#esocs

[ipegchangbin]

I HHAVE TO SO MUCH BOY PUSSY THOUGHTS BUT LIKE IM SHAKING AND ESOC DHD OGMGG right but what are you thoughts on fem!skz???? uz the brainrot has been getting to me and i personally believe there just arent ENOUGH fem!skz like whaat happened to the pussy? the cunt? THE PUM PUM

sorry. i loved your drabble though and just your work in general and im not kidding when i say that wehn i saw you actually answered my request and then saw said request on my dashboard thingy I LITERALLY PUT MY HANDS UP IN THE AIR AND WAS YAYAYAYAYA!?!?!?!

URE RIGHT LIKEEE WHAT HAPPENED TO THE PUMPUMHDSJJDJSNS

💗 nsfw fem!skz thoughts

🏷️ fem!skz, gn!reader, smut smut smut

— bang chan

chan’s beautiful, bubbly, a little busty with a big butt. she’s everything you would want in a girl: a giggly lady with a pretty body. she’s very preppy, a little clingy once you two get together, but in bed? she’s a blushing mess! she loves when you chat her up only to talk her down, let her babble several flavors of nonsense and moan with that sweet curly accent of hers. her dimples show every time she clenches her jaw in pleasure. chan loves getting herself off on your fingers, riding them, even just grinding on them through her clothed cunt…and she loves when you make her feel a little dirty about it. her butt is the plumpest, it feels good to grope and massage, and best of all — it gets red when she blushes! chan is a giggly girl who’s heavenly to play with.

— minho

a competitive peer turned blunt best friend turned snappy girlfriend, minho’s the prettiest yet sharpest lady you’ve ever come across. she loves keeping things traditional, making you court her to even get a glimpse of her reciprocated love, but when she fell back for you it was all worth it. minho loves to keep half of her long hair up in a bun while the rest flows down past her shoulders, framing her beautiful body against the kitchen counters as she whips you up your favorite meal. a few hours after dinner, you have her over the same counter, fucking her cunt well. she loves to moan your name and make you feel how much she loves you. she gets wet so easily when you moan back, when you tell her you adore her. you figure that she tastes better than her own cooking.

— changbin

what’s not to love about changbin? she was love at first sight turned the love of your life. you fell for the way she looked with her love handles, tummy, and big breasts, and as soon as she spoke to you, it was all real. she’s gentle and kind, offering to help you with whatever work you need. changbin gets very shy when you abandon your work and grab her by the hips and breasts instead. she wears her curly hair long and down and the curtains match the drapes: she has the bush of a lifetime. secretly loves it whenever you’re between her thighs or all up in her cleavage smelling her after her workouts, all before going to town and fucking her ever so sweetly. she’s a muscle mommy who calls you mommy. oh, and changbin in an evening dress—the ones that hug her form, accentuating her belly and toned ass—is a sight to see. she’s absolutely obsessed with lovemaking after her shower. a clean and fresh woman, she’ll take every bit of your body worship before your dates to heart.

— hyunjin

she’s the classiest lady you’ve ever met. always does herself up, wears the prettiest makeup, and always fixes her hair in the middle of your dates. she smells heavenly; it’s french cologne mixed with a bit of your after-sex musk. hyunjin always finds herself getting fucked every time she’s with you, and you don’t know if it’s her irresistible energy or the fact that she’s needier than you. and when the dates reach past midnight, she only becomes cinderella in a way that she takes you home with her, designer clothes to the floor, revealing even more expensive lingerie underneath. class, elegance, all that demure shit flies out of the window as soon as you’re working your mouth on her petite boobs. when it’s all done, she glows in your arms and embraces you, kissing you all over with sweet words between her lips. she’s the most beautiful woman in the world.

— han jisung

han’s a charming woman who’s a bit of a geek. she’s a self-deemed loser, but so incredibly far from the doozy girl she claims to be. you don’t mind her armpit hair, her layered cut, and the leg hair she never wants to shave: she’s charming and attractive for that. firmly believes in having her nips out and it’s so cute of her. jisung is very carefree, and it extends to the sex too. she secretly likes it when you cuddle yet feel her up. she loves it when you sneak your hand under your shorts. she loves it when you’re being nonchalant and casual, eating her out while she’s watching a movie, moaning and whining slightly while all dazed. you hum and call her beautiful, the prettiest girl you’ve ever seen, and it does something to her. maybe she’s a bit of a perverted girl too, getting off on your compliments when you’re gone and out of her room.

— felix

a girl’s girl through and through. she loves you very much but there are many reasons why you love her more. she has everything on her: need chapstick? it’s either she pulls one out of her magic tote bag — or she kisses you! need a pen? she’ll even write for you! need to eat her out? she’ll spread her legs before you even blink! she’s always happy and smiley even if you’re playing with her freckled pussy. you tell her that she’s pretty when she smiles, making her grin even more. felix always has her hair done in different crazy styles, but always up whenever she wants to return the favor on you. adores you whenever you catch her out of breath from your fingers and mouth alone. you always kiss every one of her freckles, even the ones near her clit to tease her — and every single time, she falls harder and harder in love with you.

— seungmin

if there was any lady who matched you best, she’d be seungmin. she’s blunt with her words but she means well whenever she talks to you. it was a surprise the first time she asked for sex, simply letting honesty take over and let her know that she wanted you. loves talking you up even if you’re going down on her. she never shaves nor trims her bush, and you find her smirk so attractive every time you find her clit. all that snarky attitude dissolves as soon as you kiss further into her clit, teasing her ass and playing with the sensitive skin of her inner thighs. she’s kind of obsessed with the way you show her own cum in your mouth. gets even more delirious when you tug on her short hair and tell her dirty compliments. she feels the most like a woman when you work your way with her — just make sure to take her out on a date and pay the bill right after.

— jeongin

jeongin’s a lady who never backs down from an adventure. from exploring the outdoors to exploring each other’s bodies, she’s an open woman who doesn’t hesitate to love you right. she’s wild in many senses: you’ve fucked while alone in public once. it’s her spirit that charms you most, you think as you pound into her ass — her request. she’s sweet and very talkative, telling you all about the kinky shit she wants to do the later in night while curling her hair for work. jeongin loves being pampered and pampering you back. she wears your favorite sets of lingerie, or if you prefer it, wears nothing at all when you get home to her. she gets deliciously needy every time you play with her nipples out of nowhere. but even after all the adventures, her cunt might as well be your home.

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

Hera asteroid mission's CubeSat passengers signal home

The two CubeSat passengers aboard ESA's Hera mission for planetary defense have exchanged their first signals with Earth, confirming their nominal status. The pair were switched on to check out all their systems, marking the first operation of ESA CubeSats in deep space.

"Each CubeSat was activated for about an hour in turn, in live sessions with the ground to perform commissioning—what we call 'are you alive?' and 'stowed checkout' tests," explains ESA's Hera CubeSats Engineer Franco Perez Lissi.

"The pair are currently stowed within their Deep Space Deployers, but we were able to activate every onboard system in turn, including their platform avionics, instruments and the inter-satellite links they will use to talk to Hera, as well as spinning up and down their reaction wheels which will be employed for attitude control."

Launched on 7 October, Hera is ESA's first planetary defense mission, headed to the first solar system body to have had its orbit shifted by human action: the Dimorphos asteroid, which was impacted by NASA's DART spacecraft in 2022.

Traveling with Hera are two shoebox-sized "CubeSats" built up from standardized 10-cm boxes. These miniature spacecraft will fly closer to the asteroid than their mothership, taking additional risks to acquire valuable bonus data.

Juventas, produced for ESA by GOMspace in Luxembourg, will make the first radar probe within an asteroid. while Milani, produced for ESA by Tyvak International in Italy, will perform multispectral mineral prospecting.

he commissioning took place from ESA's ESOC mission control center in Darmstadt in Germany, linked in turn to ESEC, the European Space Security and Education Center, at Redu in Belgium. This site hosts Hera's CubeSat Mission Operations Center, from where the CubeSats will be overseen once they are flying freely in space.

Juventas was activated on 17 October, at 4 million km away from Earth, while Milani followed on 24 October, nearly twice as far at 7.9 million km away.

The distances involved meant the team had to put up with tense waits for signals to pass between Earth and deep space, involving a 32.6 second round-trip delay for Juventas and a 52 second round-trip delay for Milani.

"During this CubeSat commissioning, we have not only confirmed the CubeSat instruments and systems work as planned but also validated the entire ground command infrastructure," explains Sylvain Lodiot, Hera Operations Manager.

"This involves a complex setup where data are received here at the Hera Missions Operations Center at ESOC but telemetry also goes to the CMOC at Redu, overseen by a Spacebel team, passed in turn to the CubeSat Mission Control Centers of the respective companies, to be checked in real time. Verification of this arrangement is good preparation for the free-flying operational phase once Hera reaches Dimorphos."

Andrea Zanotti, Milani's Lead Software Engineer at Tyvak, adds, "Milani didn't experience any computer resets or out of limits currents or voltages, despite its deep space environment which involves increased exposure to cosmic rays. The same is true of Juventas."

Camiel Plevier, Juventas's Lead Software Engineer at GomSpace, notes, "More than a week after launch, with 'fridge' temperatures of around 5°C in the Deep Space Deployers, the batteries of both CubeSats maintained a proper high state of charge. And it was nice to see how the checkout activity inside the CubeSats consistently warmed the temperature sensors throughout the CubeSats and the Deep Space Deployers."

The CubeSats will stay within their Deployers until the mission reaches Dimorphos towards the end of 2026, when they will be deployed at very low velocity of just a few centimeters per second. Any faster and—in the ultra-low gravitational field of the Great Pyramid-sized asteroid—they might risk being lost in space.

Franco adds, "This commissioning is a significant achievement for ESA and our industrial partners, involving many different interfaces that all had to work as planned: all the centers on Earth, then also on the Hera side, including the dedicated Life Support Interface Boards that connects the main spacecraft with the Deployers and CubeSats.

"The concept that a spacecraft can work with smaller companion spacecraft aboard them has been successfully demonstrated, which is going to be followed by more missions in the future, starting with ESA's Ramses mission for planetary defense and then the Comet Interceptor spacecraft."

From this point, the CubeSats will be switched on every two months during Hera's cruise phase, to undergo routine operations such as checkouts, battery conditioning and software updates.

TOP IMAGE: Juventas studies asteroid's internal structure. Credit: ESA/Science Office

LOWER IMAGE: Milani studies asteroid dust. Credit: ESA-Science Office

[postsofbabel]

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[no-fare-taxi]

Here we go again.....

#Ford #Falcon #EFFalcon #ESeriesLyf #Opt25 #PovPack #LPG #DuelFuel #Taxi #4Point0 #SOHC #ExTaxi #ESOC #ESeriesOwnersClub #Gasket #UltraBlue

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[gameinfoxtbr]

Idle Champions Codes

Do you like playing Idle Champions of the Forgotten Realms? If so, you are a lucky person! This Idle Champions Codes is your one-stop resource which can bring you a bunch of Electrum Chests and other bonuses. 🎁 As always, those codes can offer a wonderful helping hand, regardless if you’re a veteran player or a beginner. Now that we’ve reviewed the basic concepts, let’s look at the latest codes and how to use these handy products! 🏆

GameInfoX 🎁 Latest Idle Champions Game Codes Here’s a list of the most recent and valid combination codes you can redeem right now: - MINT-HARA-SOON - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 6th, 2024) - OTTO-HEPS-ARTS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 5th, 2024) - CHAD-CATE-MIXT - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 5th, 2024) - WIEL-KAIS-HEST - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 4th, 2024) - JUVE-YIRD-THRU - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 4th, 2024) - TINT-BLEE-SALS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 3rd, 2024) - NAIK-DIMS-BEAK - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 3rd, 2024) - EVES-SMIR-FUZZ - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 3rd, 2024) - BIRD-SONG-ISST-RONG - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 2nd, 2024) - SHAWNMARSANDERIC - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 1st, 2024) - WITC-HERT-RAIN - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on November 1st, 2024) - SPOO-OOOO-OOKY Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 31st, 2024) - FRAU-BOKE-WYCH Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 31st, 2024) - CAKY-BRAS-VAMP Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 31st, 2024) - AHHH-TIAM-AT!! Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 31st, 2024) - SPIM-ACHE-SEMI Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 30th, 2024) - TEPA-BRED-PESO - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 30th, 2024) - RADE-NEFS-CWMS -Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 30th, 2024) - GUAN-FEGS-NEWT - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 29th, 2024) - XTRALIFENOV8 - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 29th, 2024) - ITCH-TATH-LOCK - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 29th, 2024) - APOS-FOID-LATE - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 29th, 2024) - DING-WOOS-SANK - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 28th, 2024) - GOOS-VETS-OMB - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 28th, 2024) - BLOW-FOOL-ENDS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 28th, 2024) - WAIF-NEAR-POLE - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 27th, 2024) - BLAC-KDIC-ESOC-2024 - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 26th, 2024) - #JUM-PTHE-NINE - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 25th, 2024) - UNTO-UCHA-BLE! - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 25th, 2024) - NINE-SKIP-FEAT - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 24th, 2024) - MAND-SIDA-URSA - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 24th, 2024) - RYFE-VEIL-EMYS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 24th, 2024) - FACT-NOWL-YOUK - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 24th, 2024) - SOPH-TUBE-GUPS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 23rd, 2024) - SPAT-WHIZ-ECHE - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 23rd, 2024) - SPAY-OAST-TEGG - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 22nd, 2024) - BANC-COYS-ERRS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 22nd, 2024) - REDD-MUNG-HETS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 21st, 2024) - PRAT-APOD-TONK - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 21st, 2024) - SASS-VIAL-ODOR - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 21st, 2024 - 2024-CHAM-PION-SPT3 - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 19th, 2024) - ULTIMATEPOWA - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 18th, 2024) - JETE-FESS-TUNE - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 18th, 2024) - ONEF-OURF-IVE! - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 18th, 2024) - VAMP-IREP-AWNS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 17th, 2024) - FINS-COST-BLUR - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 17th, 2024) - PLAT-INUM-ISHE-RE!! - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 16th, 2024) - RUME-HAED-OOTS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 16th, 2024) - MORS-DOFF-TORE - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 16th, 2024) - SPOO-KYCH-AMPS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 15th, 2024) - ODAH-SIMA-SIGN - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 15th, 2024) - DARE-ZOBO-FIQH - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 15th, 2024) - ARSE-LWEI-OPTS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 14th, 2024) - NEVE-HIVE-YUGA - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 14th, 2024) - DEBS-TRUG-YADS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 13th, 2024) - TIRL-BOBA-WILT - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 13th, 2024) - THEU-LTIM-ATEP-OWER - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 12th, 2024) - PLATINUMSOON Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 11th, 2024) - PLAT-INSI-GHTS - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 11th, 2024) - VORO-NIKA-TIME - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 10th, 2024) - RIEL-WOLF-WEEL - Redeem this combination code for 1x Electrum Chest (Added on October 10th, 2024) - DEADB4WEWED! 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GameInfoX 🎮 What is Idle Champions of the Forgotten Realms? Idle Champions is an Idle game in the Dungeons and Dragons universe with an emphasis on strategy management. Characters recruit their legions of champions and go on missions through this world and others. It can be seen that all the champions have their particular skills and skills are quite interconnected; therefore, the strategic approach is critical to move to the next level. Want to learn more? Read our in-depth About Idle Champions Game article. 📜 About the Developers Idle Champions of the Forgotten Realms is produced by Codename Entertainment, an organization that has vowed to keep the game interesting and to release new content regularly. The developers are not dormant and engage the community frequently; they release codes and patches based on players’ suggestions. 🎤 Learn more about the Idle Champions Developer. 🎉 Conclusion Using the Idle Champions Game Codes provided in this article ensures that you benefit to the maximum by having boosted reward data compiled into your account. Remember to save this page and return often as we will be updating the page with new codes from time to time. Safe travels, and may your wallets always be heavy! 🎊 Related Links for Idle Champions Fans: - Idle Champions Game Guide - Idle Champions Tier List - Idle Champions Latest Update/News Read the full article

[skycrorg]

Los operadores del Sentinel-2C completan los ensayos finales

Este verano, a medida que se acerca el lanzamiento del satélite Copernicus Sentinel-2C, el equipo de control ubicado en ESOC, el centro de operaciones de la ESA en Alemania, ha estado llevando a cabo una fase crucial de la preparación del lanzamiento, rev

Una atmósfera tranquila invade la Sala de Control Principal del ESOC. El equipo de operaciones está en proceso de colocar un satélite en órbita. Estamos a un minuto de pasar sobre una estación terrestre y la tensión aumenta mientras esperamos ansiosamente recibir la primera telemetría del satélite. Entonces, de repente, se activa una alarma, la luz cambia de color y se escuchan crujidos. Se ha…

[mrm101]

The European Space Agencies JUICE Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer launched by Arinae 5 on 14 April 2023 will be passing by both the Moon and Earth today and tomorrow (18-20 Aug) in order to pick up speed on its eight year journey to the Jupiter system. This will be the first double body gravity assist ever attempted in history. During each fly-by JUICE's little engineering cameras (used after launch to check on the solar array and antenna deployments) will be turned on to take a few snaps which will be relayed soon after, before any enhancements. It will be a bit of a test since these cameras aren't designed to take surface pictures. However the JANUS high resolution camera will also be turned on as practice run, those pictures will take a day or two to transmit/process (although a lot quicker transmission time than from Jupiter, seeing as Earth is next door). JUICE will make a Venus fly-by in August and then two more Earth fly-bys before arriving at Jupiter in July 2031. Pic: JUICE on-top of Ariane 5 on 4 April 2023, plus artists impression (at Calisto not Luna).

* Monday 19 Aug 2024: Lunar Fly-by

BST (CEST)

21:16 (22:16) science instruments activated

21:38 (22:38) JUICE enters Luna eclipse

22:07 (23:07) cameras activated

22:09 (23:09) JUICE leaves Luna eclipse

22:16 (23:16) Luna closest approach 700km

22:25 (23:25) Fly-by image transmission begins (engineering cameras)

22:30 (23:30) LUNA FLY-BY COVERAGE ESA ESOC Darmstadt, Germany. engineering monitoring cameras (1024 x1024p) will be pointed at Moon. 30 minute program. enhanced process images will follow next day. JANUS high resolution science camera will also be operated which will be good practice.

23:16 (00:16) science instuments deactivated

* Tuesday 20 Aug 2024: Earth Fly-by 1

First ever dual body gravity assist.

BST (CEST)

18:57 (19:57) science instuments activated

20:58 (21:58) JUICE passes below geostationary orbit

22:38 (23:38) ground stations LOS

22:57 (23:57) Earth cloest approach 6,807km

23:59 (00:59) ground station AOS

00:53 (01:53) JUICE passes above geostaionary orbit

07:10 (08:10) engineering cameras deactivated

Aug 22: Constant ground station coverage ends

[trend-report]

KI im All

Im Interview spricht James Eggleston, Head of Ground Segment Architecture, Data & AI Section (OPS-GAA), European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) mit der TREND REPORT Redaktion über die Bedeutung von KI und ML für die Raumfahrt.     James, was bedeutet KI und ML für die Raumfahrt?    Für Raumfahrtsysteme: Die Integration von KI in das Raumfahrtsegment wird wesentlich intelligentere Satellitenlösungen ermöglichen - derzeit müssen wir (im Allgemeinen) zunächst alle Daten herunterladen, um sie am Boden zu verarbeiten und zu analysieren - dies ist ein Engpass - mit KI im Weltraum können Schlüsseldaten identifiziert und höherwertige Daten heruntergeladen werden - dies führt zu weniger Verarbeitungsaufwand, reaktionsschnelleren Systemen usw. KI ermöglicht auch Konstellationen und Flotten von Raumfahrzeugen - KI erhöht die Möglichkeit für Raumfahrzeuge, sich selbst zu organisieren und wichtige Aufgaben neu zu planen, ohne die Missionsleistung zu verringern. Für den Betrieb: KI ist ein wichtiger Faktor für die Aktualisierung der Art und Weise, wie Raumfahrtmissionen betrieben werden. KI bietet neue Mechanismen für a) die Automatisierung in und um die bestehenden Prozesse von Raumfahrtmissionen b) die Entwicklung neuer innovativer Analysen und Lösungen zur Verbesserung der Prozesse von Raumfahrtmissionen. Raumfahrtmissionen werden größtenteils mit Systemen und Konzepten betrieben, die aus den vergangenen Jahrzehnten stammen. Typischerweise basieren die Prozesse auf spezialisierten Systemen, die mit starker menschlicher Interaktion betrieben werden. Während diese Systeme für herkömmliche Missionen sehr leistungsfähig sind, gibt es ein Skalierungsproblem, das durch das Volumen der neuen Missionen und auch durch die neue Art der Reichweite verursacht wird.   Inwieweit verändern die neuen Technologien Satelliten und deren zukünftige Sicherheit? Als neue Technologien bieten KI und ML neue Herausforderungen - zum Beispiel auch neue Angriffsmöglichkeiten. Insbesondere besteht die Gefahr, dass Angreifer Datenquellen ausspähen, die zum Training von KI-Algorithmen verwendet werden. Ein weiteres Problem ist die Fähigkeit des Menschen, die Entscheidungsprozesse von KI-Lösungen zu verstehen und ihnen zu folgen - es besteht die Gefahr, dass Menschen beginnen, KI-gesteuerten Entscheidungen zu vertrauen oder sich auf sie zu verlassen, selbst in Situationen, in denen die Lösung nicht über den grundlegenden Hintergrund verfügt, um den Punkt vollständig anzugehen. Eine Schwierigkeit beim Einsatz von KI im Raumfahrtsegment besteht darin, dass KI in der Regel ressourcenintensiv ist und die Flugtechnologien in der Regel mehrere Jahre hinter den am Boden verfügbaren Technologien zurückliegen.   Wie und wo wird bei der ESA am Thema KI geforscht? Speziell für den Betrieb untersuchen wir die Anwendung von KI-Technologien wie Large Language Models, Zeitreihenvorhersagen und Lösungsplanung und -optimierung. Generell wollen wir KI im gesamten Spektrum unserer Betriebsprozesse einsetzen, aber zunächst konzentrieren wir uns auf die Missionsvorbereitung, Systemtests und -validierung, den Zustand von Satelliten, den Betrieb von Raumfahrzeugen und Bodeneinrichtungen sowie die Planung von Missionen und Bodenstationen. ESA-weit wurde ein Ansatz und eine Plattform für den Einsatz von KI in Raumfahrtsystemen definiert.   Welche Forschungskooperationen sind Ihnen dabei wichtig? Wir arbeiten mit der europäischen Industrie und der akademischen Welt zusammen, um neue Technologien und deren Anwendung in neuen Bereichen zu definieren oder um Wege zur Lösung bestehender Probleme zu finden.  Wir tauschen uns auch regelmäßig mit unseren internationalen Kollegen aus, z. B. mit der NASA und dem JPL, um unsere einschlägigen Erfahrungen zu teilen.   Welche aktuellen Projekte liegen Ihnen besonders am Herzen? Die Anwendung von Wissensgraphen und großen Sprachmodellen erweist sich als besonders attraktiv für die Nutzer - ich denke, vor allem, weil die bestehenden Systeme die Informationen auf eine Reihe von Quellen verteilen und einen sehr großen Umfang, eine große Bandbreite, einen sehr unterschiedlichen Technologiestil usw. haben - was zu Frustration bei unseren Betreiberteams führt und die Integration und Mobilität neuer Mitarbeiter und Auftragnehmer erschwert.  Wir erwarten große Dinge, wenn wir die Möglichkeiten der generativen KI integrieren.   Wie kommen wir zu mehr Nachhaltigkeit für unseren Planeten? Raumfahrtsysteme mit KI an Bord könnten wesentlich besser in der Lage sein, uns vor lokalen Umweltproblemen zu warnen - schnellere Erkennung von lokalen Bränden, Umweltverschmutzung, Naturkatastrophen usw. durch Erkennung von Problemen im Weltraum und automatische Konzentration der Systemaufmerksamkeit auf diese. Auch globale Umweltprobleme können durch koordinierte Weltraumkonstellationen besser verfolgt werden, aber eine Koordinierung auf höherer Ebene erfordert höhere Fähigkeiten, wie etwa KI.     Zur Person: James Eggleston arbeitet für die Europäische Weltraumorganisation im Europäischen Weltraumkontrollzentrum in Darmstadt, Deutschland. Er ist Leiter der Abteilung Ground Segment Architecture, Data & AI in der Abteilung Ground Engineering and Innovation. Die Abteilung ist für die Verwaltung von Systemen und Supportaktivitäten verantwortlich, die für die Softwarearchitektur des Bodensegments, die Datenarchitektur und Systeme der künstlichen Intelligenz erforderlich sind. James ist außerdem Projektmanager des KI- und Datenarchitekturprojekts am ESOC, das die Ergebnisse von rund 20 von OPS durchgeführten Aktivitäten zur künstlichen Intelligenz und Datengrundlage koordiniert, um die Fähigkeiten und damit die Wirkung von Lösungen der künstlichen Intelligenz am ESOC und in anderen Ländern zu maximieren der europäischen Raumfahrtindustrie.   Er verfügt über 25 Jahre Erfahrung in der Entwicklung von Bodensystemen, die mehrere Missionen und Anwendungsfälle unterstützen können; Eine solche Software-Infrastruktur wird von allen ESA-Missionen wiederverwendet, um Flugsteuerungssysteme für alle unsere ESA-Raumfahrzeuge auf effektive Weise bereitzustellen, indem das Risiko verringert, die Zeitpläne optimiert und die Betriebsteams maximal vertraut sind.     www.esa.int       Aufmacherbild / Quelle / Lizenz Image by Edward Lich from Pixabay Read the full article

[vietnamstar]

ESOC 2024: Higher income reduces stroke mortality risk by a third, new study shows

BASEL, Switzerland, May 15, 2024 /PRNewswire/ — New research, presented today at the 10th European Stroke Organisation Conference (ESOC) 2024, has revealed that high-income individuals have a 32% lower risk of post-stroke mortality. Additionally, those with a higher education have a 26% lower risk of death post-stroke, highlighting striking disparities in stroke survival based on key social…

[gnarl3ne-blog]

The longest call by European Space Agency Via Flickr: Operations image of the week: On 10 August 2016, ESA’s tracking station at New Norcia, Western Australia, hosting a 35 m-diameter, 630-tonne deep-space antenna, received signals transmitted by NASA’s Cassini orbiter at Saturn, through 1.44 billion km of space. “This was the farthest-ever reception for an ESA station, and the radio signals – travelling at the speed of light – took 80 minutes to cover this vast distance,” says Daniel Firre, responsible for supporting Cassini radio science at ESOC, ESA’s operations centre in Darmstadt, Germany. The signal reception was part of a series of tests to prepare several ESA stations to support Cassini’s radio science investigations, planned to begin later in 2016. This image shows New Norcia station as seen in 2014 by Dylan O’Donnell, an amateur photographer based in Byron Bay, Australia (the blob of light apparently hovering above the antenna is a light artefact, ‘lens flare’). Credit: ESA/D. O'Donnell

[jcmarchi]

Life Beyond the Leak for ESA’s CryoSat - Technology Org

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/life-beyond-the-leak-for-esas-cryosat-technology-org/

Life Beyond the Leak for ESA’s CryoSat - Technology Org

ESA’s CryoSat satellite swapped to its back-up propulsion system after a fuel leak threatened to bring the mission to an end in 2025.

Glacier ice loss visualised as a cube. Image credit: ESA/Planetary Visions

The swap can potentially extend the satellite’s life by as much as 5 to 10 years. But the back-up thrusters had never been used before.

If something had damaged them during CryoSat’s 13 years in orbit, there was a small chance that the mission would come to an immediate end after the switch.

What is CryoSat?

CryoSat is ESA’s satellite dedicated to measuring the thickness of polar sea ice and monitoring changes in the ice sheets that blanket Greenland and Antarctica.

The mission was designed to last roughly 5 years. It has now spent over 13 years in orbit.

“Since 2010, CryoSat has used its Synthetic Radar Altimeter (SAR) to monitor land and sea ice everywhere on Earth to help scientists demonstrate the important role ice plays in regulating climate and being affected by global warming,” says Tommaso Parrinello, CryoSat Mission Manager.

ESA’s CryoSat mission provides data to determine the precise rate of change in the thickness of the polar ice sheets and floating sea ice. It is capable of detecting changes as little as 1 cm per year. The information from CryoSat is leading to a better understanding of how the volume of ice on Earth is changing and, in turn, a better appreciation of how ice and climate are linked. Image credit: ESA – P. Carril

“CryoSat is a gift that keeps on giving. Its thirteen-year climate record of global ice and sea levels is unparalleled, and long may it continue.”

Recent mission highlights include the first ever year-round map of Arctic Sea ice and our most accurate estimates yet for the ice volume lost by Earth’s glaciers and polar ice sheets. These data are critical to inform climate reports and policy makers.

CryoSat’s data are also shaping the design of new ice-monitoring satellites, such as the Copernicus Polar Ice and Snow Topography Altimeter (CRISTAL) mission.

What was the problem with CryoSat?

CryoSat scale model inside the control room. Image credit: ESA, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO

In order to make ultra-precise measurements of Earth or the cosmos, most satellites conduct regular manoeuvres to keep them in the perfect orbit.

CryoSat uses compressed nitrogen to manoeuvre in space. The gas is stored at high pressure in a fuel tank and carried through a series of pipes and valves to thrusters. The thrusters release the gas out into space, pushing or turning the satellite in any commanded direction.

Fuel consumption was not expected to be a limiting factor for CryoSat. But in 2016, the operators flying CryoSat at ESA’s European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) in Darmstadt, Germany, noticed that the spacecraft was using up its 37 kilograms of compressed nitrogen much faster than expected.

As of November 2023, CryoSat has 13 kg of fuel left – 13 kg less fuel left than it should have based on the use of the thrusters for orbit maintenance manoeuvres and attitude control.

When the fuel tank drops below 5 kg, the satellite will no longer be able to reliably control the direction it points or maintain its orbit.

What caused the leak?

CryoSat’s nitrogen propellant is stored in a fuel tank at high pressure. A pressure regulator converts the high-pressure air into much lower pressure for use by the thrusters.

Together with the experts at the satellite’s manufacturer, Airbus, the ESA team has pinpointed the location of the leak to one of CryoSat’s smaller attitude thrusters.

At first, the leak rate was small, but it increased over the first few years and has reached a stable rate that would still bring the CryoSat mission to the end in 2025.

One explanation for this could be that a small crack appeared somewhere and grew to a certain size before stopping. But it is difficult to diagnose this kind of problem from the ground, and it’s impossible to know for sure.

How did you save the satellite?

CryoSat has a secondary, back-up propulsion system connected to its fuel tank.

On 21 November, at 10:45 CET, operators at ESOC initiated the swap to this back-up system, as CryoSat passed over Svalbard station on Spitzbergen Island and ESA’s Kiruna station in Sweden.

Kiruna station. Image credit: ESA

First, leaving the primary thrusters connected, they opened the main valve to the back-up propulsion system for the first time in CryoSat’s 13 years in space.

At ESOC in Germany, CryoSat’s spacecraft operations engineers and the team from Airbus monitored screens as the pressure rose – both inside the back-up propulsion system on CryoSat and in the control room on Earth.

The pressure in the back-up system stabilised – indicating that it was not suffering from any major issues of its own – and the satellite’s onboard computer was instructed to use the back-up thrusters instead of the primary thrusters that it has used since launch.

Just before CryoSat reached the end of its communication window with the stations in the Arctic, the main valve to the primary thrusters was closed to stop the flow of gas through the leak.

And then… silence.

CryoSat was left alone as it flew southbound over Africa, connected to and using its back-up thrusters for the first time.

CryoSat team monitors the spacecraft during propulsion system swap. ESA, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO

“CryoSat’s backup system is robust and was likely to work as intended,” says CryoSat Spacecraft Operations Manager, Jens Lerch. “And if there was a problem with it, during the switch or at any point in the future, the satellite is capable of swapping back to its primary system autonomously.”

“But we couldn’t know for sure. The back-up hasn’t been needed during the 13 years that CryoSat has been in space. During this time, it could have suffered a similar leak or been damaged by something like a micrometeoroid – and we had no way to test it previously without exposing us to the same risks we faced today.”

Thankfully, 25 minutes later, CryoSat rose above the horizon of the Troll ground station in Antarctica fully functional.

The next day, 22 November, the flight control team at ESA conducted an ‘orbital control manoeuvre’ to test the two larger thrusters in the back-up system.

As no issues were found during or after the manoeuvre, CryoSat’s back-up thrusters are now officially commissioned, and the satellite is capable of continuing scientific activities to the end of the decade and possibly beyond.

Hold on, the leak was detected in 2016. Why wait until now to do something?

At any time since launch, CryoSat has had the ability to swap to its back-up propulsion system if its onboard computer detected a sudden major issue with the primary system.

But reacting to a slow leak represents a more difficult decision than reacting to a fast leak that must be handled immediately or even autonomously by the satellite.

CryoSat has gathered seven years of invaluable ice mapping data between 2016 and 2023. If operators had switched to the back-up thrusters immediately, and a series of very unlikely problems had occurred during the reconfiguration, these data would never have existed.

But the longer they waited, the more fuel leaked out into space, and the fewer additional years they could gain by making the swap.

21 November 2023 was selected as the day that balanced these two factors.

What next?

The swap to CryoSat’s back-up thrusters was a success. But we don’t yet know exactly how much this could extend the mission.

CRISTAL. Image credit: Airbus

Only by monitoring the fuel reserves over the next few days and weeks will the CryoSat team know if there are any smaller leaks or issues in the back-up system.

In the best case, this operation could prove invaluable for humankind’s polar ice records.

CryoSat has been a key part of what some have called the “golden age of satellite altimetry”. Amongst an impressive fleet, its radar altimeter is unique in being able to monitor ice and water levels in every part of the globe.

CRISTAL, CryoSat’s natural successor, is not due to launch for another few years. The extension of CryoSat’s observations would bridge the gap and maintain the longest unbroken record of changing global ice we’ve ever had.

Meanwhile, a novel collaboration with NASA’s ice monitoring satellite ICESat-2, which combines the orbits of ICESat-2 and CryoSat to map snow on ice – a significant cause of uncertainty in our estimates – could improve the accuracy of satellite measurements of ice volume yet further.

The findings will be directly applicable also to future ice missions, including CRISTAL.

With consistent improvements to CryoSat’s data products, which cover not just sea ice and land ice but polar oceans, coastal oceans and inland waters, ESA’s ice mission still has plenty to offer.

Source: European Space Agency

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[spacetimewithstuartgary]

Sentinel-2C operators complete final rehearsals

A quiet atmosphere pervades ESOC's Main Control Room. The operations team is in the process of placing a satellite into orbit. We are one minute away from passing over one ground station and the tension is rising as we eagerly wait to receive the first telemetry from the satellite.

Then, suddenly, an alarm is triggered, the light changes color and crackling sounds can be heard. A fire has broken out in the room. The evacuation is ordered. The control room must be abandoned, and the satellite operations relocated to an adjoining room.

This was just a simulation of what could happen during a satellite's first and most critical moments in space. To ensure a smooth start to operations, the control team must consider every possible scenario, whether it happens in space or on the ground—such as a fire alarm.

This summer, as the launch of the Copernicus Sentinel-2C satellite approaches, the control team located at ESOC, ESA's operations center in Germany, has been performing a crucial phase of the launch preparation, reviewing and revising the satellite's and ground segment's plans and procedures to guarantee the success of the mission.

This "team of teams" effort involved more than 40 engineers and scientists—working on the ground segment, flight dynamics, software and networks—all ready to assume control of the satellite following lift off.

After weeks and weeks of simulations, the team has completed this phase and is now fully prepared for the launch and deployment of the European Commission's latest Earth observation mission, to be lifted into orbit by a Vega rocket from Europe's Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana on 4 September at 03:50 CEST.

"This is not the first Sentinel mission we operate here at ESOC. Our experience has helped us standardize our approach so that we are able to test ourselves on the widest range of anomalies while still facing the most challenging situations," says Franco Marchese, Flight Operations Director for Sentinel-2C.

"One of our main challenges has been the knowledge transfer to the partially new team, as the previous models of Sentinel-2 were launched more than seven years ago," says Pete Collins, Deputy Flight Operations Director for Sentinel-2C.

"Our team has been flying Sentinel satellites and performing routine operations, including the A and B models of Sentinel-2, but putting a spacecraft into orbit is always a complex phase with its own unique challenges. We have prepared very well and have achieved this in a relatively short time."

'Like throwing monsters at the operators'

From a room in the basement, the true conductors of the simulation campaign, the simulation officers lead by aerospace engineer Gustavo Bardo Carvalho, are running the show and they always have more than one string to their bow.

"The role of this exercise is to test the team's capabilities to detect problems, adapt their timeline and, more generally, adapt to the scenario under stress and time pressure," explains Gustavo. "It feels like setting up a role-playing game. We confront the team with 'monsters'—in this case, anomalies of minor or major magnitude—and let them come up with solutions, think outside the box, have creative ideas, and learn from their mistakes."

From the simulations room, where flight data is simulated and fed to the control room, Gustavo and his team have been challenging the Sentinel-2C control team with an exhaustive list of issues to solve, from errors injected in the data, to the loss of ground stations, absence of team members (simulated sickness), and instrument and transmission failures.

Some are common and anticipated, others require the mission control team to brainstorm and exercise the communication between many multidisciplinary teams, such as the flight control team, industry partners, flight dynamics, the ESA space debris office, mission control system software and the ground stations.

"We made sure to not necessarily give a clear solution. Just like in real life, sometimes the best response is just to try to avoid the worst consequences, and we always remind them that reality can be much nastier than any simulation we may invent."

Some exceptional scenarios were also included to force the team to adapt without their usual equipment and deviate totally from the nominal timeline, such as space debris hazards, disruptions resulting from the solar wind or the evacuation of the control room.

"Recently, we simulated a space debris collision alert which required the team to make the satellite ready to engage in a collision avoidance maneuver. This meant skipping the usual steps and commissioning the satellite as early as possible."

On top of testing their technical knowledge, the simulation campaign plays a role in building the team.

"There are many events that can harm the team spirit: from people being sick to managers being rude or non-cooperative. We tried to simulate these moments to test the nerves of the team and make them more resilient."

Dress rehearsal

Lastly, teams at ESOC worked with the joint ESA, Arianespace and industry launch team in Kourou to complete the comprehensive final simulation of the countdown and launch sequence.

During the rehearsal, the mission control team received live signals from the satellite via an umbilical connection that will be disconnected shortly before launch. With this last step completed, the mission control team is now ready to launch the satellite.

[spacenutspod]

JUICE Prepares for a first of its kind double-flyby next year. A Jupiter-bound mission adjusted its course last week…for a rendezvous with Earth. The European Space Agency’s (ESA) Jupiter Icy moons Explorer (JUICE) fired its thrusters for 43 minutes on Friday, November 17th. This sets the mission up for a first of its kind double-flyby next year on August 23rd, as it passes the Moon and then the Earth to pick up momentum. The mission is the European Agency’s first-ever mission to Jupiter. ESA has some experience with outer solar system exploration with the Huygens Titan explorer and lander, which hitched a ride to the Saturn system with NASA’s Cassini mission. A Heavy Mover Weighing in a 6,070 kilograms (spacecraft dry mass, plus fuel and payload adapter), JUICE is one of the heaviest ever planetary exploration missions mass-wise. The course correction was also a crucial test of the main engine in deep space. Now, engineers will assess if JUICE needs another smaller burn in May to tweak its trajectory prior to the Earth-Moon flyby. A simulation of Juice’s flyby past the Earth and the Moon next August. Credit: ESOC “This manoeuvre used up roughly 363 kilograms of fuel—or almost exactly 10% of the 3,650 kilograms of fuel that JUICE launched with,” says Julia Schwartz (ESOC Mission Flight Dynamics Engineer) in a recent press release. “It was the first part of a two-part manoeuvre to put JUICE on the correct trajectory for next summer’s encounter with Earth and the Moon. This first burn did 95% of the work, changing JUICE’s velocity by almost 200 m/s.” JUICE used a thruster burn in the past, to help free its stuck RIME (Radar for Icy Moons Exploration) antenna. JUICE’s stuck RIME antenna, with Earth in the background. Why Flybys Planetary flybys are a crucial and efficient way to get spacecraft to their destinations. Instead of carrying the mass of extra fuel, a mission can use the gravity of a massive world to simply gain momentum and sling it towards its target. The August 2024 flyby comes 16 months after its April 14th, 2023 launch from the Guiana Space Center. Other missions including Cassini and Juno have used an Earth flyby to pickup speed in the past, but the added bonus of a close inbound lunar flyby is a first. Expect to see some great images from the spacecraft of the Earth-Moon pair, as researchers will likely take the opportunity to use the flyby to calibrate and test instruments aboard the spacecraft. JUICE will first pass the Moon, and will then pass the Earth 36 hours later. On Earth flyby, the mission will pass close enough that well-placed observers using binoculars or a telescope may see the mission as a fast-moving ‘star’. This first-of-its-kind maneuver is known as a ‘LEGA’ or Lunar-Earth Gravitational Assist. Osiris-REX flies past Earth. Credit Gianluca Masi/Virtual Telescope Project The Timeline to Jove If this burn was accurate enough, it could put gravity in the driver’s seat. JUICE won’t need to use its engines again until it arrives at Jupiter in 2031. After 2024, JUICE will make a flyby past Venus in 2025, and then two more flybys past the Earth in 2026 and 2029. A timeline of JUICE’s journey to Jupiter. Credit: ESA. Arrival at Jupiter and the Final Fate of JUICE Then comes the biggest test of the spacecraft’s main engine. In 2031, just 13 hours after the spacecraft’s first pass near Ganymede and arrival in the Jovian system, JUICE will need to change velocity by a full one kilometer a second—five times bigger than this month’s change. JUICE’s objective is to explore the icy moons of Jupiter: Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. These moons have only been briefly seen up close during the Voyagers, Cassini, Juno and New Horizons flybys. The enigmatic moons may harbor extensive subsurface oceans, and—just perhaps—chemistry conducive to life. JUICE carries a suite of instruments to probe the moons including the RIME radar sounder, the first ever such instrument to fly to Jupiter. RIME will be able to provide depth and thickness analysis for the ice and oceans of the Jovian moons. New Horizons spies Io and Europa during its Jupiter flyby. Credit: NASA/APL/SwRI Powering JUICE at Jupiter is also challenging, as the Sun is much fainter in the outer solar system. Like NASA’s Juno, JUICE is also solar-powered. The mission has two huge, folding cruciform-shaped solar panels. These will provide 50 watts of energy per square meter at Jupiter. Power efficiency at Jupiter’s distance from the Sun drops to just 3% of that received near the Earth. The mission will make 35 flybys past the three moons, before settling into its final orbit around Ganymede in late 2034. JUICE will be joined by NASA’s Europa Clipper Mission, launching late next year and arriving at Jupiter just before JUICE in 2030. Watch for JUICE, briefly visiting our homeworld next summer. Catch ESA’s JUICE documentary dropping on YouTube on November 23rd: The post ESA’s Juice Mission is Approaching Earth. Why Has it Come Home Before Visiting Jupiter? appeared first on Universe Today.

[oe24at]

ESOC 2023: Neue Studie zeigt: KI-Tool übertrifft menschliche Notrufmitarbeiter bei der Erkennung von Schlaganfällen

München, Deutschland (ots /PRNewswire) – Forscher aus Dänemark haben ein neues System mit künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) entwickelt, um die Zahl der Schlaganfälle zu reduzieren, die von menschlichen Rettungskräften unentdeckt bleiben. Das System übertraf die Notrufzentralen bei der Erkennung von Schlaganfällen bei beiden Geschlechtern und in allen untersuchten Altersgruppen, was darauf hindeutet,…

[jinglebellringer]

ESOC 2023 , 24-26 May 2023 Munich, Germany = The 9th European Stroke Organisation Conference (ESOC) 1 2 3 4 5 ...

[astronomyforastrologers]

ESA’s Juice lifts off on quest to discover secrets of Jupiter’s icy moons

ESA’s Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (Juice) lifted off on an Ariane 5 rocket from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana at 14:14 CEST on 14 April. The successful launch marks the beginning of an ambitious voyage to uncover the secrets of the ocean worlds around giant planet Jupiter. 

Following launch and separation from the rocket, ESA’s European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) in Darmstadt, Germany, confirmed acquisition of signal via the New Norcia ground station in Australia at 15:04 CEST. The spacecraft’s vast 27 m long solar arrays unfurled into their distinctive cross shapes at 15:33 CEST, ensuring Juice can travel to the outer Solar System. The completion of this critical operation marked the launch a success.

“ESA, with its international partners, is on its way to Jupiter,” says ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher. “Juice’s spectacular launch carries with it the vision and ambition of those who conceived the mission decades ago, the skill and passion of everyone who has built this incredible machine, the drive of our flight operations team, and the curiosity of the global science community. Together, we will keep pushing the boundaries of science and exploration in order to answer humankind’s biggest questions.”

“It is thanks to the leadership of ESA and the effort and commitment of hundreds of European industries and scientific institutions that the Juice mission has become a reality,” says Giuseppe Sarri, ESA’ s Juice Project Manager. “Together with our partners NASA, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and the Israel Space Agency, who have also contributed hardware or scientific instrumentation, we have reached this much-awaited launch milestone.”

From Galileo to Juice

Jupiter, shining brightly in the night sky, has sparked fascination ever since our ancient ancestors first looked up. Astronomer Galileo Galilei brought Jupiter into focus in 1610, observing the planet through a telescope for the first time and discovering its orbiting moons. His observations overturned the long-held idea that everything in the heavens revolved around Earth. Centuries later, Juice – which carries a commemorative plaque in honour of Galileo’s discoveries – will see Jupiter and its moons in a way that Galileo couldn’t even have dreamt of.

Thanks to the legacy of previous Jupiter missions we know that three of the planet’s largest moons – Europa, Ganymede and Callisto – hold quantities of water buried under their surfaces in volumes far greater than in Earth’s oceans. These planet-sized moons offer us tantalising hints that conditions for life could exist other than here on our ‘pale blue dot’, and Juice is equipped to bring us one step closer to answering this alluring question.

“Over 400 years ago, Galileo discovered moons orbiting Jupiter – news that shocked the renaissance world and revolutionised humankind’s understanding of our place in the Universe,” says Carole Mundell, ESA’s Director of Science. “Today, we have sent a suite of ground-breaking science instruments on a journey to those moons that will give us an exquisite close-up view that would have been unimaginable to previous generations. Juice carries the dreams of anyone who’s ever gazed up at Jupiter shining brightly in the night sky and wondered about our origins.

“The treasure trove of data that ESA Juice will provide will enable the science community worldwide to dig in and uncover the mysteries of the jovian system, explore the nature and habitability of oceans on other worlds and answer questions yet unasked by future generations of scientists.”

Juice is the last ESA space science mission to launch on an Ariane 5, in a long legacy dating back to 1999 with the launch of XMM-Newton, which is still in operation today, and most recently, the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope in 2021.

“What a magnificent demonstration of Europe’s capacity to dream big and deliver results to match,” says Daniel Neuenschwander, ESA’s Director of Space Transportation. “We can all be proud of Ariane 5 for making possible missions like Juice and setting such a high standard for our new generation of launch systems.”

Over the next two-and-half weeks Juice will deploy its various antennas and instrument booms, including the 16 m long radar antenna, 10.6 m long magnetometer boom, and various other instruments that will study the environment of Jupiter and the subsurface of the icy moons.

An eight-year cruise with four gravity-assist flybys at Earth and Venus will slingshot the spacecraft towards the outer Solar System. The first flyby in April 2024 will mark a space exploration first: Juice will perform a lunar-Earth gravity-assist – a flyby of the Moon followed 1.5 days later by one of Earth.

ESA’s spacecraft operators, technology engineers and mission analysts have worked exhaustively to prepare for the challenges that lie ahead on this adventurous mission.

Shields will protect the spacecraft’s sensitive electronics from the monstrous levels of radiation in the Jupiter system. Multi-layered insulation will keep internal temperatures stable while externally they may reach more than 250ºC during the Venus flyby and -230ºC at Jupiter.

“Hundreds of millions of kilometres from Earth and powered by just a sliver of sunlight, we will guide Juice through 35 flybys of Jupiter’s ocean moons in order to gather the data needed to bring scientists closer than ever to these compelling destinations,” says Ignacio Tanco, ESA’s Juice spacecraft operations manager.