#hanguk-eo

[byyourdesignsblog]

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[salanaii]

Learn Korean with me - Week 28

Day 1 - 3: Let's Speak Korean Ch 8 - Visa & Immigration (31 - 62)

** Don't forget your journals and of course Netflix.

공증을받아야합니다.

Gong jeung eur bad a y ani da

You need to have it notarized.

인터뷰를해야합니다.

In teo byu reur hae yah ab ni da

You need to do an interview.

변호사가동행해도되나요?

Byeong ho sa ga haeng hae do doe nay a

Can a lawyer/attorney accompany me?

귀화를신청하고싶습니다.

Gwi hwa reur sin cheong ha sip seub ni da

I’d like to file (for) naturalization.

귀화절차는어떻게되나요?

Gwi hwa jeor cha neu neo tteoh ge doe nay o

What’s the process (for) naturalization?

이중국적이허용되나요?

I jong gug jeog I heo yong doe nay o

Is dual citizenship allowed?

여권이만료되었어요.

Yeo gwin I man ryo doe eoss eo yo

(My/Your) passport has expired.

사진이필요합니다.

Sa jin I pir yo hab ni da

You need a photo.

수수료가얼마죠?

Su su ryo ga eor ma jyo

How much is the fee?

검색대를통과해야합니다.

Geom seag dae reur tong gwa hae yah ab ni da

You need to go through the scanner.

소지품은여기에맡기세요.

So ji pum eun yeo gi e mat gi se yo

Please leave (your) belongings here.

나가실때찾으세요.

Na ga sir ttae cha jeu se yo

Find them (pick them up) when you leave.

함께들어가도되나요?

Ham gge deur eo ga do doe nay o

Can I go in together?

서류가처리되었습니다.

Seo ryu ga cheo ri doe eoss seub ni da

Documents have been processed.

승인/거절되었습니다.

Seung in/geo jeor doe eoss seub ni da

It’s been approved/rejected (=denied).

한국에서하시는일이뭐죠?

Han gug e seo ha si neun ir I mwo jyo

(Literal)What is the work you do in Korea?

어디에서일하고계시죠?

Eo di e seo ir ha go gye si jyo

Where are (you) working at?

한국에얼마나머무실예정인가요?

Han gug e eor ma na mu sir ye Jeong in ga yo

How long do you plan to stay in Korea?

면세한도를초과한물품이있나요?

Myeon se han do reur cho gwa han mur pum I iss nay o

Do you have items that are over the customs limit?

금지된품목이있나요?

Geum ji doen pum mog I iss nay o

Do you have prohibited items?

한국방문목적이어떻게되시죠?

Han gug bang mun mog jeog I eo tteoh ge doe si jyo

What’s the purpose (of your) visit (to) Korea?

한국에서는어디에머무르시죠?

Han gug e seo neu neo di e meo mu reu si jyo

(At) where are you staying in Korea?

관광목적으로왔습니다.

Gwan gwang mog jeog eu row ass seub nl da

I came for the purpose (of) sightseeing.

한국호텔에머무릅니다.

Han gug ho ter e meo mu reub ni da

I’m staying at Hanguk hotel.

짐은이게전부입니다.

Jim eun I ge jeon bu ib ni da

This is all (for my) baggage.

홍대에서공부하고있습니다.

Hong dae e seo gong bu ha go iss seub ni da

I’m studying at Hangdae.

약6개월머무를예정입니다.

Yag 6 gae wor meo mu reur ye Jeong ib ni da

I plan to stay (for) about 6 months.

보증인의편지입니다.

Bo jueng in pyeon ji ib ni da

(This) is a letter (from my) guarantor.

2차심사실로가주세요.

2 cha sim sa sir ro ga ju se yo

Please go to the secondary screening room.

이제다되셨습니다.

I je da doe syeoss seub ni da

(Literal) It’s all set now.

가보셔도좋습니다.

Ga bo syeo do joh seub ni da

(Literal) It’s fine for you to go. =You may go now./You are good to go.

즐거운여행되세요.

Jeur geo un yeo haeng doe se yo

Have a pleasant trip.

[dojae-huh]

We always disagree on this, he doesn't need to cater to all fans in their languages, he needs to see all his fans as one

The issue is that kfans would kill and leave if he doesn't cater to them so he can just say doie fans or whatever name he likes for the fandom and addresses everyone once

He is creating a divide between fans, and his fans feeling like they're not important enough for a mention.

Key from shinee calls his fans little freaks, and he uses little freaks for everyone. The English speaking fans and also Japanese fans and the Koreans. This makes all the ppl feel like they're part of a group, doyoung is dividing his fandom and making them fight among eo

The issue is that he tries to do more but hurts his fandom himself...

But he doesn't have a separate name for Kfans either. As for time zones. He is a Korean, it's natural to think Koreans and Wegugins. There is Hanguk and there is Outside. It's in the language, and language shapes the way of thinking.

There is so much talk about respect and little thought about respect for the idol himself. Yes, I continue to disagree. There is a limit to pumpering, there are boundaries. Ifans should grow up. I'm ready to bet those complaining don't even have BBL, just read free translations on TW.

[kpoppwriter]

Professor Max’s Korean Class: Lesson One - Section Three

This next section is pretty easy and straight forward. It’s also pretty short so yeah.

Vocabulary

선생님 (seonsaeng-nim) -> teacher

이름 (i-reum) -> name

클래스 (kulaeseu) -> class (this is a loan word)

영어 (yeong-eo) -> English (adding 어 to the end of a country name means that countries language)

한국어 (hanguk-eo) -> Korean

뭐 (mwo) -> what

뭐예요? (mwo-ye-yo?) -> what is/are

그래요 - That’s right

그래요 (geurae-yo) is a term used like how Engish speakers say “Oh, is that so?” or “Yeah, that’s right”. 그래요 translates to “to be so”. If you add a question mark to the end, it becomes a question. If you don’t know what to say in a conversation, just say 그래요?

아, 그래요? (ah, geurae-yo?) -> Ah, is that so?

이에요/예요 and 아니에요

In the previous section, I went over 이에요/예요. To recap, it’s a verb meaning “to be”. 아니에요 has the opposite meaning, “to not be”. If someone asked you if you were Chinese and you weren’t you would say 아니에요. 

안녕하세요 vs. 반갑습니다 

One of the first words anyone learns in Korean is 안녕하세요 (annyeong-haseyo), meaning hello. There is another word that has a similar meaning, 반갑습니다 (bangaseum-nida). I wanted to inform y’all about the word but most people don’t use this word. Mostly only North Koreans use this word. 

If you have any questions or inquiries about words and such, send me a message to my ask box! 

[wickymicky]

sometimes the bizarre anglocentric romanization really gives the wrong impression of how something is pronounced though, even to the kind of lazy english speaker that it was invented for. like, if you’re gonna take the korean letters that are voiceless (p, t, k, ch) word-initially and voiced (b, d, g, j) between vowels and write them as the voiceless ones at the beginning of a word that’s fine, but like, in the middle of a word??? the standard romanization would write “Kim” as “Gim”, because the letter used to write that sound is ㄱ, and it is pronounced differently than ㅋ, even at the beginning of a word (complicated linguistic stuff, uh, it affects the pitch of the following vowel, dont worry about it, if you’re learning korean just know that younger generations pronounce those two consonants with roughly the same amount of aspiration nowadays, you’ll get the hang of the rest of it over time), but like it’s only pronounced like a g when there’s a vowel (or n, m, ng, l) before it, so writing it k in order to convey the pronunciation better is fine. 

but “Kyulkyung”? ugh. the most ideal way to convey its pronunciation to an english speaker would be “Kyulgyung”, or “Kyullgyung” or “Kyeolgyung” or something since “ul” is almost never pronounced with that vowel in english, my brain would think more like the vowel in “full”. but anyway the point is that the first k/g is pronounced like a k, and the second one is pronounced like a g. if you’re going with the approach of making the pronunciation as clear as possible to a foreignor, then base it solely on the pronunciation and write them differently. if you’re going for accuracy in representing the underlying phonemes in korean, then “Gyeolgyeong” is the way to go. though, in her case, i guess the most accurate would be Jieqiong lol... or Pinky haha. anyway. 

Jungkook? what the hell happened there? Jung is fine, though again Chung would be closer to how you’d write his name in english. but “kook”? it’s pronounced with a g. Chunggook or Junggook, not Jungkook.... did they want to avoid writing that syllable with a g because that looks like a racial slur? that slur probably comes from the fact that that word is korean for country, “miguk” is the united states, “hanguk” is south korea, etc, and it probably comes from english speaking soldiers during wars. it’s a slur on its own when used by a racist war veteran, sure, but in this context it’s literally just a part of his name. if you wanna avoid the spelling, “Chungguk” works fine, nobody would pronounce “guk” in that environment like “guck”... 

and i find it so bizarre when names mix the two systems.... “Yoohyeon” is such a weird spelling haha.... “oo” is anglicized, but “eo” is more official. it should be “Yuhyeon” or “Yoohyun”... same with “Yeonjung”, like, the two vowels in her name are the same vowel, it should be “Yunjung” or “Yeonjeong”... 

or you know what? maybe just learn to read hangeul lol, it’s really easy and intuitive and it was made for the korean language. the latin alphabet has to take a lot of liberties with korean romanization, it’ll never be as accurate as hangeul. 

[studykorean101]

받침 - Batchim: Rules, Tips, and Tricks!

The most requested, long awaited post is finally here. Batchim. God’s gift and curse to all Korean learners. Even the word itself is a perfect example of how complicated Batchim (받침) is to foreigners / Korean Second Language (KSL) learners. For those that don’t know, Batchim is the bottom or lower position in a Korean syllable. I will show you the final consonants to understanding and pronouncing Batchim – along with some tips and tricks!

ㄱ, ㅋ, ㄲ, ㄳ, ㄺ = ㄱ

ㄷ, ㅌ, ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅎ = ㄷ

ㅁ, ㄻ = ㅁ

ㄹ, ㄼ, ㄾ, ㅀ = ㄹ

ㄴ, ㄵ, ㄶ = ㄴ

ㅂ, ㅍ, ㅄ, ㄿ = ㅂ

ㅇ = ㅇ

Consonants in Batchim will sound different depending on what is beside them and what is next. Following the rule above, I will give you two examples. For example:

있어요 (conjugation of to have/exist): people often mispronounce this as 있.어요 [iss-eo-yo] when in reality it should sound more like 이써요 [isseo-yo]

있다: mispronounced as 있.다 [iss-da], should be pronounced as 있다 [eetda]

받침: mispronounced as 받.침 [Bad chim], should be pronounced as 밭침 [Batchim]

These are four examples of a Batchim word structure (yes, I drew this for you as a visual representation). For each consonant, I will give a rule, word, and trick to pronouncing each. The first word you see will be the proper spelling of the Korean word [then the mispronunciation in brackets], the second word you see will be the same word, just a visual representation of how you should pronounce it [then the tip on how to pronounce the word properly].

1. ㄱ (기역)

한국 [hanguk] (Korea) + ㅇ 한국어 [hanguk.eo] – 한구거 [hangugeo]

먹다 [meokta] (to eat) + ㅇ

먹어요 [meok.eoyo] – 머거요 [meogeoyo]

밖 [bakk] (outside) + ㅇ 밖에 [bak.e] – 바께 [bakke]

2. ㄷ (디귿) 

꽃 [ggot] (flower) + ㅇ

꽃을 [ggoch.eul] – 꼬츨 [ggo.cheul]

받다 [batda] (to receive) + ㅇ 받으세요 [bad.euseyo] – 바드세요 [ba.deuseyo]

있다 [eetda] (to have/exist) + ㅇ

있어요 [iss.eoyo] – 이써요 [isseoyo]

3. ㅁ (미음) 

*everything that has ㅁ in the Batchim, generally takes on that syllable

몸 [mom] (body) + ㅇ 몸이 [mom.ee] – 모미 [mome]

4. ㄹ (리을)

놀다 [nolta] (to play) + ㅇ

놀어요 [nol.eoyo] – 노러요 [no.r;leoyo]

별 [byeol] (star) + ㅇ 별이 [byeol.ee] – 벼리 [byeo.r;lee]

핥다 [haltta] (to lick) + ㅇ

핥은 [halt.eun] – 할튼 [halteun]

5. ㄴ (니은)

돈 [don] (money) + ㅇ 돈이 [don.ee]] – 도니 [doni]

앉다 [anta] (to sit) + ㅇ

앉으세요 [anj.euseyo] – 안즈세요 [an.jeuseyo]

6. ㅂ (비읍) + ㅇ

앞 [ab] (front) 앞에 [ap.e] – 아베 [ah.pe]

     ~ 십이 [ship.ee] (twelve)

없다 [eobda] (to not have/exist) + ㅇ

없어요 [eobs.eoyo] – 업서요 [eob.seoyo]

7. ㅇ (이응)

*as you may know already if there is a ㅇ in the bottom of the syllable, then it makes a -ng sound. Anytime you see a ㅇ in Batchim, it will always make -ng.

사랑 [sarang] (love)

행복 [haengbok] (happiness)

But, SK101! What about ㅆ (쌍 시옷) and ㅅ (시옷)?? I still don’t understand!

When ㅆ is in Batchim, and a consonant follows, it makes a ‘t’ sound. When a vowel follows, it makes an ‘ss’ sound. (있다 / 있어요)

Similarly to ㅆ, ㅅ makes a ‘t’ sound with consonants ‘sh’ sound with vowels. You would also hear the ‘sh’ sound when there is a double consonant at the bottom, the second consonant being ㅅ. (없이 – eobshi)

Okay...but I’m still confused. Does ㅂ make a ‘p’ or ‘b’ sound in Batchim?

I hate ㅂ with a living passion. Here are the rules:

If ㅂ is in the middle of the word, it creates a ‘b’ sound: 일번 [ilbeon]

If ㅂ is at the start of a word, it creates a soft ‘b’ sound: 바나나 [banana]

If ㅂ is at the bottom of the word, it creates a soft ‘p’ or ‘m’ sound depending on the vowel or consonant following the ㅂ: 감사합니다 [gamsamnida] or 효섭 [hyo-seop]

Essentially, if you come across a word with ㅂ in it, and it doesn’t follow the Batchim rules stated above, the only other time it will sound like a hard ‘b’ is when it is ㅃ (쌍 비읍): 빨간 (bbalgan)

There you have it! Batchim! I hope that this clears up confusion and concern when speaking Korean. Just so you guys know (even if it’s rare), some Koreans mispronounce Batchim - that’s how difficult the rules are. So don’t be so hard on yourself. Take your time, you will get there one day. 

~ SK101

Resources: 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5

[jungkookienoona]

The Meme and His Tutor

So the way this fic is going to be laid out is that the chapters are days or moments. I plan for this to be a fluffy, light-hearted fic. No angst. I’ll also suggest a song to listen to per chapter to help readers know what tone I was trying to achieve.

Part 1: The Day The Meme Met His Tutor

Recommended Song: Love by MAMAMOO

|All Chapters|

Summary:

It all started with a fan meeting. You had wanted to make an impression on your bias, Jungkook, so you used what Korean you had learned so far to put together a compliment. Little did you know how that one moment would lead to many more.

Genre: Fluff, comedy

Pairing: Jungkook X Reader (Y/N)

Warnings: None for now. May change. Who knows.

Word Count: 1444

Length: 1/?

It had finally happened. BTS were finally visiting your country and as it was a country they hadn’t been to yet they were holding a fan signing event after their concert. You felt some sympathy for them as the concert would be ending pretty late in the evening and they were expected to hold such an event afterwards. You could just imagine how tired they’d be. Lucky for them their managers made it so people had to pre-book their place in the fan meeting to limit numbers so that it didn’t run on for too long. And lucky for you, you had managed to book yourself a place.

You had spent a good amount of time deciding what to wear to the concert knowing that in Korea fans tended to wear semi-formal attire. But being that you didn’t live in Korea you had decided that it would be perfectly acceptable for you to wear your BTS sweater and a pair of skinny jeans. You had opted to wear a nonbiased sweater so that the members would feel equally appreciated. And you loved them all, you really did, but Jungkook held a special place in your heart that had you preparing a simple sentence in Korean. You had been teaching yourself the language for nearly a year now and was happy with how much you had progressed given the many speech levels and sentence particles that made it rather complex to learn.

You didn’t have far to travel to the concert venue as you were staying in a hotel nearby. Sure, it was expensive but you had managed to save up quite a bit of money waiting for this day to come. It had people questioning your priorities since you would be starting university later in the year and a sensible person would have used their savings for then. But you had decided to spend them on this possibly once in a lifetime event. In your eyes, it was worth it.

Once ready you headed to the venue that BTS would be performing at, arriving early so that you would have a decent place in the queue that didn’t mean you would have to wait ages. As you waited you watched as the line grew and grew behind you, amazed at the size of the fanbase they had in your country. You wondered how many of those people had travelled a great distance to be there, you even dared to imagine that a few of them may have come from abroad. Time seemed to pass slowly as you waited until you started conversing to the girl in front of you, a Jimin stan who would also be at the fansign event. You found making conversation with her easy as she had a bright and friendly personality and it helped time to pass quicker.

Before you knew it, you were inside the venue finding your seat for the concert. It was an okay seat, it wasn’t too far away from the stage so you had a decent view but, sadly, at the same time, there was just enough distance that meant none of the members would be able to interact with you. And then it was starting and the performances captivated you. You watched in amazement as they did high energy choreography yet still found enough energy to mess around with each other during talks. You laughed when they behaved like bickering siblings or would be playful during certain songs. But your breath was taken away whenever you saw Jungkook’s intense gaze as he focused entirely on doing his best.

The fansign event wasn’t immediately after the concert, it was about half an hour afterwards to give the boys a brief period of rest as well as allowing those who would be attending to have time to get refreshments. You were practically buzzing with excitement. You were going to meet Bangtan! You were going to talk to them! And you were going to have the opportunity to compliment Jungkook.  During the break, you bumped into the Jimin stan again, she was practising some Korean.

“What are you trying to say?” You asked from behind her as she struggled a bit with her pronunciation.

She jumped before turning, startled by your voice before a small blush made its way onto her cheeks; “It’s nothing. I just want to try and make Jimin blush is all. But I also want to thank him for something”

“That’s cute, good luck on your little mission,” You said with a small smile.

“Do you have anything you want to say to Jungkook?”

“Yeah, I was practising what I wanted to say in my hotel room.”

Just as she was about to say something in reply a message was broadcast over the taniod system saying that the fansigning would start shortly and asked those who have a booking to proceed to a conference room within the venue.

Before you knew it, you were sat in front of Namjoon as he signed your album.

“I-I-I’m teaching myself Korean… You were my inspiration. How you taught yourself English…” You couldn’t believe how awkward you had just sounded.

Namjoon smile, dimples on full display. “Oh really? How much have you learnt?”

“I would say I have a rather basic vocabulary that is centred around the polite speech level… I’m learning so I can teach English in Korea,” You blushed and looked down, fiddling with the bottom of your sweater.

You felt your hair get ruffled and looked back up. “I would say that’s good place to start, the polite speech level is the one most commonly used. And if you want to teach English you may be able to help our maknae. He had difficulty learning in school and is now trying to teach himself.”

You were about to respond when a manager came over and told you to move along. You went from member to member after that, they had all tried to talk English, their efforts making you smile. You saw that the girl from earlier had been successful in her attempt to make Jimin blush. He was still a bit flustered when you had made it to him. It seemed only fitting that the last member you would see was your bias, the maknae, Jeon Jungkook.

You felt your heart rate pick up as you shuffled over to him. And when you looked up at him you swear you felt it stop. No. You felt time stop. You tried to say something but all that came out was a drawn out ‘ah’ sound causing him to chuckle.

“Hello. I’m Jungkook. Nice to meet you,” He said with a cheeky smile like he was aware of the fact he was the cause of your trance like state.

“A-anyeonghaseyo! Y/N-imnida!” You hadn’t meant to shout it. But your nerves had gotten to you. On the bright side, Jungkook hadn’t seemed to have been affected by your little outburst. Instead, he was chuckling again.

“Neoreul hanguk-eo baeweoyo? (You’re learning Korean?)” He asked, his voice a mixture of surprise and mirth.

“Ye,” You say as you nod. But then you paused to do the ‘little’ sign with your fingers since you didn’t know how to say it in Korean. You cleared your throat, time to say what you had been meaning to say, “Neoui nungwa ipseul-i yeppeoyo (Your eyes and lips are beautiful).”

You watched as Jungkook became flushed and appeared to be trying to find the right words to say “You pretty too. Mianhae. English not so good.”

“Gwenchanha. Nanuen yeong-eoruel gareuchyeoyo sipeo (It’s okay. I want to teach English).” You said with a smile. Jungkook grabbed your hand causing you to look down at it before looking back at him with a slightly confused expression. He looked excited yet uncertain at the same time. Like he was about to do something that may get him into trouble.

“Really? Will you help me? Eemaeil joosoga utduke dweyo?”

“Uh…”

“Email! What is your email?”

“Um-“

“Skype ID”

Your brain was having difficulty processing the quick escalation of events when Jungkook let go of your hand and presented you with a pen and sticky note. Almost like you were in a brand-new trance, you wrote down your SkypeID which he quickly snatched away and hid in his pocket before the approaching manager could see. Once again you were told to move away so that others could have their turn. Jungkook pouted as he waved his goodbye while you blushed and bowed politely.

You briefly wondered if it was wrong of you to give him your SkypeID but then decided that it didn’t matter. He probably forgot about it as soon as it was the next fans turn.

AN: So this is going to a multi-chapter fic that @tragicshadows helped me to come up with thanks to a lengthy KaKao conversation that we had. In my opinion, she’s a co-author of this piece so don’t be surprised if she uploads her own angst-filled version.

This work of fiction is copyright © JungkookieNoona and protected under UK and international law. All rights reserved. Any unauthorised broadcasting, copying or reposting will constitute an infringement of copyright.

[lalaineabenir]

Language Differences between Philippines and Korea

The language is the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way. For a very small country in Southeast Asia with over 85 million people, it is surprising to know that the Philippines has 120 to 175 languages with native speakers. Though this is not as incredible as Papua New Guinea with over 800 languages and only 5 million people, it is still interesting to note that most of these languages have native speakers that count by the thousands. In some other countries, there are lots of languages but with only a handful of native speakers left. In the Philippines, most of these languages are still widely spoken and are very much alive. There are around 120 to 175 languages in the Philippines depending on how they are classified. The official languages based on the current constitution are English and Filipino. There are 13 languages with at least 1 million speakers all over the country. Some of these languages include Cebuano, Hiligayno, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Kinaray-a, and Waray Waray. Most of the languages spoken were derived from Malayo-Polynesian roots. However, there are also some Filipinos who can speak languages derived from Spanish, Arabic, and Chinese. The selection of Tagalog as the official language in 1939 had become somewhat controversial as it was only widely spoken in the country’s capital. Down south, there were other languages spoken with more native speakers. This paved the way for the official language to be changed to Filipino in 1973 alongside English under the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos. This was further enhanced in the development of the 1987 Constitution. The term “Filipino” means that it is based on the existing language and other languages. This is why some words spoken by Cebuanos and Ilokanos for instance have already been adopted as official Filipino words. Despite the fact that Philippines has gone through several colonizers and it has changed its Constitution a few times especially in regards to the use of official language, still many languages have native speakers. Those who were highly influenced by Spanish settlers in Zamboanga still retained the use of Chavacano (derived from Spanish) as the lingua franca. Several tribes in the Philippines like the Mangyan, T’boli and Ivatan still use their language and not influenced by any other languages. Those who were influenced by the Moslems in the southern part of the country still practice their rich language. In fact, even if many conquerors tried to influence them, they held on to their roots. However, it is important to note that some can also speak Arabic beyond just liturgical use. Trade and commerce in the past have also become the reason why there are still a lot of Filipinos who can speak foreign languages such as Bahasa Melayu and Bahasa Indonesia, Chinese and even Japanese. It is indeed great to know that despite such diversity, the country still remain united and its people have a clear understanding of each other, while South Korea, formally known as the Republic of Korea, in an independent country in East Asia located in the southern region of the Korean Peninsula which extends a few kilometres from the Asian mainland. South Korea is bordered on the west by the Yellow Sea and to the east by the Sea of Japan (East Sea). The name Korea originated from the old Goguryeo Kingdom also referred to as Koryŏ.Korean is the formal language of both the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea. Different varieties of Korean are spoken in every nation-state. Korean is also one of the two formal languages in the Changbai Korean Autonomous County of the People’s Republic of China and the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. Roughly 80 million people across the world speak Korean. Korean has a number of dialects and the main dialect used in South Korea is the Hanguk dialect. Other dialects spoken in South Korea are as follows: The Yeongseo dialects (영서 방언): These dialects are used in the Yeongseo area located in Gangwon Province, South Korea. The Jeju dialect (제주 방언) :. This is used on the Jeju Island located towards the southwest coast of South Korea. This dialect is at times viewed as a separate Korean language. The Seoul dialect (서울말):. This dialect is also referred to as Gyeonggi. It is spoken in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon in South Korea. It is also spoken in Kaesŏng in North Korea. This dialect is the foundation of the standard language. The Jeolla dialects (전라 방언): These can also be referred to as the South-western dialects and are used in the Jeolla area (Honam) of South Korea. They are also spoken in Gwangju city. The dialects have ten vowels: “i, e, ae, a, ü, ö, u,o, eu, and eo”. The Gyeongsang dialects (경상 방언): These are also referred to as the South-eastern dialects and are common in the Gyeongsang (Yeongnam) area of South Korea, and also the cities of Ulsan, Busan and Daegu. It is very easy to differentiate these dialects from the Seoul dialect because of their pitch which is more varied. These dialects have six main vowels and there are ‘i, e, a, eo,o, and u”. The Chungcheong dialects (충청 방언) These dialects are spoken in the Chungcheong (Hoseo) area of South Korea and also in Daejeon city. Syllables in Korean always start with a consonant which is then followed by a vowel. The syllable could end there, or another vowel could follow, or a consonant, or both. The syllables start with a consonant on the top or the left and the vowel(s) and other consonant(s) follow to the right or to the bottom. Note that writing in the Korean language runs from left to right and top to bottom. The words are normally separated by spaces and the syllables are usually next to each other. The Korean language has no tones. It also lacks many stressed syllables. The consonants can at times alter sounds at the end of the words and pass into the word that follows. These sounds are not that hard to articulate. They are, however, dissimilar from western values. Korean has an entirely free word-order. The predicates in this language do not match in person, number, or gender with their subjects. They, however, match with politeness and honorifics. This language has three major speech stages linked to politeness. These are plain, politeness, and deferential. The Korean people steer clear of second person singular pronouns, more so when utilizing honorific forms.English is used in South Korea as a second language. It is taught in schools but the majority of the people do not speak if freely. This language has had a number of uses in the Korean community over the last century. Its growth in the country after the Korean War was a result of international trade, especially with the United States. Standard English values have therefore been given special accent due to the fact that English can be used as an international or foreign language. It is, however, important to note that the usage of this language by most of the citizens discloses obvious and frequent diversions from the Standard English. Most of the people who study English do so for specific reasons such as academics, trade, business, and so on. Few of them, however, relate with the local speakers, and between themselves, they opt to speak a South Korean of English that is very unique. This is the type of English that is used and supported by the local media. It is important to note that almost all the people in South Korea below 40 years of age have pursued English lessons as part of their schooling. The level of English in the country is also being enhanced through investments and government policies. Most of the citizens, however, have very little knowledge or know a very few basic phrases in English. This has mostly been brought about by the fear of mis-articulation and lack of practice. Lalaine L. Abenir

[korean-layout]

Verbs to Nouns

Suibda-is easy    Eoryeobda-is difficult    Sibsangida- can easily be done …ing is easy/difficult

Nouns

영어는 어려워요. (Yeongeo-neun eoryeowoyo.) "English is difficult.

수능시험이 쉬워요. suneungsiheomi suiwoyo. "The Suneung Exam (College Entrance Exam) is easy."

선생님... 어려워요! seonsaengnim... eoryeowoyo! "Teacher, it's difficult!"

수학 수업 제일 어려워요. suhak sueop jeil eoryeowoyo. "Math class is the most difficult

- -기 gi

Eg  studiying

Used with -because -before -in order to

가다 (gada) "to go" -가기 (gagi) "going"

나 오늘 학교 가기 싫어. (na oneul hagyo gagi sirheo.) I don't want to go to school today.

2. 쓰다 (to write - infinitive) 한자 쓰기가 어려워.(hanja sseugi-ga eoryeowo.) To write Hanja is difficult.

6.제 취미는 음악 듣기예요. (je chwimi-neun eumak deutgi-yeyo.) My hobby is listening to the music.

When nominalized verbs are used as subjects, they take the subject marking particle -가 (-ga). -When they are used as objects, they use the object marking particle -를 (-reul). .

Verb Stem + 는 것

-는 것 [-neun geot] -는 거 neungeo -(으)ㄴ 것 past -(으)ㄹ 것 future Tense

-more formal - the act of Verbs that end with l – remove lr before adding neungeot Salda – saneun geot

1. Descriptive verbs Verb stem + -(으)ㄴ 것

Ex) 예쁘다 [ye-ppeu-da] = to be pretty 예쁜 것 [ye-ppeun geot] = being pretty, something pretty, the thing that is pretty

2. Action verbs -

Present tense Verb stem + -는 것

말하다 [mal-ha-da] = to talk, to speak, to say 말하는 것 [mal-ha-neun geot] = talking, what one is saying, the act of talking

Past tense Verb stem + -(으)ㄴ 것

말한 것 [mal-han geot] = what one said, the fact that one talked -

Future tense Verb stem + -(으)ㄹ 것 말할 것 [mal-hal geot] = what one will say, the fact that one will talk

가다 (gada) - to go 학교 가는 것을 싫어해요. (hakgyo ganeun geos-eul silheohaeyo.) I don't like going to school.

만나다 (mannada) - to meet   친구 만나는 것을 좋아합니다. (chingu mannaneun geos-eul johahamnida) I like meeting friends

저는 책을 읽는 것보다 사는 것을 더 좋아해요. [jeo-neun chae-geul il-neun geot-bo-da saneun geo-seul deo jo-a-hae-yo.] I like buying books more than reading books.

제 취미는 영화 보는 거예요. [je chwi-mi-neun yeong-hwa bo-neun geo-ye-yo.]   My hobby is watching movies

사다 [sa-da] = to buy 사는 것 [sa-neun geot] buying, the act of buying,  what you buy 산 것 = what you bought 사는 것 = what you buy 살 것 = what you will buy

Often times, 것 (geot) is changed to 거 (geo) to make pronunciation easier. When 거 (geo) is used with the subject marking particle, 게 (ge) is often used in its place. 것이 = 거이 = 게

When 거 (geo) is used in conjunction with the object marking particle, 를 (reul), it becomes 거를 (geo-reul). But this is often contracted to 걸 (geol) in speech.

것을 = 거를 = 걸

Can’t be used with: 는 것 (-neun geot)  cannot be used with: -기 좋다 / 어렵다 / 편리하다 (-gi jota/eoreopda/pyeonrihada/etc.)  ("good"/"difficult"/ "convenient for doing something," etc.).

A. 이 도서관은 공부하기(에) 좋다. (ㅇ) (i doseogwaneun gongbuhagi(e) jota.) "This library is good for studying."

Has to be used We can use -는 것 (-neun geot) for the context that can be translated in English as "(someone) doing (something)" whereas -기 (-gi) cannot be translated this way.

A.그가 달리는 것을 봤어요. (ㅇ) (geuga dallineun geos-eul bwasseoyo.) B. 그가 달리기를 봤어요. (X) (geuga dalligireul bwasseoyo.) I saw him running."

그가 밤에 전화하는 것이 싫어요. (ㅇ) (geuga bame jeonhwahaneun geosi sireoyo.) "I hate him calling me at night."

엄마는 아빠가 달리는 것을 좋아해요. (ㅇ) (eommaneun appaga dallineun geoseuljoahaeyo.) My mom likes my father running."

examples

2 nominalization -gi 걷다 (to walk - the infinitive) 걷기가 힘들어. (geotgi-ga himdeureo.)

4.쇼핑하기 힘들어요. (syopinghag-i himdeuleoyo.) It's tiring to shop.

5.걷기는 몸에 좋아요. (geotgi-neun mom-e johayo.) Walking is good for your body.

3. 듣다 (to listen - the infinitive) 듣기 싫어 (deutgi silheo.) I don't want to listen.

Neungeot A. 아빠는 달리기를 좋아해요. (ㅇ) (appaneun dalligireul joahaeyo.) B. 아빠는 달리는 것을 좋아해요. (ㅇ) (appaneun dallineungeoseul joahaeyo.) My father likes running." Verb—adjectives Eun,n 시원한 커피 마시고 싶어요. [si-won-han keopi masi-go si-peo-yo.]   I want to drink some cold coffee.

이상한 사람이에요. [isang-han sara-m ie-yo.]   He’s a strange person.

더 작은 가방 있어요? [deo jageun ga-bang i-sseo-yo?]   Do you have a smaller bag? 1.큰 사과 주세요. Keun sahwa juseyo. Please give me a big apple.

좋은 아이디어예요. [ jo-eun a-i-di-eo-ye-yo.]   It is a good idea.

2.바쁜 사람이에요. bappeun saram-ieyo. he is a busy person.

-Eum, m - turn verb into a noun for dictionary eg sing song

--

-gi ddaemune because of ...ing

-gi (ga) Suibda-is easy    Eoryeobda-is difficult    Sibsangida- can easily be done …ing is easy/difficult

Nouns

영어는 어려워요. (Yeongeo-neun eoryeowoyo.) "English is difficult.

verbs. only i,ga

Hangugeo deutgiga swiwoyo Listening to korean is easy

Hangugeo deutgiga eoryeowoyo Listening to korean is difficult

Koriatauneseoneun hangugeoreul deutgi sipsangieyo Korean can be easily heard in korea town

쉽다 (suipda) "to be easy.-b-irregular,

Politeness Level Formal쉽습니다suipseumnida Standard쉬워요suiwoyo Intimate쉬워suiwo

어렵다 (eoryeopda), which means "to be difficult." The conjugation is irregular,

Politeness Level Formal어렵습니다eoryoepseumnida. Standard어려워요eoryeowoyo Intimate어려워eoryeowo

-기가 무섭게  gigamuseobge   Right after…ing

Similar as soon as-자마자

s. temporal -Verb + -기가 바쁘게 -기가 바쁘게 Right after …ing

s. temporal

-기 나름이다-gi nareum-ida It all depends on…ing

s. conditions"

-기는요-gi neunyo  No,not at all -기는요-gineunyo?What do you mean….ing

State what youre contradicting

Similar to eun,neun eul geolyo –say opposite

Hangugeoreul aju jal hasineyo!  You speak korean very well!

Jal hagineunyo    I really don’t (modest)

-gina hada    at least Seoyohhi meoggina haero    At least eat quietly tt 6  18

-gi neun hada 1

I do x but….

Neun not optional

-gineunhada used with descriptive verbs or nouns -haneunde used with action verbs Instead of hada you can repeat the verb see below

infinitives

Descriptive ex jagda Past jaggineun haetda       Jaggineun jagatda Present jaggineun hada       Jaggineun jagda

Future jaggineun hal geosida       Jaggineun jageul geosida

Action Yeohaengeul joahagin haneunde doni eobseoseo I love travelling but have no money

This grammatical structure is generally used to show contrast between two actions or states, or two contrary characteristics of a single action or state. The basic form of this grammtical structure is:

-기는 + -ㄴ/는다 (present tense)

But the later part can be changed according to the tense.

-기는 + 아/어/여 = ㅆ다 (past tense) -기는 + -ㄹ/을 것��다 (future tense)

Since this grammar pattern is used to show contrast, it is often translated into English as 'I Do + Verb + (but/although ...)' (present tense), 'I Did + Verb + (but/although ...)' (past tense), or 'I Will + Verb + (but/although ...)'.

Example Sentences 1. 가기는 갔는데 재미없었어. (gagineun gatneunde jaemieopseosseo.) - I did go there, but it wasn't interesting.

2. 보기는 봤는데 이해를 못 했어. (bogineun bwatneunde ihae-reul mot haesseo.) - I did see it, but I couldn't understand it.

3. 읽기는 읽은 것 같은데 기억이 안 나. (ilkkineun ilgeun geot gateunde gieok-i an na.) - I think I did read it, but I don't remember.

4. 오긴 올 건데, 금방 가야 돼. (ogineun ol geonde, geumbang gayadwae.) - I will come here, but I have to go soon.

5. 알기는 아는데, 하기가 싫어. (algineun aneunde, hagiga sireo.) - I do know, but I don't want to do it.

Notes -기는 is often shortened to -긴 in colloquial situations. Nachsehen essential 113

-gi neun hada 2

indeed Soin iga yebbeugineun hasiyo Sooin is indeed pretty

-gi neun haneunde esential -gi neun hande essential -gineun keonyeong   -far from …ing

-a neun geonyeong b   Rather a than b

Geonyeong usually dropped Interhangeable with malhal geot eopda

Is korea hot in october?

Deobgineungeonyeong siueonhaeyo Not at all, its cold Essential 41

--기 도 하다 -gido hada  -also do

PastMeoggido haetda Present meoggido hada Future meoggido hal geosida

저는 영어를 가르치기도 해요. [ jeo-neun yeong-eo-reul ga-reu-chi-gi-do hae-yo.] = I also teach English.

-gi ddaemune Because of ing Covered in grammar III Essential

-기로 하다-giro hada decide to do

-sentence ending, used for agreements.

-used with action verbs. -The final verb 하다 (hada) is where the verb is conjugated according tense, negation, or politeness level. Often, this construction ends in the past tense, 횄다 (haetda).

하다 (hada) - to do 하기로 하다 (hagiro hada) - Agreed to do/Made plans to do

2.저는 담배를 끊기로 했어요. (jeo-neun dambae-reul kkeunkiro haesseoyo.) I agreed to quit smoking. (to a friend, to myself - this is unclear)

내일 축구하기로 했어. - naeil chukguhagiro haesseo We agreed to make play soccer.

아침에 전화하기로 했어. (achim-e jeonhwahagiro haesseo.) We agreed to talk on the phone in the morning.

6월에 찬구랑 한국에 만나기로 했어. (yuwol-e chingu-rang hanguk-e mannagiro haesseo.) I agreed with a friend to meet in Korea in June.

-기(를) 바라다-gi(reul) barada to hope

is the grammatical structure that means "I hope/I wish" and in Korean, the verb 바라다 takes an object (a noun or -기, the nominalized form of verbs) whereas in English one wishes 'for' or hopes 'for' something.

Formation Verb stem + -기(를) 바라다

Ex) 오다 (oda - to come) 오기를 바라다 오길 바래. = I hope you'll come.

Example Sentences 1. 저도 그러기를 바래요. [그렇다] (jeo-do geureogil baraeyo)- I hope so, too.

그런 일이 없기를 바래요. [없다] (geureon il-i eopgi-reul baraeyo) - I hope something like that wouldn't happen.

행복하길 바래. [행복하다] (haengbokhagil barae)- I wish you happiness . 4. 잊지 않길 바랄게. [잊다] (itji ankil baralge)- I hope you won't forget it.

5. 내가 어떻게 해 주길 바래? [하다] (nae-ga eotteotke hae jugil barae?) - What do you wish for me to do?

Notes 1. -기를 is often contracted to -길.

2. -기를 바라다 is often combined with the structure -ㄹ게(요).

Ex) -기를 바랄게 -essential

-기만하다. [gi-manhada]lit “I only do + ~ing.”

어제 놀기만 했어요. [eo-je nol-gi-man haesseo-yo] I did nothing but played.

-기 마련이다-gi maryeonida -bound to be a certain wayIt's expected that,

s. certainity

-기 시작하다-gi sijakhada             to start -ing

is the grammatical structure that means "to start doing something." It is often used along with the pattern -(아/어/여)지다 (-jida), which means "to become + adjective" and forms -(아/어/여)지기 시작하다.

Formation ▶ Action verbs - Verb stem + -기 시작하다

달리다 (dallida - to run) 달리기 시작하다start running. 달리기 시작했어요. = I started running.

▶ Descriptive verbs - Verb stem + -아/어/여 + -지기 시작하다

조용하다 (joyonghada - to be quiet) 조용해지기 시작하다 start getting quiet. 조용해지기 시작했어요. = It started getting quiet.

Sentences

어제부터 학교에 가기 시작했어요. [가다] (eojeo buteo hakgyo-e gagi sijakhaesseoyo) I started going to school from yesterday.

이번 달부터 시험을 준비하기 시작했어. [준비하다] (ibeyon dalbuteo siheom-eul junbihagi sijakhaesseo) I started to prepare for the exam from this month.

Koreanclass101으로 한국어를 공부하기 시작했어요. [공부하다] (koreanclass101-euro hangukeo-reul gongbuhagi sijakhaesseoyo) - I started to study Korean with Koreanclass101.

제 여동생이 예뻐지기 시작했어요. [예쁘다] (je dongsaeng-i yeppeojigi sijakhaesseoyo) - My younger sister has started to become pretty.

내일부터 바빠지기 시작할 거예요. [바쁘다] (naeil-buteo bappajigi sijakhalgeo-yeyo) - I'll start to get busy from tomorrow. -기도 하고 -기도 하다-gi-do hago -gi-do hada sometimes, A and sometimes B “verb A + B at the same time. ”

Formation Verb stem + -기도 하고 + verb stem + -기도 하다

좋다 + 나쁘다 좋기도 하고, 나쁘기도 해요. (= It's sometimes good, sometimes bad.) (= It's good and bad at the same time.)

하다 x 2 하기도 하고, 안 하기도 해요. (= Sometimes I do it, sometimes I don't.)

Sentences

소주를 좋아하기도 하고, 싫어하기도 해요. [좋아하다, 싫어하다] (soju-reul joahagido hago, sireohagido haeyo.) - I sometimes like soju, and sometimes I hate it.

2. 좋기도 하고 나쁘기도 해요. [좋다, 나쁘다] (jokido hago, nappeugido haeyo.) - It's good and bad at the same time.

3. 맵기도 하고, 달기도 해요. [맵다, 달다] (maepgido hago, dalgido haeyo.) - It's spicy and sweet at the same time.

4. 어렵기도 하고, 재미있기도 해요. [어렵다, 재미있다] (eoryeopgido hago, jaemiitgido haeyo) - It's difficult and interesting at the same time.

5. 그렇기도 하고, 그렇지 않기도 해요. [그렇다] (geureokido hago, geureochi ankido haeyo) - It is so, but it is not so at the same time.

Notes -기 is basically the nominalized form of a verb, so -기도 하고, -기도 하다 comes from the concept of "do this verb and also do this verb." -기에는 (너무)-gi-eneun (neumu) too A to do B When you want to say something is "too much" or "excessive," you can use the word 너무 (neomu). But when you want to specify for what it is too much, you can use the structure -기에는 (-gi-eneun).

-기에는 (-gi-eneun) is a combination of -기 (-gi), which is a verb ending for nominalization, and -에는 (eneun), which means "to" or "for." So this structure, -기에는 (-gi-eneun), basically means "for doing A" or "to do A." We often use it with the word 너무 (neomu), which means "too much" or "excessively."

Formation Verb Stem + -기 + -에는

가다 (gada) "to go" 가기에는 (gagi-eneun) 가기에는 너무 멀다 (gagi-eneun neomu meolda) "to be too far away to go"

들다 (deulda) "to lift" 들기에는 (deulgi-eneun) 들기에는 너무 무겁다 (deulgi-eneun neomu mugeopda) "to be too heavy to lift"

Sentences

현금으로 사기에는 너무 비싸요. hyeongeum-euro sagi-eneun neomu bissayo It's too expensive to buy in cash.

그 사람은 학생이라고 하기에는 너무 나이가 많아요. geu saram-eun haksaeng-irago hagi-eneun neomu nai-ga manayo. He's too old to be called a student.

지금 전화하기에는 너무 늦지 않았어요? jigeum jeonghwahagi-eneun neomu neutji anasseoyo? Isn't it too late (at night) to call now? -A Gi e neun /  gillae b Since a then bAs for doing something essential

-에 따라(서)Gi- e ddaraseo According toDepending on

s conditions -Gie manjeongidaThanks to… essential

-Gi e apseoseoBefore ..ing s.temporal

-Gi jeoneBefore ..ing s. temporal

-Gi uihaeseo  In order to s. causes Ttmik 3.17

-Gi ilssuida Routinely, frequently This grammar point can be translated as ‘always be doing (something unpleasant)’. It refers to a habitual practice and can only be used when the action has a negative or unpleasant connotation. 그 남자는 거짓말하기 일쑤예요. 나는 감기에 걸리기 일쑤이다. 그 부부는 작은 문제 일에도 싸우기 일쑤예요. 제 오빠는 공부 안 하고 비디오 게임 하기 일쑤예요. 나: 이번 학기에 여섯 과목을 든는다고? 가: 응, 숙제가 너무 많아서 밤을 새우기 일쑤야 tumblr

-기 짝이 없다 Gi ssagi eobdaBeyond measure -Gi ranEssential korean

-Gi roseoda Essential korean

-기보다는, -라기보다는-gibodaneun, -ragibodaneun wouldn't say A but rather B

s comparing

-기만 하면 되다-giman hamyeon doeda just have to, all you have to do is

-기만 하다 (-giman hada) is a verb ending that means "just have to" or "only need to." -기 (-gi) is a nominalization suffix for verbs, 만 (man) is a particle that means "only," and 하면 되다 literally means "if you do, it works." So all together, it means, "all you have to do is...."

Formation 오다 (oda) "come" 오기만 하면 되다 (ogi-man hamyeon doeda) 오기만 하면 돼. (ogi-man hamyeon dwae) "All you have to do is just come."

Sentences

책을 한 번 읽기만 하면 돼. chaek-eul han beon ilkgi-man hamyeon dwae. "All you have to do is just read the book once."

이��� 보내기만 하면 돼. igeol bonaegi-man hamyeon dwae. "You just have to send this."

나한테 말하기만 하면 돼. na-hante malhagi-man hamyeon dwae. "All you have to do is just tell me."

나가기만 하면 돼. nagagi-man hamyeon dwae. "I just have to go outside."

물어보기만 하면 돼. mureobogi-man hamyeong dwae. "You just have to ask

[salanaii]

Learn Korean with me - Week 12

Day 1: Let’s Speak Korean Ch 6 – At the Airport (26 – 50)

좌석이지정되어있나요? Jwa seog I ji Jeong doe eo iss nay o Are the seats pre-assigned?

제좌석은어디죠? Je joa seog eun eo di jyo Where is my seat?

좌석변경이가능한가요? Joa seog byeon Gyeong I ga neung han ga yo Can I change the seat?

창가쪽/복도쪽/가운데좌석있나요? Chang ga jjog/bog do jjog/ ga un de joa seog iss nay o Do you have a(n) widow/isle/middle seat available?

창가쪽/복도쪽/가운데좌석부탁합니다 Chang ga jjog/bog do jjog/ ga un de joa seog bu tag hab ni da A(n) widow/isle/middle seat, please.

정시에출발하나요? Jeong si e chur bar ha nay o Does it depart at the scheduled time?

동반자가있나요? Dong ban ja ga iss nay o Do you have a companion?

비자가있나요? Bi ja ga iss nay o Do you have a visa?

신분증을보여주세요. Sin bun jeung eur bo yeo ju se yo Show me (your) card, please.

몇시에탑승시작하죠? Myeoch si e tab seung si jag ha jyu At what time does the boarding start?

만석입니다. Man seog ib ni da All seats are filled. = We have a full flight.

탑승권을보여주세요. Tab seung gwan eur bo yei ju se yo Show me (your) boarding pass, please.

한국항공카운터는어디죠? Han gug hang gong ka un teo neun eo di jyo Where is the counter for Hanguk Airline?

짐은어디에서찾나요? Jim eun eo di e seo chaj nay o (From) Where do I find (=pick up) (my) baggage?

짐을잃어버렸어요. Jim eur irh eo beo ryeoss eo yo I lost (my) baggage.

면세점은어디죠? Myeon se jeom eun eo di jyo Where is the duty free shop?

애완동물도탑승이가능한가요? Ae wan dong mur do tab seung I ga neung han ga yo (Literal) Can pets come aboard, too? = Can pets fly, too?

환승게이트는어디죠? Hwan seung ge I teu neu neo di jyo Where is the transfer gate?

연착되었나요? Yeon chag doe eoss nay o Is it delayed?

다음비행기편에늦었습니다. Da eum bi haeng gi pyeon e neuj eoss seub ni da (I’m) late to the next flight. = I’m late for (my) connecting flight.

비행기를놓칠것같아요. Bi haeng gi reur noh chir geos gat a yo I think I’m going to miss (my) airplane (=flight).

제가먼저가도될까요? Je ga meon jeo do doer gga yo May I go first?

줄이기네요. Jur I gi ne yo (Literal) The line is long. = It’s a long line.

여행자보험을구입하고싶은데요. Yeo haeng ja bo heom eur gu ib ha go sip eun de yo I’d like to purchase a traveler’s insurance.

면세품을주문하고싶은데요. Myeon se pum eur ju mun ha go sip eun de yo I’d like to order duty free items.

[queenjoysie]

Hello! I'm still practicing hangul and hanguk-eo, so i'm still not that efficient so please be considerate of my translations. I am not a professional but i am practicing by doing it now. This is just a friendly reminder that translating twitter posts by bts and seventeen is just my hobby and doesn't mean that it is accurate enough. I will continue to strive harder in this. Fighting!

[sitimariamsulaiman-blog]

Stressed... The perks of being an International ARMY.. seems like nothing is good enough.. what else can we do? I think there are at least 1M people are facing the same issues and perhaps almost giving up.. here goes.. Step 1: purchased 4th ARMY membership from interpark website Requirements: i) register as interpark members (luckily there is English translation site) ii) register with DAUM to get DAUM ID for accessing fancafe (ONLY in Korea Language) Pssttt: membership fees KRW25,000 and shipment KRW26,050 so total KRW51,050 In fancafe (BANGTAN) have to level up yourself from associate member to regular member before upgraded as ARMY 1.. Advantage becoming ARMY 1.. able to access to fancafe and all facilities.. Where does the stress level hike.. To level yourself up to become regular member.. Requirements: you have to do tasks and submit to board member.. What are the required task.. easy.. answers some questions and show some proof.. What are the difficulties.. Answers must be in Hangul (Korean writing) What about the proof.. streaming using korean music apps or website.. Melon, genie, mnet, soribida, naver.. Either you hv to purchase like subscribing spotify or do tonnes of registration for membership and everything is in hanguk-eo So, tell me.... All of this just to get upgraded from 준회원 to 정회원 #iamgoingcrazy

[ajloriam]

Daily dosage. yum! #맛있어요 hanguk eo 👍🏼

[salanaii]

Learn Korean with me - Week 11

Day 1: Let's Learn Korean - Ch 6 At the Airport (1-25)

어느항공인가요? Eo neu hang gong in ga yo Which airline is it?

한국항공입니다. Han gug hang gong ib ni da It’s Hanguk Airline.

201항공편입니다. 201 hang gong pyeon ib ni da It’s flight 201.

여권을보여주세요. Yeo gwan eur bo yeo ju se yo Show me the passport, please.

예약을확인해주세요. Ye yag eur hwag in hae ju se yo Could you please confirm (my) reservation?

이번/다음터미널에내려주세요. I beon / da eum teo mi neor e nae

ryeo ju se yo Please drop me off at this/next terminal.

수속을하려고요. Su sog eur ha ryeo go yo I’d like to check in, please.

수속카운터는어디인가요? Su sog ka un teo neu neo di in ga yo Where is the check in counter?

부산까지가시죠? Bu sang ga ji ga si jyo You are going to Busan, right?

직항이죠? Jig hang I jyo It’s a direct flight, right?

어떤목적으로가시나요? Eo tteon mug jeog eu ro ga sin a yo (Literal) For what purpose are you going? = What’s the purpose of your trip?

짐을/수하물을부치시나요? Jim eur / su ha mur eur bu chi sin a yo Are you checking in bags/luggage?

짐이/수하물이몇개인가요? Jim I / su ha mur I myeoch gae in ga yo How many bags/luggage is it?

짐은/수하물은무게제한이얼마죠? Jim eun / su ha mur eun mu ge je han I eor ma jyo What’s the weight limit (on the) baggage/luggage?

짐이무게를초과했어요. Jim I mu ge reur cho gwa haess eo yo (Your) baggage is over the weight(limit).

몇 개를뺄게요. Myeoch gae reur bbaer ge yo I’ll take out a few.

얼마나초과되었나요? Eor ma na chi gwa doe eoss na yo How much is it over by?

이제어떤가요? I je eo tteon ga yo How about now?

수속하셨나요? Su sog ha syeoss nay o Have you checked in?

아니요,수속좀도와주세요. A ni yo, su sog jum do wa ju se yo No, please help me a little (with) check in.

인터넷으로예약을했어요. In teo nes eu ro ye yag eur haess eo yo I made a reservation through the internet.

여기제예약번호가있습니다. Yeo gi je ye yag beon ho ga iss seub ni da Here is my reservation number.

마일리지가적립되었습니다. Ma ir ri ji ga jeog rib doe eoss seub ni da Mileage has been accumulated.

초과수화물비용이있나요? Cho gwa su hwa mur bi yong I iss nay o Is there a fee (for) excess baggage?

카트는어디있나요? Ka teu neu neo di iss nay o Where are the carts?

[korean-layout]

Tenses

-

present 

present 아/어/여  

Formation: /요

For last vowel a, o 아요 [a-yo]

For last vowel other 어요 [eo-yo]

(ending i) 여요 [yeo-yo]

Ex 1sylWhen eu canceled ou 2syl front vowel

gada - 가요 [ga-yo] boda 봐요 [bo-ayo] salda – sar-ayo

meogda 먹어요 [meog-eoyo] boi-da 보여요 [bo-yeo-yo]

seuda-seoyo babbeuda – babbayo

하다 verbs hada 해haeyo

Example Sentences

사다 (sada) - to buy 사요

오다 (oda) - to come 와요 oayo

서다 (seoda) - to stand 서요 seoyo

주다 (juda) - to give 줘요 ()

예쁘다 (yeppeuda) - to be pretty 예뻐요 ()

마시다 (masida) - to drink 마셔요 (Standard politeness level - simple present tense)

7. Verb with ㅐ 보내다 (bonaeda) - to send 보내요 (Standard politeness level - simple present tense)

8.하다 (hada) verb [하 + ㅕ -> 해] 해요 (Standard politeness level - simple present tense)

Notes The standard politeness level typically just adds the politeness suffix -요 (-yo).

present declarative

-

다,-da, -는다, -ㄴ다  neunda, -nda present declarative

A plain declarative sentence is used to make a neutral statement about a fact. It can be a statement about a speaker's observation or thought.  in the present It is much like thinking to oneself, out loud. It is not directed towards anyone in particular (including oneself), thus it cannot be categorized according to politeness level. However, it is closer to the intimate politeness level because it is much like thinking out loud.

Formation Conjugation of these verbs differ according to the type of verb (descriptive or action).

I. descriptive verb

+ 다 (This is exactly the same as the dictionary form.)

1. 바쁘다[bappeuda] - to be busy 바쁘 + 다 = 바쁘다[bappeuda] -plain declarative form

II. action verb

a stem ending in a vowel  + -ㄴ 다

오다[oda] - "to come" 오 + -ㄴ다 ---> 온다[onda] - come (plain declarative form)

가다[gada] -"to go" 가 + -ㄴ다 ---> 간다[ganda] - go (plain declarative form)

b stem ending in a consonant  + - 는다

1. 닫다[datda] - "to close" 닫 + -는다 ---> 닫는다[datneunda] - close (plain declarative form)

2. 씻다[ssitda] - "to wash" 씻 + -는다 ---> 씻는다[ssitneunda] - wash (plain declarative form)

Example Sentences descriptive verb 1. 눈이 예쁘다.  -  Nuni yeppeuda. Your eyes are pretty.

2. 비가 온다.Biga onda. It's raining.  

3. 종상이가 밥을 먹는다.Jongsang-iga babeul meong-neunda. Jongsang has a meal.

4. 손을 씻는다.Soneul ssitneunda.I wash my hands.

5. 잠을 잔다.jam-eul janda. I sleep.

present cont.

-고 있다 / -고 있습니다 -go issda / -go isseumnida

고 있어요 [-go i-sseo-yo] Is….ing

지금, 뭐 하고 있어요? jigeum, mwo hago isseoyo? "What are you doing now?"

텔레비전 보고 있어요.tellebijyeon bogo isseoyo.      "I'm watching TV."

뭐 보고 있어요? mwo bogo isseoyo? "What are you watching?"

슈퍼맨이요. 슈퍼맨이 하늘을 날고 있어요.syupeomaeniyo. syupeomaen-i haneul-eul nalgo isseoyo."Superman. Superman is flying in the sky."

Notes We use the progressive to describe wearing articles of clothing. We use it to describe the actual action of putting on an article of clothing. We also use it to describe the state of wearing an article of clothing.

a입다 (ipda) – “to wear”

잠바를 입고 있어요.jamba-reul ipgo isseoyo.“(He) is putting on a jacket.” OR “(He) is wearing a jacket.”

b 쓰다 (sseuda) – “to wear”

모자를 쓰고 있어요. moja-reul sseugo isseoyo. “(She) is putting on a hat.” OR  “(She) is wearing a hat.”

일하 고 있어요. [il ha-go isseo-yo]   I am working.

무엇을 하고 있습니까?(mueoseul hago isseumnikka?What are you doing?

생각하고 있습니다.saenggakhago isseumnida.I'm thinking.

숙제하고 있습니다.sukjjehago isseumnida.I'm doing homework.

공부하고 있습니다.gongbuhago isseumnida. I'm studying.

present continous

아/어 있다 a/eo itda      

지금 제가 의자에서 앉아 있어요.   I'm sitting on the chair.

Past

past -(았/었/였)

Formation[Verb Stem] + [았/었/였] + [Conjugation (politeness level/mood/etc.]

Example: 먹다 (“to eat”)

[먹] + [었] +[어요]

먹었어요. - Simple Past Tense (Standard Politeness Level)

[먹] + [었] +[습니다]

먹었습니다. - Simple Past Tense (Formal Politeness Level)

Example: 배우다 (“to learn”)

[배우] + [었] + [어요]

배웠어요. - Simple Past Tense (Standard Politeness Level)

[배우] + [었] + [습니다]

배웠습니다. - Simple Past Tense (Formal Politeness Level)

Example Sentences

저는 한국에서 십년 동안 살았어요.jeo-neun hanguk-eseo simnyeon dongan sarasseoyo. "I lived in Korea for ten years."

b Eoss eoss/ass eoss -Douple past tense -had

c 고 있었어요 [-go i-sseo-sseo-yo] Was..ing

Future

a ㄹ/을 거예요 [l/eul  geo-ye-yo]

거예요. 갈 거예요. [gal geo-ye-yo]   *will go

b ㄹ/을 게요 [l/eul) ge-yo] Reaction Or reaction expected

do for you If you say so *will *will, if you don’t mind

c Will be..ing -고 있을 거예요 [-go i-sseul geo-ye-yo]

일하고 있을 거예요. [il-ha-go i-sseul geo-ye-yo] = I’ll be working.

[korean-layout]

Question words

뭐 mueo - what

a) … 뭐예요? - What is  … ?

이거 뭐예요? [i-geo mueo yeyo?] What is this?

what is this 이거 뭐예요? igeo mwo-yeoyo? (Literally: this, what, is) What is this? 이 것은 무엇입니까 (i geoseun mueosimnikka?)

The following are some conjugations of the phrase: 뭡니까? (mwomnikka?) - Formal Politeness Level 뭐예요? (mwo-yeyo?) - Standard Politeness Level 뭐야? (mwo-ya?) - Intimate Politeness Level

b) mueo - Verb

뭐 하고 싶어요? [mueo hago sipeoyo?] What do you want to do?

뭐 보고 싶어요? [mueo bogo sipeoyo] What do you want to watch?

뭐 해요? Mwo haeyo? - “What are you doing?”

c) mueoga - issda/eobsda

naengjango-e mueoga isseoyo? What’s in the fridge?

무슨 (museun)  "what type of of?“

museun - noun

museun sori yeyo - what (type of) sound is that

오늘 무슨 요일이에요?(oneul musun yoil-ieyo?) - "What day is it today?”

무슨 책 읽어요? museun chaeg-eul ilgeoyo?  - “What type of books do you read?

jiyeonssi-neun museun eumageul joahaeyo? - "Jiyeon, what type of music do you like?”

무슨 과목이 제일 싫어? museun gwamog-i jeil sireo? -  what type of subjects do you hate the most?“

museun saegggareul johahaseyo? - what (type of) color do you like?

museun ggoch deurilggayo? - What type of flower do you want?

museun ggoch salggayo? What type of flower shall I buy?

어떤 what kind of

eoddeon - noun

eoddeon chaeg johahaseyo what kind of books do you like

eoddeon saram ieyo what kind of person is he, what is he like

eoneu - which?

어느 eoneu  - noun

eoneu nara saram ieyo? - Which country are you from?

eoneu gabangeul salggayo? Which bag shall I buy?

어느 극장에 갈꺼야? eoneu geukjang-e galkkeoya?  

"Which theater are you going to?”

eoneu geoseul –> eoneu geol which one

eoneu geol salggayo? Which one shall I buy?

eoneu jjog ieyo which way is it eoneu chaeg gollasseoyo which book did you choose eoneu saegi deo naayo which color is better

i geol - this one

누구 [nu-gu] - who

a) [nu-gu-ye-yo?]  - who is …?

저 남자 누구예요?   jeo namja nuguyeyo?   “Who’s that man?”

jeo saram nuguyeyo - who is that person 누구세요? nuguseyo? “Who are you?” who is that

친구 누구예요? chingu nuguyeyo? “Who’s your friend?

b) nuguhago/nuguoa  - Verb with who ….? nuguhago hangugeo gongbuhaesseoyo? who did you study korean with? nuguoa yeonghoa boasseoyo - who did you watch the movie with

c)nugureul Verb who is the (object) nugureul johaeyo - who do you like

d) nuguege/nuguhante Verb to who nugu hante jueoyo -  to who are you going to give nuguhante malhaeyo – to who do you speak

e)nuguegeseo/nuguhanteseo Verb from who nuguhanteseo badeosseoyo – from who did you receive it

f) nuga - Verb who is the subject 누가 제인이에요? [nu-ga jan-ie-yo?] - who is the one who is jan

누가 했어요? [nu-ga hae-sseo-yo?] - who is the one who did it

누가 샀어요? [nu-ga sa-sseo-yo?] who bought it

누가 왔어? (nuga oasseoyo) "Who came?”

어디 [eo-di] = where

a … eodiyeyo – where is…

편의점이) 어디예요? [(pyeonuijeom-i) eodi-yeyo?] Where is (the convenience store)? eodiyeyo where are you,

eodiyeyo where is it

b eodi-e verb where to,

eodi-e gayo where are you going

eoje eodi-e gasseoyo  where did you go yesterday

naeil eodie gal geoyeyo where will you go tomorrow

어디에 있어요?  [eodi-e i-sseoyo?]Where are you?

어디에 가고 싶어요?  [eodi-e ga-go si-peoyo?] Where do you want to go?

c eodi-eseo verb where, where from eodi-eseo hangugeoreul gongbuhaeyo where do you study korean

언제 [eon-je] = when

a)… eonje yeyo – when is … ? saengil-I eonjeyeyo when is your birthday

b) eonje – verb

언제 가요? eonje gayo? when do you go

eonje oasseoyo when did you come?

언제 도착했어요? [eon-je dochag-haesseo-yo?] When did you arrive

언제 퇴근해? eonje toegeunhae?When do you get off work?“

언제 일어나? eonje ireona?When do you wake up?”

한국 언제 가요? hanguk,e, eonje gayo?When do you go to Korea?“

언제 출근해요? eonje chulgeunhaeyo? When do you go to work?”

언제 공부 해? (eonje gongbu hae?) “When do you study?”

왜 [oae] -why

a 왜요 oaeyo – why b 왜 oae verb

왜 안 왔어요? [oae an oasseoyo?] Why didn’t you come?

왜 한국어를 공부해요? oae hangugeo-reul gongbuhaeyo? Why do you study Korean?

한국어를 왜 공부해요? hangugeo-reul wae gongbuhaeyo?  Why do you study Korean?

왜 (wae) is also used in situations when responding to someone’s calling. In English, a common response to someone’s calling would be “what”? But in Korean “why” is heard much more often.saying 왜 (wae) is asking “Why (are you calling)?”

eoddeohda - how

a … 어때요 eoddaeyo how is…

내 옷 어때요?“How are my clothes?”

책(은) 어때요?Chaek(eun) eoddaeyo?“How is the book?” oneul nalssiga eoddaeyo how is the weather today

b 어떻게eoddeohge verb  how do…

어떻게 찾았어요? [eo-tteo-ke cha-ja-sseo-yo?] How did you find it?

이거 어떻게 할 거야? (igeo eoteokke halgeoya?) “How will you do this”

eoddeohge unjeonghaeyo how do you drive

eoddeohge gongbuhaeyo how do you study

얼마 [eol-ma] how much ,

a … eolmayeyo how much is …

얼마예요? [eol-ma-ye-yo?] How much is it? 사과 얼마예요? (sagwa eolmayeyo?)How much is an apple? b eolmana verb,

eolmana seullaeyo how much are you going to spend

얼마 냈어요? [eol-ma nae-sseo-yo?] How much did you pay?

c eolmana adjective얼마나 [eol-ma-na] 얼마나 커요? [eol-ma-na keo-yo?]   How big is it?

eolma dongan - how long eolma dongan yeohaengeul gasseoyo how long did you travel

eolma dongan isseul geoyeyo – how long will you stay

myeoch - counter -  how many

chaeg-I myeoch gueon ieyo – how many books are there

hagsaeng-I myeoch myeong ieyo – how many students are there

jangmi-ga myeoch songi yeyo – how many roses are there

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무엇 mueot what 누구 nugu who 어떤 종류 eotteon jongnyu what kind

이게 뭐에요? ige mwoeyo? What is it? 어디에 사세요? eodie saseyo? Where do you live

what are you doing

뭐 해요?“ (mwo haeyo) 일 해. (Il hae.) -"I’m working.” (intimate) 공부 해. (Gongbu hae.) “I’m studying.” (intimate) 청소 해. (Cheongso hae.) “I’m cleaning.” (intimate) 컴퓨터 해요. (Keompyuteo haeyo.) “I’m using my computer.” 전화 해요. (Jeonhwa haeyo.) “I’m on the phone.” 요리 해. (Yori hae.) “I’m cooking.”

무엇을 하고 있습니까? mueoseul hago isseumnikka? What are you doing? 뭐 하고 있어요?(mwo hago isseyo? What are you doing? 뭐 하고 계십니까?(mwo hago gyesimnikka? What are you doing?

생각하고 있습니다. saenggakhago isseumnida. I’m thinking. 숙제하고 있습니다. sukjjehago isseumnida. I’m doing homework. 공부하고 있습니다. gongbuhago isseumnida. I’m studying. 공부하고 있어요.(gongbuhago isseoyo.) I’m studying. 그냥 있습니다.(geunyang itsseumnida.) ‘I’m doing nothing special.’ geunyang-just

요리하고 있습니다. yorihago isseumnida. I’m cooking. where are you going

어디 가세요?(eodi gaseyo?) Where are you going?’ 어디 가십니까?(eodi gasimnikka?) Where are you going?’ 슈퍼마켓에 가요.(syupeomakese gayo.) I’m going to the supermarket. 일하러 갑니다.(ilhareo gamnida.) 'I’m going to work. You’ve learned how to ask where someone is going. Do you want to know how to say “See you?” 갔다오세요(gatdaoseyo.) literally means “go and come back.” Koreans say this when someone is leaving and they know that person is coming back. It can be translated as “See you.” 다녀오세요(danyeooseyo.) makes it honorific. when are you leaving

언제 떠나요?(eonje tteonayo?) When are you leaving 언제 떠나십니까?(eonje tteonasimnikka?) When are you leaving?’ 두 시간 후에 떠나요.(du sigan hue tteonayo.) I leave in two hours.’ hu-after 다음 주에 떠납니다.(daeum jue tteonamnida.) 'I leave next week ju-week

why 왜 늦었어요?(wae neujeosseoyo?) Why are you late?’ 기차를 놓쳤어요.(gichareul nocheosseoyo.) I missed the train.’ 왜 그렇게 일찍 나가요?(wae geureoke iljjik nagayo? Why do you leave so early? 그렇게(geureoke) so 일찍(iljjik)early 기차를 놓치지 않으려고요.(gichareul notchiji aneuryeogoyo.) Not to miss the train

who So if you see someone who looks quite older than you, you can ask “이 분 누구예요?”(i bun nuguyeyo?) to show respect. 이 사람 누구예요?(i saram nuguyeyo?) Who is it? 저 사람 누구예요?(jeo saram nuguyeyo?) Who is that? 저예요.(jeoyeyo.) 'It’s me.’ 제 친구예요.(je chinguyeyo.) 'That is my friend