#es; vocab

[octopus-defence-squad]

In my spanish class, we had to write a short paragraph describing a celebrity. I immediately forgot any celebrity I have ever heard of once that was announced, of course, so I ended up writing about Jonny Sims (featuring some creative interpretations of facts bc i couldnt be bothered to check and didnt know off the top of my head).

HOWEVER, while i was initially debating who to do, the people sitting near me suggested writing about a musician I liked. i laughed, bc the only thought i had was the mechs.

blame them for this:

Él es Jonny D’Ville. Es britanico o de Nueva Texas. Es cantante y pirata del espacio con su banda/amigos. Es imposible morirse. Es un criminal y es muy antipático. Él es mi gatito mojado. Me gusta mucho.

[wardenes-official]

So you only see yourself as your job? As a tool? That's pathetic. Do you even have an answer to the question "Who are you?" or are you going to cower behind your title again, 15-year old "prison guard"?

How can you guard anything if you don't even know your own self, your own worth? Do you know the worth of what you're guarding? Are you guarding yourself? MILGRAM? Or are you a mindless follower told to delegate punishment and you're carrying it on without a thought?

Do you even know what you're doing and what you're doing it for? Do you have any basis of self to ground your claims upon?

Gh.. That’s not.. what I meant. My role does not define me, I am not a tool. What I’m saying is that if I’m meant to play this part, then I will with all my heart. I am still myself, still… Es behind it all..

I am not cowering behind my title, you had the audacity to question me when I am handling my job as warden just fine. There was no reason for you to.

And that— that doesn’t matter either. They are all but relevant to me currently. I don’t need to know all… that to fulfill my role. Just shut up, will you? Don’t just freely pry into these kind of things.

I am Milgram’s warden and I’m here to discover the murders of the prisoners, and to deem them forgiven or unforgiven. I am no follower to anything. End of story, nothing else matters.

Even if I may not know why I was here in the first place or why I’m selected to do this… I still have to do my job. It is.. now my responsibility. I do not need anything else to motivate me forward.

[mixelation]

remember when i was contemplating a book club. i was making a list of good books to let people vote on but what if. i simply made it twilight

[jaysavex]

QAGGHHJGUGGUUGJJHHB YPUUI NO YOU NEIN N YOU YOU TOU TOU YOU ARE YOU ARE SEHR SÜẞ HGS JUGS HUGS HUGS HUG HUGS please don't look in my sketchbook it's literally all like very old sans art probably GO IGS HUGS HUGS HUYS HUHS I LOVE YOUOO AHIUHHH+!!!!1!!!!1?!;!2;; I LOVE YOURE

QRT SO MUCH YOUR ART GIVES ME SO MUCH FUCKING JOY EAUGHHHH ILY SMSMSMSMSMMS DRIBK SOME SOUP MEIN DUMMERCHEN AAAUAGHHHHHHH🥺🥺🥺📢🥺📢🥺🫂🫂🫂🫂🫀MWUAH mwuah kiss kiss love you jestie

NEIN DU!!! HEBHFKSD CHERRYYY ICH LIEBE DICH 🥺🥺🥺 meine Liebe,, oder Lieber,,, actually neither of those r right technically idk there's no gender neutral term for that as far as I know rah >:( WHATEVER anyways yesyesyesyes hugs!!!! 🫂🫂🫂🫂🫂🫂🫂🫂💖💖✨🫂✨✨🫂💖✨🫂✨💖✨🫂💖💖✨🫂 :) :D✨

AND DJWJFKLSD THE SKETCHBOOK SAME LMAO it's ok we can make fun of our undertale phase together,, talk abt our favorite aus,,, 🥺

ANYWHO TY MY DEAR DARLING I ACTUALLY HAVE SOUP LEFTOVERS SO I WILL EAT SOME 🤸 I hope u eat smth yummy like a sweet or good bread or delicious spring rolls,,, today's german word of the day is lecker it means tasty there u go now u can describe good foods yipee!!

[minglana]

gracias a @guillemelgat per la idea! <3

LAS PLANTAS - PLANTS

la botanica - botany

la fuella - leaf

la flor - flower

el lulo - fruit

la simient - seed

la rabaza (g.)/radiz/vena - root

el árbol - tree

el tronco - tree trunk

la rama - branch

la toza - tree stump

la fotosintesi - photosynthesis

la puga - thorn

el petalo - petal

la fusta - wood

la selva/el bosque - forest

la hierba - grass

-----

l'alfalz - alfalfa/lucerne

el panizo - corn

la trunfa - potato

el ordio - barley

el trigo - wheat

la col - cabagge

l'ensalada - lettuce

las lentillas - lentils

la carrota - carrot

l'oregano - oregano

la crabaza* - pumpkin

el tomate* - tomato

la manzana* - apple

la pera* - pear

el prixego (g.)/presiego/malacotón* - peach

l'alberge/l'ubridor* - apricot

la minglana/mengrana* - pomegranate

el figo/la figa* - fig

el chordón* - raspberry

l'aranyón* - blackthorn

l'anayón* - huckleberry

el ababol - poppy

la falaguera (g.)/felequera - fern

la liedra - ivy

l'ixordiga* - nettle

el caixigo - oak tree

el litonero - hackberry tree

el buixo - boxwood tree

el pino - pine tree

el salz - willow tree

el chinipro/chinebro - juniper tree

l'acirón/l'escarronero - maple tree

el fau - beech tree

*their respective trees/bushes are all gramatically feminine

[sparklingchim]

m supposed to study for spanish but i don't wanna stop writing :(

[once-in-a-blue-moon-rising]

day 3/? of using my Spanish vocab in a silly little fic original story

El endurecimiento de las normativas no fue una sorpresa, sino una expectativa. En el instituto como las reglas se reforzaban tan se ajustaban los cinturones de los estudiantes. Su ropa se volvió suelta, y los sueters gruesos no podrían ocultar las figuras flacas con huesos sobresaliendo por piel translucido. Nadie habló en voz alta nada mas - en vez de eso, susurraron en los rincones mas oscuros, las voces débiles acabando repentinamente cuando apareciera un profesor, vigilando los pasillos, incluso durante los descansos del almuerzo. Especialmente durante los descansos. Alguna sugerencia del vicio, al transgredir las leyes por un milímetro, y los adultos deleitarían con la oportunidad de castigar sus cargos. Y, allá, los castigos fueron casi ilimitados.

En la opinión de Mari, los profesores tenían un parentesco cercano con los dictadores de sus libros de historia. Al menos, pensaba, estaban emparentados con los villanos de sus cómics, pero faltaban el sentido de diversión de ellos. La comparación les dio demasiado grandeza. De hecho, fueron solo un conjunto de buitres, alimentándose con la promulgación de miseria y el aplastamiento de almas jóvenes.

[vix2section]

something about learning a language by yourself when there's literally nowhere you can take physical classes or anything is a lot like pulling teeth

[mkstudyblr]

Spanish Diary 10/1/22

Buenos días! Bienvenidos a mi blog!

Hola, me llamo MK. Yo soy una mujer. Mi palabras es no bueno. Lo siento. Adiós! 👋

[3typical3]

Tip for non Hispanic ppl writing Spanglish

*I initially wrote this at 1 am so like, keep that in mind as you decipher this lol

*context is key when speaking Spanglish, if your character is in a professional setting they probably won’t speak Spanglish unless it’s to a fellow co worker who also speaks Spanglish. It’s more of a casual way a speaking yk?

Also parents, I avoid Spanglish with my parents unless we’re switching from just speaking Spanish to just speaking English. But that’s depends from family to family.

It’s typically like switching sentences and not dropping in random words.

Example “ es Que fui a la tienda, and they were out of milk”

Example “ te ves cansada, did you sleep last night?”

“La neta” is and extremely common Mexican slang term, typically means, honestly. It can also be used to mean ‘really?’

Honestly example:

“La neta, Im tired”

Or “La neta, estoy cansada. Im going to bed”

In the case it means “really?”:

ex.) “Neta?! They said that?!”

I personally say “ de que” which is basically saying “like”, it’s a filled term, before saying a sentence in either English or Spanish

example “ de que idk it won’t work”

I’m Mexican so I use “ósea” a lot in both languages. Another substitute for words like:

“I mean,” “it'd be,” ”like,” “so,” “that is,” “therefore,” and “or.”

Ex. “ ósea, it looks weird idk”

The famous “ pero like” I personally don’t use a lot but an example of how it’s used in Spanglish is “ pero like, how did it happen?”

Sometimes I Just say “ fuck” but like in my Mexican accent or in a sentence.

“ fuck, perdí mi pulsera”

When I get startled I cuss in both English and Spanish but a Spanglish example would be

*insert random startling noise

“ ala verga! That scared me” or “ hijo de tu puta madre!” when something REALLY scared the shit out of me lol

“Chingada madre, where did that come from”

Rlly insert any cuss word in there and it probably works in Spanglish.

Edit bc I thought of this the morning after

In Mexican Spanish for whatever reason the word “madre” can be used like kinda like a cuss word lol.

Example “ Me vale madres”

Which in English would translate to “I don’t value mothers” but in practice means “I don’t give a shit” or “I don’t care”.

Another Mexican deep cut is the word “pedo” which yes, means fart but we’ve really given the word so many alternative meanings like

“ no es mi pedo “ = “not my problem”

“Estoy bien pedo” = “in rlly drunk”

“Vas a la peda?” = “ are you going to the party/kickback”

There’s more but that’s like the basics lol.

Also another Mexican term is “Aguas”… which literally translates to “waters” but it’s used as a warning.

“Aguas, there’s car coming”

The most famous of Mexican slang has to be “wey” or “guey” depends on how you spell it. But it just means dude. Another term that goes in hand is, “no mames” which basically means “are you kidding me”.

*men for whatever reason hate when the girl they’re dating or are into calls them wey. I think it’s because it’s seen as either improper or as like friend zoning.

“Wey, you’re not gonna believe this”

“No mames wey, look at this”

Another term is “equis” which basically means whatever

“How was the party?”

“Estuvo equis”

Another example

“ now was she dressed?”

“Equis, nothing crazy nothing wow”

*I recommend for Mexican characters looking into the words, or you can just ask me I just don’t wanna make this longer than I already have lol, “mamar”/“mamo”/“mamon”, each you would think is the same but no, no they are not and using one in the wrong context could be catastrophic lol. They are vital words to our vocab

If you’re writing to a character from a specific country, take the time to learn some slang. Sometimes slang crosses over, sometimes even we use slang we learn from each others dialects. Personally I love “joder”/“no jodas” because of the shows from Spain.

But take the time because if you write a Colombian character using most of the slang I’ve used above, you’d get a lot of hate from Colombians lol.

Some bad Spanglish examples would be

“ why didnt you eat your comida?”

Like no. Just no. Inserting a random Spanish word doesn’t equate to Spanglish, at least not in most Latin peoples lives

“ you look cansada” also just no.

*Edit I saw someone post abt this and I felt like adding it in

If you do insert a random Spanish word or vice versa it’s because you forgot the word but that involves a lot of blanking and being annoyed you can’t dig the simplest word out of you sub conscience lol

Example: “ you look, FUCK what’s the word! You know when you’re cansada…TIRED. You look tired”

Another commenter addition I’ll be adding is using “eh” as a filler instead of “um”. I use both but even in English I default to using “eh” or “ehmmmm”

The worst is when you don’t remember the word, only to have it appear in your subconscious hours later lol

Another fav filler word is “deste” which equates to another more Central American term “vaina” but a less refined way of saying it. Essentially they mean “thing” but that thing can be anything. It’s kinda a word when you’re to lazy to say the actual word.

“Pásame el deste”

*passes them x ítem

“No I meant the remote”

*trying not to kill the person because they could’ve said remote the whole time but chose not to

Sometimes we use bad Spanglish on purpose just to be funny

“Que sad” “Que cute”

* i personally love inserting the word cute into my vocab in Spanish just cuz so to each their own

Something I do is like say something in English and immediately say the exact same thing in Spanish. Or like I’ll say an exclamation in one language then end in the other.

“ GO GO GO, VÁMONOS APÚRATE”

“Que asco, gross”

“WOW, que bueno”

Also if you’re writing like couples tbh nicknames in Spanish would be reserved for when you’re speaking in Spanish and same for English, but each couple is different so if you rlly want to leave a nickname in Spanish in go for it. If you rlly want the endearment to be “ mi amor” please remember that after like the first or second time the Spanish speaker would probably just refer to their S/O as “ amor” or switch between the two.

Which brings me to the terms “mami/mamita” and “papi/papito”. Now, while they Can and are by some used in a sexual manner, they can also be used as general terms of endearment. My mom will sometimes call me mamita or my brother papito.

Amongst couples though it’s just kinda said, I saw someone describe it was you just give motherly energy so “mami” is said lol which I get oddly enough.

Once a couple is well established or just comfortable the woman can refer to her S/O as “ viejo” which is old man lol, but it’s like cute. On the flip side idk it’s typically seen as offensive when a man calls his S/O “vieja” but that depends on culture to culture.

Again mami and papi don’t have to be sexual but can be.

Another simple thing you can do is look up nicknames for certain names.

Examples:

“Mike” pronounced “Mique” for Miguel. Some people like to use “Mickey”, that gained popularity from an old Mexican singer lol.

“Ponchó” For Alfonso

“Ale” Can be used for Alejandro/Alexandra/Alejandra

Another thing I thought of is amongst siblings when referring to our parents we will say like

“Haz visto a mi mamá”

Which means have you seen “my mom” even though she’s both our mom… idk it’s weird but a nice little touch you could add to your writing lol

I get rlly annoyed reading bad Spanglish, sometimes it’s just painfully cringe and just obvious a non Spanish speaker wrote it, and I realize it’s bc most of y’all didnt grow up with it so like this is just what is typical Spanglish most Hispanic ppl grow up speaking, obviously not everyone speaks like this but figured I’d give tips from someone who actually speaks English and Spanish and switches between.

If I missed anything feel free to add on or if you disagree add examples

[venleaf]

Indo Miku you are so real to me <333

also some small vocab

es teh tawar - ice tea

bakso - Indonesian meat ball

mie - noodles

jepit - sandals

[spanishskulduggery]

Most Essential Vocabulary #1

I decided to compile a list of some of the most basic and essential vocab for Spanish since I couldn’t totally find a lot. 

These are going to be the words that you’re going to be using and seeing the most for Spanish, so it will come across as very basic for some

I decided to do this in multiple parts because there are lots of topics - so if you have suggestions on certain topics, please let me know! There probably will be words repeated for different “categories”

Pronouns

yo = I

tú = you [informal]

usted = you [formal]

nosotros = we [m+m, m+f] nosotras = we [f+f]

ustedes = you all [for Spain it’s formal, for Latin America it’s formal and informal]

vosotros = you all [m+m, m+f; informal, Spain] vosotras = you all [f+f; informal, Spain]

él = he

ella = her

~

elle = they [no specified gender; this is not considered “proper” Spanish, but it is used in many queer communities for someone non-binary; “proper” Spanish only really has “he” or “she” or refers to someone of unknown or unspecified gender in vague terms like alguien “someone” or una persona “a person” and conjugates them with 3rd person singular]

-

Question Words

qué = what que = that [connecting clauses] lo que = what, “the thing that”, that which [a stand in for a noun]

por qué = why el por qué = “the reason why”, “the motive” porque = because [connecting clauses]

cuál, cuáles = which, which ones

dónde = where donde = where [connecting clauses]

cuándo = when cuando = when [connecting clauses]

cómo = how como = as, like [connecting clauses]

cuánto/a = how much/many  cuanto = so much [or en cuanto “insomuch” or “as far as”]

~

cuánto/a is used with countable objects

For using “how + adj/adv” you have to use a separate expression; in more literary Spanish this is cuán which is not used very much now except in some lyrics and poetry. For everyday Spanish there’s a separate word/phrase:

qué tan = how + adj/adv [Latin America] ¿Qué tan rápido es? = How fast is it? ¿Qué tan larga es la historia? = How long is the story? ¿Qué tan profundo es el océano? = How deep is the ocean?

cómo de = how + adj/adv [Spain] ¿Cómo de grande es? = How big is it? ¿Cómo de alta es la montaña? = How high is the mountain? ¿Cómo de ancho es el río? = How wide is the river?

-

Prepositions

Please be aware certain prepositions are used differently than others. The main ones to be very aware of are: a, de, en, por, para, and con

...By far, a is the most versatile and has the most uses, followed by de

Primarily this is just a list of things to know, but some of them require proper context to fully understand in my opinion

a = to

de = of / from

en = on / in

por = for / by, via 

para = for / up to / in order to

con = with

sin = without

sobre = on, upon / about, pertaining to acerca de = about, pertaining to

hacia = toward, towards

bajo = under debajo (de) = under, underneath

encima (de) = on top of

desde = from, since

hasta = until, up to

según = according to

antes = before

después = after

tras = following, after

entre = between

enfrente (de) = in front of, facing

junto/a = together junto a = next to, beside

al lado de = next to

durante = for (a period of time) / during

mientras = while

a través de = through a lo largo de = throughout

alrededor de = around, surrounding

mediante = through, via, by means of por medio de = through, via, by means of

vía = via

versus = versus [exactly like English... because it’s Latin; the pronunciation is different obviously]

contra = against, versus/vs / against, up against [e.g. contra la pared “(up) against the wall”]

-

Standard Spanish 101 Vocab

algo = something

nada = nothing la nada = nothingness

alguien = someone

nadie = no one

el hombre = man el caballero = gentleman / man [lit. “knight” or “horseman”] el señor = sir, gentleman / lord / Mr.

la mujer = woman [potentially “wife”] la dama = lady / woman la señora = lady / madame, Mrs. la señorita = miss, (young/unmarried) lady

alto/a = tall, high

bajo/a = short, low

gordo/a = fat

flaco/a = skinny, thin delgado/a = skinny, thin

grande = big

pequeño/a = small

inteligente = intelligent

(ser) listo/a = (to be) smart (estar) listo/a = (to be) ready

rico/a = rich

pobre = poor

guapo/a = good-looking

lindo/a = cute, good-looking bonito/a = cute, good-looking

feo/a = ugly

joven = young

viejo/a = old

menor = younger / minor

mayor = older, elder / major

justo/a = fair, just

injusto/a = unjust, unfair

fácil = easy

difícil = hard, difficult

apenas = hardly, barely a duras penas = just barely

fuerte = strong

débil = weak

veloz = quick rápido/a = fast [adj] rápido = quickly, fast [adv]

lento/a = slow [adj] lento / lentamente = slow, slowly [adv]

trabajador(a) = hard-working

perezoso/a = lazy

tonto/a = stupid, silly

ingenioso/a = ingenious, clever

bueno/a = good

bien = good, well [adv]

malo/a = bad

mal = badly, wrong [adv]

equivocado/a = wrong, incorrect

genial = wonderful, amazing

maravilloso/a = wonderful / wondrous, marvelous

pésimo/a = really bad, awful

alegre = happy

feliz = happy

triste = sad

enojado/a = angry

preocupado/a = worried

asustado/a = surprised / scared

enfermo/a = sick

mejor = better el/la mejor = the best

peor = worse el/la peor = the worst

largo/a = long

corto/a = short

vivo/a = alive, living

muerto/a = dead

presente = present, here

ausente = absent

-

Time - Days

Note: All days of the week and all months are masculine

lunes = Monday

martes = Tuesday

miércoles = Wednesday

jueves = Thursday

viernes = Friday

sábado = Saturday

domingo = Sunday

la semana = week

el fin de semana = weekend el finde = weekend [regional slang] 

el calendario = calendar

el horario = schedule, timeframe

el día [m] = day

la fecha = date (calendar)

la cita = appointment / date (romantic)

hoy = today

ayer = yesterday anteayer = the day before yesterday

esta noche = tonight

anoche = last night

mañana = tomorrow pasado mañana = the day after tomorrow

la tarde = afternoon / evening el atardecer = evening, dusk

la mañana = morning el amanecer = morning, daybreak, sunrise

el mediodía = noon

la medianoche = midnight

la madrugada = the early morning, “wee hours of the morning” [when it’s morning but still dark]

el alba [f]  = dawn la salida del sol = daybreak, sunrise

la puesta del sol = sunset ponerse el sol = for the sun to set

el crepúsculo = twilight / dusk

diario/a = daily [adj] a diario = daily, happening every day [adv] cotidiano/a = daily, everyday

temprano/a = early temprano = soon [adv]

tarde = late [adj / adv]

próximo/a = next

siguiente = following al día siguiente = the next day, the following day

anterior = previous

primer, primera / primero = first

segundo/a = second

la mitad = half [n]

medio/a = half [adj]

tercer, tercera / tercero = third el/un tercio = a third / one-third, 1/3

cuarto/a = fourth

quinto/a = fifth

sexto/a = sixth

séptimo/a = seventh

octavo/a = eighth (or “octave”)

noveno/a = ninth

décimo/a = tenth el décimo = decimal

último/a = last, latest

-

Time - Months

enero = January

febrero = February

marzo = March

abril = April

mayo = May

junio = June

julio = July

agosto = August

septiembre = September

octubre = October

noviembre = November

diciembre = December

el mes = month

mensual = monthly

la quincena = fortnight, two weeks

nuevo/a = new la luna nueva = new moon

lleno/a = full la luna llena = full moon

la medialuna = half moon / crescent

creciente = growing la luna creciente = crescent moon

la primavera = spring

el verano = summer

el otoño = autumn, fall

el invierno = winter

la estación = season

la fiesta = holiday [or “party”]

la Navidad = Christmas

la Nochebuena = Christmas Eve

el Año Nuevo = New Year’s

la Nochevieja = New Year’s Eve

la víspera = eve / evening [with holidays it’s used as “the day before”, or sometimes “vigil”; so la Nochevieja is also sometimes la víspera del Año Nuevo]

Día de los Reyes Magos = Three Kings Day / The Epiphany

San Valentín / el Día de San Valentín = Valentine’s Day

la Cuaresma = Lent

Miércoles de Ceniza = Ash Wednesday

el Carnaval = Carnival / Mardi Gras

la Semana Santa = Holy Week

la Pascua = Easter

el Día de (los) Muertos = Day of the Dead (el) Halloween = Halloween

el Día de Acción de Gracias = Thanksgiving [North America; sometimes just called Thanksgiving or Sangiving]

el Día de Todos (los) Santos = All Saints Day

Día de (la) Independencia = Independence Day

Other countries have their own holidays like Día de la Constitución “Constitution Day” or Día de la Revolución “Revolution Day”, or something more regional like la Tomatina in Spain, or Día de los Santos Inocentes which is “the Day of Holy Innocents” but sometimes translated as “April Fool’s Day”

This is also not counting certain religious holidays or folk holidays, which can vary from country to country

~

For dates in Spanish, you typically use the number + the month: el diecisiete de marzo for example reads as “the 17th of March” or “March 17th”

The ONLY exception is the 1st of every month is el primero instead of saying el uno. As an example: el primero de enero is “January 1st” or “the 1st of January”; this is done because it would be awkward to say “the one of January”

For days of the week you will see something like Viernes 13 [trece] “Friday the 13th” or Martes 13 “Tuesday the 13th” (which is the day of bad luck in Spanish) 

-

Nature / The World

el sol = sun

la luna = moon

la estrella = star

el planeta [m] = planet

el mundo = world

el árbol = tree

la flor = flower

la hoja = leaf

la semilla = seed

el jardín = garden

el bosque = woods, forest

la selva = forest

el océano = ocean

el mar = ocean [sometimes feminine]

el río = river

el arroyo = stream

el lago = lake

el estanque = pond

la orrilla = shore

la isla = island

la ola = wave (water)

el volcán = volcano

la montaña = mountain

la sierra = mountain range [or “saw” in tools]

la piedra = stone la roca = rock

el tiempo = time / weather [or “grammatical tense”]

la hora = hour

la lluvia = rain

la nieve = snow

el granizo = hail / hailstone

el hielo = ice

el viento = wind

la ventisca = blizzard

la tormenta = storm

la nube = cloud

la niebla = fog, mist la neblina = mist, haze

el relámpago = lightning [commonly refers to “the flash of lightning” specifically]

el rayo = lightning, bolt (of lightning) [commonly “lightning” or “lightning strike”]

el trueno = thunder [refers to “the sound” specifically]

la arena = sand

el desierto = desert

el cañón = canyon

el risco = cliff

el monte = wilderness / mountain, mount

la hierba = grass / herb las malas hierbas = weeds [lit. “bad grasses”]

alto/a = tall, high la altura = height

profundo/a = deep poco profundo/a = shallow la profundidad = depth

-

The Human Body - Basics

el cuerpo = body

el peso = weight

la altura = height la estatura = height, stature

el hueso = bone

el órgano = organ

la sangre = blood

la vena = vein

el sudor = sweat

la cabeza = head

la cara = face

el cerebro = brain

el ojo = eye

la nariz = nose

la oreja = ear [outer]

el oído = ear [inner]

la ceja = eyebrow

la frente = forehead

el cuello = neck

la garganta = throat

la espalda = back

la columna (vertebral) = spine / spinal column el espinazo = backbone, spine

el hombro = shoulder

el brazo = arm

la mano = hand

la muñeca = wrist

el dedo = finger el pulgar = thumb el índice = index finger, pointer finger el dedo medio = middle finger el dedo anular = ring finger el meñique = pinky

el puño = fist

el nudillo = knuckle

el tronco = torso [or “trunk” for trees]

el pecho = chest

el seno = breast / bosom [in everyday speech - and vulgar speech - this is la teta “boob” or “tit”]

el estómago = stomach

la barriga = belly / gut la panza = belly

los intestinos = intestines, bowels la tripa, las tripas = “stomach” / innards, entrails

las entrañas = innards, entrails, “one’s insides”

la cintura = waist

la cadera = hip

la pierna = leg

la rodilla = knee

el tobillo = ankle

el pie = foot

el dedo de pie = toe el dedo gordo = big toe el meñique (de pie) = pinky toe [the other toes are known as el segundo dedo “second toe”, el tercer dedo “third toe”, and el cuarto dedo “fourth toe”]

el corazón = heart

el pulmón = lung

el hígado = liver

el músculo = muscle

el tejido = tissue (medical)

la uña = nail (finger/toe)

el pelo = hair (any kind)

el cabello = hair (specifically on the head)

los sentidos = the senses

la vista = eyesight, sight

el oído = hearing, sense of hearing

el olfato = smell, sense of smell

el gusto = taste, sense of taste

el tacto = touch, sense of touch

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Around the House

la casa = house

el hogar = home / hearth

el apartamento = apartment

el piso = floor [el piso in Spain is typically “apartment”, most commonly translated as “flat” for British English]

el techo = ceiling / roof

el tejado = roof

la mesa = table

la silla = chair el sillón = large chair / armchair

la cama = bed

la almohada = pillow

el sofá [m] = sofa, couch

los muebles = furniture [el mueble is one piece]

el espejo = mirror

el reloj = clock / watch, stopwatch

el estante, los estantes = shelf, shelves / shelving

el gabinete = cabinet

el refrigerador / la refrigeradora = refrigerator la nevera = refrigerator

el congelador = freezer

la tarea = task, chore [commonly meaning “homework”] los deberes = chores / duties los quehaceres = chores

la puerta = door

la ventana = window

la sala = room el salón = room / large room

el cuarto = room

la habitación = bedroom el dormitorio = bedroom [lit. “dormitory” or “sleep-room”] el cuarto = bedroom, personal room

la sala de estar = living room el salón = living room [again, just “big room”] la sala = living room [again, just “room” but it’s any kind of room you might invite someone into] [some places have other words for it]

la cocina = kitchen [also “cuisine” or “cooking”]

el comedor = dining room [or “mess hall”; but any room for “eating”]

la lavandería = laundry room / laundromat

el vestíbulo = foyer, vestibule

la escalera = staircase / stairwell las escaleras = steps, stairs

el baño = bathroom [lit. “bath”] el cuarto de baño = bathroom

el inodoro = toilet bowl [sometimes el váter]

el clóset / el armario = closet / armoire, wardrobe

el garaje = garage

el sótano = basement

el ático = attic el desván = attic

el pasillo = hallway 

el estudio = study

el gimnasio = gym

la biblioteca = library

la despensa = pantry / cupboard

el almacén = storeroom, storage closet [you might see this as “warehouse” for buildings; it means a “storage area” literally]

la oficina = office

la lámpara = lamp

la luz = light las luces = light

encender = to turn on (electronics) [otherwise it’s “to kindle” or “to set on fire”]

apagar = to turn off (electronics) [others it’s “to extinguish” or “snuff out (fire/candles)]

la televisión / la tele = television / TV

el teléfono = telephone, phone

el celular = cellphone [more Latin America] el móvil = mobile, cellphone [more Spain]

el tenedor = fork

el cuchillo = knife

la cuchara = spoon

el plato = plate

el tazón = bowl el bol = bowl el cuenco = bowl

el horno = oven

la estufa = stove, stovetop

el vaso = glass [for water]

la taza = cup / mug [for tea/coffee]

la copa = glass [for wine]

la vela = candle

los trastes = “the dishes” [regional, I think]

la plancha = iron (for clothes) [lit. la plancha is a metal thing you use to “press” on either food or clothes; not to be confused with el hierro “iron” the metal in English]

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Basics of Clothing

la ropa = clothes, clothing

la prenda = garment, item of clothing

la ropa interior = underwear el calzón / los calzoncillos = underwear las bragas = panties, female underwear

el sostén, el sujetador = bra

los calcetines = socks

las medias = socks [las medias can also mean “stockings” or “tights”]

la camisa = shirt

la camiseta = t-shirt

los pantalones = pants, trousers

los zapatos = shoes los tacones = heels las botas = boots

el vestido = dress

la blusa = blouse

la falda = skirt

la chaqueta = jacket

el abrigo = coat, overcoat [usually a “warm coat” or sometimes “winter coat”; a coat specifically to keep you warm outside]

el cinturón = belt

la bufanda = scarf

el guante, los guantes = glove, gloves

la cartera / el monedero = wallet

las gafas / los lentes = glasses las gafas de sol = sunglasses [the older word for “glasses” is los anteojos - it comes across like “spectacles” and shows up in some textbook, but las gafas is the most common one today]

el bolso = purse [some people will use la bolsa - typically though, la bolsa is “bag” like a shopping bag or trash bag]

el bolsillo = pocket

el botón = button

el broche = clasp, fastener, button

la joyería = jewelry

el collar = necklace

el anillo = ring

el pendiente, los pendientes = earrings [regional] el aro / el arete = earring [regional]

el brazalete = bracelet [often on the arm] la pulsera = bracelet [often at the wrist where one’s “pulse” is]

el pijama / los pijamas = pajamas, PJs

el paraguas = umbrella la sombrilla = umbrella [regional]

el impermeable = raincoat [regional]

la gorra = cap [small hat]

el sombrero = hat [with a wide brim, usually all the way around]

el suéter = sweater

la sudadera = sweatshirt

los jeans = jeans los bluyines = jeans [lit. “blue jeans” but could be any color in Spanish] los vaqueros = jeans [Spain; lit. “cowboy (pants)”] [there are LOTS of regionalisms for jeans]

la seda = silk

la piel = leather / skin el cuero = leather

el algodón = cotton

la lana = wool

el terciopelo = velvet

el encaje = lace

la tela = fabric

el mezclillo = denim

-

Basics of Colors

Note: Some names of colors do not change for gender as they are derived from nouns - to distinguish them, I’m not including the definite articles to identify them as adjectives. 

As an example, rosa “pink” comes from “rose”, so la camisa rosa “pink shirt” or el abrigo rosa “pink coat” 

Note 2: When talking about colors as “the color” itself, it is always masculine; el rojo is “the color red”. This is important for distinguishing certain nouns - el naranja is “the color orange” vs. la naranja “orange (fruit)”, or el rosa “the color pink” vs. la rosa “rose (flower)”, or el turquesa “the color turquoise” vs. la turquesa “turquoise (gem)”

rojo/a = red

naranja = orange anaranjado/a = orange, orangey

amarillo/a = yellow

verde = green

azul = blue azul claro = light blue azul celeste = light blue / sky blue azul oscuro = dark blue azul marino = navy blue

añil = indigo

turquesa = turquoise

lila = light purple / lilac, lavender (color)

morado/a = dark purple

púrpura = purple

rosa = pink rosado/a = pink, rosy

marrón = brown (color) café = brown

negro/a = black

blanco/a = white

gris = gray

oro = gold dorado/a = gold, golden

plata = silver plateado/a = silvery

bronce = bronze bronceado/a = bronzed, tanned

arcoíris, arco iris = rainbow

oscuro/a = dark

claro/a = light (color)

castaño = brown (hair/eyes) [lit. “chestnut”]

caoba = mahogany, auburn (hair/eyes) [lit. “mahogany”]

[sonobeunitsarecool]

Sakurai Haruka: An idea (pt. 1)

Okay, dramatic title, but this is just about the information we have that points to Haruka having spent a decent amount of time in a psych ward. ...it's more long-winded than this needs to be, my English teachers (and all my other ones) keep saying I need to be more concise. Can't be bothered. Part 1: Haruka, language, and education. Starting with the character description, we get that he initially only responds to Es's questions with "a word or two", though once he's used to being around someone he becomes "talkative". He likes to talk with the others, even saying that it's his "hobby" in his T1 Q12 response. However, "since his communication skills are poor, he is unable to hold a proper conversation".

Across the whole project, particularly in the first trial, he's hesitant to interact, but he keeps on trying. He seems to stutter a lot, many of his int. answers are written with basic kanji, same with the Japanese subtitles for Weakness and AKAA. Haruka's unused to talking unless the expectations for him are clear (a common theme for him), he's not got a lot of practice with social situations, and his behaviour is notably anxious. It's likely that, so far in his life, he hasn't actually needed any language skills more complex than that. His vocab and character recognition/writing should be better than they are, if only by necessity. It's clear that he's capable of learning the language, as he does know some kanji and his hiragana, and he's adept in using what he does know to fill in the gaps (i.e, in the VDs). ...if he went to school, which he should have, then he'd be more proficient in Japanese. I'm not sure what Haruka's approximate proficiency level is, but it's probably about junior high level (12-15 yrs old, Mu is 16 and in her first year of high school). But he's made very little mention of school in general, if any. Mu's entire MVs are in a school setting, and Yuno at least talks about it (saying she's a high school third year and mentioning theatre club). I don't think Haruka's attended high school, at least. Junior high, maybe, but definitely not high school. He says that knowing another language is "impossible", even if English is mandatory in most Japanese schools. He's not working, either (most expensive thing he's bought was candy floss), or finding education in other areas like a trade or art. He's, technically, a NEET. But he wants to talk to the others. He actively enjoys it. He's responsive. He isn't a hikikomori, really, since between talking to another of the prisoners and being on his own, he'd choose to talk.

It's a conclusion most of us have come to. The neglect and abuse of Haruka, from his mother (he considers his father to be part of his family, but he only really talks about his mother, and his father "wasn't particularly interested" in him. Probably left in his childhood). He wants to be noticed. He wants people to like him. He was jealous of the person he killed. But... why keep him from school? Because of shame (of having a neurodiverse child)? Japan finds it very important to attend school, it's a big thing. Many would find it more shameful not to go. It's not an issue of cost, Haruka's had several pets and those can be expensive to care for. Time? The drain of being a caretaker? Better to send the kid to school, get them doing lots of clubs. But what if, logistically and practically, there wasn't much point to sending Haruka to high school in the first place? If Haruka had spent a significant amount of time on an inpatient unit, then it makes sense. Especially if he has been readmitted on multiple occasions, not far apart (which would be more realistic than one long admission spanning years, I think), then he'd miss too much school to justify enrolling him. He'd miss too many classes, be too far behind, and it would overall be worse for his mental wellbeing to switch between psych care and rigorous education, instead of going between psych care and home. It does actually make sense, to focus on Haruka's mental health instead of attempting schoolwork. ...Not to say that the whole situation was handled well, ahaha no. It explains:

his apparent lack of high school education

why we see the inside of his home prominently in his MVs

why he uses Japanese that's below his expected proficiency level (he's trying to get better, and he's probably been infantilised a bit by professionals and his mother, so there was never a "need" to work on his vocab)

a good part of why Haruka's mother seemingly has never gotten into trouble in regards to her care of Haruka (because, in some ways, she's actually doing the right thing, somehow)

why Haruka doesn't quite know how to talk to people

Okay too long, going to make a part 2 later. More about the evidence pointing to a psych ward specifically, and how that puts much of his behaviour into context beyond "oh he never grew up".

[gollyplot]

Hey friends!

Long story short, my work want me to learn Portuguese (Brazilian) and Spanish so I can translate those languages, as well as the ones I currently work with. They're paying for private tuition for me, but for my self study, does anyone have any suggestions for good sites, apps or resources for learning PT-BR and ES at an intermediate-ish level? Or do I have any Brazilian or hispanohablante mutuals who'd be happy to chat?

For context I'm a professional translator and I know French and Italian (plus a few other non-romance languages) so I'm already very comfortable with romance language grammar, phonology and general vocab. I can already understand like... 40-60% of written Spanish, maybe 30-50% of written Portuguese and managed to get by pretty well speaking Spanish in shops and restaurants when I went to Madrid and Barcelona last year, so I'm definitely not looking for total beginner-level stuff!

Reblogs also appreciated 😌 obrigado / gracias!!

[lena-oleanderson]

uhhhhh been experimenting with writing poetry in spanish as a part of practising. not sure how it's going??

if my grammar is wack, por favor dígame, tengo miedo de preguntarle a mi profesora sobre mi gramática porque mi poesía es,,,,,,,, personal

no but really please feel free to correct my spanish lol

anyway, here they are:

Las Eleciones Que Tomamos

Si quiero

La Estrella Muerta

Una Toracostomía

+ the poem i wrote for class back in like, 11th grade. here's what baby lena was up to (edited a little, mostly for grammar/vocab)

[ukulelekatie]

At this point my Japanese vocab is stronger than my Spanish vocab but my Spanish grammar is stronger than my Japanese grammar, so my brain just decided that the correct way to say “you drink” in Spanish would be to take the Japanese verb nomu and add the Spanish verb ending -es to create nomes.

Another favorite example is the time I tried to say “work from home” in Japanese but all I could come up with was “shigoto en casa”