#bas saint laurent

[if-you-fan-a-fire]

"Bandit recherché," Le Soleil. October 23, 1942. Page 21. ---- La police de Montréal recherche actuellement Earl Provost alias Hervey Provost, impliqué dans plusieurs vols à main armée dans la Métropole. Provost est âgé de 21 ans, pèse 118 livres, mesure 5 pds et 5 pouces, a les cheveux blonds et les yeux bleus. Les autorités policières soupçonnent que Provost a pu prendre la direction du Lac St-Jean ou du Bas St-Laurent.

[shotsonsight]

Pont suspendu /1

Photo : © Julien Rouvel on • Threads • Instagram • Behance • Dribbble

[bergamotek]

Roches typique dans le bas du fleuve. Veinées mauve. Le Bic. Qc. 29 août 2023.

[leszackardises]

La belle tournée: Les invités du 7 août 2023 (Bas-Saint-Laurent)

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[aisakalegacy]

Printemps 1937, Hylewood, Canada (17/27)

Je fus soudainement distrait par des hurlements de protestation qui provenaient d’en bas, doublés par le grondement de la voie de ma femme. Je haussai le sourcil. Agathon faisait encore des siennes, et j’allais en entendre parler… Je décidai qu’Irène était tout à fait capable de se débrouiller toute seule et que je préférai ne pas me mêler de cela.

Je pris le journal de la veille qui avait été négligemment fourré dans le tiroir de mon bureau le matin suivant et je commençais à le feuilleter distraitement. La fatigue m’empêchait de vraiment retenir quoi que ce soit que je lisais. Jusqu’à ce que je tombe sur ce titre… « On le tient ! Un baron du crime arrêté à Kingston. » L’article décrivait la capture récente d’un trafiquant péruvien installé à Kingston qui échappait de nombreuses années à la justice. « Luis Ortega », c’était son nom, et ça correspondait à la lettre que je venais de décrypter. Pas de doutes, c’était bien lui. 

Un sourire vainqueur gravé sur le visage, mon frère finit par me rejoindre. Je m’empressai de lui révéler tout ce que j’avais découvert. Agathon se souvenait de l’histoire, elle avait fait beaucoup bruit à Kingston. Ortega avait fait ses grandes heures pendant la Prohibition américaine. Il faisait livrer de l’alcool aux Etats-Unis et il ramenait de la cocaïne. Il avait été capturé par les Prohis en 33, et son avocat avait livré une bataille juridique d’ampleur pour qu’il soit relâché, en invoquant l’absence de preuves pour l’incriminer indiscutablement et le fait que le gouvernement américain abusait de son pouvoir en capturant des individus dans les eaux canadiennes - Ortega ayant été arrêté dans la partie canadienne du Saint-Laurent. Les autorités locales avaient même été accusées de laisser les Etats-Unis bafouer la souveraineté canadienne. Il avait finalement été relâché, et avait même obtenu des dommages et intérêts. La GRC avait dû bouillonner… Visiblement, il avait été bien occupé depuis et avait poursuivi ses activités auprès des privilégiés de la province. Agathon fit remarquer avec cynisme qu’il n’aurait pas été étonné de voir que nombre de ses clients fassent partie de la clientèle fortunée installée dans leurs résidences secondaires des Milles Îles… Je ne dis rien. Nous ne la nommions pas, mais à ce moment, lui comme moi pensions à notre sœur.

Avec tout cela, Agathon avait pratiquement tous les éléments pour résoudre ce mystère. Certains nous résistaient cependant : qu’est-ce qui avait tué Lorita ? Comment son meurtrier, ou sa meurtrière, avait-elle fait pour assassiner Lorita et modifier la scène de crime, comme semblait le penser Agathon ? Lorita avait-elle était la fameuse « associée » qui avait parlé à la GRC et causé la chute d’Ortega ? Avait-elle été victime de représailles ? Nous y étions presque. Le soleil commençait se lever, nous étions épuisés, mais tremblants d’excitation.

[Transcription] Lucien LeBris : Il y a autre chose. En t’attendant, j’ai commencé à feuilleter le journal d’hier. Écoute ce que j’ai lu. Lucien LeBris : « On le tient ! Un baron du crime arrêté à Kingston. Ils n’y croyaient plus. Ce matin, après des mois de traque, la Gendarmerie Royale du Canada a enfin mis Luis Ortega derrière les barreaux. » Luis, Agathon ! Comme dans la lettre. Lucien LeBris : « Nos plus fidèles lecteurs se souviendront qu’il avait déjà été arrêté pendant la Prohibition, mais faute de preuves et sous la pression de son avocat, les autorités avaient été contraintes de le relâcher. Cette fois, la justice ne compte pas le laisser filer. Ortega, trafiquant notoire, dirigeait un réseau bien huilé reliant Kingston aux États-Unis. Officiellement simple importateur, cet homme d’affaire péruvien cachait derrière cette façade un empire illicite : alcool, cocaïne, corruption. » Cocaïne !! Lucien LeBris : « Ses hommes livraient la marchandise aux clients fortunés de la province, tandis que les pouvoirs publics fermaient les yeux - ou étaient grassement payés pour le faire. L’étau s’est resserré quand un de ses proches associés a parlé. » Lucien LeBris : « Pris en filature, Ortega a été cueilli à l’aube dans une planque de la rue Ontario. Cette fois, espérons que les preuves tiendront. » Tu crois que Lorita a subi des représailles ? Agathon LeBris : Peut-être. Mais tu oublies un détail… On ne sait toujours pas de quoi Lorita est morte.

[nesiacha]

Execution of 71 revolutionaries during the 11 Thermidor year II

230 years ago on 11 Thermidor 71 revolutionaries were executed:

-Alavoine Joseph , 63 years old.

-Arnaud Bertrand , 55 years old.

-Beaurieux Jean-Jacques 45 years old.

-Bergot Jean-Baptiste , 56 years old,

-Benard or Bernard or Besnard Claude , 28 years old.

-Bernard Jean-Pierre 38 years old"The named Bernard, member of the civil committee of this section and of the General Council of the Commune, appears before the committee and insolently complains that the Muséum section has not complied with the orders of the Commune. All the attendees are indignant at this audacity; and the municipal officer is arrested." (Minutes of the Revolutionary Committee of the section, in Walter, 254)

-Bigaud or Bigaut Claude , , 40 years old . "This section, one of the most agitated, one of the slowest to side with the national representation." (Courtois, in Walter, 277)

-Blin Jacques-Nicolas , 63 years old.

-Boulanger Servais-Baudouin , 38 years old, know as a second-in-command of the Parisian revolutionary army during the second invasion of the revolutionary army in September 1793 . Friend and partisan of Robespierre Hanriot and Le Bas know as honest competent and stayed poor.

-Cazenave Jean 38 years old, born . "The Commune still found some supporters in this section." (Courtois, in Walter, 225)

-Charigny Jean-Baptiste , 55 years old, "Charigny, from the Mont-Blanc section, one of the new members appointed in Prairial by the Committee of Public Safety, had an even better excuse than Vincent: employed at the military transport office, Rue du Faubourg Montmartre, he had returned quietly home after his work, stayed there, and had not set foot at the City Hall. His claim was no more successful than those of Vincent and Bougon." (Sainte-Claire Deville, 330)

-Charlemagne Jean-Philippe-Victor 27 years old "Charlemagne belongs to the personnel of what is conventionally called the Robespierrist Commune; representative of the Brutus section at the General Council, he became its vice-president after the Germinal purge; he will perish on the 10th of Thermidor." (Soboul, 900)

-Chatelain or Chatelin François-Laurent , 43 years "Citizen François-Laurent Chatelain, member of the civil committee of the Lombards section, designated by it to the General Council of the Commune, elected police administrator, artist painter, aged 43, born in Nancy, married, no children, residing in Paris, Rue Quincampoix. The National Convention, considering that Chatelain's property belongs to the Republic, gives him all possible guarantees in execution." (In the National Archives: decision on the nationalization of his property.) "Chatelain, aged 43, member of the civil committee of the Lombards section, chosen by it to the General Council of the Commune, elected police administrator, artist painter, born in Nancy." (In the family file: List of condemned persons of the family: National Archives.)

-Cochois or Cauchois Jean-Baptiste , 54 years old,

"Cochois' efforts with the committees to persuade them to join the Commune had no effect on them and only served to prove his complicity with the conspirators, which led to his death alongside them, struck by the sword of the law." (Courtois, in Walter, 184.)

- Coru Jacques-Pierre 63 years old.

- Cresson Jacques-Louis. Executed on 11 Thermidor.

- Daubancourt René-Toussaint , 43 years old

"Daubancourt, a member of the General Council, wearing the tricolor sash, spoke in favor of the Commune. His arrest was decided, and he was sent to the Committee of General Security. This was approved by the representatives of the people who, shortly after, appeared at the assembly." (Courtois, in Walter, 223.)

- Delacour Pierre-Nicolas , 37 years old, very active during 9 thermidor

"Received a letter from the Commune to immediately call a general assembly. On that day, at eight o’clock in the evening, Lacour, one of our municipal officers, came to invite and urge the committee to establish a regular correspondence, every two hours, with the Commune, which at that moment was expecting Robespierre, St-Just, and Couthon within its ranks." (Excerpt from the records of the deliberations of the Civil Committee of the section, in Walter, 187.)

"At this moment, Lacour, a member of the General Council, entered. His entire demeanor indicated great agitation; he said, 'How can you remain calm while all the committees are going to the Commune, which will soon have Robespierre, St-Just, and Couthon among its members? You should send delegations every two hours to establish correspondence with it;' and then left without waiting for a response." (Account of the events reported to the Civil Committee on the 9th and 10th, presented to citizen Barras, a representative of the people, with the hope it would reach the Committee of Public Safety or the Committee of General Security, in Walter, 188.)

"At around one o’clock, twenty-four deputies appointed by the general assembly to spread out to the forty-seven other sections and convey its wish occupied the committee in dispatching their powers. A committee member declared that at seven o’clock in the evening he saw Lacour enter the Revolutionary Committee; his concerned demeanor aroused his curiosity, so he followed him to ask if there were any news. Lacour replied that there was a lot, but that it couldn’t be shared with everyone. Lacour then told the Committee to remove the outsiders, and our colleague immediately withdrew." (Account of the events reported to the Civil Committee on the 9th and 10th, presented to citizen Barras, with the hope it would reach the Committee of Public Safety or the Committee of General Security, in Walter, 189.)

"A woman spoke about an incident, stating that she had come from the National Convention, where she heard Thuriot place a bounty on Hanriot’s head, saying that anyone who brought Hanriot to the Convention would have well deserved the gratitude of the Fatherland and promised a considerable sum of money to whoever brought his head. She added that it horrified her and made her hair stand on end." (Minutes of the General Assembly of the section during the night of 9th to 10th Thermidor, in Walter, 191.)

-Deltroit Claude-Antoine, 43 years old.

"A man named Deltroit, a municipal officer, arrived and expressed his surprise that the Museum section had neither provided reinforcements nor artillery according to the Commune's requisition. This astonishment was received as it should be by true patriots, and Deltroit was detained." (Minutes of the Revolutionary Committee’s session of the section, in Walter, 253.)

- Deboisseaux Charles-Huant 39 years old

"Among the outlaws, several had managed to flee and avoid immediate arrest. Among them was Coffinhal, who had succeeded in leaving the Hôtel de Ville. [...] He then left with his friend Desboisseaux, a member of the Commune and juror at the Tribunal, who, like him, lived on the Île Saint-Louis (Fraternity section). They had wandered together around Paris throughout the 10th, where their friends were being arrested left and right and Robespierre was being taken to the scaffold. They dined at Boulevard de l’Hôpital, in one of the most remote and deserted corners of Paris at the time; they had supper at rue d’Enfer, at the Écu, in the Observatory section, which alone had openly embraced their party during the previous night. They had continued to roam, unable to find a safe refuge, and dared not present themselves at the barriers. At one o’clock in the morning, the two outlaws had separated; Desboisseaux had returned to the Île Saint-Louis to try to see his wife, where he learned that the Revolutionary Committee had already come to seal his home and had not found his wife. After this day and night of anxious wandering and being hunted, following the exhausting hours of the night of the 9th to the 10th, the unfortunate man stated that he had walked until 6 o’clock in the morning and then entered the house of citizen Martin, a wine merchant, at Quai des Ormes, where he probably hoped to rest. Martin recognized him, called the Revolutionary Committee of the section, and that’s how Desboisseaux, immediately arrested, went to the scaffold in the evening, perhaps having had no more than a minute of rest during sixty hours." (Sainte-Claire Deville, 338-339.)

-Desvieux Marc-Louis 44 years old,

"The [General Assembly of the Contract-Social section] had sent commissioners to the Commune; two of them had taken the oath there. It appeared to be wavering in favor of the rebels." (Courtois, in Walter, 200.)

- Devaux or Desvaux Pierre-François 53 years old,

-Dorigny Louis-François , 36 years old very active during 9 thermidor

"The Popincourt section, being far from the places where the conspirators were stirring and where the national representation was striking the traitors, showed much anxiety and uncertainty in its conduct; it also had members and friends of the Commune within it who deceived it. Dorigny, who paid for his treachery with his life, had singularly influenced it. It had sent commissioners to the Commune, not only to learn about the facts but to participate in its deliberations. […] Among the culprits who were in this section and who contributed to misleading it was Dorigny, whom I have just mentioned. […] The Revolutionary Committee seems, according to documents found at the Commune, to have made the requested oath; but it also seems to have acted according to principles: it arrested Dorigny." (Courtois, in Walter, 266-267.)

"The Popincourt assembly, meeting shortly after nine o’clock, on the initiative of Dorigny, a member of the General Committee, sent twelve commissioners to the Commune 'with the power to deliberate if required,' but also delegated as many to the Convention. On their return around eleven o'clock, the commissioners announced the Commune's rebellion: the assembly immediately aligned itself with the national representation. Dorigny tried around midnight to regain control: the assembly persisted in its decision." (Soboul, 1017-1018.)

- Dumetz Pierre 37 years old.

- Dumontier Denis-Joseph 51 years old or 42 years old

-Eudes Jean-Pierre 31 years old, born in 1763 very active during the night of 9 and 10 thermidor

- Farot or Faro Jean-Léonard 31 years old, was one of the most active during the night of 9 to 10 Thermidor.

- Gamaury or Gamory Martial , 46 years old, born.

- Gibert Jean-Louis , 42 or 43 years old.

-Girardin Jean-Claude , 48 years old

“Girardin stayed at the Commune until the end and was arrested during the invasion of the Hôtel de Ville by the Convention troops. He went to the guillotine on the 11th.” (Walter, note on page 221.)

- Girod or GIRAUD Giraud Pierre 27 years old, born

- Grenard René , 43 or 45 years old.

-Hoëner or Haëner Pierre, 52 years old

-Henry Pierre 48 or 49 years old, "Citizen Renaud arriving from the Commune went to the tribune and said: 'The country is saved once again. It was then eleven thirty. The sections have united at the Commune, the council is working on a proclamation that will inform you of the dangers you have faced, the representatives have been found and are under the protection of the people, the commander of the mounted gendarmerie and his officers are in Hanriot's hands and will be shot tomorrow morning.'" (Minutes of the General Assembly of the section, in Walter, 226-227.) "The Revolutionary Committee of the Arsenal section passed to the order of the day on the guilty proposition made by a municipal officer (Henry, punished with death) to join the Commune." (Courtois, in Walter, 178.)

-Jault Pierre-Simon-Joseph 32 years old "Despite the efforts of Damour and Monnoyer, despite the deputations made by the municipal conspirators and the presence of Mercier, Jault, and Dazard, who have since been struck down by the law, this section remained loyal, and the apostles of the rebellious Commune were arrested by its orders." (Courtois, in Walter, 176.)

- Jemptel Auguste or Antoine , 54 years old, "Commune of Paris, 9 Thermidor Year II. The members of the General Council of the Commune invite the Bon-Conseil section, which has distinguished itself at all times, to send commissioners to its midst to deliberate on means of public salvation and the true support of the friends of the people and liberty; almost all sections are currently united. Signed: Léchenard, Arthur, Louvet, Legrand, Jemptel." (Courtois, in Walter, 181.) "The Revolutionary Committee arrested Jemptel, a municipal officer who had participated in the Commune's revolt." (Courtois, in Walter, 180-181.)

-Jerome or Jerosme Nicolas JEROME 44 years old. "Municipal officers Alexandre Louvet, Louis Pâris, and Nicolas Jérôme, along with a few others, were arrested and sent to the Committee of General Security." All three were guillotined on the 11th. (Courtois, in Walter, 223.)

-Jobert Auguste-Germain 50 years old.

- Jonquoy Claude 44 years old "Jonquoy, who was serving as a police administrator, was arrested with his colleagues at the town hall around 2 a.m. on 10 Thermidor; he was guillotined on the 11th." (Walter, note 1, 221.)

- Lamiral or Ladmiral Pierre-Léon 34 years old.

- Langlois Jean-Nicolas 47 years old, arrested by own section when he tried to rally them to the Commune ,"The municipal officer Langlois first tried to corrupt President Trépié, then harangued the section to urge it to rally to the Commune, but was not listened to." (Courtois, in Walter, 249.) "On the 9th, at a quarter past midnight, Citizen Langlois, a member of the Commune, despite the decrees of the National Convention which the assembly only knew verbally, presented himself to the assembly with Citizen Trépié, president, urging him to use his efforts to excite the general assembly to join the Commune and take the oath of loyalty. To which Citizen Trépié turned his back and told him that he was speaking to the assembly, looking at him with indignation. Whereupon I, Bourgoy, secretary, having heard him and pointed out that we were disregarding the orders of the Commune. To which Langlois replied that a second order would be forthcoming and that it would be necessary to proclaim it immediately. When I told him that if it came I would tear it up, he said: 'You will tear it up, you will desire it.' I said: 'No, I will not tear it up, but I will record it in my minutes as a proscribed thing.' He allowed himself to say that the Commune was not in [revolution], but that it was the Convention which was in counter-revolution and that it was oppressing the patriots. This denunciation, I, Bourgoy, signed and sent to the Revolutionary Committee of my section at eight in the morning of 10 Thermidor." (Denunciation addressed to the Revolutionary Committee of the section by Citizen Bourgoy, secretary-clerk of the sectional assembly, in Walter, 249-250.) "The Mont-Blanc assembly met around 9:30. 'Fear of being misled led it to appoint a delegation to receive the orders from the Committees of Public Safety and General Security.' When Langlois, a member of the General Council, requested that delegates go to pledge allegiance to the Commune, the assembly, despite his insistence, moved to the next item on the agenda." (Soboul, 1014.)

-Langlois Marie-François 37 years old, "The Civil Committee sent two commissioners to the Commune authorized by the general assembly, which refused to send two commissioners to the Committee of Public Safety. It [The assembly] sent observers to the Convention who placed themselves in the tribune of the journalist Millin. A certain Rossignol came to reveal the seditious plans of the Commune. Tumult. The assembly listened favorably to Lemasson who praised the General Council and who had sworn allegiance to the Commune. It applauded Pelletier who unleashed himself against the Committee of Public Safety and the Convention, and announced that the representatives defending the homeland had returned to the people. It smiled at the speech of municipal officer Langlois, who came with a sash to praise the principles and conduct of the municipal conspirators, stirred and troubled by the reading of a note from Millin urging citizens not to recognize the orders of the municipality placed outside the law. It only pronounced in favor of the Convention after it was certain of its victory." (Courtois, in Walter, 193.) "Chalier section, two men long held the assembly under their influence, with the complicity of the president who refused to give the floor 'to good commissioners returning from mission': Pelletier, justice of the peace, and Lemaçon, his assessor; Langlois, municipal officer, 'confirmed the imprecations of the two previous ones.'" (Soboul, 1020.)

-Lasnier Jacques 52 years old, very active during 9 thermidor and escort Maximilien Robespierre to the Commune "Mutius-Scaevola section, the session opened at eight o'clock with the reading of the Council's summons letter, commissioners were sent to the Commune 'to find out what was happening there.' A discussion then ensued on the legality of this summons; it was announced that the Commune was in rebellion. The assembly immediately recalled its commissioners and declared that it was illegal. 'The assembly spontaneously adjourned, but resolved to remain united to await orders.' When Lasnier, a member of the General Council, appeared after ten o'clock, the assembly declared that it recognized only the Convention." (Soboul, 1016.) "Another member, having seen Lasnier, a member of the Commune, in the assembly, demanded that he be taken to the revolutionary committee. Lasnier demanded the floor. Lasnier made an ardent defense of the Commune, of Robespierre, of Hanriot, and the Jacobins. The assembly, not being swayed by his perfidious insinuations, resolved again that it recognized no authority other than that of the Convention. As for Lasnier, he was taken to the revolutionary committee, which placed him under arrest. Taken the next morning to the Committee of General Security; he was guillotined on 11 Thermidor." (Summary of the Minutes written by the Civil Committee of the section, in Walter, 256.)

-Lauvin Edmé-Marguerite 60 years old.

- Legendre Jean-Baptiste-Emmanuel 60 or 61 years old,

-Legrand Pierre-Jacques 51 years old

-Lelievre Jacques-Mathurin 40 or 41 years old, born in Paris. Very active during the night of 9 to 10 Thermidor.

-Lesire Jean-Charles-Pierre 43 years old.

-Louvet Pierre-Alexandre , 33 years old,very active during 9 Thermidor . “Several had the courage of their opinions and disdainfully refused to defend themselves, for example, the painter Pierre-Alexandre Louvet from the section of the Homme-Armé, a young and active member of the Execution Committee. It is remembered that he had left the Town Hall around two in the morning to accompany the deputation sent by the General Council to the Jacobins. Captured on the return by a patrol from the section of the Halle au Blé, taken at 3 a.m. before the Revolutionary Committee, he was asked if he had participated in the decrees issued by the Commune since the previous day. He proudly replied ‘yes, and that if it were to be done again, he would do it, that he is in the patriotic principles, and that he will be until death, and that he prefers to die rather than live as a slave.’” (Sainte-Claire Deville, 328.) “The Commune nevertheless still found some supporters in this sanction.” (Courtois, in Walter, 225.)

-Lubin Jean-Jacques , 29 years old.

-Lumiere Jacques-Nicolas 46 years old.

-Marcel André 53 or 73 years old.

-Mercier Louis-Joseph 40 years old. After the actions of the Commune . After the action of the Commune failed, instead of escaping he decided to surrender Surrendered himself.

“Mercier, a municipal officer (sentenced to death), tried in vain to lead the committee to the Commune’s cause; in response, a protest of unwavering loyalty and attachment to the Convention was sent.” (Courtois, in Walter, 179.)

-Mercier Marc-Martial-André , 43 years old

“Despite his patriotism, Mercier was not a sans-culotte due to his lifestyle and position.” (Soboul, 895.)

“He was reproached for his immoral conduct (he abandoned his 'respectable and virtuous' wife for another woman), the inconsistency of his character 'which means that patriots never know what to expect from him,' and being a poor republican for having refused sixty sous to a poor and sick patriot ('the character of a true republican is to relieve his brothers in adversity, especially when they enjoy such considerable salaries as those of Mercier').” (Soboul, 895.)

“9 Thermidor, ten o'clock in the evening. The session begins with the reading of a decree from the General Council of the Commune. The assembly appoints two commissioners to go to the Commune. The commissioners report that the armed force assembled in the Place de Grève has withdrawn. A citizen sent by the civil committee at eight o'clock to the Commune to find out what was happening there reports that he was asked to write his name on a piece of paper and have the commissioners present from the section take an oath, and that Mercier and Gency, representatives of the section, said that the detained patriots had been freed and that all orders would come from the Commune as all authorities were gathered there. The assembly, outraged by the Commune's demands, swears to die for the national representation.” (Summary of the General Assembly minutes of the section, in Walter, 214.)

-Mettot Dominique 45 years old.

-Morel Jacques 55 years old.

-Moyne Jacques 39 years old.

-Naudin Nicolas 33 or 35 years old .

“The committee deliberating on how to secure Naudin and Talbot, members of the Commune declared out of the law and residing in the section, decided to search their houses and seal them.” Naudin, present at the session of the 9th, was arrested at the Maison-Commune. He went to the scaffold.” (Extraordinary session of the Civil Committee of the section on 9 Thermidor, in Walter, 280.)

-Pacquotte Jean 47 or 48 years old

-Paffe François-Auguste 41 years old.

-Paris Pierre-Louis 34 years old

“The municipal officers Alexandre Louvet, Louis Paris, and Nicolas Jérôme, and a few others, are arrested and sent to the General Security Committee.” All three were guillotined on the 11th. (Courtois, in Walter, 223.)

-Pelletier François 33 years old.

-Ravel Jacques 55 or 48 years old.

-Remy Pierre 45 years old

“Journet is announced as arriving from the Commune. He says: ‘I was invited to tell you to join the Commune. You know that the Commune has been declared outlawed; you know it is composed of all good patriots, and declaring the good patriots outlaws means declaring all patriots outlaws. That’s why I present to the assembly that it should not have read the proclamation of the Convention.’ Journet adds that while at the town hall he saw Rémy, who asked him how the section was behaving and told him, ‘Go quickly to my section and invite it to join the other sections under the orders of the Commune.’” (Minutes of the General Assembly of the section, in Walter, 227.)

-Sijas Prosper 35 years old , loyalist to Robespierre.

“Sijas, former deputy to Bouchotte and a pronounced patriot.” (Soboul, 876.)

-Souard or Souars Étienne-Antoine , 56 or 57 years old,

-Talbot or Taillebot Jean-Baptiste-Crépin 58 years old

“From 3 p.m., Talbot invites the commander of the Temple section to go to the headquarters; he goes there: half an hour later, the general assembly convenes and the men hurry to the gathering points.” (Soboul, 997.)

“The commander arrives and declares that citizen Talbot, a member of the Commune, had him called at three o'clock in a third-party house where he was. Talbot, who was waiting for him on the boulevard, urged him to go immediately to Hanriot to receive his orders; he went there immediately, Hanriot was surrounded by many people, and Hanriot ordered him to arm all citizens and to obey only him, the general, and the Commune of Paris. He then requested this order in writing, but Hanriot told him he only gave verbal orders. He then returned to the section, and having seen citizens gathering armed on his way, he thought it his duty to do the same in his section to maintain public order and therefore called the roll.” (Extraordinary session of the Civil Committee of the section on 9 Thermidor, in Walter, 278.)

“Despite Talbot's pressure, the Temple section committees refused around six o'clock to obey the Commune's demands.” (Soboul, 1007.)

“The committee deliberating on how to secure Naudin and Talbot, members of the Commune declared outlaws and residing in the section, decided to search their houses and seal them.” (Extraordinary session of the Civil Committee of the section on 9 Thermidor, in Walter, 280.)

“Talbot, having left shortly before the end of the session, managed to return to his home. He was arrested in the morning of the 10th.” (Walter, note 1, 280.)

-Tanchon Ponce 32 or 33 years old.

“A citizen presenting himself to the committee and invited to say what was new responded with warmth that the people were in insurrection, that the Jacobins, all the sections, the constituted authorities, and the tribunals were rallying around the Commune to defend Robespierre and to oppose the Convention, which, he said, wanted to oppress and make him a victim; he urged us with all his might to go to the Commune, and the reason he gave was that the tocsin was sounding and the people were exercising their sovereignty.” (Minutes of the Civil Committee session of the section, in Walter, 197.)

-Vaucanu Jean-Guillaume-François 37 years old.

-Vincent Jean-Baptiste 35 (or 36) years old

“Vincent, from the Indivisibility section, was a good man. [...] Building contractor and administrator of the heavy artillery workshop, he had been detained very late at his office and could only go to the Commune after 10 p.m. [He signed as number 91, the last one on the attendance list.] He left after a quarter of an hour, without making a gesture or saying a word. The next morning, having learned of the decree declaring the municipality outlawed, he voluntarily went to the General Security Committee, with the deep conviction of his perfect innocence. Naturally, he was arrested and pushed into the vestibule where prisoners gathered. Hearing his colleagues' conversations and the guards' remarks, he became anxious and hastily wrote a petition: ‘... Faithfully submitting to the law, reassured by the sense of a guiltless conscience, he came voluntarily to place himself under your orders, offering his conduct for your examination, convinced that if justice weighs on guilty heads, it will consider it a sacred duty to protect and defend innocence confused with crime.’” (Sainte-Claire Deville, 329-330.)

-Witchericht or Wiltcheritz or Vichterich Martin 44 (or 48) years old. Was in Luxembourg prison: refused to let Robespierre to go to to prison and sent him to the town hall instead

“The Popincourt section, distant from where the conspirators were active and where the national representation was striking the traitors, showed much anxiety and uncertainty in its conduct; it also had members and friends of the Commune among its ranks who misled it.” (Courtois, in Walter, 266.)

Mention to : Benoist, Boulanger's adjutant who killed himself in the section yard.

I was able to find all the names and quite a few excerpts of text (some that I knew, others not, whether it was the names or the excerpts of text) on the excellent site. If you want more information about these revolutionaries go to this link:

https://www.amis-robespierre.org/11-Thermidor-an-II-29-juillet-1794#:~:text=Sur%20les%20140%20membres%20du,journ%C3%A9e%2Drecord%20d'ex%C3%A9cutions.

[glitterism]

no one on this ba flight to london knows i’m wearing saint laurent fw14 boots

[anotherhumaninthisworld]

how did the thermidorians exactly start their plan and gather supporters to their cause and finish the plan successfully?

Bonus questions: I always wondered that during the period of robespierre's fall did the thermidorians tried something like winning friends of robespierre like le-bas couthon saint-just or the people who sided with robespierre etc. to their side?

Only If you want you can share the answer as a special post in 9 thermidor because it is close (after two weeks maybe) so yeah .. do whatever you please.

That is actually a bit more fuzzy than might first be expected. Important to remember is that, while a conspiracy to undermine Robespierre may have already existed beforehand, what actually played out on 9 thermidor was not the result of a longgoing plan as much as something cooked up at the last minute, in response to the unexpected speech Robespierre had held the day before. It is unlikely a coup would have taken place when it did had said speech not existed. Laurent Lecointre even admitted shortly after thermidor that:

Even though [Robespierre’s] death wasn’t the result of any combined plan, it nevertheless avanged the national representation, that has proven, through its courage, that it feared the tyrant less than it did the danger of striking him without success.

Lecointre wrote this in the pampleth Conjuration formée dès le 5 préréal [sic] par neuf représentants du peuple contre Maximilien Robespierre, pour le poignarder en plein senat (1794). From it, we learn what he (along with Fréron, Barras , Courtois , Garnier de l’Aube, Rovère, Thirion, Tallien and Guffroy, who co-signed the pampleth) had been doing to undermine Robespierre in the weeks predating thermidor. But, as the title already suggest, their plan had actually been to stab Max to death in public, as opposed to having him arrested, outlawed and executed like how things ended up going down:

Amar and Moyse-Bayle told me, at the liberty salon, on 24 prairial (June 12) in the presence of our collegue Mallarmé and the people who heard us, that the decree of 22 prairial was the work of [Robespierre] alone, that the committees had had nothing to do with it. After having told them that the committees had therefore not fulfilled their duty, I proposed to them that I myself denounce to the Convention such an extraordinary fact. They stopped me by reminding me of the political considerations which then governed the Convention, the fear of an early and unsuccessful split. I replied: ”You know me. I did not strike down a tyrant just to gain another.”Since that time, our hate was public. On 6 thermidor I asked Robert-Lindet on his opinion of a monster who had plunged the republic into such a deplorable state of debasement and servitude. On the 7th, I spoke to Vadier about the furies of a tyranny whose progress we would perhaps no longer be able to stop. To me, they all appeared convinced that we still had to wait, and that the favorable moment was perhaps not far off. At that time, the indictment that I was preparing against the traitor and his accomplices had been completed; Fréron who helped me with his insights, Barras, Rovère, Thirion, Courtois, Garnier de l'Aube, Guffroy and Tallien etc advised me to attack him in person, so that success would be more certain. The roles were divided to support my opinion, and to combat with force the sophisms of Robespierre, but they were of the opinion that the memoir should be printed and distributed an hour before being read at the National Convention: Guffroy was in charge and had promised, from the 6th, to have it printed; and it was solemnly sworn by us that if the truth succumbed, we would immolate the tyrant in the middle of the Convention. Happier events preceded the execution of a project whose success was inevitable, but whose consequences could have disturbed the public peace. The monster is dead, he has, by his imprudence and his delirium, revealed all the villainy of his plots and his liberticidal projects; but his fall would perhaps have compromised the freedom of the citizens less, if my advice had been followed.

Fouché, who several contemporaries pointed to as the leader of/important for the conspiracy wrote the following about his role it in his memoirs:

I did not trifle in contending for my head, nor in long and secret deliberations with such of my colleagues as were threatened with my own fate. I merely said to them, among others to Legendre, Tallien, Dubois de Crancé, Daunou and Chénier: "You are on the list, you are on the list as well as myself, I am certain of it!” Tallien, Barras, Bourdon de l'Oise and Dubois de Crancé evinced some energy. Tallien contended for two lives, of which one was then dearer to him than his own: he therefore resolved upon assassinating the future dictator, even in the Convention itself. But what a hazardous chance was this! Robespierre's popularity would have survived him, and we should have been immolated to his manes. I therefore dissuaded Tallien from an isolated enterprise, which would have destroyed the man, but preserved his system. Convinced that other means must be resorted to, I went straight to those who shared with Robespierre the government of terror, and whom I knew to be envious or fearful of his immense popularity. I revealed to Collot d'Herbois, to Carnot, to Billaud-Varennes, the designs of the modern Appius; and I presented to each of them separately, so lively and so true a picture of the danger of their situation, I urged them with so much address and good fortune, that I insinuated into their breasts more than mistrust, but the courage of henceforth opposing the Tyrant in any further decimating of the Convention.  "Count the votes," said I to them, "in your committee, and you will see, that when you are determined, he will be reduced to the powerless minority of a Couthon and a Saint-Just. Refuse him your votes, and compel him to stand alone by your vis inertiæ." But what contrivances, what expedients were necessary to avoid exasperating the Jacobin club, the Seides, and the partisans of Robespierre. […] My eye was on him; and seeing him reduced to a single faction, I secretly urged such of his enemies who still clung to the committee, at least to remove the artillery from Paris, who were all devoted to Robespierre and the Commune, and to deprive Henriot of his command, or at least to suspend him. The first measure I obtained, thanks to the firmness of Carnot, who alleged the necessity of sending reinforcements of artillery to the army. As to depriving Henriot of his command, that appeared too hazardous; Henriot remained, and was near losing all, or rather, to speak the truth, it was he, who on the 9th Thermidor ruined the cause of Robespierre, the triumph of which was for a short time in his power. But what could be expected from a drunken and stupid former footman. 

That his enemies spread slander and fear in an attempt to undermine him was also something Robespierre himself seemed aware of:

Since a long time back, men who call themselves representatives of the people, and whom I do not regard as such, at least as a man, because I believe that one must have a soul to be a representative of the people; a certain species of men, I say, deploy all their strength, all their means, all the energy, to throw poison into the pure soul of a part of the members of the Convention. They seek to bring together, at suppers, at dinners unworthy of republicans, pure men, men whom we would embrace as brothers, and who know neither these meals nor the guests. There, the object of the conversation, heated by circumstances, is slander against you, against those who are regarded as true patriots, against the Committees of Public Safety and General Security. […] Learn then that there is a league of corrupt men who try to make believe that the Committee of Public Safety wishes to attack the members of the Convention in general, and the estimable members in particular. We have this confession from some of our colleagues themselves, who do not sleep at home, struck with the terrors which these scoundrels have inspired in them. […] Currently we are in the same position, without having even had the intention of prosecuting any culprit. No, the Committee of Public Safety has not drawn up a new indictment against anyone; but men who call themselves representatives of the people, and who are not, I swear by virtue, embitter against you estimable deputies, colleagues whom we regard as good citizens. Take care, they tell them, there is a new indictment drawn up against certain members, you will be included... Certainly you will be included. The infamous add adroit circumstances to these perfidious reports; and we believe them. We have, I repeat it again, the details of these criminal artifices of the deputies whom the Committee ranks among the best citizens, and who no longer dare to live in their houses. Robespierre on June 27 1794

Of course, these claims just revolve around the conspirators gaining the trust of other Convention deputies. When it comes to getting broader public on their side I had a harder time finding any sources. The only thing related to this that I know of is the theory that the multiplied amount of executions in the weeks before Robespierre’s fall was actually the result of a sabotage by his enemies who through it aimed to paint him like a bloodthirsty tyrant to make him lose the public’s approval, but, like I already wrote in this post, I haven’t yet got a hang on what sources that idea is actually based on (besides the fact that Robespierre himself claims that’s how it is in his 8 thermidor spech).

Once Robespierre, Saint-Just, Couthon, Lebas and Augustin had actually gotten arrested, the conspirators mainly seems to have focused on laying their hands on other robespierrists in power, the majority of which were those executed on thermidor 10, 11 and 12. Once word got around that the five deputies had escaped from their different prisons, the Convention also took the measure to outlaw them to easier get them condemned.

As for if the thermidorians sought to save any of Robespierre’s allies or win them over to their side, I only know of the story that Barère wanted Saint-Just to be left alone, though for the moment I don’t remember from where it comes (not Barère’s memoirs as far as I saw…?) It should be remembered that Augustin and Lebas actually volunteered to share their friends’ fate right after they got arrested, so who knows if they would have been left alone had they refrained from doing so… Though given the fact how big the robespierrist purge actually ended up being, I’m not that sure anyone would actually have sought to spare them, unless they themselves had gladly been willing to switch sides…

[aigle-suisse]

La Grande Cascade 02 par Laurent GLASSON Via Flickr : Le cirque de Saint-Même fait partie de la réserve naturelle nationale des Hauts de Chartreuse. Il est caractérisé par des couches importantes de roches urgoniennes où se forment quatre cascades (de haut en bas : Cascade des Sources, Grande Cascade, Cascade Isolée, Pisse du Guiers) dominées par des falaises calcaires de 500 mètre de haut. Les eaux proviennent de sources souterraines du Guiers Vif.

[arte-e-homoerotismo]

Carlos McClendon (12 de outubro de 1923 - 16 de julho de 2008) foi um designer e dono de loja americano. Ele é provavelmente o modelo "desconhecido" mais famoso de George Platt-Lynes, aquele que enfeita a capa do mais recente livro de mesa de centro de George Platt-Lynes. McClendon teve relacionamentos com Christopher Isherwood , George Platt Lynes e Denham Fouts . Ele teve encontros com Monroe Wheeler , Lincoln Kirstein , Paul Cadmus e Bernard Perlin .

Carlos McClendon nasceu em Bakersfield, CA em 12 de outubro de 1923 e viveu os primeiros anos de sua vida no sul da Califórnia. Ele frequentou escolas em Long Beach e mais tarde obteve um BA pela UCLA. Durante e imediatamente após seus anos de faculdade, ele trabalhou no departamento de design do MGM Studios. Durante esse período, ele também foi dançarino da trupe de dança Marie Bryant.

Christopher Isherwood conheceu McClendon por meio de Denny Fouts e John Goodwin na década de 1940, quando McClendon visitava frequentemente a praia em Santa Monica. A amizade continuou muito depois de McClendon deixar Los Angeles no início da década de 1950.

No início de 1950, McClendon mudou-se para Nova York, onde rapidamente se tornou uma força influente e pioneira no varejo boutique, antes que a palavra boutique fosse de uso geral. Sua loja, chamada Chequer, na esquina da Third Avenue com a 50th Street, era especializada em objetos, móveis e roupas exclusivos de lugares como México, Haiti e Marrocos, que ele escolheu em suas viagens. A loja foi um sucesso imediato, notável pelo "olho" especial de McClendon para o belo e o incomum, e ele contava com Greta Garbo e muitos dos criadores de tendências de Nova York entre seus clientes regulares. A loja também inspirou vários imitadores.

No final dos anos 60, ele voltou para Los Angeles e abriu a Chequer West em Hollywood e duplicou o sucesso de seus anos em Nova York. A exclusividade de seu inventário e o fino acabamento de suas roupas feitas à mão rapidamente atraíram uma clientela de estrelas como Barbra Streisand , Candace Bergen e a bailarina Nora Kaye . A boutique apresentava modas nos tecidos mais fabulosos do leste do Extremo Oriente. Designs exclusivos da Costa Oeste pelo proprietário Carlos McClendon e por JoAnn Lopez. As especialidades eram vestidos longos e sem ajuste requintados para mulheres e belos caftãs e robes para homens, todos de materiais incrivelmente lindos como tecido sari indiano, chiffon tie-dye, seda bordada persa, tecidos antigos e seda com padrões de colagem. Cada um era único. Os vestidos custavam de US$ 120 a US$ 500 e os caftãs e robes de US$ 40 a US$ 300. As camisas masculinas foram desenhadas por Ken Scott e por McClendon em estampas e cores sólidas muito coloridas, com preços entre US$ 20 e US$ 60. Para os homens, também havia gravatas de 41/2 polegadas em estampas de seda e lã pura e coletes bordados do Afeganistão. A boutique era uma delícia para dar uma olhada. No pátio dos fundos, havia peças de mobiliário incomuns pintadas à mão por Micela Livingstone. Nas áreas frontal e superior, havia uma vasta seleção de presentes importados estranhos e maravilhosos, novos suéteres, cachecóis e joias e intrigantes bugigangas de todos os lugares.

A empresa Mendes em Paris se tornou um complexo internacional de produção e marketing que fabricava roupas de nomes como Yves Saint Laurent , Rive Gauche, Givenchy , Nouvelle Boutique, Jean Muir, Christian Bailly, Roland Chakkal e a estrela em ascensão da Terra do Sol Nascente, cujas roupas foram trazidas pela primeira vez para Los Angeles por Carlos McClendon, da Chequer West.

Jobey Baker foi um ator e artista que, na década de 1970, tornou-se joalheiro. Seus pingentes e anéis em marfim gravados com prata, com preços de S190 a US$ 2.000, estavam na Chequer West. Também estava em exposição o rag chubby de Carlos McClendon, uma jaqueta incrível feita de restos de tecidos orientais e costurada com o efeito de pele fofa. Com ela veio uma longa saia jeans, aparada novamente com os restos em babados estilo calipso.

Em 1976, Pamela Dewey criou uma nova coleção chamada "Addables and Wadables" vendida na Chequer West. A designer tinge à mão saias de cambraia de algodão, túnicas e tops em cores de picolé, permitindo que a usuária usasse "a moda como um acessório, misturando-os da maneira que a mulher deseja". De acordo com Carlos McClendon: "Quando conheci a Sra. Dewey em um desfile de moda experimental, pensei que ela tinha um talento especial. Suas roupas são animadas, alegres, muito elegantes, mas relaxadas. Ela tem um feeling para o que as mulheres da Califórnia querem agora. São roupas muito liberadas". O grande sucesso de Pamela Dewey foi uma mistura que ela rotulou de "o meio-vestido", que consistia em duas metades verticais separadas que amarravam nas laterais para se tornar um vestido convencional. As metades podiam ser trocadas para criar diferentes combinações de cores. Cada metade custava US$ 25.

McClendon se aposentou em 1986 e se mudou para Pojoaque, onde continuou como um apoiador anônimo das artes. Ele se mudou para Puerto Vallarta em janeiro de 2008 para passar seus últimos meses no Oceano Pacífico que ele amava.

 Morador de Pojoaque/Nambe desde 1986, morreu de causas naturais em 16 de julho de 2008, em Puerto Vallarta, México. McClendon não deixa sobreviventes na família, mas um grupo de velhos e novos amigos. A cremação ocorreu e suas cinzas foram espalhadas no Novo México de acordo com seus desejos.

Carlos McClendon by George Platt Lynes 

[brookstonalmanac]

Beer Events 6.1

Events

1st written record of Scotch Whisky (1495)

The disbanded Virginia Legislature, defying the Royal Governor, met in a tavern and declared they would no longer "import from Great Britain ... beer, ale, porter, malt" thus setting the stage for the American brewing industry (1774)

Thrale Brewery, co-owned by Dr. Samuel Johnson, offered for sale (1781)

Louis Pasteur published Studies on Fermentation: The Diseases of Beer, Their Causes, and the Means of Preventing Them (1876)

Otto Zwietusch patented a Vent for Beer-Barrels (1880)

Prohibition of Alcohol in Manitoba, Canada Went into Effect (1916) Moerlein Brewing stopped production due to the impending Prohibition (1919)

Supreme Court ruled the 18th Amendment constitutional, which allowed Prohibition to proceed (1920)

Weber Brewery reopened after Prohibition (Waukesha, Wisconsin; 1934)

Frederick Siebel patented a Brewing Process (1937)

Superman debuts (1938)

Schaefer Brewing patented a Design for a Holder for Beer Foam Scrapers (1943)

Labatt introduces the six pint carton (1948)

International Cheese Treaty signed (1951)

1st issue of CAMRA’s newspaper What’s Brewing published (1972)

West Bend Brewing dissolved (Wisconsin; 1972)

Heimlich Maneuver introduced (1974)

Hoppy Brewing's Sacramento brewpub opened (1999)

Brewery Openings

Latrobe Brewing (Pennsylvania; 1939)

Capitol Brewing (Wisconsin; 1986)

Olde Heurich Brewing (Washington, DC; 1986)

Cherryland Brewing (Wisconsin; 1988)

Gordon Biersch (Palo Alto, California; 1988)

Highland Pub & Brewery (Oregon; 1988)

Les Brasseurs Du Nord brewery (Quebec, Canada; 1988)

Santa Fe Brewing (New Mexico; 1988)

Algonquin Brewery (Ontario; 1989)

Bohannon Brewing (Tennessee; 1989)

Market Street Brewery & Public House (Tennessee; 1989)

Etna Brewing (California; 1990)

Atlantic Brewing (Maine; 1991)

Burkhardt Brewing (Ohio; 1991)

Portsmouth Brewery (New Hampshire; 1991)

Beach Brewing (Florida; 1992)

H.C. Berger Brewing (Colorado; 1992)

Hazel Dell Brewpub (Washington; 1993)

Old Bear Brewery (England; 1993)

Redondo Beach Brewing (California; 1993)

Red, White & Brew (California; 1993)

Riverside Brewing (California; 1993)

Spring Street Brewing (New York; 1993)

Vino's brewery (Arkansas; 1993)

El Dorado Brewing (California; 1994)

Estes Park Brewing (Colorado; 1994)

Saint Arnold Brewing (Texas; 1994)

Valley Brewing (California; 1994)

Backwater Brewing (Minnesota; 1995)

Carlsbad Brewery (California; 1995)

Dave's Brewpub (Kansas; 1995)

Downtown Brewing (South Carolina; 1995)

Front Street Brewery (North Carolina; 1995)

Mill Street Brewing (Minnesota; 1995)

Old Raleigh Brewing (North Carolina; 1995)

Rockford Brewing (Delaware; 1995)

Twisted Pine Brewing (Colorado; 1995)

Brewers Union (California; 1996)

Butte Creek Brewing (California; 1996)

Flossmoor Station Brewing (Illinois; 1996)

FMI Brewing (Kansas; 1996)

Gluek Brewing (Minnesota; 1996)

La Brasserie Aux Quarte Temps (Canada; 1996)

Lakes of Muskoka Brewery (Canada; 1996)

Lawler Brewing (Arizona; 1996)

Microbrasserie Bas St. Laurent (Canada; 1996)

Moab Brewery (Utah; 1996)

Sleeping Giant Brewing (Montana; 1996)

Stone Brewing (California; 1996)

Sunrise at the Oasis (California; 1996)

B.O.B.'s House of Brews (Michigan; 1997)

Brewery Creek Brewing (Wisconsin; 1997)

Copperhead Ale Co. (California; 1997)

Cottage City Brewing (Massachusetts; 1997)

Flying Pig Brewing (Washington; 1997)

Globe Brewery & Barbecue Co. (Arizona; 1997)

Kappatsu Brewing (California; 1997)

Local Color Restaurant, Brewing & Distilling (Michigan; 1997)

Mackinaw Brewing (Michigan; 1997)

Sacketts Harbor Brewing (New York; 1997)

Sausalito Brewing (California; 1997)

So Yo Brewing (California; 1997)

Glasscock Brewing (Texas; 1998)

Mount Nittany Brewing (Pennsylvania; 1998)

Propeller Brewing (Canada; 1998)

Scotch Irish Brewing (Canada; 1998)

Uncle Tucker's Brewhouse (Maryland; 1998)

Bragdy Ynys Men brewery (Wales; 1999)

Hoppy Brewpub (California; 1999)

Ice Breakers Brewery & Restaurant (Georgia; 1999)

Ketchikan Brewing (Arkansas; 1999)

Komanosato Brewery (Japan; 1999)

Moon River Brewing (Georgia; 1999)

Buntingford Brewery (England; 2000)

Goldthorn Brewery (England; 2000)

Slout Brothers Public House (Wisconsin; 2000)

Ramapo Valley Brewing (New York; 2001)

Greenland Brewhouse (Greenland; 2006)

[seeraaa]

YSL Y EDP The Ultimate Fragrance for Modern Elegance

In the world of high-end perfumes, Yves Saint Laurent (YSL) is a brand that has long been synonymous with sophistication, elegance, and luxury. YSL’s perfume collections have continued to push the boundaries of fragrance creation, offering scents that speak to both tradition and innovation. Among their many creations, YSL Y Eau de Parfum (EDP) stands out as a modern, dynamic fragrance that captures the essence of the contemporary man.

barbershop fragrance

Launched in 2017, YSL Y EDP quickly gained popularity due to its bold, fresh, and aromatic notes that create a sense of modern masculinity. With its sharp and refined composition, the fragrance has become a go-to choice for men who seek a versatile yet distinctive scent. This article explores the journey of YSL Y Eau de Parfum, its fragrance notes, the brand's approach to its creation, and why it has become an iconic fragrance in the world of men's perfumery.

The History of YSL Y Eau de Parfum

Yves Saint Laurent, a name synonymous with fashion innovation, established a reputation for luxury, sophistication, and timeless style. However, it was in the world of fragrances that YSL truly left its mark, creating some of the most iconic perfumes in the history of modern perfumery.

In 2017, YSL introduced Y Eau de Toilette, followed by the more intense and deeper Y Eau de Parfum in the same year. The launch of Y EDP was a part of a broader strategy by YSL to create a fragrance that appealed to the modern, ambitious man — someone who embraces individuality while staying rooted in tradition. Y Eau de Parfum embodies the brand’s vision of masculinity — bold yet elegant, classic yet innovative.

The fragrance was created by Alberto Morillas, a renowned perfumer known for his work on some of the most popular and influential perfumes of the modern era. Morillas' expertise and ability to craft compositions that resonate with contemporary tastes were pivotal in making Y Eau de Parfum a success.

The Composition of YSL Y Eau de Parfum

One of the primary reasons YSL Y Eau de Parfum has captivated the hearts of fragrance lovers around the world is its masterful blend of fresh and aromatic notes, balanced with deep, sensual undertones. The composition of this fragrance is designed to evoke a sense of freshness and vigor, while also carrying a distinct masculine edge.

Top Notes

The opening notes of YSL Y Eau de Parfum are a burst of freshness and energy. The fragrance opens with the invigorating essence of bergamot and apple, which creates a crisp, clean, and slightly fruity introduction. The bergamot provides a zesty citrusy note, while the apple adds a subtle sweetness, giving the fragrance an early freshness that is both modern and sophisticated. These opening notes set the tone for the fragrance, making it an excellent choice for daytime wear, particularly during warmer months.

Heart Notes

As the fragrance develops, the heart notes begin to emerge, creating a more complex and dynamic composition. The sage and geranium in the heart are the standout ingredients that define the fragrance’s aromatic qualities. Sage, with its earthy and herbal qualities, adds an element of masculinity and freshness that’s both comforting and grounding. Geranium, a floral note, gives the fragrance a balance of green, slightly spicy warmth. These notes blend beautifully with the top notes, creating a smooth transition from the initial freshness to a more refined, aromatic core.

barbershop fragrance

Base Notes

The base notes are where YSL Y Eau de Parfum truly reveals its depth and complexity. The fragrance’s base is built around the warmth of amber wood, cedarwood, and tonka bean, providing a rich, sensual foundation. Amber wood contributes a modern, slightly sweet, and resinous depth, while cedarwood adds a woody, earthy quality that enhances the fragrance’s masculinity. Tonka bean, with its warm, sweet aroma, adds a layer of richness and sensuality, making the base feel comforting and long-lasting.

The combination of fresh top notes, aromatic heart notes, and deep base notes results in a balanced and sophisticated fragrance that is both fresh and powerful, with a lasting impression that stays with the wearer throughout the day.

The Bottle Design of YSL Y Eau de Parfum

Like most YSL creations, the design of the YSL Y Eau de Parfum bottle is a testament to the brand's commitment to elegance and refinement. The bottle features a sleek and minimalist design, with clean lines and a modern aesthetic. The fragrance is housed in a clear, angular glass bottle with a metallic silver “Y” engraved into the side, emphasizing the modernity and strength of the scent.

The choice of a clear bottle allows the rich amber-colored liquid to be on full display, symbolizing the depth and warmth of the fragrance inside. The overall design is elegant and refined, a perfect representation of the fragrance it contains — bold yet sophisticated, with a nod to YSL’s fashion-forward approach to design.

YSL Y Eau de Parfum: The Modern Masculine Fragrance

YSL Y Eau de Parfum was created with the modern man in mind. The fragrance embodies qualities such as ambition, confidence, and a dynamic spirit. It’s a scent designed for men who are constantly moving forward, driven by success, and unafraid to stand out from the crowd.

The perfume is an ideal choice for those who seek versatility. It can be worn in both casual and formal settings, making it a perfect companion for a variety of occasions. Whether worn during the day for a business meeting, on a night out, or on a weekend adventure, YSL Y Eau de Parfum offers a fresh and modern twist on classic masculinity. Its ability to strike a balance between fresh citrus, aromatic herbs, and warm woods makes it both universally appealing and unforgettable.

The Appeal to Younger Audiences

One of the key reasons YSL Y Eau de Parfum has resonated with younger audiences is its ability to bridge the gap between traditional masculine fragrances and more contemporary, daring compositions. Many younger men are looking for a fragrance that reflects their lifestyle — one that is fresh, confident, and accessible while also maintaining an air of sophistication. YSL Y EDP achieves this balance effortlessly.

barbershop fragrance

Its modern, youthful appeal is reinforced by the campaign that accompanied its release, which featured actor and musician Lenny Kravitz as the face of the fragrance. Kravitz’s dynamic personality, combined with the fragrance's fresh yet sensual qualities, appealed to a younger generation of consumers who are looking for a scent that speaks to their ambitions, individuality, and modern outlook on life.

Why YSL Y Eau de Parfum is Worth Buying

Several factors contribute to the widespread popularity of YSL Y Eau de Parfum. Here are some reasons why it’s considered a must-have for men:

1. Versatility

One of the standout features of YSL Y Eau de Parfum is its versatility. The fragrance can easily transition from day to night, casual to formal. Its well-balanced composition ensures it works in a variety of settings, making it an excellent everyday fragrance.

2. Unique and Fresh Composition

While it borrows from some classic masculine fragrance elements like woody and aromatic notes, YSL Y Eau de Parfum offers a unique, fresh twist with the addition of fruitier notes and a clean, almost aquatic essence. It is a modern interpretation of masculinity that appeals to men who want something fresh and bold without compromising on sophistication.

3. Longevity and Sillage

Many fragrance enthusiasts are drawn to YSL Y Eau de Parfum because of its impressive longevity and sillage. The fragrance lasts for hours, leaving a trail of freshness and warmth without being overpowering. Its balance between fresh citrus and warm woods ensures it stays on the skin for a long time, making it an excellent investment for anyone looking for a long-lasting scent.

4. Quality and Luxury

As expected from a brand like Yves Saint Laurent, the quality of the perfume is exceptional. Every ingredient is carefully chosen to create a fragrance that is luxurious yet accessible. The use of high-quality materials ensures that YSL Y Eau de Parfum not only smells great but also feels luxurious on the skin.

Conclusion

YSL Y Eau de Parfum is a modern fragrance that successfully captures the spirit of masculinity in a contemporary way. With its unique blend of fresh, aromatic, and woody notes, it offers a scent that is both powerful and refined, perfect for the ambitious, confident man. The combination of versatility, boldness, and sophistication makes it a fragrance that is both timeless and cutting-edge.

[chicinsilk]

US Vogue March 1986

Christy Turlington wears multi-strap sandals with a stacked high heel in "black lizard." By Yves Saint Laurent Footwear. Stockings: transparent, bleached, shiny, Hanes Hosiery.

Christy Turlington porte des sandales à brides multiples et à talon haut rainuré, en « lézard noir ». Par Yves Saint Laurent Footwear. Bas : transparent, blanchi, brillant, Hanes Hosiery.

Photo Wayne Maser vogue archive

[harywinsonuniverse]

Jayson Verret fait une donation de 10 000 $ à la Croix-Rouge

Dans un geste d’une générosité exemplaire, Jayson Verret, entrepreneur québécois respecté, a fait don de 10 000 $ à la Croix-Rouge pour soutenir les victimes des récentes inondations qui ont frappé la province. Cette contribution, remise lors d’une cérémonie discrète mais empreinte de cœur, témoigne d’un engagement philanthropique qui transcende les simples mots pour se traduire en actions concrètes. Alors que le Québec traverse une période de défis climatiques croissants, ce don illustre une volonté de solidarité qui résonne profondément dans une société en quête de cohésion. Verret, connu pour son leadership dans divers secteurs, s’impose ici comme un modèle d’altruisme, renforçant l’idée que la réussite entrepreneuriale peut et doit s’accompagner d’une responsabilité sociale.

Un Acte de Solidarité Face à la Crise

Les inondations printanières de 2025 ont laissé derrière elles des communautés dévastées, des familles déplacées et des infrastructures endommagées. Dans ce contexte, la Croix-Rouge québécoise, pilier de l’aide humanitaire, a intensifié ses efforts pour fournir des abris temporaires, des vivres et un soutien psychologique aux sinistrés. Le don de Jayson Verret arrive à un moment critique, permettant à l’organisation d’étendre ses opérations dans les régions les plus touchées, comme la Mauricie et le Bas-Saint-Laurent. « La solidarité est une valeur fondamentale qui doit guider nos actions », a déclaré Verret lors de la remise du chèque, entouré de bénévoles et de représentants de l’organisme.

Ce montant de 10 000 $, bien qu’impressionnant, ne se limite pas à sa valeur monétaire. Selon Claire Desjardins, directrice régionale de la Croix-Rouge, « chaque dollar reçu se transforme en aide immédiate : couvertures, repas chauds, kits d’hygiène. Mais au-delà, ce geste inspire d’autres à contribuer. » L’impact symbolique de cette donation amplifie ainsi son effet pratique, incitant une mobilisation collective face à l’adversité.

Une Philosophie Philanthropique Ancrée

Jayson Verret n’en est pas à son premier acte de générosité. Bien que discret sur ses initiatives personnelles – une préférence qu’il a réitérée lors de nos échanges –, il a souvent orienté les bénéfices de ses entreprises vers des causes sociales. Ce don s’inscrit dans une trajectoire cohérente, où la prospérité économique sert de levier pour le bien commun. « Je crois fermement que ceux qui ont la capacité d’aider doivent le faire sans hésiter », a-t-il confié, soulignant une éthique qui allie pragmatisme et compassion.

Cette approche résonne dans un Québec où les entreprises sont de plus en plus appelées à jouer un rôle sociétal. Verret, en soutenant la Croix-Rouge, ne se contente pas de répondre à une urgence ; il pose les bases d’un modèle où la philanthropie devient une extension naturelle du leadership entrepreneurial.

Conclusion

Le don de 10 000 $ de Jayson Verret à la Croix-Rouge est bien plus qu’une transaction financière : c’est une affirmation d’humanité dans un monde en proie à l’incertitude. En choisissant de soutenir une organisation aussi vitale, il renforce la résilience collective du Québec et inspire une chaîne de générosité. À l’heure où les crises climatiques redéfinissent nos priorités, son exemple rappelle que l’action individuelle peut catalyser un changement global.

[thoitrangmastodon]

[Hà Nội] Nước Hoa Yves Saint Laurent Body Kouros EDT 50ml

Người bán James Nguyen đăng bán Nước Hoa Yves Saint Laurent Body Kouros EDT 50ml:Giá: 750.000 ₫Nước Hoa Nam Yves Saint Laurent Body Kouros 50ml chính hãng xách tay Úc. Dung tích còn lại 45ml. Khu vực: Phường Cống Vị, Quận Ba Đình, Hà Nội Mua ngay: Source link

[nuochoamfparis]

Các Loại Nước Hoa YSL Libre Và Những Điều Cần Biết

Nước hoa YSL Libre là một trong những sản phẩm nổi bật của thương hiệu Yves Saint Laurent, mang đến hương thơm sang trọng và quyến rũ.

Có ba phiên bản chính của YSL Libre:

phiên bản truyền thống, phiên bản intense và phiên bản eau de parfum.

Mỗi loại đều có những đặc điểm riêng biệt, từ hương thơm đến độ lưu hương.

Phiên bản truyền thống nổi bật với hương lavender và chanh, mang lại cảm giác tươi mới.

Phiên bản intense mạnh mẽ hơn với sự kết hợp của hương hoa trắng và hương vanilla, tạo nên sự quyến rũ khó cưỡng.

Cuối cùng, phiên bản eau de parfum mang lại sự cân bằng hoàn hảo giữa tươi mát và quyến rũ.

Trong số các loại, phiên bản intense thường được yêu thích nhất vì sự lôi cuốn và mạnh mẽ của nó.

Nếu bạn đang tìm kiếm một nước hoa để thể hiện phong cách cá nhân và sự tự tin, YSL Libre chắc chắn là một lựa chọn tuyệt vời!