#electrical transformers | Explore Tumblr posts and blogs

foone · 2 years ago

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transformers are cool

and I'm not even talking about the robots in disguise guys. I'm talking about the electrical component. These things:

(amazingly despite having a desk covered in electronics it took me a minute to find one!)

They're in everything. they make AC power so... powerful, for lack of a better term. And they're fucking awesome magic.

So here's the about why we need them (under the readmore)

Quick initial bit of info you need to know: Electrical power flowing through a conductor has a few primary related characteristics: voltage, current, resistance, and power. Voltage is "how much push" the electricity has. Current is kinda like "how fast it's moving", resistance is, well, resistance: it's how much the wire resists having electricity go down it. Voltage and current combine to form power. There's the same amount of power in a high-current low-voltage flow of electricity as a low-current high-voltage one. (think of it like a fast-flowing water pipe vs a slow-flowing creek. Because the slow one has much more volume, it manages to move the same total amount of water)

So when you put electricity down a wire, you are also heating up the wire, because the wire is not a perfect conductor (unless it's a superconductor, but at the moment that requires cooling it a lot, so we don't do that outside of like MRI machines and cool physics experiments). Most of the time we don't want Hot Wires, we just want electricity to get places. (unless we're making a toaster or an oven, then we DO want hot wires). But it would be a huge waste if we had a powerplant and most of the electricity never got to all the things we need to power because we were just making the wires hot. But there's a trick to avoid this:

So the amount of energy lost to heating is proportional to the current going through it. (It's actually the current squared times the resistance). But the important thing is that low-current = low loss, high-current=high loss. So we just need low-current power lines!

But wait, don't we need current? you need a bunch of current to run things like dryers and electric ovens and so on.

yes. But we don't need to TRANSFER the power using high current. Because here's the thing, voltage and current are related. Thanks to Georg Ohm (no relation to the spiders guy) and Ohm's Law (current = voltage divided by resistance) (plus a side of Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law), you can take a given current and lower the current by increasing the voltage. So we just need high-voltage power lines, and they'll be low-current, and therefore low-heating-loss. Then once it's in your house, we turn it back into low-voltage high-current, and now it's Powerful and can run your dryer or oven or whatever.

But how do we change the voltage of a current? TRANSFORMERS, THAT'S HOW!

So the basic idea of an electrical coil is that as the current in the coil changes, this generates a magnetic flux. To simplify: changing current + coils = magnetism. This is handy when we're building motors, because this is how they work: It's basically a magnet pulling itself around and around in circles.

But wait how do we get changing current? isn't the current coming down the line from the power station constant?

Nope! It's AC current: Alternating Current. This means that instead of a continuous current coming down one wire and going out the other, it's constantly changing direction, 60 times a second. It's a sine wave, it goes positive, then negative, and repeats. So the current is always changing, and if you run it through a coil, it'll create a magnetic field one way, then the other, over and over.

Well that's nifty and all but how do we use that for anything?

So it turns out the whole idea of "a changing current in a coil causes magnetism" is reversible, it works both ways. A changing magnetic field causes a change in current in a coil.

So what if we took our coil and put it next to another coil? Maybe with something in between (a "core") that conducts the magnetism, like a piece of metal?

Well then you put a changing current in one side, and you get a changing current out of the other side! Nifty. But also useless. You got out pretty much the same thing you got in, minus some losses due to heating and magnetism and such. (It's not actually useless: this is an isolation transformer, and can be used for safety reasons)

But here's the next trick: Conservation of energy. You put in a given amount of power, you create a given amount of magnetism, and that magnetism gives you a given amount of power back. Other than some small losses, it all balances. It has to, or the universe wouldn't work, and would explode.

But you what I'm describing here is a perfectly symmetric transformer. What if you had more windings in your coil on one side than you did on the other side?

Well, it turns out that the voltage you get out of a transformer is related to how many turns you have in the output side compared to the input side. So if your input side has 200 turns of a coil, and your output side has 100 turns of a coil, your output voltage will be twice the input voltage. And you can swap this around to make the output voltage half the input voltage.

The current will of course adjust to match. Twice the voltage means half the current.

And now you see how we can make powerlines work. We have our powerplant generate high voltages, then run those super-high voltages (in the range of 100,000-800,000 volts) down huge raised power lines. When they get to an area that needs power, we have a bunch of transformers that lower them to a distribution voltage (somewhere in the range of 5,000-10,000 volts), which runs to a transformer on a pole near your house, which lowers it to the standard 120 volts (in the US. most of the rest of the world uses 240 volts), which is provided to all the outlets in your house.

Then you plug a power supply into those outlets, to run your computer or power your phone, or whatever. Guess what's in there? Another transformer! It lowers the voltage even further, so it'll be 12 or 5 or whatever the device needs. (It also rectifies it into DC power, because computers run on DC, not AC. But it does this after changing the voltage, because it's easier to change the voltage of AC power than DC power).

So it's transformers all the way down.

FINAL BIT OF NEATNESS WITH TRANSFORMERS:

So remember how I mentioned that they're two coils, around a core of metal? Well... you don't need the metal, technically. It helps, yes, and makes them more efficient, but you could just use air. Magnetism can go through air or plastic or all kinds of stuff without being stopped. It's less efficient, sure, but it works.

So what if we then took advantage of this? We build two half-transformers. One in a device that plugs into the wall, and another into some device that needs power, like... a phone! Normally these coils will do nothing, because they're not a complete transformer, as the other coil is nowhere near it.

But if you put the coils near each other, they'll start interacting magnetically. They become a transformer. Power is transferred from one side to the other, through the magnetic field, and now your phone can wirelessly charge without wires!

(It's actually a little more complicated than this: To avoid wasting power by running the charger-half all the time, uselessly making magnetic fields that do nothing, it periodically "pings" to see if there's a phone nearby, and measuring if the current is changed by something being charged by the short duration charge-attempt. If not, it goes to sleep and waits to try it again later, if it sees a drain in the power, it ramps up to a higher intensity to start charging the phone)

#electrical transformers #tech ramblings

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electronalytics · 1 year ago

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Step-down Transformer Market Report Includes Dynamics, Products, and Application, Value, Size, Share 2017 – 2032

Step-down transformers are electrical devices used to lower the voltage levels of electrical power for various applications, and the step-down transformer market refers to the sector of the economy that produces and supplies step-down transformers.

From 2017 to 2030, the size of the global step-down transformer market is anticipated to increase at a CAGR of 5.1%.

Market Overview:

A sizable portion of the worldwide power transformer market is the step-down transformer market.It serves a broad range of industries, including the production, transmission, and distribution of electricity as well as the commercial, residential, and industrial sectors.Step-down transformer production and maintenance are performed by manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, and service providers in the market.

Increasing Power Demand:

The market for step-down transformers is primarily driven by the rising global demand for power.

Increased power consumption is a result of rapid urbanisation, industry, and infrastructural expansion, which calls for the use of step-down transformers.

Renewable Energy Integration:

Step-down transformers are necessary for the grid integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, in order to reduce the generated electricity's voltage to grid-acceptable levels.

Grid Modernization Initiatives:

To increase effectiveness and dependability, many nations are putting their attention on modernising their electricity infrastructures.

Step-down transformer replacement or installation is a common component of grid modernization projects, which is fueling market expansion.

Industrial Growth:

Step-down transformers are necessary for the activities of the industrial sector, which includes manufacturing, oil and gas, mining, and other industries.

The need for step-down transformers is fueled by industrial expansion, particularly in emerging economies.

Smart Grid Development:

The creation of sophisticated step-down transformers with monitoring and control features is necessary for the development of smart grids, which allow for two-way communication and effective energy management.

Aging Grid Infrastructure:

The infrastructure of many nations' electricity grids needs to be modernised or rebuilt.

As obsolete, less efficient transformers are replaced, this opens up chances for the step-down transformer market.

Energy Efficiency Regulations:

Governments and environmental organisations' strict energy efficiency laws force the use of energy-efficient step-down transformers, which fosters market expansion.

Technological Advancements:

Step-down transformers are becoming smaller, more effective, and more dependable because to developments in transformer design, materials, and manufacturing techniques.

Market demand is increasing for innovations like digital monitoring systems and solid-state transformers.

These factors collectively contribute to the growth and demand for step-down transformers in various sectors. The market is expected to expand further as the need for electricity continues to rise, renewable energy integration expands, and infrastructure development projects increase worldwide.

Trends:

1. Growing Demand for Energy-Efficient Solutions: The demand for energy-efficient solutions is growing in the step-down transformer market. There is an increasing need for transformers that can effectively step down high voltage electricity to lower voltages for diverse applications due to a focus on lowering energy consumption and carbon emissions. To satisfy these demands, manufacturers are creating transformers with higher efficiency ratings.

2. Integration of Smart Technologies: The market for step-down transformers is experiencing a major trend towards the integration of smart technologies. A growing number of people are interested in smart transformers that have sophisticated monitoring and control capabilities. These transformers improve the overall effectiveness and dependability of power distribution networks by enabling real-time monitoring, remote control, and diagnostics. Integration of the smart grid is made easier by the use of modern communication systems and the Internet of Things (IoT).

3. Expanding Renewable Energy Sector: The need for step-down transformers is being driven by the rapidly growing renewable energy sector. Higher voltage electricity produced by renewable energy sources like solar and wind must be scaled down before delivery. Step-down transformers are increasingly being used in solar and wind farms in order to enable effective power transmission to the grid as nations throughout the world prioritise the development of renewable energy.

4. Infrastructure Development and Industrialization: Step-down transformer demand is being fueled by infrastructure development and industrialization initiatives in emerging economies. For power transmission and distribution networks in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, construction, and mining, these transformers are crucial. Step-down transformers are anticipated to be required for infrastructure projects because to the ongoing rise of urbanisation and industrial activity.

5. Focus on Grid Modernization and Power Quality: To improve power quality and dependability, many nations are investing in grid modernization projects. Step-down transformers are essential to this procedure because they ensure efficient power distribution and maintain ideal voltage levels. There is a rising focus on updating and replacing outdated transformers with modern, more efficient versions as utilities work to increase grid efficiency, decrease losses, and minimise downtime.

Here are some of the key benefits for stakeholders:

Voltage Regulation and Power Distribution

Electrical Safety and Equipment Protection

Energy Efficiency and Cost Savings

Facilitation of Renewable Energy Integration

Industrial Applications

Transmission Line Optimization

Backup Power and Emergency Preparedness

Flexibility and Customization

Smart Grid Integration

Environment-Friendly Solutions

We recommend referring our Stringent datalytics firm, industry publications, and websites that specialize in providing market reports. These sources often offer comprehensive analysis, market trends, growth forecasts, competitive landscape, and other valuable insights into this market.

By visiting our website or contacting us directly, you can explore the availability of specific reports related to this market. These reports often require a purchase or subscription, but we provide comprehensive and in-depth information that can be valuable for businesses, investors, and individuals interested in this market.

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Market Segmentations:

Global Step-down Transformer Market: By Company

• Technova Control System

• ADM Instrument Engineering

• Wilson Power Solutions

• Tesla Industries

• Procon Controls

• Schneider Electric

• ABB

• SHANGHAI MIN WEN ELECTRIC

• Shanghai YingShiDan Electrical Manufacturing

• Shanghai Huilou Electrical Equipment

Global Step-down Transformer Market: By Type

• 24V

• 36V

• 110V

• 220V

• Others

Global Step-down Transformer Market: By Application

• Industrial Equipment

• Home Appliance

• Consumer Electronic

• Others

Global Step-down Transformer Market: Regional Analysis

The regional analysis of the global Step-down Transformer market provides insights into the market's performance across different regions of the world. The analysis is based on recent and future trends and includes market forecast for the prediction period. The countries covered in the regional analysis of the Step-down Transformer market report are as follows:

North America: The North America region includes the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. The U.S. is the largest market for Step-down Transformer in this region, followed by Canada and Mexico. The market growth in this region is primarily driven by the presence of key market players and the increasing demand for the product.

Europe: The Europe region includes Germany, France, U.K., Russia, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, and Rest of Europe. Germany is the largest market for Step-down Transformer in this region, followed by the U.K. and France. The market growth in this region is driven by the increasing demand for the product in the automotive and aerospace sectors.

Asia-Pacific: The Asia-Pacific region includes Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Japan, India, South Korea, and Rest of Asia-Pacific. China is the largest market for Step-down Transformer in this region, followed by Japan and India. The market growth in this region is driven by the increasing adoption of the product in various end-use industries, such as automotive, aerospace, and construction.

Middle East and Africa: The Middle East and Africa region includes Saudi Arabia, U.A.E, South Africa, Egypt, Israel, and Rest of Middle East and Africa. The market growth in this region is driven by the increasing demand for the product in the aerospace and defense sectors.

South America: The South America region includes Argentina, Brazil, and Rest of South America. Brazil is the largest market for Step-down Transformer in this region, followed by Argentina. The market growth in this region is primarily driven by the increasing demand for the product in the automotive sector.

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• To obtain insights into industry trends and dynamics, including market size, growth rates, and important factors and difficulties. This study offers insightful information on these topics.

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