#photomultiplier | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

itsgerges · 3 months

Text

Best Greetings

Can The Sun Rays Creation Process Depend On Saturn Motion? (Revised)

Abstract

Paper Discovery

The paper question tells (The Sun Is Not Doing Nuclear Fusion To Produce Its Rays) instead The Sun Rays is produced by another method and this method depends on Saturn motion- for that - We should ask (Is There Another Method Can Produce A Light Beam In The Solar System?)

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsnHYPERLINK "https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83"&HYPERLINK "https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83"cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604HYPERLINK "https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83"&HYPERLINK "https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/this-is-extraordinary-gravity-can-create-light-all-on-its-own/ar-AA19YL5d?ocid=hpmsn&cvid=620db4352aa943e2b454919a7b724604&ei=83"ei=83

This new article tells us, The Gravitational Waves Can Move By Speed Of Light And Can Produce A Light Beam.

I Claim The Sun Rays Is Produced By This Method And Not By The Sun Nuclear Fusion,

Before all discussions we need to ask-

Let's suppose the gravitational waves move by speed of light (C = 300000 km/s), how can this motion produce a light beam? We know the light beam is produced from the value (C^2)

Means- the article tells- the gravitational waves move by speed of light (C)and some geometrical effect is found and caused to square this speed and produced the value (C^2) from which the light beam is produced.

For better understanding

The gravitational waves move by speed of light and the waves are reflected

The energy reflection causes to square the velocities (and many other effects), by that the reflection of energy caused to square the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and produced the value (C^2) from which the light beam is produced- the reflection of energy is discussed in details later-

Shortly this new article tells us 2 new information which are

(1st Information)

The light beam source of energy is the gravitational waves motions energy- it's NOT the sun mass by the nuclear fusion process–but- the gravitational wave motions energy this is very interesting news because the solar system is so rich in the motion energy

(2nd Information)

The light beam production method is the relative motion-

Means- the gravitational waves move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) relative to some point- and this speed is squared by the reflection of energy and that produced the value (C^2) and the light beam is produced by this value (C^2)

Means the light beam production method is the relative motion based on the different velocity = speed of light = 300000 km/s = C

Means- the light beam production does NOT use the nuclear fusion process

Shortly- The article tells us –the source of energy is changed and the light production method is changed- we have a very different picture for the light beam production process- let's summarize these ideas in following

First/ the gravitational waves move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s)

Second/ the gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system and the reflection of energy caused to square the velocities and by that the speed of light produces the value (C^2) and from this value (C^2) the light beam is produced.

Third/ the light source of energy is the gravitational waves motions energies

Fourth / the light production method is the relative motion with different velocity = speed of light= 300000 km/s= C, Also we need to know that, the gravitational waves move by speed of light relative to The Sun Point Of Space-

Means- The Sun Rays Is Produced By The Gravitational Waves Motions Energies

Fifth/ The surprised fact is that- the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies and NOT by the sun gravitational field.

Here I provide a theory against the article statement- because- the article supposes the gravitational waves are produced by The Sun Gravitational Field- but in fact the gravitational waves are produced by The Planets Motions Energies.

Shortly

The Sun Rays Is Created By The Planets Motions Energies Total

The sun is a phenomenon created by the planets motions energies

The sun is a product from the planets motions energies and of course No planet moves by the sun gravity (Newton is wrong)

The sun rays creation is a model for all stars rays creation- means- all stars rays are created by their planets motions energies and no star uses the nuclear fusion process to produce its rays.

My theory explanation is divided into two branches

1st Branch/ The analysis of the relative motion by which the sun rays is created

The Sun Gravitational Field Theory Refutation

The Gravitational Waves Source And Its Motion Trajectory Through The Solar System

The Gravitational Waves Relative Motion

The Gravitational Waves Relative Motion (More Analysis)

The Analysis Of The Sun Position And Creation Data

The Sun Nuclear Fusion Theory Is Wrong

The Theory Main Question

The Sun Is Created After All Planets Creation And Motion (The Proof)

Can The Motion Be Transported Among The Planets?

2nd Branch/The analysis of the source of energy from which the sun rays is created

The Planets Motions Use Different Rates Of Time

The Planets Rates Of Time Analysis

1st Branch/ The analysis of the relative motion by which the sun rays is created

(I) The Sun Gravitational Field Theory Refutation

FIRST/ the sun rotation period is (25.4 days at equator) and (34.4 days at pole),

This data proves the sun has NO massive gravity and it has NO even gravity equal any planet gravity otherwise it would rotate in one period of time as any planet.

SECOND/ No planet moves by the sun gravity (Newton Is Wrong)- the planet moves by its creation force- means- the planet creation and motion should be done by the same one force because if two forces have effects on the same one planet, this planet would be Broken- means- the planet is Not broken by its motion because the planet moves by the force caused its creation and NOT by The Sun Gravity Force

THIRD/ The Mass gravity Force Can Not Cause any Motion- (Newton is wrong)– let's explain that -Mass gravity is a bond between 2 masses – the Earth and the moon are bond together by the mass gravity- They are similar to a lorry and its trailer– If a force causes the Earth to move the moon will move with the Earth– this is the effect of the mass gravity but the mass gravity can't cause any motion! Why? Suppose the moon moves by the Earth mass gravity- The moon motion produces energy (1/2mv^2)- and– From what source this motion energy will be provided? From the mass itself! means- If the Earth causes the moon to move that necessitates to decrease the Earth and moon masses by the motion energy– It's wrong definition for the mass gravity - the mass gravity creates a bond between two masses- and if a force causes the Earth to move the moon will move with the Earth, in this case, this force will provide the motion energy for the Earth and the moon motions– but No Motion can be done by the mass gravity.

(II) The Gravitational Waves Source And Its Motion Trajectory Through The Solar System

(a)

Planet motion produces energy (1/2 mv^2), this energy is Not stored in the planet body otherwise its temperature would be raised, and no planet temperature is raised by its motion- logically- this energy is stored in the space in waves form-

Means- the space is similar to the sea of water and the planet motion is similar to a fish swimming in the sea, the fish motion creates waves and similar to that the planet motion energy creates waves in the space- these waves are similar to the water waves they move freely far from its source and can be reflected- this analysis forces us to attribute mechanical features for the space

Notice

The fish swims in the sea by hitting some water by its body- and this action creates waves in the sea we conclude these waves moves by a velocity equal the fish velocity because of the reaction force- similar to that- the planet motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by velocity equal the planet velocity- for example- Mercury (47.4 km/s) motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by a velocity = 47.4 km/s

(b)

These waves are the gravitational waves, the scientists discovered them but called wrongly (Gravitational Waves) supposing they are created by the sun gravitational field-BUT- the fact is that- these waves are produced by the planets motions energies which is proved by the previous analysis- shortly- no place to store the planet motion energy except in the space in waves form- means the planet has a necessity to store its motion energy in the space-

(c)

Now we know, Planet motion creates waves in the space and these waves move by this planet velocity and also these waves are the gravitational waves but can we follow these waves trajectory in the solar system? let's try

The planets revolve around the sun in the same one direction, for that, the planets motions energies waves move into the same one direction toward Pluto orbit (perpendicular on the revolution direction)-

In Pluto orbit these waves are unified together in one unified wave- means- this one unified wave contains all planets motions energies- and this one unified wave moves by the planets velocities total

Then

This one unified wave is reflected from Pluto orbit to Venus (the inner planets)- and then – Venus caused to reflect this one unified wave toward Mars

Finally, the one unified wave is stored in the Earth moon orbit while this one unified wave contains the planets motions energies total- and this one unified wave moves by a velocity = the planets velocities total,

(Notice, the energy is reflected three times in the solar system, from Pluto, from Saturn and from Venus)

Means

While The Planets Revolve Around The Sun, There's One unified wave moves in the space and revolves around The Sun through the Earth moon orbit and this wave moves by a velocity = the planets velocities total and this unified wave contains the planets motions energies total (And This Unified Wave Is The Gravitational Wave)

What's this unified wave velocity?

The 9 planets velocities total = 176 km/s BUT

We have to add the moon velocity (29.8 km/s) because the wave revolves through the Earth moon orbit – means the wave velocity is 205.8 km/s

(The moon velocity = the Erath velocity = 29.8 km/s because they revolve around the sun together)

SHORTLY

While The Planets Revolve Around The Sun, There's One unified wave moves in the space and revolves around The Sun through the Earth moon orbit and this wave moves by a velocity = 205.8 km/s -This wave contains the planets motions energies total (and this wave is the gravitational wave)

(III) The Gravitational Waves Relative Motion

Here we have a relative motion – let's remember it

There's one wave moves by a velocity 205.8 km/s and revolves around the sun through the moon orbit- and in this wave the planets motions energies total is stored

This wave motion creates a relative motion relative to The Sun Point of space

This relative motion has 2 players, the unified wave velocity (205.8 km/s) and the sun point of space velocity (1 km/s)

We need to pay attention to this relative motion, because this relative motion will enable the unified wave to move by speed of light (300000 km/s)

For that we should analyze this relative motion in details

First

The sun point of space velocity is (1 km/s) – this velocity is NOT changed- we should notice that- No any other point of space in the solar system moves by this velocity- the sun point of space is the only point moves by this velocity (1 km/s) and later I explain how this velocity is defined-

Second

Here we have a relative motion between the sun point of space (1 km/s) and the unified wave (205.8 km/s)-

We understand that the planets motions energies total is stored in this unified wave- for that this wave velocity is increased with the time– Why?

Because the planets motions energies are stored in the space-means- the stored energy in the space is increased day after day- and this stored energy is stored in this one unified wave which revolves around the sun through the moon orbit- Now we have to ask (How Can This One Unified Wave Energy Be Increased?) by increasing its velocity through the time-

Let's try to see this picture more clearly

Suppose the planets move for one second- the planets motions energies will be stored in the one unified wave its velocity 205.8 km/s relative to the sun point (1 km/s)

Means this motion for one second contains the planets motions energies total for One second- but the planets motions energies are stored for long periods of time and not for one second- the increased energy causes to increase the one unified wave velocity

Means- the velocity 205.8 km/s is the minimum velocity of the unified wave, and the unified wave velocity is increased day after day by the increasing of the stored motion energy in the space- and the unified wave velocity is increased till reach to the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) because the energy reflection will square this speed and produce the Value (C^2) by which the light beam will be produced and by that the stored energy will be produced in light beam form (the sun rays) and that will cause to decrease the unified wave velocity to 205.8 km/s one more time.

Shortly

The machine main idea is, the unified wave velocity is increasing till be equal the speed of light while the sun point of space velocity (1 km/s) is NOT changed and by that the different velocity be = 300000 km/s = speed of light

Third

The energy is reflected in the solar system and the energy reflection causes to square the velocities- means- the different velocity = speed of light =C = 300000 km/s will be squared and produce (C^2) and the light beam will be produced from this value (C^2)

Notice

The one unified wave is reflected three times in the solar system, by Pluto, by Saturn and by Venus- the reflection of energy caused to square the velocities, reflect the rates of time and the players in addition to many other effects are defined and proved in the paper in point no. (18)

(IV) The Gravitational Waves Relative Motion (More Analysis)

Here I need to put a defined summary for the relative motion

(A)

The relative motion depend on a different velocity= 300000 km/s= speed of light= C

If this different velocity is decreased with any fraction no light beam can be produced- means- we need the different velocity to be 300000 km/s Accurately

(B)

The relative motion has 2 players- the unified wave motion its velocity (205.8 km/s), and this velocity is the minimum velocity because the unified wave velocity is increased by the stored motion energy day after day till the unified wave velocity be equal the speed of light = 300000 km/s = C

We know that- No motion can be done by any velocity higher than speed of light (300000 km/s = C) as Einstein stated BUT

My research proves there's a light beam moves by speed 1.16 million km per second

If this huge speed is found why the limit speed is 300000 km/s? Because

The solar system (Planets and space) are created from one energy and this energy is provided by one light beam and this light beam moves by speed 1.16 million km per second- BUT

The light beam (1.16 million km per second) created the space firstly before any planet creation- means- the light created the planets orbits at first before any planet creation and the light energy is consumed in the space creation process and the rest part of energy after the space creation is an energy moves by the known speed of light (300000 km/s = C)- the solar planets are created and moving based on this energy (light beam) which moves by the known speed of light (C=300000 km/s)

Means- the original speed 1.16 million km per second is used for the space creation and the solar system motions (planets and waves) depend on the known speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and by that No motion can be found by a speed greater than the known speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and that means – the unified wave velocity can be only equal the known speed of light = C=300000 km/s and can NOT be greater than it at any case.

Shortly

The unified wave velocity is increased from (205.8 km/s) day after day till be equal the speed of light = C= 300000 km/s and Can Not be greater than this velocity Never

(C)

The sun point of space velocity is 1 km/s

We understand clearly, the sun point of space velocity can cause to fail the solar system motion and can cause to destroy the solar system completely- why?

Because if the sun point of space is faster than 1 km/s the different velocity will be less than speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and the reflection of energy will NOT produce the Value (C^2) and NO light beam can be produced as a result

Means- the planets motions energies total will be still stored in the space without using and that will cause the serious risk for the solar system

Shortly- the sun rays is the very good outlet for the stored motion energy

For that we study the sun point of space in details in following

(V) The Analysis Of The Sun Position And Creation Data

How Can The Sun Point Of Space Velocity Be 1 km/s?

(1)

The planets revolve around a point in space (any point in space)- the revolution motion creates two velocities on both sides, the velocities are equal in value and opposite in direction- the total be Zero- and that means- the revolution motion creates a stationary point in the revolution center- the stationary point velocity is Zero approximately (1 km/s the sun point of space)

By that the relative motion is created between the unified wave 205.8 km/s and the stationary point (the sun point of space 1 km/s) while the sun point velocity is fixed and don't change (1 km/s) the unified wave velocity is increased from 205.8 km/s to reach the speed of light = C= 300000 km/s – that creates the different velocity = speed of light = 300000 km/s = C

(2)

The previous idea presents the fact as simple as possible but we need to see the fact details to help our understanding- for that I need to refer to the solar system creation theory in following

The solar planets and space is created from one energy and this energy is provided by one light beam and this light beam moves by speed 1.16 million km per second

The light created the planets orbits before any planet creation- and the light energy is consumed in the space creation process and the rest energy is an energy moves by the known speed of light (C=300000 km/s) – we can consider that- the rest energy is one light beam moves by the known speed of light (C=300000 km/s)

We can imagine the rest energy is similar to one wave moves in the sea – means- the original energy (1.16 million km/s) is consumed to create the sea and the rest energy is one wave moves through this sea-

Now the solar system is one energy (wave) moves by speed of light (C=300000 km/s)

The solar system needed to create a stationary point

Means- the solar system needed to create a stationary point moves by Zero velocity

We understand that (It's impossible to create a stationary point)

Because

The solar system is similar to the sea of water and every thing is moving by the wave motion and no point can be stationary on the sea water- by that – no any stationary point can be found in the solar system- simply- impossible to find it

For that- the solar system created this stationary point

The wave (300000 km/s) revolves around a point in space (any point in space) and the revolution creates two velocities which are equal in value and opposite in direction by that the total is Zero- means –the revolution motion creates a stationary point in its center- we understand that- this stationary point will be the sun point of space- by that the sun point of space is created as a stationary point its velocity (Zero approximately = 1 km/s)

But this picture is still incomplete

Because the speed of light 300000 km/s is a huge velocity and to create a stationary point, that means this speed is decreased to Zero approximately (=1km/s)

The decreasing of the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) to Zero is a difficult process

For that- the wave (300000 km/s) created small waves (which are the planets) because the planets velocities will be used as steps to decrease the speed of light (300000km/s) to Zero to enable the stationary point to be created-

This is a very important information because it tells the solar system has a compete system of velocities starts from the sun point of space its velocity (zero approximately = 1 km/s) and finishes with the motion by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) where the planets velocities are steps between the two velocities (two terminals)

Notice

The planets are geometrical points created on the same one light beam (one energy)- means- the light beam is similar to the sea of water and the planets are similar to ships sail on this sea of water- means- the planets motions depend on this light beam motion and by that the motion by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) is the motor by which the planets move- means- all planets motions depend on the light beam motion by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and all planets velocities are created based on rates of time because of this fact- I explain that in details in the second branch of this discussion-

I want to say

The speed of light (C=300000km/s) is NOT strange from the planets motions, because all planets motions depend on the light motion and that means if the unified wave (the gravitational wave) moves by speed of light relative to the sun point that doesn't disprove the fact tells (the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies) because all planets motions depend on the light beam motion and speed

Notice

The next data proves the previous idea

(205.8)^2 x 7.1 = 300000 km – let's explain this data

The distance 300000 km is passed by light motion in one second

7.1 is Lorentz length contraction effect for speed (0.99C)- means- if a particle its length 7.1 meters moves by speed (99% of speed of light =297000 km/s) the particle length will be contracted and be one meter only.

The previous data is produced by light motion without any planet motion effect

The velocities rates create rates of time- for example- Mercury velocity =1.6 Earth velocity- based on the velocities rate the rate of time be created – the rate of time tells (one second of Mercury clock = 1.6 seconds of the Earth clock) by that the two planets move equal distances in the same period of time.

We know the velocity of the Sun Point Of Space Is 1 km/s

We understand clearly that, the geometrical design interested strongly to make the velocity of the sun point 1 km/s and never be faster- and we know the reason behind- because- the unified wave velocity is increased till be equal the speed of light (300000 km/s) and because the sun point velocity is 1 km/s that makes the different velocity to be equal speed of light = 300000 km/s and based on this different velocity the light beam is created- means- there's massive necessity to make the sun point of space to be = 1 km/s

Now let's ask- where the sun point velocity is 1 km/s and the velocities rates create rates of time – how can we define the unified wave velocity? Let's look again to our equation (205.8)^2 x 7.1 = 300000 km

Let's change this equation as following (V)^2 x 7.1 = 300000 km

Can we define the velocity (V) in this equation?

Of course V= 205.8 km/s

I want to say, the unified wave velocity (205.8 km/s) is defined as a function in the speed of light based on 2 considerations which are (the sun point velocity is 1 km/s and the length contraction effect for 0.99C velocity is 7.1)

I try to prove, the planets velocities are defined as functions in the speed of light, that proves the planets motions depend on the light motion.

Notice–the unified wave (205.8 km/s) moves in 1461 seconds a distance= 300000 km- but we know 1461 days is the Earth cycle (365+365+365+366 =1461 days) that proves the planets depends on the light motion to define their velocities and orbital periods- I try to show that the solar system motion depends on the light beam motion-

(3)

The previous explanation aimed to explain that, the sun rays creation depends on the different velocity between the unified wave velocity (205.8 km/s) and the sun point of space velocity (1 km/s) and the unified wave velocity is increased daily by the stored motion energy while the sun point of space velocity is NOT changed- by that- the unified wave velocity is increased till reach to the speed of light = C= 300000 km/s

(how can the unified wave velocity 205.8 km/s reach the speed of light 300000 km/s? this question will be answered later)

Here we see the great necessity to make the sun point of space velocity (1 km/s)- because – if this velocity is changed that will prevent to produce the light beam- means- the light beam production process depends on the velocity of the sun point of space- because the unified wave velocity can NOT be greater than the speed of light (C=300000 km/s)- that makes the velocity of the sun point of space the cornerstone in the light beam production process-

I try to show the geometrical importance to make the velocity of the sun point of space only 1 km/s and never be faster-

The designer paid so great attention and incredible interest for this point- because of its massive importance and effect- for that- the designer made the sun position in the sky and the sun creation data to depend on exact mathematical calculations and strict geometrical rules to guarantee its velocity Never to be faster than 1 km/s

Let's see some examples to explain that

Example No.(1)

We See The Sun Disc= The Moon Disc which enable the total solar eclipse to be occurred because

The sun diameter / the moon diameter= Earth orbital distance/ earth moon distance

Why does the diameters rate equal = the distances rate?

Example No.(2)

4900 mkm (Jupiter orbital circumference) = 1.39 mkm (the sun diameter) x 3475 km =12104 km x 406000 km = 12756 km x 384000 km = 6792 km x 2 x 363000 km

3475 km = the moon diameter 12104 km = Venus diameter

12756 km = The Earth diameter 6792 km = Mars diameter

363000 km, 384000 km and 406000 km are the distances between the Earth and its moon in perigee, orbital distance and apogee radiuses respectively

The previous examples show that the sun creation data and its position in the sky are defined based on accurate mathematical calculations- but why? and what's the useful result of these data proportionalities

The designer aimed to make the velocity of the sun point of space to be 1 km/s and He interested to guarantee that the velocity can Never be faster than 1 km/s – because any faster velocity than 1 km/s will destroy the chance of the light beam production- BUT

What's the relationship between the sun creation data and its velocity?

This question is answered by my planet diameter equation- the equation proves that the planet diameter is defined based on this planet velocity- for example- Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s that shows the change in velocity can change the diameter (my planet diameter equation proves that strongly) and based on that, the sun diameter is effected by the sun velocity and vice versa for that reason these proportionalities are necessary to guarantee the sun point of space to be (1 km/s) and never be faster.

(4)

The sun rotation period is (25.4 days at equator) and the sun circumference is 4.37 million km- this motion velocity is 2 km/s

Means if the sun moves by 2 km/s, the sun will rotate around its axis one complete rotation in 25.4 days

This data should be a proof for my theory- because the sun real data shows its velocity is 2 km/s

Please Note-

The solar system geometrical design supposes the velocity of the sun is 1 km/s but the real velocity is 2 km/s – it is NOT small change in Value – it's a great change in the whole machine- but the machine still can produce a light beam spite of that

And to produce the light beam- the machine has to depend on (2 seconds) in place of (1 second) and for that the planets have to move a distance = (180000 million km) in place of the required distance (90000 million km)

because the required rate is (90000 million km per second) which is (C^2)

I want to say- the change in the velocity of the sun point of space from (1 km/s) to (2 km/s) this change forces the solar planets to move (double distance) to create the light beam- I prove that in details later

The respectful reader can imagine what effects can be occurred if the velocity of the sun point of space be for example (15 km/s)- such velocity will kill all chances to create any light beam in the solar system.

(VI) The Sun Nuclear Fusion Theory Is Wrong

There are three major critics against this theory

1st Critic (The Light Production Method)

The previous analysis shows how the sun position in the sky and its creation data is defined by accurate mathematical calculations and geometrical rules- these features are required to make the velocity of the sun point of space 1 km/s and to prevent it to be faster at any case-because- the faster velocity will decrease the different velocity to be less that speed of light which prevents the light beam to be produced

That explains the importance of the proportionalities between the sun data and the planets data as we have studied before- BUT- these proportionalities have no effect in the sun nuclear fusion theory because the energy is produced from the sun mass by the nuclear fusion process - that shows the theory is so wrong because it didn't see the proportionalities between the sun data and the planets data which is helper features in the light beam production process-

2nd Critic (The Light Source Of Energy)

While the planets revolve around the sun continuously and their motions produce energies- that makes the solar system very rich in the motion energy- means there's massive motion energy stored in the space- BUT – the sun nuclear fusion theory left this source of energy without using and invented some very strange source of energy (the sun mass)- while it's understandable that the motion energy can't be stored in the space forever without using-

Means- the sun rays is the very good outlet for the solar planets motions energies which is stored in the space- logically- the sun rays should be produced by the planets motions energies- otherwise the stored motion energy will cause continuous risk for the solar system-

This is the same case with all stars- all stars rays are produced by their planets motions energies and No star uses the nuclear fusion process- this conclusion can be concluded simply by the analysis of the planet motion energy-

3rd Critic (The Sun Corona Temperature)

The sun corona temperature is 5 million Kelvin but the sun surface is 5800 Kelvin

This fact puzzles the scientists (because they believe the sun rays is created by the sun nuclear fusion theory)

Simply the energy is NOT produced by the sun nuclear fusion- But the energy is produced by the planets motions energies- the energy is not produced from the sun body BUT the energy come from out into the sun body- The Sun Corona Temperature proves that the sun is NOT doing nuclear fusion to produce its rays – instead the planets motions energies total is used as the source of energy to produce the sun rays- that's why the energy out of the sun is greater than the energy inside the sun

(VII) The Theory Main Question

The main question asks

(How Can The Unified Wave Velocity 205.8 km/s be increased till equal the speed of light 300000 km/s?)

(i)

The unified wave moves by velocity (205.8 km/s) relative to the sun point of space (1 km/s)-

The planets motions use different rates of time where

(one second of the sun clock = 1461 seconds of the unified wave clock)

Means- while the unified wave (205.8 km/s) moves a period 1461 seconds and passes a distance = 300000 km but the sun clock sees the consumed period as (one second) and by that the sun sees a distance = 300000 km is passed in a period one second and that creates different velocity = 300000 km/s = speed of light = C

(ii)

The increasing of the different velocity depends on the rates of time and Does Not use the usual acceleration process (as electron acceleration in lab)- means- the final speed (300000 km/s = speed of light) is achieved directly without graduation-

I want to say

The unified wave velocity (205.8 km/s) is NOT increased gradually as to be (300 – 500- 800 – 2000 km/s) this graduation is NOT used to increase the unified wave velocity- because- the energy is added based on rates of time- let's use example-

The solar system rate of time tells (one hour of Mercury = 24 hours of any planet) this rate means- while one hour passes in Mercury clock, the planets clocks pass one solar day and the planets motions distances total equal 17.75 million km in this period of time – BUT- Saturn in the same period of time moves a distance = 20.1 million km

That shows Saturn moves alone in the same period of time a distance greater than the planets motions distances total- because- the rate of time between Mercury and Saturn tells (one hour of Mercury clock = 24 solar days of Saturn clock)

This data tells us

When all planets motions energies are added one another that will cause the unified wave to move by a velocity = (50% of speed of light = 150000 km/s) BUT when Saturn motion energy is added this speed be = (speed of light =C= 300000 km/s)

Means- the unified wave velocity is increased from (205.8 km/s) to speed of light (300000 km/s= C) by the rates of time using and without any graduation-

(ii)

Please note the graduation absence is very useful for the solar system motion-because- the velocity increasing by graduation can perform high velocities as (99% of speed of light) and these velocities are very harmful for the solar system motion and cause great negative effects on the solar system design- because – the high velocity (0.99C) can NOT produce a light beam but it causes to create the relativistic effects (length contraction- time dilation and mass increasing- all by Lorentz transformation)

Specially the length contraction effect causes very negative effect on the solar system because it creates difficulties to gather the planets motions energies in one energy (one unified wave)- the contraction causes to scatter the energy and prevent to collect them in one energy (one unified wave)

Means- the designer used the rates of time method to increase the unified wave velocity from 205.8 km/sec to the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and doesn't use the usual acceleration process to protect the solar system from the negative effects of the relativistic effects which are produced by high velocity motion

Notice (1)

Please note the relativistic effects are produced in the solar system spite the designer effort because of the negative effect of Neptune motion on the solar system as I explain in point no. (3) of this paper.

Notice (2)

The planets motions depend on the rates of time since their creation- this fact is studied in details in the second branch of this study

(VIII) The Sun Is Created After All Planets Creation And Motion (The Proof)

Let's remember the planet velocity analysis

DATA

We remember the rule (v1v2=322) (my 5th equation)– let's prove it

322 = 47.4 km/s (Mercury velocities) x 6.8 km/s (Uranus velocities)

322 = 35 km/s (Venus velocity) x 4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) x 2

322 = 29.8 km/s (the Earth velocity) x 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocities) x 2

322 = 24.1 km/s (Mars velocity) x 13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity)

322 = (17.9 km/s)^2 (Ceres velocity) (Max error 2%)

DISCUSSION

the data tells

The Planets Velocities Are Defined Based On One Design

The Planets Are Added In Pairs In The Solar Group- Means- No Single Planet Can Be Added To The Solar Group

Now we have to ask Can We Add A New Planet To The Solar Group?

Let's answer in following - I add a new planet after Pluto

I suppose the new planet orbital distance to be =7000 million km

This new planet velocity will be 4.3 km/s (We define it by kepler law)

Now we need the complementary planet because of the rule (v1v2 =322)

(322 =4.3 x 75), means, the complementary planet velocity is 75 km/s

Where can we find a planet its velocity 75 km/s? this planet must be in the distance between the Sun and Mercury –this planet orbital distance should be 23.2 million km

(57.9/23.2) = (75/47.4)^2 where

(57.9 million km = Mercury Orbital Distance) and (47.4 km/s) =Mercury velocity

Shortly – It's hard to add any planet in the distance between Mercury and the Sun- means- we can't add any new planet to the solar group because of the Sun existence.

But- How Could The Found Planets Be Added To The Solar System?

The Sun is created AFTER all planets creation and motion- means – after all planets be in their orbits the Sun is created- In details-The planets were created in their orbits and revolve around a point of space, before the sun creation, and later the sun is created in this point of space around which the planets revolve

Because - technically- the Sun existence prevents to add any new planet to the solar system and also the Sun existence prevents any planet to change its orbit

(For example- Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus and Mars had migrated to its current orbit before the Sun creation And Mars couldn't return to its original orbit because of the Sun existence ) (Mars Migration is proved in the paper)

Notice –

This analysis is another proof for my theory tells (The Sun Rays Is Created By The Planets Motions Energies Total And Not By The Sun Nuclear Fusion Process)

Shortly

The sun rays can NOT be created without the solar planets because the sun rays are created from the planets motions energies total – logically the planets are found and moving before the sun creation-

(xi) Can The Motion Be Transported Among The Planets?

(a)

Planet motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move freely far from their source and can be reflected- these waves are the gravitational waves – and by these waves the energy is transported among the planets

(b)

The planet matter (is NOT rigid body) but it's similar to a whirlpool (or vortex)

found on the sea page- means- the space and matter both are created from the same one energy and move with this energy motion- but- the matter created a distinguish form for itself and moves by different velocity relative to the space motion- this is similar to a whirlpool found on the sea page- the whirlpool is distinguish in picture from the sea waves and its motion velocity is different from the sea waves velocity-

based on this description

The energy is transported among the planets and the energy transportation causes to transport the motion among the planets- for that the motion is transported among the planets- let's use example for explanation

Suppose we have 9 whirlpools on the sea page, where these 9 whirlpools are found at distances from each other- can the motion be transported among them? Of course Yes

With the sea water the motion is transported- and if we put some color (red or blue) on the sea water far from these whirlpools this color may pass through all these whirlpools which proves the motion and water are transported among them

Shortly -the energy and motion is transported among the planets

Why do we need to discuss the motion transportation among the planets?

Because, the energy is transported among the planets and each planet motion helps the energy storing process by increasing its rate of time- by that- the unified wave rate of time is growing during the time till the stored energy be sufficient to produce the light beam- here the transportation of motion is important because the planets rates of time creates effects on the transported energy to increase its store capacity and causes to grow its rate of time.

(c)

Let's member how the planet be created to see how the motion can be transported among the planets

The solar planets and space is created from one energy and this energy is provided by one light beam and this light beam moves by speed 1.16 million km per second

Now the solar system is one energy (wave) moves by speed of light (C=300000 km/s)

The solar system needed to create a stationary point

Means- the solar system needed to create a stationary point moves by Zero velocity

We understand that (It's impossible to create a stationary point)

Because

For that- the solar system created this stationary point

Because the speed of light 300000 km/s is a huge velocity and to create a stationary point, that means this speed is decreased to Zero approximately (=1km/s)

The decreasing of the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) to Zero is a difficult process

Means

Here we see clearly the planets creation process define the planets are geometrical points on the same light beam (or whirlpools on the same sea page), and that enable the motion to be transported among the planets-

2nd Branch/ The Analysis Of The Source Of Energy From Which The Sun Rays Is Created

(x) The planets motions use different rates of time

The Solar Planets Aim To Store The Planets Motions Energies Total In One Unified Wave Revolves Around The Sun Through The Earth Moon Orbit

(1)

It's very important to understand the main concept behind the solar system motion- the solar planets motions aim to store their motions energies in one unified wave (or one energy)- by that- the planets motions design prevents to scatter the motions energies and works to collect all of them in one energy (one unified wave)

The solar system is an accurate system works basically to collect all motions energies into one energy- the system protects the energy from scattering as a creature protects itself from bleeding-

We know this one energy- which is the one unified wave revolves around the sun through the moon orbit and moves by the velocity 205.8 km/s where this velocity is increased with the time till reach to the speed of light (300000 km/s)

Shortly

The solar planets motions aim to store all motions energies in this one unified wave and by these motions energies the wave velocity is increased

The behind concept is a simple one- because – the solar system needs to collect the motions energy in one unified wave energy to store all energy in one point and by that the energy can be sufficient to produce the light beam which is the useful result of the planets motions- the energy scattering will destroy the ability to produce a light beam

BUT

How can the planets motions energies be stored into one unified wave? and how can the energy be accumulated in that one energy (one unified wave)?

The planets motions use different rates of time – each planet motion uses different rate of time and this rates of time causes to increase the energy store capacity which enable the energy to be sufficient to produce a light beam

Example No.(1) Mercury velocity = 1.6 Earth velocity- this velocities rate creates a rate of time which is (one second of Mercury clock = 1.6 seconds of the Earth clock) by that the two planets move equal distances in equal periods of time

The example explains the rate of time creation and how to use- but- this is a very simple form of the rate of time using

Shortly

The solar system cornerstone is the rates of time using- because – the solar system Major job is to store the motion energy- the idea behind is very simple- because

The planet motion energy is so small and the sun rays production needs massive energy- for that- the energy storing is the method to produce the light beam by using the planets motions energies- there's NO any other Method except (The Energy Storing And Accumulation During The Time)

And the rate of time is the method by which the motion energy is stored- let's use another example

Example No.(2) Suppose One Second Of The Sun Clock = 1461 Seconds Of The Unified Wave Clock-

(The Unified Wave Clock = The Earth Clock = Jupiter Clock = Any Planet Clock Except Mercury and Saturn)

Now we supposed 1 s Of The Sun Clock = 1461 s Of The Unified Wave Clock-

Based on that, the unified wave (205.8 km/s) will move during 1461 seconds a distance = 300000 km but the sun clock sees only (one second)- by that – the different velocity will be 300000 km/s

Means- while the unified wave moves by the velocity 205.8 km/s and every one sees this velocity is a fact- after -1461 seconds- this velocity will be 300000 km/s based on the sun clock–means- only the people live in the sun see this velocity 300000 km/s – but the people live in the unified wave will always found the velocity is 205.8 km/s

means-the different velocity (for the sun) will be equal= speed of light = 300000 km/s

Briefly-the planets moves a distance in a period 1461 seconds but the sun use the energy in one second and that enable the light beam production process

Shortly- the rates of time using is the method to store the motion energy

(2)

We should notice that-

The planet data is used as rates of time- means- the planet velocity, rotation period, orbital period, orbital inclination, axial tilt, diameter and mass – all data is used as rates of time in one complete system- we should study that in details

I want to say

The planet data is one group works as rates of time to store the motion energy- this is similar to the energy on the Earth- we have different types of energy (wood- oil- gas- electricity- magnetism- nuclear- sun rays- food) different forms of the energy all of them have similar contents and can be used in place of one another but still they have their specific properties- similar to that- all planets data is used to store the energy and each data is used by different method –for example – the planet velocities rates create rates of time – as we have seen –

Mercury velocity = 1.6 the Earth velocity by that one second of Mercury clock = 1.6 seconds of the Earth clock -

But- the orbital inclination also is used as a rate of time- for example- Mercury orbital inclination is 7 degrees – it tells (one second of the Earth clock = 7 seconds of Mercury clock) because the orbital inclination is based on the Earth ecliptic- both data are used as rates of time but in different situations-

Notice

The previous examples show there are different rates of time between the same two planets- in fact there are many rates of time between any two planets- why and how?

The point is, the rate of time is growing- as we have seen- Mercury velocity =1.6 the Erath velocity that creates a rate of time (one second of Mercury clock = 1.6 seconds of the Earth clock)- this is a rate of time- but the used rate for the speed of light was (1=1461) as we have seen (one second of the sun clock = 1461 seconds of the wave clock)- that shows the rate of time is growing and the planets help each other to perform this rate of time

Here we can imagine the planets are similar to players in some football match and they sent the ball among themselves- here the ball is the unified wave energy (205.8 km/s), this wave is transported among the planets till reach to the moon orbit and each planet motion helps to increase this wave rate of time because this increasing will cause to increase the stored energy and increase the wave velocity

I want to say-

The rate of time is Not a property of the planet but its feature of motion and any motion in the solar system has a rate of time- and the solar planets motions aim to increase the unified wave rate of time till produce the required one (1=1461)

We should notice that- no any planet velocity is 1461 km/s and that means this rate is created by accumulation of small rates of time and that caused all planets to share in this process- Saturn still is the most important planet and causes the greatest effect- but all planets share by their motions and their motions cause to create the required rate (1=1461)

Please note- the rate (1=1461) is used to enable the unified wave to move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) But the sun rays is created based on the value (C^2) that means this value (C^2) caused to square the rate and makes it (1= 1461^2) which means (1=2134521) – based on this rate of time the sun rays is created

Notice

The rate of time depends on the velocities rate (v1/v2)

The energy reflected 3 times in the solar system and that caused to create the rate of time (v1/v2)^3– by this rate the planets orbital periods are defined

The planet orbital period equal one solar day of the sun clock and by that all planets orbital periods provide the same (real) period of time and all of them create rates of time among themselves

The planet diameter is a period of time – this fact is proved by my planet diameter equation and confirmed by Saturn data analysis (Point no. 3)

(3) The Rate Of Time Creation

The solar system (Planets and space) are created from one energy and this energy is provided by one light beam and this light beam moves by speed 1.16 million km per second- BUT

Also -the planets are geometrical points found on this light beam and move by its motion- by that- this light beam is similar to the sea of water and the planets are similar to ships sail over the sea- and the ships move by this sea waves motion-

Also the planets are similar to carriages in one train- but the train engine is the light motion by that the only motor under all motions in the solar system is the motion by speed of light 300000 km/s- means- all planets should move by speed of light because all motions are done depends on the light beam which moves by speed of light

Now We Have To Ask- How Can The Planets Move By These Low Velocities?

Because the planets motions use different rates of time- for example- one second of light clock = 6300 seconds of Mercury clock by that Mercury moves in one second (=6300s) a distance = light motion distance in one second-

Shortly- all planets velocities are defined based on rates of time-

Let's remember our example

Mercury velocity =1.6 the Earth velocity – that causes – one second of Mercury clock = 1.6 seconds of the Earth clock- why is this necessary? Because- Mercury and the Earth are carried on the same one light beam- the light moves one motion and passes one distance in one period of time- by that the two planets should move the same motion and pass the same distance in the same period of time- that's why it's necessary the two planets move equal distances in the same period of time.

(xi) The Planets Rates Of Time Analysis

(i)

The Rate Of Time Effect

The rate of time controls the moving energy rate-

For example (One Hour Of Mercury Clock = 24 Hours Of Pluto Clock)

What does that mean?

It means, Pluto motion energy (for 24 hours) can be used by Mercury in (one hour)

Here

The solar system is similar to a river of water and the planets are similar to places found on this river -each place properties are defined by the water motion effect- means- the solar system is one energy moves from a point to another-

The rate of time defines the amount of transported energy among these points-

Let's try to make this explanation more clear

The energy is transported among the planets and the amount of energy is defined by the rates of time- because- the energy transportation necessitates to transport the motion among the planets and the motion transportation caused to transport the rates of time among the planets-

Imagine we have a river of water and on these river there are 9 whirlpools (vortex) on the water pages- the river water pass through these 9 whirlpools and the moving water transport the motion among them-

The rate of time defines the amount of water (energy) which is transported from one whirlpool to another- that explains how the rate of time works

This idea will be explained and proved strongly in of this discussion

(ii)

The Solar Planets Basic Rates Of Time

Let's remember the basic rates of time

(one hour of Mercury clock = 24 hours of any planet clock) and

(one hour of Mercury clock = 576 hours of Saturn clock)

That causes

(one hour of any planet clock = 24 hours of Saturn clock)

This rate of time is defined by Mercury motion effect And

The major rate of time between the planet and light motion is

(one second of light clock = one solar day of the planet clock)

This rate is a complex one because there are 2 velocities of the light (as I proved)

The original velocity 1.16 million km per second and the known velocity 300000 km/s

Means

(one second of light 1.16 mkm/s = one solar day of the planet clock) and

(one second of light 300000 km/s = one solar day of the planet clock)

That causes the rate of time (1=24) to be so necessary to create the harmony between the planets and light motions- for that this rate (1=24) is used by Mercury motion

Notice

The rate of time is defined basically by the planets velocities as explained before – for example - Mercury velocity = 1.6 the Earth velocity- means – one hour of Mercury clock = 1.6 hours of the Earth clock

But the solar system energy is reflected three times in the solar system, and each reflection causes to square the velocity, by that, the rate of time (v1/v2) be growing to be (v1/v2)^3

That explains why the planets orbital periods rate = (their velocities rate)^3

Also all other planets data is worked as rates of time-

Means- the rate of time is created by the velocities rate but the rate of time can be increased by different methods and the energy reflection is one method only- means – all planets data are used as tools for the rate of time system

The Conclusion

The previous analysis shows that, the Sun Is Not Doing Nuclear fusion to produce its rays instead the planets motions energies total is used to produce the sun rays- but we still need to ask

Why is Saturn the most important player behind?

The main rates of time are

(one hour of Mercury clock = 24 hours of any planet clock = 576 h of Saturn clock)

That causes

(one hour of any planet clock = 24 h of Saturn clock)

This rate of time is changed slightly by the velocities effect to produce the nest rate

205.8 km/s = 9.7 km/s (Saturn velocity) x 21.4 second

205.8 km/s = the planets velocities total

The data tells

(one hour of any planet clock = 21.4 h of Saturn clock)

And Saturn created its rotation period (10.7 h) based on this rate (21.4 = 2 x 10.7 h)

The data shows- Saturn has the smallest rate of time in the solar system and by that Saturn moves more than any other planet- in fact

In the same period - Saturn moves a distance = all planets motions distances total

Shortly

The sun rays is created by the planets motions energies BUT Saturn motion alone provides (50%) of all this energy – that makes Saturn the most important planet in the solar system -and because of that- Saturn motion provides the greatest rate of time in the solar system and based on this rate of time the sun rays is created

Shortly

The sun rays creation depends directly on Saturn motion because Saturn provides (50%) of all provided energy for the sun rays and because Saturn motion creates the rate of time based on which the energy can be stored to produce the sun rays

Saturn is the motor behind the sun rays creation process –

I analyze Saturn data in details in point no. (3) of the paper because Saturn data proves that – The Planets Motions Causes To Create The Sun Rays Clearly

The Paper hypotheses

The paper provides 4 hypotheses with their explanations and proves – let's provide them in following

Hypothesis No. (1)

The space is created from one energy and this energy is provided by a light beam moves by a speed 1.16 million km per second – the speed is registered in the created space proves the speed is a fact.

Hypothesis No. (2)

The Gravitational Waves Are Produced By The Planets Motions Energies And Not By The Sun Gravitational Field– Moreover- The Sun Does NOT Produce A Gravitational Field And It Has No Massive Gravity-

Hypothesis No. (3)

Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus and Pluto was The Mercury Moon (Pluto size was equal Mercury size) But these two planets had migrated from their original orbits as a result for a collision- the planets migration caused a risk for the solar system geometrical design- Uranus and Jupiter the Two planets worked to repair the solar system design– that caused Jupiter orbit to be the main orbit in the solar system design- Jupiter orbit proves the speed 1.16 million km per second is a fact.

Hypothesis No. (4)

The Sun Is a phenomenon created by the planets motions

The sun rays is created from the gravitational waves motions energies and the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies-

Based on that

The Sun Is A Phenomenon Created By The Planets Motions

And

The Sun Is NOT Doing Nuclear Fusion To Produce Its Rays- instead- The Planets Motions Energies Total Is Used To Produce The Sun Rays

The Sun Is Created After All Planets Creation And Motion –

Means

The Planets Are Created And Moving In Their Orbits Around A Point Of Space Before The Sun Creation- And The Sun Is Created On This Point Of Space around which the planets revolve –

And

No Planet moves by The Sun Gravity (Newton is Wrong) –

And

The Sun Doesn't Produce A Gravitational Field (Einstein Is Wrong)

And

The Sun Is A Phenomenon Created By The Planets Motions– means-The Sun creation and death depends on a cycle – means – after this current sun death another sun will be created for the solar system.

The Hypotheses Explanation

The abstract provides the hypotheses explanation and the paper provides their proves and discussions- In following the hypotheses will be explained in details

NOTICE –

The creatures and all matters on the Earth are created from the sun light energy and the sun light speed is 300000 km/s, because of that, the creature realization is limited to the speed 300000 km/s and can't realize the original speed (1.16 million km per second) that means the speed 300000 km/s is a limit for the creatures realization and not for the universe design.

Hypothesis No. (1)

The space is created from an energy and this energy is provided by a light beam moves by a speed 1.16 million km per second – the speed is registered in the created space which proves the speed is a fact

The Hypothesis Explanation

I- The Space Is Created By One Light Beam Energy- And This Light Beam Speed Is 1.16 million km per second

I-1 Preface (the main idea)

I-2 The Space Creation Method (the distances are one network)

I-3 Light Coherence between light (1.16 million km /s) and light (300000 km/s)

I-4 The Matter definition (based on my planet diameter equation)

I-5 The Planets Creation

I-6 Can The Time Machine Be A Fact?

The Hypothesis Proves

I-7 The Proves Logic Analysis

I-8 Planet Velocity Is A Function In A Speed = (1.16 million km /s)

I-9 Planets Orbits Are Defined By A Motion Its Speed = (1.16 million km /s)

I-10 Jupiter distances are defined by a motion by a speed = (1.16 million km /s)

I-11 The Solar System Geometrical Design Proves The Hypothesis

I-12 The Solar System Distances Analysis Prove The Hypothesis

I-13 Deep Analysis For The Planets Orbits

1-14 Light defines each planet orbital period

I-15 Can Planet Diameter Be Used As A Period Of Time

I-16 Mercury Orbit Analysis

I-17 The Planets Data Is Created By The Light Motion Directly

I-18 Light Defines Each Planet Rotation Period

I-1 Preface (The Main Idea)

The solar system (planets and distances) is created from one energy and this energy is provided by one light beam and this light beam moves by speed (1.16 million km/s)

The space is created before the planets creation-

Let's write the whole story in following

The light beam (1.16 million km per second) started its motion from Mercury orbit moves toward Pluto orbit– by that– we consider Mercury orbit is the origin point-

Now- we should notice- No planet is created yet- the motion from Mercury orbit to Pluto orbit defines the motion direction- and No planet is created before this motion end nor during this motion- the planets will be created after this motion is finished means when the light 1.16 million km per second reaches to Pluto (orbit)- after this event – the planets will be created –as I will explain later

Notice

The light (1.16 million km per second) creates the distances by its motion- means- the light moves from Mercury point to Venus point– the distance from Mercury to Venus was not found and is created only by the light motion through it for first time- means – before the light motion this distance was NOT found- It's found after the light moves through this distance for first time-

This is similar to the blood motion through the arteries, the blood creates these arteries and the blood moves through these arteries, but the blood created these arteries with its first motion and that needed energy- but – after the arteries creation the blood move through them without any energy is required- means- the first motion is the most important one because by it the arteries are created

Shortly- The space is created from the energy of this light beam its speed 1.16 million km per second – NOW- after the Space creation- the light beam energy is decreased because of the energy consumption in the space creation process- and the rest energy is one light beam its speed is (C=300000 km/s =the light known speed) – But - We understand that- it's the same one light beam- its speed was 1.16 million km /s before the space creation- and the light created the space and that caused to consume the light energy and that caused to decrease the light speed to be 300000 km/s

Shortly- the light beam started its motion from Mercury (orbit) with speed 1.16 million km /s and reaches to Pluto (orbit) with a speed 300000 km/s because of the energy consumption in the space creation process

Let's give example to explain this idea

Imagine we create A Sea Of Water- we use energy to create this sea of water- now we have some energy and we use this energy to create this sea of water- BUT- our energy is NOT spent completely But there's a small part still rest with us – this small part of energy is used to create one wave moves through this sea and this wave speed is 300000 km/s (I suppose the space is similar to the sea of water)

Now – the rest energy is found in one light beam its speed 300000 km/s and this light beam is found NOW in Pluto Orbit – and this light beam will be reflected from Pluto orbit toward the inner planets– means- the rest energy will move in the reflected direction to the original light motion direction.

This idea will be explained in details in the next point- shortly

The light beam (300000 km/s) will be reflected from Pluto toward the inner planets

AND the light 300000 km/s will meet the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) in the origin point (in fact – beside the origin point) and there's a coherence of light is done between the light beam (300000 km/s) and the light beam (1.16 million km per second) – this coherence of light is proved strongly- we have to ask (how can that be possible while the light beam 1.16 million km /s is consumed and the new light beam 300000 km/s is the rest energy? how this light beam (300000 km/s) can meet the original one (1.16 million km per second)? in points no. (I-3) and no.(I-6) I answer this question.

Notice (1) I suppose the rest energy is a light beam its speed is (C=300000 km/s) but this idea is for simplicity- the rest energy can be in any wave form its speed (C=300000 km/s) – no necessity to be in visible light beam form

It's simply energy moves by the known speed of light (C=300000 km/s)

Notice (2)

All Planets Orbits Are Defined Before Any Planet Creation-

The light used the distance from the sun to Pluto as one area and create one geometrical design for this area before any planet creation

Notice (3)

The planets are created from the rest energy its speed (300000 km/s) – means- the space is created by the light 1.16 million km per second and the energy is consumed in the space creation and the rest energy is one light beam its speed 300000 km/s (or one wave moves by the known speed of light C=300000 km/s) – the solar planets are created from this one wave its speed 300000 km/s and that means all planets orbit are created and defined before any planet creation

Notice (4)

The Sun Is Created After All Planets Creations And Motions

The sun is a phenomenon created by the planets motions energies total

The sun doesn't produce a gravitational field and doesn't have massive gravity

Logically – No planet moves by the sun gravity

(The Planet Moves With The Energy From Which The Planet Is Created – Newton is wrong- later we discuss the proves)

Notice (5)

The child (fetus) inside his mother is created by the blood motion- the blood motion creates arteries for this child and through these arteries the blood moves also but the arteries themselves are created by this same blood motion- Similar to that- the distances are created by the light motion energy and the light moves through these distances also but originally these distances themselves are created by the light motion energy- means the distances creation is done with the first time of the light motion through them - that required energy- but after the distances are created no more energy is required- the light (or planet) can pass simply through these distances

I-2 The Space Creation Method (the distances are one network)

Data

778.6 = 1.16 x 671

721 = 1.16 x 621

629 = 1.16 x 543

543 = 1.16 x 468

5906 = 1.16 x 5127

These numbers are distances in (million km)

778.6, 721, 671, 629, 551 are Jupiter distances to the sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars respectively- 5906 and 5127 Pluto distances to the sun and Jupiter respectively

468 = 936 /2 where (940 million km = the Earth orbital circumference)

Discussion

(1)

The previous data tells us how the light beam motion creates the distances-

Simply the light uses a distance as (a period of time) and travels through this period another distance- that can be understood clearly from Jupiter distances- let's look deeply as possible

The light beam (1.16 million km per second) uses the period 629 seconds to pass a new distance = 729 million km (Mercury Jupiter distance is 721 million km error 1%) – where 629 million km = Jupiter Earth distance

Also

The light beam (1.16 million km per second) uses the period 671 seconds to pas a new distance =778.6 million km (Jupiter orbital distance)

where 671 million km = Jupiter Venus distance

by this method the light creates the distances based on each other- and that makes all distances to be created depends on one another and that makes all distances in the solar system to be One Network where all distances are created based on the same One Geometrical Design

(2)

The data shows the creation method- and we understand that- the distance 551 million km (Jupiter Mars Distance) is created firstly and the light (1.16 mkm/s) used this distance as a period of time (551 sec) and the light travels during this period a distance =(639 million km where 629 million km is Jupiter Earth distance error 1.5%) and then the light uses the new distance (629 mkm) as a period of time (629 sec) and the light travels during this period a distance = (729 million km – where 721 million km = Mercury Jupiter distance – error 1%)

The data shows the method clearly and we understand the light original motion started from Mercury orbit to Pluto orbit because the distances are created based on one another in that direction of motion as explained clearly

(3)

New data NO. (1)

2723 sec x 2 x 300000 km/s = 1622 million km – where

2723 million km = Uranus Earth Distance

1622 million km = Uranus Neptune Distance

The data shows- the light beam its speed (C=300000 km/s) is in proportionality also with the created distances but this proportionally is found in Reflected Direction

Logically, The light can NOT move from Uranus to Neptune and after that the light returns to move from Uranus to the Earth- it's simply reflected direction

The distances are NOT created by the motion of this light beam (300000 km/s) – but the distances are created by the motion of the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) but the proportionality between the distances with the light (300000 km/s) is found because there's a proportionality between the original one (1.16 million km per second) and this light beam (300000 km/s) – AND

Because the light (300000 km/s) moves in the reflected direction of the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) that causes the proportionality between the distances and the light (300000 km/s) be in a reflected form

New data NO. (2)

2094 sec x 300000 km/s = 629 million km

2094 million km = Uranus Jupiter distance

629 million km = Earth Jupiter distance

The light (300000 km/s) moves in reflected direction- for that- the distance 2094 million km is used as a period of time to pass a new distance (629 mkm)

The data proves the idea clearly

Notice (1)

The proportionality between the light (1.16 million km/s) and the light (300000km/s) will be discussed in point no. (I-3)

Notice (2)

In Point (**) I prove the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- and I prove that – the planets motions energies move toward Pluto and this energy is reflected from Pluto toward Venus- this fact is proved by powerful data and proves- for that – I don't explain in details the light motion trajectory from Pluto toward the inner planets because this motion trajectory is studied in details in the hypothesis No. (2) of this discussion- understandable that- the planets motions energy trajectory is the same trajectory the light moves through it – means this trajectory is studied in details and powerful proves in point no. (**)

Notice (3)

Jupiter Distances Analysis shows that Jupiter orbit is the central orbit for the light (1.16 million km per second) based on which all planets orbits are defined.

But – this is not the first creation case –

The light (1.16 million km per second) created the planets orbits based on each other starting from Mercury orbit moves toward Pluto orbit – this is the fist creation case – and this fact is proved strongly in point no. (I-9*)

BUT

Mars had migrated from its original orbit (Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus) and Pluto had migrated also (Pluto Was The Mercury Moon revolves around Mercury and Pluto size was equal Mercury size)

The planets migration caused a serious risk for the solar system geometrical design- Uranus was the first planet tried to repair the solar system geometrical design and to save it- by that

Uranus created a vertical effect on Jupiter orbit to fix Jupiter in its orbit and prevent it to migrate with the migrant planets- and based on Jupiter orbit the other planets orbits are modified – that supported the solar system original design and saved it which causes to protect the geometrical design from the destruction.

As a result

That causes Jupiter orbit to be the most important orbit in the solar system- the paper third hypothesis explains the planets migration and Jupiter orbit analysis is done with the solar system design analysis (I-11*)

I-3 Light Coherence between light (1.16 million km /s) and light (300000 km/s)

(1)

The Coherence Of Light

The previous explanation told us that we have 2 light beams-

The original light beam its speed (1.16 million km per second) and it started its motion from Mercury orbit to Pluto orbit (where Mercury orbit is the light motion origin point) – and this light beam created all distances in the solar system and lost its energy in the space creation process and the rest energy is one light beam its speed is (C=300000 km/s)

The other light beam is the rest energy- its speed is (C=300000 km/s) and it moves in a reflected direction from Pluto toward Venus and Mercury-

Now – we have a coherence of light between these two light beams- the coherence is proved by powerful proves BUT firstly we have to ask (how can this coherence be occurred)? Because the original light (1.16 million km/s) is consumed and its energy is used already and the rest energy is this light its speed is (300000 km/s) - HOW can the light (1.16 million km/s) meet the light (300000 km/s)??

Imagine we have (116 dollars) and we spent all money except (30 dollars)- how can this (30 dollars) meet the original money (116 dollars)??

Let's write the answer

Suppose the light beam (300000 km/s) moves in the reflected direction (in the space) and also (in the time) – that can enable the light (300000 km/s) to meet the original one (1.16 million km/s) in the past and the coherence will be done there in the past- and we see the coherence results and effects on the solar system -

Means – the light (300000 km/s) moves into the past and found the original light (1.16 million km/s) in the past

Notice No. (1)

The original light beam (1.16 million km/s) can NOT move toward the future to meet the light (300000 km/s) because in the future the original light beam (1.16 million km/s) is NOT found –by that – the coherence can't be occurred in the future - But – the light (300000 km/s) can move into the past because this light beam (300000 km/s) was found in the past because it's a part of the original light beam (1.16 million km/s)

Notice no. (2)

I prove the coherence is done by powerful proves- that tells- this idea is a fact–means- there's a strong proof tells (in fact the light beam 300000 km/s moved into the past) and if we can use this feature practically we can get photos from the past events and by that we can have photos from the catastrophe which killed the dinosaurs and know much better about what had happened really in that time - This can be a real machine of time – the light motion into the past is a strong method to perform this invention.

Notice no. (3)

Why Can NOT We Move Into The Past As We Move Into The Future?

This question is answered in point no. (**)

(2)

The Light Coherence Proves

First Proof

The planets order is typical to the interference of Young –

In the double slits experiment, Young Interference is consisted of bright fringes and dark fringes - If we consider planet diameter is equivalent to bright fringe – we will see that- the planets order is typically to Young interference because

Jupiter (the greatest fringe) is in the middle and the fringes width is decreased gradually on both sides – typically to the planets order

Notice / I have proved that (Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus) if we restore Mars to its original orbit the order will be typical to the Young Interference

(I prove this fact in point no. **)

Second Proof

The planets velocities are defined based on the speed (1.16 million km per second) and the planets velocities analysis shows the speed (300000 km/s) is the planets motions limit- means- the planets velocities are defined based on both velocities (1.16 million km per second) and (300000 km/s) I prove this fact in point No. (**)

Third Proof

The light coherence defines the solar day period (24 hours) which is the solar system design cornerstone

(1.16 /0.3) x 2π = 24.3

By this equation the space and time are created- the equation tells–the space is created in curves (2π) and the time is created in units each unit is (24 hours)

Please note – the solar system geometrical design depends on the light motion in a solar day (24 hours = 86400 seconds)

The light (1.16 million km per second) moves in a solar day (86400 seconds) a distance = 100733 million km (= the planets orbital circumferences total)

Fourth Proof

The planets data prove there's a speed (1.16 million km per second) found in the solar system but the sun light beam moves by speed (300000 km/s) that tells the two speeds are facts and found in the solar system and the coherence between them is a logical result

The hypothesis proves discuss many powerful proves for this fact-

Notice- the coherence of light is a very important fact because it tells the light (300000 km/s) moved into the past and by that gives us a proof for the motion on the time axis- for that – many powerful proves support this fact.

I-4 The Matter definition (Based On My Planet Diameter Equation)

(1)

Let's remember my planet diameter equation

Planet Diameter Equation (v1/v2)= (s/r)= I

v = Planet Velocity

r = Planet Diameter

s= Planet Rotation Periods Number In Its Orbital Period

I= Planet Orbital Inclination (example, 1.8 degrees be produced as a rate 1.8)

v2, s, r and I are belonged to one planet and v1 is belonged to another planet

The planet (v1) is defined by test the minimum error

Earth Equation uses Neptune velocity

Mars Equation uses Pluto velocity

Jupiter Equation uses the Earth moon velocity

Saturn Equation uses Mars velocity

Uranus Equation uses Neptune velocity (As Earth)

Neptune Equation uses Saturn velocity

Pluto Equation uses the Earth moon velocity (As Jupiter)

(The Equation works from The Earth To Pluto) (the discussion explains the reason)

Example

Neptune Equation (89143 /49528) = 9.7/ 5.4 =1.8

89143 = Neptune rotation periods number in Neptune orbital period

49528 km = Neptune diameter

9.7 km/s = Saturn velocity

5.4 km/s = Neptune velocity

59800 days = Neptune orbital period (and Neptune rotation period =16.1 hours)

1.8 degrees = Neptune Orbital Inclination

(the equation is proved and discussed in details in point no. **)

(2)

Can We Define The Matter Nature Based On My Planet Diameter Equation?

The equation tells, the matter is created based on its motion! means Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s!!

That tells the motion with velocity 5.4 km/s is defined before Neptune diameter is created! Can we understand such definition for the matter nature? let's try

(A)

The Matter Nature

The space and matter are created from the same original energy and they move with this original energy motion- BUT the matter has a distinguish picture and different velocity from the space picture and velocity (notice- The Gravitational Waves Prove That The Space Has A Motion)

If we suppose the space is similar to the sea of water, the matter be similar to a whirlpool or a vortex found on the sea page- means- the matter is a geometrical design has a distinguish picture from the space- as the whirlpool, it's created from the sea water but it has a distinguish picture from the sea waves picture

Means

The whirlpool is carried by the waves motion- and- the matter is carried by its original energy and moves with it- No Mass gravity is required for the matter motion- means- the matter is MOVABLE by nature.

Also

The whirlpool dimensions are defined by the water motion - for example- we have a whirlpool its diameter is (2 meters)- this diameter is defined by the sea water motion features (velocity, pressure and other motion features) by that- the water motion analysis explains how the whirlpool dimensions are created

Also- the whirlpool is created but the creation requirements are needed every day- means- even if this whirlpool is found since years it can be changed immediately if the water motion features are changed- means- the whirlpool creation process is NOT a historical one.

Also- the matter is similar to a creature muscle, the muscle is found based on the blood motion and without this motion the muscle can be changed or removed.

Shortly

The Original Energy Was Found In Motion By Itself (As Moving Light Beam)

From This Moving Energy The Planet Matter Is Created

The Created matter dimensions are defined by the features of this original energy motion (means the planet creation data is defined by the energy motion features)

After the planet creation- The Planet Moves With This Original Energy – means- the created planet moves a motion depending on the motion of this original energy because the planet moves with this original energy motion- and – the planet moves by this original energy motion (No mass gravity is required to cause the matter motion)

The planet creation data is in full harmony with its motion features- this fact is produced logically because the planet data is defined by the original energy motion features.

This explanation tells (Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s)

Example For Explanation

We agreed that the space is similar to the sea of water and the planet (matter) is similar to a whirlpool found on the sea page- this picture explains the idea clearly- because

We see the whirlpool doesn't move by the sea water waves velocity but by another velocity and that shows a distinguish in form and motion between the whirlpool (the planet) and the sea waves (the space)- BUT- the whirlpool dimensions are defined based on the sea water motion features- and if the motion features are changed the whirlpool dimensions will be changed also- also the whirlpool moves by the sea water motion even with a different velocity relative to the sea waves velocity but the whirlpool motion still is caused by the sea water motion- based on this picture we can say (because the water motion velocity is 80 km/h that causes this whirlpool diameter to be 2 meters "for example') – this is perfectly our sentence – let's remember it

(because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s that causes Neptune diameter to be 49528 km)

This idea is proved by my planet diameter equation (my fourth equation) (point No.**)

(B)

Now The velocity is a motion in (A Defined Direction)

Means– the matter is created because it depends on a motion in a defined direction- as we have seen- Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s but this velocity is a motion in defined direction- and that tells Neptune creation depends on a motion in the direction of the (x axis positive "+x ") (for example)

That tells, if this motion moves in (x axis negative "-x ") that will cause Neptune diameter to be changed or perished

Means- the matter creation needs a motion in A Defined Direction

Now let's ask our question

Why Can't The matter (creature) Moves Toward Its Past?

Because the matter depends on a motion in one defined direction- that causes the matter moves into (the future) always and can't move into (the past) let's discuss this question more deeply in point no (I-6)

Notice

No Planet Moves By The Sun Gravity (Newton is wrong) – logically because- the planet moves by its creation force- means- the planet creation and motion should be done by one force only (one energy only) because if two forces have effects on the same one planet- this planet will be broken- this fact is proved strongly with the gravitational waves source discussion (Point no.**)

(CONT)

Gerges Francis Tawdrous +201022532292

Peoples' Friendship university of Russia – Moscow

Curriculum Vitae https://www.academia.edu/s/b88b0ecb7c

E-mail [email protected], [email protected]

[email protected]

ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-7147

Facebook https://www.facebook.com/gergis.tawadrous

VK https://vk.com/id696655587

Tumblr https://www.tumblr.com/blog/itsgerges

Researcherid https://publons.com/researcher/3510834/gerges-tawadrous/

Google https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2Y4ZdTUAAAAJ&hl=en

Livejournal https://gerges2022.livejournal.com/profile

Pocket https://getpocket.com/@646g8dZ0p3aX5Ad1bsTr4d9THjA5p6a5b2fX99zd54g221E4bs76eBdtf6aJw5d0?src=navbar

PUBLICATIONS

box https://app.box.com/s/47fwd0gshir636xt0i3wpso8lvvl8vnv

Academia https://rudn.academia.edu/GergesTawadrous

List of publications http://vixra.org/author/gerges_francis_tawdrous

Slideshare https://www.slideshare.net/Gergesfrancis

#radiocarbon #radiocarbon dating #radioactive decay #science #archaeology #anthropology #article #research #resources #environment #human history #stratigraphy #relative dating #absolute dating #We'll look at some case studies maybe next week #more to come #spectrometry #photomultipliers #scientific discovery

6 notes · View notes

learnwithmearticles · 4 months

Text

Radiocarbon

A recent article touched on how radiocarbon dating works in relation to the impacts of cosmic rays and the secondary particles they create on Earth. Now, let’s focus on radiocarbon dating itself.

Types of Dating

Radiocarbon dating is an invaluable tool to the fields of archaeology and history. Within the process of dating artifacts, there is absolute dating and relative dating. Relative dating establishes if something is older or younger than another artifact, usually within the same excavation. For example, excavations can expose the stratigraphy of the ground: layers of rock and sediment deposit that build up over time and can be visually distinct, though sometimes bleed into each other. Artifacts found in a lower layer can be theorized to be older than artifacts in layers above it.

Absolute dating provides more specific dates for the origin of artifacts, and often relies on chemical processes. Radiocarbon dating is one such method.

Radioactive Isotopes

Radiocarbon dating works on the fact that isotopes of carbon exist in nature, and it is their nature to decay over time.

Isotopes are variations of the same chemical element. They have the same atomic number -and therefore number of protons- as the base element, but different amounts of neutrons in the atom’s nucleus. So all carbon isotopes have six protons, but instead of six neutrons like C-12, they can have seven or eight neutrons, which are known as C-13 and C-14, respectively.

Though an isotope, C-13 is stable, meaning it does not decay into another form or element over time. It has enough binding energy to keep the protons and neutrons in its nucleus together.

C-14 is not stable. Over time, C-14 decays into stable Nitrogen through one of the neutrons becoming a proton. In this process it also loses an electron, which are negative particles that ‘orbit’ the nucleus.

C-14 Dating

From secondary particles produced by cosmic rays, C-14 or 14C becomes 14CO, then 14CO2 (carbon-14 dioxide), entering Earth’s carbon cycle. In this way, C-14 absorbs into living tissues through photosynthesis and the food chain. When the living tissue dies, no more C-14 is introduced, starting the time of radioactive decay.

C-14 has a half-life of 5,700± 30 years, meaning that after that many years, the amount of C-14 in the subject has decreased by half. The amount of C-14 present in a material can be measured in three ways: gas proportional counting, liquid scintillation counting, and accelerator mass spectrometry.

In gas proportional counting, the sample of organic material is converted to carbon dioxide gas before being put into cylinders where beta particles are measured. Beta particles are produced by radiocarbon decay, so the dating measures how much more C-14 is left to decay at the time of evaluation.

Similarly, liquid scintillation measures beta particles by the scintillator producing a flash of light when interacting with a beta particle. In this process, the organic material is in liquid form and put between two photomultipliers, devices that convert photons into electrical signals to register when the scintillator indicates a beta particle.

Accelerator mass spectrometry does not measure beta particles. It measures the proportion of C-14 to C-13 and C-12 present in the sample.

The results of these methods are compared to an international standard reference, which has changed throughout the years. For some time, sugar beets harvested in the 1950s were used as comparison for the amount of C-14 present, as well as wood from 1890 and beet molasses from 1977. These varieties of organic material have helped provide reference for the measurements of C-14 isotopes.

Radiocarbon dating has been a useful source of knowledge when examining artifacts. The science behind it is expansive and requires piecing together many different properties of the universe, such as how C-14 enters the atmosphere from cosmic rays, and how it naturally changes form over time as a radioactive isotope. Understanding these different elements can help demystify the processes of scientific discovery, and help us better understand specific case studies in the future.

Additional Resources

1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43586-021-00058-7#

2. gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/isotopes/chemistry.html

3. https://news.uchicago.edu/explainer/what-is-carbon-14-dating4. https://www.radiocarbon.com/about-carbon-dating.htm#

2 notes · View notes

semiconductor-hub · 4 days

Text

Silicon Photomultiplier Market Trends, Growth Demand, Opportunities and Forecast To 2032

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are advanced optoelectronic devices that have gained significant traction in various applications, particularly in the fields of medical imaging, high-energy physics, and industrial sensing. SiPMs are capable of detecting low levels of light with high sensitivity, making them ideal for applications where precision and efficiency are paramount. These devices operate on the principle of avalanche multiplication, allowing them to amplify the signal from individual photons, which results in a robust response to weak light signals.

The technology behind SiPMs has advanced rapidly, providing significant improvements in performance compared to traditional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). SiPMs are solid-state devices, which means they are more compact, robust, and less sensitive to magnetic fields than PMTs. Their performance characteristics, such as high gain, fast timing response, and low dark count rates, make them suitable for a wide range of applications, from particle physics experiments to medical diagnostics and security systems.

The Silicon Photomultiplier Market size is expected to be valued at USD 138.09 Million in 2023. It is estimated to reach USD 274.43 Million by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 7.93% during 2024-2032.

Future Scope

The future of silicon photomultipliers is bright, with increasing adoption across various sectors. As technology advances, the demand for high-performance photodetectors continues to grow, particularly in areas such as medical imaging technologies like positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT). SiPMs are uniquely suited for these applications due to their ability to detect faint light signals, improving imaging quality and accuracy.

Furthermore, the rise of quantum technologies and the need for efficient photon detection in quantum communication systems will bolster the demand for SiPMs. As industries explore applications in quantum cryptography and secure communications, the precise light detection capabilities of SiPMs will play a crucial role in enabling these advanced technologies.

The ongoing development of new materials and designs will further enhance the performance of SiPMs, making them even more competitive with other photodetection technologies. Innovations in packaging and integration with other electronic systems will also pave the way for more versatile applications in various fields.

Trends

Several key trends are shaping the silicon photomultiplier market. One notable trend is the increasing integration of SiPMs into compact and portable devices. As industries prioritize miniaturization and efficiency, SiPMs are being incorporated into smaller systems that require reliable photon detection without compromising performance. This trend is particularly relevant in medical and industrial applications, where space and weight constraints are critical.

Another significant trend is the growing interest in hybrid systems that combine SiPMs with other technologies, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and lasers. These hybrid systems enable enhanced performance in applications like fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy, where precise detection of low light levels is essential. The synergy between SiPMs and other optoelectronic components is driving innovation and expanding the range of potential applications.

Application

Silicon photomultipliers find diverse applications across multiple sectors. In medical imaging, they are extensively used in PET and CT scanners, enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of imaging systems. SiPMs improve the detection of gamma rays and enable faster image acquisition, leading to better diagnostic outcomes for patients.

In high-energy physics, SiPMs play a critical role in particle detection and measurement. Their high sensitivity and fast response times make them ideal for applications in particle accelerators and experiments involving low-light signals. This capability allows researchers to gather more accurate data and advance their understanding of fundamental particles and interactions.

Industrial applications also benefit from SiPM technology, particularly in sensing and detection systems. SiPMs are utilized in security and surveillance systems to detect weak light signals in challenging environments, enhancing the reliability of safety systems.

Key Points

Advanced optoelectronic devices capable of detecting low light levels with high sensitivity.

Significant improvements over traditional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in compactness and robustness.

Growing adoption in medical imaging, high-energy physics, and industrial sensing applications.

Future growth driven by advances in materials, quantum technologies, and hybrid systems.

Applied in PET scanners, particle detection, and security systems.

Read More Details: https://www.snsinsider.com/reports/silicon-photomultiplier-market-1883

Akash Anand — Head of Business Development & Strategy

Email: [email protected]

Phone: +1–415–230–0044 (US) | +91–7798602273 (IND)

#Silicon Photomultiplier Market

0 notes

semiconductorhub · 2 months

Text

Silicon Photomultiplier Market Key Drivers, Challenges, and Prominent Regions by 2032

Market Scope & Overview

Numerous industry experts, suppliers, distributors, and other relevant people were questioned as part of the inquiry. The Silicon Photomultiplier Market research report provides an overview of the most interesting trends and industries based on different market dynamics across different regions across the globe. The market research report's results and data have been endorsed by notable academicians and industry experts from a range of sectors.

The sources for statistical information include press announcements, official websites, annual reports from corporations, and other similar items. The research report examines key industry developments, current trends, and major innovations in detail. Given the intended market, it also offers crucial techniques that have been authorized by significant corporations. This is a great place to get market insider information. Silicon Photomultiplier market research makes use of both primary and secondary data sources.

Download the Sample Pages of this Report: https://www.snsinsider.com/sample-request/1883

COVID-19 Impact Analysis

The research looks into how the COVID-19 outbreak has affected the leaders, followers, and disruptors in the Silicon Photomultiplier market. The effects varied by geography and market segment since the lockdown was handled differently in different regions and countries. The research study examined the market's short- and long-term ramifications, and it will assist decision-makers in developing company plans and strategies tailored to certain industries.

Regional Outlook

The latest Silicon Photomultiplier market research report thoroughly studies and forecasts all of the world's important regional markets. The latest research report outlines major trends, current events, and promising prospects to watch in these locations.

Market Segmentation Analysis

Three primary categories are evaluated during market research: the application, the end-user, and the geographical areas. The data tables and associated visualizations make the Silicon Photomultiplier market study easy to read. The study becomes considerably clearer and more illustrative when the market is properly categorized. The global market is divided into many segments based on sales, revenue, growth rate, and market share, according to the analysis.

BY OFFERING

Near Ultraviolet Silicon Photomultiplier

Near Ultraviolet -HD Silicon Photomultiplier Technology

Near Ultraviolet -HD Cryo Silicon Photomultiplier Technology

Red, Green Blue Silicon Photomultiplier

Low-cell Count Red, Green Blue Silicon Photomultiplier

High-cell Count Red, Green Blue Silicon Photomultiplier

BY TYPE

Analog Silicon Photomultiplier

Digital Silicon Photomultiplier

BY APPLICATION

LiDAR And 3D Ranging

High Energy Physics

Flow Cytometry

BioPhotonics and Medical Imaging

Radiation Detection & Monitoring

BY END USER

Healthcare

Consumer Electronics and Telecommunications

Oil & Gas

Automotive

Aerospace

Others

Competitive Analysis

The data for each sector are examined using the top-down strategy in the Silicon Photomultiplier market report, and the results are contrasted to those created using the bottom-up method. You may improve your pricing and marketing efforts by learning more about a customer's age, location, gender, and income. Secondary research is used to gather vital information about well-known firms, market classification, and segmentation based on industry trends for significant market and technological breakthroughs.

Key participants in the market are:

ON Semiconductor

Hamamatsu Photonics

KETEK

Cremat

Philips

TE connectivity

Broadcom

First Sensor

AdvanSiD

Excelitas Technologies

Radiation Monitoring Devices

Buy Now: https://www.snsinsider.com/checkout/1883

Key Reasons to Purchase Silicon Photomultiplier Market Report

In order to create a good company plan, readers must first grasp your competitors' major operating strategies, prior market performance, and product and service portfolio.

Businesses can use the study data to launch new product launches, collaborations, and market acquisitions, as well as accurately segment each submarket based on distinct growth trends and market participation.

Conclusion

The Silicon Photomultiplier market research report will provide a market development roadmap to market participants, assisting them in articulating predicted plans for reaching business objectives.

About Us:

SNS Insider is one of the leading market research and consulting agencies that dominates the market research industry globally. Our company’s aim is to give clients the knowledge they require in order to function in changing circumstances. In order to give you current, accurate market data, consumer insights, and opinions so that you can make decisions with confidence, we employ a variety of techniques, including surveys, video talks, and focus groups around the world.

Akash Anand — Head of Business Development & Strategy

Email: [email protected]

Phone: +1–415–230–0044 (US) | +91–7798602273 (IND)

#Silicon Photomultiplier Market

0 notes

ultrimio · 4 months

Text

Conceptual Design for a Neutrino Power Transmission System

Overview

Neutrinos could potentially be used to send electricity over long distances without the need for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) lines. Neutrinos have the unique property of being able to pass through matter without interacting with it, which makes them ideal for transmitting energy over long distances without significant energy loss. This property allows neutrinos to be used as a medium for energy transmission, potentially replacing HVDC lines in certain applications.

So the goal is to create a neutrino-based power transmission system capable of sending and receiving a beam of neutrinos that carry a few MW of power across a short distance. This setup will include a neutrino beam generator (transmitter), a travel medium, and a neutrino detector (receiver) that can convert the neutrinos' kinetic energy into electrical power.

1. Neutrino Beam Generator (Transmitter)

Particle Accelerator: At the heart of the neutrino beam generator will be a particle accelerator. This accelerator will increase the energy of protons before colliding them with a target to produce pions and kaons, which then decay into neutrinos. A compact linear accelerator or a small synchrotron could be used for this purpose.

Target Material: The protons accelerated by the particle accelerator will strike a dense material target (like tungsten or graphite) to create a shower of pions and kaons.

Decay Tunnel: After production, these particles will travel through a decay tunnel where they decay into neutrinos. This tunnel needs to be under vacuum or filled with inert gas to minimize interactions before decay.

Focusing Horns: Magnetic horns will be used to focus the charged pions and kaons before they decay, enhancing the neutrino beam's intensity and directionality.

Energy and Beam Intensity: To achieve a few MW of power, the system will need to operate at several gigaelectronvolts (GeV) with a proton beam current of a few tens of milliamperes.

2. Travel Medium

Direct Line of Sight: Neutrinos can travel through the Earth with negligible absorption or scattering, but for initial tests, a direct line of sight through air or vacuum could be used to simplify detection.

Distance: The initial setup could span a distance from a few hundred meters to a few kilometers, allowing for measurable neutrino interactions without requiring excessively large infrastructure.

3. Neutrino Detector (Receiver)

Detector Medium: A large volume of water or liquid scintillator will be used as the detecting medium. Neutrinos interacting with the medium produce a charged particle that can then be detected via Cherenkov radiation or scintillation light.

Photodetectors: Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) or Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) will be arranged around the detector medium to capture the light signals generated by neutrino interactions.

Energy Conversion: The kinetic energy of particles produced in neutrino interactions will be converted into heat. This heat can then be used in a traditional heat-to-electricity conversion system (like a steam turbine or thermoelectric generators).

Shielding and Background Reduction: To improve the signal-to-noise ratio, the detector will be shielded with lead or water to reduce background radiation. A veto system may also be employed to distinguish neutrino events from other particle interactions.

4. Control and Data Acquisition

Synchronization: Precise timing and synchronization between the accelerator and the detector will be crucial to identify and correlate neutrino events.

Data Acquisition System: A high-speed data acquisition system will collect data from the photodetectors, processing and recording the timing and energy of detected events.

Hypothetical Power Calculation

To estimate the power that could be transmitted:

Neutrino Flux: Let the number of neutrinos per second be ( N_\nu ), and each neutrino carries an average energy ( E_\nu ).

Neutrino Interaction Rate: Only a tiny fraction (( \sigma )) of neutrinos will interact with the detector material. For a detector with ( N_d ) target nuclei, the interaction rate ( R ) is ( R = N_\nu \sigma N_d ).

Power Conversion: If each interaction deposits energy ( E_d ) into the detector, the power ( P ) is ( P = R \times E_d ).

For a beam of ( 10^{15} ) neutrinos per second (a feasible rate for a small accelerator) each with ( E_\nu = 1 ) GeV, and assuming an interaction cross-section ( \sigma \approx 10^{-38} ) cm(^2), a detector with ( N_d = 10^{30} ) (corresponding to about 10 kilotons of water), and ( E_d = E_\nu ) (for simplicity in this hypothetical scenario), the power is:

[ P = 10

^{15} \times 10^{-38} \times 10^{30} \times 1 \text{ GeV} ]

[ P = 10^{7} \times 1 \text{ GeV} ]

Converting GeV to joules (1 GeV ≈ (1.6 \times 10^{-10}) J):

[ P = 10^{7} \times 1.6 \times 10^{-10} \text{ J/s} ]

[ P = 1.6 \text{ MW} ]

Thus, under these very optimistic and idealized conditions, the setup could theoretically transmit about 1.6 MW of power. However, this is an idealized maximum, and actual performance would likely be significantly lower due to various inefficiencies and losses.

Detailed Steps to Implement the Conceptual Design

Step 1: Building the Neutrino Beam Generator

Accelerator Design:

Choose a compact linear accelerator or a small synchrotron capable of accelerating protons to the required energy (several GeV).

Design the beamline with the necessary magnetic optics to focus and direct the proton beam.

Target Station:

Construct a target station with a high-density tungsten or graphite target to maximize pion and kaon production.

Implement a cooling system to manage the heat generated by the high-intensity proton beam.

Decay Tunnel:

Design and construct a decay tunnel, optimizing its length to maximize the decay of pions and kaons into neutrinos.

Include magnetic focusing horns to shape and direct the emerging neutrino beam.

Safety and Controls:

Develop a control system to synchronize the operation of the accelerator and monitor the beam's properties.

Implement safety systems to manage radiation and operational risks.

Step 2: Setting Up the Neutrino Detector

Detector Medium:

Select a large volume of water or liquid scintillator. For a few MW of transmitted power, consider a detector size of around 10 kilotons, similar to large neutrino detectors in current experiments.

Place the detector underground or in a well-shielded facility to reduce cosmic ray backgrounds.

Photodetectors:

Install thousands of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) or Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) around the detector to capture light from neutrino interactions.

Optimize the arrangement of these sensors to maximize coverage and detection efficiency.

Energy Conversion System:

Design a system to convert the kinetic energy from particle reactions into heat.

Couple this heat to a heat exchanger and use it to drive a turbine or other electricity-generating device.

Data Acquisition and Processing:

Implement a high-speed data acquisition system to record signals from the photodetectors.

Develop software to analyze the timing and energy of events, distinguishing neutrino interactions from background noise.

Step 3: Integration and Testing

Integration:

Carefully align the neutrino beam generator with the detector over the chosen distance.

Test the proton beam operation, target interaction, and neutrino production phases individually before full operation.

Calibration:

Use calibration sources and possibly a low-intensity neutrino source to calibrate the detector.

Adjust the photodetector and data acquisition settings to optimize signal detection and reduce noise.

Full System Test:

Begin with low-intensity beams to ensure the system's stability and operational safety.

Gradually increase the beam intensity, monitoring the detector's response and the power output.

Operational Refinement:

Refine the beam focusing and detector sensitivity based on initial tests.

Implement iterative improvements to increase the system's efficiency and power output.

Challenges and Feasibility

While the theoretical framework suggests that a few MW of power could be transmitted via neutrinos, several significant challenges would need to be addressed to make such a system feasible:

Interaction Rates: The extremely low interaction rate of neutrinos means that even with a high-intensity beam and a large detector, only a tiny fraction of the neutrinos will be detected and contribute to power generation.

Technological Limits: The current state of particle accelerator and neutrino detection technology would make it difficult to achieve the necessary beam intensity and detection efficiency required for MW-level power transmission.

Cost and Infrastructure: The cost of building and operating such a system would be enormous, likely many orders of magnitude greater than existing power transmission systems.

Efficiency: Converting the kinetic energy of particles produced in neutrino interactions to electrical energy with high efficiency is a significant technical challenge.

Scalability: Scaling this setup to practical applications would require even more significant advancements in technology and reductions

in cost.

Detailed Analysis of Efficiency and Cost

Even in an ideal scenario where technological barriers are overcome, the efficiency of converting neutrino interactions into usable power is a critical factor. Here’s a deeper look into the efficiency and cost aspects:

Efficiency Analysis

Neutrino Detection Efficiency: Current neutrino detectors have very low efficiency due to the small cross-section of neutrino interactions. To improve this, advanced materials or innovative detection techniques would be required. For instance, using superfluid helium or advanced photodetectors could potentially increase interaction rates and energy conversion efficiency.

Energy Conversion Efficiency: The process of converting the kinetic energy from particle reactions into usable electrical energy currently has many stages of loss. Thermal systems, like steam turbines, typically have efficiencies of 30-40%. To enhance this, direct energy conversion methods, such as thermoelectric generators or direct kinetic-to-electric conversion, need development but are still far from achieving high efficiency at the scale required.

Overall System Efficiency: Combining the neutrino interaction efficiency and the energy conversion efficiency, the overall system efficiency could be extremely low. For neutrino power transmission to be comparable to current technologies, these efficiencies need to be boosted by several orders of magnitude.

Cost Considerations

Capital Costs: The initial costs include building the particle accelerator, target station, decay tunnel, focusing system, and the neutrino detector. Each of these components is expensive, with costs potentially running into billions of dollars for a setup that could aim to transmit a few MW of power.

Operational Costs: The operational costs include the energy to run the accelerator and the maintenance of the entire system. Given the high-energy particles involved and the precision technology required, these costs would be significantly higher than those for traditional power transmission methods.

Cost-Effectiveness: To determine the cost-effectiveness, compare the total cost per unit of power transmitted with that of HVDC systems. Currently, HVDC transmission costs are about $1-2 million per mile for the infrastructure, plus additional costs for power losses over distance. In contrast, a neutrino-based system would have negligible losses over distance, but the infrastructure costs would dwarf any current system.

Potential Improvements and Research Directions

To move from a theoretical concept to a more practical proposition, several areas of research and development could be pursued:

Advanced Materials: Research into new materials with higher sensitivity to neutrino interactions could improve detection rates. Nanomaterials or quantum dots might offer new pathways to detect and harness the energy from neutrino interactions more efficiently.

Accelerator Technology: Developing more compact and efficient accelerators would reduce the initial and operational costs of generating high-intensity neutrino beams. Using new acceleration techniques, such as plasma wakefield acceleration, could significantly decrease the size and cost of accelerators.

Detector Technology: Improvements in photodetector efficiency and the development of new scintillating materials could enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in neutrino detectors. High-temperature superconductors could also be used to improve the efficiency of magnetic horns and focusing devices.

Energy Conversion Methods: Exploring direct conversion methods, where the kinetic energy of particles from neutrino interactions is directly converted into electricity, could bypass the inefficiencies of thermal conversion systems. Research into piezoelectric materials or other direct conversion technologies could be key.

Conceptual Experiment to Demonstrate Viability

To demonstrate the viability of neutrino power transmission, even at a very small scale, a conceptual experiment could be set up as follows:

Experimental Setup

Small-Scale Accelerator: Use a small-scale proton accelerator to generate a neutrino beam. For experimental purposes, this could be a linear accelerator used in many research labs, capable of accelerating protons to a few hundred MeV.

Miniature Target and Decay Tunnel: Design a compact target and a short decay tunnel to produce and focus neutrinos. This setup will test the beam production and initial focusing systems.

Small Detector: Construct a small-scale neutrino detector, possibly using a few tons of liquid scintillator or water, equipped with sensitive photodetectors. This detector will test the feasibility of detecting focused neutrino beams at short distances.

Measurement and Analysis: Measure the rate of neutrino interactions and the energy deposited in the detector. Compare this to the expected values based on the beam properties and detector design.

Steps to Conduct the Experiment

Calibrate the Accelerator and Beamline: Ensure the proton beam is correctly tuned and the target is accurately positioned to maximize pion and kaon production.

Operate the Decay Tunnel and Focusing System: Run tests to optimize the magnetic focusing horns and maximize the neutrino beam coherence.

Run the Detector: Collect data from the neutrino interactions, focusing on capturing the rare events and distinguishing them from background noise.

Data Analysis: Analyze the collected data to determine the neutrino flux and interaction rate, and compare these to

theoretical predictions to validate the setup.

Optimization: Based on initial results, adjust the beam energy, focusing systems, and detector configurations to improve interaction rates and signal clarity.

Example Calculation for a Proof-of-Concept Experiment

To put the above experimental setup into a more quantitative framework, here's a simplified example calculation:

Assumptions and Parameters

Proton Beam Energy: 500 MeV (which is within the capability of many smaller particle accelerators).

Number of Protons per Second ((N_p)): (1 \times 10^{13}) protons/second (a relatively low intensity to ensure safe operations for a proof-of-concept).

Target Efficiency: Assume 20% of the protons produce pions or kaons that decay into neutrinos.

Neutrino Energy ((E_\nu)): Approximately 30% of the pion or kaon energy, so around 150 MeV per neutrino.

Distance to Detector ((D)): 100 meters (to stay within a compact experimental facility).

Detector Mass: 10 tons of water (equivalent to (10^4) kg, or about (6 \times 10^{31}) protons assuming 2 protons per water molecule).

Neutrino Interaction Cross-Section ((\sigma)): Approximately (10^{-38} , \text{m}^2) (typical for neutrinos at this energy).

Neutrino Detection Efficiency: Assume 50% due to detector design and quantum efficiency of photodetectors.

Neutrino Production

Pions/Kaons Produced: [ N_{\text{pions/kaons}} = N_p \times 0.2 = 2 \times 10^{12} \text{ per second} ]

Neutrinos Produced: [ N_\nu = N_{\text{pions/kaons}} = 2 \times 10^{12} \text{ neutrinos per second} ]

Neutrino Flux at the Detector

Given the neutrinos spread out over a sphere: [ \text{Flux} = \frac{N_\nu}{4 \pi D^2} = \frac{2 \times 10^{12}}{4 \pi (100)^2} , \text{neutrinos/m}^2/\text{s} ] [ \text{Flux} \approx 1.6 \times 10^7 , \text{neutrinos/m}^2/\text{s} ]

Expected Interaction Rate in the Detector

Number of Target Nuclei ((N_t)) in the detector: [ N_t = 6 \times 10^{31} ]

Interactions per Second: [ R = \text{Flux} \times N_t \times \sigma \times \text{Efficiency} ] [ R = 1.6 \times 10^7 \times 6 \times 10^{31} \times 10^{-38} \times 0.5 ] [ R \approx 48 , \text{interactions/second} ]

Energy Deposited

Energy per Interaction: Assuming each neutrino interaction deposits roughly its full energy (150 MeV, or (150 \times 1.6 \times 10^{-13}) J): [ E_d = 150 \times 1.6 \times 10^{-13} , \text{J} = 2.4 \times 10^{-11} , \text{J} ]

Total Power: [ P = R \times E_d ] [ P = 48 \times 2.4 \times 10^{-11} , \text{J/s} ] [ P \approx 1.15 \times 10^{-9} , \text{W} ]

So, the power deposited in the detector from neutrino interactions would be about (1.15 \times 10^{-9}) watts.

Challenges and Improvements for Scaling Up

While the proof-of-concept might demonstrate the fundamental principles, scaling this up to transmit even a single watt of power, let alone megawatts, highlights the significant challenges:

Increased Beam Intensity: To increase the power output, the intensity of the proton beam and the efficiency of pion/kaon production must be dramatically increased. For high power levels, this would require a much higher energy and intensity accelerator, larger and more efficient targets, and more sophisticated focusing systems.

Larger Detector: The detector would need to be massively scaled

up in size. To detect enough neutrinos to convert to a practical amount of power, we're talking about scaling from a 10-ton detector to potentially tens of thousands of tons or more, similar to the scale of detectors used in major neutrino experiments like Super-Kamiokande in Japan.

Improved Detection and Conversion Efficiency: To realistically convert the interactions into usable power, the efficiency of both the detection and the subsequent energy conversion process needs to be near-perfect, which is far beyond current capabilities.

Steps to Scale Up the Experiment

To transition from the initial proof-of-concept to a more substantial demonstration and eventually to a practical application, several steps and advancements are necessary:

Enhanced Accelerator Performance:

Upgrade to Higher Energies: Move from a 500 MeV system to several GeV or even higher, as higher energy neutrinos can penetrate further and have a higher probability of interaction.

Increase Beam Current: Amplify the proton beam current to increase the number of neutrinos generated, aiming for a beam power in the range of hundreds of megawatts to gigawatts.

Optimized Target and Decay Tunnel:

Target Material and Design: Use advanced materials that can withstand the intense bombardment of protons and optimize the geometry for maximum pion and kaon production.

Magnetic Focusing: Refine the magnetic horns and other focusing devices to maximize the collimation and directionality of the produced neutrinos, minimizing spread and loss.

Massive Scale Detector:

Detector Volume: Scale the detector up to the kiloton or even megaton range, using water, liquid scintillator, or other materials that provide a large number of target nuclei.

Advanced Photodetectors: Deploy tens of thousands of high-efficiency photodetectors to capture as much of the light from interactions as possible.

High-Efficiency Energy Conversion:

Direct Conversion Technologies: Research and develop technologies that can convert the kinetic energy from particle reactions directly into electrical energy with minimal loss.

Thermodynamic Cycles: If using heat conversion, optimize the thermodynamic cycle (such as using supercritical CO2 turbines) to maximize the efficiency of converting heat into electricity.

Integration and Synchronization:

Data Acquisition and Processing: Handle the vast amounts of data from the detector with real-time processing to identify and quantify neutrino events.

Synchronization: Ensure precise timing between the neutrino production at the accelerator and the detection events to accurately attribute interactions to the beam.

Realistic Projections and Innovations Required

Considering the stark difference between the power levels in the initial experiment and the target power levels, let's outline the innovations and breakthroughs needed:

Neutrino Production and Beam Focus: To transmit appreciable power via neutrinos, the beam must be incredibly intense and well-focused. Innovations might include using plasma wakefield acceleration for more compact accelerators or novel superconducting materials for more efficient and powerful magnetic focusing.

Cross-Section Enhancement: While we can't change the fundamental cross-section of neutrino interactions, we can increase the effective cross-section by using quantum resonance effects or other advanced physics concepts currently in theoretical stages.

Breakthrough in Detection: Moving beyond conventional photodetection, using quantum coherent technologies or metamaterials could enhance the interaction rate detectable by the system.

Scalable and Safe Operation: As the system scales, ensuring safety and managing the high-energy particles and radiation produced will require advanced shielding and remote handling technologies.

Example of a Scaled Concept

To visualize what a scaled-up neutrino power transmission system might look like, consider the following:

Accelerator: A 10 GeV proton accelerator, with a beam power of 1 GW, producing a focused neutrino beam through a 1 km decay tunnel.

Neutrino Beam: A beam with a diameter of around 10 meters at production, focused down to a few meters at the detector site several kilometers away.

Detector: A 100 kiloton water Cherenkov or liquid scintillator detector, buried deep underground to minimize cosmic ray backgrounds, equipped with around 100,000 high-efficiency photodetectors.

Power Output: Assuming we could improve the overall system efficiency to even 0.1% (a huge leap from current capabilities), the output power could be: [ P_{\text{output}} = 1\text{ GW} \times 0.001 = 1\text{ MW} ]

This setup, while still futuristic, illustrates the scale and type of development needed to make neutrino power transmission a feasible alternative to current technologies.

Conclusion

While the concept of using neutrinos to transmit power is fascinating and could overcome many limitations of current power transmission infrastructure, the path from theory to practical application is long and filled with significant hurdels.

0 notes

vikaschauhanwriter · 5 months

Text

#Silicon Photomultiplier Market

0 notes

truphysics · 1 year

Text

Photomultiplier Tube

Introduction Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are a type of vacuum tube used to detect and amplify signals from individual photons. PMTs are known for their high sensitivity to light, fast response, and large amplification factors. Structure of a Photomultiplier Tube A PMT typically consists of three main components: A photocathode: This is where incident photons are converted into electrons via…

View On WordPress

#Electrons #Index #Photomultiplier Tube #Photon #Work Function

0 notes

yorickish · 10 days

Text

we need to go back to not discussing women's health cause it's making it too hard to find info about my photomultiplier tubes

45 notes · View notes

senkusphone · 11 months

Text

Dr. Stone chapter 1D Trivia post

Spoilers ahead

We knew there was a slippery slope but we didn't know which one it was.

First things first, as we saw, Kaseki was not dead after all, and neither was Francois.

This clears things from chapter 232.5 (Dr. Stone Terraforming) where Kaseki was not shown at all, and although Francois was shown to be at the plane at the moment of the crash, they were never shown to be rescued.

We do get a glimpse at Senku throughout his lifetime (hypothetically at least). The pictured time machine, just like the large one they are building, features the telltale disk from the movie "The time machine" (duh) from 1960, based on a novel by H.G. Wells, written in 1895.

We also see him using a bunch of yagi antennas again, as well as a small satellite dish, all pointed in different directions in his homebrew setup, perhaps in an attempt to catch the signal regardless of which direction it's coming from. A concern I've heard is why would Byakuya contact Senku's future attempt but not the one from his childhood, and the answer likely boils down to the technology. As Xeno said they used a specialized detector to spot tiny bursts of petrification beam

I am not sure what such a detector might entail, but since the petri beam involves a flash of light, perhaps something like a photomultiplier tube could do it, as they can detect individual photons

The Tokyo Sky Tree is a radio tower, housing a restaurant and an observation deck, it is also the tallest manmade structure in Japan with a height of 634 meters, or 532.7 times the canon height of Suika in chapter 178.

Here it looks like they've drawn the wrong design for the medusa capsule, this one has a speaker on the inside like the original that was sent to the moon, whereas once whyman was discovered, they changed the design to one with a small antenna in its place, and a speaker/microphone on the outside for them to communicate.

This is what I feel like in university

Yes we are

next up, energy

1.21 Exawatts has no basis I know of other than being a reference to the 1.21 Gigawatts used by the time machine from Back to the Future. 1 exawatt = 1000000000 gigawatts, so I guess Dr. Brown's machine was actually very fuel efficient.

The (exa)watt is technically not a unit of energy but rather of the rate of energy transfer (or how fast energy's being delivered in layman's terms).

I assume he means (exa) watt-hours, a multiple of the watt-hour, which is an energy unit handy for working with electricity calculations. This amount of energy is equivalent to a bit shy of 900000 megatons of TNT. However, if you could capture 100% of the sun's output (and I mean all of it, a la dyson sphere, not just what hits the earth, and with 100% efficiency) and store it, you could collect that amount of energy in just under 30 seconds. This amount is also probably larger than the consumption of humanity over the last 60 years. It is in fact larger than the energy consumed wordwide between 1800 and 2010 by a factor of about two, going from adding and converting the data here.

https://www.encyclopedie-energie.org/en/world-energy-consumption-1800-2000-results/

Helium 3 is an isotope of helium with a nucleus made of 2 protons and 1 neutron (unlike normal helium which consists of 2 and 2 of each).

Because it's a very light gas, it tends to float away from the earth and get swept off into space much like regular helium does, and it is believed that larger amounts of it will be available on the moon, where it is formed naturally in a slow but steady supply when natural lithium is bombarded with neutrons from cosmic rays. Helium 3 can theoretically function as fuel in a fusion reactor, having the advantage that it does not release neutrons in the reaction, meaning it does not bombard other materials inside the reactor making them radioactive (and He-3 is not radioactive itself either).

The big issues are its low availability and the fact that a reactor for this fuel would need even higher temperatures than the reactors we are experimenting with today, and we are barely starting. On that note, Tsukasa eating chip

These robots are very strange, they walk on their claws, only having wheels at the back and carrying what looks a lot like an old time minecart. If anyone knows what the name Johnny 7 might be referring to, let me know. So far I can see that there was a sentient robot named Johnny 5 in the 1986 film Short Circuit, which looked like this.

I could also note that the robots have "Battery A" and "Battery B" noted on them.

It might just be a coincidence, but I like to think it might be a nod to an early project in the series, the cellphone.

The cellphone had two battery packs, the lead acid pack to run the vacuum tube filament, and Gen's manganese battery pack, which ran the tube anode. Historically these two battery packs were designated "A" and "B".

For the record this is also the reason you can buy AAA, AA, C, and D size cells, but no B batteries. Those batteries used to exist, but they don't anymore, since the equipment they powered is long obsolete. Next up, Chrome has a flashback to Ruri's flashback.

Kirisame's headpiece has reverted to the seldom seen spiral horn version, she is most typically seen with the one shaped like cat ears.

Next up:

No, I will not apologise

This does not seem to be the same restaurant mentioned in chapter 43, though I guess it could have changed, since Senku seems older (might it be the restaurant in the sky tree?)

Also Senku puts on Byakuya's coat that was on the back of his chair.

Speaking of chapter 43...

Ukyo is not well

It's no longer Nanami Corp, it's just Ryusui

To conclude, my take on what is happening

It's been hinted multiple times that we may see the involvement of alternate timelines, which comes as an answer to the occurence of a paradox if Senku were to travel back in time or even just contact himself. The title of the chapter comes to echo this. Higher dimensions have been a bit of a popular topic lately with people making games in four dimensions, etcetera. This however is not that by the looks of it, the fourth dimension mentioned would be an additional time dimension, which can be interpreted as the existence of convergent or divergent timelines. One of the less obvious things that remain to be seen is how Byakuya (or someone pretending to be him) knew when and where to contact someone in a different timeline. We also don't know where in time they are located. It is assumed at first that the incoming message is from the future but if we are dealing with a parallel universe it may as well be coming from the past or even be coming in in "real time" (as if such concepts of relative time held up in multidimensional time).

Suika cute pose

55 notes · View notes

usafphantom2 · 11 months

Text

The astro-inertial navigation system (ANS) of the SR-71 Blackbird was a remarkable feat of engineering that allowed the aircraft to navigate with unprecedented precision and accuracy, even over long distances and in challenging conditions. The system's ability to track stars through a quartz glass window, even in daylight, was a key factor in its success.

Here's how the ANS worked:

1Primary Alignment: Before takeoff, the ANS's gyroscopes were carefully aligned with the Earth's magnetic field. This initial alignment was crucial for ensuring the accuracy of the system's position calculations.

2Star Tracking: Once airborne, the ANS would track stars through a circular quartz glass window located on the upper fuselage. The star tracker used a photomultiplier tube to detect the light from stars, and its computer system would then identify the stars based on their positions and brightness.

3Position Calculation: Using the positions of the tracked stars, the ANS's computer would calculate the aircraft's position relative to a known reference point. This position information was then updated continuously throughout the flight.

4Navigation Guidance: The ANS could provide the pilot with navigation guidance, including the aircraft's current position, heading, and course. This information was crucial for maintaining accurate flight paths and reaching designated targets.

5Daytime Star Tracking: The ANS's "blue light" source star tracker was a unique feature that allowed the system to track stars even in daylight. This was achieved by using a special filter that selectively passed only blue light, which is scattered less by the atmosphere than other wavelengths.

6Redundancy: The ANS was designed with redundancy in mind, incorporating multiple gyroscopes and star trackers to ensure continuous operation even if one component failed.

The ANS played a critical role in the SR-71's success, enabling it to perform reconnaissance missions over vast distances and in hostile environments. The system's combination of precision, reliability, and all-weather capability made it a revolutionary technology in its time.

@Habubrats71 via X

27 notes · View notes

mina-ribbonheart · 8 days

Text

(I decided to fact check myself on my last post because I thought it would be fun and easy. I am now reading a 157 page NASA paper about low-energy charged particle detection to try and figure out if electron/photomultiplier tubes preserve the incident angle of the original particle. Help. /lh)

#ooc post #mod speaks

2 notes · View notes

itsgerges · 7 days

Text

Best Regards

The Planets Were Moving In Their Orbits Before The Sun Creation

Abstract

The Paper General Hypothesis

The gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam by its motion- The paper general hypothesis tells – the sun rays is created by this method and not by the sun nuclear fusion- means- The Sun Is NOT doing nuclear fusion to produce its rays but the sun rays is created by the gravitational waves motions energies – I depend on this new article to form the hypothesis.

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

The article tells the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam- the paper general hypothesis supposes the sun rays is created based on this method by the gravitational waves motions energies and not by the sun nuclear fusion- also – the hypothesis tells No star rays is produced by the nuclear fusion process but all rays are created by the gravitational waves motions as the article explains.

The General Hypothesis Explanation

Preface

The Gravitational Waves Source And Motion Analysis

The Refutation Of The Sun Nuclear Fusion Theory

The Paper Four Branch Hypotheses

1- Preface

The paper general hypothesis depends on four branch hypotheses will be discussed and proved after the general hypothesis explanation-

The paper general hypothesis tells – the planets were found and moving in their orbit before the sun creation- the planets were revolving around a point in space- this point is a point of space (dark similar to any other point of space)- the planets were revolving around this point for long period before the sun creation- and later the sun is created above this point of space- the hypothesis tells the sun rays is created from the planets motions energies and by that the hypothesis refutes two Major Theories in the physics book which are

1st Theory

The Gravitational Waves Are Produced By The Sun Gravitational Field

I refuse this theory- and claim the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- the following analysis proves this fact

Planet moves and produces motion energy (1/2mv^2) and this energy can NOT be stored inside the planet body because the planet temperature would be raised by this energy and no planet temperature is raised by its motion- logically- we have to conclude that the planet motion energy is stored in the space in waves form- means- the planet motion is similar to a fish swimming in the sea- the fish motion produces energy and this energy creates waves in the water- similar to that- the planet motion produces energy and this energy creates waves in the space- that tells- the space must have waves because the space is the only place in which the planet motion energy can be stored- now- the scientists discovered these waves and they supposed these waves are produced by the sun gravitational field while these waves are produced by the planets motions energies

My paper provides strong refutations against Newton theory of the sun gravity- no planet moves by the sun gravity and the sun has NO massive gravity as Newton imagined also the Sun doesn't produce a gravitational field as Einstein told us- all these ideas are imaginary- the paper provides solid critic against all of them.

NOTICE

We realize the article still supposed the gravitational waves are produced by The Sun Gravitational Field – I refuse this idea- but – I accept the article other facts – means- the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and the gravitational waves can produce a light beam– these article facts I accept- and based on them- I suppose the sun rays is created by the gravitational waves motions energies and Not by The sun nuclear fusion process.

2nd Theory

The Sun Nuclear Fusion Theory-

I refuse this theory- the sun is NOT doing nuclear fusion to produce its rays- instead – the sun rays is created by the gravitational waves motions energies-

Also all stars use this same method and NO Star rays is created by any nuclear fusion process.

2- The Gravitational Waves Source And Motion Analysis

(1st Item)

The Sun Gravitational Field Theory Refutation

The Sun Doesn't Produce A Gravitational Field Nor Has Massive Gravity – let's prove that (1st Proof)

The sun rotation period is (25.4 days– at equator) and (34.4 days – at pole) that shows the sun has no massive gravity nor even ordinary gravity equal any planet gravity otherwise the sun would rotate around its axis in one period of time-

(2nd Proof)

No Planet Moves By The Sun Gravity – Newton is wrong- because- the planet moves by the force caused its creation- means- the planet creation and motion is done by one force only- because- if two forces have effects on the same one planet this planet would be broken- now- suppose the planet is created (by any force) and the sun gravity attracted this planet and forced it to revolve around the sun by the sun mass massive gravity (as Newton imagined) that would force the planet to move against its inner creation and will cause this planet to be broken- this is similar to a human is forced to walk on his hands in place of his legs and when this human refuses to do that (they told him we can force you by our power) for that this human walk on his hands forcedly and later this human is dead by this motion- shortly- the planet is NOT broken by its motion because the planet creation force is the force causes this planet motion- it's one force caused the planet creation and motion-

(3rd Proof)

The mass gravity force can NOT cause any motion- the mass gravity creates a bond between two masses- (the Earth and the moon are bond by the mass gravity)- by that they are similar to a lorry and its trailer – if the lorry moves the trailer will move with the lorry- but the mass gravity can NOT cause any motion- why? suppose the moon moves by the Erath gravity force- the moon moves and produces energy (1/2mv^2) and we have to ask from what source this energy will be provided?- from the mass itself- means if the Earth causes the moon to move the Earth and the moon masses should be decreased by the motion energy- this is a wrong definition for the mass gravity- the mass gravity creates a bond between two masses (The Earth and the moon) if some outer force causes the Earth to move the moon will move with it and in this case the outer force will provide the motion energy for the Earth and the moon-

(2nd Item)

The Gravitational Waves Source And Motion Trajectory

(1)

We agreed, Planet moves and produces motion energy (1/2mv^2) and this motion energy can NOT be stored inside the planet body otherwise it causes to raise its temperature- that tells Planet motion energy must be stored in the space in moving waves- by that the space must have moving waves which are produced by the planets motions energies

let's analyze this idea deeply

Planet motion is similar to a fish swimming in the sea- while- the fish swims in the sea because it hits the water by its body and that causes to create waves and these waves move by velocity equal the fish velocity (because of the reaction force)- similar to that- the planet motion in the space produces energy and this energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by velocity equal the planet velocity- means- Mercury (for example) moves and its motion energy creates waves in the space and these waves move by velocity = Mercury velocity (47.4 km/s) – we understand these waves are similar to the water waves they move far from their source and can be reflected.

(2)

The planets revolve around the sun in the same direction- for that- the planets motions energies waves move toward Pluto orbit (Perpendicular on the revolution trajectory) and in Pluto orbit the planets motions energies waves are unified into One Unified Wave which moves by the planets velocities total – means- while the planets revolve around the sun there's one unified wave revolves around the sun and moves by velocity 205.8 km/s (the nine planets velocities total =176 km/s but I add the Earth moon velocity 29.8 km/s because the energy is stored finally in the Earth moon orbit-and -the moon velocity equals the Earth velocity because they revolve together around the sun- the velocities total is 205.8 km/s )- Shortly – One unified wave revolves around the sun its velocity 205.8 km/s and This wave is found in Pluto orbit – AND

This unified wave (205.8 km/s) will be sent (reflected) from Pluto orbit to Venus orbit.

(3rd Item)

Can The Gravitational Waves Move By Speed Of Light? And Can They Produce A Light Beam? And How?

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

Simply the article tells the gravitational waves can move by speed of light and can produce a light beam- these two facts are proved by this article- BUT

If the gravitational waves move by speed of light- How Can These Waves Motions Produce A Light Beam?

My second branch hypothesis answers this question – it tells-

The gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system and this reflection of energy causes to square the wave velocity- means- the wave velocity after the energy reflection is squared the velocity before the energy reflection-

Now- the article tells the gravitational waves can move by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and my 2nd branch hypothesis tells (the energy reflection causes to square the velocity) means- if the gravitational wave velocity is (C=300000 km/s) before the energy reflection, this speed will be (C^2) after the Energy reflection- and this source of energy (C^2) can produce a light beam- by that –my 2nd branch hypothesis explains how the gravitational waves can produce a light beam- that explains the importance of the energy reflection study because without the energy reflection NO light beam can be produced.

3- The Refutation Of The Sun Nuclear Fusion Theory

The Sun is NOT doing nuclear fusion to produce its rays- But- the Sun rays is created by the gravitational waves motions energies- and- the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- Shortly- the sun rays is produced by the planets motions energies – there are five facts prove this solid fact – let's summarize them in following

1st Fact

The Sun Corona Temperature is 5 millions Kelvin but the sun surface is 5800 Kelvin

This fact puzzles the scientists – No puzzle here- because

The Sun rays is Not produced by the sun nuclear fusion but by the planets motions energies – the energy is Not produced from the sun body but by the planets motions energies – means- The energy out of the sun is greater hundreds times the energy inside the sun because the energy is provided by the planets motions energies-

The Sun Corona Temperature proves that the sun is NOT doing nuclear fusion to produce its rays – instead the planets motions energies total is used as the source of energy to produce the sun rays

2nd Fact

The gravitational waves are created by the planets motions energies- I proved that- simply Planet motion energy (1/2mv^2) must be stored in the space in moving waves because no other place to store this energy- that tells the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- it's doubtless conclusion- the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies-

Here we see The Sun Nuclear Fusion Theory ERROR because the solar planets revolve around the sun moving continuously and that produce massive motion energy which is stored in the space in waves form- so we have to ask (when and how this stored energy will be used?) understandable the energy can not be stored in the space forever without using- means- the sun rays is the outlet for the stored motion energy and the using of this stored energy protects the solar system from all risks found by the unused stored energy-

The problem here is seen clearly, while the solar system is so rich in the motion energy, the scientists created a strange source of energy (the sun mass) to produce the sun rays by the nuclear fusion process and no one interested for the planet motion energy nor the stored massive energy in the space-

The problem here is that (No Source Of Energy Is Required) because there's massive motion energy stored in the space in waves form and The scientists have discovered already these waves proving this massive energy is stored in the solar system space –

3rd Fact

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

This article tells the gravitational waves can move by the speed of light and can produce a light beam- it's another machine to produce the light beam- and we can't imagine there are many methods to produce the light beam- shortly- If the light beam can be produced by the gravitational waves motions- that tells The Sun Rays must be produced by this method.

The paper explains clearly how the light beam is produced by the gravitational waves motions- but- here– I want to say- It's not logical to have many ways to produce the light beam but only one method to do that- and this article gives a proof for the light production by the gravitational waves motions while No proof for the sun nuclear fusion theory- that tells the sun rays must be produced by the gravitational waves motions energies.

4th Fact

The Sun Point Velocity is 2 km/s – because

The Sun circumference 4.37 million km and the sun rotates around its axis in (25.4 days at equator)- this motion is done by a velocity = 2 km/s

Means if the sun moves by 2 km/s, the sun would rotate around its axis a complete rotation in 25.4 days-

My theory for the sun rays production tells the sun point velocity should be 1 km/s

My theory tells is the sun point velocity is 1 km/s the planets should move 90000 million km to produce the sun rays- but- in fact- the planets move 180000 million km to produce the sun rays- this change in distance is done because the sun point velocity is 2 km/s and Not 1 km/s- by that the velocity 2 km/s is a proof for my theory

Notice- the process in details will be explained in the next point-

5th Fact

The sun rays is produced by a relative motion- means-

The sun point and the gravitational waves are moving relative to each other by accurate relative motion- means- there's accurate geometrical design by which the sun point and the gravitational waves move relative to each other–this is similar to a train moves relative to another train- the relative motion is done accurately

This relative motion is the method by which the sun rays are created- and without this relative motion the sun rays can't be created even if the available energy is sufficient- the next point will explained this fact in details- but – here – I want to say-the relative motion is not required for the sun nuclear fusion theory- the sun position in the space and its data proportionality has NO effect on the sun nuclear fusion process- but the sun position and data have great effect on the relative motion by which the sun rays is created- for that the sun position and data proves the sun rays is not created by any nuclear fusion process but by the gravitational waves motions energies- the next example explains this meaning

Example No.(1)

We See The Sun Disc= The Moon Disc tat enable the total solar eclipse to be occurred because

The sun diameter / the moon diameter= Earth orbital distance/ Earth moon distance

Why does the diameters rate equal = the distances rate?

Example No.(2)

4900 mkm (Jupiter orbital circumference) = 1.39 mkm (the sun diameter) x 3475 km =12104 km x 406000 km = 12756 km x 384000 km = 6792 km x 2 x 363000 km

3475 km = the moon diameter 12104 km = Venus diameter

12756 km = The Earth diameter 6792 km = Mars diameter

363000 km, 384000 km and 406000 km are the distances between the Earth and its moon in perigee, orbital distance and apogee radiuses respectively

The proportionality between the sun position and data with the other planets data is found to form accurate design for the relative motion by which The Sun Rays Are Produced.

Clearly this data proportionality has no role in the nuclear fusion process

4- The Sun Rays Production Details (A Summary)

How Is The Sun Rays Created? let's remember the new article

This Is Extraordinary: Gravity Can Create Light, All on Its Own

The article tells the gravitational waves can move by the speed of light and can produce a light beam- and- I claim - The sun is Not doing nuclear fusion to produce its rays- instead the sun rays are produced based on this method by the gravitational waves motions - And

I have proved the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies and not by the sun gravitational field- now- if the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies how can these gravitational waves move by speed of light and how can produce a light beam?

The sun rays production process depend on three basic features which are

(1st Feature) The Storing And Accumulation Of The Motion Energy

And

(2nd Feature) The Relative Motion Between The Wave And The Sun Point Of Space

(3rd Feature) The Wave Reflection In The Solar System

Let's summarize how these three features work

(1st Feature) The Storing And Accumulation Of The Motion Energy

The planets motions energies are unified into one unified wave (one unified energy) and this wave energy is increased during the time by the energy accumulation-let's explain that the planets velocities total is 205.8 km/s, means, the planets motions for one second produce one wave moves by a velocity 205.8 km/s- now- during one hour this energy will be increased 60 times and the velocity should be 12348 km/s– means- the energy is accumulated during a period of time to produce the required sufficient energy which enable the gravitational waves to move by speed of light-

But

How can that be possible?

The planets motions use different rates of time-

These rates of time enable the gravitational wave to increase its energy greatly and that causes to increase the wave velocity-

The gravitational wave moves by speed of light uses the rate of time (1=1461) means One second of the sun clock = 1461 seconds of the gravitational wave clock

The wave velocity is 205.8 km/s and during 1461 seconds moves 300000 km/s but the sun clock moves in this period only one second and by that the relative motion shows a distance = 300000 km in a period = one second which is (speed of light)- that shows how the gravitational wave can move by speed of light (relative to the sun)

The solar system secret is the using of the rates of time because by it the energy can be accumulated till be massive energy sufficient to produce a light beam

The 3rd branch hypothesis explains in details how the rates of time be created and how be used to produce the required massive energy

(2nd Feature) The Relative Motion Between The Wave And The Sun Point Of Space

The sun rays is created by a relative motion is done by two players (the gravitational wave and the sun point of space)- the gravitational wave moves by speed of light (300000 km/s) and the sun point of space moves by 1 km/s- now-let's ask– how can the sun point of space move by this velocity 1 km/s? the space is NOT static but moving as the sea of water – how can we find a stationary point on the sea of water?

The sun point of space moves by 1 km/s and this is the only one point in the solar system moves by this velocity because this point is created to be used as the place for the sun – How Is This Point Created?

Let's see the process in following…

The planets revolve around a point in space (any point in space), The revolution creates two velocities on both sides of the revolution- the two velocities are equal in value opposite in direction and by that the total be Zero –

Means- the revolution design creates A Stationary Point in the revolution center

By that the sun point (1 km/s) is created by the planets revolution around it

By the sun point creation, the relative motion is created, and this relative motion has two players- the gravitational wave motion (1st player) and the sun point of space (2nd player)

We understand, the planets motions energies are unified into one unified wave, and this is the gravitational wave moves relative to the sun point of space- here we have the two players of the relative motion- the wave moves by speed of light (300000 km/s) and the sun point of space moves by 1 km/s (stationary point)

The Relative Motion Nature

The relative motion has many important discussion points

(1st Point)

The traditional wave moves by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) we understand that the wave can't move by speed greater than this one- means- the gravitational wave moves by speed of light and this speed can't be accelerated

(2nd Point)

The sun point of space moves by 1 km/s- No other point in space moves by this velocity-

(3rd Point)

The relative motion creates a difference in velocities equal = 300000 km/s = speed of light

That's why the wave should move relative to the sun point of space and not to any other point of space- because- the different velocity 300000 km/s can be produced only with the sun point of space (stationary point)-

Shortly- the wave moves by speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and this motion can produce a different velocity =300000 km/s only if the motion is done relative to a stationary point (the sun point moves by 1 km/s)- if the different velocity is less than speed of light (C=300000 km/s) No light beam can be created- why? because the wave is reflected in the solar system and the wave reflection causes to square its velocity- now – if the different velocity equal speed of light (C=300000km/s), the reflection of energy will produce (C^2) and this value can produce the light beam

Means- if the wave moves relative to any other point of space (moves by velocity faster than 1 km/s) in this case the different velocity will be less than speed of light (C=300000 km/s) and when the energy is reflected and the wave velocity is squared the value (C^2) will not be produced and by that No light beam is created

(3rd Feature) The Wave Reflection In The Solar System

The wave reflection is discussed in details in the branch hypothesis No. (2)- the reflection of energy does one useful result for the wave motion which is (the velocity squaring) because by this feature the speed of light (C=300000 km/s) can be squared and produce the value (C^2) from which the light beam can be produced- the second branch hypothesis proves the reflection of energy causes to square the wave velocity- this is the most important feature in the reflection of energy and the most useful one for the solar system motion-

4- The Paper Four Branch Hypotheses

The paper provides four branch hypotheses- These hypotheses aim to explain each planet role in The Sun Rays Production Process- the hypotheses explanations provide their proves and discussions

Preface

1st Branch Hypothesis

The planets motions energies are transported among the planets and the energy transportation cause the motion transportation also- the energy smooth and easy transportation among the planets is the major requirement to produce the sun rays- because- Planet energy is so small and the sun rays energy is so massive and for that the planets motions energies total should be unified together in one unified energy- If this unification of energy is not occurred No light beam can be produced- the energy unification can be performed only if the energy transportation is simple and easy

The planets motions energies are unified together in Pluto orbit and then this unified energy is sent (reflected) toward Venus.

One planet only prevents the energy transportation- this planet is Neptune-

For that a fierce conflict is found between the four planets (Pluto- Neptune- Uranus- Saturn) and this conflict aims to send the energy from Pluto to Saturn and the process is done and the energy is sent from Pluto to Saturn but after a very hard war- we study this war in details with the hypothesis explanation.

2nd Branch Hypothesis

The energy is transported among the planets by the energy reflection- means- the gravitational waves are reflected in the solar system and by this reflection the energy is sent from a planet to another- the reflection of energy causes changes in the physical properties of the gravitational waves – specifically- the energy reflection causes to square the velocities- means- the gravitational wave velocity after the reflection equals square its velocity before the reflection- also – there are other changes in data done by the reflection of energy – we have to study the reflection of energy in details to be able to discover the transported energy from a point to another.

The energy is reflected in the solar system three times – two times in the outer planets and one time in the inner planets- we study that in details in the hypothesis explanation-

3rd Branch Hypothesis

Planet motion energy is so small energy and the sun rays is massive energy- for that- the planets store their motions energies during long period of time to produce the required sufficient massive energy-

The energy storing is done by use different rates of time for the planets and the waves motions– specifically- the gravitational waves move by speed of light use the rate of time (1=1461)- but- the gravitational waves which produce a light beam uses the rate of time (1=1461^2)- the sun rays rate of time is produced by the motions of five planets which are (Saturn- Jupiter- The Earth- The moon- Mars)- the hypothesis explains in details how the motion energy is accumulated and stored by these rates of time-

Notice –

we understand that the solar system is one machine and all planets motions are used in the sun rays rate of time creation- specifically- the solar system motion depends on Mercury Clock- but- the referred five planets motions are the Major motions in the sun rays rate of time creation-

4th Branch Hypothesis

The light beam creation depends on a relative motion- means- a motion is done between two defined players which are- the gravitational wave and the sun point of space- the gravitational wave moves by speed of light (300000 km/s) and the sun point of space moves by 1 km/s- Shortly- a geometrical design is created to enable this relative motion to be occurred because by this relative motion the sun rays are created (Point no.4 explained how this relative motion causes to produce the sun rays)

The three planets (Mercury- Venus and the moon) use their motions to create the design of this relative motion- Specifically- Venus is the designer engineer for this relative motion because Venus reflects the energy toward Mars and defines its motion trajectory relative to the sun point of space-

It's very important to understand what's happening here- the sun point of space is the only point in the solar system moves by velocity 1 km/s- and Venus reflects the gravitational wave energy toward Mars and defines its motion trajectory angle relative to the sun point of space by that the wave moves relative to the sun point of space and Not relative to any other point- by that the light beam will be produced by this relative motion – this relative motion is the reason behind the planet day period definition- Planet day period is a geometrical feature found to enable to create this relative motion between the wave and the sun point of space- Venus is the Engineer creates the geometrical design for this relative motion between the sun and the wave is created.

NOTICE No. (1)

The four branch hypotheses aim to show each planet role in the sun rays creation process -and we understand that

The three planets (Mercury – Venus and The moon) creates the relative motion design which should be considered The Light Beam Production Machine

Means- these three planets use the sent energy to create the light beam- they create the machine by which the motion energy can produce a light beam -And

The five planets (Saturn- Jupiter- the Earth – The Moon- Mars) use their motions to store and accumulate the motion energy in one wave till this wave energy be so massive energy and sufficient to produce the sun rays- And

The four planets (Pluto- Neptune- Uranus- Saturn) have conflict with Neptune because Neptune prevented the energy transportation from Pluto to Saturn – the conflict produced the transportation of the energy from Pluto to Saturn

NOTICE No. (2)

The four hypotheses provides detailed analysis for the gravitational wave energy and its motion through the solar system- and by this analysis we will be able to know the facts and properties of the wave energy- for example- we will know that the gravitational wave velocity through the orbits of the planets (Pluto- Neptune- Uranus) is 205.8 km/s but the gravitational wave moves through Saturn orbit with speed 300000 km/s (C= speed of light) and the speed will be (C^2) in Mars orbit.

The four hypotheses explanations and discussions will give us very good vision about how the gravitational wave is produced and how the energy is accumulated in it and how this energy produces the light beam while we see this wave moves from a planet orbit to another and by that we see the effects of each planet on it and the wave energy effect on each planet- the four hypotheses discussions is very useful to see the real geometrical design of the solar system.

NOTICE No. (3)

Neptune is the solar system enemy because it prevents the energy transportation among the planets and also prevent to produce the sun rays by other methods we should study in the four hypotheses explanations.

The Branch Hypotheses Explanation

Preface

Planet Velocity Analysis

The Solar System Creation Theory

The Planets Motions Use Different Rates Of Time

Is there a proof for Time-Axis Motion?

Item No. 1 Planet Velocity Definition

Planet velocity definition is important point of study because many planet data is defined based on its velocity- specifically

Planet diameter is defined based on the rate (v1/v2) by my planet diameter equation –discussed later – and

Planet orbital distance is defined by the rate (v1/v2)^2 –and

Planet orbital period is defined by the rate (v1/v2)^3

Please note – Kepler stated (Planet orbit defines its velocity) and it's fact proved by the planets data – but Newton stated Planet motion depends on its mass- this is NOT Fact and Planet velocity is defined without any effect of its mass as the data shows

(I have refuted Newton theory of the sun gravity and his theory for mass gravity)

Now – let's ask - How Is Planet Velocity Defined?

Planet velocity is defined by Five Rules let's see them in following

(i) First Rule

v1v2 = constant= 322 (my 5th equation)

47.4 km/s (Mercury velocity) x 6.8 km/s (Mercury velocity) =322

35 km/s (Venus velocity) x 4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) x 2 =322

29.8 km/s (The Earth velocity) x 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocity) x 2 =322

24.1 km/s (Mars velocity) x 13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity) =322 (Max error 2%)

The rule (v1v2=322) tells the velocities are defined in pairs and not individually, each planet velocity has its own complementary- the rule tells the velocities are reflected on one another- the reflection of energy and data is discussed later.

In this rule we interest for the constant (322)- let's ask- why the constant = 322?

The constant 322 depends on the speed 1.16 million km per second because

(1160000 seconds = 322 hours) - Means

Mercury (47.4 km/s) moves in 6.8 hours a distance = 1.16 million km and

Uranus (6.8 km/s) moves in 47.4 hours a distance = 1.16 million km

Shortly -we realize that the constant 322 is produced based on the speed 1.16 million km per second- means- the planets velocities are complementary each other because they are defined as functions in this same speed 1.16 million km per second

(This is similar to electron and positron are produced from Gamma ray, The two particles depend on Gamma energy in their masses)

Based On This Data

I concluded there's a light beam its speed 1.16 million km per second and from this light beam energy the solar system is created- and the planets velocities are defined as functions in this speed 1.16 million km per second and that causes the velocities to be complementary each other-

(Note the speed 1.16 million km per second is proved strongly in my paper)

(ii) Second Rule

v1v2 = 1

The velocity here uses the solar day (86400 seconds) – let's prove that-

Mercury moves per solar day = 4.095 million km

Venus moves per solar day = 3.024 million km

The Earth moves per solar day = 2.574 million km

The Moon moves per solar day = 2.4 million km

Mars moves per solar day = 2.082 million km

Jupiter moves per solar day = 1.1318 million km

Saturn moves per solar day = 0.838 million km

Uranus moves per solar day = 0.5875 million km

Neptune moves per solar day = 0.4665 million km

Pluto moves per solar day = 0.406 million km

AND

0.406 (Pluto velocity) x 2.4 (the moon velocity) = 1 (error 2.5%)

0.4665 (Neptune velocity) x 2.082 (Mars velocity) = 1 (error 2.5%)

0.5875 (Uranus velocity) x 3.024 (Venus velocity)/1.772 = 1 (error 2.5%)

0.838 (Saturn velocity) x 1.1318 (Jupiter velocity) = 1 (error 5%)

(1.772 = π^1/2)

The second rule tells very similar meaning (v1v2= constant= 1)

The data uses the velocities per solar day for that the constant is changed from 322 into 1 but the rule is the same- (v1v2= Constant)

I want to say- the rule (v1v2 = Constant) tells that (The Velocities Are Reflected On Each Other) this conclusion is simple one (A x 1/A= constant=1)

The rule proves the energy is reflected in the solar system and this reflection has effect on the planets data and for that the planets velocities are defined by this energy reflection and the velocities are produced complementary each other as a result.

Notice

The second rule causes confusion because the complementary player is changed- for example Pluto is complementary with Venus (in the first rule 35 x 4.7 x 2 = 322) but Pluto is complementary with the Earth moon in the second rule (0.406 x 2.4 = 1) that tells the players are changed which is illogical idea- how can we solve this problem?

The third rule solves it – let's see this rule in following

(iii) Third Rule

v1/v2 = 0.8 (based on the planets order)

47.4 km/s (Mercury velocity) x 0.8 = 38 (35 km/s = Venus velocity error 7.25%)

35 km/s (Venus velocity) x 0.8 = 27.78 (The moon velocity)

29.8 km/s (The Earth velocity) x 0.8 = 24.1 (Mars velocity) (error 1%)

24.1 km/s (Mars velocity) x 0.8 = 2 x 9.7 (Saturn velocity)

13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity) x 0.8 = 2 x 5.4 (Neptune velocity) (error 3%)

6.8 km/s (Uranus velocity) x 0.8 = 5.4 (Neptune velocity)

5.4 km/s (Neptune velocity) x 0.8 = 4.3 (Pluto velocity 4.7 the error 7.25%)

Please note

The error 7.25 is found by the rate 1.0725 – that means

47.4 km/s (Mercury velocity) x 0.8 = 38 = 1.0725 x 35 km/s (Venus velocity)

5.4 km/s (Neptune velocity) x 0.8 = 4.3= 4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) / 1.0725

29.8 km/s (Earth velocity) = 27.78 km/s (The moon velocity) x 1.0725

We know the rate 1.0725 is found by Lorentz length contraction effect- and we know this rate has effect on around 40% of all planets data – that's why we see this rate has effect on the planets velocities definition-

Let's remember the question-

In the rule (v1v2=322) we found that Pluto is complementary with Venus because

4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) x 35 km/s (Venus velocity) x 2 = 322

But in the rule (v1v2 =1) we found Pluto is complementary with the moon because

0.406 mkm (Pluto Velocity Daily) x 2.4 mkm (The Moon Velocity Daily) = 1

The question asked – if the planets velocities are defined in pairs complementary each other and not individually how can the players be changed?

The answer tells – the planets velocities are rated by (0.8) based on the planets order means – the moon velocity daily 2.4 mkm = Venus velocity daily 3.024 mkm x 0.8

The rate (0.8) defines all planets velocities depend on each other by order-

Now let's see Planet velocity final definition– because- the definition uses three planets velocities together and not only two – let's put that clearly in following-

(iv) The Planet Velocity Final Definition

(A)

47.4 km/s (Mercury velocity) x 0.8 = 38 km/s (Venus velocity 35 km/s)

Venus moves per solar day 3.024 million km -But

1/3.024 = 0.3307 million km = Uranus moves per solar day 0.5875 million km /1.77

(note 1.77 = π^1/2) and (38 = 35 x 1.0725)

For that

47.4 km/s (Mercury velocity) x 6.8 km/s (Uranus velocity) = 322

(B)

35 km/s (Venus velocity) x 0.8 = 27.78 km/s (The Moon velocity)

The moon moves per solar day 2.4 million km -But

1/2.4 = 0.406 million km = Pluto moves per solar day 0.406 million km

For that

35 km/s (Venus velocity) x 4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) x 2 = 322

(C)

29.8 km/s (The Earth velocity) x 0.8 = 24.1 km/s (Mars velocity)

Mars moves per solar day 2.082 million km -But

1/2.082 = 0.4665 million km = Neptune moves per solar day 0.4665 million km

For that

29.8 km/s (The Earth velocity) x 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocity) x 2 = 322

(D)

13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity) x 0.8= 2 x 5.24km/s (Neptune velocity 5.4 km/s error 3%)

Neptune moves per solar day 0.4665 million km - But

1/0.4665 = 2.082 million km = Mars moves per solar day 2.082 million km

For that

13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity) x 24.1 km/s (Mars velocity) = 322

Shortly

Three planets velocities are defined in each equation- that tells the planet velocity definition is a process more complex than the simple equation (v1v2= constant)

Notice

The 9 planets velocities total is 176 km/s – if we add the Earth moon velocity (29.8 km/s) the total will be 205.8 km/s

The planets velocities are complementary also for this velocity 205.8 km/s – let's see

205.8 km/s = Mercury velocity (47.4 km/s) x Pluto velocity (4.7 km/s) / 1.0725

205.8 km/s = Venus velocity (35 km/s) x Neptune velocity (5.4 km/s) x 1.0725

205.8 km/s = Earth velocity (29.8 km/s) x Uranus velocity (6.8 km/s)

205.8 km/s = Jupiter velocity (13.1 km/s) x Neptune velocity (5.4 km/s) x 3

Mercury velocity = 2 Mars velocity by that Pluto will be used for Mars also

Max error (3%)

Please Note- Saturn is exceptional because

205.8 km/s = 9.7 km/s (Saturn velocity) x 21.4

Where 21.4 hours = 2 x 10.7 hours (Saturn rotation period) -Means- the distance is passed by all planets motions in one hour equal the distance is passed by Saturn in 2 rotation periods (21.4 hours) that tells more analysis is required for Saturn velocity- as we should do later.

A QUESTION

(Why Is The Rate (0.8) Used To Define Each Planet Velocity Based On Its neighbor?) Kepler stated (Planet orbit defines its velocity) and

My planet orbital distance equation proves each planet orbit is defined based on its neighbor – means- my equation uses only 2 neighbor planets orbital distances

Here also-Planet velocity is defined based on its neighbor – means- this connection enabled Kepler to conclude his statement (Planet orbit defines its velocity)

But Why The Rate (0.8)??

The rate (0.8) is found by the energy reflection effect on Planets velocities definition, for that we analyze the energy reflection process deeply in the paper discussion

(v) Fourth Rule

5.9 x 0.8 = 4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) BUT (5.9)^2 = 35 km/s (Venus velocity)

And

6.8 x 0.8 = 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocity) BUT (6.8)^2 = 47.4 km/s (Mercury velocity)

And

8.5 x 0.8 = 6.8 km/s (Uranus velocity) BUT (8.5)^2 = 2 x 35 km/s

And

12.12 x 0.8 = 9.7 km/s (Saturn velocity) BUT (12.12)^2 = 3 x 47.4 km/s

And

16.4 x 0.8 = 13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity) BUT (16.4)^2 = 9 x 29.8 km/s (Earth velocity)

Discussion

The data shows, the inner planets velocities are defined based on the outer planets velocities- that explains how the rules (v1v2=constant) is created

The data is produced by the reflection of energy and that shows why the planets velocities are reflected on each other-

(vi) Fifth Rule (Pluto Velocity Analysis)

DATA

4.7 km /s (Pluto velocity) = 3/2 (π) km /s

And

5.4 km /s (Neptune velocity) x 4.7 km /s (Pluto velocity) = 8π

And

π x 6.8 km/s (Uranus velocity) = 4 x 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocity)

And

4 x (4.7)^2 = 6.8 km/s (Uranus velocity) x 13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity)

And

(4.7)^3 = 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocity) x 9.7 km/s (Saturn velocity) x 2 = (205.8/2)

205.8 = the 9 planets velocities total + the Earth moon velocity

Discussion

The data shows a real puzzle- because- Pluto velocity can't be defined simply by some simple rules –even the previous 4 rules can't define this velocity-

The data shows- The planet velocity is defined by very complex rule more strong than the previous 4 rules (Specifically Pluto velocity)

I want to say- the designer has a reason to define Pluto velocity by some complex system- the planets motions interactions causes this complex system-

The next data can explain better this meaning

More Data

13.1 km/s x 29.8 km/s x 142984 = 47.4 km/s x 9.7 km/s x 120536

13.1 km/s x 9.7 km/s x 142984 = 5.4 km/s x 27.8 km/s x 120536

9.7 km/s x 5.4 km/s x 142984 = 4.7 km/s x 13.1 km/s x 120536

13.1, 29.8, 47.4 km/s are the velocities of Jupiter, The Earth, Mercury respectively

9.7, 5.4, 27.8 km/s are the velocities of Saturn, Neptune, The Moon respectively

4.7 km/s = Pluto velocity

142984 km = Jupiter diameter and 120536 km = Saturn diameter

The data tells the planets velocities are defined by real complex system

(vii) Planet Orbital Inclination Definition

DATA

(Mercury velocity 47.4 km/s) = (Uranus velocity 6.8 km/s) x 7

(Mercury orbital inclination = 7 degrees)

(The Moon velocity 27.8 km/s) = (Neptune velocity 5.4 km/s) x 5.1

(The Moon orbital inclination = 5.1 degrees)

(Mars velocity 24.1 km/s) = (Saturn velocity 9.7 km/s) x 2.5

(Saturn orbital inclination = 2.5 degrees)

(Mars velocity 24.1 km/s) = (Jupiter velocity 13.1 km/s) x 1.9

(Mars orbital inclination = 1.9 degrees)

(Venus velocity 35 km/s) = (Jupiter velocity 13.1 km/s) x 1.3 x 2

(Jupiter orbital inclination = 1.3 degrees)

(Neptune velocity 5.4 km/s) = (Uranus velocity 6.8 km/s) x 0.8

(Uranus orbital inclination = 0.8 degrees)

(Saturn velocity 9.7 km/s) = (Neptune velocity 6.8 km/s) x 1.8

(Neptune orbital inclination = 1.8 degrees)

Discussion The data shows that the planet orbital inclination is defined as a rate between two velocities- but- not no clear rule which planet velocity is used- for example Mercury uses the rule (v1v2=constant because 47.4 x 6.8 = 322 and v1/v2= 47.4/6.8 = 7)

this rule is used almost for the inner planets- but- the outer planets orbital inclinations don't follow this rule- because Neptune is complementary with the Earth but Neptune velocity is used with Uranus and Saturn to define Uranus and Neptune orbital inclinations- means- the rule (v1/v2 = inclination) is used for the inner planets but the outer planets use another rate and almost their orbital inclinations are created based on the rate (v1/v2) defined by my planet diameter equation-

(viii) The Sun Is Created After All Planets Creation And Motion

Let's remember the rule (v1v2= constant =322)

322 = 47.4 km/s (Mercury velocity) x 6.8 km/s (Uranus velocity)

322 = 35 km/s (Venus velocity) x 4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) x 2 (error 2%)

322 = 29.8 km/s (the Earth velocity) x 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocities) x 2

322 = 24.1 km/s (Mars velocity) x 13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity) (error 2%)

322 = (17.9 km/s)^2 (Ceres velocity)

We realize the planets velocities are created in (pairs) and not in single-

Now let's ask (Can We Add One More Planet In The Solar Group?)

Let's imagine we create a new planet and put it after Pluto

(1)

The New Planet Supposed Orbital Distance Is =7000 million km

What's this new planet velocity? we define it by kepler law, its velocity is 4.3 km/s

This planet motion distance per solar day =0.373 million km and its orbital period is 116300 solar days –

Now– what's its complementary planet by of the rule (v1v2= constant =322),

(322 =4.3 x 75), means, the planet complementary velocity is 75 km/s

Where can we find a planet its velocity 75 km/s? this planet must be in the distance between the Sun and Mercury –

This planet orbital distance would be 23.2 million km where

(57.9/23.2) = (75/47.4)^2 where

(57.9 million km = Mercury Orbital Distance) and (47.4 km/s = Mercury velocity)

Shortly – to add one more planet after Pluto that forces us to put a complementary planet between Mercury and the Sun- clearly this is a complex process because the distance between the Sun and Mercury is short and no planet can be added in it!

The conclusion– No New Planet Can Be Added In The Solar System

But how the found planets are added?

Shortly- The Sun is created after all planets creation and motion- means – after all planets be on their orbits the Sun is created- means- technically- the Sun existence prevents to add any more planet to the solar system and also the sun prevents any planet to change its orbit – that proves the sun is created after all planets creation and motion.

Notice

Mars original orbit was between Venus and Mercury and Mars had migrated to its current orbit behind the Earth (before the sun creation), but, because of the sun existence Mars couldn't return to its original orbit- that proves- Mars is found before the sun creation- and that supports the conclusion tells (the sun is created after all planets creation and motion) Mars Migration is proved in point no. (**)

(ix) Can A Motion By Speed Of Light Be Found In The Solar System?

300000 = (205.8)^2 x 7.1

Where

The 9 planets velocities total 176 km/s and I add the Earth moon velocity 29.8 km/s the total be 205.8 km/s - the unified wave velocity (205.8 km/s) proves the fact.

7.1 is Lorentz length contraction effect produced by speed 99% of speed of light-

Shortly

The unified wave velocity (205.8 km/s) is defined as a function in the speed of light (300000 km/s) and that explains how the unified wave moves by this speed because the unified wave velocity is 205.8 km/s and the reflection of energy causes to square the velocity to be (205.8 km/s)^2 and by Lorentz length contraction effect (7.1) the velocity be equal 300000 km/s (speed of light) explaining that the unified wave velocity (205.8 km/s) is defined as a function in the speed of light

ALSO

The previous data refers to the use of the rates of time- where

The unified wave (205.8 km/s) moves in 1461 seconds a distance 300000 km while One Second of The Sun Clock = 1461 Seconds of The Wave Clock

Means- The unified wave passes 300000 km in 1461 seconds but the Sun clock sees this period (1461seconds) as (one second only) and by that the sun sees a distance 300000 km is passed in one second producing speed = 300000 km/s (speed of light)

That explains how the gravitational wave can move by speed of light in the solar system.

NOTICE NO. (1)

Lorentz length contraction effect for a velocity 99% of speed of light (297000 km/s) is (7.1) as seen in the equation but the solar system uses this rate with modification

(7.1/100)+ 1 = 1.0725

And this final rate (1.0725) controls 40% of all planets data (distances, periods, axial tilts and other data)- this effect is a proof for the motion by high velocity because this rate (1.0725) controls 40% of all data in the solar system and no explanation except Lorentz length contraction effect- let's see examples of data

Example No. (1)

(28.3/26.7)=(26.7/25.2)= (25.2/23.4)=(122.5/113.4)=(97.8/91.3)= 1.0725

The values (28.3 degrees, 26.7 degrees, 25.2 degrees, 23.4 degrees) are the axial tilts of (Neptune, Saturn, Mars and the Earth) respectively –

The values (122.5 degrees, 97.8 degrees) are the axial tilts of Pluto and Uranus

113.4 degrees =90 deg +23.4 deg and 91.3 deg =90 deg+ 1.3 deg (Jupiter orbital inclination)

Example No. (2)

(243/224.7) = (29.53/27.3) = (27.3/25.4)= 1.0725 –where

243 days = Venus Rotation Period

224.7 days = Venus Orbital Period

27.3 days = The Moon Orbital Period

29.53 days = The Moon Day Period

25.4 days = The Sun Rotation Period (At Equator)

The data shows the consistency between Venus and the moon cycles periods

Example No. (3)

(778.6/721)=(721/670)= (670/629)=(1433/1325)=(1284/1205)= (2872/2644)= 1.0725

These are distances measured in millions km – let's define them

778.6, 721, 670 and 629 are the distances between Jupiter and the sun, Mercury, Venus and the Earth respectively.

1433, 1325, 1284, 1025 are the distances between Saturn and the sun, Venus, the Earth and Mars respectively.

2872 and 2644 are the distances between Uranus and the sun and Mars respectively.

AND 629 million km (The Earth Jupiter distance)= (1.0725)^2 x 551 million km (Jupiter Mars Distance) AND 4495.1 million km (Neptune Orbital Distance) =1.0725 x 2 x 2094 million km (Jupiter Uranus Distance) AND 5906 million km (Pluto Orbital Distance)= (1.0725)^2 x 5127 million km (Jupiter Pluto Distance) AND 5127 million km (Jupiter Pluto Distance)= (1.0725)^2 x 4437 million km (Mercury Neptune Distance) AND 2.574 million km (Earth motion distance daily) = 1.0725 x 2.4 million km (TheMoon Orbital Circumference)

NOTICE NO. (2)

In Lorentz transformations study- there's a question asks (Can particle own data and dimensions be changed by the high velocity motion?)

Shortly- Lorentz transformation tells– if a particle moves by high velocity motion- this particle own length will be contracted and its time will be dilated and its mass will be increased- these changes are defined by Lorentz transformations and we know these are real changes in this particle own data - BUT Some researchers tell No Real Changes are done for the particle data but they are illusions of measurements (means Lorentz transformations measure illusions) -I refuse this opinion - BECAUSE

The Physics Is The Measurements Science And What's Measured Is The Fact

If no real changes are done how the problem of Michelson and Morelly experiment is solved?- also- we can't understand why the synchronous events in one frame can't be synchronous in another (as Einstein stated) where no change is found for any data- the distances are Not contracted nor the time is dilated nor the mass is increased why the events can NOT be synchronous in any frame?

If the particle own data are measured correctly while it moves by my motion velocity and these measurements are suffered from illusions because the particle moves by high velocity motion relative to my motion velocity that means (I'm the universe reference point)

We notice- Lorentz length contraction equation can't distinguish between particle length and a distance, both can be contracted by the same one equation- that supports my theory tells (The Matter And The Space Are Created From The Same Energy)– If the space is similar to the sea of water the matter will be similar to a whirlpool (or vortex) on the sea page- both the matter and space are created from the same one energy- that gives chance to change the matter dimensions by its motion

My planet diameter equation proves the planet diameter is created depending on its velocity- means- for example– Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s- this fact is proved by my Equation strongly - that tells the motion has effect on the matter dimensions and data definition which supports the same meaning of Lorentz transformation.

(x) Planet Orbit Defines Its Velocity- BUT- Why?

Kepler stated (Planet Orbit defines its velocity) – what's reason behind this feature? Let's answer in following

DATA

300000 km = 4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) x 3600 x 17.73

5906 s x 300000 km/s = 1773 million km

300000 km = 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocity) x 3600 x 15.43

5144 s x 300000 km/s = 1543 million km ((5144= 4495 x (1.0725)^2)

300000 km = 9.7 km/s (Saturn velocity) x 3600 x 8.6

2870 s x 300000 km/s = 8600 million km

300000 km = 6.8 km/s (Uranus velocity) x 3600 x 12.26

4085 s x 300000 km/s = 1226 million km

300000 km = 13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity) x 3600 x 6.36

2120 s x 300000 km/s = 636 million km

Where

5906 million km = Pluto Orbital Distance

4495 million km = Neptune Orbital Distance

2872 million km = Uranus Orbital Distance = 2 x Saturn Orbital Distance

4900 million km = Jupiter Orbital Circumference

Notice

18048 million km (Uranus Orbital Circumference) = 4.4 x 4085 million km

4900 million km (Jupiter Orbital Circumference) = 2.3 x 2120 million km

4.4 = 2.2 x 2 (with 2.3 the error 5%)

Discussion

The data shows each outer planet velocity is related to its orbital distance by effect of the light motion (300000 km/s)-

Uranus and Jupiter shows the rate 4.4 which related to Jupiter (3.1 deg Jupiter axial tilt + 1.3 deg Jupiter orbital inclination)- the energy is reflected from Uranus to Jupiter that causes the two planets use the same rate.

The data proves the planets motions depend on light motion and explains how the planet orbit defines its velocity

Notice

0.8 = (27.8 /35) = (24.1/29.8) = (10.8/13.1) = (5.4/6.8) = (17.2/21.4) = 19.8/24)

Where

35 km/s = Venus velocity

29.8 km/s = The Earth velocity

27.8 km/s = The moon velocity

13.1 km/s = Jupiter velocity

6.8 km/s = Uranus velocity

5.4 km/s = Neptune velocity note (10.8 = 5.4)

17.2 hours = Uranus Rotation Period

21.4 hours = 2 x 10.7 h Saturn Rotation Period

19.8 hours = 2 x 9.9 h Jupiter Rotation Period

24 hours = The solar day period

The data shows harmony between the planets velocities and their rotation periods

A QUESTION

How is planet velocity created? If the solar system is one light beam and the planets are geometrical points found on this light beam and move by this light beam motion- how can planet velocity be low velocity if the motion reason is the light beam?

The planet creates a rate of time for its motion – for example

One second of the light beam clock = 6330 seconds of Mercury clock- By that the planet moves in the same period a distance equal the light motion distance (CONT)

Gerges Francis Tawdrous +201022532292

Physics Department- Physics & Mathematics Faculty

Peoples' Friendship university of Russia – Moscow (2010-2013)

Curriculum Vitae https://www.academia.edu/s/b88b0ecb7c

E-mail [email protected], [email protected]

[email protected]

ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-7147

Facebook https://www.facebook.com/gergis.tawadrous

VK https://vk.com/id696655587

Tumblr https://www.tumblr.com/blog/itsgerges

Researcherid https://publons.com/researcher/3510834/gerges-tawadrous/

Google https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2Y4ZdTUAAAAJ&hl=en

Livejournal https://gerges2022.livejournal.com/profile

Pocket https://getpocket.com/@646g8dZ0p3aX5Ad1bsTr4d9THjA5p6a5b2fX99zd54g221E4bs76eBdtf6aJw5d0?src=navbar

PUBLICATIONS

box https://app.box.com/s/47fwd0gshir636xt0i3wpso8lvvl8vnv

Academia https://rudn.academia.edu/GergesTawadrous

List of publications http://vixra.org/author/gerges_francis_tawdrous

Slideshare https://www.slideshare.net/Gergesfrancis

4 notes · View notes