#mountain spleenwort

[thebotanicalarcade]

n9_w1150 by Biodiversity Heritage Library Via Flickr: Ferns: British and exotic... London,Groombridge and Sons,1856-60. biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34768074

[girlinlovewiththeforest]

[vandaliatraveler]

A short hike on the Rattlesnake Trail from the main overlook to Rock City is a great way to get up close and personal with the ancient geology of Coopers Rock State Forest and the Cheat River Canyon. The bedrock of the canyon is part of the Pottsville Formation and consists of sandstone, limestone, shale, and bituminous coal. The most prominent feature along the Rattlesnake Trail is upper Connoquenessing sandstone, a fine to moderate-grained sandstone that is resistant to erosion. This rock group formed during the Pennsylvanian Period about 300 million years ago when the current area was a swampy river delta located south of the equator. When you touch these rock faces, you’re literally connecting with earth’s primeval past. The great boulder fields and rock channels of Cheat River Canyon are endlessly fascinating to me, not only for their geological significance, but also for the animal and plants uniquely adapted to live in the rocky habitat, such as mountain spleenwort (Asplenium montanum).

[frolicingintheforest]

Mountain Spleenwort (Asplenium montanum)

[blackswallowtailbutterfly]

I just...want to work in the garden and do nothing else. Stop only to eat and pee. I go in when the daylight’s done. And then all I want to do is look at more plants I can order and talk about my garden. All my plants are native to Ontario or nearby. All with edible parts except one. So. Plant species I have/am getting this year are:

001. Achillea millefolium (common yarrow) The red-flowered cultivar seems to have died over the winter, but the non-cultivar is growing strong and is also creeping past the stone border to become one with the grass. lol

002. Actaea racemosa (black snakeroot/black cohosh) Next weekend!

003. Agastache foeniculum (anise hyssop) Literally migrated from the place I planted it to a place it likes better, I guess. As in, there is no plant where I planted, but there is an anise hyssop in another part of that bed. You do you.

004. Allium canadense (meadow garlic/Canada garlic) Spreading slowly but reliably and super tasty.

005. Allium cernuum (nodding onion) It has flowered each year--this is year 4--but hasn’t spread at all. Very tasty, and I’ve bought some friends to help it along.

006. Allium schoenoprasum (chives/wild chives) Absolutely yum and doing very well.

007. Allium stellatum (prairie onion/autumn onion) Hopefully coming by the end of this month!

008. Allium tricoccum (ramps/wild leek) It will be quite some time before it even makes flowers which hopefully let it spread, so I won’t be able to reap the benefits for a while. But, both plants did come up this year and have now died back as expected. Hopefully they’ll continue to come up.

009. Amelanchier canadensis (Canadian serviceberry) Caterpillars. Are. EATING IT. Gypsy moth caterpillars. This is going to be a problem for some time until they pupate, I guess. Plant’s generally okay, though. I won’t be getting fruit anytime soon, though.

010. Anaphalis margaritacea (pearly everlasting) Very healthy plants keeping the sunflowers under some control. This spring was my first year eating the shoots. Can’t say anything about the taste specifically, as they went into a pasta sauce, but that sauce was delicious.

011. Andromeda polifolia (bog rosemary) Next weekend!

012. Aquilegia brevistyla (smallflower columbine) Growing very well, more flowers this year. Next year I’ll eat some (flowers, only the flowers are edible).

013. Aquilegia canadensis (Canada columbine/red columbine) Flower stalk doesn’t seem as tall this year, but it still has a lot of flowers. They’re a lovely refreshing sweet snack (just the flowers).

014. Arabis alpina (alpine rockcress) Next weekend! I had one last year, but it didn’t survive the winter. The poor thing was so root-bound there was no soil in the pot, so I’m not surprised it didn’t make it. Hopefully the new one will be in better condition.

015. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (bearberry/kinnikinnick/pinemat manzanita) Not doing great and I’m not sure why. That area is reasonably well-drained and it gets part sun, part shade. Oh well. Maybe I’ll move it to the hill in the back. It seemed to like the hill I had it on at my old apartment.

016. Argentina anserina (silverweed cinquefoil) Hopefully coming by the end of this month!

017. Arisaema triphyllum (jack-in-the-pulpit) It came up! I was sure it had died last year. But no, it’s fine. Male this year. Hopefully female next year (I’m trying to see if the berries can be dried into edibility like the corms, and if they can I want to make jam or something with them).

018. Armeria maritima (thrift sea-pink) Drooping! It’s a drought-tolerant plant that will die if over-watered so I don’t water it more than once a week and I don’t water deeply, but it’s been hot so maybe it needs more or maybe I managed to overwater it anyway. Frick. Flowering very nicely though.

019. Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry) Doing just fine. No flowers and I don’t expect them for another couple of years at least, but it’s growing well.

020. Artemisia frigida (prairie sagewort/fringed sagebrush) Already spreading in the bed. Should look very nice when it fills in.

021. Aruncus dioicus (bride’s feathers/goat’s beard/buck’s beard) Growing more quickly than the internet told me it would! And going to flower this year too, which will be lovely.

022. Asarum canadense (Canada ginger) Doing fine for now, but burnt a lot in the sun last year. Likely to do so again. I’m going to plant something in front of it to shade it better. See, I wouldn’t have put it there if it was full sun because it’s a shade to part sun plant, but that area isn’t full-sun, it’s part sun; however, the sunlight it does get is very strong in the summer and the poor thing gets burnt.

023. Asclepias incarnata (swamp milkweed) Growing like a beast! Flowers were gorgeous last year. I don’t expect this to be any different, and maybe some monarch butterflies will pay it a visit.

024. Asclepias ovalifolia (oval leaf milkweed/dwarf milkweed) Hopefully coming by the end of this month!

025. Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed) Mine seemed to come up much more slowly than those I’ve seen elsewhere, but it is a fairly young plant. I expect it will come up earlier next year. And it’s doing fine now.

026. Asclepias tuberosa (butterflyweed) Hasn’t come up yet, but they can take till middle of June to start emerging, so I’m not going to worry about it yet.

027. Asimina triloba (pawpaw) All three trees are alive, though with very different rates of growth. I got them at the same size at the same time, but in trying to figure out what the best thing was for them, I planted one on a hill next to the door of my at-the-time apartment, one by the fence at the opposite side of the yard, and the third I kept in a pot, which I brought in for the winter. That spring, the potted tree leafed out first at the end of April, and the one on the hill in the middle of May. The third didn’t bud at all. I continued to water it, but I was sure it was dead. Then the house my apartment was in caught fire so I had to go to a new place (same landlords, so still allowed to plant on the new property) and didn’t want to leave my plants behind. It was the end of June. All my plants were potted. and I was going to leave the lifeless stick behind AND THEN IT SUDDENLY HAD BUDS. So I potted it and took it too. All three survived the transplant, but the tree I had initially taken inside (but is now outside) is the biggest, and that little stick is still the smallest. lol

028. Asplenium trichomanes (maidenhair spleenwort) Very little still, but seems healthy. I hope for its fronds to spill over my newly constructed garden wall when it’s bigger.

029. Athyrium felix-femina (lady fern) Doing very well, as a fern that can tolerate full sun.

030. Caltha palustris (marsh marigold) It is a marsh plant and there is no pond on the property to plant it, but there is a leaking eavestrough, which I thought would do well enough along with heavy watering. So far I have been correct.

031. Campanula rotundifolia (harebell) Very lush and green. I struggled to keep it alive that first year, but three years later it’s perfect.

032. Cardamine concatenata (cutleaf toothwort) Sometime this summer!

033. Castilleja miniata (paintbrush) Sometime this summer!

034. Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea) Not ready to use in tisanes yet, but growing well.

035. Cerastium arvense (field chickweed) The first two years the thing was barely alive, but this year’s it’s moment to shine as it spreads and flowers.

036. Cercis canadensis (redbud) No flowers this spring, but wonderful foliage. Fingers crossed for next year.

037. Comptonia peregrina (sweetfern) Next weekend!

038. Coreopsis lanceolata (lance-leaved tickseed) The first plant I attempted died, but this one’s doing very well.

039. Cornus canadensis (bunchberry) Next weekend! I mean, my plant from last year would likely be fine if the squirrels hadn’t dug it up, as would the one before that (because that one came from the old place and had survived the winter just fine!). So, I’m going to plant the new one in a different spot and hope the fluffy-tailed rodents leave the poor thing alone this time.

040. Cornus florida (flowering dogwood) Just a baby still, but its leaves are nice and green. I had one before it that really liked the hill I had planted it on back at the old place but died in the pot before I could put it in its new home.

041. Cystopteris bulbifera (berry bladder fern) Doing just fine. I love my ferns.

042. Dalea purpurea (purple prairie clover) Hopefully coming by the end of this month!

043. Deschampsia caespitosa (tufted hair grass) Not doing too well. Was fine last year, so I’m not sure what’s going on.

044. Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower) I’ve always loved these. They’re edible, medicinal (with caution), have lovely flowers, and attract lots of pollinators including bees and butterflies. Mine is doing perfectly. No flowers yet this year, but very green healthy foliage.

046 Erythronium americanum (trout lily/dogtooth violet) Still no flowers this spring, but they did come up, so maybe next year.

047. Eupatorium purpureum (sweet-scented Joe Pye weed/gravel root/purple Joe Pye weed) Soon! Also, do you know how this is eaten? Its root is literally burnt and then you use the ashes to flavour your food. The plant is otherwise poisonous, so how it was found out that it could be used this way conjures up amusing scenarios for me.

048. Fragaria vesca (woodland strawberry/wild strawberry/alpine strawberry) I have strawberries! They’re far from ripe yet, but developing well. They’re also spreading over the hill I planted them on and will hopefully give the garlic mustard and dog-strangling vine a run for their money.

049. Fragaria virginiana (wild strawberry/Virginia strawberry/common strawberry/mountain strawberry) Because one native species of strawberry isn’t enough, I have both. This one is also making strawberries and nicely filling out the area I put it in.

050. Galium boreale (northern bedstraw) Newly planted! The first one of these I planted didn’t survive the winter, but I hadn’t been able to plant it until autumn (because I hadn’t yet been told where I could plant). This one has the rest of spring, the whole summer, and fall until frost to establish itself, and I’ve seen a number of them growing wild at the edge of the ravines, so it should be fine.

051. Gaultheria procumbens (American wintergreen/eastern teaberry/boxberry/checkerberry) Next weekend! I actually already have one and have had it for a couple years, but it’s another that came so root-bound there wasn’t any soil in the pot. I planted it hoping for the best, but it seems to be in a very slow decline. So I’m going to plant another one, hopefully not so root-bound and that will maybe either give it a boost (plants of the same species will often help each other when sick by transferring nutrients) or else take over when the first one dies.

052. Geum aleppicum (yellow avens) I didn’t plant this, and I can’t find it for sale anywhere anyway, but it’s a common plant that shows up as a weed. Being native as well as edible, it’s allowed to stay wherever it isn’t directly in my way.

053. Geum canadense (white avens) Same as above. lol Anyway, both species have attractive foliage. They’re likely not used as garden plants because of how common they are as weeds and because their flower stalks are long and leggy. But I’m happy to have them.

054. Geum rivale (purple avens) Newly planted! This one is offered as a garden plant, though fairly rare, and I’ve finally got my hands on one! All of the Geum species in my garden seem to be doing just fine, so I expect this will fine too. It’s the first plant I’ve put in a new area that doesn’t drain very well which makes it perfect for plants like this one that grow in clay on stream banks.

055. Geum triflorum (prairie smoke) Green leaves. Flower stalks up. This is a pretty reliable plant because it doesn’t die back in the winter, it just sort of sits there waiting for spring and then resumes growth like nothing happened. The first year it drooped a lot but once it established itself there was no stopping it and the transplant went smoothly too.

056. Grindelia squarrosa (gumweed) Hopefully coming by the end of this month!

057. Helianthus divaricatus (woodland sunflower) This is a sunflower that can actually stand a fair bit of shade. I thought mine had died last year due to the foliage and stemming dying back after a squirrel broke it and it and it was still summer. But it’s come up this year and I’m starting to think nothing short of cooking a sunflower’s roots will actually kill it.

058 and 059. Helianthus nuttalli (Nuttall’s sunflower/common tall sunflower) and Helianthus pauciflorus (stiff sunflower/beautiful sunflower) All I know is, I ordered both, I received two small plants, by the time I got them in the ground they were barely alive, that area is now being overtaken by sunflowers, and it could be one species, or it could be both, I don’t know. I did thin out some shoots this spring and add them to a very flavourful pasta sauce. I also thinned out a bunch of their roots last fall. To look at them, you wouldn’t know that either of these had happened, and I’m going to have to thin out more. They’re also putting up shoots between the stones of the cement path. There will be sunflowers here until the end of time.

060. Helianthus tuberosus (sunchoke/Jerusalem artichoke/suntato) Because I don’t learn, I planted yet another sunflower species last year, in a different area, because dammit I want my suntatoes that taste like artichokes. I planted one last year. I took and ate a bunch of tubers in the fall. There are currently five plants. This should be interesting.

061. Heliopsis helianthoides (false sunflower/sweet oxeye) After getting off to a rocky start last year, this one’s doing just fine, and also looks to be living up to its resemblance to sunflowers in more than just appearance.

062. Hibiscus moscheutos (swamp rose mallow) One of them appears to have died so I hope the other isn’t headed the same direction. Seems to be coming up normally though. Also I learned the flowers can change colour from year to year which was a huge surprise to me from the first year to the second. No idea what it will be like this year.

063. Hierochloe odorata (sweet grass/vanilla grass) It flowered last year, which was lovely. I hope it does so again this year. Foliage is nice and green anyhow.

064. Humulus lupulus (common hop) Growing nicely now, though its first several shoots died this year. It seems to just be a very impatient plant in the springtime despite not being very frost hardy. So it put out shoots, which died in the frost, and then put out more, which also died, etc. until finally there was no more frost so it just kept growing. That’s one way to do it, I guess. lol Most other frost-tender plants tend to be more cautious about when they put out new growth.  had a hop plant at my old apartment, which really liked the place I put I put it in, but it died when I potted it to try and take with me.

065. Impatiens capensis (jewelweed/spotted touch-me-not) Hopefully coming by the end of this month!

066. Juglans nigra (black walnut) This tree has likely been on this property since before I was born. I tapped it spring before last. I’ll tap it next spring too. Seems to be a healthy tree.

067. Kalmia latifolia (mountain laurel) They’re not native to Ontario but they are native to eastern North America, in the Appalachian mountains. I figured if they could survive mountain weather they could handle south Ontario winters, and so far it has. It’s not edible but I fell in love with them a long time ago when reading David Attenborough’s The Secret Life of Plants. And they’re making buds this year!

068. Lactuca canadensis (Canadian lettuce) Yes! We have a native lettuce. Most people will pull it up as a weed along with dandelions and thistles, though. I let it stay wherever possible. It’s not like I can just buy a new one, so I count myself lucky when they come up in my garden.

069. Lilium michiganense (Michigan lily) It made smaller ones, but they don’t seem to have survived for whatever reason. The older ones are very robust this year, though, and are budding with what looks like will be many flowers.

070. Lilium philadelphicum (wood lily) Newly planted! I have not had much luck with these, but hopefully this year’s the year. I have two plants, so maybe they’ll help each other.

071. Lindera benzoin (spicebush) No flowers or butterflies yet, but it’s a healthy bush and lives up to its name.

072. Linum lewisii (blue flax) Newly planted! I’ve wanted these for a long time but the places that carried them either wouldn’t deliver or didn’t have them as plugs or potted stock (I find seeds too unreliable). But now I have a couple in the large stone garden pot that I specifically filled with dirt that would allow for good drainage, for those plants that can survive the cold but not sitting in water.

073. Lupinus perennis (sundial lupine) Soon! Or I already have it. Not sure. See, I was sent an email by the company saying I’d probably accidentally gotten a bigleaf lupine instead and they gave me a coupon for the following spring to get a confirmed sundial lupine, but there is a chance I already have it. Either way it’s a nice plant, so whether I have two plants of the same species or two different species is fine.

074. Lupinus polyphyllus (bigleaf lupine/common lupine) I actually haven’t been able to find this species available for delivery anywhere, so if that is what I currently have, then I’m delighted and this is the best plant mixup that could possibly happen (there have been a number). Whatever it is is a very attractive plant even with just the foliage. I hope it makes flowers this year.

075. Mahonia repens (creeping Oregon grape) Speaking of plant mixups! The first time I ordered this I got a Potentilla nepalensis instead. I didn’t know it at the time, as it had a tag saying “Mahonia repens”, but then it flowered...I wouldn’t have minded terribly much if it had been a native Potentilla species, but “nepalensis” is definitely not that. Well, I emailed the company with a photo and they promptly delivered not one, but two creeping Oregon grape plants, and both seem to be doing okay, making new growth, survived the winter, which the potentilla did not.

076. Maianthemum stellatum (starry false Solomon’s seal) They seem to be doing well! They flowered, but I don’t know if there will be berries. Next year maybe, but then you don’t really see Maianthemum berries until late summer, so maybe there will be a couple this year.

077. Mentha arvensis (wild mint) It’s doing exactly what mint does. Tastes wonderful, which is a great reason for thinning it out and pulling it out from between the sidewalk stones.

078. Mertensia paniculata (tall bluebells) Currently flowering. Despite the name, though they do grow taller than their cousin the Virginia bluebells, I wouldn’t say they’re a bigger plant overall. Very nice though. The flowers are a delicate light blue.

079. Mertensia virginica (Virginia bluebells) When I planted the rootstock in the early summer and nothing came up at all, I thought they had died. But nope! They came up vigorously this spring, with huge leaves and incredibly blue flowers. The flowers are don and it’s starting to die back now, but what a gorgeous springtime plant it is.

080. Monarda didyma (scarlet beebalm) My theory is if you put two members of the mint family next to each other, they’ll keep each other at bay. I’m probably wrong. Anyway, this is already spreading in two directions. Last year caterpillars at a lot of its flowers. I hope that won’t happen this year.

081. Monarda fistulosa (wild bergamot) Has become a very big plant, but politely hasn’t really left it’s immediate area. They make great dried flowers after the winter, by the way, as the seedheads retain the scent. Especially if you squeeze them.

082. Monarda punctata (horsemint) This is starting to fill out now, but compared to the other members of its genus took a very long time to go past a teeny tiny little growth. Last year it got huge shortly after I planted it, so we’ll see if it does that this year. I hope so. The bees, wasps, and other pollinators absolutely loved it.

083. Myosotis laxa (smallflower forget-me-not) I didn’t plant it, I can’t even find it available for sale. It just grows as a weed. It’s just as blue as other forget-me-nots, but with stems that are very leggy and even smaller flowers than the popular garden species. But it’s native so it stays where it’s not directly in my way. It’s very prolific, lots of plants in the garden.

084. Myrica gale (sweet gale/bog myrtle) Only just started making new growth. It seems to be on its way out and I’m not sure why, but it makes me sad. I think last year was really hard on it being so hot so early and I didn’t have a hose then, so I was stuck carrying buckets of water up from my apartment in the basement. But I have a hose this year and I’ve been watering regularly, so maybe, just maybe, it will spring back into action this year. It’s such a pretty bush when in full foliage and the leaves taste like green tea.

085. Oenothera fruticosa (narrow-leaved sundrops) Next weekend! I’ve grown another species which has finished its lifecycle (they’re biennial) and sadly doesn’t seem to have successfully reseeded itself. But maybe this one will.

086. Onoclea sensibilis (sensitive fern) This poor thing struggled hard last year. I planted it between a tree and the house, but it still got a lot of sunlight. Still, it came up this year, and in my experience, second year plants tend to be much more hardy, so we’ll see. It’s doing fine for now.

087. Opuntia fragilis (fragile prickly pear) I did put it in a fairly dry area that gets full sun, but it does struggle in the winter and spring. It is starting to bounce back, though, just like it did last year, and the pieces it scattered are making roots of their own. All of whom are spiky bastards.

088. Opuntia humifusa (eastern prickly pear/devil’s tongue) This did just fine. I had it in a big stone pot which I moved to an area that gets no rain or snow on it, and it’s making new growth now that I’ve moved the pot back into the full sun. It like to spike me whenever I move the pot.

089. Osmundastrum cinnamomeum (cinnamon fern) Next weekend!

090. Oxalis stricta (yellow woodsorrel/sourgrass) It’s not technically native to Ontario, but it is native to Michigan and moved up here decades or possibly centuries ago. I didn’t plant it and you can’t find it in stores because it’s considered a weed, but it is coming up in my garden, it doesn’t hurt anything, and it is a delicious little plant, so it stays.

091. Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper) I didn’t have to buy this because it was already in the yard (it’s common in the ravines), but if it wasn’t I would have, because it’s gorgeous and I like the taste of the berries. It’s a native relative of Boston ivy, so if you’re wanting a wall climber, please get Virginia creeper instead. They’re available at a lot of garden centres and online.

092. Phlox divaricata (woodland phlox/blue phlox) It’s growing, but I think one of the white avens is overcrowding it, so I’ll probably dig that one up and eat it so the phlox can have more space.

093. Podophyllum peltatum (mayapple) Three plants in last year. One plant up this year. Oh well. It’s growing nicely, so hopefully it will spread.

094. Polygonatum biflorum (smooth Solomon’s seal) Hopefully coming by the end of this month!

095. Polystichum achrosticoides (Christmas fern) It doesn’t die back in the winter! I mean, the leaves get kind of yellowed, but otherwise just hangs out and makes new growth in spring. My first attempt with ferns (ostrich ferns) was a failure, but so far all my other fern species have been successful and are currently thriving.

096. Prunus americana (American plum) It’s very top heavy when leafed so it flops over whenever it rains which is kind of funny, but it seems to be doing fine.

097. Prunus nigra (black plum/Canada plum) My first black plum died, but this one seems fine.

098. Prunus pumila (sand cherry) Soon! And it better bloody be a sand cherry and not a purple-leaf sandcherry, which is a hybrid, like the last company I ordered one from sent me. But that company didn’t specialize in native plants and carried both plants, whereas this company does specialize in native plants and does not advertise the hybrid at all.

099. Prunus serotina (black cherry) This is the very cherry that is used to flavour black cherry ice cream! But my little tree (not that little anymore lmao) hasn’t made flowers yet. It has nice foliage though it keeps trying to grow into the neighbour’s fence. Don’t know why. The sun doesn’t come from there. Maybe it will flower next spring.

100. Pycnanthemum tenufolium (slender mountain mint) Despite being part of the mint family, this is actually a very polite plant so far that stays in its immediate area.

101. Pycnanthemum virginiana (Virginia mountain mint) Just as polite as its cousin. My first died and I blame the person who lived in another unit who decided that garden bed was an ash tray. I managed to put a stop to that, got all the cigarettes out, dug out a stump, added new dirt, and planted a new Virginia mountain mint as well as bride’s feathers. That particular tenant isn’t there anymore and nobody else does anything with the outside, except to put a garden hyacinth there, which I’ve left in its pot and been watering. I’m not just going to leave the poor thing to die. Anyway, the Virginia mountain mint flowered last year and I hope it does so again this year.

102. Ratibida columnifera (yellow coneflower/upright prairie coneflower) Newly planted! I don’t like to get the cultivar versions if I can avoid it, but I will if that’s all that’s available, or in this case, to get the plants I really wanted, I needed to get something that would put me over the minimum cost. But I didn’t want to leave it at that, so I bought a non-cultivar this year so they can be friends.

103. Ratibida pinnata (gray-headed coneflower/yellow coneflower/pinnate prairie coneflower) This almost flowered last year and the I accidentally broke it with the hose. That will not happen this year. I don’t see a flower stalk yet, but the leaves look healthy.

104. Rhus aromatica (fragrant sumac) It’s putting out flowers, but it did so last year and nothing happened, so I guess we’ll see this year.

105. Rosa blanda (smooth rose) A rose without thorns! Or almost. It’s got leaves out, but it’s a slow grower for a rose and hasn’t flowered yet.

106. Rubus occidentalis (black raspberry) This was supposed to be a red raspberry because black raspberries are easy to find in the ravines, but that’s okay, and I did order a new red raspberry which will hopefully actually be red. lol

107. Rubus strigosus (American red raspberry) Soon! Sometimes considered a variety of Rubus idaeus, which is the one you find in grocery stores. There is one patch I’ve found of them in the ravines, but they’re not nearly as common here as the black raspberry. Hopefully this new plant I get will actually be the red raspberry.

108. Rudbeckia laciniata (cutleaf coneflower/green-headed coneflower) There are two plants with very different leaves growing there. One of them I hope is the plant I intended, but won’t know until they flowers. They’re both doing well, whatever they are.

109. Sambucus canadensis (common elderberry) It’s making flowers this year! I learned the hard way that this species does NOT like being transplanted to a pot, which I had to do to take with me to my current apartment. However, it did eventually bounce back and didn’t mind being transplanted to its current location, which it likes just fine.

110. Shepherdia canadensis (Canada buffaloberry) Next weekend!

111. Solidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod) I tried to buy this plant but they accidentally sent me an aster species instead. However, there are a bunch of goldenrods growing a different area that I didn’t plant and I believe to be this species.

112. Solidago nemoralis (gray goldenrod) Droops a lot but bounces back quickly.

113. Solidago simplex (spike goldenrod/sticky goldenrod/Mt. Albert Goldenrod) I’ve tried this once before and it died, possibly from being small enough that the ledge it was next to prevented it from getting enough sunlight. I’ve planted the new one far enough from the ledge that it does not get shaded by it, so hopefully that will do the trick.

114. Spiraea alba (meadowsweet) The first year in the new place it struggled a bit, but it’s fine now and it flowered last year.

115. Symphoricarpos orbiculatus (coralberry) Next weekend! It’s also the first time I’ve seen it available anywhere.

116. Symphyotrichum ciliolatum (fringed blue aster/Lindley’s aster/northern heart-leaved aster) A very polite aster, or maybe it’s just being kept under control by the sweet grass (055). Its foliage is that lovely gray-green colour often referred to as “blue” when people talk about holly, spruce, and hosta leaves, and its flowers are that pale blue people often think of as purple or periwinkle but shows up digitally as light blue.

117. Symphyotrichum cordifolium (heart-leaved aster) Doing fine where I planted it.

118. Symphyotrichum laeve (smooth aster) I didn’t have the tag and thought this was a violet when I planted it. It now thinks it owns the space, but looks very nice when it’s in bloom.

119. Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (panicled aster/lance-leaf aster/willow aster/tall white aster/eastern line aster/white-panicle aster/narrow-leaf Michaelmas daisy) Lots of common names. It decided it belonged on the sidewalk last year, but surprisingly agreed when I placed its branches behind the stone line of the garden. We’ll see if we can come to the same agreement this year.

120. Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (New England aster) Not flowering yet this year, but looks it’s getting ready. They’re such a lovely rich violet to purple and I love that they flower so late into autumn too.

121. Taraxacum officinale ceratophorum (fleshy dandelion/horned dandelion/rough dandelion) Obviously didn’t buy it. lol But it is in my garden along with non-native subspecies. Since they don’t harm the plants they grow among, they can stay as long as they’re not in my way.

122. Trillium erectum (red trillium) Next weekend! And I possibly already have one. See, I ordered three trillium species last year as bulbs and planted them, but lost two of the tags. Only two species came up and only the one with the tag flowered this year. So I don’t know if the one that didn’t flower was erectum or grandifolium, so I ordered both again.

123. Trillium flexipes (nodding trillium) It came up this year and it was lovely. Died back now though.

124. Trillium grandiflorum (great white trillium) Next weekend! And I might already have one: see 109. Ontario’s provincial flower. I once made a set of coat of arms style designs with each of the provincial flowers and animals.

125. Urtica dioica gracilis (stinging nettle) Planted itself in my garden back at the old place and if I didn’t trust the other plants would be safe after I left (I was right, by the way; the whole backyard has been turned over) I definitely didn’t think this would be either, so I potted it to take with and got stung for my trouble, but it’s happy in its new home. Lives up to its name, of course, but I did eat a few of the tops earlier this year in soup and later in pasta sauce, so I suppose we’re even.

126. Vaccinium angustifolium (lowbush blueberry/wild blueberry) When you see “wild blueberries” in the grocery store in Ontario, it’s this. It always seems to struggle with mould in the spring. Every year I’ve had it. I got it a friend in hopes it would help, but they seem to both be dealing with it now. I’ll have cut back the bad branches and hope that helps. It usually does, but I don’t know why it starts in the first place. None of the neighbouring plants are suffering.

127. Vaccinium corymbosom (highbush blueberry) This is the species you’ll most often see in the grocery store in Ontario as “blueberries”. My bush always makes some flowers and berries, but it’s not doing great right now. Not sure why. It doesn’t get mould the way the lowbush blueberries do. I hope it’s not on its way out. You can get them at a lot of garden centres, but there’s usually a minimum amount of plants or a minimum cost, and garden centres that specialize in native plants don’t often carry these, while garden centres that don’t often don’t have any other native species or at least not any I need or have room for. So for my purposes they’re kind of hard to get.

128. Verbena hastata (blue vervain) Was off to a slow start this year, but it’s doing just fine now.

129. Viburnum acerifolium (mapleleaf viburnum) Next weekend!

130. Viburnum lentago (nannyberry) It’s doing fine, just fine, but I doubt I’ll get any berries for some time yet.

131. Viburnum nudum cassinoides (Witherod viburnum) A lovely little bush so far. Maybe I’ll get flowers next spring.

132. Viola adunca (hookedspur violet/western dog violet/early blue violet) Hopefully coming by the end of this month! My first go with this plant was not successful. Hopefully better luck this time.

133. Viola blanda (sweet white violet) Exactly what it says on the tin. There’s a delicate pink to the centre, and the foliage is nice too.

134. Viola canadensis (Canada violet) It’s tall for a violet, and spreading nicely with lots of flowers.

135. Viola labradorica (purple Labrador violet) Next weekend! Despite it’s name, it is also native to Ontario.

136. Viola sororia (wood violet/blue violet) This is most common violet you see generally, which makes it hard, though not impossible, to find in garden centres. However, they’ve planted themselves in the yard and I’ve successfully transferred one to one of the beds. I have other place I want to put the rest before I dig up that area.

137. Vitis riparia (riverbank grape) I have two plants because I didn’t realize when I bought it that hiding among the weeds in another part of the garden there already was one. Oh well. Guaranteed cross-pollination of two genetically diverse individuals. They’re both doing well.

138. Zizia aurea (golden alexanders) They’re doing well. It looks a lot like wild parsnip, which it is related to, but it’s much more friendly, and I ate some this spring.

I may be able to order more. We’ll see. One of my go-to places says they won’t ship until “opening day”. I guess they mean when their area reopens, but that might not be till next year. Meantime, I will continue to construct my garden wall in the back.

[cedar-glade]

Chert Barrens, Wildcat Glades, opposing side of shoal creek on the chert shelf.

It’s actually baffling to me how little chert is known to be removed from this site, I don’t think its clear why that is since it was considered extremely valuable for stone tool crafting. knapping chert to make specific tools was a common practice until the later section of the 1800′s by both Native Americans and European settlers. Flint stone and Chert stone have a specific conchoidal fracture path when striked and appear similar to other glass fracturing due to the high silica. 

Silica is also the reason why these shelves are aggressively angular instead of unercut to rounded flush from water movement, since silica is insoluble. 

As a heat insulator, chert tends to be harsh and very hot during summer, making this habitat xeric and very exposed in many parts. 

While Joplin MO. sits pretty far from the Texas and OK border we see many of the same plants land locked at this location and other near by barrens due to their spread during the early Holocene’s xerothermic interval in an era post glaciation where temps became warm and climate was dry. In a sense these can be considered refugium. 

Both  Phemeranthus parviflorus and  Phemeranthus calycinus overlap in the barrens here. 

Phemeranthus parviflorus (small flowered) and Phemeranthus calycinus (large flowered) are distinguishable more readily from flower size, otherwise you have to go off of stature. P. parviflorus is less tall and much less elongate as seen in the picture. As for P. calycinus 

Here is a multibranched elongate specimen photographed from https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/lf_rockpink.htm

The mossy fern looking lad is a semi-xeric spike moss: Selaginella rupestris, ledge spike moss.

 Now, I think the range maps for this are very wrong. Texas has plenty of these in their northern counties and bonap says they are not in the Ouachita and in the Wichita Mountains which is solid malarchy. I plan on looking for this lad in big barrens next time I go. 

Often surrounded by a layer of waterlogged biocrust stabilized sediment and Polytrichum commune is Opuntia humifusa

Ferns are often more xeric and exposure adapted than we give them credit for. Ebony spleenwort is obviously the most common fern just about anywhere; but, the calcareous Asplenium trichomanes subsp. quadrivalens  and the crack loving Myriopteris gracilis are always mind blowing to see in different habitats.

[lady-boa]

Witchy Translations

Old witchy names for herbs/roots in their modern names.

*Warning: A good chunk of these are poisonous*

Adders Fork- Adders tongue Adders tongue- Dogstooth Violet Ass's Foot or Bull's Foot - Coltsfoot Bat Flower - Tacca Bat's Wings - Holly Bat's Wool- Moss Bear's Foot- Lady's Mantle Beggar's Buttons -Burdock Beggar's Tick- Cockhold Bird's Eye- Germander Speedwell Bird's Foot- Fenugreek Black Maidenhair- Black Spleenwort Black Sampson- Echinacea Black Snake Root- Black Cohosh Blind Eyes- Poppy Blood- Elder Sap or another tree sap Blood from a Head- Lupine Blood from a Shoulder- Bear's Breeches Blood of Ares- Purslane Blood of Kronos- Cedar Blood of Hephaistos- Wormwood Blood of Hestia- Chamomile Blood of a Goose- Mulberry Tree's Milk Blood of a Titan- Wild Lettuce Blood of an Eye- Tamarisk Gall Blood Leather- Reindeer Moss/Rock Tripe/Caribou Lichen Bloodroot- Tormentil Bloodwort- Yarrow Bloody Butcher- Valerian Bloody Finger- Foxglove Bone of an Ibis- Buckthorn Brains- Congealed Gum from a Cherry Tree Bread and Cheese Tree- Hawthorne. Whitethorn, Hazels Broom- Gorse Bull's Blood or Seed of Horus- Horehound Bull's Foot- Coltsfoot Burning Bush- Fraxinella, White Dittany Butcher's Broom- Irish Tops Buttons- Tansy Calf's Snout- Snapdragon Candelmas Maiden- Snowdrop Capon's Tail- Valerian Cat's Foot- Canada Snake Root and/or Ground Ivy Cheeses- Marsh Mallow Cherry Pie- Heliotrope Chocolate Flower- Wild Geranium Church Steeples- Agrimony Clear-Eye- Clary Sage Click- Goosegrass Clot- Great Mullein Corpse Candles- Mullein Corpse Plant- Indian Pipe Courtesy- Summer Wind Crocodile Dung- Black Earth Crow Corn- Ague Root Crow Foot- Wild Geranium Crowdy Kit- Figwort Crown for a King- Wormwood Cuckoo's Bread- Common Plantain Cucumber Tree- Magnolia Cuddy's Lungs- Great Mullein Dead Man Ash- Mandrake root poppet Death Angel- Agaric Death Flower- Yarrow Devil's Apple- Datura Devils Dung- Asafoetida Devil's Eye- Henbane, Periwinkle Devil's Flower- Bachelor's Buttons Devil's Guts- Dodder Devil's Milk- Celandine Devil's Nettle- Yarrow Devil's Oatmeal- Parsley Devil's Plaything- Yarrow Dew of the Sea- Rosemary Dog Fennel- Anthemis Dog Grass- Agropyrum Dog's Mouth- Snap Dragon Dog`s Tail- Cynosurus Dog's Tongue- Conoglossum Officinale Dog`s Tooth Violet- Erythronium Dove's Foot- Wild Geranium Dragon Wort- Bistort Dragon Bushes- Toadflax Dragon's Blood- Calamus Dragon's Scales- Bistort Leaves Duck's Foot- May Apple Eagle- Wild Garlic Ear of an Ass- Comfrey Ear of a Goat- St. John's Wort Earth Smoke- Fumitory Elf leaf- Lavender, Rosemary Elf's Wort (Elfwort)- Elecampane Enchanter's Plant- Vervain Englishman's Foot- Common Plantain Erba Santa Maria- Spearmint Everlasting Friendship- Goosegrass Eye of the Day- Common Daisy Eye of Newt- Wild Mustard Seed Eye of the Star- Horehound Eye Root- Goldenseal Eyes- Aster, Daisy, Eyebright Fairies Eggs- Molukka Fairie's Finger- Foxglove Fairies Horses- Ragwort Fairy Bells- Sorrel, Wood Fairy Cup- Cowslip Fairy Smoke- Indian Pipe Fat from a Head- Spurge Felon Herb- Mugwort Filwort- Centory or Feverwort Five Fingers- Cinquefoil Flesh and Blood- Tormentil Fox's Clote- Burdock Frog bit- Hydrocharis Frog fruit- Phyla Frog Orchid- Coeloglossum Frog's Foot- Bulbous Buttercup Frog`s Lettuce- Groenlandia From the Belly- Earth-apple From the Foot- Houseleek From the Loins- Chamomile Gazel's Hooves- Quickset, Albespyne Goat's Foot- Ash Weed Goat's Leaf- Honeysuckle God's Hair- Hart's Tongue Fern Golden Star- Avens Gosling Wing- Goosegrass Graveyard Dust- Mullein Great Ox-eye - Ox-eye Daisy Hag's Taper- Great Mullein Hagthorn- Hawthorn Hairs of a Baboon- Dill Seed Hair- Maidenhair Fern Hair of Venus- Maidenhair Fern Hare's Beard- Great Mullein Hare's Foot- Avens Hawk's Heart- Heart of Wormwood Heart- Walnut Heart of Osmund- Royal Fern Herb of Grace- Vervain Hind's Tongue- Hart's Tongue Fern Holy Herb- Yerba Santa Holy Rope- Hemp Agrimony Hook and Arm- Yerba Santa Horse Hoof- Coltsfoot Horse Tongue- Hart's Tongue Fern Hundred Eyes- Periwinkle Indian Dye- Goldenseal Innocence- Bluets Jacob's Staff- Great Mullein Jew's Ear- Fungus on Elder or Elm John's Bread- Carob Joy of the Mountain- Marjoram Jupiter's Foot- Houseleek Jupiter's Staff- Great Mullein

King's Crown- Black Haw

Knight's Milfoil- Yarrow

Kronos' Blood- Cedar King's Crown Black Haw Knight's Milfoil- Yarrow Lad's Love- Southernwood Lady's Glove- Foxglove  Lady's Mantle- Nine Hooks Lady's Meat- May Flower blossom Lady's Slipper- American Valerian Lady's Tresses- Spira Root Lamb's Ears- Betony Lion's Ear- Motherwort Lion's Hairs- Turnip leaves Lion's Tooth- Dandelion aka Priest's Crown Lizard's Tail- Breast Weed Little Dragon- Tarragon Love in Idleness- Pansy Love Leaves- Burdock Love Lies Bleeding- Amaranth or Anemone Love Man- Goosegrass Love Parsley- Lovage Love Root- Orris Root Man's Bile- Turnip Sap Man's Health- Ginseng Maiden's Hair- Maidenhair Fern Maiden's Ruin- Southernwood Master of the Woods- Woodruff May- Black Haw May Lily- Lily of the Valley May Rose- Black Haw Maypops- Passion Flower Mistress of the Night- Tuberose Mother's Heart- Shepheard's Purse Mouse's Ear- Hawk Weed Mouse's Tail- Common Stonecrop Mutton Chops- Goosegrass Newt`s Tail- Saururus Nose Bleed- Yarrow Old-Maid's-Nightcap- Wild Geranium Old Man- Mugwort Old Man's Flannel- Great Mullein Old Man's Pepper- Yarrow Old Woman- Wormwood Oliver- Olive Organ Tea- Pennyroyal Paddock Pipes- Horsetail Pantagruelian- Marijuana Password- Primrose Peter's Staff- Great Mullein Pig's Tail- Leopard's Bane Poor Man's Treacle- Garlic Poor Man- Weatherglass Pimpernel Priest's Crown- Dandelion leaves Pucha-pat- Patchouli Queen of the Meadow- Meadowsweet Queen of the Meadow Root- Gravelroot Queen of the Night- Vanilla Cactus Queen's Delight- Silverleaf Queen's Root- Stilengia Rabbit's Foot- Field Clover Ram's Head- American Valerian Red Cockscomb- Amaranth Ring-o-Bells- Bluebells Robin-Run-in-the-Grass- Goosegrass Scaldhead- Blackberry See Bright- Clary Sage Semen of Ammon- Houseleek Semen of Ares- Clover Semen of Helios- White Hellebore Semen of Herakles- Mustard-rocket Semen of Hermes- Dill Semen of Hephaistos- Fleabane Seed of Horus- Horehound Serpent's Tongue- Adder's Tongue Seven Barks- Hydrangea Seven Year's Love- Yarrow Shameface- Wild Geranium Shepherd's Heart- Shepherd's Purse Silver Bells- Black Haw Skin of a Man- Fern Skull- Skullcap Mushroom Snake's Blood- Hematite Stone Snake's Friend- Indian Paintbrush Snake's Head- Balmony Snake's Milk- Blooming Splurge Snake's Tongue- Adder's Tongue Fern Snake/ Snakeweed- Bistort Snow Drop- Bulbous Violet Soapwort- Comfrey or Daisy Sorcerer's Violet- Periwinkle Sparrow's Tongue- Knotweed Spider Lily- Spiderwort Squirrel's Ear- White Plantain St. John's Herb- Hemp Agrimony (This is not St. John's Wort) St. John's Plant- Mugwort Stag's Horn- Club Moss Star Flower- Borage Star of the Earth- Avens Starweed- Chickweed Sweethearts- Goosegrass Swine's Snout- Dandelion Leaves Tanner's Bark- Common Oak Tarragon- Mugwort Tartar Root- Ginseng Tears of a Baboon- Dill Juice Titan's Blood- Wild Lettuce Thor's Helper- Rowan Thousand Weed- Yarrow Thunder Plant- House Leek Toad- Toadflax Toe Of Frog- Bulbous Buttercup Leaves Tongue of dog- Hound's Tongue Tooth or Teeth- Pinecone(s) Torches- Great Mullein Tree of Heaven- Chinese Sumach Unicorn's Horn- False Unicorn Unicorn Root- Ague Root Wax Dolls- Fumitory Weazel Snout- Yellow Dead Nettles/Yellow Archangel Weed- Ox-Eye Daisy White- Ox-eye Daisy White Man's Foot- Common Plantain White Wood- White Cinnamon Witch Bells- Foxglove Witch Herb- Mugwort Witch's Asprin- White Willow/Willow Bark Witch's Brier- Brier Hips Witch's Hair- Dodder Witch's Thimble- Datura Witchbane- Rowan Wolf Claw- Club Moss Wolf Foot- Bugle Weed Wolf's Hat- Wolfsbane Wolf's Milk- Euphorbia Worms- Gnarled, thin roots of a local tree

[auntwendy23]

Ever seen a spell and saw some weird ingredients in it? Eye of newt? Frog's foot? Lamb's ears? Surely to Goddess they don't mean the real thing!!!! Don't worry, they don't ;-) Here's a list of very old, yet still somewhat common nicknames for herbs.

*Note some of these herbs a considered dangerous. I would not recommend working with some of these herbs and above all else, DO NOT INGEST.

A Bone of an Ibis: Buckthorn

A Titan's Blood: Wild Lettuce

A Lion's Hairs: Tongue of a Turnip (the leaves of the taproot)

A Man's Bile: Turnip Sap

A Pig's Tail: Leopard's Bane

A Hawk's Heart: Heart of Wormwood

Aaron's Rod: Goldenrod, Mullein

Absinthe: Wormwood

Achillea: yarrow

Adders Tongue: Dogstooth Violet

African Ginger: Ginger

Aftator Pear: Avocado

All Heal: Mistletoe, Valerian

American Dittany: Basil

Aneton: Dill

An Eagle: Wild Garlic

Aquifolius - Holly

Archangel - Angelica

Armstrong - Knotweed

Arrowroot - Yarrow

Assear: Comfrey

Ass's Foot or Bull's Foot: Coltsfoot

Ava - Kava Kava

Bad Man's Plaything: Yarrow

Bairnwort - Daisy

Bat's Wings: Holly

Battree - Elder

Bear's Foot: Lady's Mantle

Bee Balm - Lemon Balm

Beer Flower - Hops

Beggar's Buttons - Burdock

Beggarweed - Dodder

Bereza - Birch

Bindweed - Morning Glory

Bird's Eye - Pansy, Germander

Bird's Foot - Feunugreek

Bird's Nest - Carrot

Biscuits - Tomentil

Bitter Greass - Ague Root

Bitter Root - Gentian

Black Cherry - Belladonna

Black Maidenhair: Black Spleenwort

Black Sampson: Echinacea

Black Wort - Comfrey

Blessed Herb - Avens, Pimpernel

Blind Buff - Poppy

Blood: Elder sap or another tree sap

Blood of Hephaistos: Wormwood

Blood from a Head - Lupine

Blue Buttons - Periwinkle

Blue Eyes - Potato

Blood of Ares: Purslane

Blood of a Goose: Mulberry Tree's Milk

Bloodwort: Yarrow

Blood of Hestia: Chamomile

Blood of an Eye: Tamarisk Gall

Blood from a Shoulder: Bear's Breach

Bottle Brush: Horse Tail

Brain Thief: Mandrake

Bread and Cheese Tree - Hawthorne

Bride of the Meadow - Meadowsweet

Bride of the Sun: Marigold

Braisewort - Comfrey, Daisy

Bull's Blood or Seed of Horus: Horehound

Burning Bush: White Dittany

Calendula: Marigold

Calf's Snout: Snapdragon

Cankerwort: Dandelion, Ragwort

Candlemas Maiden: Snowdrop

Candlewick Plant: Mullein

Cape Gum: Acacia

Capon's Tail: Valerian

Carpenter's Weed: Yarrow

Catmint: Catnip

Cat's Foot: Canada Snake Root and/or Ground Ivy

Cat's Wort: Catnip

Cheeses: Marsh Mallow

Cherry Pie: Heliotrope

Chewing John: Glangal

China Root: Galangal

Chinese Parsley: Coriander

Chocolate: Carob

Chocolate Flower: Wild Geranium

Christ's Eye: Vervain Sage

Christ's Ladder: Centaury

Christ's Thorn: Holly

Church Steeple: Agrimony

Clear-eye: Clary Sage

Click: Goosegrass

Clot: Great Mullein

Clove Root: Avens

Corpse Plant: Indian Pipe

Couch Grass: Witch's Grass

Cowgrass: Knotweed

Crowdy Kit: Figwort

Crow Corn: Ague Root

Crow's Foot: Cranesbill

Crown for a King: Wormwood

Crown of Thorns: Euphorbia

Cuckoo's Bread: Common Planatin

Cuddy's Lungs: Great Mullein

Cucumber Tree: Magnolia

Cupids Car: Wolf's Bane

Daphne: Bay Laurel

Death Angel: Agaric

Death Flower: Yarrow

Death's Herb: Belladonna

Delight of the Eye: Rowan

Devil' Apple - Datura

Devil's Cherries: Belladonna

Devils Dung: Asafoetida

Devil's' Eye: Henbane, Periwinkle

Devil's Flower: Bachelor's Buttons

Devil's Plaything: Yarrow

Dew of the Sea: Rosemary

Dog's Mouth: Snap Dragon

Dollar: Meadowsweet

Dove's Foot: Wild Geranium

Dragon's Blood: Calamus

Dragon Wort: Bistort

Dumbledore's Delight: Wolf's Bane

Earth Smoke: Fumitory

Elf Leaf: Lavender, Rosemary

Elf's Wort: Elecampane

Enchanter's Plant: Vervain

English Cowslip: Primrose

Englishman's Foot: Common Plantain

Erba Santa Maria: Spearmint

Everlasting Friendship: Goosegrass

Eye Balm: Goldenseal

Eye of Christ: Germander Speedwell

Eye of the Day: Common Daisy

Eye of Newt: Mustard Seed

Eye of the Star: Horehound

Eye Root: Goldenseal

Eyes: Aster, Daisy, Eyebright

Fairies Horses: Ragwort

Fair Lady: Belladonna

Fairy Bells: Sorrell, Wood

Fairy Cup: Cow Slip

Fairy Fingers: Foxglove

Fairy Smoke: Indian Pipe

Fairy Petticoats: Foxglove

Fairy Weed: Foxglove

False Wintergreen: Pipsissewa

Fat from a Head: Spurge

Felon Herb: Mugwort

Field Hops: Yarrow

Five Fingers: Cinquefoil

Flute Plant: Meadow Rue

Folk's Gloves: Foxglove

Fox Bells: Foxglove

Foxtail: Club Moss

French Wheat: Buckwheat

Frog's Foot: Bulbous Buttercup

From the Belly: Earth-apple

From the Foot: Houseleek

From the Loins: Chamomile

Frozen Roses: Wood Rose

Fruit of the Gods: Apple

Fruit of the Underworld: Apple

Gagroot: Lobelia

Gallowsgrass: Hemp

Garden Heliotrope: Valerian

Ghost Flower: Datura

Gillies: Carnation

Gin Plant: Juniper

Giver of Life: Corn

Goat's Foot: Ash Weed

Goat's Leaf: Honeysuckle

Goat's Weed: St John's Wort

God's Hair: Hart's Tongue Fern

Golden Bough: Mistletoe

Golden Star: Avens

Goldes: Marigold

Gosling Wing: Goosegrass

Graveyard Dust: Mullein

Graveeyard Flowers: Plumeria

Ground Apple: Chamomile

Ground Raspberry: Golden Seal

Great Ox-eye: Ox-eye Daisy

Hairs of a Hamadryas Baboon: Dill Seed

Hair of Venus: Maidenhair Fern

Hag's Taper: Great Mullein

Hagthorn: Hawthorn

Happy Major: Burdock

Harebell: Bluebell

Hare's Beard: Great Mullein

Headache: Poppy

Healing Herb: Comfrey

Helmet Flower: Scullcap

Herb of Enchantment: Vervain

Herb of Grace: Rue, Vervain

Hind's Tongue: Hart's Tongue Fern

Holy Herb: Yerba Santa

Holy Rope: Hemp Agrimony

Honey Stalks: Clove

Hook and Arn: Yerba Santa

Horse Tongue: Hart's Tongue Fern

Horse Hoof: Coltsfoot

Horse Violet: Pansy

Hundred Eyes: Periwinkle

Hundred Leaved Grass

Indian Dye: Golden Seal

Indian God Tree: Banyon

Indian Paint: Golden Seal

Indian Root: Trillium

Indian Sage - Bonesset

Indian Tobacco - Lobelia

Innocense: Bluets

Jacob's Ladder - Lily of the Valley

Jacob's Staff: Great Mullein

Jaundice R

Joy of the Mountain: Marjoram

Joy on the Ground: Periwinkle

Jupiter's Staff: Great Mullein

Juno's Tears - Vervain

King's Crown: Black Haw

Knight's Milfoil: Yarrow

Klamath Weed - St Johns Wort

Knight's Milfoil - Yarrow

Knitback - Comfrey

Kronos' Blood: sap of Cedar

Ladder to Heaven - Lily of the Valley

Lady's Glove: Foxglove

Lady's Meat: Hawthorn

Lad's Love: Southernwood

Lamb's Ears: Betony

Lamb Mint: Spearmint

Lion's Herb: Columbine

Lion's Mouth: Foxglove

Lion's Tooth: Dandelion

Little Dragon: Tarragon

Love Fruit: Orange

Love Herbs: Lovage

Love Idol: Pansy

Love in Idleness: Pansy

Love Leaves: Burdock

Love Lies Bleeding: Amaranth/Anemone

Love Man: Goosegrass

Love Parsley: Lovage

Love Root: Orris Root

Mackeral Mint: Spearmint

Maiden's Ruin: Southernwood

Man's Health: Ginseng

[tipsycad147]

Herbs and Their Witchy Names

original graphic by: LorelainW

One of the things you might notice when working with spells is they call for some different ingredients. For example, eye of newt, wool of bat, toe of frog. To some who happen across these spells it can help lend to some of the fear surrounding witches because some of the ingredients may seem a bit bizarre. However, you will often find that seldom will those ingredients be literal. For example, if you see eye of newt in a spell, you are not going go out and get an actual eye from a newt. It actually refers to mustard seed.

The reason we have these names, stems from ancient times when it was not safe to keep spells about. So to protect the craft these names would be used instead. Some of them are just Old English, and some even date back to ancient China. A lot of times, you will find that the name is based on what the herb resembles. You will also find that many witches still use these names to this day. The more you work with magick and spell work the more familiar with these names you will become. I wanted to provide you with a basic list that you can use to work with as you are becoming familiar with working with them. As you find more you can add more to it.

A Bone of an Ibis: Buckthorn A Titan’s Blood: Wild Lettuce A Lion’s Hairs: Tongue of a Turnip (the leaves of the taproot) A Man’s Bile: Turnip Sap A Pig’s Tail: Leopard’s Bane A Hawk’s Heart: Heart of Wormwood Aaron’s Rod: Goldenrod, Mullein Absinthe: Wormwood Achillea: yarrow Adders Tongue: Dogstooth Violet African Ginger: Ginger Aftator Pear: Avocado All Heal: Mistletoe, Valerian American Dittany: Basil Aneton: Dill An Eagle: Wild Garlic Aquifolius – Holly Archangel – Angelica Armstrong – Knotweed Arrowroot – Yarrow Assear: Comfrey Ass’s Foot or Bull’s Foot: Coltsfoot Ava – Kava Kava Bad Man’s Plaything: Yarrow Bairnwort – Daisy Bat’s Wings: Holly Battree – Elder Bear’s Foot: Lady’s Mantle Bee Balm – Lemon Balm Beer Flower – Hops Beggar’s Buttons – Burdock Beggarweed – Dodder Bereza – Birch Bindweed – Morning Glory Bird’s Eye – Pansy, Germander Bird’s Foot – Feunugreek Bird’s Nest – Carrot Biscuits – Tomentil Bitter Greass – Ague Root Bitter Root – Gentian Black Cherry – Belladonna Black Maidenhair: Black Spleenwort Black Sampson: Echinacea Black Wort – Comfrey Blessed Herb – Avens, Pimpernel Blind Buff – Poppy Blood: Elder sap or another tree sap Blood of Hephaistos: Wormwood Blood from a Head – Lupine Blue Buttons – Periwinkle Blue Eyes – Potato Blood of Ares: Purslane Blood of a Goose: Mulberry Tree’s Milk Bloodwort: Yarrow Blood of Hestia: Chamomile Blood of an Eye: Tamarisk Gall Blood from a Shoulder: Bear’s Breach Bottle Brush: Horse Tail Brain Thief: Mandrake Bread and Cheese Tree – Hawthorne Bride of the Meadow – Meadowsweet Bride of the Sun: Marigold Braisewort – Comfrey, Daisy Bull’s Blood or Seed of Horus: Horehound Burning Bush: White Dittany Calendula: Marigold Calf’s Snout: Snapdragon Cankerwort: Dandelion, Ragwort Candlemas Maiden: Snowdrop Candlewick Plant: Mullein Cape Gum: Acacia Capon’s Tail: Valerian Carpenter’s Weed: Yarrow Catmint: Catnip Cat’s Foot: Canada Snake Root and/or Ground Ivy Cat’s Wort: Catnip Cheeses: Marsh Mallow Cherry Pie: Heliotrope Chewing John: Glangal China Root: Galangal Chinese Parsley: Coriander Chocolate: Carob Chocolate Flower: Wild Geranium Christ’s Eye: Vervain Sage Christ’s Ladder: Centaury Christ’s Thorn: Holly Church Steeple: Agrimony Clear-eye: Clary Sage Click: Goosegrass Clot: Great Mullein Clove Root: Avens Corpse Plant: Indian Pipe Couch Grass: Witch’s Grass Cowgrass: Knotweed Crowdy Kit: Figwort Crow Corn: Ague Root Crow’s Foot: Cranesbill Crown for a King: Wormwood Crown of Thorns: Euphorbia Cuckoo’s Bread: Common Planatin Cuddy’s Lungs: Great Mullein Cucumber Tree: Magnolia Cupids Car: Wolf’s Bane Daphne: Bay Laurel Death Angel: Agaric Death Flower: Yarrow Death’s Herb: Belladonna Delight of the Eye: Rowan Devil’ Apple – Datura Devil’s Cherries: Belladonna Devils Dung: Asafoetida Devil’s’ Eye: Henbane, Periwinkle Devil’s Flower: Bachelor’s Buttons Devil’s Plaything: Yarrow Dew of the Sea: Rosemary Dog’s Mouth: Snap Dragon Dollar: Meadowsweet Dove’s Foot: Wild Geranium Dragon’s Blood: Calamus Dragon Wort: Bistort Dumbledore’s Delight: Wolf’s Bane Earth Smoke: Fumitory Elf Leaf: Lavender, Rosemary Elf’s Wort: Elecampane Enchanter’s Plant: Vervain English Cowslip: Primrose Englishman’s Foot: Common Plantain Erba Santa Maria: Spearmint Everlasting Friendship: Goosegrass Eye Balm: Goldenseal Eye of Christ: Germander Speedwell Eye of the Day: Common Daisy Eye of Newt: Mustard Seed Eye of the Star: Horehound Eye Root: Goldenseal Eyes: Aster, Daisy, Eyebright Fairies Horses: Ragwort Fair Lady: Belladonna Fairy Bells: Sorrell, Wood Fairy Cup: Cow Slip Fairy Fingers: Foxglove Fairy Smoke: Indian Pipe Fairy Petticoats: Foxglove Fairy Weed: Foxglove False Wintergreen: Pipsissewa Fat from a Head: Spurge Felon Herb: Mugwort Field Hops: Yarrow Five Fingers: Cinquefoil Flute Plant: Meadow Rue Folk’s Gloves: Foxglove Fox Bells: Foxglove Foxtail: Club Moss French Wheat: Buckwheat Frog’s Foot: Bulbous Buttercup From the Belly: Earth-apple From the Foot: Houseleek From the Loins: Chamomile Frozen Roses: Wood Rose Fruit of the Gods: Apple Fruit of the Underworld: Apple Gagroot: Lobelia Gallowsgrass: Hemp Garden Heliotrope: Valerian Ghost Flower: Datura Gillies: Carnation Gin Plant: Juniper Giver of Life: Corn Goat’s Foot: Ash Weed Goat’s Leaf: Honeysuckle Goat’s Weed: St John’s Wort God’s Hair: Hart’s Tongue Fern Golden Bough: Mistletoe Golden Star: Avens Goldes: Marigold Gosling Wing: Goosegrass Graveyard Dust: Mullein Graveeyard Flowers: Plumeria Ground Apple: Chamomile Ground Raspberry: Golden Seal Great Ox-eye: Ox-eye Daisy Hairs of a Hamadryas Baboon: Dill Seed Hair of Venus: Maidenhair Fern Hag’s Taper: Great Mullein Hagthorn: Hawthorn Happy Major: Burdock Harebell: Bluebell Hare’s Beard: Great Mullein Headache: Poppy Healing Herb: Comfrey Helmet Flower: Scullcap Herb of Enchantment: Vervain Herb of Grace: Rue, Vervain Hind’s Tongue: Hart’s Tongue Fern Holy Herb: Yerba Santa Holy Rope: Hemp Agrimony Honey Stalks: Clove Hook and Arn: Yerba Santa Horse Tongue: Hart’s Tongue Fern Horse Hoof: Coltsfoot Horse Violet: Pansy Hundred Eyes: Periwinkle Hundred Leaved Grass Indian Dye: Golden Seal Indian God Tree: Banyon Indian Paint: Golden Seal Indian Root: Trillium Indian Sage – Bonesset Indian Tobacco – Lobelia Innocense: Bluets Jacob’s Ladder – Lily of the Valley Jacob’s Staff: Great Mullein Jaundice R Joy of the Mountain: Marjoram Joy on the Ground: Periwinkle Jupiter’s Staff: Great Mullein Juno’s Tears – Vervain King’s Crown: Black Haw Knight’s Milfoil: Yarrow Klamath Weed – St Johns Wort Knight’s Milfoil – Yarrow Knitback – Comfrey Kronos’ Blood: sap of Cedar Ladder to Heaven – Lily of the Valley Lady’s Glove: Foxglove Lady’s Meat: Hawthorn Lad’s Love: Southernwood Lamb’s Ears: Betony Lamb Mint: Spearmint Lion’s Herb: Columbine Lion’s Mouth: Foxglove Lion’s Tooth: Dandelion Little Dragon: Tarragon Love Fruit: Orange Love Herbs: Lovage Love Idol: Pansy Love in Idleness: Pansy Love Leaves: Burdock Love Lies Bleeding: Amaranth/Anemone Love Man: Goosegrass Love Parsley: Lovage Love Root: Orris Root Mackeral Mint: Spearmint Maiden’s Ruin: Southernwood Man’s Health: Ginseng Master of the Woods: Woodruff May: Black Haw May Lily: Lily of the Valley May Rose: Black Haw Mayflower: Hawthorne Maypops: Passion Flower Military Herb: Yarrow Miracle Herb: Comfrey Mistress of the Night: Tuberose Mosquito Plant: Pennyroyal Mutton Chops: Goosegrass Naughty Man’s Cherries: Belladonna Nine Hooks: Lady’s Mantle Nine Joints: Knotweed Nose Bleed: Yarrow Obeah Wood: Ebony Old-Maid’s-Nightcap: Wild Geranium Old Man’s Flannel: Great Mullein Old Man Fennel: Mullein Old Man’s Pepper: Yarrow Old Uncle Henry: Mugwort Old Woman: Wormwood Oliver: Olive Organ Tea: Pennyroyal Paddock Pipes: Horsetail Password: Primrose Pearl Moss: Irish Moss Peter’s Staff: Great Mullein Priest’s Crown: Dandelion leaves Poor Man’s Treacle: Garlic Pucha-Pat: Patchouli Queen of the Night: Vanilla Cactus Queen of the Meadow: Meadowsweet Queen of the Meadow Root: Gravelroot Queen’s Root: Stillengia Quick: Hawthorn Quickbane: Rowan Quick Grass: Witch Grass Rabbits: Toadflax Ram’s Head: American Valerian Red Cockscomb: Amaranth Ring-o-bells: Bluebells Robin-run-in-the-grass: Goosegrass Run by the ground: Pennyroyal Sacred Bark: Cascara Sagrada Sacred Herb: Yerba Santa Sacred Mother: Corn Sacred Mushroom: Agaric Sailor’s Tobacco: Mugwort Scaldhead: Blackberry See Bright: Clary Sage Seed of Horus: Horehound Semen of Ammon: Houseleek Semen of Ares: Clover Semen of Helios: White Hellebore Semen of Herakles: Mustard-rocket Semen of Hermes: Dill Semen of Hephaistos: Fleabane Seven Year’s Love: Yarrow Shameface: Wild Geranium Shepherd’s Heart: Shepherd’s Purse Silver Bells: Black Haw Silver Dollar: Honesty Snake’s Grass: Yarrow Soapwort: Comfrey or Daisy Soldier’s Tea: Horehound Sorcerer’s Berry: Belladonna Sorcerer’s Herb: Datura Sorcerer’s Violet: Periwinkle Sparrow’s Tongue: Knotweed St. John’s Herb: Hemp Agrimony St. John’s Plant: Mugwort Star Flower: Borage Star of the Earth: Avens Starweed: Chickweed Storm Hat: Wolf’s Bane Summer’s Bride: Marigold Sweethearts: Goosegrass Swine’s Snout: Dandelion Leaves Tanner’s Bark: Toadflax Tarragon: Mugwort Tartar Root: Ginseng Tears of a Hamadryas Baboon: Dill Juice Thousand Weed: Yarrow Thunder Plant: House Leek Tongue of Dog: Houndstongue Torches: Great Mullein Unicorn Root: Ague Root Wax Dolls: Fumitory Weazel Snout: Yellow Archangel White: Ox-eye Daisy White Man’s Foot: Common Plantain White Wood: White Cinnamon Witch’s Asprin: White Willow Bark Witch’s Brier: Brier Hips Weasel Snout: Yellow Archangel Wolf Claw: Club Moss Wolf Foot: Bugle Weed Wolf’s Milk: Euphorbia

Have a magickal day!

Much Love and Many Blessings,

Jasmeine Moonsong

http://jasmeinemoonsong.com/herbs-and-their-witchy-names-3/

[frankiezshenanigans]

Scandinavian Mountain Plants found in the Lower 48 states

Trees and shrubs

Scots Pine

Norway Spruce

Rowan

Grey Alder

Bird Cherry

Downy Birch

Dwarf Birch

Dwarf Juniper

Bog Myrtle

Goat Willow

Glaucous Willow (pussywillow)

Dwarf Willow

Algae/Lichen/Moss

Map Lichen

Sunburst Lichen

Rock tripe

Moss

Flowers and Greens

Mountain-forget-me-not

Sweet vernal grass

Alpine meadowgrass

Creeping sibbaldia

Lady's mantle

Wild angelica

Angelica

Frogs orchid

Northern buckler fern

Brittle bladder fern

Lady fern

Alpine lady fern

Green spleenwort

Moonwort

Lesser clubmoss

Alpine clubmoss

Wood horsetail

Spiked wood rush

Three leaved rush

Stiff sedge

Alpine meadow rue

Purple saxifrage

Water avens

Alpine milkvetch

Wood cranes bill

Rosebay willowherb

Cranberry

Bilberry

Bog rosemary

Bearberry

Trailing azalea

Blue mountain heath

Scandinavian primrose

Jacobs ladder

Common butterwort

Harebell

Moss campion

Red campion

Globe flower

Meadow buttercup

Arctic butteecup

Roseroot

Yellow mountain saxifrage

Snow cinquefoil

Tormentil

Kidney vetch

Birdsfoot trefoil

Yellow wood violet

Goldenrod

Autumn hawkbit

Alpine bistort

Bladder campion

Northern starwort

Wood stichwort

Alpine pearlwort

Alpine bittercress

Hairy rockcress

Alpine rockcress

Grass-of-parnasus

Tufted saxifrage

Brook saxifrage

Cloudberry

Mountain avens

Wild strawberry

Dwarf cornel

Common wintergreen

Bog bilberry

Blue fleabane

Catsfoot

Scottish asphodel

Lily-of-the-valley

Sources:

https://www.inaturalist.org

http://www.scandinavianmountains.com

[newtechstudent]

Flora Flora in Wicklow Mountains National Park The flora composition of the Park and Ireland can be traced back 10,000 years to the end of the Ice Age. As the climate changed and became warmer, the huge ice sheets covering the country gradually melted. As a result, sea level rose and Ireland became an island, separate from Britain and mainland Europe. This isolation of Ireland effectively restricted any further natural migration of plants to this country, and left us with over 10,000 different species of flowering plants and ferns. Over subsequent years, human activities have caused about 300 more species of flowering plants to become naturalised. Some of these non-natives arrived here accidentally, possibly in the manure of imported livestock or mixed up in the seed of imported cereals and foodstuffs. Many others were brought here as attractive garden specimens, and have since managed to escape and thrive in the wild. Down through the years botanists have identified and recorded more than 800 different plant species in County Wicklow. This diversity includes many rare species and is due to the varied landscape within the area. The Park consists of over 20,000 hectares of assorted habitats, from mountains to blanket bog and upland heath, broadleaved woodland, conifer plantations, lakes, rivers and streams. Each of these habitats contains specific communities of plants, which have evolved and adapted to the conditions within the habitat. To learn more about the habitats and their associated flora see our habitat pages. For the identification of wildflowers throughout Ireland, we can recommend www.wildflowersofireland.net. Threatened Plants There are eight plants recorded in the Park which are considered at risk. They are listed below along with their status according to the Red Data Book and also if the plant is protected under the Flora Protection Order 1999. Lanceolate Spleenwort, Fionncha Lansach (Asplenium obovatum) Red Data Book:Vulnerable Flora Protection Order:Yes A small fern that grows on banks and walls near the south and east coasts. It has been recorded at 12 sites nationwide, but only at three since 1970, two of which are in Wicklow. https://www.instagram.com/p/CDGCaTMnHxd/?igshid=14nuftutnhtdx

[mxdelacroix]

TIL: "Eye of Newt” is Just Mustard Seed.

More witchy fun facts:

A Bone of an Ibis: Buckthorn A Titan's Blood: Wild Lettuce A Lion's Hairs: Tongue of a Turnip (the leaves of the taproot) A Man's Bile: Turnip Sap A Pig's Tail: Leopard's Bane A Hawk's Heart: Heart of Wormwood Aaron's Rod: Goldenrod, Mullein Absinthe: Wormwood Achillea: yarrow Adders Tongue: Dogstooth Violet African Ginger: Ginger Aftator Pear: Avocado All Heal: Mistletoe, Valerian American Dittany: Basil Aneton: Dill An Eagle: Wild Garlic Aquifolius - Holly Archangel - Angelica Armstrong - Knotweed Arrowroot - Yarrow Assear: Comfrey Ass's Foot or Bull's Foot: Coltsfoot Ava - Kava Kava Bad Man's Plaything: Yarrow Bairnwort - Daisy Bat's Wings: Holly Battree - Elder Bear's Foot: Lady's Mantle Bee Balm - Lemon Balm Beer Flower - Hops Beggar's Buttons - Burdock Beggarweed - Dodder Bereza - Birch Bindweed - Morning Glory Bird's Eye - Pansy, Germander Bird's Foot - Feunugreek Bird's Nest - Carrot Biscuits - Tomentil Bitter Greass - Ague Root Bitter Root - Gentian Black Cherry - Belladonna Black Maidenhair: Black Spleenwort Black Sampson: Echinacea Black Wort - Comfrey Blessed Herb - Avens, Pimpernel Blind Buff - Poppy

[more after the cut]

Blood: Elder sap or another tree sap Blood of Hephaistos: Wormwood Blood from a Head - Lupine Blue Buttons - Periwinkle Blue Eyes - Potato Blood of Ares: Purslane Blood of a Goose: Mulberry Tree's Milk Bloodwort: Yarrow Blood of Hestia: Chamomile Blood of an Eye: Tamarisk Gall Blood from a Shoulder: Bear's Breach   Bottle Brush: Horse Tail Brain Thief: Mandrake Bread and Cheese Tree - Hawthorne Bride of the Meadow - Meadowsweet Bride of the Sun: Marigold Braisewort - Comfrey, Daisy Bull's Blood or Seed of Horus: Horehound Burning Bush: White Dittany Calendula: Marigold Calf's Snout: Snapdragon Cankerwort: Dandelion, Ragwort Candlemas Maiden: Snowdrop Candlewick Plant: Mullein Cape Gum: Acacia Capon's Tail: Valerian Carpenter's Weed: Yarrow Catmint: Catnip Cat's Foot: Canada Snake Root and/or Ground Ivy Cat's Wort: Catnip Cheeses: Marsh Mallow Cherry Pie: Heliotrope Chewing John: Glangal China Root: Galangal Chinese Parsley: Coriander Chocolate: Carob Chocolate Flower: Wild Geranium Christ's Eye: Vervain Sage Christ's Ladder: Centaury Christ's Thorn: Holly Church Steeple: Agrimony Clear-eye: Clary Sage Click: Goosegrass Clot: Great Mullein Clove Root: Avens Corpse Plant: Indian Pipe Couch Grass: Witch's Grass Cowgrass: Knotweed Crowdy Kit: Figwort Crow Corn: Ague Root Crow's Foot: Cranesbill Crown for a King: Wormwood Crown of Thorns: Euphorbia Cuckoo's Bread: Common Planatin Cuddy's Lungs: Great Mullein Cucumber Tree: Magnolia Cupids Car: Wolf's Bane Daphne: Bay Laurel Death Angel: Agaric Death Flower: Yarrow Death's Herb: Belladonna Delight of the Eye: Rowan Devil' Apple - Datura Devil's Cherries: Belladonna Devils Dung: Asafoetida Devil's' Eye: Henbane, Periwinkle Devil's Flower: Bachelor's Buttons Devil's Plaything: Yarrow Dew of the Sea: Rosemary Dog's Mouth: Snap Dragon Dollar: Meadowsweet Dove's Foot: Wild Geranium Dragon's Blood: Calamus Dragon Wort: Bistort Dumbledore's Delight: Wolf's Bane Earth Smoke: Fumitory Elf Leaf: Lavender, Rosemary Elf's Wort: Elecampane Enchanter's Plant: Vervain English Cowslip: Primrose Englishman's Foot: Common Plantain Erba Santa Maria: Spearmint Everlasting Friendship: Goosegrass Eye Balm: Goldenseal Eye of Christ: Germander Speedwell Eye of the Day: Common Daisy Eye of Newt: Mustard Seed Eye of the Star: Horehound Eye Root: Goldenseal Eyes: Aster, Daisy, Eyebright Fairies Horses: Ragwort Fair Lady: Belladonna Fairy Bells: Sorrell, Wood Fairy Cup: Cow Slip Fairy Fingers: Foxglove Fairy Smoke: Indian Pipe Fairy Petticoats: Foxglove Fairy Weed: Foxglove False Wintergreen: Pipsissewa Fat from a Head: Spurge Felon Herb: Mugwort Field Hops: Yarrow Five Fingers: Cinquefoil Flute Plant: Meadow Rue Folk's Gloves: Foxglove Fox Bells: Foxglove Foxtail: Club Moss French Wheat: Buckwheat Frog's Foot: Bulbous Buttercup From the Belly: Earth-apple From the Foot: Houseleek From the Loins: Chamomile Frozen Roses: Wood Rose Fruit of the Gods: Apple Fruit of the Underworld: Apple Gagroot: Lobelia Gallowsgrass: Hemp Garden Heliotrope: Valerian Ghost Flower: Datura Gillies: Carnation Gin Plant: Juniper Giver of Life: Corn Goat's Foot: Ash Weed Goat's Leaf: Honeysuckle Goat's Weed: St John's Wort God's Hair: Hart's Tongue Fern Golden Bough: Mistletoe Golden Star: Avens Goldes: Marigold Gosling Wing: Goosegrass Graveyard Dust: Mullein Graveeyard Flowers: Plumeria Ground Apple: Chamomile Ground Raspberry: Golden Seal Great Ox-eye: Ox-eye Daisy Hairs of a Hamadryas Baboon: Dill Seed Hair of Venus: Maidenhair Fern Hag's Taper: Great Mullein Hagthorn: Hawthorn Happy Major: Burdock Harebell: Bluebell Hare's Beard: Great Mullein Headache: Poppy Healing Herb: Comfrey Helmet Flower: Scullcap Herb of Enchantment: Vervain Herb of Grace: Rue, Vervain Hind's Tongue: Hart's Tongue Fern Holy Herb: Yerba Santa Holy Rope: Hemp Agrimony Honey Stalks: Clove Hook and Arn: Yerba Santa Horse Tongue: Hart's Tongue Fern Horse Hoof: Coltsfoot Horse Violet: Pansy Hundred Eyes: Periwinkle Hundred Leaved Grass Indian Dye: Golden Seal Indian God Tree: Banyon Indian Paint: Golden Seal Indian Root: Trillium Indian Sage - Bonesset   Indian Tobacco - Lobelia   Innocense: Bluets Jacob's Ladder - Lily of the Valley Jacob's Staff: Great Mullein Jaundice R Joy of the Mountain: Marjoram Joy on the Ground: Periwinkle Jupiter's Staff: Great Mullein Juno's Tears - Vervain King's Crown: Black Haw Knight's Milfoil: Yarrow Klamath Weed - St Johns Wort Knight's Milfoil - Yarrow Knitback - Comfrey Kronos' Blood: sap of Cedar Ladder to Heaven - Lily of the Valley Lady's Glove: Foxglove Lady's Meat: Hawthorn Lad's Love: Southernwood Lamb's Ears: Betony Lamb Mint: Spearmint Lion's Herb: Columbine Lion's Mouth: Foxglove Lion's Tooth: Dandelion Little Dragon: Tarragon Love Fruit: Orange Love Herbs: Lovage Love Idol: Pansy Love in Idleness: Pansy Love Leaves: Burdock Love Lies Bleeding: Amaranth/Anemone Love Man: Goosegrass Love Parsley: Lovage Love Root: Orris Root Mackeral Mint: Spearmint Maiden's Ruin: Southernwood Man's Health: Ginseng Master of the Woods: Woodruff May: Black Haw May Lily: Lily of the Valley May Rose: Black Haw Mayflower: Hawthorne Maypops: Passion Flower Military Herb: Yarrow Miracle Herb: Comfrey Mistress of the Night: Tuberose Mosquito Plant: Pennyroyal Mutton Chops: Goosegrass Naughty Man's Cherries: Belladonna Nine Hooks: Lady's Mantle Nine Joints: Knotweed Nose Bleed: Yarrow Obeah Wood: Ebony Old-Maid's-Nightcap: Wild Geranium Old Man's Flannel: Great Mullein Old Man Fennel: Mullein Old Man's Pepper: Yarrow Old Uncle Henry: Mugwort Old Woman: Wormwood Oliver: Olive Organ Tea: Pennyroyal Paddock Pipes: Horsetail Password: Primrose Pearl Moss: Irish Moss Peter's Staff: Great Mullein Priest's Crown: Dandelion leaves Poor Man's Treacle: Garlic Pucha-Pat: Patchouli Queen of the Night: Vanilla Cactus Queen of the Meadow: Meadowsweet Queen of the Meadow Root: Gravelroot Queen's Root: Stillengia Quick: Hawthorn Quickbane: Rowan Quick Grass: Witch Grass Rabbits: Toadflax Ram's Head: American Valerian Red Cockscomb: Amaranth Ring-o-bells: Bluebells Robin-run-in-the-grass: Goosegrass Run by the ground: Pennyroyal Sacred Bark: Cascara Sagrada Sacred Herb: Yerba Santa Sacred Mother: Corn Sacred Mushroom: Agaric Sailor's Tobacco: Mugwort Scaldhead: Blackberry See Bright: Clary Sage Seed of Horus: Horehound Semen of Ammon: Houseleek Semen of Ares: Clover Semen of Helios: White Hellebore Semen of Herakles: Mustard-rocket Semen of Hermes: Dill Semen of Hephaistos: Fleabane Seven Year's Love: Yarrow Shameface: Wild Geranium Shepherd's Heart: Shepherd's Purse Silver Bells: Black Haw Silver Dollar: Honesty Snake's Grass: Yarrow Soapwort: Comfrey or Daisy Soldier's Tea: Horehound Sorcerer's Berry: Belladonna Sorcerer's Herb: Datura Sorcerer's Violet: Periwinkle Sparrow's Tongue: Knotweed St. John's Herb: Hemp Agrimony St. John's Plant: Mugwort Star Flower: Borage Star of the Earth: Avens Starweed: Chickweed Storm Hat: Wolf's Bane Summer's Bride: Marigold Sweethearts: Goosegrass Swine's Snout: Dandelion Leaves Tanner's Bark: Toadflax Tarragon: Mugwort Tartar Root: Ginseng Tears of a Hamadryas Baboon: Dill Juice Thousand Weed: Yarrow Thunder Plant: House Leek Tongue of Dog: Houndstongue Torches: Great Mullein Unicorn Root: Ague Root Wax Dolls: Fumitory Weazel Snout: Yellow Archangel White: Ox-eye Daisy White Man's Foot: Common Plantain White Wood: White Cinnamon Witch's Asprin: White Willow Bark Witch's Brier: Brier Hips Weasel Snout: Yellow Archangel Wolf Claw: Club Moss Wolf Foot: Bugle Weed Wolf's Milk: Euphorbia

[sphynxtee]

Pokemon Bulbasaur Pumpkin Halloween Shirt

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[vandaliatraveler]

Swallow Falls State Park straddles a shallow, rocky gorge formed by the convergence of the Youghiogheny River with Muddy Creek near Oakland, Maryland.  Despite its small size, the park is one of the most cherished ecological gems of the Central Appalachians - it protects the only remaining stand of virgin hemlock and white pine forest in Maryland. The park’s trail system descends through this old forest on cool, moss-edged footpaths and narrow, winding alleys lined by sandstone cliffs, where mountain endemics, such as mountain spleenwort (Asplenium montanum), scrape a living from dripping cracks and crevices in the rock walls.  Each turn along Muddy Creek and the Yough brings new discoveries: sweeping rapids, plummeting falls (there are four major falls and many smaller ones), and swirling pools, where leaves collect and spin lazy circles in the fall.  As with its ecologically-significant compatriot, Cathedral State Park (located just a few miles down the road in Aurora, West Virginia), Swallow Falls State Park is lucky to exist at all.  A donation of land to the state of Maryland by John and Robert Garrett in 1906 saved the land now protected by this beautiful park from reckless logging practices at the turn of the last century.

[frolicingintheforest]

Mountain Spleenwort (Asplenium montanum)

[harrietspatial400]

Plant species found in the gardens:

ROSES

CAMELLIA KAMERA CAMELLIA JAPONICA 

ABSOLUTELY FABULOUS TINO FAAHIAHIA SPIRITUS ABSOLUTE 

WILD CHERRY KEREI KORE LUX FERAM FREISIA

LOVE ME DO  AROHA KI AHAU DILIGIT ME  LOVING MEMORIE  PŪMAHARA AROHA MEMORIA AMANTES

ALL MY LOVE TAKU AROHA KATOA OMNIA DILIGARIS COMPASSION TOHUNGIA MISERICORDIA MUTABILIS MUTABILIS RUMOHRA Redwood Redwood Sequoia sempervirens Pinus Radiata Pinus Radiata Pinus Radiata Oak Titoki Quercus Sequoia  Heretaunga Sequoia sempervirens Pines kahikatea Pinus Cork Whau Anthozoa Cupressus Macrocarpa Cupressus Macrocarpa Hesperocyparis macrocarpa

HOUSE LEEKS TE RIKI O TE WHARE SEMPERVIVUM GAMMA

HENS AND CHICKS NGA HENS ME NGA CHICK SEMPERVIVUM TECTORUM

ROSY DEW PLANT WHAKATO E TIKA ANA LAMPRANTHUS ROSEUS

CENTURY PLANT TE TIPU TIPU AGAVE AMERICANA

PANDA PLANT WHAKATO PANDA KALANCHOE TOMENTOSA

JADE PLANT TIPU TIPU CRASSULA PORTULACEA CRASSULA OVATA

MOLDED WAX AGAVE HOIROA TE WANA ECHEVERIA AGAVOIDES

TREE HOUSELEEK RAKAU HOUSELEEK AEONIUM ARBOREUM

SILVER FERN PONGA CYATHEA DEALBATA

SOFT TREE FERN KIRI KAUHAU CYATHEA SMITHII

BLACK TREE FERN PEPA RAKAU PANGO CYTHIA MEDUILARA

SOFT FERN WAANOKEI FERN CHRISTELLA DENTATA

MOTHER FERN MAMA FERN ASPLENIUM BULIFERUM

SHINING SPLEENWORT MAENEENE WHANUI ASPLENIUM OBLONGIFOLIUM

SOFT SHELL FERN HEREWINI PAI POLISTICHUM SETIFURUM

HOLLY FERN HOLLY FERN POLYSTICHUM BRAUNII

JAPANESE TASSEL FERN JAPANESE TASSEL FERN POLYSTICHUM POLYBLEPHARUM

SWEET FERN PAI FERN PTERIS MACILENTA

GULLY FERN GULLY FERN PNEUMAPTERIS PENNIGERA

SWAMP KIOKO ROA KIOKO BLECHNUM MINUS

EARED FERN E RIMA ATHYRIUM OTOPHERUM

LEATHERY SHIELD FERN HURUHURU SHIELD FERN RUMORHA ADIANTIFORMIS

VARIGATED CRETAN BRAKE HARIKOA CRETAN PAREKI PTEROSAURS CRETIA

MOUNTAIN KIOKIO MAUNGA KIOKIO BLECHNUM MONTANUM

HEN AND CHEICKEN FERN HENUA ME TE HEIHEI HEIHEI ASPLENIUM BULBIFERUM

CREEK FERN KIWAKIWA BLECHNUM FLUVIATILE

  VELVET FERN HUATAU FERN LASTREOPIS VELATINA

SHINY SHIELD FERN WHAKAPAU SHIELD FERN LASTREOPSIS ACUMINATA

PRINCE OF WALES FEATHERS HERUHERU LEPTOPTERIS SUPERBA

WALLACHS WOOD FERN PAKI TANGO WOOD DRYOPTERIS WALLICHIANA

DWARF TREE FERN DWARF TREE FERN BLECHNUM GIBBUM