#plating process

[reachem07]

PCB Manufacturing Process: All You Need to Know

Creating a printed circuit board (PCB) is a systematic process that begins with meticulous design and material selection, crucial for ensuring functionality and durability. The initial steps involve the application of a thin layer of copper over a substrate material, typically a fiberglass substrate reinforced with epoxy resin and glass fiber, which provides the necessary rigidity and electrical insulation. This copper layer is then patterned to form conductive areas that will eventually carry electrical signals.

The layout design process utilizes advanced CAD software for precision, ensuring that the conductive paths and component placement areas are accurately defined. Once the design is finalized, it's transferred onto the PCB using photo reactive chemicals and UV exposure, a process known as outer layer imaging. This method allows for the precise alignment of layers and the creation of intricate circuit patterns.

After the design transfer, the excess copper is removed through a careful etching process, leaving behind the copper traces that form the circuitry. The PCB then undergoes a laminating process to apply a solder mask, a protective layer that covers the entire board while exposing the areas where components will be soldered. This solder mask application is crucial for preventing short circuits and ensuring the longevity of the PCB.

Following the application of the solder mask, a silkscreen printing process adds labels and markings to the PCB, aiding in component placement and board identification. The final step in the fabrication processes involves applying a surface finish, such as tin plating, to protect the exposed copper and ensure a reliable soldering surface. Other surface finishes like HASL (Hot Air Solder Leveling) or ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) are also used depending on the application requirements.

Throughout the PCB manufacturing process, precision is maintained through the use of technologies like CNC machines for accurate drilling of holes that will accommodate electronic components. Each part of the PCB fabrication process, from the initial design to the final surface finish, is critical to enhancing the PCB's electrical performance and longevity.

The final stages of assembly involve the placement of components onto the PCB, often by a contract manufacturer specializing in PCB assembly. This is followed by soldering, which can be done through various methods, to securely attach the components to the board.

Rigorous electrical tests are conducted to validate the PCB's performance, ensuring that it meets stringent quality standards before integration into electronic devices. These tests verify the integrity of the conductive paths, the correct orientation of components, and the overall functionality of the PCB.

This holistic approach underscores the importance of meticulous craftsmanship and thorough quality assurance in producing reliable PCBs that power our modern gadgets effectively. Each step, from the initial plating process to the final surface finishing, contributes to enhancing the PCB's electrical performance and longevity, making it a vital component in the electronics industry.

To read more please visit: 

Reachemical chemicals

reachemchemicals@gmail.com

16479857177

600 Matheson Blvd W Unit 5, Mississauga, Ontario ,ON L5R 4C1.

[ink-the-artist]

intaglio print based on this drawing

[kaasiand]

breaking bob

[hylianane]

Trying to remember how to draw the Deltagang (I never knew in the first place)

[onethousxndvoices]

took a break from my main projects to do some visdev practice. have a line up for a layton fic that'll probably never see the light of day

[applecidersstuff]

My not so close to cannon hc is that, after getting into college, Clarrise gets a car somewhere.

Some people assume she got it from her mom, or that Chris stole it for her, but the truth is she actually got it from Ares. Which means you can pretty much imagine what kind of car that is. It’s also unconfirmed but some of her brothers insist the car is magical in some way. Leo tried many time to convince her to let him see what the cars system is like on the inside, but was turned down in a not very nice way.

Very quickly she becomes the ‘carpool friend’ and also the one Chiron tasked with picking up demigods who go to school in NY at the end of semester and get them to CBH, there’s very few of them so she doesn’t mind, +some of them are mortified at the thought of getting in Clarrises car because of how fast she drives. The fist time Percy and Annabeth asked her for a ride, Percy said he was glad Ares didn’t offer to drive them to Vegas that one time, and Annabeth asked if the car really is magical, because she was convinced they should’ve crashed like ten times.

The only two people who will get in the car willingly and without any reason are Chris and Drew. Clarrise picks Drew up from school on regular basis whenever she comes to NY, and they just drive around. One time Sadie saw Clarrise picking Drew up and was convinced Drew was being kidnapped, the only reason she didn’t call the police was because she was stopped by Annabeth who introduced her to Clarrise.

[spotaus]

I am begging on my knees that Tumblr posts this. It has no audio but I cannot send it from my computer to phone and I want it archived lmao-

[anglerflsh]

updating the Transparency mindmap for how to shorthand what's going on in there

[ferretrade]

i am SO tantalizingly close to having my permanent residency approved and finished!!!! today i got the email that doesn't actually say you're approved but means you're approved (why is it all so confusing? who knows) now i wait for ??? amount of time to get the second email and then the official approval PLEASE LET IT HAPPEN BY EARLY MAY PLEASE PLEASE

[yeonban]

Guy who was told to "apply for several internship places because the majority of students aren't accepted at the first option and we have no time to wait long before you have to do your internship report" and who, therefore, applied for two internship places; now has to do TWO internships at once because both places accepted him and he wants one of them for the CV perks & the other for the potential job he might gain from it postgrad. On top of attending his current classes and doing the tons of dissertation research + writing required for him to finish that damn paper in time for its defense

[okaydrawboy]

more work(s) in prog - another knight of course

[tea-time-terrier]

Literally my only problem with linocut is that I mostly make art to just like...chill. Linocut you are making art to then duplicate? I don't have strict enough criteria for this. I am making one piece and it's a plate of lino. Printing that piece is something that does not involve me and maybe doesn't need to even happen.

[dokutah-exe]

honestly i thought surtr was like some sort of hidden arknights boss or an ex-villain or something but she's just a passive mall goth lounging around and eating all my damn ice cream

[phantomplates]

Miller on tin,

Photographed by me

2024

[cmaidaartworkblog]

Had a little breakthrough with my Blender mapmaking process, and got so excited I made a video about it. I hope some of you will find this useful as a resource but ultimately I'm just overjoyed at how easy I've just made things for myself.

Enjoy!

[melanodis]

ooooo you want to think about virgil and mel pining so bad. oooooo you want to think about virgil inadvertently doing affectionate things with zero recognition and keeps wondering why mel has become so fidgety and smiley. human courting rituals are stupid