#katharina of aragon

[logi1974]

Südengland 2024 - Tag 27

Ladies and Gentlemen!

Wir sind wieder zurück im Terlingham Vineyard, dort wo unsere Reise Mitte Mai begann.

Die Fahrt vom New Forest Nationalpark war einfach nur grauenhaft. Die A 27 war ab Worthing gesperrt und der ganze Verkehr wurde durch das Nadelöhr von Lancing auf die A 259, an der Küste, umgeleitet. Für 1 Kilometer benötigten wir 1 Stunde. Schlimm!

Die von uns ursprünglich geplante Besichtigung der Sound Mirrors wurde gestrichen, statt dessen kehrten wir irgendwo unterwegs, in einem Landgasthof, zu einem späten Mittagessen ein.

In unserem Cottage, in Terlingham, kamen wir am späten Nachmittag an. Von unserem gut ausgestatteten Wirtschaftsraum mit Waschmaschine, Trockner und großem Wäscheständer, machten wir umgehend Gebrauch. Das brauchen wir alles zu Hause schon nicht mehr waschen, sondern nur noch zurück in den Schrank legen.

Nach dem Frühstück geht es für uns noch einmal zum Leeds Castle. Schließlich gilt das Tickt für ein ganzes Jahr und so können wir noch etwas von dem, doch sehr satten, Eintrittspreis von 35 ₤ p.P. abarbeiten.

Dabei liegt das Castle gar nicht in Leeds, sondern in Kent - gerade einmal eine gute halbe Stunde entfern von unserem Weingut. Die Burg liegt dicht an der Autobahn M20, die zum Eurotunnel führt.

Mit dem beeindruckenden Wassergraben und der Architektur im mittelalterlichen Stil kann man leicht erkennen, warum. 

Zur Burg kann man entweder zu Fuß, über gewundene Wege durch den Park, gehen oder mit einer kleinen Bimmelbahn fahren. Nach wenigen Minuten erreichten wir die von Wasser umgebene Burg und freuten uns, wieder ins Warme zu kommen, denn heute ist es längst nicht so schön, wie bei unserem ersten Besuch.

Dabei kommt man an den Gräbern der Hunde der Lady Olive vorbei, die eine große Liebhaberin großer Doggen war.

Im Gatehouse wird man über die Geschichte des alten Gemäuers informiert, das vor wenigen Jahren sein 900-jähriges Bestehen feierte.

Im dahinter liegenden Innenhof befinden sich die Toiletten, der obligatorische Castle Shop, der Carport für Kinderwagen und die Ausgabestelle für den Audioguide.

Hat man die Eingangskontrolle passiert, darf man nun den eigentlichen Schlossbereich betreten. Überall standen freundliche und mitteilsame Damen und Herren bereit, um Fragen zu beantworten oder Hilfestellung zu leisten.

Unglaublich interessant ist, welche hochrangigen Frauen, die in seiner langen Geschichte, einst im Besitz dieser Burg waren. Von Eleonore von Kastilien, der Frau Eduards I., bis hin zu Katharina von Aragon, der Frau Heinrichs VIII., betrachteten viele königliche Frauen die Burg als ihre Heimat. 

Besonders faszinierend war die Zeit der 1930er Jahre, als die damalige Eigentümerin Olive, Lady Baillie (1899-1974) in der Burg rauschende Feste abhielt, bei denen jede Menge Prominenz aus Adel, Politik und Showbusiness anwesend war.

Im Jahr 1926 erhaschte Olive Wilson-Filmer (zu dem Zeitpunkt noch in zweiter Ehe) ihren ersten Blick auf Leeds Castle und für sie war es Liebe auf den ersten Blick, trotz des traurigen Zustands, in dem es sich damals befand. Die letzte Person, die im Schloss lebte, war zuvor bereits 1870 gestorben. 

Als jemand mit doppelter, amerikanischer und englischer, Staatsangehörigkeit suchte Olive nach einem standesgemäßen Rückzugsort auf dem Lande, abseits von London. 

Sie erwarb das Castle im Jahr 1927 für 180.000 Pfund (heute etwas mehr als 9 Millionen Pfund).

Vieles von dem, was wir heute sehen können, wurde größtenteils von Olive Wilson, der späteren Lady Baillie, erschaffen, nachdem sie ihren dritten Ehemann geheiratet hatte. 

Für den Wiederaufbau beauftragte sie Armand-Albert Rateau und andere französische Handwerker, denn sie glaubte, die Franzosen würden in der Lage sein, dem Ort einen Hauch von Geschichte zurückzugeben.

Auch ortsansässige Männer wurden angeheuert, aber die Franzosen wurden benötigt, um französische Materialien wie Schornsteine ​​und Eichentüren zu beschaffen. 

Sie machte sich mit der für sie typischen Entschlossenheit und Tatkraft daran, das langsam verfallende Schloss zu retten. Mit Hilfe der größten französischen Designer ihrer Zeit gestaltete sie die Innenräume neu, um ihnen Komfort und Art-Déco-Mode zu verleihen. 

Bei all den hinzugefügten historischen Gegenständen, darunter Replika von Möbeln aus dem 18. Jahrhundert, stand modernes Wohnen im Vordergrund.

Im Schloss wurde beispielloser Luxus installiert, darunter Fußbodenheizung, Onyx-Badezimmer mit neumodischen amerikanischen Waschgelegenheiten – der Komfort und die Unterhaltung ihrer Gäste standen an erster Stelle. 

Als ob das nicht luxuriös genug wäre, wurde 1939 ein beheiztes Freibad auf dem Gelände angelegt, komplett mit einer Wellenmaschine und einer nahegelegenen Cocktailbar. 

Die Bar war mit einem Wandgemälde geschmückt, das Neville Chamberlain, den damaligen Premierminister, beim Schlittschuhlaufen auf einem zugefrorenen Teich zeigte, umgeben von Statuen von Frauen und Kindern, die Adolf Hitler, Winston Churchill, Hermann Göring und Duff Cooper darstellten. 

Im Park wurden Zebras, Lamas und andere exotische Tiere angesiedelt. Die ursprünglich aus Australien importierten schwarzen Schwäne wurden dann sogar zum Wappentier von Leeds Castle.

Diese Ergänzungen spiegelten die Nutzung von Leeds Castle als prominenter Ort der Unterhaltung für die High Society in den 1920er und 1930er Jahren wider.

Und niemand, egal wie reich, berühmt oder mächtig, würde sich die Gelegenheit entgehen lassen, die Gastfreundschaft von Leeds Castle zu genießen.  Lady Olive Baillie fand ihre größte Freude daran, faszinierende und einflussreiche Menschen zusammenzubringen. 

Wie eine großartige Casting-Direktorin kombinierte sie Königshäuser (George, Herzog von Kent, Königin Marie von Rumänien oder Edward, Prince of Wales und seine Geliebte Wallace Simpson) mit Stars der Leinwand (Douglas Fairbanks, Cary Grant, Charlie Chaplin, Errol Flynn, David Niven, Noel Coward) und mächtige Politiker und Abgeordneten (Winston Churchill, Anthony Eden). 

Während dieser Partys wurden Aktivitäten wie Golf, Tennis, Squash, Krocket und Bootfahren angeboten oder Schlittschuhlaufen auf dem Wassergraben oder Picknick in der weitläufigen Parklandschaft.

Am Abend, nach einem üppigen Abendessen, begaben sich die Gäste dann in den mit Samt ausgekleideten Großen Salon, wo eine speziell ausgelegte Tanzfläche aus Ebenholz bereitstand.

Man unterhielt sich zu Musik auf Grammophonen oder sah die neuesten Filmveröffentlichungen.  

Tatsächlich scheute Lady Baillie selbst jegliche Öffentlichkeit und ihre Diskretion, gepaart mit der natürlichen Abgeschiedenheit eines Schlosses auf einer Insel, sorgte dafür, dass prominente Gäste, von denen viele einen Großteil ihres Lebens in der Öffentlichkeit standen, sich völlig entspannen konnten ohne Angst von der Presse abgelichtet zu werden. 

Als der Profumo-Skandal losbrach und Profumo am Wochenende zu Gast war, berichtete eine Zeitzeugin: „Aber alles, was die wartenden Journalisten sahen, war ein von Unkraut verstopfter Wassergraben.“ 

Tatsächlich hat die große Privatsphäre des Schlosses im Laufe der Jahre dazu geführt, dass viele globale Konferenzen innerhalb dieser sicheren Mauern stattfanden, darunter in jüngster Zeit auch die irischen Friedensgespräche.

Lady Baillie starb 1974 nach einem erfüllten und faszinierenden Leben und ihre größte Liebe, Leeds Castle, hinterließ sie der Nation. 

Die Sorgfalt, die Olive in die Restaurierung des Schlosses steckte, ist sicherlich ein unvergessliches Vermächtnis in Bezug auf die Architektur und die Innenräume, aber vielleicht wird sie am meisten in Erinnerung bleiben, weil sie in diesem eine große Anzahl berühmter Persönlichkeiten empfangen hat.

Die Burg ging in den Besitz der Leeds Castle Foundation über. Die Lady wollte sie nicht dem National Trust überlassen, der sicherlich auch nichts dagegen gehabt hätte.

Nach der Besichtigung gehen wir rüber zum Restaurant "Castle View". Dort wird ebenfalls der berühmte Afternoon Tea angeboten. Das wollen wir uns natürlich nicht entgehen lassen.

Erst gibt es am Empfang ein wenig Verwirrung darüber, ob der Afternoon Tea denn nun ohne Voranmeldung, wie auf der Homepage beschrieben, angeboten wird oder nicht. Wird er dann aber doch!

Und so dürfen wir auf der Terrasse mit Blick auf das Castle Platz nehmen. Die nächste Hürde folgt auf dem Fuß: die Teebestellung!

Ich möchte von der Bedienung wisse, welche Teesorten angeboten werden,

Antwort: Alle!

Frage: Auch Redbush Tea (Rooibos)?

Antwort: Ja, roten Tee haben wir auch.

Frage: Nein, keinen roten Früchte Tee, sondern den Tee aus Südafrika?

Antwort: Oh, da muss ich fragen!

Und dann verschwand sie erst einmal. Es dauerte einige Zeit bis dann die zuständige Restaurantleitung, mit einem großen Tablett und den unterschiedlichsten Teesorten, bei uns auftauchte und sich entschuldigte, man wäre sich nicht sicher mit diesem speziellen "roten Tee". Der käme doch aus dieser besonderen Region in China ...

Äääh, nein, der kommt aus Südafrika und wird nicht aus Blättern, sondern aus den Zweigen des Redbush (Rooibos) gewonnen.

To cut a long story short: wir bestellten dann am Ende den Earl Grey. Der kam dann auch, wie inzwischen schon erwartet, als Teebeutel.

Überraschenderweise sind aber alle Bestandteile der Etagere doch super frisch und die Scones noch angenehm war. Natürlich gehören auch Stoffservietten zum Gesamtkonzept.

Zum Preis von 25 ₤ p.P. ist das ein respektables Ergebnis, zumal auf die übliche Vorbestellung verzichtet wird und man einfach als walk-in bestellen kann.

Das wird dann auch unser letzter Afternoon Tea für dieses Jahr, denn unsere Reise geht zu Ende. Die Fähre bringt uns zurück auf den Kontinent.

Leider ist es wieder bedeckt und so sind die weißen Klippen von Dover eher wieder die schmuddelig-grauen Klippen von Dover.

Ich danke all meinen Lesern, die bis hierhin tapfer durchgehalten haben, für die Aufmerksamkeit. Wir lesen uns wieder im Dezember, falls Ihr möchtet, wenn es für uns noch einmal nach Namibia geht.

Good Night and Goodbye!

Angie, Micha und Mister Bunnybear (Hasenbär)

[schnitzelsemmerl]

HAIII !!! explained to my mom the six wives of henry the 8th and its rly funny seeing their names translated into ptbr lol ,, did german also translate them over??

HI >:33 yea they did!! :D

catherine of aragon - katharina von aragon (i have heard katharina von aragonien too but i think that's less common......😨)

anne boleyn - anna boleyn, sometimes anne

jane seymour - jane seymour

anna of cleves - anna von kleve (originally :3)

katherine howard - katherine howard

catherine parr - catherine parr

usually their names stay english, but if you refer to them with their title (e.g "queen catherine parr" its "königin katharina parr" atleast from what i heard)

how is it with u?? (ptbr) :3

[okami-117]

Catherine: French form of Katherine, and also a common English variant.

Katherine:

From the Greek name Αἰκατερίνη (Aikaterine). The etymology is debated: it could derive from an earlier Greek name Ἑκατερινη (Hekaterine), itself from ἑκάτερος (hekateros) meaning "each of the two"; it could derive from the name of the goddess Hecate; it could be related to Greek αἰκία (aikia) meaning "torture"; or it could be from a Coptic name meaning "my consecration of your name". In the early Christian era it became associated with Greek καθαρός (katharos) meaning "pure", and the Latin spelling was changed from Katerina to Katharina to reflect this.The name was borne by a semi-legendary 4th-century saint and martyr from Alexandria who was tortured on a spiked wheel. The saint was initially venerated in Syria, and returning crusaders introduced the name to Western Europe. It has been common in England since the 12th century in many different spellings, with Katherine and Catherine becoming standard in the later Middle Ages. To this day both spellings are regularly used in the English-speaking world. In the United States the spelling Katherine has been more popular since 1973.Famous bearers of the name include Catherine of Siena, a 14th-century mystic, and Catherine de' Medici, a 16th-century French queen. It was also borne by three of Henry VIII's wives, including Katherine of Aragon, and by two empresses of Russia, including Catherine the Great.

[persoenlichkeiten]

Heinrich VIII. (1491–1547)

war von 1509 bis 1547 König von England, ab 1509 Herr der Lordschaft Irland und ab 1541 König von Irland

1. **Geburt und Familie:** Heinrich wurde am 28. Juni 1491 in Greenwich, England, als zweiter Sohn von König Heinrich VII. und Elizabeth von York geboren. Seine ältere Bruder Arthur starb früh, und so wurde Heinrich der Thronfolger.

2. **Thronbesteigung:** Im Jahr 1509 bestieg Heinrich VIII. den Thron nach dem Tod seines Vaters. Er heiratete seine Bruderwitwe, Katharina von Aragon, um die dynastische Linie fortzusetzen.

3. **Sechs Ehen:** Heinrich VIII. ist bekannt für seine sechs Ehen. Seine Ehe mit Katharina von Aragon blieb kinderlos, außer einer überlebenden Tochter, Maria. Aufgrund des Mangels an männlichen Erben suchte Heinrich nach einer Möglichkeit, seine Ehe mit Katharina zu annullieren, was zu seinem Bruch mit der römisch-katholischen Kirche führte.

4. **Gründung der Anglikanischen Kirche:** Aufgrund von Differenzen mit dem Papst über die Annullierung seiner Ehe mit Katharina von Aragon trennte sich Heinrich von der römisch-katholischen Kirche und gründete die Church of England. Dies ermöglichte ihm, Anne Boleyn zu heiraten.

5. **Tudor-Herrschaft:** Heinrich VIII. führte verschiedene Reformen durch, die dazu beitrugen, die königliche Autorität zu stärken. Er war jedoch auch für seine brutalen Methoden, wie die Auflösung der Klöster und die Hinrichtung von politischen Gegnern, bekannt.

6. **Tod und Erbe:** Heinrich VIII. starb am 28. Januar 1547. Sein Sohn Eduard VI. folgte ihm auf den Thron, gefolgt von seinen beiden Töchtern, Maria I. und Elisabeth I. Sein Erbe prägte weiterhin die Geschichte Englands und hatte weitreichende Auswirkungen auf die Religions- und Politikentwicklung.

[pastedpast]

Today's task: making a start on the 'queens an' tings' scrapbook. Printed the pictures out at Bradford library, good quality ink in the printers there: waterproof, unlike mine.

Just learnt this re. Catherine of Aragon from good ole Wikipedia:

In modern sources, her name is most commonly spelled Catherine, although she spelled and signed her name with a "K,"...

Apparently the reason it's spelt with a C is in regard to the Spanish Caterina or Catalina. A member of an online Tudor history group told me:

Her baptismal name was "Catalina", but "Katherine" was soon the accepted form in England after her marriage to Arthur. Catherine herself signed her name "Katherine", "Katherina", "Katharine" and sometimes "Katharina". In a letter to her, Arthur, her husband, addressed her as "Princess Katerine". Her daughter Queen Mary I called her "Quene Kateryn", in her will. Rarely were names, particularly first names, written in an exact manner during the sixteenth century and it is evident from Catherine's own letters that she endorsed different variations. Loveknots built into his various palaces by her husband, Henry VIII, display the initials "H & K", as do other items belonging to Henry and Catherine, including gold goblets, a gold salt cellar, basins of gold, and candlesticks. Her tomb in Peterborough Cathedral is marked "Katharine Queen of England".

[theamaus]

Anyone else obsessed with Six the Musical?

Saw these girls everywhere and decided I should find out what the hype was about and oooooh it is GOOD!

[latristereina]

Katherine of Aragon's Crown is a dessert created by the Ascaso confectionery for the publication of the book "The Thyssen on the plate". The creators took their inspiration from the portrait of the young infanta, attributed to Juan de Flandes. "The serenity and strength that is transmitted by the daughter of the Catholic Kings in this painting had an impact on us at the Ascaso confectionery from the start. Shakespeare described her as 'Queen of all the queens and a role model of femenine grace'. Through her, we also wanted to give a tribute to our land", as Sura Ascaso, responsible for the business development of the company from Huesca, explains.

The Ascaso's team moved from their bakery to the Renaissance era, while they were thinking about a dessert that could have been savored in Katherine of Aragon's times. "Having consulted various works related to cooking, like the Ruperto de Nola's (1470-1520) cookbook, we created a crown in which the roses, like the one that Katherine holds between her fingers in the painting, are key elements", Sura Ascaso explains. The "Katherine of Aragon's Crown" is a circular shaped candy made from marzipan with rose water, combined with other flavors, that were very appreciated by people of the time, such as saffron, yolk, ginger and fruit (in this case it's pear pastry). The decoration was made with yolk and natural crystallized roses: "It's a dessert that stands out due to its elegance on the plate and the combination of textures, a result of the superposition of layers. Those flavors intermingle and acquire nuances in mouth", Ascaso points out. The dessert made by confectionery from Huesca appears in the publication "The Thyssen on the plate" among other master pastry chefs, such as Paco Torreblanca, Andrea Dopico and Oriol Balaguer. (x)

The Thyssen is a museum located in Madrid, Spain.

Many thanks to @catalinaofaragon for bringing it to my attention.

[kyrathered]

(via Maria de Salinas, a True Friend) Maria de Salinas -- who defied King Henry VIII to come to Katharina of Aragon's deathbed --  was the kind of friend we all hope to have, and should aspire to be. 

[catalinadearagonsblog]

Natalia Rodríguez

Annette Crosbie

Charlotte Hope

María Doyle Kennedy

Paola Bontempi

Frances Cuka

Melida Molina

as Katherine of Aragon, Catalina de Aragón, Caterina d'Aragó, Catarina de Aragão, Katalina Aragoikoa, Caterina d'Aragona, Catherine d'Aragon, Katharina von Aragon, Katarzyna Aragońska, Екатерина Арагонская, Αικατερίνη της Αραγωνίας, 阿拉貢的凱瑟琳, كاثرين أراغون, Katarina av Aragonien, Aragóniai Katalin, Caitríona Aragón, Kataríny Aragónskej, Catharina Aragonensis

[justforbooks]

Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century

Starting from a preliminary list of 200 titles created by bookshops and journalists, 17,000 French participants responded to the question, "Which books have remained in your memory?" (Quels livres sont restés dans votre mémoire?).

The list includes both classic novels and genre fiction (Tolkien, Agatha Christie, A. C. Doyle), as well as poetry, drama and nonfiction literature (Freud's essays and the diary of Anne Frank). There are also comic books on the list, one album from each of these five francophone series: Asterix, Tintin, Corto Maltese, Blake and Mortimer and Gaston. The large number of French novels of the list is due to the demographics of the surveyed group. (Likewise, comparable lists by English language sources—- such as the two lists of Modern Library 100 Best Novels published in 1998, one by the Board of the Modern Library and the other by readers who responded—- disproportionately favor British and American authors. Non-English language works were not eligible for the two Modern Library lists.)

1. The Stranger & The Outsider Albert Camus 2. In Search of Lost Time & Remembrance of Things Past Marcel Proust 3. The Trial Franz Kafka 4. The Little Prince Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 5. Man's Fate André Malraux 6. Journey to the End of the Night Louis-Ferdinand Céline 7. The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck 8. For Whom the Bell Tolls Ernest Hemingway 9. Le Grand Meaulnes Alain-Fournier 10. Froth on the Daydream Boris Vian 11. The Second Sex Simone de Beauvoir 12. Waiting for Godot Samuel Beckett 13. Being and Nothingness Jean-Paul Sartre 14. The Name of the Rose Umberto Eco 15. The Gulag Archipelago Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 16. Paroles Jacques Prévert 17. Alcools Guillaume Apollinaire 18. The Blue Lotus Hergé 19. The Diary of a Young Girl Anne Frank 20. Tristes Tropiques Claude Lévi-Strauss 21. Brave New World Aldous Huxley 22. Nineteen Eighty-Four George Orwell 23. Asterix the Gaul René Goscinny and Albert Uderzo 24. The Bald Soprano Eugène Ionesco 25. Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality Sigmund Freud 26. The Abyss Zeno of Bruges Marguerite Yourcenar 27. Lolita Vladimir Nabokov 28. Ulysses James Joyce 29. The Tartar Steppe Dino Buzzati 30. The Counterfeiters André Gide 31. The Horseman on the Roof Jean Giono 32. Belle du Seigneur Albert Cohen 33. One Hundred Years of Solitude Gabriel García Márquez 34. The Sound and the Fury William Faulkner 35. Thérèse Desqueyroux François Mauriac 36. Zazie in the Metro Raymond Queneau 37. Confusion of Feelings Stefan Zweig 38. Gone with the Wind Margaret Mitchell 39. Lady Chatterley's Lover D.H. Lawrence 40. The Magic Mountain Thomas Mann 41. Bonjour Tristesse Françoise Sagan 42. Le Silence de la mer Vercors 43. Life: A User's Manual Georges Perec 44. The Hound of the Baskervilles Arthur Conan Doyle 45. Under the Sun of Satan Georges Bernanos 46. The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald 47. The Joke Milan Kundera 48. Contempt/A Ghost at Noon Alberto Moravia 49. The Murder of Roger Ackroyd Agatha Christie 50. Nadja André Breton 51. Aurélien Louis Aragon 52.The Satin Slipper Paul Claudel 53. Six Characters in Search of an Author Luigi Pirandello 54. The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui Bertolt Brecht 55. Friday Michel Tournier 56. The War of the Worlds H.G. Wells 57. If This Is a Man Se questo è un uomo, Survival in Auschwitz Primo Levi 58. The Lord of the Rings J.R.R. Tolkien 59. The Tendrils of the Vine Colette 60. Capital of Pain Paul Éluard 61. Martin Eden Jack London 62. The Ballad of the Salty Sea Hugo Pratt 63. Writing Degree Zero Roland Barthes 64. The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum Heinrich Böll 65. The Opposing Shore Julien Gracq 66. The Order of Things Michel Foucault 67. On the Road Jack Kerouac 68. The Wonderful Adventures of Nils Selma Lagerlöf 69. A Room of One's Own Virginia Woolf 70. The Martian Chronicles Ray Bradbury 71. The Ravishing of Lol Stein Marguerite Duras 72. The Interrogation J.M.G. Le Clézio 73. Tropisms Nathalie Sarraute 74. Journal, 1887–1910 Jules Renard 75. Lord Jim Joseph Conrad 76. Écrits Jacques Lacan 77. The Theatre and Its Double Antonin Artaud 78. Manhattan Transfer John Dos Passos 79. Ficciones Jorge Luis Borges 80. Moravagine Blaise Cendrars 81. The General of the Dead Army Ismail Kadare 82. Sophie's Choice William Styron 83. Gypsy Ballads Federico García Lorca 84. The Strange Case of Peter the Lett Georges Simenon 85. Our Lady of the Flowers Jean Genet 86. The Man Without Qualities Robert Musil 87. Furor and Mystery René Char 88. The Catcher in the Rye J.D. Salinger 89. No Orchids For Miss Blandish James Hadley Chase 90. Blake and Mortimer Edgar P. Jacobs 91. The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge Rainer Maria Rilke 92. Second Thoughts Michel Butor 93. The Origins of Totalitarianism The Burden of Our Time Hannah Arendt 94. The Master and Margarita Mikhail Bulgakov 95. The Rosy Crucifixion Henry Miller 96. The Big Sleep Raymond Chandler 97. Amers Saint-John Perse 98. Gaston Gomer Goof André Franquin 99. Under the Volcano Malcolm Lowry 100. Midnight's Children Salman Rushdie

Daily inspiration. Discover more photos at http://justforbooks.tumblr.com

[the-literata-letters]

reading list - political fiction

CLICK HERE TO ACCESS MY OTHER READING LISTS.

✵ ACTIVELY UPDATING ✵

☐  ARAGON, Louis – Le Monde réel series ☐  BÖLL, Heinrich – Die verlorene Ehre der Katharina Blum oder ☐  BRULLER, Jean – Le Silence de la mer ☐  CONRAD, Joseph – Nostromo ☐  CONRAD, Joseph – The Secret Agent ☐  DIDION, Joan – Democracy ☐  DOS PASSOS, John – U.S.A. Trilogoy ☐  ENDORE, Guy – Babouk ☐  GASKELL, Elizabeth – North and South ☐  IMAM, Neamat – The Black Coat ☐  KOESTLER, Arthur – Sonnenfinsternis ☐  LESSING, Doris – The Golden Notebook ☐  NAIPAUL, V. S. – A Bend in the River ☐  VARGAS LLOSA, Mario – Conversación en La Catedral ☐  WARREN, Robert Penn – All the King's Men ☐  WRIGHT, Richard – Native Son

[sixfacts]

Queen Facts: #15

Catharine of Aragon’s name was spelled a litany of different ways. Her birth name was “Catalina”, but she signed her name “Katherine”, “Katherina”, “Katharine”, and “Katharina”. It was also spelled as “Katerine” and “Kateryn” by Arthur and Mary respectively.

[germanaustriannoblesandroyals]

Master Post - Members by birth

Disclaimer: Houses that rule(d)/reside(d) in other countries but originally came from German and/or Austrian territories and/or are generally regarded as belonging to this cultural room are listed among the German & Austrian Houses.

German & Austrian Houses

House of Ascania

Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst aka Catherine the Great

House of Coburg (Cadet branch of the House of Wettin)

Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, The Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

Princess Antoinette of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Duchess of Württemberg

Princess Charlotte of Belgium, The Empress of Mexico, Archduchess of Austria

Princess Stéphanie of Belgium, Crown Princess of Austria, Hungary & Bohemia

Princess Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland, Princess Royal, The German Empress

Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, The Princess of Leiningen, The Duchess of Kent

House of Griffin

Elizabeth of Pomerania, Holy Roman Empress

House of Habsburg

Archduchess Johanna of Austria, The Grand Duchess of Tuscany

Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, Holy Roman Empress, The Electress of Bavaria

Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, Princess of Lorraine and Bar

Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria, The Electress of Bavaria

Archduchess Maria Antonia “Marie Antoinette” of Austria, The Queen of France and Navarre

Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria, The Empress of Brazil, Queen of Portugal & the Algarves

Maria Theresia, The Archduchess of Austria, Holy Roman Empress

Archduchess Sophie of Austria

House of Hanover (Cadet branch of the House of Welf)

Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, The Queen in Prussia

Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, Empress of India

House of Hesse

Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine, Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia

Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia

House of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

Princess Adelheid of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, The Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein

Princess Feodora of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, The Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen

House of Hohenstaufen

Elisabeth “Beatrix” of Swabia, The Queen of Castile, León & Galicia

Konstanze “Anna” of Hohenstaufen, The Empress of Nicaea

House of Hohenzollern

Princess Anna Amalia of Prussia

Princess Caroline of Ansbach, The Queen of Great Britain & Ireland, The Electress of Hanover

Princess Elisabeth of Brandenburg, The Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen

Princess Luise of Prussia, Princess Radziwiłł

Princess Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, The Queen of Sweden

Princess Marie of Prussia, The Queen of Bavaria

Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia, The Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth

House of La Marck

Amalia of Cleves

Anne of Cleves, The Queen of England

Sybille of Cleves, The Electress of Saxony

House of Leiningen

Princess Feodora of Leiningen, The Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

House of Liechtenstein

Princess Sophie of Liechtenstein, Countess Esterházy de Galantha

House of Mecklenburg

Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Great Britain, Ireland & Hanover

Elisabeth of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Princess of Brunswick-Lüneburg aka Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia

Friederike (Federica) of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Hanover

Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Queen of Prussia

Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, The Princess of Thurn and Taxis

House of Northeim

Richenza of Northeim, Holy Roman Empress

House of Oldenburg

Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, German Empress

Princess Cecilie of Greece & Denmark, The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

House of Reuß

Princess Hermine Reuß of Greiz, “German Empress”

House of Thurn and Taxis

Princes Marie Auguste of Thurn and Taxis, Duchess of Württemberg

House of Welf

Adelaide of Burgundy, Holy Roman Empress, Queen of Italy

Princess Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenb��ttel, The Queen of the United Kingdom & Hanover

Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empress

Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, The Queen in & of Prussia

Princess Juliane of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, The Queen of Denmark and Norway

House of Wettin

Adelheid (Adelaide) of Saxe-Meiningen, The Queen of the United Kingdom and Hanover

Princess Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, German Empress

Princess Christina of Saxony, The Landgravine of Hesse

Princess Luise (Louise) of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, The Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, The Countess of Pölzig and Beiersdorf

House of Wied-Neuwied

Princess Elisabeth of Wied, The Queen & Princess of Romania

House of Wittelsbach

Princess Alexandra of Bavaria

Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria, The Queen of Saxony

Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg, Holy Roman Empress

Elisabeth “Sisi” in Bavaria, The Empress of Austria

Elisabeth (Isabeau) of Bavaria, The Queen of France

Princess Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria, The Queen of Prussia

Helene “Néné” in Bavaria, The Hereditary Princess of Thurn and Taxis

Princess Ludovika of Bavaria, The Duchess in Bavaria

Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria, The Archduchess of Inner Austria-Styria

Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria, The Queen of Saxony

Marie in Bavaria, The Queen of Two Sicilies

Baroness Marie Louise of Wallersee, Countess of Larisch

Mathilde in Bavaria, The Countess of Trani

Sophie in Bavaria, The Duchess of Alençon

Princess Sophie of Bavaria, Archduchess of Austria

House of Württemberg

Mary of Teck, The Queen of the United Kingdom & British Dominions, Empress of India

Princess Sophie of Württemberg, The Queen of the Netherlands

Minor Nobles

Anna Constantia of Brockdorff, The Imperial Countess of Cosel

Katharina von Bora, Mrs Martin Luther

Baroness Louise Lehzen

Baroness Marie “Mary” of Vetsera

Sophie Botta, The Dark Countess of Hildburghausen

Sophie of Pannwitz, Countess of Voß

Foreign Houses

House of Albret

Jeanne d’Albret, The Queen of Navarre, 1. The Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg and 2. The Duchess of Vendôme

House of Aviz

Infanta Eleonor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress

House of Bourbon

Princess Louise d’Orléans, Princess Alfons of Bavaria

Byzantine Imperial Family

Princess Eudokia Laskarina of Nicaea, The Hereditary Duchess of Austria

Irene of Byzantium, The Queen of the Germans, The Duchess of Swabia

Princess Theodora Angelina, The Duchess of Austria & Styria

Princess Theodora Komnene of Byzantium, The Duchess of Bavaria & Austria

Theophanu, Holy Roman Empress

House of Chotek

Countess Sophie Chotek of Chotkowa and Wognin, The Duchess of Hohenberg

House of Este

Maria Beatrice d’Este, The Duchess of Massa & Carrara, Archduchess of Austria

House of Jagiellon

Jadwiga (Hedwig) Jagiellon, The Electress of Brandenburg

House of Stuart

Elizabeth Stuart, The Queen of Bohemia & Electress Palatine

House of Trastámara

Queen Joanna “The Mad” of Castile, Léon & Aragon, The Duchess of Burgundy, Archduchess of Austria

House of Valois

Mary, The Duchess of Burgundy, Archduchess of Austria

Commoners

Fatima Kariman aka Maria Aurora (von) Spiegel

Helene Baltazzi, The Baroness of Vetsera

Louise Rump, Mrs Ebert

Margot Großmann, Mrs Sauerbruch

Maria Anna Mozart, The Imperial Baroness Berchthold

Maria “Mizzi” Kaspar

Ottilie Richter, Baroness of Faber

Sophie Scholl

[shalebridge-cradle]

Historical References in What Are You Going to Do With Your Life? Chapters 1-3

Because I can’t not do that. Small warning for a mention of animal death.

Chapter 1

The others are familiar, and she can guess who they are – but there shouldn't be any pictures of them left. After Anne’s and Katherine’s executions, all portraits of them were removed or destroyed. There are no surviving portraits of Anne Boleyn from when she was alive;  the picture we normally associate with her was made during the reign of her daughter (though it may be a copy of a lost original portrait). There is no conclusive evidence that any of the portraits meant to depict Katherine Howard are actually her.

The woodcut referenced. I just like it.

 Anne of Cleves was referred to as “The King’s Beloved Sister” after the annulment. This granted her a status at court just below the king’s children.

Catherine Parr’s previous marriages were to Sir Edward Burgh (pronounced and sometimes spelled as Borough), and to John Neville, the third Baron Latimer. She does not introduce herself as Lady Seymour/Sudeley for reasons.

Katherine Howard and Anne of Cleves were reported to have danced with one another during 1541’s New Years’ celebrations, after a politeness duel where each was overly gracious to the other. They both won.

Lamentation of a Sinner’s original title page reads Lamentacion of a synner, made by the moſte vertuous Lady quene Caterine, bewailyng the ignoraunce of her blynd life: ſet fourth + put in print at the inſtant deſire of the right gracious lady Caterine ducheſſe of Suffolke, and the erneſt requeſt of the right honourable Lord William Parre, Marqueſſe of Northhampton. With that capitalisation. Not sure how to feel about the fact we got rid of the long ‘s’ (ſ).

Leading on from the above, how do you spell any of the Catherines’ names? Who knows? Catherine of Aragon (christened Catalina) was known to spell her own English name as Katherine, Katherina, Katharine and Katharina, and her first husband and daughter spelt it Katerine and Kateryn respectively.

Chapter 2

The only thing of note to interpret is Catherine’s weird dream.

A council of lords surrounds a young boy in a crown. She knows this boy. He dips his fingers in ink, runs them over parchment. A robed man – her brother-in-law, Edward – takes it, and weeps. Edward VI signs Thomas Seymour’s execution warrant.

She sees her husband, Thomas, Elizabeth close by. Watches as the order whips in the wind, flies straight and true through her once-beloved’s neck. The execution of Thomas Seymour.

Her ward, Jane Grey, pats the ground in front of her, blindfolded and lost. Mary, her stepdaughter, grey and stern, looms above, clutching a crucifix to the point of drawing blood, dripping down on Jane. Behind them, England burns on a pyre. The execution of Lady Jane Grey, and the reign of Mary I. More on the latter at another time.

Elizabeth, resplendent in pearls and gems, but so much older. Looking forward. The reign of Elizabeth I.

A rose withers and dies, its remains left in an old, dusty tome. She blinks, and all are gone. Nothing more than blood and ash. End of the Tudor dynasty.

But she is iron, and feels nothing./But she is marble, and feels nothing/But she is a memory, and feels nothing. All references to Catherine Parr’s memorial, which was commissioned at some point during the 1850s (the marble effigy was unfinished in 1859).

Chapter 3

Jane’s cough is a reference to both Edward VI’s death of suspected tuberculosis, and a possible cause of death for herself; a pulmonary embolism.

“He’s… at school. Christ’s Hospital School! In Sussex!” He isn’t. Edward VI is buried in Westminster Abbey, along with his grandparents and half-sisters. If the truth was told, and Edward spent his time in the place where all the kings are buried, the worst would be assumed. Christ’s Hospital was founded by Edward, and the school left a stone to mark his grave in 1966. He does spend all his days in the chapel, though.

Dr. Gray and Dr. Carter, whoever they may be… They wrote Gray’s Anatomy – the book. A slightly damaged first edition went for $4800, which ties into chapter 4.

Lamentation of a Sinner was written in the autumn of 1546 at the latest, then published in 1547.

Thomas Seymour attempted to kidnap his nephew in a laughably incompetent coup, where the only casualty was one of King Edward’s dogs (it barked, so Thomas shot it). Thomas was convicted of treason and executed.

[thebritishmonarchycouk]

Historic Royal Signatures

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Henry VIII's wives

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Katharine of Aragon

We all know about Henry's six wives, and the break from Rome etc, so here I am concentrating on other facts about the Queen, her description & her education & contemporary reputation.

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She was Queen of England from June 1509 until May 1533 as the first wife of King Henry VIII.

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She was the daughter of Isabella I of Castile & Ferdinand II of Aragon.

Her baptismal name was "Catalina", but "Katherine" was soon the accepted form in England after her marriage to Arthur. She signed her name "Katherine", "Katherina", "Katharine" & sometimes "Katharina". In a letter to her, Arthur, her husband, addressed her as "Princess Katerine". Rarely were names, particularly first names, written in an exact manner during the sixteenth century & it is evident from her own letters that she endorsed different variations. Loveknots built into his various palaces by her husband, Henry VIII, display the initials "H & K", as do other items, including gold goblets, a gold salt cellar, basins of gold, & candlesticks. Her tomb in Peterborough Cathedral is marked "Katharine Queen of England", my preferred spelling.

.

Katharine was educated by a tutor, Alessandro Geraldini, who was a clerk in Holy Orders. She studied arithmetic, canon & civil law, classical literature, genealogy & heraldry, history, philosophy, religion, & theology. She had a strong religious upbringing & developed her Roman Catholic faith that would play a major role in later life. She learned to speak, read & write in Spanish and Latin, & spoke French & Greek. She was also taught domestic skills, such as cooking, dancing, drawing, embroidery, good manners, lace-making, music, needlepoint, sewing, spinning, & weaving.

For six months in 1513, she served as regent of England while Henry VIII was in France. During that time the English won the Battle of Flodden, an event in which Katharine played an important part with an emotional speech about English courage.

The Education of a Christian Woman by Juan Luis Vives, controversial at its release for promoting that WOMEN have the right to an EDUCATION, was commissioned by and dedicated to her in 1523. Such was Katharine's impression on people that even her enemy, Thomas Cromwell, said of her, "If not for her sex, she could have defied all the heroes of History." She successfully appealed for the lives of the rebels involved in the Evil May Day, for the sake of their families. Katharine also won widespread admiration by starting an extensive programme for the relief of the poor. She was a patron of Renaissance humanism, & a friend of the great scholars Erasmus of Rotterdam & Thomas More.

Katharine was of a very fair complexion, had blue eyes, & had a hair colour that was between reddish-blonde & auburn. In her youth she was described as "the most beautiful creature in the world" & that there was "nothing lacking in her that the most beautiful girl should have". Thomas More and Lord Herbert would reflect later in her lifetime that in regard to her appearance "there were few women who could compete with the Queen [Katharine] in her prime."

She was descended, on her maternal side, from the House of Lancaster, an English royal house; her great-grandmother Catherine of Lancaster, after whom she was named, & her great-great-grandmother Philippa of Lancaster were both daughters of John of Gaunt & granddaughters of Edward III of England. Consequently, she was third cousin of her father-in-law, Henry VII of England, & fourth cousin of her mother-in-law Elizabeth of York.

Katharine was pregnant six times altogether;

▪️On 31 January 1510, she delivered a stillborn girl

▪️A son, Henry, Duke of Cornwall, was born on 1 January 1511, On 22 February 1511, after only 52 days of life, the young prince died suddenly. It was said that he died of an intestinal complaint.

▪️On 17 September 1513, she went into labour prematurely & gave birth to a boy who was either stillborn or died shortly after birth.

▪️In December 1514, she gave birth to a short lived boy.

▪️On 18 February 1516, Katharine delivered a healthy girl. She was named Mary (later Mary I).

▪️ On 10 November 1518 she gave birth to a daughter at 8 months gestation, but the child was weak & lived only a few hours.

▪️By 1525, Henry VIII was infatuated with Anne Boleyn & dissatisfied that his marriage to Katharine had produced no surviving sons. In 1533 their marriage was consequently declared invalid & Henry married Anne on the judgement of clergy in England, without reference to the Pope. Katharine refused to accept Henry as Supreme Head of the Church in England & considered herself the King's rightful wife & queen, attracting much popular sympathy. Despite this, she was acknowledged only as Dowager Princess of Wales by Henry. After being banished from court by Henry, she lived out the remainder of her life at Kimbolton Castle, & died there on 7 January 1536 of cancer. The English people held Katharine in high esteem, & her death set off tremendous mourning.

Recommend books at Book Depository with Free worldwide delivery

In the Footsteps of the Six Wives of Henry VIII by Natalie Grueninger

And

Catherine of Aragon by Amy Licence

[rosepetalsinmoonlight]

Katharina Aragon

⌞ʾ⁎ ⊰ logan browning, cis female, she/her ⊱ i think i just saw KATHARINA ARAGON walk across trafalgar square, singing to SO WHAT ( PINK ). you know, the THIRTY-ONE year old HEIRESS/BUSINESS OWNER? people claim that they are just like CATHERINE OF ARAGON from SIX THE MUSICAL. it must be because they are INTELLIGENT and STUBBORN as well… though i could be wrong. all i know for sure is that they live at BALTIMORE apartment. { appleberry, 27, EST, she/her}⌝

Hello this is appleberry!  While I love all the the queens, Catherine A. just managed to particularly worm her way into my heart <3  Unlike the real Catherine, Katharina got out of her divorce a bit better off, including getting to keep her daughter!  Her backstory and character are a mixture of real history, and the musical of course.

tw: abuse tw: infidelity

After three sisters and one brother, Katharina is the youngest of the Aragon children.  She grew up wealthy but a strained household.  Her parents were ladder climbers, never content with their accomplishments, and never fully proud of anything their children did either.  Loud arguments were a daily occurance behind closed doors.  Bruises hidden under long sleeved shirts and jeans.  One by one, as soon as they could, the Aragon children left the nest.  For Katherine, her way out came to her in collage, while she was studying business, she met a handsome young man named Arthur at a party hosted by her parents.  Though their parents had brought them together in hopes of combining wealth, Katharina and Arthur managaed to fall in geniuine love on their own.

Between her own parents and Arthur's parents, everyone wanted Katharina to produce a grandchild as quickly as possible.  Young, in love, and not in any rush, the couple decided to wait on children, figuring they'd try for one in three or four years.  Unfortunately, they would never get that chance to make a family.  A mere two years into their marriage, the two went on a vacation overseas, where Arthur contracted a virus nasty virus that had him bedridden for weeks before it finally killed him.  Despite being told to keep her distance, Katharina had stayed stubbornly by his side to nurse him, keeping a brave face on for him until he drew his last breath.  She broke down, moving robotically during the process of setting up the funeral.  She didn't expect to be comforted by Arthur's family, afterall, if she'd gotten pregnant when they'd started asking her to she would still have any right to call herself one of them.  To her surprise, Henry, Arthur's older brother was there to comfort her.

Katharina and Henry bonded over their grief, with Kath feeling that she owed a good chunk of her recovery to their friendship.  As time passed, friendship grew into something else, eventually blossoming into love.  There was disapproval and encouragement in equal parts on both sides of the family.  In a show of defiance, Henry proposed to Katharina during a big family reunion, making a spectacle of it.  Touched, Katharina said 'yes'.  This time, when the pressure for grandchildren started up again, Henry was quick to remind Katharina that her hesitance last time had cost her a child with Arthur.  Feeling guilty, she agreed to try, the result of which was a beautiful baby girl that they named 'Maryanne'.

As time went on, Katharina proved to be more than just a beautiful wife.  She was talented in multiple fields; she knew four languages, she had a master's degree in business, with a minor in social media marketing.  For a CEO, Henry was lucky to have someone like her by his side.  Together, they built their business up and up and up, until they were so high Henry thought he was the king of the world.  With money came power, and Henry realised there were a lot of beautiful women that were attracted to his good looks, money, and power.  Once the affairs started, there was no end to them.  When Katharina confronted him with evidence, he made weak excuses, leaving his wife to make up reasons to stay together.  Her parents didn't take her side, suggesting that she spend more time on her appearance, or that cheating was a natural part of any marriage (for the man of course).  Despite her anger, Katharina still loved Henry, and let herself be 'convinced' by his lies and the toxic advice.

When Maryanne was about five or so, Katharina's carefully built wall of lies began to crumble hard and fast.  Henry was an adulterer, yes, but he was also a giant asshole beyond that.  He spent their money almost as fast as they made it, he liked to get into fights and yell at his employees over minor transgressions.  The beginning of the end was when he'd, in the middle of an argument with Katharina, slapped her hard on the face.  Deciding she needed space from him RIGHT THEN, she made to grab Mary and walk out.  Grabbing her roughly by the arm, he slapped her again.  That was the last time he was going to hit her, she decided, and kneed him in the balls.

For the next several months, Katharina worked on setting up a life for herself away from Henry.  He seemed determined to make sure she left their marriage with nothing.  The kind man that had comforted her in her grief was gone.  To really sink the knife in, Henry even tried to convince the courts that Katharina wouldn't be able to care for Maryanne alone.  With Maryanne crying that she wanted to be with her mother, and a few testamonies in Katharina's favor, she was given a chance to secure employment and housing for herself suitable for a child, which she did.  Honestly?  Henry could keep everything else, if it meant keeping Mary far away from him.  

Unfortunately for Henry, Katharina took with her her half of their collaborative partnership in the business.  She managed to keep some of her old contacts too, those that preffered working with her over Henry.  The passing of her grandfather came with a bittersweet surprise in the form of a nice chunk of money.  Without hesitation, Katharina moved herself and Mary out of their home city and into the Baltimore Apartments.

sexuality :: Definately thought she was straight for most of her life, is comfortable identifying as bi-sexual now~

likes :: playing the piano, dressing up, being with like-minded individuals, spending time with her daughter

dislikes :: not huge on men right now, she avoids news channels usually and gets information from her friends to then do research on, is actively allergic to green peppers