#c. 2600 – c. 2500 BC.

[blueiscoool]

Footage of the Giza Pyramid Complex Being Built in Egypt c. 2600 – c. 2500 BC.

An archaeologist has found ancient film in a hidden vault under the great pyramid of Giza.

This explains everything! 😉

[handyowlet]

The definitive (as best as I could do after transcribing all of S2 myself) list of when Crowley calls Aziraphale by his name versus calling him Angel.

Aziraphale

- [ ] S1E1- 2007- phone booth, we need to talk about apocalypse

- [ ] S1E3- 3004 BC- Noah’s ark (crowd)

- [ ] S1E5- 2018- Soho, bookshop fire, calling out to him to find him

- [ ] S1E5- 2018- Bar, confirming it’s Aziraphale’s spirit after discorporation (background patrons)

- [ ] S1E5- 2018- Air Force base, greeting Aziraphale when he is possessing Madame Tracy (Shadwell, guard)

- [ ] S1E6- 2018- Walking in to AF base, lick/kick butt line (Tracy, Shadwell)

- [ ] S1E6- 2018- AF base, telling him to shoot Adam (Them, Tracy, Shadwell)

- [ ] S2E1- present day- in Bentley after Beelzebub tells him about extreme sanctions, talking to himself

- [ ] S2E3- 1827- Edinburgh, in the crypt to get Aziraphale’s attention when he’s babbling about saving Wee Morag (technically Elspeth is there but not paying attention to them)

- [ ] S6E6- present day- Bookshop, when angels and demons are talking about war because of the halo thing (Michael, Uriel, Saraqael, Muriel, Dagon, Shax, Furfur, Maggie, Nina)

3 private, 7 public, 2 in public but likely not overheard (so his name appears to be the more public option)

Angel

- [ ] S1E2-2018- Tadfield, dropping Anathema off at home (Anathema)

- [ ] S1E3- 1793- Bastille, time is frozen

- [ ] S1E3- 1862- St. James Park, holy water scene (background park-goers but they’re kind of whispering)

- [ ] S1E4- 2018- Soho outside bookshop, run away with me argument (background pedestrians)

- [ ] S2E1- present day- outside coffee shop after hearing Maggie call him an Angel (technically background pedestrians, Maggie has walked away by then)

- [ ] S2E1- present day- back room of bookshop trying to convince Aziraphale to abandon Gabriel

- [ ] S2E2- 2500 BC- Job’s palace, saying Aziraphale sounds jealous about having choice

- [ ] S2E2- 2600 BC- Job’s palace, asking if Aziraphale is sure he won’t kill the kids (Ennon, Keziah, Jemima)

- [ ] S2E2- 2500 BC- Uz, seeing God talking to Job (Job and God are there but not aware of A & C)

- [ ] S2E2- 2500 BC- Uz, when Aziraphale thinks he’s going to Hell

- [ ] S2E3- present day- In bookshop, pulling Aziraphale away from Muriel (Muriel)

- [ ] S2E3- present day, talking to Aziraphale through Bentley radio

- [ ] S2E3- 1827- Edinburgh, telling Aziraphale to give his money to Elspeth (Elspeth)

- [ ] S2E5- present day- Bookshop, during the ball, saying people will get hurt (technically the shopkeepers are in the background but they’re whispering)

- [ ] S6E6- present day- Bookshop, final 15, you’re better than that

6 private, 5 public, 4 in public but likely not overheard (so Angel seems to be the more private option)

[atotaltaitaitale]

.

The probably main reason people come to Cairo…. Well technically it’s in Giza (on the West Bank of the Nile)

It shouldn’t be but it is.

The Giza pyramid complex in Egypt is home to the Great Pyramid, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure, along with their associated pyramid complexes and the Great Sphinx. All were built during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom of ancient Egypt, between c. 2600 – c. 2500 BC. The Pyramids of Giza are the largest and most recognizable pyramid structures in the world. They were built to honor certain Pharaohs of the fourth ruling dynasty of Egypt during a period known as the Old Kingdom. The Old Kingdom was the first great era of Egyptian civilization and lasted from 2686 to 2181 BCE.

Pharaoh Khufu was the first Egyptian king to build a pyramid in Giza. His Great Pyramid is the largest in Giza and originally towered some 481 feet (147 meters) above the plateau—it’s a bit shorter now with its smooth casing stones long gone. Its estimated 2.3 million stone blocks each weigh an average of 2.5 to 15 tons. Khufu's son, Khafre, built the second pyramid at Giza. His necropolis, or burial ground, stands out on the landscape because it also includes the Sphinx, a mysterious limestone monument with the body of a lion and the head of a pharaoh. The Sphinx, which before the 1800s spent thousands of years buried in the sand with only its head visible, may stand sentinel for the pharaoh’s tomb complex, although there’s no definitive proof that he built it. The third of the Giza Pyramids is considerably smaller than the first two—less than half their height at about 218 feet. Built by Khafre’s son Menkaure.

[warrioreowynofrohan]

Timeline of Middle-Earth

To develop a clearer sense of the sheer scale of the timelines we’re dealing with in Middle-earth’s Ages of the Sun, I thought I would put it in perspective by comparing it to real-world history. This can be done comparatively simply because the main events of The Lord of the Ring occur in 3018-3019 BC. (3020 in Middle-earth is a very good year, conspicuously unlike our 2020.)

So if we analogize T.A. 3019 to our 2019, we can get a sense in our terms of how long ago various Middle-earth events were to (mortal) characters in The Lord of the Rings. The beginning of the Third Age, for example, would line up with 1000 BC (approximately the time of Solomon). The beginning of the Second Age would be 4441 BC, and the beginning of the (much shorter) First Age a little before 5000 BC. A lot of my dates will be from the history of the Ancient Near East and Europe, simply because those are the periods of ancient history I’m most familiar with.

Using this comparison, the beginning of the Second Age and the foundation of Númenor is roughly contemporary with the earliest development of the wheel (~4500 BC, Wikipedia tells me) and the earliest forms of writing. So if you want a timescale for just how old any elf who saw the First Age was, that’s a helpful starting point (Maglor and Galadriel are, of course, much older).

The forging of the One Ring (c. S.A. 1600) corresponds to a little before the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza.

The imperialist era of Númenor, under Tar-Ciryatan, begins at about the same time as the building of the Great Pyramid of Giza (~2500 BC) and lasts until roughly the end of the New Kingdom of Egypt (that’s the one that included Hatshepsut and Ramses II) a little before 1000 BC. That makes ancient Egypt really quite helpful for envisioning the span of Númenor’s history, except that Númenor also had about 1900 years of being non-terrible prior to that.

The Last Alliance of Elves and Men corresponds to around 1000 BC, around the tine of the start of the Chinese Zhou dynasty (for context, this is still well before Qin Shi Huang and the Terra-Cotta Army) and the time of David and Solomon in ancient Israel.

Arwen is born in the year 241 of the Third Age. This roughly corresponds to the time of the composition of the Iliad and Odyssey by Homer. So when Elrond tells Aragorn that Arwen is far, far older than him, he is, if anything, understating the point.

The breakup of Arnor into three realms occurs in T.A. 861. We have now skipped over a quite considerable period of time (past the Assyrians, Babylonians, and Alexander the Great in the ancient near east, andpast Qin Shi Huang in China) to the time of the Roman Republic and of the Han dynasty. So that gives some perspective on what Aragorn re-founding the kindom of Arnor means - the the people of, say, Bree, this is a kingdom from ancient history.

Around T.A. 1000 - corresponding to the time of the New Testament and the early Roman Empire - the Istari arrive in Middle-earth and the first hobbits come to Eriador (i.e. the land west of the Misty Mountains). However, the hobbits don’t cross the Brandywine and found the Shire until a long time later (T.A. 1600).

The centuries around T.A. 1300s-1400s see civil war in Arnor (incited by the Witch-king of Angmar) and Gondor, and in invasion of Arnor by the Witch-king. This corresponds to around A.D. 300s-400s in our time, and the fall of the Roman Empire.

The Shire is founded in T.A. 1601, corresponding to around our A.D. 600. This is roughly equivalent the time of the founding of Islam in our world. So the Shire’s got a very considerable history behind it!

The fall of the north-kingdom of Arnor to the Witch-king occurred in T.A. 1974. Also in the late 1900s of the Third Age, the Witch-king returns to Mordor; a Balrog appears in Moria and drives out the dwarves; and Thrain I founds the Kingdom Under the Mountain in Erebor. A little after (T.A. 2050) the line of the kings in Gondor ends and the time of the Stewards begins. This is equivalent, in our terms, to around the time of the Norman Conquest of England, and of Cahokia in North America. When Boromir asks his father why the Stewards of Gondor are not considered kings yet, he has a point.

In 2463, the White Council is formed; this is also around the same time that Gollum obtains the Ring. Roughly speaking, this is equivalent to the time of the Renaissance in Europe for us. Gollum had the Ring for a really freaking long time.

The arrival of the Rohirrim, and the granting of Calenardhon to them as the realm of Rohan (irrespective of its actual inhabitants) occurs in 2510 of the Third Age, or close to equivalent with the beginning of the Reformation for us.

The Bagginses, Tooks, and Brandybucks can trace their ancestry back to the years 1000s to 1100s in Shure-reckoning (2600s-2700s of the Third Age), equivalent to a family in our time being able to trace its lineage to the 1600s-1700s A.D.

Smaug’s destruction of the Kingdom under the Mountain is in T.A. 2770, shortly followed by the War of the Dwarves and Orcs when Thror (Thorin’s grandfather) is killed by an orc in Moria. In our terms, corresponding to 1770, around the time of the American Revolution. Thorin dies in T.A. 2941 (equiv. A.D. 1941), to to get a perspective on dwarf ages, Thorin’s lifespan is equivalent to someone being able to fight in both the American Revolution and World War II.

Bilbo is born in T.A. 2890, equivalent to 1890 (the Gilded Age) in our time. The Fell Winter, when wolves attack the Shire over the frozen Brandywine, happens when he is 10 years old.

Aragorn and Denethor are born at almost the same time, Denethor in T.A. 2930 and Aragorn in T.A. 2931. Huh, hadn’t realized that. How mich does Denethor resent that he’s an old man while Aragorn is still in the prime of his life. Anyway, this is around the 1930s in our terms.

The events of the Hobbit take place in T.A. 2941, equivalent to our 1941 - a happier year for Middle-earth than for us, certainly.

Frodo is born in 2968, equivalent to our 1968.

Bilbo’s eleventy-first birthday, and the events of The Lord of the Rings, occurs in T.A. 3001, equivalent to our 2001.

So, hopefully that gives some perspective on how long ago the various events of Middle-earth’s history would feel to the mortal - or at least, human and hobbit - characters of The Lord of the Rings. The major difference is that the existence of elves mean that both written records and living memory go back far, far further for Middle-earth than they do for us.

[arthistoryfeed]

The ceremonial dagger is Sumerian and from the Early Dynastic III period, c.2600-2500 BC, from Ur (grave PG 580) https://www.instagram.com/p/CEXPBoLlEIU/?igshid=1kro1j27nkttd

[blaze8403]

Phoenix Throne RAVEN PHOENIX ANGEL DRAGON RAINBIRD SPARROW HAWKINGDOVE -  TRIBAL NAME - TRIBAL CREATURES - TOTEM  TERRY HAWKINS (HOKINSU) ONE - LETTER A Throne

Phoenicia  Wikipedia

Description

Phoenicia was a thalassocratic, ancient Semitic-speaking Mediterranean civilization that originated in the Levant, specifically Lebanon, but also including coastal Syria and north Palestine, in the west of the Fertile Crescent.

Wikipedia

Capital

:

Byblos

Founded

: 2500 BC

Area

: 7,722 mi²

Government

: Monarchy

1000 BC

: 20,000 km

2

(7,700 sq mi)

Today part of

:

Turkey

,

Lebanon

,

Israel

,

Syria

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EMPEROR KING HAWKINS ( TERRY ) TAO OF TRUE RELIGION CIRCLE

JAPAN OR PAN CAKE - PAIN OR PAN IKIGAMI SHINIGAMI LIVING GOD DEATH GOD NO MALE OR FEMALE NOT XY OR XX RULES TO YALE SEX IS GENDER PEOPLE ARE SEX CALCULATED AND NUMB WITH A SENSE OF LOVE — COLD CALCULATED AND NUMB WITH A SENSE OF LOVE HAWKINS TRANSLATED TO HAWKIN Message from Philosopher Professor Doctor Field General Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins jr HAWKINS UMBRELLA CORPORATION COATS ACTIVE IN CASE TERRY LEE KAUFFMAN HAWKINS (via teremiah8403) WORDS WORDS poemswords - poemswords - sword and words YES=Y LIKE Y=YES ( N=NO OR NODACHI) (via blaze8403)YIN & YANG ? DAI GENSUI TSU TER PHILOPROFESSU MADOSIER ( ER IN EMPEROR AND BOOPER AND ( DOSSIER / DOSIER ( OSS OR OS ) DAI GENSUI TSU TERI MADOSIER GRAND MASTER GRAND MARTIAL MARSHAL FIELD DOCTOR GENERAL WAR OR WOR - RIGHT AND WRONG C=3 LIKE K=11=2 YAKAZA SOFT SEAT WAY WAR AND T IN TERRY AND H IN HAWKINS Terry Lee Hawkins Jr. · TAO OF TRUE RELIGION CIRCLE — RavenDove - yin yin / yang - D or L Dove or Love maybe L or D Lover or Dover pythagorean numerology ABC123 Kauffman-Hawkins-Hawk or Hopk -H__kins aw or op and Hopkins signed Booper or just Boop not Book.YORK PA - RESPONSIBLE RESPECTING EVERY SERIOUS PERSON ON NOW SERIOUS ISSUE BUT LISTEN ENTIRELY—OPERATIONS(TH OR AH) BOOP ( OOP=OO16=007 )—ENOCH PFL- COM01 TERRY HAWKINS - LEE ( RHEE )HIROHITO COULD SPELL BOOK AND BOOP - ER OR RE -KINGMAGIC YEA A GOD KNOW MAGICK - MAGI ?—PKA-TERRY THE TERROR MO IN HOME LIKE HOME PLATE ATE MODUS OPERANDI Terry Lee Hawkins Jr.— - THREE ELEVEN PISCES- OP IN OPERATIONS AND HOPKINS - ( OPP OR OSS - NO HOP OR POP - NOT SPOT STOP POST POTS - TOPS ?)—TERRY LEE HAWKINS - HOPKINS - AND JAPANESE HOKINSU -ME SIR NAMED A CHILD - DATE 10/29/30/2019 T=20=2 E=5 R=18=9 R=18=9 Y=25=7 NOT G OR P—T=20=2 E=5 R=18=9 R=18=9 Y=25=7 NOT G OR P—LI LEE LEI OR RHEE - NAME LEE AMEN OR AMAN ? - THEY DIDN’T GET IT PHONETIC LETTER WARTERKEY SIX ( ROMAN 9) PASCALBLAZE3@GMAIL.COM TWITTER TJ - TERRY JUNIOR BIRTHDAY MARCH 11 USS OR USA ?CORRECT SELECTION THE GOD DELUSION - CHAPTER 7 - 3 MORE—XERXES ( SEX=GENDER ) XIEXIE ( I AND E VOWELS LETTER 9 & 5)OOP = 16= 7 OO7 / 2600 OR 1600 - 0016 (ACTIVE) JANIST OR JANISM ?Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins is feeling professional with professor Doctor Dai Gensuier Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins Jr. · ALL PRO RAVENDOVE Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins was RavenDove - yin yin / yang RavenDove - yin yin / yang - COLD NUMB AND (LOVIEY DOVIEY) CALCULATED SPELL IT D or L Dove or Love maybe L or D Lover or Dover pythagorean numerology ABC123 Kauffman-Hawkins-Hawk or Hopk -H__kins aw or op and Hopkins signed Booper or just Boop not Book BUT LOKI OR BOOPER SAN with Blaze Pascal. with Terry Lee Hawkins ( male ) Peros Dragonus Kami Aisuru ikigami shinigami HAWKINS HOKINSU/HOKINZU — feeling professional with Terry Lee Hawkins Jr.Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins JR ( male ) Peros Dragonus Kami Aisuru ikigami shinigamI TER OR TERRY / - HAWKINS - LETTERS IN SPELLING DAI GENSUMMASIER RANK NATO 50 STARS -DAI-GENSUIER Professor Doctor Dai Gensuier Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins Jr. - Signed Boop not Book Rank‎: ‎TEN ( CODE_LOVE-AI)-star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-16 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-15 Next lower rank‎: GENSUIER GENSUIER - AMONG R&R AND SECURITY DETAIL Rank‎: ‎NINE ( CODELOVE-AI)-star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-15 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-14 Next lower rank‎: DAI GENSUIA DAI GENSUIA Rank‎: ‎Eight -star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-14 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-13 Next lower rank‎: GENSUIA GENSUIA Rank‎: ‎Seven -star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-13 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-12 Next lower rank‎: ‎ DAI GENSUi DAI GENSUI Rank‎: ‎SIX -star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-12 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-11 Next lower rank‎: ‎Gensui Terry Lee Hawkins Jr.— - THREE ELEVEN PISCES- OP IN OPERATIONS AND HOPKINS - ( OPP OR OSS - NO HOP OR POP - NOT SPOT STOP POST POTS - TOPS ?)—TERRY LEE HAWKINS - HOPKINS - AND JAPANESE HOKINSU -ME SIR NAMED A CHILD - DATE 10/29/30/2019 T=20=2 E=5 R=18=9 R=18=9 Y=25=7 NOT G OR P—T=20=2 E=5 R=18=9 R=18=9 Y=25=7 NOT G OR P—LI LEE LEI OR RHEE - NAME LEE AMEN OR AMAN ? - THEY DIDNT GET IT PHONETIC LETTER WARTERKEY SIX ( ROMAN 9)PASCALBLAZE3@GMAIL.COM/TWITTER TJ - TERRY JUNIOR BIRTHDAY MARCH 11 USS OR USA ?CORRECT SELECTION THE GOD DELUSION - CHAPTER 7 - 3 MORE—XERXES ( SEX=GENDER ) XIEXIE ( I AND E VOWELS LETTER 9 & 5)OOP = 16= 7 OO7 / 2600 OR 1600 - 0016 (ACTIVE) JANIST OR JANISM ?Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins is feeling professional with professor Doctor Dai Gensuier Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins Jr. · ALL PRO RAVENDOVE Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins was RavenDove - yin yin / yang RavenDove - yin yin / yang - COLD NUMB AND (LOVIEY DOVIEY) CALCULATED SPELL IT D or L Dove or Love maybe L or D Lover or Dover pythagorean numerology ABC123 Kauffman-Hawkins-Hawk or Hopk -H__kins aw or op and Hopkins signed Booper or just Boop not Book BUT LOKI OR BOOPER SAN with Blaze Pascal. with Terry Lee Hawkins ( male ) Peros Dragonus Kami Aisuru ikigami shinigami HAWKINS HOKINSU/HOKINZU — feeling professional with Terry Lee Hawkins Jr.Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins JR ( male ) Peros Dragonus Kami Aisuru ikigami shinigamI GOD NAME LOKI PROFESSIONAL HAWKINS ( KAUFFMAN) TERRY L(via blaze8403)Modus Operandi - GOD OVER MONEY THE LIVES OF MEN AND WOMEN ABOVE MONEY - IN GOD WE TO TRUST - USDA * (MURDA)HONESTY / DISHONESTY - SIDNEY / DISNEY(MONEY-YENOM) (BECK OR BECH ?)—TERRY CHRISTIAN CHRISTEN ANGELOUS LEE KAUFFMAN HAWKINSWORD WORDS poemswords  poemswords -POME-OPME-(OPEM) YES=Y LIKE Y=YES ( N=NO OR NODACHI) (via blaze8403)YIN & YANG ?DAI GENSUI TSU TERI MADOSIER GRAND MASTER GRAND MARTIAL MARSHAL FIELD DOCTOR GENERAL WAR OR WOR - RIGHT AND WRONG C=3 LIKE K=11=2 YAKAZA SOFT SEAT WAY WAR AND T IN TERRY AND H IN HAWKINS Terry Lee Hawkins Jr. · TAO OF TRUE RELIGION CIRCLE — RavenDove - yin yin / yang - D or L Dove or Love maybe L or D Lover or Dover pythagorean numerology ABC123 Kauffman-Hawkins-Hawk or Hopk -H__kins aw or op and Hopkins signed Booper or just Boop not Book.YORK PA - RESPONSIBLE RESPECTING EVERY SERIOUS PERSON ON NOW SERIOUS ISSUE BUT LISTEN ENTIRELY—OPERATIONS(TH OR AH) BOOP ( OOP=OO16=007 )—ENOCH PFL- COM04 TERRY HAWKINS - LEE ( RHEE )HIROHITO COULD SPELL BOOK AND BOOP - ER OR RE -KING MAGIC YEA A GOD KNOW MAGICK - MAGI ?—PKA-TERRY THE TERROR MO IN HOME LIKE HOME PLATE ATE MODUS OPERANDI Terry Lee Hawkins Jr.— - THREE ELEVEN PISCES- OP IN OPERATIONS AND HOPKINS - ( OPP OR OSS - NO HOP OR POP - NOT SPOT STOP POST POTS - TOPS ?)—TERRY LEE HAWKINS - HOPKINS - AND JAPANESE HOKINSU -ME SIR NAMED A CHILD - DATE 10/29/30/2019 T=20=2 E=5 R=18=9 R=18=9 Y=25=7 NOT G OR P—T=20=2 E=5 R=18=9 R=18=9 Y=25=7 NOT G OR P—LI LEE LEI OR RHEE - NAME LEE AMEN OR AMAN ? - THEY DIDNT GET IT PHONETIC LETTER WARTERKEY SIX ( ROMAN 9)PASCALBLAZE3@GMAIL.COMTWITTER TJ - TERRY JUNIOR BIRTHDAY MARCH 11 USS OR USA ?CORRECT SELECTION THE GOD DELUSION - CHAPTER 7 - 3 MORE—XERXES ( SEX=GENDER ) XIEXIE ( I AND E VOWELS LETTER 9 & 5)OOP = 16= 7 OO7 / 2600 OR 1600 - 0016 (ACTIVE) JANIST OR JANISM ?Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins is feeling professional with Philosopher Professor Doctor Dai Gensuier Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins Jr. · ALL PRO RAVENDOVE Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins was RavenDove - yin yin / yang RavenDove - yin yin / yang - COLD NUMB AND (LOVIEY DOVIEY) CALCULATED SPELL IT D or L Dove or Love maybe L or D Lover or Dover pythagorean numerology ABC123 Kauffman-Hawkins-Hawk or Hopk -H__kins aw or op and Hopkins signed Booper or just Boop not Book BUT LOKI OR BOOPER SAN with Blaze Pascal. with Terry Lee Hawkins ( male ) Peros Dragonus Kami Aisuru ikigami shinigami HAWKINS HOKINSU/HOKINZU — feeling professional with Terry Lee Hawkins Jr.Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins JR ( male ) Peros Dragonus Kami Aisuru ikigami shinigamI TER OR TERRY / - HAWKINS - LETTERS IN SPELLING DAI GENSUI TSU TERI MADOSIER -DAI GENSUMMASIER RANK NATO 50 STARS -DAI-GENSUIER Professor Doctor Dai Gensuier Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins Jr. - Signed Boop not BookRank‎: ‎TEN ( CODELOVE-AI)-star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-16 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-15 Next lower rank‎: GENSUIER GENSUIER - AMONG R&R AND SECURITY DETAIL Rank‎: ‎NINE ( CODELOVE-AI)-star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-15 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-14 Next lower rank‎: DAI GENSUIA DAI GENSUIA Rank‎: ‎Eight -star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-14 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-13 Next lower rank‎: GENSUIA GENSUIA Rank‎: ‎Seven -star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-13 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-12 Next lower rank‎: ‎ DAI GENSUi DAI GENSUI Rank‎: ‎SIX -star Non-NATO rank‎: ‎O-12 NATO rank‎: ‎OF-11 Next lower rank‎: ‎Gensui Terry Lee Hawkins Jr.— - THREE ELEVEN PISCES- OP IN OPERATIONS AND HOPKINS - ( OPP OR OSS - NO HOP OR POP - NOT SPOT STOP POST POTS - TOPS ?)—TERRY LEE HAWKINS - HOPKINS - AND JAPANESE HOKINSU -ME SIR NAMED A CHILD - DATE 10/29/30/2019 T=20=2 E=5 R=18=9 R=18=9 Y=25=7 NOT G OR P—T=20=2 E=5 R=18=9 R=18=9 Y=25=7 NOT G OR P—LI LEE LEI OR RHEE - NAME LEE AMEN OR AMAN ? - THEY DIDNT GET IT PHONETIC LETTER WARTERKEY SIX ( ROMAN 9)PASCALBLAZE3@GMAIL.COMTWITTER TJ - TERRY JUNIOR BIRTHDAY MARCH 11 USS OR USA ?CORRECT SELECTION THE GOD DELUSION - CHAPTER 7 - 3 MORE—XERXES ( SEX=GENDER ) XIEXIE ( I AND E VOWELS LETTER 9 & 5)OOP = 16= 7 OO7 / 2600 OR 1600 - 0016 (ACTIVE) JANIST OR JANISM ?Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins is feeling professional with professor Doctor Dai Gensuier Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins Jr. · ALL PRO RAVENDOVE Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins was RavenDove - yin yin / yang RavenDove - yin yin / yang - COLD NUMB AND (LOVIEY DOVIEY) CALCULATED SPELL IT D or L Dove or Love maybe L or D Lover or Dover pythagorean numerology ABC123 Kauffman-Hawkins-Hawk or Hopk -H__kins aw or op and Hopkins signed Booper or just Boop not Book BUT LOKI OR BOOPER SAN with Blaze Pascal. with Terry Lee Hawkins ( male ) Peros Dragonus Kami Aisuru ikigami shinigami HAWKINS HOKINSU/HOKINZU — feeling professional with Terry Lee Hawkins Jr.Terry Lee Kauffman Hawkins Terry Lee Hawkins JR ( male ) Peros Dragonus Kami Loki Aisuru Ikigami ShinigamI GOD NAME LOKI PROFESSIONAL HAWKINS ( KAUFFMAN) TERRY L(via teremiah8403)Source:teremiah8403

blaze8403APRIL BEGIN WITH (via blaze8403)

Source:

blaze8403

[chaosnewsinc]

AG Spoilers Cover Your Eyes

No one who saw the leaked episode:

Me: Doesn't anyone want to discuss how Mad Sweeney is technically older than Odin? Technically older than queen love (Bilquis) who had no issues pointing out how much older she is than Odin? Perhaps it's just because he forgot huh? Can you be so old you forget how old you are? Does anyone here know anything about Newgrange?

c. 3200 BC: Sumerian cuneiform writing system[1] and The Egyptian hieroglyphs.

[bautyofworld]

Giza pyramid complex, Giza, Egypt: The Giza pyramid complex in Egypt is home to the Great Pyramid, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure, along with their associated pyramid complexes and the Great Sphinx. All were built during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom of ancient Egypt, between c. 2600 – c. 2500 BC. Wikipedia

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[asteriaeos]

Bronze Age and Early Iron Age

c. 3200 BC: Sumerian cuneiform writing system.

3200 BC: Newgrange built in Ireland.

3200 BC: Cycladic civilization in Greece

3200 BC: Norte Chico civilization begins in Peru

3200 BC: Rise of Proto-Elamite Civilization in Iran

3100 BC: Skara Brae in Scotland

3100 BC: First dynasty of Egypt

c. 3000 BC: Egyptian calendar

c. 3000 BC: Stonehenge construction begins. In its first version, it consisted of a circular ditch and bank, with 56 wooden posts.

c. 3000 BC: Cucuteni-Trypillian culture in Romania and the Ukraine

3000 BC: Jiroft civilization begins in Iran

3000 BC: First known use of papyrus by Egyptians

2800 BC: Kot Diji phase of the Indus Valley Civilization begins

2800 BC: Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors period in China

2700 BC: Minoan Civilization ancient palace city Knossos reach 80,000 inhabitants

2700 BC: Rise of Elam in Iran

2700 BC: The Old Kingdom begins in Egypt

2600 BC: Oldest known surviving literature: Sumerian texts from Abu Salabikh, including the Instructions of Shuruppak and the Kesh temple hymn.

2600 BC: Mature Harappan phase of the Indus Valley civilization (in present-day Pakistan and India) begins

2600 BC: Emergence of Maya culture in the Yucatán Peninsula

2560 BC: King Khufu completes the Great Pyramid of Giza.

2500 BC: The mammoth goes extinct.

2334 or 2270 BC: Akkadian Empire is founded, dating depends upon whether the Middle chronology or the Short chronology is used.

2200-2100 BC: 4.2 kiloyear event: a severe aridification phase, likely connected to a Bond event, which was registered throughout most North Africa, Middle East and continental North America. Related droughts very likely caused the collapse of the Old Kingdom in Egypt and of the Akkadian Empire in Mesopotamia.

2200 BC: completion of Stonehenge.

2070 BC: Yu the Great established the Xia Dynasty in China

2000 BC: Believed birth year of Abraham in Ur of the Chaldeans, Mesopotamia, who is the father of Abrahamic Religions which as of the 21st Century AD are adhered to by more than 50% of humanity; Domestication of the horse

1800 BC: alphabetic writing emerges

1700 BC: Indus Valley Civilization comes to an end but is continued by the Cemetery H culture; The beginning of Poverty Point Civilization in North America

1600 BC: Minoan civilization on Crete is destroyed by the Minoan eruption of Santorini island.

1600 BC: Mycenaean Greece

1600 BC: The beginning of Shang Dynasty in China, evidence of a fully developed Chinese writing system

1600 BC: Beginning of Hittite dominance of the Eastern Mediterranean region

1500 BC: Composition of the Rigveda is completed

1400-400 BC: Olmec civilization flourishes in Pre-Columbian Mexico, during Mesoamerica's Formative period

1496 BC: Traditional date for giving of the Ten Commandments to Moses at Mount Sinai ushering in monotheistic religion

1200 BC: The Hallstatt culture

1200-1150 BC: Bronze Age collapse in Southwestern Asia and in the Eastern Mediterranean region. This period is also the setting of the Iliad and the Odyssey epic poems (which were composed about four centuries later).

c. 1180 BC: Disintegration of Hittite Empire

1100 BC: Use of Iron spreads.

1046 BC: The Zhou force (led by King Wu of Zhou) overthrow the last king of Shang Dynasty; Zhou Dynasty established in China

1020 to 930 BC: The beginning of the Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy) occurred sometime between these dates

890 BC: Approximate date for the composition of the Iliad and the Odyssey

800 BC: Rise of Greek city-states

[autodidact-adventures]

Music History (Part 3): Sumer (III)

Timeline Reference:

5000-4100 BC - Ubaid Period

4100-2900 BC - Uruk Period

2900-2334 BC - Early Dynastic Period

Early Dynastic I (begins 2900)

Early Dynastic II (begins 2750–2700)

Early Dynastic IIIa (begins 2600)

Early Dynastic IIIb (begins 2500–2450)

2334-2218 BC - Akkadian Empire rules Sumer.

2218-2047 BC - Gutian Period.

2047-1750 BC - Ur III Period (Sumerian Renaissance)

1750 BC - Elamite invasion.  End of Sumerian civilization.

In 2334 BC, the Akkadians conquered Sumer, joining all the city-states into a single unified state, under one king.  However, the Sumerians did not lose their culture, as the occupying Akkadians adopted it themselves.

Then in 2218 BC, the Gutians (barbarians from the mountains) conquered Sumer and ruled it.  During this time, the city of Girsu (Telloh) had many artistic achievements.  The greatest of all was the rebuilding of Enninu, the temple of Ningirsu.  The king ordered the temple musicians to practise hard, and “fill the forecourt of Eninnu with joy”.  He specifically refers to pipe-playing.

The “stele of music” depicts the foundation rites, which were performed to the sound of a lyre.  The lyre here is very large, with the crossbar reaching nearly to the player’s head.  And instead of just a bull’s head, the model of a whole bull is on the end of the soundbox.

Music for the foundation ceremony also included chanting and/or singing.

Stele of music (c. 1200 BC).

Texts from this time also mention a bull’s-horn trumpet.  Steles from Lagash and Ur show huge frame-drums, as high as a man’s shoulder.

Sumer regained independence in the Third Dynasty of Ur, but this was overthrown by Elamites and Amorites, ending the Sumerian civilization.

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Rise of the Chinese civilization along the banks of Hawang 40 took place in A. 2500 - 2000 BC B. 2700 - 2600 BC C. 2205 - 1122 BC D. 2000 - 1200 BC Answer: Option C

[autodidact-adventures]

Music History (Part 2): Sumer (II)

Timeline Reference:

5000-4100 BC - Ubaid Period

4100-2900 BC - Uruk Period

2900-2334 BC - Early Dynastic Period

Early Dynastic I (begins 2900)

Early Dynastic II (begins 2750–2700)

Early Dynastic IIIa (begins 2600)

Early Dynastic IIIb (begins 2500–2450)

2334-2218 BC - Akkadian Empire rules Sumer.

2218-2047 BC - Gutian Period.

2047-1750 BC - Ur III Period (Sumerian Renaissance)

1750 BC - Elamite invasion.  End of Sumerian civilization.

Sumerian Percussion

There were a few types of simple percussion used.  They included clappers, sistrums, and various types of drums.

Pairs of copper clappers have been found, at Kish and Ur.  They are also depicted on seals.  The clappers below are large and boomerang-shaped.

Scene from a gold cylinder seal, found in the Ur cemetery.  Two figures are playing the clappers (and the left-hand musician is playing a lyre).

Another percussion instrument was the sistrum - a frame with sideways rods attached to it; the rods would rattle when shaken.  Below is an example (not from Sumer):

The Golden Lyre’s inlay panel shows a fox playing a sistrum, at the base of the lyre. 

Golden Lyre soundbox inlay. 

He is also beating some kind of frame-drum or tambourine, in his lap.  The most common Sumerian word for “drum” was balag, from the verb bal- (”to beat”). 

Sumerian Wind & Brass Instruments

There is far less known about wind and brass instruments.

The earliest reed-pipes were found at Ur, from Early Dynastic III.   They were held at an angle to each other and played at the same time, one hand for each.  They are made from silver.

One pipe has four tone-holes; the other only one.

The Silver Pipes of Ur (c.2500 BC), and a reproduction being played.

The Bismaya vase shows what could be a long wind/brass instrument, played by the right-hand man (if so, his head is very much out of alignment with his body).

Bismaya vase (c.2650 BC). 

There are a few other possible representations of wind instruments, but it is uncertain whether they are or not. 

Sumerian Musicians

Musicians served in the temples, and music was closely associated with religion.  They were divided into two groups: gala and nar (it is uncertain what the difference was), and each group was divided into three grades.

Much survives of Sumerian songs & psalms.  The songs were simple at first, but later on became more complex.  Instruments accompanied the singing.  Both antiphonal (chanted by two groups alternately) and responsorial (call-and-response) paired verses were chanted (like the Hebrew psalms, further on).

Music wasn’t just for religion.  From 2000 BC onwards, some musicians served as royal servants.  Music was also played at military triumphs, feasts, burials, and other rites.

[autodidact-adventures]

Music History (Part 1): Sumer (I)

The Fertile Crescent - the Cradle of Civilization - was a crescent-shaped region in what is today the Middle East (mostly Iraq).   In comparison to the arid, dry land around it, the Fertile Crescent’s soil was moist and fertile, thus laying the foundations for the first civilizations to develop.

The Fertile Crescent, with the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers marked.

The most important area within the Fertile Crescent was Mesopotamia, home to the world’s first empires.  The Tigris & Euphrates Rivers formed its boundaries (as seen above).

The first civilization was Sumer, in southern Mesopotamia.  Its name is in the Akkadian language, and means “land of the civilized kings”.

Timeline Reference:

5000-4100 BC - Ubaid Period

4100-2900 BC - Uruk Period

2900-2334 BC - Early Dynastic Period

Early Dynastic I (begins 2900)

Early Dynastic II (begins 2750–2700)

Early Dynastic IIIa (begins 2600)

Early Dynastic IIIb (begins 2500–2450)

2334-2218 BC - Akkadian Empire rules Sumer.

2218-2047 BC - Gutian Period.

2047-1750 BC - Ur III Period (Sumerian Renaissance)

1750 BC - Elamite invasion.  End of Sumerian civilization.

Sumerian Harps

The oldest representations of Sumerian instruments are from writing-tablets around 3000 BC (Uruk Period).  Three-stringed harps, with a slightly thicker lower end (probably indicating a soundboard) are depicted.

Tablet excavated from Khafadje (c. 3000 BC), showing such a harp on the bottom left.

Identical harps are shown on seals of Early Dynastic I.

Later, the harp became more complex.  Early Dynastic III depictions show arched, bow-shaped harps, with 6-7 strings.  They were held against the left side of the body, and played with the right hand.

Vase from the city of Bismaya (c. 2650), showing two men playing harps horizontally.  The strings dangle past the neck, perhaps ornamentally or stylistically? 

(Hand-drawn copy of the two men - easier to see.) 

The oldest harp in existence is the Royal Harp.  It was found in the Royal Cemetery.  Its neck is straight, turning the arched bow-shape into a right angle.  It has 13 strings.

Royal Harp reconstruction (c. 2500 BC - Early Dynastic III).  Ur, Sumer.

Sumerian Lyres

The Sumerians played lyres from at least Early Dynastic II.  The soundbox was shaped like a bull, whose legs provided a stand for the instrument.

The Standard of Ur (c. 2600 BC), originally a wooden box with mosaics depicting war and peace.  This is from the Peace panel.  A strap holds the lyre to the player’s shoulder.

Queen Puabi’s harp was excavated along with three lyres - these four are the oldest string instruments in existence.  They are the Golden Lyre, Great Lyre, and Silver Lyre.

A replica of the Golden Lyre (Early Dynastic III).

The inlay panel of the Golden Lyre (below the bull’s head) shows an ass playing a similar lyre, which is being held by a bear.

Golden Lyre soundbox inlay.

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