#roman occupation

[secular-jew]

In 1920, Syria Palestina was a Roman-named colony or region, not a country, (aka Palestine), stretching from Iraq to southern Syria, and of course, there was no country called Jordan. The word Palestine was 100% derived from the Hebrew name for the Philistines. There is no evidence of a written language left by the philistines and the only name that they were known by was the name given to them by the Hebrews at the time. The evolution of the word went something like this:

פלש—פלישתים—ארץ פלשת—סוריה פלסטינה/פלשתינה—פלסטין/פלשתין

PaLaSh—plishtim—the land of paleset—Syria Palestina (the name given to the land of Israel and Judea as a punishment by the Roman)—- Palestine

PaLaSh is the Hebrew root word for invade meaning we called the sea fairing invaders by their actual name, invaders

Important to know that the Arabs absolutely DENIED ANY RELEVANCE and would not ascribe and meaning re: "Palestine" for themselves.

Arab nationalists in the post-WWI period ADAMANTLY rejected the designation. Arab spokesmen continued to insist that the land was, like Lebanon, merely a fragment of Syria. On the grounds that it dismembered an ideal unitary Arab state, they fought before the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry and at the United Nations. The Arab historian Philip K. Hitti informed the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry that “there is no such thing as Palestine in history.”

In 1937, Awni Bey Abdul-Hadi, founder of the first Palestinian Arab political party, testified to the Peel Commission, "There is no such country as Palestine. 'Palestine' is a term the Zionists invented. There is no Palestine in the Bible. Palestine is alien to us."

In May 1956, Ahmed Shukairy, who became the first head of the Palestine Liberation Organization (at a time when Jordan had annexed the "West Bank" and Egypt controlled Gaza), declared to the United Nations Security Council, “It is common knowledge that Palestine is nothing but southern Syria.”

In February 1970, Prince El Hassan bin Tala of Jordan, stated to the Jordanian National Assembly that "Palestine is Jordan and Jordan is Palestine; there is one people and one land, with one history and one and the same fate." Seven months later, the PLO attempted to take over Jordan, lost, and were unceremoniously, kicked out.

In 1977, PLO Executive Committee member Zahir Muhsein stated, "The Palestinian people do not exist. The creation of a Palestinian state is only a means for our continuing struggle against the state of Israel for our Arab unity. … In reality there is no difference between Jordanians, Palestinians, Syrians, and Lebanese."

One might argue that this particular group of Arabs established, sometime in the mid 1960s, a political identity as "Palestinians," when Arafat returned from strategic partnership meetings with the Soviets communists who were attempting to gain a larger foothold in the region, and advised him how to use "Palestine" identity as a cudgel against Israel.

What they are NOT is "ancient" inhabitants of the region which, under Ottoman rule, was also dubbed "Syria-Palestine." What they are NOT is any sort of distinct ETHNIC group—like the Judeans (Judea/Samaria/Israel), the Phoenicians (Lebanon), the Kurds, the Druze, or the Circassians. They are Arabs, sharing the language, culture, religion, cuisine, ethnic group, etc. of the people of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. Prior to the 1960s, before the PLO was created, there were ZERO Arabs self-identifying as Palestinians. During the 19 years that Jordan controlled the so-called "West Bank" (Judea and Samaria, which had been cleansed of Jews by the Jordanians) and when Egypt controlled Gaza, there was no movement to create a "Palestinian" state.

Attached is a photo of the Palestine Symphony Orchestra in 1936, which consisted of 73 jewish musicians, and conducted by none other than Arturo Toscanini (born in Parma, father was a tailor). Toscanini was the music director at La Scala, before spending spent 7 years conducting the New York Metropolitan Opera (1908-1915) and the New York Philharmonic (1926-1936). He lived out his latter years in NYC, about a 1/2 mile from where I lived for a decade from 2005-2015 in Riverdale (Bronx), which is now called Wave Hill, a non-profit cultural institution and botanical garden, located on 26 acres adjacent to the Hudson River.

[todaysjewishholiday]

17 Tammuz 5784 (22-23 July 2024)

The Roman siege of Jerusalem in 3830 brought a brutal end to four years of rebellion against the Roman occupation of Judaea and Galilee. Eretz Yisroel had been under some form of foreign occupation for almost the entire period since the end of the Babylonian captivity, from the Persians to the Seleucid Greeks to the Romans, and had the history of the successful Maccabee Rebellion to look back on, which had ended with the closest thing to Jewish political autonomy during the whole second temple period.

The rebellion began in 3826, one of several rebellions against the excesses of Nero’s reign, including others led by Roman provincial governors. It combined Jewish religious objections to being governed by a polytheistic empire with widespread rage at the brutality of Roman military occupation and excessive taxation. The rebellion brought together nearly all classes of Judaean society and all the major socioreligious factions of Jewish life, with even the staunchly apolitical Pharisees throwing their support behind the rebellion. However as the conflict raged on the ideological and class differences of the Jewish combatants led to brutal internal strife which weakened the effort to cast off Roman tyranny.

The chaos throughout the Roman Empire during this period led to hope of Roman withdrawal and retrenchment to smaller imperial borders, especially when Vespasian, who had been leading the Roman assault on the rebels, took a large portion of his forces back to Rome to seize imperial power at the end of the bloody year of the four emperors in 3829. But the Romans were determined not to lose any of their subjugated territories, and Vespasian soon sent reinforcements back to his sons Titus and Domitian. The tide then turned against the rebels.

The seige of Jerusalem began just before Pesach in 3830, when the city’s population was swelled by Jewish pilgrims from across the Roman and Parthian empires. These visitors were trapped within the city’s walls with its permanent inhabitants, severely straining the city’s stockpiles of food and water. Disease and hunger were as deadly in the siege as the foreign army, and Jerusalem’s defenders soon turned on each other as tensions and rivalries reached the breaking point and every faction sought to blame the others for the horrible situation.

It was on the seventeenth of Tammuz that the Roman armies broke through the third and final defensive wall around the city. By the end of the month Jerusalem had been almost entirely leveled in a series of fires that broke out during the Roman massacre of much of the surviving population. Nearly a hundred thousand Jewish survivors were forced into slavery and taken elsewhere in the empire. Scholars estimate that less than ten percent of Jerusalem’s pre-war population remained in the area by the end of the year. The revolt’s suppression had brought untold horrors upon Judaism’s holiest city.

The seventeenth of Tammuz soon replaced the ninth of Tammuz, which was the anniversary of the Babylonian army’s breach of Jerusalem’s walls at the end of the thirty month siege of the city, as a sunrise to sunset fast day. Because the Roman destruction of the Beit haMikdash occurred on the same Hebrew date as the Babylonian destruction of the temple built by Solomon, there was no need to change the date of that observance.

The period from the seventeenth of Tammuz to the ninth of Av is known as the Three Weeks, and is observed in many Jewish communities as a mourning period for the physical and spiritual exile created by the destruction of both temples. Communities that consider post-exilic rabbinical Judaism to be a superior development to the sacrificial order and which celebrate the cultural vibrancy of diaspora Judaism over the longing for return are correspondingly less likely to emphasize the Three Weeks.

[grecoromanyaoi]

i remember seeing the ancient egyptian race debate and a comment that pointed out that usamericans try to impose our idea of black and white onto places where that idea did not exist at all and it made it so simple to understand

it’s not even abt black n white n ppl from all over the globe absolutely do it too it’s the insistence of using modern labels to describe ancient ppl/phenomenons that like. calling an ancient egyptian figure black or nonblack is abt as irrelevant as calling them gay or straight as in those perceptions of race or sexuality didn’t exist and therefore those specific identities weren’t formed or thought of as they are today. although there is a black history n african history that predates the black or african identity the same way that there is lgbt history that predates every identity in the acronym. but it’s kinda like. ig. calling ancient gaulish ppl french? or ancient britons english. or ancient judeans palestinian for that matter like. no? not really? gaul is part of the history of france but gaulish ppl weren’t… french? that national identity didn’t exist yet. that name wasn’t theirs yet. do u get what I’m saying.

[napoleonyaoi]

A farmer in Gaza discovered a Roman mosaic floor while tending to his olive trees in 2022. The mosaics are "in a perfect state of conservation" and are works of excellent quality.

Looters offered him money for it. He turned them down despite living in an Israeli-controlled territory where more than 50% of the people live in poverty. "I was happy to have found something historical from our ancestors, which belongs to the entire Palestinian nation." [x]

The Al Bureij mosaic is one of the many digging sites severely endangered by occupation bombardment.

[ameliafuckinjones]

What if Arthur Kirkland IS the legendary King Arthur, and he's just that old of a bastard.

[cuemeinyall]

Ok so I'm studying abroad in the UK from the USA, and jesus fuck

Yall just live surrounded by old ass buildings???? I saw fucking roman bricks yesterday. ROMAN BRICKS???? STILL IN USE!!!! YALL LIVE LIKE THIS???

I'm going insane as a history nerd.

[isorottatime]

“so then what? you want jews to have no place to go?”

regardless of any peoples’ “having a place to go”, it should NOT be coming at the expense of people already living there. any ties, religious or otherwise, shouldn’t ever mean you have the ability to kick REAL, LIVING, BREATHING PEOPLE, WITH FAMILY AND MEMORY AND CULTURE out of their ANCESTRAL HOMES in favour of settling somewhere you have never lived. EVERY religion & culture should have access to their holy & historic places. liberation for palestinians & their land doesn’t mean a reverse in the roles of oppression. this is the coloniser’s fear; fear that the subjugated will call for revenge; an eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth. this fear justifies their genocide. genocide, for the “safety” of the oppressor. the solution to the oppression of a people is not to expedite them to a land you’d like a convenient ally in. the solution is to create a world that isn’t so violently hostile it creates the need for a “homeland”. a “homeland” that, no less, is hostile to an entire sector of the people it claims to be home for.

FREE PALESTINE 🇵🇸

[fortressofserenity]

Something to consider about Israel

I still think it's easier to put Israel on a pedestal, as opposed to say Russia and Ireland, especially for many Protestants because Israel's kind of Protestant-adjacent compared to these two. The fact that a number of Protestants don't see Catholics and Orthodox as Christian suggest that Israel seems to be free of the problems they'd find in Russia and Ireland. But I feel it also makes Israel overrated, because it's almost always going to be treated with kid gloves whilst people will often find fault with say a Muslim majority country.

To make matters worse, countries like Lebanon and Egypt actually have longstanding Christian communities and Palestine also houses a primeval Christian community, but it's easier to go after Jews because they appear to have better PR than these three. I still think it's kind of rare for Protestants to be sincerely into Russia, Ireland, Morocco, Senegal and Japan as they would with Israel, not just due to their chosen status, but also because they want something Protestant adjacent. Something to remind them of home, something that doesn't have Catholic/Orthodox/pagan baggage.

It seems terribly ironic to think most people who're sincerely into Japan are secular, but most people who're super into Israel are Protestant.

[the-heaminator]

@helianskies

HELIA

CURSE THEE

[prussianmemes]

It is with heavy heart that the insanity has finally reached Leonid Brezhnev's hometown, Kamianske, will be dismantling their memorial to him tomorrow morning, 9:00 AM, July 27th 2023.

His entire life before coming to power was spent working in, and in the service of, the Ukrainian SSR. He rebuilt, renovated, and expanded the quality of life in Ukraine throughout most of his life.

It was he who built up the great city of Dnipro, kept Kyiv supplied and fed during the Second World War, who shielded his peers during the Great Purge, the only one who succeeded in relieving suffering during the 1946 famine, who restored Zaprozhie to prewar levels in incredible time and without terror. He never engaged in terror, he was one of the few who wholly and completely was engaged in his work with purpose and a cool head.

Like many others, his true identity was complicated. Sometimes calling himself a Ukrainian, sometimes Russian. Yet, he was a man loyal to his home above all.

Yet the iconoclastic fervor in the last year, this complete and total insanity, this call to completely revise and deny history, has come for Leonid in his home town.

There is no justification for this. No well reasoned, academic argument for this kind of collective denial, for anything other than immediate political gain and vanity.

[gophergal]

I desperately want a series that focuses on restaurant owners in historical settings

Restaurants are more important to civilized history than most folks realize. There have always been travelers tired of what they've been eating on the road, folks too busy to cook, and people living in homes that don't have a proper kitchen

[kakashis-kunoichi]

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A post shared by From the river to the sea 🇵🇸 (@notyourlocalsheikha)

[theheartwoodinside]

Curse tablet! Curse tablet!!

actually this is maybe the most haunting curse tablet from bath

[ghoul-haunted]

:((

[subaerial-dweller]

queen cartimandua is so girlboss

venutius is Ryan Gosling's Ken (leading a rebellion with all the other Kens)

vellocatus is the True Ken (just along for the ride)

caratacus is also girlbossing. he is unbothered by absolutely anything, making high quality speeches to get himself out of his own execution, absolute feminist, what a guy. love him.

[lire1x]

Les heures hostiles de Carole Declercq

Après les prémisses du Second Conflit mondial dans le très réussi « Les heures insouciantes », Carole Declercq nous emmène au cœur des « Heures hostiles », celles où l’Europe résonnait sous les tirs des armées, où les hommes mourraient sur tous les fronts et les femmes réinventaient la société pour joindre les deux bouts et pallier aux multiples manquements. Comme pour le premier tome, j’ai…