#bicolano

[byelsbabbles]

nakasabot, pero dae makataram (22 nov 2024)

sharing this essay that i wrote for my philippine literature final where we had to creatively write + make a zine :>> she's a little heavy handed on the metaphors, but i'm still proud of her nonetheless !! i've always wanted to explore my thoughts and experiences in regards to my relationship with my regional language (bikol), so i'm really thankful that this class gave me a chance to finally bring that into fruition<33 also also this was very loosely inspired by "The Haunted" by Grace Talusan as this assignment required me to use one of the works that we discussed in class. consider giving that a read as well, especially if you'd like a bit more context for the conclusion of my essay, where i explicitly reference it :>>

[pinoymyx]

Padaba Ta Ka - DWTA (2023)

[markkifrost]

ANG NAIS KONG PAG-IBIG

isang pag-ibig na malinaw na kahit nakapikit ay nakikita ng mga mata isang pag-ibig na tahimik na ang tanging sigawan na madirinig ay mga pusong nananabik sa bawat isa isang pag-ibig na marahan ngunit mabilis na nakakaintindi at umuunawa at isang pag-ibig na mapayapa na walang ibang pipiliin kundi ang magkaisa

ang nais kong pag-ibig ay ang pag-ibig na nais ay ako lamang pag-ibig na di magbibigay tulay sa mga salitang patawad at paalam pag-ibig na walang katulad pagka't kami lang ang tunay na makakaalam isang pag-ibig na wagas, magaan sa isip at pakiramdam

[mzqt]

the best way for me to get in tune of my own native language is to just start translating a bunch of random text from my interests be it games, song lyrics, books, etc... something so liberating just piecing together words and coming up with ways on how to say certain phrases in another language

[skibidoodledooo]

Haliya goddess of the moon and moonlight. Archenemy of the Bacunawa, and defender of Bulan the god of the pale moon.

she is the embodiment of the Halya ritual and the goddess of moonlight againts bakunawa. Many stories say she wears a golden mask to hide her beauty

[roomba-mangga]

note to self learn and use common phrases in 6 languages. start small muna

greetings: 4/6 (tagalog, bisaya, chinese, thai)

thanks: 5/6 (tagalog, bisaya, chinese, thai, dhivehi)

[aeshnalacrymosa]

Well, this was fun to fill out.

I have only been to Bicol for two quick visits in my life. So I don't think I can say where the really good hole-in-the-wall places are. For a good Bicolano food that's closer to home, I recommend Top Meal, a restaurant in Makati City. The owner also created the Tang Mado hot sauce. With several branches in Bicol and Metro Manila, 1st Colonial Grill offers Bicol's best dishes, including their famous sili ice cream! 🌶🌶🌶

Seeing people post their maps lets me know who to ask for tips. If you’ve been to Batanes, Bicol, and Bukidnon, let me know where to eat :)

https://my-philippines-travel-level.com/map

[fantasymythologypics]

Gugurang, the supreme deity in Bikolano mythology

[wherenightmaresroost]

My ancestors watching me cook, as if I'm a kid making mud potions:

[ariaofsorrows]

guys i put a little curse inside of soma’s amulet

[it says ‘putang ina mo’]

[carrotblr]

sarap ng adobo sa gata im a changed woman

[brainrotcharacters]

We are gathered here today to discuss, in the most neurotypical ways imaginable,

🔥 Black-Filipino Damien 🔥

Black creators in the fandom are encouraged to pitch in. pls. I'm so excited

look if s2 Ekko and s2 Mel Medarda are any indication, it's this: any black characters written with love will be hot

Black Filipino Damien who associates his fires with both of his heritages. He uses orange and gold flames for the first time in the neighborhood and the younger kids think he's making his own jewelry. He uses silver and blue flames trying to compare it to the seaside Philippine sky.

Black Filipino Damien who goes to pride parades and defaults as one of the bodyguards (Hux, by association, follows)

Black Filipino Damien who learned braids from both heritages I'm so jealous actually /lh

Black Filipino Damien who learned accents, dialects, dishes of Ilocano, Cebuano, Bisaya, Bulaceño, Bicolano, etc. and it slips out when he stops masking among the D.A.M.N. crew.

Black Filipino Damien who has easy access to generational trauma and generational anger

Black Filipino Damien who knows arnis and balisong and often applies the principles to his powers. Inversion, anyone?

Black Filipino Damien who points with his lips so Huxley kisses him in passing and Damien laughs "Para kang tanga sabi ko ayun"

Black Filipino Damien who picks things up with his bare feet

Black Filipino Damien rnb king 👑 the first time Huxley heard him humming he had gay panic reminiscent of their early relationship it was cute

Black Filipino Damien whose accent slips and Huxley prays he never misses any of those moments

Black Filipino Damien with excellent slipper aim 🥿 basketball stuck at the edge of the hoop? Give him a second. Gavin being a menace and running away? His slippers spark when he throws them. Cuteness aggression because of Huxley fifteen feet away? BANG! fuckin sniper

TBA when I think of more

[markkifrost]

MAHIRAP MAGMAHAL NG DALAWA

ang pag-ibig daw ay para lamang sa dalawang taong nagmamahalan pero papaano kung ang puso ay nahumaling sa ibang tahanan aling pag-ibig ang totoo, aling pag-ibig ang dapat piliin pagsabayin nga ba ang tamang sagot kung ito ang sinisigaw ng damdamin

kailan nga ba mali ang magmahal, hanggang saan lang ba ang nararapat may mga alituntunin bang dapat sundin, mga katwirang dapat ilapat hindi daw napapagod ang pagmamahal, kaya kung mapagod ma'y kasinungalingan ikaw ba naman ang magmahal ng dalawa, paniguradong pagtigil ay di maiiwasan

sa bawat palitan ng hininga ay may kakaibang kabang nadarama mahihigpit na yakap sa mga gabing ayaw lamang na mag-isa mga nakaw na sandaling magkahawak ang mga kamay buong maghapong magkadantay habang sa kinabukasan ay nag-aantay

ngunit hindi naman talaga natin maiwawaksi ang magmahal ng higit sa isa pagkat ang pagmamahal ay hindi lamang para sa ating sinisinta ito'y nagsisimula sa ating sarili bago paman tuluyang umabot sa iba ngayon mo sabihing isang malaking pagkakamali ang umibig ng dalawa

[archamagicalia]

So, I did a thing; basically, I took most of the Rangers who were played by Filipino actors ( and extra Rangers who weren't played by Filipino actors but I also wanted to include ) and basically designated which ethnolinguistic backgrounds and provinces would they be from if they were Filipino in canon ( and if they were born there or not ). Seven of the Rangers in this edit were played by actors of Filipino descent [ Alyssa, Madison, Rose, Theo, Emma, Brody, and Ollie ( the actors of Emma, Brody, and Ollie are mixed-race ) ]; the ethnicities I gave them are not based off the ethnolinguistic backgrounds of the actors' families, for I did not want to pry on their backgrounds because that's private information, so these are my own ideas. Two of them aren't played by Filipino actors, however, their characters are siblings of the characters who were played by Filipino actors [ Vida and Aiden/Levi ]. As for Kendall? Honestly, that's just pure projection; Kendall isn't played by a Filipino actress but I wanted to make Kendall be from the same ethnolinguistic backgrounds as I am because..... look, she's my favorite— I'm legitimately her IRL— and I have the power to, okay?!

List of my headcanoned ethnolinguistic backgrounds + provinces under the cut if you need them. Again, these are not canon and are just the result of projections.

Filipino-Headcanoned!Rangers and their Ethnolinguistic Origins

Alyssa Enrile - Bicolano ; Family came from Tabaco City, Albay Madison and Vida Rocca - Partially Cagayano ; Family came from Tuguegarao City, Cagayan Province Rose Ortiz - Bisaya [ Samareño/Waray ] ; Born in the Municipality of Lapinig, Boundary of Northern and Eastern Samar Theodore Martin - Bisaya [ Cebuano ] ; Born in Cebu City, Cebu Emma Goodall - Partially Tagalog ; Family came from Batangas City, Batangas Kendall Morgan - Partially Bisaya [ Boholano ] and Mindanawon [ Zamboangueño + Kalagan ] ; Family came from Malaybalay City, Bukidnon Brody and Aiden Romero - Partially Mindanawon [ Zamboangueño + Kalagan ]; Family came from Zamboanga City, Zamboanga Peninsula Ollie Akana - Partially Bisaya [ Boholano ] ; Family came from the Municipality of Calape, Bohol

[upismediacenter]

FEATURE: Alamat, Handa ‘Rap!: Kulturang Pilipino sa mga Kanta ng ALAMAT

Simula 2019 hanggang sa kasalukuyan, nagsimulang sumikat ang isa sa mga genre ng Original Pilipino Music (OPM): ang P-pop o Philippine Pop. Sa pagsikat ng “Kings of P-pop” na SB19 na kumanta ng “Go Up”, at “Nation’s Girl Group” na BINI na nagpa-trending ng “Pantropiko”, nagkaroon ng pagkakataon upang makilala at masiyasat ang mga Pilipino ng iba’t iba pang natatanging grupo sa ilalim ng P-pop.

Kilalanin natin ang ALAMAT, isang boy group na kilala sa kanilang konsepto na paggamit ng mga elemento ng kulturang Pilipino! At dahil sa kanilang pagtataguyod nito, sila’y naging nominado bilang “Favorite P-pop Group” noong 2021 sa RAWR Awards at nanalo ng “PPOP Boy Group of the Year” noong 2023 sa PPOP Awards. Mula sa mga mensahe ng kanilang mga kanta o sa paraan ng pagkukuwento sa kanilang mga music videos, ang ALAMAT ay laging HANDAng humaRAP!

Ang ALAMAT ay binubuo ng anim na miyembro na sina Taneo (Ilocano), Mo (Filipino-American), Tomás (Bicolano), R-Ji (Waray-Waray), Alas (Bisaya), at Jao (Kapampangan).

ALAMAT [@alamat_official]. (2024, September 19). “Raragasa na sa Naga 🤎Outfit check ✅”. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/DAGNiO8zLB1/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link

Sila’y nag-debut noong Pebrero 14, 2021 sa ilalim ng Viva Artists Agency kasama ang kanilang pinakaunang kanta na “kbye”. Isang katangian na nagpapaiba sa ALAMAT mula sa ibang grupo ay gumagamit sila ng Bikolano, Cebuano, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Hiligaynon, at Waray-Waray upang itampok ang ilan sa iba’t ibang wikang ginagamit sa bansa. Sa ganitong paraan, tumutulong ito sa pagtawid ng kultura ng mga lokal na pangkat sa Pilipinas. Kasabay nito, sila’y pumupukaw ng interes sa mga tagapakinig ukol sa mga iba’t ibang wika. 

Narito ang mga inirerekomenda kong kanta nila na nagpapakita ng kanilang pagmamahal sa kulturang Pilipino sa iba’t ibang paraan—mula sa paggamit at pagsuot ng mga tradisyunal na kasuotan hanggang sa kahulugan ng mga liriko ng kanilang mga kanta, lahat ng iyan ay makikita sa listahang ito:

“Maharani” - Lakambini, ako na lang ang ‘yong Lakan

Magsisimula tayo sa kanilang pinakasikat na kanta na ang pamagat ay nangangahulugang “dakilang reyna”! Kasama sa music video si Jhoanna ng BINI, makikita natin silang sumasayaw ng Singkil, isang sayaw na umuugat sa tradisyon ng mga Maranao noong sinaunang panahon at may impluwensya ng mga tradisyong Islam. Ito’y ginagamitan ng mga malaking poste ng kawayan na sumusunod sa kumpas ng kanta. Sinusundan nila ang bahagi ng isang epikong Maranao, kung saan gumanap si Jhoanna bilang Prinsesa Gandingan at ang miyembro na si Taneo bilang Prinsipe Bantugan. 

ALAMAT. (2023, January 31). ALAMAT - 'Maharani' (Short Film M/V) [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/vyBd63ojxMU?si=vF5z3nRn1y8Y91cx 

ALAMAT - 'Maharani' (Short Film M/V)

“Dayang” - Kalasahan ta kaw at pipiliin ka sa bawat araw, tangi kong dayang

Ito ang sequel ng Maharani na nangangahulugang “prinsesa” sa wikang Tausug, isang grupo ng mga Pilipinong Muslim na naninirahan sa Sulu. Sa wika ng Tausug, ang lyrics na “Kalasahan ta kaw” ay nangangahulugang “mahal kita”! Bukod sa wika, ang kanilang choreography ay kumuha ng inspirasyon sa mga sayaw at martial arts mula sa Southern Philippines tulad ng Pangasik, ang panlalaking bersyon ng Pangalay na nagpapakita ng martial movements. Ang Pangalay ay pinaniniwalaang nagmula sa pre-Islamic at Buddhist na konsepto ng mga anghel at ito’y sinasayaw sa mga kasalan at kapistahan (Camus, 2023). Ang iba pang mga sayaw na kanilang pinagkunan ng inspirasyon dito ay ang Kuntaw, isang sinaunang uri ng martial arts na ginagamit ng mga Pilipinong Muslim sa panahon ng mga Espanyol bilang proteksyon (robin-ho, 2018). Ang Silat na isang uri rin ng martial arts na inaaral sa Mindanao (PHILSILAT, n.d.), at ang Tariray, isang uri ng sayaw na nagmula sa Sitangkai, Tawi-Tawi Province sa Timog na bahagi ng Pilipinas kung saan sila ay gumagamit ng kawayan o shell clappers na tinatawag na bola’-bola’ habang ginagalaw ang mga balikat at paa upang magpahayag ng mga emosyon sa sayaw (Santamaria, 2017).   

ALAMAT. (2024, March 26). ALAMAT - 'Dayang’ (Official M/V) [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/WawK3ooD2j8?si=6bOXmSZtOkqJrw6l

ALAMAT HANDA 'RAP: [VLOG] 'Dayang' Dance Documentation

ALAMAT - 'Dayang' (Official M/V)

“Day and Night” - I think about you, adlaw ug gabii, adlaw ug gabii

Ito ang pinakauna kong napakinggan at paborito kong kanta mula sa kanila dahil sa mahusay na paghalo ng tradisyunal at modernong instrumental music sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng kudyapi, angklung, at bamblong! Laganap ang paggamit nila ng mga pahayag na Cebuano tulad ng “gimingaw kaayo ko nimo” na nangangahulugang “I miss you” at “naghunahuna ko nimo” na ibig sabihin ay “iniisip kita.” Bukod dito, kumuha ng inspirasyon ang kanilang music video sa mitolohiya ng mga Bikolano, ang Magindara o “aswang ng dagat” na gumagamit ng kanilang nakakahalina na boses upang mang-akit ng mga mangingisda na kanilang kinakain at minsan, para sila’y iligtas kapag nalulunod (Gaverza, 2016). 

ALAMAT. (2023, June 14). ALAMAT - 'Day And Night' (Official M/V) [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/lgrsWlCu4CA?si=fmLxxaFqbwywSoR2

Dagdag dito, sila’y makikitang nagsusuot ng mga kasuotan at kagamitang katutubo na nagmula sa Bicol.

ALAMAT. (2023, June 14). ALAMAT - 'Day And Night' (Official M/V) [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/lgrsWlCu4CA?si=fmLxxaFqbwywSoR2

ALAMAT - 'Day And Night' (Official M/V)

“Kasmala” - Kasmala, talagang kakaiba

Ang pamagat na Kasmala ay pagbabaliktad ng salitang malakas. Ang kanilang music video ay nakasentro sa mga nangyari sa 1904 St. Louis World Fair kung saan itinanghal ang mga Pilipino, lalo na ang mga Igorot, bilang mga hayop sa isang zoo sapagkat sila ang tinaguriang “most uncivilized tribe in the Philippines” dahil sa kanilang kakaibang kulay ng balat, katangian ng mukha, at paraan ng pamumuhay. Ipinapahiwatig ng Kasmala ang lakas ng mga Pilipino upang tumindig sa ganoong kahihiyan at sabihing tayo’y higit pa sa kung ano ang pananaw ng mga dayuhan. 

ALAMAT. (2021, July 15). ALAMAT - 'kasmala' (Official M/V) [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/_5Y_mTfBh3o?si=_KfVQI3qhLncrJHL

ALAMAT - 'kasmala' (Official M/V)

“Aswang” - Pag-ibig ko sa'yo'y kailanman 'di guguho kahit pa maging kang aswang

Tulad ng Day and Night, ang kanta na Aswang ay nagmula sa pinakasikat na halimaw sa alamat ng Pilipinas. 

ALAMAT. (2022, October 28). ALAMAT - 'Aswang' (Official M/V) [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/oRfaArQHVXQ?si=5uR3x-r7Hhuao462

Ayon sa mga alamat, ang aswang ay isang halimaw na ang itsura ay ang karaniwang babae sa araw ngunit pagsapit ng gabi, ito’y naglilipat ng anyo. Maging ito ay aso, ibon, o baboy, mayroon itong natatanging katangian at ito ay ang kanilang mahahabang dila at paglakad nang nakabaliktad ang kanilang mga paa (Geller, 2016). Kahit na maging kang aswang, mamahalin ka pa rin ng ALAMAT!

ALAMAT. (2022, October 28). ALAMAT - 'Aswang' (Official M/V) [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/oRfaArQHVXQ?si=5uR3x-r7Hhuao462

ALAMAT - 'Aswang' (Official M/V)

Ang patuloy na pagpapakita ng ALAMAT ng ating mayamang kultura sa pamamagitan ng paghalo ng tradisyunal at modernong elemento sa kanilang mga kanta na may himig ng pag-ibig ay makakatulong sa pagpukaw ng atensyon ng mga estudyanteng interesado sa ating kultura at nais na yakapin ito. Mula sa paggamit ng iba’t ibang wikang Filipino, pagpapakita ng tradisyunal na sayaw at kasuotan sa kanilang mga music videos, hanggang sa kanilang kabigha-bighani na mga boses, ang ALAMAT ay isang grupo na nagpapakita ng lubos na pagmamahal sa ating kultura. 

“Isapuso, isapuso ang pagka-mandirigma!”

//ni Mayden Bartolabac

Mga Sanggunian:

Batislaong, A. (2023, June 20). Jane De Leon And Other Pinoy Culture References in ALAMAT’s Day and Night’ Music Video. NYLON Manila. https://nylonmanila.com/pop-culture/pinoy-culture-references-alamat-day-and-night-music-video/

Bautista, R. (2021, July 16). ALAMAT Takes On Colonialism And Anti-Asian Hate in Their Latest Comeback Kasmala. NYLON Manila. https://nylonmanila.com/pop-culture/alamat-asian-hate-colonialism-latest-comeback-kasmala/

Camus, M. (2023, September 21). Pangalay Traditional Dance. Sinaunang Panahon. https://sinaunangpanahon.com/pangalay-traditional-dance/

Csu East Bay. (n.d.). Tausug. https://www.csueastbay.edu/museum/virtual-museum/the-philippines/peoples/tausug.html#:~:text=The%20name%20%22Tausug%22%20supposedly%20means,as%20well%20as%20the%20Philippines.

Cruz, H. J. (2024, September 1). Get to know Filipino pride boy group, ALAMAT. GMA network. https://www.gmanetwork.com/entertainment/celebritylife/news/21391/get-to-know-filipino-pride-boy-group-alamat/photo/291013/alamat

Gaverza, K. (2016, August 28). Magindara, Guardian Sirena or Cannibal of the Sea? The Aswang Project.https://www.aswangproject.com/magindara/

Geller. (2016, October 21). Aswang. Mythology.net. https://mythology.net/monsters/aswang/

Mohan, C. (2020, April 4). The Evolving Southeast Asian Martial Art of Silat. One. https://www.onefc.com/lifestyle/the-evolving-southeast-asian-martial-art-of-silat/

Pineda, A. (n.d.) Singkil: The Enchanting Princess Dance of the Maranao. Pinas Culture. https://pinasculture.com/singkil-the-enchanting-princess-dance-of-the-maranao/

Robin-ho. (2018, July 15). Kuntaw: Ancient Filipino Martial Art. Scorum. https://scorum.com/en-us/martialarts/@robin-ho/kuntaw-ancient-filipino-martial-arts

Santamaria, MCM. (2017, July). Professor Santamaria Discusses Igal Tariray in Traditional Music Conference in Ireland. Asian Center University of the Philippines. https://www.ac.upd.edu.ph/index.php/resources/news-announcements/1014-santamaria-igal-tariray-world-music-conference-limerick

The Asian American Education Project. (n.d.). 1904 World's Fair-Exhibition of the Igorot Filipino People. https://asianamericanedu.org/1904-worlds-fair-exhibition-of-the-igorot-filipino-people.html

[irithnova]

Notes on Anitismo - The Ancient Religion of the Philippines by Isabelo de los Reyes.

Keep in mind - this was written a while back.

Ancient Chronicles written by the Jesuit hispanic Friars state that at the that the first spaniards set foot in the Philippines from the coast of visayas to Manila there was a considerable population of Muslim converts

This was especially true for Mindanao due to conversion by Islamic  teachers from Borneo

De los Reyes argues that because of this, to find native Filipino religion at its purest, we must look to the North

Distinguishing native religion without outside influence such as from Islam, Hinduism, Christianity etc can be tricky

However he argues that the traces of Native Filipino religion can be found in the stories superstitions and advice that belong to various Filipino ethnic groups (Tagalogs, Bicolanos, Zambalenos etc)

From the South of the country in Mindanao to the extreme North like Luzon, De los Reyes argues then native Filipino religion was consistent

This religion was Anitism or the Cult of Anito, meaning souls of the ancestors.

Anitism is not a monolithic religion and hosts a broad pantheon ranging from Gods to animals, nature, elements and space.

The Philippines had its own modern spiritism and De los Reyes argues this may have been the origins of the cults of "Romanist Saints" (Catholic saints) in the Philippines. By this I think he means that Filipino spirituality influenced how Filipinos proceeded with Catholic worship.

The oldest chronicles about the Philippines can be found in various museums and libraries (such as the National Library of Madrid, Covenant of St Augustine in Manila)

We can follow these chronicles, from when the Jesuit Pedro Quirino provided news of religion in the Philippines in 1604, followed by reproductions by others like the Jesuit Colin in 1663 and others such as Fr. Morga, Gonzalez de Mendoza, Aduarte etc.

Fr Morga said that Filipinos practised Anitism in certain regions like Camarines and Cagayan.

Some traditions would say that Manila and its regions were not originally native to the island - they were from Malayan islands and other remote areas.

Before the Spaniards arrived, Islamic teachers from Borneo came to preach and interacted with the locals 

Their teachings and beliefs spread quickly throughout the Philippines 

Fr. Grijalva writes that they (Filipinos) started adopting their traditions and took on their names.

De Los Reyes argues that Spanish conquistadors' arrival/conquest was delayed because Filipinos were already familiar with various religions and beliefs and also because of the hands of Datu Lapu Lapu. What I believe he is arguing is that Datu Lapu Lapu and the previous exposure Filipinos had to different religions at first delayed Spanish influence from spreading so quickly.

Other islanders who weren't under the control of the government in the Philippines has their beliefs influenced by religious preachers who travelled to them from the Straits of Malacca and the Red Sea.

An account, dated April 20th 1572 (preserved in the archives of India) which is from the conquest of Luzon details "In these towns, closest to the sea, they do not eat any pork, which the moors taught them. But if you ask them, they say they do not know Muhammed or his law." This account was reproduced by Wenceslao Retana.

In actuality, very few Filipinos could understand/read the teachings of the Koran despite the Islamic influence.

In Filipino traditions, reverence and worship was given to nature and the elements, and this was usually consistent throughout the islands.

Native Filipino religion beliefs include elements, animals, stars and ancestors.

Filipino religion in Manila and nearby areas was a mixture or Anitism, Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam brought by the Malays of Borneo.

Vocabulary included Sanskrit and Malay terms such as Bathala, meaning Lord.

However these terms are not used in Northern provinces.

De Los Reyes argues that Itnegs and other mountain tribes conserved and maintained the purest form of Filipino religion

In the Ilocos, Cagayan, Isabela and other provinces of Northern Luzon, native Filipino religion was more prevalent 

Hindus and Buddhists converted many in Java and Malaysia.

However Muslim influence became dominant in 1478 - 60 years before the Dutch invasion.

According to Javanese legends, Hindus arrives in Java 78 years before Christ.

The first Malays came from the Minangkabau river region to establish cities in Malacca , Ojohor and Singapore in the 12th century, as per Malacca records.

In the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries, there were various Malaysian emigrations reaching the Philippines 

De Los Reyes argues that Filipinos may have also populated the islands of Malaysia, and emigrations could have originated from strong winds coming down from the North.

The first Spaniards found the son of Lakandula, King of Manila, when they went to Borneo.

The emperor's master of ceremonies from Japan (Mr Fujita) argued that emigration likely came from the north and that Filipinos may have some relations to the Japanese.

According to Geographers and Historians of the Mariana Islands, what De Los Reyes calls the "know it all Spanish" - had no idea about interesting ruins found in Oceania, one of which was a prehistoric statue that was being held in the British museum.

He argues there may be hidden megaliths, artefacts, and remnants of lost civilisation in the Philippines, as seen in various locations such as : Butacan caves, Pangibalon Hill, Madias de Iloilo and Nasso.