重视，优先考虑”。 give rise to something. “引发，导致…的出现”，积极消极概念都可以使用。 given that. “由于…原因”，可以用在句子的开始位置，后面接完整的句子，相当于 because。 greatly / remarkably. “非常，相当”，作为褒义词，可以用在表示上升、前进、发展等积极含义的单词前面加强程度。 guard against. “留心、警惕”，后面使用名词型结构。 household. “家庭”，这个词偏重的家庭生活中的设备，物质概念，因此，比如计算机，汽车等设备进入家庭，就应当用enter the household，而不是我们用的home或family。生活垃圾也可以表达为household wastes。

be ignorant about something. “对…没有引起足够重视”，表示没有意识到。 incidence. “不良事件”，比如incidence of pollution，incidence of fake commodity等等，表示出现上述不良情况。 increasingly. “越来越”，副词，可以用在动词和形容词前面，加深程度。 indispensable. “不可缺少的，必须的”，写作时可以用来做很多名词的修饰语。 individualistic / selfish / self-centered. 都是“自私的”含义，可以交替使用。 inspire / stimulate. “鼓励”，替代encourage。 for instance. “例如”，虽然这个词组我们经常见到，但很少有人在写作文时用它来替代for example。 instruct. “教育”，名词形式为instruction，同educate，education交替使用。 intend to do. “计划，打算”，可以替代be going to等词组，表达做事的意愿。 make investment into. “投资，投入”，投资是解决社会问题的一个核心方式，因此这个词组在英语写作中经常会用到。 issue. “问题”，中性词，我们平常使用的problem是贬义词，因此比如网络问题等词组都应当用issue来表达。 launch a campaign to do something. “大力开展…活动”。 maintain. “一贯认为，坚持认为”，一般写成somebody maintains that，后面使用完整的句子，用来替代think, believe。 major. “主要的”，用来替代main。 major / primary concern. “主要关注点”，名词， 要说something is somebody’s major concern。 misleading. “误导的，错误的”，替代wrong。 observe. “遵守”，后面接名词，如法律法规等。 be out of / be short of. “耗尽”/“短缺”，用来替代lack，同时提醒大家lack这个词的动词形式在英语中使用的很少。 outlook. “前景，未来”，用来替代future。当然，如果用future，就可以加个修饰语，比如foreseeable future等等。 plummet / slump. “急剧下降”，图表作文中使用较多。 popularize. “推广，普及”，很常用的单词，后面接知识，道理，方法，法律法规等各种词汇。 possess. “拥有”，用于替代have，既可以表示拥有具体事物，也可以说拥有抽象品质，特征。 poverty-stricken. “贫困的，低收入的”，替代poor。 practice. “（广泛，大范围）的从事”，常与laws and regulations, policy或其他类似范畴的单词连用，用来替代carry out。 profit. “好处”，这个词本来是指经济上的利润，但现在可以用来替代benefit，表示广义的好处。 Everyone knows. it’s a truth universally acknowledged that, It can never be denied, it is undeniable that It goes without saying that It is self evident that It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that It comforts one to know that… 顶尖副词. Excessively, unbelievably, shockingly, reasonably, logically, tremendously, remarkably, noticeably, tangibly, perceptibly, hopefully, incredibly, amazingly, fundamentally, excessively, extremely, overwhelmingly, sharply, dramatically, drastically, justifiably, convincingly, ignorantly, fantastically, hardly, barely, sparsely, surprisingly, unexpectedly, 列举事例段落常见的开头语. The case/ story of XXX stands as an undisputed confirmation of …. . that… XXX remains a solid evidence of …. Adding further credibility/plausibility to the argument is the story of XXX My conviction stands on the following three… 动词替换. Improve 提高. Promote. 促进AC之间的贸易promote the trade between A and C; He was promoted to senior manager in this company. Advance. our understanding of human genetics has considerably(非常的，可换做vastly) advanced. Enhance. the publicity has enhanced his reputation. 这次宣传提高了他的名望 change 改变. Transform. 多指改头换面，完全改变，不能用于形容slight change。说到人口变化. the increasing population has transformed the landscape and structure of local industry structure. 人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构 Emphasize 强调. Highlight. the report highlight the decline in the numbers of native(可以换作local) plants and insects. Stress. He stresses the need for parents to listen to their children. Accentuate. the crisis accentuates the gap between rich and poor. (highlight and emphasize 的区别. highlight是告诉人们重点，因而能够让别人注意，类似于老师勾重点；而emphasize则是使重点清晰，不管别人是否能注意得到。而stress则和emphasize差不多) Develop培养. Cultivate. cultivate the ability of … ；培养情操；cultivate a more relaxed and positive way towards life. Nurture. 养育，同样可以指培养人才（talents）the sea nutures ample marine animals. Break 破坏. Impair. impair ability; 主要是破坏能力，莫乱用。 Undermine这个词也是指的是抽象意义上的破坏，有逐渐削弱之意，重点是循序渐进的过程。Undermine one’s ability/confidence/authority/position/credibility Jeopardize. 不能乱用，破坏的东西要上一定的等级才能配上此词。比如Jeopardize the process of peace. 破坏和平进程 Devastate特指毁灭、蹂躏 the earthquake devastated the whole city. Keep 保存 Preserve、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect，protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。 deal With解决 Tackle. tackle the problem. Resolve. resolve dispute争论/conflict冲突/problem/issue/crisis危机；来自拉丁语，比较正式。 need 需要 Require. xxx requires courage and confidence. Necessitate. 用法不简单，没有摸透。 call for（这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个【我不晓得奥巴马咋个用的，原帖是这样说的，并且call for也挺正式的】）. 跟need一样的用法 形容词替换. Everywhere 普遍的 Widespread. 随便用 Prevalent. Drug abuse is especially prevalent among teenagers. Overflow. 泛滥 the garden is overflew with colors of flowers. Rampant. 特指有害的东西泛滥，比如疾病，犯罪等，并且难于控制。H1n1 Virus is rampant in the world. 甲流世界泛滥

Good 好的（太多了） Impressive, glorious, amazing, brilliant, incredible, attractive… Beneficial（反义词. detrimental）the drug is beneficial to the immune system. Advantageous. 特指有益的。Advantageous industry. 优势产业 Harmful 有害的 Unfavorable, horrible, disgusting Inhumane. 没人性的 lousy (I’m fed up with the lousy job. ) severe (severe problem, illness, injuries. ) abysmal(低谷. their performance is abysmal. ) Detrimental. smoking is detrimental to your health. Baneful. 现阶段用不到，文学作品里面的“邪恶”，完全诘屈聱牙。 Rich 富有的 Wealthy、Affluent、ample There are a myriad of stars in the Milky Way. (银河系好多星星啊！！) Poor 贫穷的 Impoverished（动词表示使贫穷. The great depression had impoverished many third world countries. ）an impoverished student. Serious 严重的 Severe Obvious 明显的 Manifest. a manifest error judge明显判断失误; Adv. Manifestly . e. g. a manifestly unfair system. Apparent、Evident Patent. patent impossibilities. 显然不可能的事。 cheap 便宜的 Economical. 经济的，不浪费，而不是单纯指某物便宜。经济适用房. economically affordable housing。 Inexpensive=cheap Reasonable. 价格合理的。Reasonable price Affordable. 能够支付的。 名词替换. Forefather 祖先 Ancestor、Predecessor Difference不同 Gap（简单但是牛）沟，generation gap——very common use in CET-4/6 Distinction. sharp/clear distinction between allergy and food intolerance (TBBT里面的Howard就有lactose intolerance，一吃peanuts就会肿，长荨麻疹rash哈哈。) 再想牛就用schism。比如“填平两个分支学科之间的分歧”heal the schism between clinical medicine and public health. (有本书就叫这个。) Crime 犯罪 Delinquency. 一般crime都用不到。指道德败坏，违法行为，为显示词汇量可以与crime连用 Criminal Act. 犯罪行为 Environment 环境 Circumstance. under the circumstances. 相当抽象的词，“情况”。 Surrounding. 表示周围居住的环境，想当具体。Nearby可与之互换。The surrounding area. Atmosphere、Ambience. 这两个词可替换，但是当atmosphere表示大气层的意思的时候则不能。 Pollution 污染 Contamination. 我觉得太装B了，他的pp还不错. contaminated water—特指被污染的水 Human 人类 Individual/men/ones/以及一切表示工人，农民公务员等等的词 The human race Humankind Humanity. 特别指出，用来表示人性。其他一概不要用。虽然也有人之类的意思。 Danger 危险 Hazard. 化学、物理危害；隐患. polluted water is a hazard to wild life and nature；safety/nature hazard. modern society 在当今社会 In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age（这是最牛的说法） 连词、介词、副词 firstly（首先）：previously, beforehand, foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally , mainly, essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universally, on the whole, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with , first of all, at the outset… then（然后）: subsequently, afterward, thereafter, after that, succeeding (adj.), secondarily, what is more, furthermore (further more)… lastly（最后）: ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all , last but not least, finally… too（也）: as well（句末）, in addition, besides, moreover, additionally, to boot, excessively, also… and（和）: plus, as well as, along with, in addition, bonus, with… or（或）: otherwise, if not, before, or else… so（因此，adv.）: therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason, hence, that’s why. because（因为）: as, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that… but（但是）：however, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, 让步 although, even thought, though, even if, while, as, despite the fact that… only（仅仅）: just, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely… without（没有）: excluding very（非常） : extremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly, unusually… in fact（事实上）: as a matter of fact, indeed, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, actually, literally, truly… 形容词、副词 important（重要的）: essential, significant, vital, crucial, profound, play a pushing role, indispensable, requisite, critical, fundamental, primary, elementary, underlying, rudimentary, basically, necessary… big（大的）: gigantic, massive , colossal, enormous, immense, gargantuan , tremendous, titanic, giant, vast, large, huge, monster, bulky, many（许多）: numerous, myriad, infinite forever（永远，adv.）: infinity, eternal, timeless, everlasting, undying, endless, changeless, perpetually… small（小的）: minimum, diminutive, minute, petite, wee, undersized, teeny, tiny, little, petite（女子身高娇小）

good （好的）: marvelous, fabulous, gorgeous, spectacular, outstanding, distinguished, remarkable, superb, incredible, unbelievable, out of this world, magnificent, charming, stunning, fantastic, terrific, excellent, great, wonderful, amazing, awesome bad（坏的） : awful, terrible, dreadful, defective, faulty, imperfect, inadequate, poor, substandard, unsatisfactory, harmful, damaging, deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, ruinous, unhealthy, evil, immoral… clever（聪明的）: brilliant, knowledgeable, intellectual, intelligent, excellent, bright, smart happy（快乐的）: delightful , delectable, elated, glad, overjoyed, pleased, jubilant, merry, joyful beautiful（漂亮的）: charming, charismatic, attractive, gorgeous , pretty, endearing, sweet, adorable, eye-catching, handsome, hot, cute, good-looking, lovable, engaging… fast（快的）：swift, quick, rapid, speedy, hasty, nippy, like lightning hurry（忙碌，v.）：hustle, rush, make haste, tear, step on it, dash, get a move on, step on it, scoot. easy（简单的）: simple, effortless, no trouble, painless, plain sailing, uncomplicated , undemanding, unproblematic, a piece of cake (informal), child’s play (informal),… clear（清晰的）: obvious, apparent , blatant, comprehensible, conspicuous, distinct, evident, manifest, palpable, plain, pronounced, recognizable, transparent, intelligible, lucid, plain, understandable, uninvolved, simple, … direct（直接的）: bald, basic, frank, naked, plain, sincere, stark, straightforward, candid, forthright, outspoken…. difficult（困难的）: hard, tricky, complicated, complex, intricate , involved, knotty, perplexing, puzzling, thorny… angry（愤怒的）: annoyed, cross, displeased, enraged, exasperated, incensed, infuriated, irate, mad (informal), livid (informal), berserk, outraged, resentful… dangerous（危险的）: perilous, breakneck, chancy (informal), hazardous, insecure, precarious, risky, unsafe, vulnerable 动词 think (that)（认为）: guess (that) （多用于美式）, hold the (opinion/ belief/ position/stand point/idea) that, assume, believe, deem, reckon, argue, maintain, suppose, conceive, insist, be convinced, to my knowledge, personally, from my personal perspective , as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, from my angle, consider, conceive, perspective… show（展示）: convey, reveal, express, corroborate, justify, imply, verify, clarify, signify, exemplify, illuminate , substantiate, demonstrate, elucidate, denote, characterized as, instruct, display, disclose, indicate, means, explain, give an/a example (reason, explanation) of, bear out, point out, point toward… know（知道）: realize, comprehend, identify, distinguish, discern, notice, perceive , recognize, see, understand, figure out, be acquainted with, be familiar with get（得到）: acquire, attain, acquire, achieve, obtain, gain suggest（建议） : have a proposal in increase（增长） : magnify, expand, proliferate, mushroom, improve, enhance, advance… impress（给……以深刻印象） : affect, inspire, engrave on, imprint of influence（影响）: impact, affect, guide, sway, stop（停止） : halt , cease, conclude, desist, end, pause, put an end to, quit, refrain, shut down, terminate… make（制造）：create, assemble, built, construct, form, manufacture; fore, cause, compel, constrain, drive, impel, induce, oblige, prevail, upon, require… give：present, award, contribute, deliver, donate, grant, hand over, hand out, provide, supply break（打破）：separate, burst, crack, destroy, disintegrate, fracture, fragment, shatter, smash, snap destroy（毁灭，损坏） ：ruin, raze, annihilate, crush, demolish, devastate , eradicate, shatter, wipe out, wreck, obliterate, weaken, undermine… happen（发生）：occur, come about, come to pass, develop, result, take place, transpire 名词 problem（问题）：issue, question, case, trouble, difficulty, dilemma. meeting（会议）：conference, discussion, assembly, conclave, congress, convention , gathering session, assignation, encounter, confrontation, argument, controversy… study：learning, application, lessons, reading, research, school

work, examination, analysis, consideration, contemplation, inspection, investigation, knowledge, scholarship … advantage（优点）: benefit, dominance, precedence, profit, superiority , merit… disadvantage（缺点）: shortcoming, weakness, inconvenience, drawback , deficiency, flaw, handicap (also v. 妨碍 ), downside, limitation. life：existence, conduct, life style, way of life 形容词. 贫穷的. poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 富裕的. rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 优秀的. excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 积极的，好的. good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 消极的，不良的. bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 明显的. obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 健康的. healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 惊人的. surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 美丽的. beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 有活力的. energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 流行的. popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive 动词. 提高，加强. improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 引起. cause = trigger = endanger 解决. solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 拆除. destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 培养. develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 激发，鼓励. encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 认为. think = assert= hold = claim = argue 完成. complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 保留. keep = preserve = retain = hold 有害于. destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 减轻. ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten 收获,获得. Harvesting 名词. 影响. influence= impact 危险. danger = perils =hazard 污染. pollution = contamination 人类. human beings= mankind = human race 老人. old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 幸福. happiness = cheerfulness = well-being 老师. teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers 教育. education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing 青少年. young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents 优点. advantage = merits = superiority = virtue 责任. responsibility = obligation = duty = liability 能力. ability = capacity = power = skill 职业. job = career = employment = profession 娱乐. enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment 孩子. children = offspring = descendant= kid 短语. 充满了. be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with 努力. struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for 从事. embark on = take up = set about = go in for 在当代. in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age 大量的. a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of 至今为止 to date（二） individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons) positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad, 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many. 注. 用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that…. 同理 用most, if not all,替换most. a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that) affair ,business ,matter 替换thing shared 代 common reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits ) for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more ( 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing. 修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. Eg. sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly beneficial, rewarding替换helpful, shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer

exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very hardly necessary, hardly inevitable … 替换 unnecessary, avoidable sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in capture one’s attention替换attract one’s attention. facet,demension,sphere代aspect be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause. There are several reasons behind sth 替换. . reasons for sth desire 替换want. pour attention into 替换pay attention to bear in mind that 替换remember enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思) interaction替换communication frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible （三） accelerate. 后面接名词，表示“加速”，中性词，好事坏事都能用。 adequate. “足够的”，用来替代经常被使用的enough。 advance. 名词，“进步，发展”，用来替代文章开头经常使用的development，progress。 advisable / sensible / rational. “合理的”，都可以替代reasonable。 cannot afford to. “不应当做”，不是我们说的“负担不起”。 be alert to something. “对…保持警惕”，后面接消极概念。 alternative. “其他的选择或办法”，比如an alternative is that… 就相当于in addition（除此 之外）了。 applicable / feasible / workable. 都表示“可行的”，用在政策、法令、手段等词前面做修饰语，既可增加字长，又可以提高词汇水平。 approach / channel. “方法，手段”，用来替代我们经常使用的一些简单词汇，如method 等等。 approve of something. “批准，同意”，注意不要忘记介词of。 attach importance to something. 表示“重视，强调”，替代pay attention to。 ban / prohibit something. “禁止，杜绝”，表达这个含义时尽量不要使用stop。 barrier / obstacle / impediment. “障碍、阻碍”，名词，在写作考试中经常被用到。 capital / fund. 解决社会问题时一般都会提到需要投资，可以用到这两个单词，替代money。 Finance 金融 financial challenging. “困难，有难度”，用来替代difficult。 in such circumstances. “在这类情况下”，写作时用于总结某个内容。17. considerable. “相当大，相当多的”，非常常用的修饰语， 比如considerable changes就是相当大的变化。 in contrast. “相反”，用来替代我们经常使用的on the contrary，on the other hand。 conversely. “相反地”，也可以用来替代on the contrary，on the other hand。 copy / repeat one’s experience / success. “借鉴别人的经验，成功经验”。 critical. “至关重要的”，用于替代已经被用滥的important。 currently. “目前”，用来替代now，nowadays。 damage. 作为名词，含义是“损失、损失金额”，动词“损坏”的搭配能力非常强，和表示物品或抽象概念的词都可以放在一起使用，因此可以用来替代destroy。 decline. “衰退”，表示数字下降得比较缓慢，在图表作文中根据图表曲线的实际情况使用，替代我们使用的普通单词decrease。 defect. “缺点，不足”，用来替代“shortcoming”。 (www. yingyuzuowen. com) demonstrate / illustrate. “说明，表明”，用在图表作文中替代show，reveal等单词。 depict / portray. “描述，描绘”，在漫画作文中替代describe。 deteriorate. “恶化”，用于替代get bad或get worse。 devise. “设计，指定”，后面可以接表示方法手段的内容。 discard / abandon. “放弃，抛弃”，用于表达放弃消极想法或做法。 dispute. “争端，冲突”，用来替代problem，argument。79. progress. “发展，进步”，可以同advance交替使用，以避免重复，并可以替代 development。 a range of / a series of / a string of. “一系列”，特别是后两个单词通常都可以用在消极概念前边，可以用作修饰语，增加文章长度。 relieve. “减轻，缓解”，用于消极概念前， 词组为relieve somebody of something“消除某人的…。 soar. “迅速上升”，用于图表作文。 strongly recommend that somebody should do something. “强烈要求，建议”，这个词的语气其实很强。 remain. “一直处于某状态”，后面一般使用形容词。 remedy. “补救措施，解决办法”，用于替代solution。 resolve difference. “消除分歧，差异”，常用写作词组。 rewarding. “有收效，有回报的”，用在方法手段或政策法规的内容上。 shrink. 过去式和过去分词为shrank，shrunk，“缩小，减少”，用来替代我们经常使用的decrease。 slight / slightly. “稍微，有点”，这个词可以在我们写作文时做修饰语，比如slight difference或drop slightly，起到增加字长和提高单词水平的作用。 strategy. “策略”，其实也就是“方法手段”的含义，自然就可以替代method，way等单词。 strengthen. “加强，巩固，改善”，同improve交替使用，以避免重复。 sufficient. “足够的”，用在资金，资源等单词前做修饰语，替代enough。 system. 这个词的搭配能力非常强，比如educational system, legal system, economic system等等，只要形容词后面加上这个词，其实就成了形容词本身可以变化的名词，上面三个例子就可以理解为教育，法律或者经济。 threaten. “威胁到，危及”，后面接诸如环境，发展，进步等单词。 traditionally. “过去”，用于替代in the past。 when it comes to something. “当我们谈到…时”，用于文章开头。 （四） individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons) positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)， perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms.

When it approaches to graduation,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of , a host of, many, if not most)替换many. 注. 用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that…. 同理 用most, if not all ,替换most. a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think (因为是书面语，所以要加that) affair ,business ,matter 替换thing shared 代 common reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits ) for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。 所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing. 修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. Eg. sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly beneficial, rewarding替换helpful, shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very hardly necessary, hardly inevitable … 替换 unnecessary, avoidable sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in capture one’s attention替换attract one’s attention. facet,demension,sphere代aspect indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause. There are several reasons behind sth 替换. . reasons for sth desire 替换want. pour attention into 替换pay attention to bear in mind that 替换remember enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思) interaction替换communication frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible （五） 因果 naturally, as a result, consequently, not surprisingly, quite understandably, predictably, presumably, contribute to, result in , the result can be identified in…, ascribe … to . . , attribute … to…, derive from. . , spring from, arise from, 递进 in addition to that, besides, apart from, let alone, not to mention, quite conscious of, moreover, 并列 Coupled with, combined with, going hand in hand with，integrated with…, entwined with. . , 转折 It is, however, nevertheless, in spite of , regardless of, unaware of，for all that …, heedless of . . , nonetheless, . 常见得分词汇替换表 （冒号前面的是我们习惯想到的词，考试中尽量少用！一定要用俺给你推荐的后面的词去替换前面的哈！mengest!） We, everyone. any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius More and more. increasingly, Big. enormous, tremendous, gigantic, titanic, astronomical, vast, boundless, Very. extremely, overwhelmingly, undeniably, remarkably, voluminously, excessively, exceedingly, tangibly, impressively, shockingly, Famous. renowned, celebrated, accomplished, distinguished, prominent, eminent, outstanding, preeminent, Good. spectacular, amazing, unbelievable, incredible, magnificent, adorable, fantastic, fascinating, admirable, respectable, cherishable, adorable, awesome, terrific, majestic, Bad. nightmarish, disgusting, despicable, monstrous, appalling, abhorring, repelling, repulsive, Important. significant, essential, basic, fundamental, indispensable, crucial, critical, decisive, determinant, dominant, predominant, infallible, Say, Believe，think. suppose, hold, claim, maintain, presume, assume, contend, argue, declare, I am convinced, conclude, Improve, better. further, promote, enhance, reinforce, strengthen, consolidate, cement, nurture, relieve, recover, drop. “下降”，用来替代decrease。这个词表示下降比较快，如果再用修饰语，应当是sharply，dramatically，drastically。这三个单词一般都用在消极的单词上。 积极的用greatly。 eliminate. “消除”，用于写作与社会消极问题有关的文章。 emerge as. “逐渐崛起并成为”，这个词组虽然很短，但是含义非常复杂，可以用在文章的开头，表达某种事物或社会现象从无到有，并迅速传播。比如 Internet has emerged as an indispensable channel for people to exchange information。 employ. “采纳，采用”，与表示“观点，方法，政策，法令”等英语单词搭配使用，用来替代adopt。

enforce. “执行”法律法规，通常用于作文结束部分，对某个社会问题提出解决办法时使用。 essential. “至关重要，核心的”，形容词，用来替代important。 It is generally established that. “众所周知，公认”。 when the situation is reversed. “相反”，用来替代on the contrary。 excessive. “过度的”，这个词在表达消极概念时都可以做修饰语，副词形式 excessively，比如tap“开发”，就可以说tap something excessively。 exchange. 这个词才是文化，教育等方面的“交流”，而不是communication。 expand. “扩大”，后面接影响，范围一类的词汇。 facet / factor. “方面，因素”，写作时尽量避免使用element，这个词中国人用得不是很好，aspect因为用的人较多，也可以避免。 fail to do. “没有能够”，可以适当替换带有cannot的句子。 frequently. “经常”，替代often，表示发生频率很高。 fresh / novel. “新的”，比如fresh idea等，都可以用来替代我们经常使用的new。 fulfill. “完成，取得”，记住以下词组，fulfill the task, fulfill the dream, fulfill the role。 give priority to something. “重视，优先考虑”。 give rise to something. “引发，导致…的出现”，积极消极概念都可以使用。 given that. “由于…原因”，可以用在句子的开始位置，后面接完整的句子，相当于 because。 greatly / remarkably. “非常，相当”，作为褒义词，可以用在表示上升、前进、发展等积极含义的单词前面加强程度。 guard against. “留心、警惕”，后面使用名词型结构。 household. “家庭”，这个词偏重的家庭生活中的设备，物质概念，因此，比如计算机，汽车等设备进入家庭，就应当用enter the household，而不是我们用的home或family。生活垃圾也可以表达为household wastes。 be ignorant about something. “对…没有引起足够重视”，表示没有意识到。 incidence. “不良事件”，比如incidence of pollution，incidence of fake commodity等等，表示出现上述不良情况。 increasingly. “越来越”，副词，可以用在动词和形容词前面，加深程度。 indispensable. “不可缺少的，必须的”，写作时可以用来做很多名词的修饰语。 individualistic / selfish / self-centered. 都是“自私的”含义，可以交替使用。 inspire / stimulate. “鼓励”，替代encourage。 for instance. “例如”，虽然这个词组我们经常见到，但很少有人在写作文时用它来替代for example。 instruct. “教育”，名词形式为instruction，同educate，education交替使用。 intend to do. “计划，打算”，可以替代be going to等词组，表达做事的意愿。 make investment into. “投资，投入”，投资是解决社会问题的一个核心方式，因此这个词组在英语写作中经常会用到。 issue. “问题”，中性词，我们平常使用的problem是贬义词，因此比如网络问题等词组都应当用issue来表达。 launch a campaign to do something. “大力开展…活动”。 maintain. “一贯认为，坚持认为”，一般写成somebody maintains that，后面使用完整的句子，用来替代think, believe。 major. “主要的”，用来替代main。 major / primary concern. “主要关注点”，名词， 要说something is somebody’s major concern。 misleading. “误导的，错误的”，替代wrong。 observe. “遵守”，后面接名词，如法律法规等。 be out of / be short of. “耗尽”/“短缺”，用来替代lack，同时提醒大家lack这个词的动词形式在英语中使用的很少。 outlook. “前景，未来”，用来替代future。当然，如果用future，就可以加个修饰语，比如foreseeable future等等。 plummet / slump. “急剧下降”，图表作文中使用较多。 popularize. “推广，普及”，很常用的单词，后面接知识，道理，方法，法律法规等各种词汇。 possess. “拥有”，用于替代have，既可以表示拥有具体事物，也可以说拥有抽象品质，特征。 poverty-stricken. “贫困的，低收入的”，替代poor。 practice. “（广泛，大范围）的从事”，常与laws and regulations, policy或其他类似范畴的单词连用，用来替代carry out。 profit. “好处”，这个词本来是指经济上的利润，但现在可以用来替代benefit，表示广义的好处。 Everyone knows. it’s a truth universally acknowledged that, It can never be denied, it is undeniable that It goes without saying that It is self evident that It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that It comforts one to know that… 顶尖副词. Excessively, unbelievably, shockingly, reasonably, logically, tremendously, remarkably, noticeably, tangibly, perceptibly, hopefully, incredibly, amazingly, fundamentally, excessively, extremely, overwhelmingly, sharply, dramatically, drastically, justifiably, convincingly, ignorantly, fantastically, hardly, barely, sparsely, surprisingly, unexpectedly, 列举事例段落常见的开头语. The case/ story of XXX stands as an undisputed confirmation of …. . that… XXX remains a solid evidence of …. Adding further credibility/plausibility to the argument is the story of XXX My conviction stands on the following three… 动词替换. Improve 提高. Promote. 促进AC之间的贸易promote the trade between A and C; He was promoted to senior manager in this company. Advance. our understanding of human genetics has considerably(非常的，可换做vastly) advanced. Enhance. the publicity has enhanced his reputation. 这次宣传提高了他的名望 change 改变. Transform. 多指改头换面，完全改变，不能用于形容slight change。说到人口变化. the increasing population has transformed the landscape and structure of local industry structure. 人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构 Emphasize 强调. Highlight. the report highlight the decline in the numbers of native(可以换作local) plants and insects. Stress. He stresses the need for parents to listen to their children. Accentuate.

the crisis accentuates the gap between rich and poor. (highlight and emphasize 的区别. highlight是告诉人们重点，因而能够让别人注意，类似于老师勾重点；而emphasize则是使重点清晰，不管别人是否能注意得到。而stress则和emphasize差不多) Develop培养. Cultivate. cultivate the ability of … ；培养情操；cultivate a more relaxed and positive way towards life. Nurture. 养育，同样可以指培养人才（talents）the sea nutures ample marine animals. Break 破坏. Impair. impair ability; 主要是破坏能力，莫乱用。 Undermine这个词也是指的是抽象意义上的破坏，有逐渐削弱之意，重点是循序渐进的过程。Undermine one’s ability/confidence/authority/position/credibility Jeopardize. 不能乱用，破坏的东西要上一定的等级才能配上此词。比如Jeopardize the process of peace. 破坏和平进程 Devastate特指毁灭、蹂躏 the earthquake devastated the whole city. Keep 保存 Preserve、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect，protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。 deal With解决 Tackle. tackle the problem. Resolve. resolve dispute争论/conflict冲突/problem/issue/crisis危机；来自拉丁语，比较正式。 need 需要 Require. xxx requires courage and confidence. Necessitate. 用法不简单，没有摸透。 call for（这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个【我不晓得奥巴马咋个用的，原帖是这样说的，并且call for也挺正式的】）. 跟need一样的用法 形容词替换. Everywhere 普遍的 Widespread. 随便用 Prevalent. Drug abuse is especially prevalent among teenagers. Overflow. 泛滥 the garden is overflew with colors of flowers. Rampant. 特指有害的东西泛滥，比如疾病，犯罪等，并且难于控制。H1n1 Virus is rampant in the world. 甲流世界泛滥 Good 好的（太多了） Impressive, glorious, amazing, brilliant, incredible, attractive… Beneficial（反义词. detrimental）the drug is beneficial to the immune system. Advantageous. 特指有益的。Advantageous industry. 优势产业 Harmful 有害的 Unfavorable, horrible, disgusting Inhumane. 没人性的 lousy (I’m fed up with the lousy job. ) severe (severe problem, illness, injuries. ) abysmal(低谷. their performance is abysmal. ) Detrimental. smoking is detrimental to your health. Baneful. 现阶段用不到，文学作品里面的“邪恶”，完全诘屈聱牙。 Rich 富有的 Wealthy、Affluent、ample There are a myriad of stars in the Milky Way. (银河系好多星星啊！！) Poor 贫穷的 Impoverished（动词表示使贫穷. The great depression had impoverished many third world countries. ）an impoverished student. Serious 严重的 Severe Obvious 明显的 Manifest. a manifest error judge明显判断失误; Adv. Manifestly . e. g. a manifestly unfair system. Apparent、Evident Patent. patent impossibilities. 显然不可能的事。 cheap 便宜的 Economical. 经济的，不浪费，而不是单纯指某物便宜。经济适用房. economically affordable housing。 Inexpensive=cheap Reasonable. 价格合理的。Reasonable price Affordable. 能够支付的。 名词替换. Forefather 祖先 Ancestor、Predecessor Difference不同 Gap（简单但是牛）沟，generation gap——very common use in CET-4/6 Distinction. sharp/clear distinction between allergy and food intolerance (TBBT里面的Howard就有lactose intolerance，一吃peanuts就会肿，长荨麻疹rash哈哈。) 再想牛就用schism。比如“填平两个分支学科之间的分歧”heal the schism between clinical medicine and public health. (有本书就叫这个。) Crime 犯罪 Delinquency. 一般crime都用不到。指道德败坏，违法行为，为显示词汇量可以与crime连用 Criminal Act. 犯罪行为 Environment 环境 Circumstance. under the circumstances. 相当抽象的词，“情况”。 Surrounding. 表示周围居住的环境，想当具体。Nearby可与之互换。The surrounding area. Atmosphere、Ambience. 这两个词可替换，但是当atmosphere表示大气层的意思的时候则不能。 Pollution 污染 Contamination. 我觉得太装B了，他的pp还不错. contaminated water—特指被污染的水 Human 人类 Individual/men/ones/以及一切表示工人，农民公务员等等的词 The human race Humankind Humanity. 特别指出，用来表示人性。其他一概不要用。虽然也有人之类的意思。 Danger 危险 Hazard. 化学、物理危害；隐患. polluted water is a hazard to wild life and nature；safety/nature hazard. modern society 在当今社会 In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age（这是最牛的说法）

[the-garbanzo-annex-jr]

ICHR called on Hamas to respect and promote the right to freedom of opinion, expression and peaceful assembly, and halt any measures that affect the right of citizens to organize public gatherings.

In an appeal to human rights organizations, Palestinian political activist Hamzeh al-Masri wrote:

"We, the people of Gaza, ask you to look into the crimes of the Hamas organization... and mention those crimes. We call on you to protect us from this organization that does not stop kidnapping and torturing citizens inside Gaza. And on this date 7/30/2023 there was a peaceful demonstration in Gaza calling for an improvement in the living conditions and [an end to] the severe injustice that we are exposed to in terms of poverty, hunger, permanent power outages, the imposition of heavy taxes on us, and the lack of jobs.... Hamas beat demonstrators, shot at their homes, and threatened them with weapons.... We call upon you once gain to protect us and rescue us from the Hamas organization as soon as possible. Watch all these crimes on this channel https://t.me/hamza20300"

Meanwhile, in the Ain al-Hilweh refugee camp in Lebanon, at least 11 Palestinians were killed and 40 wounded in armed clashes between rival gangs, and at least 2,000 Palestinians were forced to flee their homes during the three days of fighting. The clashes erupted after the assassination of Fathi al-Armoushi, a senior Palestinian security officer, and three of his bodyguards.

The same international media that have been reporting obsessively about Israel's counter-terrorism operations in the West Bank over the past 18 months, have totally ignored Hamas's brutal crackdown on peaceful protesters and journalists in the Gaza Strip. The same applies to the bloody clashes in the refugee camp in Lebanon, where more than 2,000 Palestinians have been displaced as a result of the fighting. When Palestinians beat or kill Palestinians, the international media choose to look the other way.

The voices of the anti-Israel activists around the world who regularly rush to condemn Israel for seeking to defend itself against Palestinian terrorism have gone silent when it really comes to protecting Palestinians. The activists, who describe themselves as "pro-Palestinian," do not actually care about Palestinians, especially those living in the Gaza Strip and Lebanon's refugee camps. If Israel cannot be blamed, the world does not care.

The silence shows that the "pro-Palestinian" messaging is just dressed-up antisemitism. The alleged distress of "pro-Palestinian" individuals and pressure groups has nothing to do with a genuine concern for the Palestinians -- and everything to do with a racist hatred of Jews.