#ropinirole

[bpod-bpod]

Delaying Tactics

A fatal neurodegenerative disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) causes the progressive loss of motor neurons, cells that send signals from the brain to muscles. Patients gradually lose the ability to move, and ultimately even breathe on their own, often succumbing to respiratory failure. There is no cure, and existing therapies to mitigate symptoms have only limited effects, but new methods of drug discovery offer some hope. Researchers recently reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells derived from ALS patients (pictured) to make motor neurons, then used these to identify a potential drug candidate, known as ropinirole hydrochloride. Early clinical trials with small numbers of patients suggest the drug is safe, and that its protective effect on cultured cells translates to real benefits: taking the drug for 48 weeks led to slower declines in motor function, delaying disease progression. More extensive trials will help determine if this promising drug can yield new treatments.

Written by Emmanuelle Briolat

Image from work by Satoru Morimoto and Shinichi Takahashi, and colleagues

Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Image copyright held by the original authors

Research published in Cell Stem Cell, June 2023

You can also follow BPoD on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook

[kingdrawcse]

Ropinirole: Balancing Benefits and Risks🎲🍔

Ropinirole is a dopamine agonist used for Parkinson's and restless leg syndrome. Like other dopamine boosters, it triggers our brain's 'reward system.' Some experience impulsive behaviors with potentially risky side effects, like gambling, overeating, shopping, or internet addiction. The severity of symptoms is linked to the dosage, and they gradually fade after discontinuation. However, quitting Ropinirole can lead to severe withdrawal reactions, making it challenging for long-term users to break free from the medication.

[agentnatesewell]

It’s embarrassing that, due to my line of work, when the detective asks Verda if Garrett could have been given any drugs that would have increased his dopamine levels and I immediately thought of carbidopa-levodopa or ropinirole 🤦‍♀️

(anyway i love n going rogue in this scene and asking the question about saliva in front of a)

[detentiontrack]

what new meds are you on? (js curious)

So first they upped my Prozac from 20mg to 40mg (for anxiety and depression), and they took my off my 1200mg lithium… idk why because it was working. The doctor said something about how I’m “”childbearing age””and if I got pregnant it would cause birth defects even though I told them I’m a lesbian and (Chappell Roan voice) no one’s touched me there in a DAMN HOT MINUTE. Also I’m 19 and willing to go on birth control for other reasons so it’s not like I’m going to intentionally get pregnant.

But ANYWAY they also put me on

Saphris 5mg: an atypical antipsychotic for mood stabilization

Trileptal 300mg twice a day: an anti convulsant that doubles as a mood stabilizer

Trazodone 50mg: antidepressant that doubles as a sleep aid

Seroquel 50mg: atypical antipsychotic for mood stabilization that doubles as a sleep aid

Ropinirole 0.25mg: I forgor what class it’s in but it’s a medication usually used for parkinsons that aids in reducing restless leg syndrome from the other two psychotics because I told the doctor I would flush my pills down the toilet if I have to deal with restless leg syndrome again (I had it when I was on latuda and it was hell) (yes I’m taking a pill to reduce the side effects of other pills. I hate it)

And then I’m also still on all my physical health medications + my adderall but I haven’t taken it much because I’m off school and work and don’t need to focus on anything. I’ll start taking it again when I go to PHP

[principleofplenitude]

Yet case reports are not hard to find. According to a 2010 article in the journal Sleep, a grandfather who was prescribed the dopamine agonist ropinirole for restless legs syndrome gained 200 pounds from binge eating and had his home raided by the police for illegal sexual activity on the Internet. In 2011, neurologists in Buenos Aires reported a Parkinson’s patient taking pramipexole who “was found by one of his sons attempting to have sexual intercourse with a female family dog.” In 2016, a 54-year-old Oregon man taking a dopamine agonist for Parkinson’s was sentenced to prison for exposing himself to 15 women in three different cities while wearing a wig. Once off the drug, many patients are so ashamed of their behavior that they are desperate to keep it secret. As Hannah put it, “You’re a professor, and you’re middle-aged, and you have esteem, and you’re walking around in a prostitute’s outfit with the word bitch across your chest. You might as well put me on a leash and walk me like a dog. It’s total degradation.”

“The Degradation Drug” from The American Scholar

[its-ticsticstics]

Medications for Tourettes Syndrome

*This is not intended to be taken as medical advice. This is purely for educational purposes*

Goal of pharmaceutical treatment of TS

The goal of using medications in the treatment of Tourettes syndrome is not to completely remove tics but to help them become more managable along with any comorbid disorders.

Currently approved drugs for the treatment of TS

Neuroleptics: Haloperidol (Haldol), Pimozide (Orap), Aripiprazole (Abilify). Neuroleptics act to antagonize dopamine, through the blockade of type 2 dopamine receptors. In general, the higher the potency of dopamine blockade, the more effective a drug is in ameliorating tics.

Drugs used off-label for the treatment of TS

Atypical Antipsychotics: Risperidone (Risperdal), Clozapine, Olanzapine (Zyprexa), Quetiapine (Seroquel). Atypical antipsychotics are more selective dopamine receptor D2 blockers, although they can also affect serotonin. These drugs include risperidone, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine and the partial agonist aripiprazole. Atypical antipsychotics may be considered a safer treatment for tics due to the reduced risk of developing acute or subacute side effects. Risperidone may also treat comorbid aggression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and Olanzapine may help with morbid ADHD and aggression.

Experimental pharmalogical agents in the treatment of TS

Benzamides: Sulpiride, Tiapride; may also help treat echophenomena, aggression, tension, and obsessive-compulsive comorbidities.

Tetrabenazine: acts as dopamine antagonist, by reducing the presynaptic storage of monoamines and blocking postsynaptic DA receptors.

Alpha adrenergic agonists: Clonidine (Catapres), Guanfacine. These drugs may also help with comorbid oppositional defience, aggression, and obessive-compulsive symptoms.

Benzodiazepines: Clonazepam (Klonopin); addictive and generally best for transient use.

Anticonvulsants: Topiramate (Topamax), Levetiracetam (Keppra); better tolerated than neurleptics but conflicting evidence efficacy.

Dopamine Agonists: Pergolide (Permax), Apomorphine, Buspirone (Buspar), Ropinirole (Requip); typically medications that are used in the treatment of Parkinsonism, low doses may also treat tics.

Cannabinoids: THC in particular may also help with comorbid self-injurious behaviours, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and ADHD.

*This is not an exhaustive list*

Sources: (x) (x)

[colinwilson11]

Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market Will Grow At Highest Pace Owing To Rising Awareness And Diagnosis Of RLS Disorder

The restless legs syndrome treatment market has been witnessing significant growth owing to the rising prevalence of RLS disorder globally. Restless legs syndrome or Willis-Ekbom disease is a common sensorimotor disorder characterized by unpleasant sensations in the legs and an urge to move them to relieve those sensations. The symptoms of RLS usually occur late in the day resulting in difficulty in falling asleep. The mainstream treatment options for RLS include dopaminergic drugs such as pramipexole, ropinirole, and benzodiazepines. The increasing awareness about the symptoms and management of RLS disorder and improving diagnosis rates are the key factors propelling the demand for effective RLS treatment drugs and devices.

The Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market is estimated to be valued at US$ 2.5 Bn in 2024 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 5.7% over the forecast period 2024-2031.

Key Takeaways

Key players operating in the restless legs syndrome treatment market are GlaxoSmithKline, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer Inc., and UCB Pharma. GlaxoSmithKline accounted for the dominant market share in 2021 owing to its blockbuster drugs Mirapex and Requip being used for RLS treatment.

The key growing demand in the market can be attributed to the rising prevalence of RLS disorder mainly due to increasing risk factors like advanced age, chronic kidney disease, iron deficiency, and pregnancy. According to estimates, around 10% of adults are affected by RLS worldwide. This high prevalence of RLS and associated symptoms are driving more people to seek effective treatment options.

Technological advancements like the development of next-generation neuromodulation devices for deep brain stimulation therapy and wearable devices with built-in sensors to monitor symptoms are boosting the adoption of non-drug treatment choices for RLS. Innovation in drug delivery systems to achieve 24x7 symptom relief without major side effects is also fueling the growth of the restless legs syndrome treatment market.

Market Trends

Increased adoption of combination drug therapies - The trend of prescribing more than one RLS drug in combination is growing as it helps relieve symptoms better than monotherapy in severe cases. Dopamine agonists are often combined with alpha-2-delta ligands.

Rising popularity of neurostimulation therapies - Advancements in neurostimulation devices and techniques like spinal cord stimulation and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation are providingrelief to RLS patients with fewer side effects than drugs.

Focus on developing personalized treatment protocols - With more insights into disease underlying pathophysiology, treatment protocols are becoming tailored to individual patient needs based on symptom triggers, severity, and comorbidities to achieve optimal outcomes.

Market Opportunities

Development of oral extended-release formulations - There is scope for developing oral long-acting RLS medications that reduce dosing frequency and boost adherence to the prescribed treatment regimen.

Combination of drug and non-drug therapies - Integration of dopaminergic drugs with neuromodulation and physical therapy holds potential for synergistic effects in RLS management by targeting multiple disease aspects.

Impact Of Covid-19 On Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market Growth:

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment market in several ways. During the initial lockdowns imposed by various governments globally, there was a disruption in manufacturing and supply chain activities. This led to delay in production as well as unavailability of key raw materials. However, as Restless Legs Syndrome is a chronic neurological condition, the demand for its treatment remained constant.

With the scare of infection, patients started preferring online consultation and home delivery of medicines over visiting hospitals and clinics for treatment. This boosted the telemedicine and e-pharmacy sectors. Pharmaceutical companies also shifted their focus to ensuring uninterrupted supply of drugs via online channels. However, priorities of healthcare systems changed drastically during the pandemic with more focus on COVID patients. Resources and funding were diverted for coronavirus treatment leading to delay in new drug development projects and clinical trials for Restless Legs Syndrome treatment.

As lockdowns are gradually lifting now, manufacturing and supply chains are getting back on track. The pharmaceutical industry is also focusing on expansion of their online presence and delivery networks to cater to the changed consumer behavior. Researchers are accelerating drug development processes to launch new and improved treatment options in the market. It is expected that with rising vaccination rates and adaptation to new normal, the Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment market will see steady growth over the forecast period.

Regions With Highest Consumption Of Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment:

North America accounts for the largest share of the Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market in terms of value. This is majorly attributed to the rising prevalence of the neurological condition in the region coupled with high diagnosis and treatment rates. According to estimates, around 12% of the adult population in the United States suffers from Restless Legs Syndrome. Availability of advanced healthcare infrastructure and favorable reimbursement policies further drive the market growth in North America.

Europe is also one of the key geographical regions concentratrating consumption of Restless Legs Syndrome drugs. Countries like Germany, United Kingdom, France have reported large patient pools undergoing medication therapy. Rising neurological disorders due to aging population and growing awareness aid the European market expansion.

Fastest Growing Region in Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market:

The Asia Pacific region is projected to witness the fastest growth in the Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market over the forecast period. This can be attributed to increasing healthcare expenditures of developing nations like India and China. Rapid economic development, rising living standards and growing medical tourism are improving access to diagnosis and treatment in the Asia Pacific region.

Moreover, key international players are expanding their presence in Asia Pacific by collaborating with local pharmaceutical manufacturers. evolving healthcare infrastructure and rising disease awareness campaigns by government organizations are further boosting the Restless Legs Syndrome patient pool. The growth momentum is expected to continue in the forthcoming years as well.

Get more insights on this topic: https://www.ukwebwire.com/restless-legs-syndrome-treatment-market-is-estimated-to-witness-high-growth-owing-to-advancements-in-novel-drug-development/

About Author:

Priya Pandey is a dynamic and passionate editor with over three years of expertise in content editing and proofreading. Holding a bachelor's degree in biotechnology, Priya has a knack for making the content engaging. Her diverse portfolio includes editing documents across different industries, including food and beverages, information and technology, healthcare, chemical and materials, etc. Priya's meticulous attention to detail and commitment to excellence make her an invaluable asset in the world of content creation and refinement. (LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-pandey-8417a8173/)

What Are The Key Data Covered In This Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market Report?

:- Market CAGR throughout the predicted period

:- Comprehensive information on the aspects that will drive the Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market's growth between 2024 and 2031.

:- Accurate calculation of the size of the Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market and its contribution to the market, with emphasis on the parent market

:- Realistic forecasts of future trends and changes in consumer behaviour

:- Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market Industry Growth in North America, APAC, Europe, South America, the Middle East, and Africa

:- A complete examination of the market's competitive landscape, as well as extensive information on vendors

:- Detailed examination of the factors that will impede the expansion of Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market vendors

FAQ’s

Q.1 What are the main factors influencing the Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market?

Q.2 Which companies are the major sources in this industry?

Q.3 What are the market’s opportunities, risks, and general structure?

Q.4 Which of the top Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market companies compare in terms of sales, revenue, and prices?

Q.5 Which businesses serve as the Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Market’s distributors, traders, and dealers?

Q.6 How are market types and applications and deals, revenue, and value explored?

Q.7 What does a business area’s assessment of agreements, income, and value implicate?

*Note: 1. Source: Coherent Market Insights, Public sources, Desk research 2. We have leveraged AI tools to mine information and compile it

[zayashr]

ما هو علاج مرض باركنسون؟

علاج مرض باركنسون يشمل مجموعة من الاستراتيجيات تهدف إلى تخفيف الأعراض وتحسين جودة الحياة. لا يوجد علاج نهائي للمرض، ولكن هناك عدة خيارات علاجية يمكن أن تساعد في إدارة

جراحات مرض باركنسون تُستخدم عادةً لعلاج الأعراض عندما لا تكون الأدوية كافية أو عندما تسبب الأدوية آثارًا جانبية غير مقبولة. هناك عدة أنواع من الجراحات التي يمكن استخدامها لعلاج مرض باركنسون:

الأعراض بشكل فعال.

1. الأدوية:

ليفودوبا/كاربيدوبا (Levodopa/Carbidopa): يعتبر العلاج الأكثر فعالية. ليفودوبا يتحول إلى دوبامين في الدماغ، مما يساعد على تخفيف الأعراض الحركية. كاربيدوبا يساعد على منع تحلل ليفودوبا قبل وصوله إلى الدماغ.

ناهضات الدوبامين (Dopamine Agonists): مثل براميبكسول (Pramipexole) وروبينيرول (Ropinirole)، تحاكي عمل الدوبامين في الدماغ.

مثبطات مونوامين أوكسيداز ب (MAO-B Inhibitors): مثل سيليجيلين (Selegiline) ورازاجيلين (Rasagiline)، تساعد على الحفاظ على مستوى الدوبامين في الدماغ.

مثبطات ناقلة الكاتيكول-أو-مثيل ترانسفيراز (COMT Inhibitors): مثل إنتاكابون (Entacapone)، تساعد على زيادة فعالية ليفودوبا.

الأدوية المضادة للكولين (Anticholinergics): تستخدم لتقليل الرعاش وتحسين التوازن.

أمانتادين (Amantadine): يمكن أن يساعد في التحكم في الحركات غير الطوعية (dyskinesia) الناتجة عن استخدام ليفودوبا.

2. الجراحة:

التحفيز العميق للدماغ (Deep Brain Stimulation - DBS): يتضمن زرع أقطاب كهربائية في مناطق محددة من الدماغ. جهاز مولد النبضات الكهربائية المزروع تحت جلد الصدر يرسل إشارات كهربائية لتنظيم نشاط الدماغ.

الاستئصال الجراحي (Lesioning): يشمل تدمير مناطق معينة من الدماغ مثل الكرة الشاحبة أو المهاد لتخفيف الأعراض.

3. العلاج الطبيعي والتأهيل:

العلاج الطبيعي: يساعد على تحسين القوة، التوازن، والمرونة.

العلاج الوظيفي: يساعد المرضى على تحسين قدراتهم في أداء الأنشطة اليومية.

العلاج بالكلام: يساعد في تحسين مشاكل النطق والبلع.

4. الدعم النفسي والاجتماعي:

العلاج النفسي: يمكن أن يساعد في التعامل مع الاكتئاب، القلق، والتغيرات المزاجية المرتبطة بالمرض.

مجموعات الدعم: توفر الدعم العاطفي والاجتماعي للمرضى وعائلاتهم.

5. العلاجات التكميلية:

التغذية السليمة: النظام الغذائي المتوازن يمكن أن يساعد في الحفاظ على الصحة العامة.

العلاج بالموسيقى، العلاج بالفن، والعلاج بالحيوانات: يمكن أن تساعد في تحسين الحالة النفسية وتقليل التوتر.

6. الإدارة الذاتية:

التمارين الرياضية: ممارسة التمارين بانتظام يمكن أن تساعد في تحسين الحركة واللياقة البدنية.

التثقيف المستمر: معرفة المزيد عن المرض وكيفية التعامل معه يمكن أن يساعد المرضى وأسرهم في إدارة الحالة بشكل أفضل.

العوامل المؤثرة في اختيار العلاج:

مرحلة المرض: تختلف العلاجات باختلاف مراحل المرض.

الأعراض السائدة: يحدد نوع الأعراض وشدتها الخيارات ال��لاجية الأنسب.

الحالة الصحية العامة: يؤثر وجود حالات طبية أخرى على اخت��ار العلاج.

المتابعة والرعاية:

الزيارات المنتظمة للطبيب: لتقييم تقدم العلاج وتعديل الخطة العلاجية إذا لزم الأمر.

الفحوصات الدورية: للتحقق من الآثار الجانبية ومراقبة الصحة العامة.

تحتاج إدارة مرض باركنسون إلى نهج متعدد التخصصات يشمل الأطباء والمختصين في العلاج الطبيعي والوظيفي والنفسي لتقديم الرعاية الشاملة والدعم المستمر للمرضى.

[watasemasaru]

ropinirole and bed i can't stomach being awake for another second

[mcatmemoranda]

●Pathophysiology – Edema is a palpable swelling produced by expansion of the interstitial fluid volume. Generalized edema is produced by one or more of the following: increased capillary hydrostatic pressure, decreased capillary oncotic pressure, and/or increased capillary permeability. The retention of sodium and water by the kidneys must also occur for edema to develop.

●Evaluation of lower extremity edema – Our approach to the evaluation of leg edema in adults depends upon whether the patient has unilateral/asymmetric edema or bilateral edema, and upon the acuity of the edema.

•Acute unilateral (or asymmetric) edema – In patients with acute unilateral or asymmetric edema, we first evaluate for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). If DVT has been excluded, we evaluate for other causes of acute unilateral or asymmetric edema:

Acute edema:

Medications

Heart failure

Nephrotic syndrome

Venous thrombosis

Acute worsening of chronic causes

Chronic edema:

Venous insufficiency

Heart failure

Left-sided with preserved or reduced ejection fraction

Right-sided

Pulmonary hypertension (including sleep apnea)

Restrictive pericarditis

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

Renal disease (including nephrotic syndrome)

Liver disease (early cirrhosis)

Premenstrual edema

Pregnancy

Malnutrition (including malabsorption and protein losing enteropathy)

Pelvic compression (including tumor or lymphoma)

Dependent edema

Sodium or fluid overload (including parenteral fluids, antibiotics and other drugs with large amounts of sodium)

Refeeding edema

Idiopathic edema

Inflammation (including sepsis)

Medications

Chronic lymphedema:

Primary lymphedema (presenting in childhood)

Secondary lymphedema (including lymph node dissection)

Thyroid disease (myxedema)

•Chronic unilateral (or asymmetric) edema – In patients with chronic unilateral or asymmetric edema, a diagnosis can generally be made based upon clinical features. If the history and examination are not consistent with a particular diagnosis (eg, venous insufficiency, lymphedema, or complex regional pain syndrome), we obtain compression ultrasonography (CUS) with Doppler. If the CUS suggests pelvic outflow obstruction, we obtain a transvaginal ultrasound or a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan of the pelvis.

•Acute bilateral edema – In patients with acute bilateral leg edema, we first evaluate for DVT. If DVT has been excluded, we assess for edema as a medication side effect (table 3) or as a manifestation of acute heart failure or acute nephrotic syndrome (table 2).

Table 3: DHP calcium channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine), other vasodilators:

Hydralazine

Minoxidil

Alpha-blockers

Endocrine:

Thiazolidinediones

Rosiglitazone

Pioglitazone

Glucocorticoids

Fludrocortisone

Estrogen

Progesterone

Tamoxifen

Aromatase inhibitors

Testosterone

Androgens

Less common meds:

Non-DHP calcium channel blockers (verapamil and diltiazem), anticonvulsants:

Gabapentin

Pregabalin

Antineoplastic:

Docetaxel

Cisplatin

Interleukin 2 therapy

Antiparkinson:

Pramipexole

Ropinirole

Antidepressants:

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Trazodone

Other:

Diazoxide

NSAIDs

Proton pump inhibitors 

•Chronic bilateral edema – In patients with chronic bilateral leg edema, a diagnosis can often be made based upon clinical features. If the history and examination are not consistent with a particular diagnosis (eg, chronic venous disease, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, renal, or liver disease), we obtain a semiquantitative urine dipstick for protein and measure serum creatinine, serum albumin, prothrombin time, liver function tests, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. If those tests are unrevealing, we obtain an echocardiogram. If the echocardiogram does not suggest the etiology of the edema, and chronic venous disease does not seem likely, we obtain imaging of the pelvis to exclude venous outflow obstruction.

●Evaluation of upper extremity edema – Our approach to the differential diagnosis of arm edema in adults depends upon the acuity of the edema.

•Acute – Acute isolated upper extremity edema can be caused by trauma, infection, superficial thrombophlebitis, or inflammatory arthritis of the upper extremity. Upper extremity venous thrombosis should be suspected when none of the etiologies noted above are present or if there are other significant risk factors such as the presence of a venous catheter. CUS with Doppler is the study of choice for the initial evaluation of patients with possible upper extremity venous thrombosis.

•Subacute/chronic – More gradual swelling of the arm occurs with lymphedema.

●Pulmonary edema – Patients with pulmonary edema complain primarily of shortness of breath and orthopnea. Physical examination usually reveals a tachypneic patient with rales and possibly a diastolic gallop (S3). The diagnosis of pulmonary edema should be confirmed by radiologic studies because other disorders, such as a pulmonary embolus, may produce similar symptoms but will require different therapy.

●Ascites – Ascites is associated with abdominal distention and both shifting dullness and a fluid wave on percussion of the abdomen. If ascites is suspected, the diagnosis can be confirmed by ultrasonography.

●Other presentations of edema – Other forms of edema include lymphedema, myxedema, periorbital edema, and scrotal edema.

[writer59january13]

Self destructive wickedness arrested, convicted, and gaoled...

with kidnapping little boy

ordered to suffer

life sentence without parole. The deadly scourge of one obsessive/compulsive disorder

nearly left me starving to death.

Anorexia nervosa absent bulimia nadir of onset diagnoses schizoid personality disorder severe social anxiety still legion I aire behavior which agonizingly elicited slow suicide

courtesy self starvation

maelstrom within psyche of self as prepubescent lad

(particularly devastated immediate family members)

as emaciation pitted existential revulsion from unseen

wuthering heights betook courtesy yours truly

teased, hectored, and called “professor,”

when riding the school bus

nearly wrung death knell

annihilating fragile entity christened Matthew Scott Harris

with peremptory imprimatur yielding covalent bond to life

readily obvious to kith and kin

via zorro like signature per profound perilous depressive psychological state.

Now - at about

three decades plus six years from attaining rank of centenarian

perfect 20/20 hindsight

offers supreme advantage from swift current near drowning alluded earlier when das scribe juiced thwarted leapfrogging from pollywog tad metamorphosed

to witness puberty, whence devastating emotional crisis tripped, trilled,

and tricked aborted

natural healthy development

chronological denouement demise

jump/kick started

theorizing numerous educated guesses

within mind of

middle progeny and sole sol

(of the both late father and mother

Boyce and Harriet Harris) respectively

why he willfully hurtled his flesh at light speed

down the abyss toward death.

Literal and physical lightness of being

manifested within nooks and crannies

prior to full blown symptoms

to eliminate sustenance

drawing the curtain on brief residence

way before high noon of life.

Metamorphosis from boyhood

kindled burning man

found solace in attempting

to keep at bay of pigs hijacked

natural cycle, which seminal

transformation grieved me

to pine for nostalgic childhood’s end (albeit one fraught with romanticism)

vengefully interpreted attempt

to halt dead in the tracks intervention of mother,

whose nursing experience helped fend off passive attempt

to promulgate passive

silent plan to fruition.

She whipped various nutritious concoctions in the blender

to ensure minimal essentials to this, I readily admit) famished body

in conjunction with applying vital supplements into

one or the other skeletal

gluteus maximus

thru fuel injection,

which submissiveness to acquiesce, and bare bony buttocks

to receive iron injections

did absolutely nothing to squelch death wish.

I inexorably did buzzfeed

hashtagged eating disorder to go on a deadly hunger strike,

which essentially constituted declaration of independent control

despite horrendous craving for food jabbed innards like a pike

bifurcated psychic division

to live ousted coeval death wish goal

to seize yore reminiscent blissful, (albeit fictional) childhood over flooded self made damned dike

engaging, engendering, engineering

propensity to catapult yours truly into abysmal emotional hole

and way before the invention of Facebook, I mentally clicked like

to surrender mailer daemons all of me healthy development stole.

Imprimatur indelibly etched decades after bout with passive exit from life

crimp on psycho/social skills plus stunted physical growth cuts like a knife

affecting mental health with panic attacks and anxiety although existence

considerably less riddled qua debilitating symptoms

(such as vertigo, racing heart, profuse sweating, nausea, irritable bowels)

relying on the following prescription medications: BUSPIRONE HCL 15 MG TABLET

CLOMIPRAMINE 50 MG CAPSULE CLONAZEPAM 0.5 MG TABLET

FLUOXETINE HCL 40 MG CAPSULE

GLYCOPYRROLATE 2 MG TABLET

PRAZOSIN 1 MG CAPSULE PRAZOSIN 5 MG CAPSULE

RISPIRIDONE 1 MG TABLET

ROPINIROLE HCL 1 MG TABLET.

To add insult to injury yours truly also gifted

courtesy split uvula

but did little to ameliorate

the writer of these words

suffering brickbats as scape goat, whereby severe adenoidal vocalizations

allowed, enabled, and provided an easy target viz black barbs poised to strike, hurled,

and bullied me by peers.

Up until I entered six grade

(at Henry Kline elementary -

a one classroom per grade school)

classmates bullied, derided,

and feigned to hammer -

jabbing leering, nasty pimping ragout as a rule

which boyhood self of mine availed

a perfect bullseye target

with combination of diminutiveness,

being painfully quiet,

essentially remaining mum the entire day except when called upon

to answer question thence utterance emanating between lips

produced and emitted

a strong nasal sound to boot

grist for the mill

sans malice meted, mimicked, and mocked mashup

of mine warped congestion

ah, twas only by a fluke conversation,

whence speech pathologist

informed my parents about

The Lancaster cleft palate clinic,

where oral an examination

revealed minor birth defect

identified as a submucous cleft palate,

which explained the severe pinched twang

somewhat mitigated by wearing

a removable prosthetic

fastened with clasps to upper teeth

whereby a makeshift miniature

plastic protuberance closed the gap (at the expense of practically gagging me)

so air would be prevented

passing thru my button nose,

and thus gentle and soft as a shutterfly

shunted air out oral opening

though congenital defect disallowed

returning merchandise back to sender nor could blame be affixed

at either father nor mother

who both harbored the genetic mutation

now such admissions

re: aforementioned impediment allows,

enables and provides boasting rights if in a mood temper

any curiosity or satisfying a rumor whispered down the alley whence I said “ah”

left nagging nincompoops

as if pie hole filled with a gobstopper.

[statesandcounties]

Understanding the Optimal Medication for Parkinson's Disease Tremors 1. Levodopa 2. Carbidopa-levodopa 3. Pramipexole 4. Ropinirole 5. Rotigotine Medication For Tremors From Parkinson's Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement and coordination. One of the most common symptoms of Parkinson's disease is tremors, which can affect various parts of the body, including the hands, arms, legs, and head. Tremors can be distressing and can interfere with daily activities, such as writing, eating, and dressing. Fortunately, there are medications available that ... Read More. https://statesandcounties.com/2023/06/22/medication-for-tremors-from-parkinsons-best-medication-for-hand-tremors-from-parkinsons-disease/?feed_id=5315&_unique_id=649b23b7a79ad

[cavenewstimes]

Parkinson's disease drug ropinirole safely slowed the progression of ALS for over 6 months in a clinical trial

2023-06-02 15:51:00Parkinson’s illness drug ropinirole securely slowed the development of ALS for over 6 months in a medical trialAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), likewise referred to as Lou Gehrig’s illness, is a deadly motor nerve cell illness that triggers individuals to slowly lose control of their muscles. There is no remedy, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), likewise referred to as…

[psikologline]

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu Nedenleri ve Tedavisi

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu (HBS), sinir sistemiyle ilgili nörolojik bir rahatsızlık olan ve bacaklarda rahatsız edici hislerle karakterize bir durumdur. HBS genellikle istirahat halindeyken, özellikle akşam ve gece saatlerinde ortaya çıkar ve bacaklarda karıncalanma, yanma, sızlama ve ağrı gibi hislere neden olur. HBS'li kişiler bu rahatsız hislerin hafiflemesi için bacaklarını hareket ettirmeye, sallamaya veya ovuşturmaya ihtiyaç duyarlar. Bu durum, uyku problemlerine yol açarak yaşam kalitesini önemli ölçüde düşürebilir. Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu'nun kesin nedeni tam olarak bilinmemekle birlikte, genetik faktörler, demir eksikliği, böbrek yetmezliği, gebelik ve bazı ilaçlar gibi faktörlerin HBS'nin gelişiminde rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Tedavi, altta yatan nedenlere yönelik olabilir veya belirtileri hafifletmeye odaklanabilir. İlaç tedavisi, demir takviyeleri, dopamin agonistleri ve antikonvülsanlar gibi ilaçlar içerebilir. Ayrıca, yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri ve bacak kaslarını gevşetmeye yönelik fiziksel terapi de HBS belirtilerini hafifletmeye yardımcı olabilir. ��şte huzursuz bacak sendromu nedenleri:

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu ve Genetik Faktörler

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu (HBS), genetik faktörlerle ilişkilendirilebilir. Ailede HBS öyküsü olan bireylerin, sendroma sahip olma olasılığı daha yüksektir. Genetik çalışmalar, HBS'nin kalıtımının çoğunlukla otosomal dominant olduğunu göstermektedir.

Demir Eksikliği ve Anemi

Demir eksikliği ve anemi, HBS'nin gelişiminde önemli faktörlerdendir. Beyindeki demir eksikliği, dopamin üretimindeki düşüşle ilişkilendirilmiştir ve dopamin eksikliği HBS'nin ortaya çıkmasına neden olabilir.

Böbrek Yetmezliği

Böbrek yetmezliği olan hastalar, HBS riski taşır. Böbrek yetmezliği, demir ve dopamin metabolizmasındaki değişikliklerle ilişkili olarak HBS belirtilerinin ortaya çıkmasına neden olabilir.

Gebelik

Gebelik sırasında HBS gelişme riski artar. Özellikle üçüncü trimesterde ortaya çıkan HBS, doğumdan sonra genellikle düzelir. Gebelikte HBS'nin nedeni tam olarak bilinmese de, hormonal değişiklikler ve demir eksikliği gibi faktörler rol oynayabilir.

İlaçlar ve İlaç Etkileşimleri

Bazı ilaçlar HBS belirtilerini tetikleyebilir veya kötüleştirebilir. Antidepresanlar, antipsikotikler, antihistaminikler ve bazı antiemetikler bu ilaçlar arasındadır. Wikipedia'da antiemetik

Nöropati (Sinir Hasarı)

Sinir hasarı ve nöropati, HBS belirtileriyle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Diyabet ve alkol kullanımı gibi nedenlerle oluşan nöropati, HBS riskini artırabilir.

Uyku Bozuklukları

HBS, uyku bozukluklarıyla sıkça ilişkilidir. HBS'li kişilerde uyku süresi ve kalitesi azalır ve bu durum, günlük yaşamda işlevselliği etkileyebilir.

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu ve Diyabet

Diyabetik nöropati, HBS belirtilerinin ortaya çıkmasına neden olabilir. Diyabetli hastaların HBS riski, sinir hasarı ve dopamin düzeyindeki değişiklikler nedeniyle artabilir. Huzursuz bacak sendromu tedavi yöntemleri:

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu İlaç Tedavisi

a. Dopamin Agonistleri: HBS belirtilerini hafifletmeye yardımcı olan dopamin agonistleri, dopamin düzeylerini artırarak sinir iletimini düzenler. Ropinirol, pramipeksol ve rotigotin örnek olarak verilebilir. b. Antikonvülsanlar (Nöbet Önleyici İlaçlar): Gabapentin ve pregabalin gibi antikonvülsanlar, sinir sistemi üzerinde sakinleştirici etkileri nedeniyle HBS belirtilerini hafifletir. c. Benzodiazepinler: Clonazepam gibi benzodiazepinler, uyku kalitesini artırarak ve kas gevşemesine yardımcı olarak HBS semptomlarını azaltır. d. Opioidler: Şiddetli HBS belirtileri için kullanılan düşük doz opioidler, ağrıyı azaltarak ve uyku kalitesini artırarak etki eder. Örnek olarak kodein ve tramadol verilebilir. e. Demir Takviyeleri: Demir eksikliği olan HBS hastaları için demir takviyeleri, dopamin düzeylerini düzenleyerek belirtileri hafifletebilir. Huzursuz bacak sendromu hakkında ilaç tedavisine başlamak için Psikiyatristler sayfamızdan önerilen bir doktor seçimi yapabilirsiniz.

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu: Yaşam Tarzı Değişiklikleri

a. Düzenli Egzersiz: Egzersiz, HBS belirtilerini hafifletir ve uyku kalitesini artırır. Ancak, egzersizin şiddetine ve zamanlamasına dikkat etmek önemlidir. b. Uyku Hijyenine Özen Gösterme: Düzenli uyku saatleri ve iyi uyku ortamı, HBS belirtileri ve uyku kalitesi üzerinde olumlu etkiler yapar. c. Sigara ve Alkol Kullanımını Azaltma: Sigara ve alkol tüketimi HBS belirtilerini kötüleştirebilir. Bu nedenle, tüketimi azaltmak veya bırakmak önemlidir. d. Kafein Alımını Kısıtlama: Kafein, sinir sistemi üzerinde uyarıcı etkiye sahiptir ve HBS belirtilerini kötüleştirebilir. Kafein alımını azaltmak faydalı olabilir. e. Stres Yönetimi ve Meditasyon: Stres yönetimi ve meditasyon, rahatlama sağlayarak HBS belirtilerini hafifletebilir.

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu: Fiziksel Terapi ve Masaj

Fiziksel terapi ve masaj, kas gerginliğini azaltarak ve sirkülasyonu artırarak HBS belirtilerini hafifletmeye yardımcı olabilir. Ayrıca, esneklik ve hareket kabiliyetini artırarak, genel yaşam kalitesini iyileştirir.

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu: Sıcak ve Soğuk Uygulamalar

Sıcak ve soğuk uygulamalar, HBS belirtilerini hafifletmeye yardımcı olabilir. Sıcak uygulamalar kasları gevşetirken, soğuk uygulamalar şişliği ve ağrıyı azaltır. Bu yöntemlerin etkinliği, kişiden kişiye değişebilir ve her iki uygulamayı deneyerek en iyi sonucu elde etmek mümkündür.

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu ve Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi

Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi (BDT), HBS belirtileriyle başa çıkmayı öğretir ve uyku kalitesini artırmaya yardımcı olur. BDT, düşünce ve davranış kalıplarını değiştirerek stres, endişe ve HBS belirtileriyle başa çıkmada etkilidir. BDT, diğer tedavi yöntemleriyle birlikte kullanılabilir ve yaşam kalitesinde önemli iyileşmelere yol açar.

Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu - Sıkça Sorulan Sorular

Huzursuz bacak sendromunun belirtileri nelerdir?Genellikle bacaklarda istemsiz hareket etme isteği ve rahatsızlık hissi olarak ortaya çıkar. Bu durum, özellikle dinlenme anlarında ve geceleri daha belirginleşir, hareket ettikçe hafifler.Huzursuz bacak sendromu için ne iyi gelir?Düzenli egzersiz ve stres yönetimi gibi yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri faydalı olabilir. Ayrıca, uygun ilaç tedavisi ve doktor önerisiyle demir takviyeleri de belirtileri hafifletmeye yardımcı olabilir.Huzursuz bacak sendromu psikolojik midir?Temelde nörolojik bir bozukluktur ve dopamin dengesizliği gibi fizyolojik faktörlerle ilişkilidir. Bununla birlikte, psikolojik faktörler, özellikle stres, huzursuz bacak sendromu belirtilerini kötüleştirebilir. İlginizi çekebilecek diğer yazılar; - Mutsuzluk Hissi Nedenleri ve Nasıl Geçer? - Psikolojik Rahatlama Yöntemleri - Belirsizlik ve Psikolojideki Etkileri Read the full article

[siglerprescriptiondrugcards]

Ropinirole Hydrochloride

Brand Name: Requip, Requip XL

Generic Available

Common Dosage Forms:

Tablets: 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, 4 mg, 5 mg

Tablets, extended release (XL): 2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg, 8 mg, 12 mg

FDA Indications/Dosages:

For the treatment of the signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: The recommended starting dose is 0.25 mg given three times a day. Weekly dosage increments of 0.25 mg per dose (three times daily) can be made up to a dose of 1 mg given three times a day. Further gradual tapering can be made up to a maximum of 24 mg/day. The normal dosage range is 0.5-5 mg three times a day. To discontinue, decrease dose frequency to twice a day for 4 days then once daily for three days then stopping. Patients may be switched to Requip XL from ropinirole by closely matching the total daily dose of ropinirole. Requip XL is to be given once a day.

For the treatment of moderate-to-severe primary restless legs syndrome (RLS): The recommended starting dose is 0.25 mg once daily, 1-3 hours before bedtime. The dosage can be increased to 0.5 mg daily after 2 days, and to 1 mg daily at the end of the first week. Weekly dosage increments can be made at 0.5 mg up to a maximum of 4 mg daily. No taper is necessary to discontinue dose in RLS therapy.

Pharmacology/Pharmacokinetics: Ropinirole is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist with full intrinsic activity at the D2 and D3 dopamine receptor subtypes. Its mechanism of action in Parkinson’s disease may be due to a stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine D(2)-type receptors within the caudate-putamen in the brain. The precise mechanism of action for RLS is unknown but may be related to primary dopaminergic system involvement. Ropinirole is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, reaching peak plasma levels in 1-2 hours. Metabolism occurs primarily via cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP1A2. Elimination half-life averages 6 hours. 40% is bound to plasma proteins.

Drug Interactions: Cigarette smoking decreases AUC by 38%. Omeprazole may decrease plasma levels. Ciprofloxacin increases AUC by 84%. Fluvoxamine, mexiletine, and estrogens may increase plasma levels. Dopamine antagonists (phenothiazine, butyrophenone, thioxanthene) may decrease the effectiveness of ropinirole.

Contraindications/Precautions: Patients have reported sudden initiation of sleep without warning. This has occurred during normal activities of daily living, including the operation of motor vehicles. Syncope, with or without bradycardia, has occurred during treatment, usually after an increase in dose. Postural hypotension, especially during dose escalation, may occur during treatment. Ropinirole inhibits prolactin secretion and potentially inhibit lactation. Pregnancy Category C.

Adverse Effects: The most common adverse effects include nausea (60%), dizziness (40%), somnolence (40%), syncope (12%), fatigue (11%), dyspepsia (10%), and viral infections (11%). Other adverse effects include general pain (8%), leg edema (7%), increased sweating, asthenia, abdominal pain, pharyngitis, abnormal vision (6%), confusion, hallucinations, hypertension, dry mouth, urinary tract infection (5%), rhinitis, sinusitis, anorexia, hyperesthesia (4%), flushing, malaise, flatulence, palpitation, amnesia, impotence, dyspnea, eye abnormality (3%).

Patient Consultation:

May be taken without regard to meals.

May cause dizziness or drowsiness. Use care when operating machinery or when mental alertness is required.

Orthostatic hypotension may occur; avoid rising rapidly from a lying or sitting position.

Patients should be informed of the possibility of experiencing hallucinations during therapy.

Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants, including OTC products.

Patients should inform their physician if they plan to start or stop smoking cigarette smoking.

If being taken for Parkinson’s disease, do not stop therapy abruptly; treatment should be tapered over time.

Store in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and children.

Contact a physician if the above side effects are severe of persistent.

If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible but to not double doses.

Do not divide, crush, or chew Requip XL tablets.