#ask me about my hyperfocus

[writtenbygracewilliams]

Peerages & Titles: female inheritance

[Full list of disclaimers is in the master post but tl;dr is that sources for this information are not consistent, sources may be modern, and this may be edited/expanded at anytime as my research continues.]

I knew this was gonna be a messy one but I didn’t think it would lead to me reading a 40 pg UK parliamentary report 😭 strap in, but it’s fascinating and also lowkey relevant to the Featherington’s and Michaela Stirling.

Some baronies and earldoms in the peerage of England may be inherited by women/daughters.

Some old earldoms issued by letters patent are able to pass to heirs of the body, with no male preference, and follow the same rules of baronies by writ (see below).

In the early medieval period earldoms were passed to the son of the earl, or the brother of the earl if he had no children. If he had a single daughter, his son-in-law would inherit the lands and usually the peerage—but more complex cases may have been decided by the crown. [If passing to a son-in-law, it would presumably be abeyant until she married but I did not find this specifically mentioned.]

In the 13th century, the son-in-law would automatically inherit the peerage when inheriting the land.

In the 15th century, the earldom reverted to the crown—who would often regrant it to the eldest son-in-law.

In the 17th century, the earldom would revert to abeyance unless and until there was only one remaining daughter.

Women may inherit certain baronies in the peerage of England, if they were baronies by writ. From the late 14th century [1388 to be exact] most peers have been created by letters patent, however most baronies created before this time were by a writ of summons.

Having no letters patent, or remainder, baronies by writ are not limited to male heirs. A baron who left a sole daughter may have his daughter inherit the barony, and either be a baroness in her own right or her husband will inherit the barony. [I cannot confirm which for the life of me, but based on prior knowledge I lean toward the latter.] [Maybe it’s a choice? Highly unlikely.]

Where there is more than one daughter, the barony will fall into a state of abeyance between the co-heirs.

The co-heirs should reach an honourable agreement (without bribery or corruption) as to who will claim the title, the claimant then petitioning the crown to terminate the abeyance.

A claimant must represent at least one third of an abeyant title, and the title must not have been abeyant for more than 100 years.

If there is ever only one remaining co-heir, they do not have to petition the crown in order to assume the title.

The crown may intervene and terminate an abeyant title at any time.

The inheritance of Scottish peerages varies, but in many instances [and this applies to all Scottish peers] a daughter may inherit the title, and will do so over her younger sisters. Co-heirs and abeyance are avoided entirely in the peerage of Scotland. [I have plans to extend this point since the introduction of Michaela, bear with me, but as always feel free to drop q’s in my ask]

Many original limitations for succession in the peerage of Ireland are not known. Today, there is only one Irish viscountcy and one barony that may pass through the female line and they are both held by the same person. [Viscount Massereene and Ferrand].

Titles that cannot be inherited by daughters do not automatically go to daughter’s sons, a special remainder must be in place. [This is what Portia does/forges to say that her first grandson will inherit the Featherington estate, she creates (forges) a special remainder.]

For example, IF the Featherington Barony was created by writ [it clearly was not, but I think it would be cool if it was] then after the death of Lord Featherington the barony would have become abeyant. [Instead it becomes dormant]. Phillipa, Prudence and Penelope would have to agree amongst themselves who should inherit the title. Do I see that happening? No, they’re a trainwreck, but it would make good tv. Queen Charlotte [technically the Prince Regent] could intervene at any time to choose who will take the title/peerage/estate.

Kind of can’t believe I got through that, mad props if any of you did. Link to the master post here with all the peerage information, drop any questions in my ask :)

–GW xo

[grace-williams-xo]

If you ever wanted to know anything about English peers or titles [royals included],,,, I did weeks of hyper focused research so you don’t have to! There are 12 posts, here is the master post with easy to ready tables about basic forms of address and links to the 11 other deep dives.

LOWKEY if it doesn’t get a modicum of attention I’ll cry and I wish I was kidding

[grace-williams-xo]

Resident peerage expert clocking in for duty 🫡 [my info & deep dives here] The examples in the last paragraph are:

John Sterling, The Earl of Kilmartin

Simon Basset, The Duke of Hastings

Baby polin would be [using Thomas, bc that’s their first son in the books, but actually we have no idea what his name is and I’m mad]

Thomas Bridgerton, Baron Featherington

I cannot find confirmation of if/when such for uses of the name—rather than title—would be appropriate, especially in regency England, but I would think only possibly verbal reference and verbal introduction. I would hazard a guess that it would never be appropriate for a duke, and probably not a marquess or earl either.

Some titles, more common contemporarily, include territorial designations. For example, the former prime minister’s full title was Baroness Thatcher, of Kesteven in the County of Lincolnshire. It is incorrect to omit any part of the territorial designation unless you omit all of it. Baroness Thatcher is fine, Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven is not; but the latter may be used informally.

This style of title is more common for barons and viscounts. Anthony could be The Viscount Bridgerton, of Aubrey in the County of Kent (he is not, I don’t even think Aubrey is a place). Thomas could be Baron Featherington, of Mayfair in the County of Middlesex (I think this was the county it would’ve been in at the time but I digress).

Given earls, marquesses and dukes typically have of in their title anyway, the territorial designation is typically before a comma within the title ie: The Duke of Hastings. However, it is still possible.

This is not his title, and rules differ slightly in Scotland anyway, but an example of what John’s title could be as an earl is The Earl Stirling, of Kilmartin in the Shire of Argyll and Bute.

Hello!

I read your post about Penelope and Colin leaving at Featherington house and it makes sense that they want to keep this house but do you think it means Portia is here with them??? I mean, it was nice to have her see Penelope at last and that they understand each other but I'd like them to be on their own in the house and I liked the idea that they had a new home, a house where Penelope did not have bad memories.

Also, as with the Mondrichs it's confusing to me that their first son does not have their name anymore 😅

I loved this season, it was the best one for me ❤️ and I think we'll see them happy (and in bed 😏🥰) in future seasons!

Thanks!!

They might keep Portia there with them, or she might move to a dowager house off screen like how Prudence and Philippa moved to their married homes off screen. Violet, at the beginning of the season, made note of looking for a dowager house to move to, as did Anthony when he was talking to Kate about it. Society wise, it seems that when the new lord takes over or gets married, the dowager usually ends up moving. Anthony actually likes and cares for his family, and from what Kate said it seemed in India, Violet would be expected to stay with all the other unmarried siblings. So that's why Violet hasn't moved yet, and probably the real reason why is they don't want to get a new set.

We only ever saw one or two rooms of polin's married home so I am leaning in that they are more than likely going to have them at the Featherington House and maybe their other home will be for kept as their nest egg for when their son is grown a fully realized lord. Nothing wrong with that, and I find it somewhat healing that Penelope is probably moving past the hurt and bad memories to make new and good ones with her husband and son and possibly future children. Another reason why I think they'll keep them there is how often Colin was over there for the first two seasons. I mean, with how often he was there, Portia should have charged him rent.

As for the Mondrich boy, he still has his family name. When people say his title, it's the name of the estate. Like with John. His name is John Stirling, but his title is Earl of Kilmartin or Lord Kilmartin. Same thing with Simon. He's the Duke of Hastings, but his last name is Basset. I'm not sure how the peerage system works, but I'm guessing it kind of depends on how long it's been in the family, what their rank is, and when it's passed along. Because as we seen in the show titles, pass to the closest living male relative and say that's your sister's son than yeah, he's gonna have a different last name, but we also still need to know which estate he's the lord of.

[its-your-mind]

*deep breath in*

the fears 👏 have always 👏 been (in one way or another) 👏 parallel 👏 to 👏 desire 👏

let me explain.

so many of the statements given by actual avatars center around some sort of need that was met by their entity. Lots of them even had a positive relationship with the fear that drove them.

Jane Prentiss is an excellent example - the Corruption has always been about a form of toxic and possessive love, but she personally has a deep desire to be “fully consumed by what loves her,” and finds a perverse joy and relief at allowing herself to be a home

Jude Perry is another - she fucking loved watching people’s lives be utterly destroyed. The Desolation only offered her a power of destruction on a grander scale, and then gave her a more intense rush of joy as she did its work. When she tells Jon that he needs to feed the Eye before it feeds on him, it’s almost as an afterthought; she was happily feeding the Desolation long before it burned her into a new existence.

Simon Fairchild. Every time that old loose bag of bones wanders into the picture, he is having a fucking EXCELLENT time playing with the Vast. He loves showing people their own insignificance, and he loves luring them into situations where he can throw them into the void as he smiles and waves.

Peter Lukas (hell, the whole Lukas family (except Evan. RIP Evan.)) hated. people. all he wanted was for them all to go away, to leave him alone. The Lonely only fulfilled that desire.

Daisy, Trevor, and Julia, all devoted to hunting those things they deemed monstrous.

Melanie, holding tight to that bullet in her leg because on some level, she wanted it. It felt good, it felt right, it felt like it fit right alongside the anger and spite that drove her to success.

Annabelle Cane first encountered the Web when she was a child, running away from home in order to tug on her parents’ heartstrings in just the right way to have them wrapped around her little finger. Later on she volunteered to be the subject of an ESP study. Hell, she’s the one who dangled the “Is it really You that wants this?” question over Jon’s head in S4.

And that brings us to Jon, beloved Jarchivist, the Voice that Opened the Door. Ever since he was a child targeted by the Web, he was looking for answers. He joined the Magnus Institute’s Research Department looking for them, he stalked his coworkers in search for them, he broke into Gertrude’s flat and laptop out of desperation for them. And when he realized that all he had to do was Ask to get truthful answers to his questions? It was only natural for him to jump at that opportunity.

Elias told S3 Jon that he did want this, that he chose it, that at every crossroads he kept pushing onwards, and the inner turmoil that caused was one of the focal points for Jon’s character through the rest of the podcast.

There’s a certain line of thinking in many circles about the power of the Devil: he’s not able to create anything new. All he’s able to do is twist and warp that which was already present, making it something ugly and profane while still maintaining the facade of something desirable.

Jon didn’t choose the Eye. But he did wander into its realm of power, exhibiting exactly the qualities it was most capable of hijacking and warping to its own ends. Jon didn’t choose the Apocalypse. But Jonah picked at him little by little, pointing him towards each Fear individually. Jon didn’t want to release the Fears. But the Web tugged on his strings just so and laid a pretty trail for him to follow until he reached its desired conclusion.

Jon didn’t choose ultimate power, or omniscience, or even his own role as Head Archivist. But he said “yes” to the right (wrong?) orders and kept on pushing for the right (wrong?) answers. He wanted to succeed at the work he had been assigned. He wanted to protect his friends. He wanted to rescue them when they were lost. He wanted to prevent the apocalypse, to save the world. He wanted to know why he was still alive, when so many had died right in front of him.

The Great Wheel of Evil Color that is the Entities might not fit as neatly into categories in this universe - maybe there was no Robert Smirke trying to impose strict categories on emotional experiences, or maybe the ways they manifest in the world has turned on its head (goodness knows many of them have been showcased and blended in some very fun and new and horrifying ways so far) - but their fundamental foundations seem to be the same. Hell, in episode one we learned that there had been enough individual incidents to create a distinction between “dolls, watching” and “dolls, human skin.”

Smirke’s Fourteen isn’t going to be relevant as common parlance, RQ said that already, but I don’t think that means the Fears themselves (and their Dream Logic-based rules) are different - I think it means that the levels of understanding, language used, and personal connections among people “in the know” are going to be entirely unfamiliar

[uncanny-tranny]

In political spheres, I so often want to ask, "is what you're doing 'punching up,' or are they just an easily-available, acceptable target?"

[constellation-sapphic]

Kinda fucked (but also kinda the best possible way it could have happened) that I developed a special interest into mormon doctrine, theology, and history AFTER I stopped believing in it.

I know sooooo much more now than I ever did as a believing member. And I think you can only fully acknowledge the history after you've stopped believing so maybe this was the only way I would have learned as much about mormonism as I have

[a-passing-storm]

I did too much drawing and writing so I’m writing with my left hand now, and I’m reminded of how weird it is that I’m ambidextrous.

[kawhump]

I’m starting out with digital art, do you have any tips for beginners? Your art is like amazing so

thank you so much!! I'm very flattered you'd wanna ask me. oh boy, lets see... hmm...

never be afraid to use a tool because its 'cheating.' digital art will offer you a thousand tools that make drawing easier and more fun. it doesn't even waste paper to try all of them. undo and transform are just the tip of the iceberg. I highly recommend messing around with whatever free brushes you can find for your program, as well as all of the options in the drop down menus. also, mess with the layer blending options, I promise they're not as scary as they seem at first and they will change your life.

secondly, if you can find a way to make art more fun, DO IT. you may have to branch out to learn new things, but you also have to make drawing more fun than video games or netflix in order to learn anything. I hate drawing linearts, so I just don't. I love shading and blending and rendering, so I do that a lot. now I wind up making paintings every time I sit down because I get lost in the sauce. even little things like a brush feeling nice to scribble with or bright colors making sketching more fun are worth pursuing.

also, watching speedpaints can be really helpful and fun for learning process and technique things.

that's all I got, I think. sorry for being kinda cheesy, and thank you very much for the ask, I like talking about art :D

[giantkillerjack]

I am trying so hard to learn how to recreate junji ito's style, and I literally think that the line work is so detailed that my poor little crippled wrists are not up to the task

But! I think I have figured out a way to work around that using pre-made cross-hatching brushes in clip studio! Which means hopefully I can focus on getting down the major shapes of his illustrations, and then i can learn how to fill in the ludicrous amount of tiny tiny little lines digitally!

and THEN I am going to draw characters from the video game Don't Starve Together in that style! And vice versa. I would love to draw a cute little chibi of Tomie 😈☠🙀

Time to crack into the file entitled "scary boi jail" that I keep on both my phone and my computer, so I can trace a bunch of panels from Uzumaki.

Happy Twisted Flesh Tuesday, everyone!!

[writtenbygracewilliams]

Peerage & Titles: rank and precedence within the peerage

[Full list of disclaimers is in the master post but tl;dr is that sources for this information are not consistent, sources may be modern, and this may be edited/expanded at anytime as my research continues.]

Sovereign > Royal family > Archbishop of Canterbury > Archbishop of York > Great Officers of State [eg Prime Minister] > Peers

Peers of England > Peers of Scotland > Peers of Great Britain > Peers of the United Kingdom > Peers of Ireland

However, never will a peer of a lower rank precede one of a higher rank [regardless of peerage]

Duke > Marquess > Earl > Viscount > Baron > Baronet

A married woman will always take on the title and precedence of her husband, even if it is her subsequent marriage and/or a lower rank or title.

A dowager peeress precedes the present holder of the same title. For example; Violet precedes Anthony.

A divorced peeress is no longer entitled to the privileges and styles of peeress that their marriage granted them. However, in the case of a Duchess, she may use the title without the The. For example; if they were to divorce, Daphne would go from Your Grace, The Duchess of Hastings to Daphne, Duchess of Hastings. The inclusion of the first name is to differentiate from a future wife of The Duke. If Simon remained unmarried, Daphne may be simply Duchess of Hastings.

Duke > Marquess > Duke’s eldest son > Earl > Marquess’s eldest son > Duke’s younger son(s) > Viscount > Earl’s eldest son > Marquess’s younger son(s) > Baron > Viscount’s eldest son(s) > Earl’s younger son(s) > Baron’s eldest son(s) > Viscount’s younger son(s) > Baron’s younger son(s) > Baronets

Children of the eldest son of a peer have precedence. For example; if Edmund was still alive [meaning Anthony would not yet be Viscount] then it would be Edmund > Violet > Anthony > Baby Edmund II > Benedict > Colin > Gregory > Anthony’s younger son(s)

Daughters take precedence after the eldest son’s wife, but before the younger son(s)’s wives. For example, if Edmund was still alive, Daphne [as Duchess, as she takes her husband’s precedence] Edmund > Violet > Anthony > Kate > Benedict > Colin > Gregory > Eloise > Francesca > Hyacinth > Sophie > Penelope > Lucy.

Canon example, because Anthony is Viscount, Daphne > Violet > Anthony > Kate > Baby Edmund II > Edmund II’s wife > Anthony’s younger son’s > Anthony’s daughters > Anthony’s younger son’s wives > Benedict > Sophie > Colin > Penelope > Gregory > Lucy > Eloise > Francesca > Hyacinth. Much like Daphne, Francesca will outrank Anthony once marrying an Earl.

Let’s all get on the same page about the full ranking/precedence, at the end of s3. Simon > Daphne > Auggie > John > Francesca > Saphne’s younger children (boys first) > Violet > Anthony > Kate > John & Francesca’s hypothetical eldest son would go here > Portia > Baby Polin, Baron Featherington > Baby Edmund II > John & Francesca’s hypothetical younger children (boys first) > Baby Polin’s eldest son > Kanthony’s future children (boys first) > Baby Polin’s younger children > Benedict > Sophie > Colin > Penelope. Polin will be outranked by their grandchildren. [I know that canonically John and Francesca have no children, but I wanted to illustrate].

This one melted my brain a little ngl. Master post here, it’s got general peerage info and links to all my other deep dives. Drop any questions in my ask :)

–GW xo

[proximacentaurib]

Guess who spent 17 hours doing an assignment they didn't think would take more than 5 max

[it-may-be-dull-but-im-determined]

Intermissions were originally because (like DVDs back in the day kids), cinema reels could only manage so much run time and had to be changed (in very early cinema, they had as many as four intermissions to change reels..!). Even as tech improved, in the 50s the 3D stereoscope reels needed a break to be switched out as well. And that's leaving aside the other big plus of intervals that theatres rely on - it's an opportunity to bump profits by selling more food and drink. Afaik, most UK cinemas at least make more profit from that already rather than ticket sales even without intermissions, so it's no small thing to consider bringing them back with longer films taking up more screens as it is.

And intermissions are making a comeback in some cinemas this year specifically - the unexpected success of Oppenheimer and Killers of the Flower Moon have meant that Vue have been trialling intermissions in some of their UK branches for longer screenings, and apparently have had good feedback.

Indian cinema has famously always had intermissions and that's never stopped being a thing! Most Indian films shown in UK cinemas include the intermission as well, and that isn't going anywhere.

(I say this having dithered over booking London Film Festival stuff recently because they were four hours long, with no interval. Steve McQueen's documentary Occupied City - about the legacy of nazi occupation on Amsterdam - I couldn't fit in. But I did indeed rock up for a four hour screening of Menu Plaisirs - Les Troisgrois, in which a 93 year old director spends several months embedded at a historical family run French Michelin restaurant. It's niche to begin with! You could hear people psyching themselves up as they went in (some of them had obviously seen the 3.5 hour KOTFM the previous day) and honestly it was quite entertaining seeing who out of the sold out audience started leaving after the two hour mark. It's super slow and gentle and immersive and it's... Just interesting. You learn stuff. You can absolutely pop out halfway through to visit the bar and the loo and not really miss anything. I think a themed intermission where they make an event of it and serve relevant food & wine would make for an awesome event, but otherwise I just took note of the runtime and stocked up on quiet snacks before I went in and it was fine).

Unpopular theatre opinion: intermissions are bad and I wish we could just have a 2.5 hour performance uninterrupted, like people manage perfectly well at movie theaters. It always just kills my emotional immersion. Set changes and costume changes valid, but the art form could adapt in other ways. Or making the intermission experience somehow also part of the performance? Just something more interesting and intentional than dumping people out into the lobby to buy m&ms.

[pomefioredove]

need overblot boys with epel, and floyd with a reader that randomly lore drops as if they're an old dad like "yeah lol my old school had a shooting once....anyways *SNOREE*" and when asked they just agree and walk away and never elaborate whatsoever💀 if you feel uncomfortable feel free to delete or ignore‼️love ya pookie💥

*ੈ✩‧₊˚ a reader with a backstory

I got u 🫡🫡

summary: wacky reader lore type of post: headcanons characters: riddle, leona, azul, floyd, jamil, vil, epel, idia, malleus additional info: romantic, reader is gender neutral, reader is yuu

you find new ways to raise Riddle's blood pressure every day

little guy is worried enough as it is

you've already got your school work, taking care of Ramshackle, taking care of Grim, taking care of all the other freshmen, taking care of-

well... you get it

the last thing he needs is to hear another one of your stories

"oh, yeah, that's like the time I got stabbed"

"????? WHAT??"

what's entertaining to you and ADeuce is mortifying to Riddle

if you're not careful you'll end up sleeping on the floor in his room

where he can keep a close eye on you

*ੈ✩‧₊˚

you're like Leona's little court jester

and he takes you with him everywhere

it's not easy to get a genuine laugh out of him, after all

besides, what's so bad about a little dark humor? it's not like you died or anything

he knows you're a resilient little thing

and you seem to love telling him about "that time you crawled into a drainage pipe", anyway

you make him laugh; he likes you

*ੈ✩‧₊˚

Azul indulges you

his white noise machine stopped working last month and you make for excellent background ambience

so, he lets you talk yourself in circles about your school work, your friends, Grim, Grim again

and then you drop the most HEINOUS bombshells in the middle

"blah blah blah Grim, blah blah Crowley, blah blah, that one time I got lost in the woods for a day, blah blah-"

he loses his train of thought every time

now, Floyd is the complete opposite

he will hyperfocus on the most mundane details

and ignore the bombshells

will give you an, "oh, that's cool" to your ghost story but will find you the pair of socks you mentioned liking three months ago

*ੈ✩‧₊˚

Jamil is just fascinated by you

you as a person, of course

but also the fact that you're still alive

one night, he's explaining the reason he makes all of Kalim's food and you're like

"oh, yeah, I get it. I got mold poisoning once and hallucinated for a week"

?????

then you go right back to asking him about the recipe

sitting on the counter, as happy as could be

"HOW ARE YOU STILL ALIVE!!!"

*ੈ✩‧₊˚

Vil is used to this

he knows that look on your face

he will shush you with a finger to your lips before you even start

"don't tell me, I'm stressed enough as it is"

he's going to break out if you keep at it

he finds you quite... macabre

which is entertaining until he sees you going down a flight of stairs without holding onto the railing and remembers all those stories you'd told him

he's just... concerned for you, that's all

and he does NOT appreciate Epel for encouraging it

"tell us more about the time you fell down that hill into that pile of rocks, Prefect!"

:D

like a kid in a candy store

learning new Lore is like the highlight of his week

*ੈ✩‧₊˚

"talk about having a high luck stat..."

Idia is more entertained than anything

he thought these kinds of things only happened in anime, but...

...there you are

it sounds like you experience more in a single month than he has in his whole life

and you know what?

GOOD

you can keep your freaky real-world experiences!

he'll just live vicariously through you

*ੈ✩‧₊˚

poor Malleus

he's been putting so much effort into learning and blending with human culture, and now here you are with your terrifying stories

you tell him in such earnest, too

you seem so... unbothered by it

perhaps humans are less fragile than he thought?

of course, he shouldn't have underestimated you in the first place :)!

then you come over for dinner one night

"hahah, yeah, last time I was at someone's house their grandma threw a lamp at my head and I got a concussion"

Silver and Sebek both go >_>

Lilia goes <_<

and then Malleus is there like, "ah, another fascinating tale :)"

[hurryupmerlin]

One of the funniest fucking things is that by now I figured out there are like 5 shippers on the entire internet that actually create content for this burning trash pile of an OTP. I am number 6.

The rest (about 25 people) just consume the content, but don't interact. And that's it, that's the entire Fi/Ordo fandom.

I worked with less before, I can do this

[sometimes-amazing]

Does anyone else have that moment where people are talking about something super specific and you are resisting the urge to blurt out every single fact that you know about the subject? All because you spent like an entire hour researching it in a moment of brief hyperfocus and/or insomnia ages ago but don’t want to seem like an asshole so you pretend you only know a little bit. BUT also you really want to just talk about it because you never get to talk about it and no one will ever ask.

[radioactivespiderblood]

The last one is from the "run out of samples" rant. It's so funny how amused Sulu looks. Like, yep that's my buddy.

Also 3 and 4 are from The Naked Time and Shore Leave respectively but I feel like those are pretty easy.

How the TOS crew is spending the holidays

(Original Post)