#quadrature

[apobezinsky]

my digital picture "Quadrature of the Buddha circle"

[maybefrench]

As-tu un compte aux Impôts / CAF / Améli / Pôle Emploi / Ursaff ? Ceci est pour toi :)

So, La Quadrature du Net a réussi à mettre la main sur 2 versions de l'algorithme de la CAF et c'est effarant. Et oui, ça te concerne quand même tu n'y es pas. Parce qu'ils utilisent tous des altos. Lit la suite vite fait ( ou passe direct à : Lutter contre les algos de contrôle )

La version longue mais très intéressante :

Notation des allocataires : l'indécence des pratiques de la CAF désormais indéniable

Mon résumé perso :

En gros, la CAF ne cherche pas à prévenir la fraude, elle cherche les indus. Pour ça, elle te score selon que t'es supposé être un profil de fraudeur ou pas. T'es AAH ? T'as le gros lot. T'es une mère célibataire ? T'as aussi un score élevé. T'es un couple qui gagne bien sa vie ? Même pas t'es inquiété.

So, selon ton score, l'algo décide de check ton dossier ou pas. Il flag ton dossier, un petit monsieur/madame regarde ton dossier en partant du principe que si l'algol t'a flag, c'est qu'il y a bien une raison non ? Et ils vont chercher la merde.

Là dessus. Ils vont cross tes données avec les impôts, l'assurance maladie, même tes comptes bancaires ( illégal ça non ? bah comme de te filer un score parce que t'habites le quartier pérave de ta ville et pourtant ! )

BREF !

La CAF déconne grave. Et comme son algo "il fonctionne", Pôle Emploi s'est dit qu'il allait aussi le test depuis le début de l'année. Et comme ça marche bien, l'assurance maladie s'y est mis aussi. On rappel que l'assurance maladie a genre des tas d'infos sur toi que tu voudrais pas que le type de la CAF ou de Pôle Emploi puisse voir ?

ET DONC ?

Si tu veux lire la version courte et te dire qu'on a bien dépassé le stade de la dystopie ordinaire, c'est ici ( CAF, Assurance Maladie, URSAFF, Pôle Emploi, Assurance Vieillesse, Impôts, etc... ) :

Lutter contre les algos de contrôle

LA VACHE ! ET MAINTENANT ?

Tu as envie de ne pas trop te laisser ? Ca te branche un peu d'emmerder légalement les institutions ? Tu aimerais connaître le score de ton trimestriel salto ? Good ! La Quadrature te fourni les outils : 2 gabarits pour envoyer aux institutions afin d'avoir ces infos. Et si tu te sens d'aider, forward tes infos à la Quadrature pour qu'ils puissent saisir l'étendu des données ( okak'on aurait pas tous les même critères de sélection ) Vazy c'est par ici :

Demande ton score ( mais t'as pas de médaille à la fin )

[satyam-mathematics]

1.गाॅस क्षेत्रकलन सूत्र (Gauss Quadrature Rule),गाॅस क्षेत्रकलन सूत्र (Gauss Quadrature Formulae):

गाॅस क्षेत्रकलन सूत्र (Gauss Quadrature Rule) के इस आर्टिकल में एकबिन्दु,दो बिन्दु,तीन बिन्दु,पंचम बिन्दु वाले गाॅस क्षेत्रकलन सूत्र का उपयोग करके समाकलन ज्ञात करने से सम्बन्धित सवाल��ं को हल करेंगे।

Read More:Gauss Quadrature Rule

[arte-e-homoerotismo]

Jovem Siciliano com Grade de Quadratura, Taormina | Barão Wilhelm von Gloeden | c. 1890

Sicilian Youth with Quadrature Grid, Taormina | Baron Wilhelm von Gloeden | c. 1890

[craft2eu]

Die Quadratur des Kreises: Hochheim vom 02. bis 16. 06. 2024

Eine Ausstellung mit aktuellen Werken von Giampaolo Babetto und Johannes Nagel. Die Aufgabe scheint recht übersichtlich: ein Kreis, ein Zirkel, ein Lineal, ein flächengleiches Quadrat. Die Formulierung des Problems ist noch einfach, doch der Versuch der Lösung wächst in Untiefen. Der Nachweis der Unmöglichkeit hat das Problem zum Synonym für unlösbare Wiedersprüche gemacht. Doch es liegt…

[bauerntanz]

EuGH lässt Massenüberwachung des Internets zu

#EuGH lässt Massenüberwachung des Internets zu und ändert seine Rechtsprechung

Der EuGH hat gerade den massenhaften und automatisierten Zugriff auf IP-Adressen genehmigt. Mit dem heutigen Urteil räumt das Gericht ein, dass es seine Rechtsprechung ändern wird, wenn seine Urteile nicht umgesetzt werden. Ein Gastkommentar auf Netzpolitik.org In seinem Urteil vom 30. April 2024 teilte der Gerichtshof der Europäischen Union (EuGH) seine Einschätzung der Rechtmäßigkeit des…

[lalalaugenbrot]

spannend!! 👀👀 aber meiner Meinung nach spricht doch nichts dafür, dass der Vaterschaftstest an Tag 4 stattfinden muss... wie kommst du denn darauf, dass FdG an einem Mittwoch beginnen muss? weil Taleb das gesagt hat? Diese dahin geworfene Aussage würde ich ehrlich gesagt eher niedriger einstufen als Leos Uhr... zumal ansonsten eigentlich ja alles hinkommen würde, insbesondere auch das mit dem Fußballspiel...

würde zum Abgleich nochmal ganz unauffällig auf meinen (nicht ganz so übersichtlich gestalteten) Zeitablaufsversuch hinweisen, insbesondere hierauf:

wie gesagt, für meine Theorie wäre es notwendig Talebs "gestern war Mittwoch" zu ignorieren bzw. als Insider oder was auch immer abzutun, aber ich finde es sprechen mehr Indizien (Jay, die Rückspielogik, Leos Uhr, die Tatsache, dass die Casinotruppe Zeit hat den ganzen Tag abzuhängen vielleicht auch) dafür, das FdG samstags beginnt

Weil ich echt zu viel Zeit habe und mich das schon seit einer Weile wurmt, hab ich mal die genauen Timelines von KdE und FdG zusammengebastelt, inklusive Uhrzeiten, wo wir sie kriegen (in Saarbrücken geht die Sonne wirklich spät unter...)

[maybefrench]

Comment l'algorithme de la CAF va tous nous nicker :)

Le Monde a travaillé sur cette question de l'algorithme de la CAF dont La Quadrature du Net publiait le code source ( et dont je voulais parlais )

L'article/site suivant résume l'affaire :

Il existe également 3 articles payants des Décodeurs ( si besoin, dites moi et je trouverai un moyen de partager )

L'opacité des algorithmes favorise les dérives au sein des établissements publics

Dans la vie de Juliette, mère isolée, précaire et cible de l'algorithme des CAF

Profilage et discriminations : enquête sur les dérives de l'algorithme des caisses d'allocations familiales

Du coup c'est spécifiquement sur la CAF parce qu'ils ont commencés et qu'ils font ça dégueulasse. On apprend au passage que oui, ils ont bien utilisé la nationalité comme critère mais comme ça été dénoncé pendant un audit en 2020 à l'Assemblée Nationale, il parait qu'ils ont arrêté ( *quinte de toux asphyxiante* MON OEIL *quinte de toux asphyxiante* )

Mais la conclusion est la suivante : si on dénonce pas, ça ne s'arrête pas. S'il n'y a pas de question, il n'y a pas de contrôle des outils. Que si on délègue tout aux outils, on fait de la merde.

Bref, je réitère :

Bonus si vous partagez vos infos avec La Quadrature. Ou partagez, parlez-en, faites un don �� La Quadrature.

Il faut que ça se sache.

PS : Quand ils parlent de contrôle, ils parlent souvent de contrôle physique. De mon expérience, il y a aussi les contrôles de situation. Et ça, y'a personne qui se déplace. Et tu sais pas pourquoi d'un coup t'en prend un. Perso, c'est dès que je fais la MOINDRE de modifications à mon dossier. Ca peut être un simple mail en mode "bonjour, je capte pas." et là tu as une réponse et le lendemain un "on a revu ta situation, tu nous DOIS DU FRIC"

Je jure, la CAF pour moi c'est Maître Folace des Tontons Flingueurs

[rommaru]

Fenro Week Day 1 : Nerd flirting @fenroweek2024

Translation: With very little words, Gyro can say a lot, Fenton has no trouble understanding him.

Full nerdy explanation under the cut for anyone who is curious.

Baud: unit of measurement of symbol rate. This is, how many symbols are transmitted per second in a communication system.

Symbol: a word composed by a given number of bits. Remember bytes? Those are symbols of 8 bits, however symbols can have any lenght.

128-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation: a type of digital modulation process capable to use 128 wave shapes to represent data. 128-QAM uses symbols of 7 bits length.

Bit Error Rate: number of wrong bits in a symbol reconstructed by the receiver device.

A lot of feelings (1000 Bauds) within a few words but with deep meanings (128-QAM) and because Fenton knows Gyro so well there's no place for misunderstandings (BER close to 0). Get it? Please tell me you do 😭

[asssiya]

ASTROLOGY OBSERVATION 4.

· The absence of quadratures in the natal chart makes a person weaker. The difficulties that appear in life should motivate them to solve them, but people without quadratures seem to blame everyone around them and life itself for such a difficult fate. Although, most likely, it's some little thing. A person needs not to fall into the role of a victim and begin to discipline himself to solve his problems!

· The undeveloped stellium 4 houses such dependence on nostalgia. My dad has it, and he talks about his past all the time, as if he was stuck in that time and can't get out of this state and live in the present.

· The moon in the 6th house, their love for cats is boundless.

· Cancer in the 8th house and stellium in the sign gives a diagnosed mental illness associated with the stellium zodiac sign. For example, I knew one guy with Cancer in the 8 house and stellium Aries, and he was diagnosed with anger problems. The guy's friend had Cancer 8 house and stellium of Pisces and Aquarius, he was diagnosed with schizophrenia.

· Venus in the 11th house a social butterfly can meet a partner via the Internet or from friends to lovers. They can definitely become famous through social media in some way.

· The ascendant in Libra, the same guy/girl that most often everyone falls in love with.

· The Stellium in Pisces are so cute and shy, and they also adore music and may have artistic abilities. But the unprocessed clearly hide something like sacrifice, a manipulator, a liar and a person dependent on bad habits.

· Earth signs in the 5th house do not go on dates, considering it a waste of time. They are very focused on their career growth.

· If you have an ascendant in Leo in a composite card with someone, it means that you are both connected with some kind of creative activity. For example, I used to go to art school, and most of the people I communicated to had this position.

· I had Mars and Venus in Leo in 1 house in a composite map with a guy from high school. And literally everyone knew that we had feelings for each other, both romantic and physical. In a way, we were the main "couple" of our class. As well we were touching and teasing each other all the time.

· With my friends, I have always had positions in Aquarius, in a composite map. Especially the Moon!

· I have the Moon in Sagittarius and all the guys with Mars in the same the sign all the time were kind of pestering me, trying to find an excuse to touch me. This also applies to the opposite Mars in Gemini, but they teased and flirted with me more...

That is all.❣

[andmaybegayer]

had the same very interesting experience twice today which was seeing a good explanation of a thing I mostly understand already that is aimed at an absolute beginner, bringing them up to a high level of conceptual understanding in one long continuous delivery. Those two things are 1) this Matt Parker video on Quadrature Amplitude Modulation and 2) This Bartosz Ciechanowski article on how aerofoils work.

These both start off at a very fundamental level - "Do you know how a sine wave looks", and "You know about wind" - and build up to a fairly good explanation of the thing they want to talk about.

Ciechanowski's article is astoundingly detailed, beginning with ideas of what air movement means, detouring through the fundamental origins of air pressure and a very convincing series of arguments about how air pressure is realized as a force applied to an object, into fluid flow and viscosity, and finally using all this to describe the function of an aerofoil.

Parker's video is not as thorough, but still starts off from a more conventional time domain representation of waves before switching fairly smoothly into the more engineering-y representation as a point in complex space (albeit without calling it that) to show how QAM encodings are distributed for efficiency.

Now my question is basically, how good are these. I will always fill in the bits I know when I read these, so I might miss holes. I feel like Parker is definitely the one that could lose you more easily, it's a short video so it maybe doesn't cleanly explain how a sine wave maps onto an XY plot, although the visualizations probably help you get it even if you don't get it at first. Ciechanowski's article is very, very detailed, full of interactive simulations and widgets to help you get everything, building from almost nothing, but I will be honest I skipped a lot of it when it was clear I got the point, I've already got the link between brownian motion and pressure down, you don't have to reiterate.

If you aren't familiar with either of these I'd be interested to hear your opinion.

[sebastienblommephotography]

La quadrature de l'ascalaphe 📷 @sebastien_blomme 🇫🇷 Lorsque j'ai vu cet ascalaphe ainsi posé, j'ai tout de suite pensé à un format carré. Je trouve l'image qui en résulte plus équilibrée même si je suis loin d'être aussi doué pour ce format que l'ami @lakoni07 ! 🇬🇧 When I saw this ascalaph perché like this, I immediately thought of a square format. I find the resulting image more balanced even though I'm not nearly as good at this format as my friend @lakoni07! https://ift.tt/L5bdoFW

[talonabraxas]

"Every resurrected master has solar bodies, but does not have lunar bodies. The resurrected masters have powers over fire, air, water and the earth. Resurrected masters can transmute physical lead into physical gold. The resurrected masters govern life and death. They can conserve the physical body for millions of years. They know the quadrature of the circle and the perpetual movement. They have the universal medicine, and speak the very pure language of the divine tongue which, like a golden river, flows delightfully through the thick, sunny jungle." - Samael Aun Weor, The Esoteric Treatise of Hermetic Astrology

Crown of Creation Talon Abraxas

[kuliak]

The aforementioned slower, textural ends.

Inspired by the show I went to last night, I wanted to make some more honest, "proper" ambient drone. Here it is, drenched with fx and pulsating. There are three sound sources/chains here: the more rhythmic part is Three Body through Waver, Erbe-Verb, and Magneto; the hammered-piano-like sound is Piston Honda through Rainmaker and Bib; the lo-fi toy-piano-like sound is Spectravox through Ikarie as a twin peak filter and Data Bender.

Interesting sequencing on here: the first is enveloped by Just Friends, receiving a trigger/clock from Quadrax - I switch modes a couple of times to change that up. The longest envelope controls volume into the fx chain, and "friends" modulating various timbral qualities. The second is surprisingly just Marbles, but I figured an interesting way for a quadrature or Tides style modulation sequence by feeding an envelope into Vice Virga and using EoC to change where it's being sent - modulating rainmaker to pretty significant effect. The third is again the Planar/Bard Quartet "glissando" style patch, but I used AND logic with that trigger and a clock from Pam's (can you believe this is all clocked?) to keep it loosely in time, since sometimes it would fire awkwardly in earlier recordings.

Really happy with this, and proud of my resisting the temptation to strip away the beat from this and let it speak for itself.

[mariacallous]

A coalition of human rights groups have today launched legal action against the French government over its use of algorithms to detect miscalculated welfare payments, alleging they discriminate against disabled people and single mothers.

The algorithm, used since the 2010s, violates both European privacy rules and French anti-discrimination laws, argue the 15 groups involved in the case, including digital rights group La Quadrature du Net, Amnesty International, and Collectif Changer de Cap, a French group that campaigns against inequality.

“This is the first time that a public algorithm has been the subject of a legal challenge in France,” says Valérie Pras of Collectif Changer de Cap, adding she wants these types of algorithms to be banned. “Other social organizations in France use scoring algorithms to target the poor. If we succeed in getting [this] algorithm banned, the same will apply to the others.”

The French welfare agency, the CNAF, analyzes the personal data of more than 30 million people—those claiming government support as well as the people they live with and their family members, according to the litigation, filed to France’s top administrative court on October 15.

Using their personal information, the algorithm gives each person a score between 0 and 1, based on how likely it estimates they are to be receiving payments they are not entitled to—either as fraud or by mistake.

France is one of many countries using algorithms to search for error or fraud in its welfare system. Last year, WIRED’s three-part investigation with Lighthouse Reports into fraud-detection algorithms in European welfare systems focused on their use in the Netherlands, Denmark and Serbia.

People with higher risk scores can then be subject to what welfare recipients across the bloc have described as stressful and intrusive investigations, which can also involve their welfare payments being suspended.

“The processing, implemented by the CNAF, constitutes massive surveillance and a disproportionate attack on the right to privacy,” the legal documents on the French algorithm read. “The effects of this algorithmic processing particularly affects the most precarious people.”

The CNAF has not publicly shared the source code of the model it is currently using to detect welfare payments made in error. But based on analysis of older versions of the algorithm, suspected to be in use until 2020, La Quadrature du Net claims the model discriminates against marginalized groups by scoring people who have disabilities, for example, as higher risk than others.

“People receiving a social allowance reserved for people with disabilities [the Allocation Adulte Handicapé, or AAH] are directly targeted by a variable in the algorithm,” says Bastien Le Querrec, legal expert at La Quadrature du Net. “The risk score for people receiving AAH and who are working is increased.”

Because it also scores single-parent families higher than two-parent families, the groups argue it indirectly discriminates against single mothers, who are statistically more likely to be sole-care givers. “In the criteria for the 2014 version of the algorithm, the score for beneficiaries who have been divorced for less than 18 months is higher,” says Le Querrec.

Changer de Cap says it has been approached by both single mothers and disabled people looking for help, after being subject to investigation.

The CNAF agency, which is in charge of distributing financial aid including housing, disability, and child benefits, did not immediately respond to a request for comment or to WIRED's question about whether the algorithm currently in use had significantly changed since the 2014 version.

Just like in France, human rights groups in other European countries argue they subject the lowest-income members of society to intense surveillance—often with profound consequences.

When tens of thousands of people in the Netherlands—many of them from the country’s Ghanaian community—were falsely accused of defrauding the child benefits system, they weren’t just ordered to repay the money the algorithm said they allegedly stole. Many of them claim they were also left with spiraling debt and destroyed credit ratings.

The problem isn’t the way the algorithm was designed, but their use in the welfare system, says Soizic Pénicaud, a lecturer in AI policy at Sciences Po Paris, who previously worked for the French government on transparency of public sector algorithms. “Using algorithms in the context of social policy comes with way more risks than it comes with benefits,” she says. “I haven't seen any example in Europe or in the world in which these systems have been used with positive results.”

The case has ramifications beyond France. Welfare algorithms are expected to be an early test of how the EU’s new AI rules will be enforced once they take effect in February 2025. From then, “social scoring”—the use of AI systems to evaluate people’s behavior and then subject some of them to detrimental treatment—will be banned across the bloc.

“Many of these welfare systems that do this fraud detection may, in my opinion, be social scoring in practice,” says Matthias Spielkamp, cofounder of the nonprofit Algorithm Watch. Yet public sector representatives are likely to disagree with that definition—with arguments about how to define these systems likely to end up in court. “I think this is a very hard question,” says Spielkamp.