#peripheral nervous system

[k-i-l-l-e-r-b-e-e-6-9]

𝔥𝔲𝔪𝔞𝔫 𝔠𝔢𝔫𝔱𝔯𝔞𝔩 𝔞𝔫𝔡 𝔭𝔢𝔯𝔦𝔭𝔥𝔢𝔯𝔞𝔩 𝔫𝔢𝔯𝔳𝔬𝔲𝔰 𝔰𝔶𝔰𝔱𝔢𝔪

𝔰𝔬𝔲𝔯𝔠𝔢: 𝔫𝔢𝔲𝔯𝔬𝔭𝔞𝔱𝔥𝔬𝔩𝔬𝔤𝔶𝔟𝔩𝔬𝔤

[justkidneying]

Q: Are the eyes and optic nerve (aka CN II) part of the central nervous system or peripheral nervous system?

A: CNS

I know we say that the PNS has 12 cranial nerves, but that is false. It has 11 (CNI,CNIII-CNXII). How do we know this? Embryology, my dude (and pathology)

So the eyes come out of the brain around 3 wks after fertilization. They are a diverticulum of the brain (as everything in your body is a diverticulum of something else). The retina and optic nerve come out of the neural ectoderm. The lens comes from the surface ectoderm. If you know embryology, everything in medicine and anatomy will become so much clearer, trust me.

*we are like balloon dogs, just one long tube that got twisted around a bunch*

Anyways, pathologically, we can tell that the eyes are part of the CNS as well. What does Multiple Sclerosis do? It demyelinates the CNS....and the optic nerve. What does Guillian-Barre do? It demyelinates the PNS...but not the optic nerve.

So why do we call the optic nerves...nerves when they should be a tract? (remember that axons of the CNS are called tracts, and in the PNS they are called nerves) Honestly, I have no idea. It was probably some dumbass anatomist...and he probably also thought humans have one heart...

[thestorybotsfanlol]

PNS and CNS

PNS=Peripheral Nervous System

CNS=Central Nervous System

Creidts to Amoeba Sisters

[turiyatitta]

The Full Awareness of All Nerves

A Deep Dive into Our Body’s Silent CommunicatorsThe human body, a marvel of nature, operates with a complexity that often goes unnoticed. Central to this intricate system is the network of nerves, the silent communicators orchestrating our every move, thought, and sensation. Let’s embark on a journey to understand these fascinating elements of our biology.Firstly, consider the brain and spinal…

[ecomehdi]

Outstanding Understanding the Nervous System: Parts and Functions 1

Have you ever wondered how your body coordinates all its movements and processes? It’s all thanks to an incredible network known as the nervous system. In this article, we’ll take a journey through the intricate workings of the nervous system, breaking down its parts and unveiling its fascinating functions. The Central Command: Brain and Spinal Cord The brain and spinal cord are the dynamic duo…

[march10]

Watch Annie O'Connor's interview on Can Spasticity and Hypertonia be Mediated by the Peripheral Nervous System on PT Pro Talk Podcast. Spasticity and hypertonia can be mediated by the peripheral nervous system, and treatment for these conditions may involve interventions that target the peripheral nerves and the muscles they innervate.

[bobcat-pie]

[listen-to-the-inner-walrus]

One of the quirks I've found of having functional neurological disorder is the fact that any compression on my fingers leads to numbness and then paralysis.

And that's very fun when you've sprained a finger and are trying to put a brace on it so you don't keep bending it.

Certainly can't bend it when it's paralysed.

[bpod-bpod]

Barrier Breakthrough

Your body contains hundreds of nerves but they can't all regenerate. After injury, peripheral nerves replace damaged sections but nerves in your central nervous system (CNS) can’t. Instead, brain cells called astrocytes cordon off damaged tissue (lesions) to help preserve healthy nerve tissue. These lesions form a barrier, preventing regeneration. Transplants of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), made from stem cells, may help. Researchers investigate by tagging NPCs and transplanting them, via a hydrogel, into uninjured or injured mouse CNS. RNA analysis revealed NPCs in uninjured mice matured into cells resembling healthy astrocytes, while NPCs in injured mice matured into cells resembling ‘reactive’ astrocytes, which arise after injury to partition off lesions. Fluorescence microscopy of injured CNS (pictured) revealed that adding NPCs (right) reduced lesion size (magenta) and helped bridge lesions via astrocytes (green) compared with injured CNS without NPCs (left) or only hydrogel (middle). The injury microenvironment, therefore, directs NPCs towards wound repair.

Written by Lux Fatimathas

Image from work by T. M. O’Shea and colleagues

Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Image originally published with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Published in Nature Communications, September 2022

You can also follow BPoD on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook

[ear-motif]

the visions are strong tonight. its time for my buddy randall tier to step in

[natpetersoncore]

what they don’t warn you about when you major in something is how incredibly irritated you get when media gets something about it wrong

[k-i-l-l-e-r-b-e-e-6-9]

𝔗𝔥𝔢 𝔠𝔢𝔫𝔱𝔯𝔞𝔩 𝔞𝔫𝔡 𝔭𝔢𝔯𝔦𝔭𝔥𝔢𝔯𝔞𝔩 𝔫𝔢𝔯𝔳𝔬𝔲𝔰 𝔰𝔶𝔰𝔱𝔢𝔪𝔰, 𝔯𝔢𝔪𝔬𝔳𝔢𝔡 𝔣𝔯𝔬𝔪 𝔱𝔥𝔢 𝔟𝔬𝔡𝔶.

ℑ𝔪𝔞𝔤𝔢 𝔠𝔬𝔲𝔯𝔱𝔢𝔰𝔶 𝔬𝔣 𝔱𝔥𝔢 𝔅𝔬𝔡𝔶 𝔚𝔬𝔯𝔩𝔡𝔰 𝔈𝔵𝔥𝔦𝔟𝔦𝔱.

[wellandable]

Revolutionizing Manual Therapy: The Rise of Dermoneuromodulation

Introduction: Manual therapy has undergone a transformation in recent years, with the emergence of innovative approaches like Dermoneuromodulation (DNM). Initially conceptualized by Diane Jacobs and further developed by practitioners like Michael Reoch, DNM represents a paradigm shift in how we understand and treat pain through the interaction of the nervous system and the skin.

Understanding Dermoneuromodulation (DNM): DNM, derived from "Dermo" (skin), "Neuro" (nervous system), and "Modulation" (change), focuses on altering the activity of the nervous system using gentle skin-based techniques. Unlike traditional manual therapy methods, DNM emphasizes creating a safe environment with minimal side effects, making it a valuable adjunct or standalone approach in pain management.

The Evolution of Manual Therapy: Reflecting on the evolution of manual therapy, practitioners have transitioned from conventional biomechanical models towards a deeper understanding of neurology and pain mechanisms. This shift, epitomized by the introduction of DNM, highlights the importance of considering the role of peripheral nerves and cutaneous sensations in therapeutic interventions.

Exploring the Nervous System: An integral aspect of DNM is its focus on the sensory nervous system, which often receives insufficient attention in traditional training programs. Understanding the intricate network of cutaneous nerves and their role in conveying external stimuli is crucial for effective communication with the nervous system and addressing pain.

Unveiling the Truth About Pain: Central to DNM is a nuanced understanding of pain, which goes beyond nociception to encompass cognitive, emotional, and sensory components. By acknowledging pain as a complex phenomenon, manual therapists can employ techniques like DNM to provide novel stimuli and facilitate self-correction within the nervous system.

Harnessing the Power of Manual Therapy: DNM offers several mechanisms through which it can alleviate pain and improve function. By providing new feedback to the nervous system, enhancing vascular function, and promoting comfort-inducing positions, DNM aims to modulate pain responses and restore optimal nervous system function.

The Essence of Dermoneuromodulation: At its core, DNM is an interactive and light form of manual therapy that empowers patients to play an active role in their healing journey. By fostering effective communication and utilizing gentle techniques, DNM practitioners aim to create positive changes in pain perception and motor function.

Conclusion: As manual therapy continues to evolve, approaches like Dermoneuromodulation offer promising avenues for addressing pain and optimizing patient outcomes. By embracing the principles of DNM and incorporating them into clinical practice, therapists can revolutionize their approach to pain management and enhance the well-being of their patients.

Audience: This blog post is relevant to any licensed manual therapist interested in exploring innovative approaches to pain management and improving their understanding of the nervous system's role in therapeutic interventions.

[vijayadworld]

MendelsLaws

HereditaryTraits

ScienceOfInheritance

MendelianInheritance

GeneticDiscoveries

BiologyLessons

MendelsPrinciples

GeneticsEducation

HereditaryScience

Central Nervous System And Peripheral Nervous System Notes

[the-jellydex]

(via Neuropeptide expression in the box jellyfish Tripedalia cystophora—New insights into the complexity of a “simple” nervous system)

//NO WAY THIS IS LITERALLY THE BEST THING I'VE EVER READ-

[alostwanderernotfound]

Why do sometimes really weird & unexplainable things kind of happen?

Looking at the Theoretical Intersection between Anatomy & Physiology & Electronics

***This is coming from the perspective of attempting to explain (in the most simple ways possible) how foreign advanced technology possibly “hacks” the foundations of organic life. ***

Our bodies are composed of nerves. When electricity goes from one nerve and travels to another nerve then an action occurs. When something in our environment is sensed (like hearing a noise) our organs are able to sense the information & produce electricity to carry that information back to the brain to be processed.

Anatomically we have the brain, the spinal cord, our sensory organs, cranial nerves, and “all the other individually named nerves” that branch off of those.

(There is further differentiation between central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, & autonomic, and other ways to differentiate in anatomy and physiology, but for simplicity this is how I will refer to it).

Cranial nerves are differentiated out on the list in comparison to “other nerves” because they are a specific list of major nerves that do very important & essential functions in the body.

So, nerves act as a path for electricity to follow. This electricity can produce voluntary action or involuntary actions.

Choosing to raise your hand we consider voluntary action produced by the nervous system. When something occurs without your conscious choice & occurs automatically, it is considered an involuntary action of the nervous system. For example, your heart beating would be an involuntary action.

Nerves have gaps between them & in this space neurotransmitters are released. Neurotransmitters are chemicals with the ability to cause another nerve to have an action. Neurotransmitters have different actions at different places in the body. After neurotransmitters are released they stay in this space until they are broken down by the body. The body breaks down the neurotransmitters and attempts to recycle the components to be used to make other things in the body.

Our bodies are able to use electricity because of many processes, but one major one is because we store electrolytes. Our organs and tissues use electrolytes like Sodium and Potassium to create electrical charge. This “electrical spark” causes electricity to generate so that it can be conducted through the nerves.

The human body is very complex & requires more than just electricity to function due to many components of its design, but each neuron as an individual unit is incredibly similar functionally to wires bundled into computer cables.

How does this process intersect with technology?

If someone were to attempt to hurt you with insidiously with technology it could create A LOT of very weird experiences.

If you know how to electrically stimulate parts of the body, like if you put an electrical stimulator/microchip/or another component that alters electricity in someone’s nervous system you could do a lot of weird things that people with no medical background would struggle to explain.

Machinery causing electrical impulses or “shocks” to be sent to certain part of the brain can produce many effects.

If someone sent electrical impulses down the cranial nerves it would produce a wide range of effects.

If certain cranial nerves were stimulated by someone controlling a technological component then someone could cause your body to involuntarily do the following by stimulating one of the 12 cranial nerves with electricity:

Involuntarily, as if your body moved on its own, you could feel the following:

> Your eyes to move in a certain direction, like your eyes are “locking on” to an object. Similar to how a computer program is able to “lock on” to a target

> Cause your vocal cords to move even when your mouth isn’t open

>Jaw movement & other motions of the face

>cause vertigo/dizziness/altered proprioception or your sense of orientation in space. So a lot of the symptoms of being inebriated

>control of your tongue muscles

> ***Vagus nerve or cranial nerve 10 does a lot, tampering with it could do a lot of weird things *** Possibly weird respiratory and/or internal organ symptoms like shortness of breath, changes in swallowing like dysphagia, vocal hoarseness, & many other possible and serious side effects

> Specific neck movements & turns of the head

You could also produce the sensations in someone of:

>hearing voices that aren’t there or altered processing, they talk but it’s like you can’t understand

>hearing sounds that aren’t there or altered hearing

>seeing images that aren’t there or altered sight

>smelling things that aren’t there or altered smell

>feeling things that aren’t there or altered feeling

>tasting things that aren’t there or altered taste

All of these actions and the degree to which you could “control it” would vary. Some of these are more technically complex to do, but at the most basic level “micromovements” from even just these few nerves are highly likely.

Our bodies have more than just electricity that contribute to our ability to do voluntary control as a defensive system to prevent these types of tampering events from occurring, but I think on a basic level it would still be possible to do some of these micromovements.

Without a lot of technological advancement required, the most worrying to me is a combination of seizures (which can occur when you just overload something with electricity) and/or lots of trauma producing something similar to disassociation & making people hear voices. It unfortunately often produces a mind control like feeling where other people attempt to control and/or influence your behavior.

I think in the quest for mind control, some very bad people use these types of things to hurt other people & technological advancements in subliminal messaging have greatly hurt the world through our time.

In order to fix things I think we must first understand them.