#apartment solarpunk

[practicalsolarpunk]

Hello I was wondering if you had any advice for solar punk dwellers that live in apartments. I always see all these cool add-ons to houses to make life more sustainable, but a lot of them I can't really do while living in an apartment. Also my apartment is fully indoors so it doesn't have a balcony where I can put stuff outside. However, I have started an indoor garden.

Hi! Indoor gardening is a fantastic place to start. Beyond that, it can really depend on what you're interested in. If gardening is really your thing, see what kind of gardening resources are around! Is there a community garden in your area that you could participate in? Would your apartment complex be interested in letting you start a garden for the complex? (They may be more interested than you might think - it's an amenity they can promote to future tenants, it engages current tenants, and they don't have to pay for landscaping on the area you turned into a garden.) If you have a lot of gardening experience, are there people in the area who want to learn that you could work with? If you're new to gardening, is there someone in your local Food Not Lawns group who would be willing to teach you more in exchange for some work on their garden?

Speaking of Food Not Lawns, see what other groups are around in your area that you could get involved in. Food Not Bombs, Freecycle, and Buy Nothing are other good groups to look for. There's also likely groups specific to your area - you may be able to find them by searching on Facebook, but more likely by connecting with other people at one of these bigger groups and asking.

Beyond that, I highly recommend cooking, mending and sewing (see our #mending, #mend and make do, and #sewing tags), and building some community. Meet your neighbors and get to know them! (I love cooking as a vehicle for this - humans often bond over food, and bringing over cookies or inviting them to share some homemade soup is a great way to connect.) You could start a free pantry in your apartment complex or building, or talk about a tenants' union. You can also try similar stuff at work, like a Breakroom Free Box. If politics is more your speed, you can do some activism (see our #activism tag) or even get involved with local political organizations and push them to be more progressive. Especially in local politics, one person can make a big difference.

For more ideas, we also have the following tags:

#apartment solarpunk

#dorms and small spaces

#community building

#mutual aid

#fiber crafts

#diy

I'd also encourage you to check out this post and this post, which are previous answers to similar questions.

I hope this gives you some places to start. If you have more specific questions, feel free to send in another ask!

- Mod J

[solar-sunnyside-up]

Recently I was forced to face a truth about myself, one which I cannot unlearn and has like many other truths has forced me to reframe how I go about my life.

I am not built to be fast.

I am not built to multitask, I am not built for the shortcuts I must take to have speed.

On my most recent day off I ran an experiment, I took things at my own pace.

I didn't multitask and just let things go as I felt they should.

It took me 5 hours to complete the first task of the day, took me 20 minutes to walk when it normally took my 5, it took me sooooo long.

Now, ive shared my findings with a few ppl, and at first glance you might feel the same way too. "Oh your not slow! It's ok!" As if it's some character flaw.

And doesn't that say a lot about the current state of things that this realization was met with so much hostility?

There is no moral judgements to be made about our natural rhythms.

My husband is at 2x speed all the time. He needs to multitasking and have rewards lined up to function he needs to feel the adrenaline in his body to get moving. He needs all his senses engaged and that how he best experiences things. That's just what he needs! And he should get it!

I need to be able to walk slowly and watch the clouds blow past and the flowers bloom and open up, I need my mail to take weeks and to savor the sunlight warmth. I take an entire weekend to make a Chilli, and days to make stock. I need to watch my plants grow and the moons phases to say hello to me. To watch shows and stretch afterwards without the clock ticking away down my throat.

I can find peace in people being on different cycles then me, the major thing for me was realizing what my own was in the first place.

[bumblebeeappletree]

So even though this is more spring/summer like, I’ve been thinking Bout apartments. There’s a video saying that four stories is the maximum where people can still feel a part of the street as you can still hear the goings on and stuff. And if you have a courtyard inside there’s a space of “oh let’s be a bit more quiet”. So I was thinking that there could be wildflowers, some bushes and trees outside the apartment that people could walk by and grab whatever fruit that’s growing and ripe. While inside the courtyard is a bit more maintained for the folks who have pets and kids who wanna run around. And on the roof there’s solar panels angled for snow and rain to fall off. Perhaps underneath that solar panels the roof has a community garden for the people in the apartments. Probably use rainwater and snowmelt for the apartments, and then use grey water for the plants in the courtyard. Maybe have a bio system for black water treatment? Each apartment has a balcony, and they can have sun shades for the windows that’s in the direct line of the sun in the summer to help with the passive cooling and heating. And underneath there’s a good sturdy basement for things such as tornadoes or just plain ol’ get togethers. Maybe that can be where the community kitchen could be too. I’m also thinking that each doorway is tall enough for someone who’s like 6’5” could comfortably walk through while the doorways, hallways, and walkways are large enough for someone who’s using the world’s biggest wheelchair could confidently do a u-turn in. Some apartments are formatted for wheelchair users while every unit has accessibility features like a seat in the shower you can put up or down or a bathtub you can easily get in and out. And yes the elevator will have braille as well as the signs for each apartment. Maybe the building materials will be hempcrete. Ideally reusable materials from old buildings and the like to give them new life. I’d also like to ensure the building is good against floods, tornadoes, fire, earthquakes, and the like. Pretty sure that’s what everyone wants to do lol.

Just some ideas I’ve been thinking about. Been dreaming on making an Solarpunk apartment building. Made a sketch to kinda get a feel for what I want.

[thoughtportal]

Thirty years ago, a group of friends in British Columbia set out to create a new kind of ecovillage—and they built it under glass. Located 30 miles south of Vancouver, WindSong is Canada’s first cohousing community, designed with pedestrian streets covered by a greenhouse-style roof.

[hirrrioo]

This is how its going so far, apartment garden time!! I didnt label them but i know generally where everything is. I planted some carrots, lavender(dont really know how this one is gonna turn out), lettuce, tomatoes, basil, and chamomile(im very excited about this one). I think for the most part i'm going to keep these plants inside until maybe the tomatoes get too large. I have grow lights and a heating pad in the mail currently. And as you can see i have a bag of spouting potatoes that i never touched from months ago, not sure what im going to do with them right now, i do not have a large enough pot for those. I am getting a few more larger rectangular pots that I'm going to transplant some strawberries into, i hope those are good.

[moons-of-weedclan]

Loreeeee post

I feel the need to stress, this world is set in the future. It’s been A While. A LONG While.

Lets say the zombieness started spreading around modern day. A lot of people died, but humans have been living on for a while! It was mostly localized to the biggest cities. There were precautionary measures, the infected were taken out and studied. It wasn’t an apocalypse, it was a pandemic. The world didn’t just stop spinning instantly. It died slowly.

People could still live freely. But it was miserable. Things only got worse and worse. But it was livable.

Until recently (recent enough for kittypets to still exist) when there just. Weren’t enough people to operate society. Not enough people to ship cargo, not enough people to operate the ships carrying that cargo, not enough people to MAKE or MAINTAIN the ships, create the FUEL for it, so on. Without imports, and food rotting quickly in stores, fabric decaying, and anybody that isn’t a rancher with access to farm animals. A lot of people didn’t last. A lot of people didn’t know HOW to do this stuff.

As of this point in the comic, humans are mostly gone. There are a few left, just the descendants of those who could afford to survive. They get to hide away in a bunker, eating canned food. There are a lucky few, living in the more isolated parts of the world, who still live above ground. Maybe there’s a society of boat people who live off fish and their own gardens, and they use sustainable energy to power their boats. Or something. Who knows.

People aren’t dying anywhere near as often as they used to. But the world still isn’t healing yet.

[morerogue]

Oxygen Room by Mintflavorr

[tacofriend]

Something that I think should be an important part of solarpunk aesthetics is screws.

Look at your smartphone. No screws. You've got to have specialized tools to get inside your phone to repair something. There are certain pieces of tech that are glued in place and glue can't be undone without permanently breaking the bond.

But screws!

You can take apart a broken old radio, repair what's broken, and, if you were careful in taking it apart, you can put it back together and have a fully functioning radio and all you need is a common screwdriver!

It's hard to build screws and other mechanical fasteners because it requires more planning than clamps and glues, but isn't that what solarpunk is all about‽ It's about care and sustainability and and a radio or a computer built carefully with repair in mind is a sustainable computer that stays out of landfills and in use.

[jasperthehatchet]

I made some solarpunk soda tab jewelry!! Again. And I'm making more. (Image ID at the bottom of he post)

A choker, a pair of earrings, a belt/waist chain and some bracelets using 100% thrifted/recycled materials! The choker and the bracelets have two layers so that the sharp aluminum edges on the back of the tabs aren't making contact with skin, you can kinda see it in the pictures. Here are more pictures:

[Image ID: 8 images. The first one shows a choker made out of soda tabs, with black cord weaved through it forming x shapes. There's a silver spike charm hanging from every other tab about an inch apart from each other. Im in the picture wearing the choker, my face is not in frame but my pale as fuck neck is visible and so is my dark brown hair.

The second image shows a pair of clip-on earrings laying on a sage green background. Each earring is made of 6 soda tabs weaved into a flower shape with green yarn, and three dangles hanging from the bottom. The dangles are made of a wire link with a black bead on in and a silver spike charm hanging from that. The same spike charms I used for the choker.

The third image shows a 2 ft 7 inch long belt chain made of the soda tab flowers from the earring image. Each flower is made of six tabs weaved together with the same green yarn but they yarn fades to yellow towards the end of the chain. 16 soda tab flowers are linked together with large jump rings and there are large silver clasps on each end to attach to a belt.

The forth image is my hand wearing a black compression brace and two soda tab bracelets. They are weaved together the same way as the choker, with the cord forming x shapes, but the cord is orange and not black. The bracelets are the same size, 8 inches long when laying flat including the clasp. There are two layers of soda tabs which makes the bracelet a little thicker.

The next 2 images shows a dress form wearing the belt chain from two different angles. It had a black skirt with a soda tab belt, with various spikey chains hanging from it. There's a black strip of grommet tape hanging on the right side of the belt and my soda tab flower belt chain hanging on the left side.

The next image shows one of the bracelets at and angle so the double layers are visible, and the last image shows the bracelets, the choker, and an unfinished soda tab choker with green ribbon weaved through it all laying flat on a sage green background. End ID]

[practicalsolarpunk]

Hello! I live in a very small efficiency apartment where there is not a lot of wi dow space/the window is glued shut and the land is exclusively owned and maintained by the company. What can I do to incorporate more solarpunk practices into my life? Are there any plants that can still grow well indoors? I'm afraid to start up a water station or anything like that outside because I'm afraid maitenance will mess with it/remove it. Would it be better for me to do something like knitting/embroidery that I can more easily do indoors?

Hello! As a fellow apartment-dweller with not a lot of window space currently, I feel your struggle here. If you're concerned that maintenance will mess with anything you put outside, then it probably is best to focus on things you can do indoors. However, there are quite a few things you can do indoors!

Plants: If you're looking for experience growing things, there are a variety of plants that grow well indoors and with low light - here's one list. (I've heard spider plants and snake plants recommended to beginners a lot, but I've never personally grown either.)

Fiber crafts: If you're more interested in crafts like knitting and embroidery, go for it! I also recommend people who are interested in those types of things learn about mending as well - it's a great way to extend the life of your old clothes (and other things made of fabric) and reduce the amount you need to buy.

Cooking: Cooking is a great skill to have, but it can be a challenge in an efficiency apartment. If you have a cooktop or a crock pot, you can look for simple recipes that you can make with the space and tools you have.

Building community: One of the foundations of solarpunk is that it's about community. My favorite way to start, especially in apartments, is by meeting the neighbors. Introducing yourself is a great way to open a relationship. Tying in with the previous idea, if your entire building is full of efficiencies and you can cook a big batch of something in a crock pot, that's a great excuse to have some neighbors over for a home-cooked meal.

Share: Part of building community, it doesn't require any outdoor space. You and your neighbors could put together a shared pantry in your building. You could start a Free Box at your workplace. Talk to the people around you - what do they need?

Get involved: Solarpunk isn't just about growing plants and mending clothes - there's also an activism component that is how we change society as a whole. Volunteer with an organization doing things you care about. Find a local mutual aid group (here's some tips for how to find them) and see what you can do to get involved. Start your own mutual aid project. The size of your apartment is irrelevant if you're out doing things.

Research: Not being able to do things outside right now doesn't mean you can't learn about them. And many of those "big picture" ideas have a lot of concepts that can apply to the efficiency apartment life. Looking into the "7 R's" or permaculture can help you come up with ideas for more things you can do.

Also if you're really set on doing stuff outdoors, don't necessarily discount it, especially if you plan to be in this apartment for a while! You can propose outdoor projects to your apartment complex's manager. They may be more receptive than you think, especially if you can spin it to sound beneficial to them. (If you're proposing a community garden for residents, for example, it could be a draw for new residents, convince current residents to stay, be managed by you the residents so they don't have to do much to maintain it, and they won't have to pay their landscapers to mow/maintain that space anymore.)

Check out more ideas in these tags:

#apartment solarpunk

#dorms and small spaces

#community building

#activism

#fiber crafts

There's also some additional tips in this post and this post, which are earlier responses to similar asks.

I hope this helps! Followers, feel free to chime in with your best tips!

- Mod J

[solar-sunnyside-up]

Okay so you know about Earthships right? Ngl I love their designs, they’re meant to be art. But my biggest concern is the fact they use old tires. I looked it up and tires release a gas over time, and I just worry about the inhabitants of those types of Earthships. I think they do work best in the desert because they can mold up more easily than your conventional building, but like, what could they use instead of used tires in the back?

Do I know about earthships?? They've been my dream house since I was 5yr old!!!

And on my actual post about earthships ppl still comment saying this about the tire problem, and I know it's a problem! I do! There's plenty of alternatives to the tires as filling for the walls these days, most of them that where built with tires was pre-2008 anyway (and they have found zero proof of anything leaking around them within the 40 years they've been there due to the wall sealing proccess)

Now disclaimer- like you said most earthships are styled for the desert or hot climates. There are ones built for cold temptress such as in Canada and in northern Europe, usually with larger green areas and shell as well as things like extra storage for power and heat sinks and much more complex heating systems. They're fun to look into and I encourage it!

But here's some alternatives:

Haybales-

This one actually has historically been used! Hay bales (and other packed dry grasses) have been used across the world and across centuries. From tranditional UK cob houses to Asian style housing to plenty of places in Southern America and island regions as well!! Mixing straw and mud in particular has been a way to insulate and make things fire-resistant for ages and has been seen in some form by most cultures. Some of the original structures still exist today which speaks to how solid it is!

Cinderblocks/hallow concrete refilled up-

This one also has some historical president, but the filling in between the gaps seems to be a newer addition. Taking cinderblocks or having a hallow concrete wall that's later filled with the same packed dirt and then covered with the same plaster works just as well. Sometimes even better if the concrete goes waaaay down and used strategically as a heat sink which are common in earthships.

Stone/brick walls- just extra extra thick-

This is also useful if your in a region like say the Canadian sheild where there is a lot of stone to work with. The larger the stones the better, but also common brick walls that are simply the sake thickness as the rest of the these walls would work fine.

Additionally, some places in hotter climates use ceramic tiles on the external walls and in places like bathroom/kitchens to help regulate the temptress as it takes in the heat while not heating the area around it.

[southernsolarpunk]

I think we a group need to consider what the early “zero waste” movement did in the 2010s. You know. They’d keep “all” their waste in a glass jar, live in a nice apartment somewhere in LA where they had easy access to a refill store and didn’t stop to consider that just existing in the US creates waste they couldn’t see.

I remember watching a video in 9th grade (around 2013) about a chick who did that and even then I was like “that’s bullshit” and it really turned me off the zero waste movement.

The inherent classism of a lot of zero waste purists created a wall between me and them, where instead of them admitting their privilege, they simply said “anyone can do this”. Most people can’t. A zero waste refill store does not exist in my state! Sure, I could try online but this is 1. More expensive- something my dirt poor family could not do at the time and 2. Creates more carbon emissions!

This isn’t to say zero waste is bad- it’s simply a standard most Americans can’t reach. I think this is why I’m so drawn to solarpunk, because I think solarpunk recognizes the classism that is in a lot of eco-friendly products and movements (something I do think is being addressed- I’ve seen more affordable products now than I did in high school). Solarpunk includes diy- reusing packaging that many of us still have to buy because we can’t afford the eco-friendly version.

Idk I just had some thoughts

[bumblebeeappletree]

Shajan Velaeden is an optometrist by day and “plant daddy” by night. Living in the Melbourne CBD there’s few opportunities for having a garden but Shajan bought his apartment for the unusually large courtyard. Inside and out is full of beautiful plant collections from highly prized aroids to unusual caudex and succulent plants. It’s a calming green haven to come home to after a busy of day at work.

“When you enter you just get this whiff of fresh air, of plants, the room smell is actually sort of relaxing. I say hi to the plants every morning and evening, they’re sort of like your little babies, and so each time when you come home you see the new growth or new bloom you get excited.”

Shajan grew up in Singapore with his identical twin brother and two sisters. “I was born to mixed parentage, my dad’s Indian my mum’s Chinese so we always had a very interesting of both the Indian and the Chinese side of the family… Mum loves orchids, she has a whole collection of orchids and I remember growing up she had this whole row of plants that she would grow and she would get us to water the plants when she gets to work. That’s probably where [my interest] stems from.”

Inside his home is a vertical wall full of anthuriums, philodendrons and orchids, favourite plants that he can look at every day such as the dark purple Anthurium luxurians x papillilaminum or the long, leathery leaves of Anthurium veitchii x ‘Red Beauty’. The structure is a 1000kg load bearing garage shelf. “You want to invest in something that lasts a long while. And because all the plants have a water reservoir they are pretty heavy.” The extra humidity can also lead to rust, so he made sure the steel was powder coated too.

There’s also a paludarium – “a mini ecosystem where it has its own climate. Majority of the plants used in here are carnivorous plants because they are quite small, they don’t grow big, minimal maintenance is required.” It’s also full of mini orchids, begonias, ferns, and mosses loving the tropical environment created by the pool of water and heat from a grow light.

Shajan’s courtyard is home to a large succulent and cacti collection to make the most of the sun and fresh air. Some of his favourites include the Medusa’s head euphorbia and the Mexican boulder (Beaucarnea hookeri syn. Calibanus hookeri) - “it has a nice, beautiful caudex below, like a soccer ball, part of it gets buried underground. But what’s so beautiful about it is this long, wiry, blue-green leaves” adding lots of texture and a different colour to the collection.

The courtyard also has a glasshouse for “ugly beautiful” succulents and caudex plants. “The more gnarly, knobby, arrow shaped they are the more I see the beauty in them. I like things that are just oddly shaped and the more oddly shaped they are the more beautiful to me.”

“It gives you that rewarding and satisfying vision every day that you come back [home]. The wall is actually alive, it’s changing every day, makes you transcend to another world.”

[skylobster]

Genius!

I'm living in a flat without balcony on the second floor. I'm not allowed to modify the building stock, like drilling holes into exterior walls. Nonetheless, I want to use solar energy to cover the base load of my flat. Over the last couple months I developed a DIY solution to accomplish just that. A solar panel is clamped into a window embrasure with a telescopic rod. The power is carried through the window into my flat with a special flat conductor.

This is a work in progress, so please visit the project documentation at https://hackaday.io/project/192011-window-mount-for-solar-panels if you are interested.

[mostlysignssomeportents]

The FTC has Big Pharma’s number

On November 27, I'm appearing at the Toronto Metro Reference Library with Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen.

On November 29, I'm at NYC's Strand Books with my novel The Lost Cause, a solarpunk tale of hope and danger that Rebecca Solnit called "completely delightful."

The most consistent bright spot in the dark swirl of US politics is the competence of the Biden Administration's progressive enforcers: people like Rohit Chopra, Jonathan Kanter and Lina Khan, who keep demonstrating just how far a good administrator can go. Anyone can have a vision, but knowing how to execute is the difference between hot air and real change:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/10/23/getting-stuff-done/#praxis

Take a minute to contrast Biden's administrators with Trump's: Trump's administrators had an ideological vision just as surely as Biden's do, and Trump himself had a much more pronounced and explicit ideology than Biden, whose governance style is much more about balancing the Democratic Party's blocs than bringing about a specific set of policies:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/03/06/personnel-are-policy/#janice-eberly

But whatever clarity of vision the Trump administration brought to DC was completely undermined by its incompetence (thankfully!). Apart from one gigantic tax break, Trump couldn't get stuff done. He couldn't deliver, because he'd lose his temper or speak out of turn:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/11/14/when-youve-lost-the-fedsoc/#anti-buster-buster

And his administrators followed his lead. Scott Pruitt was appointed to run the EPA after a career spent suing the agency. It could have been the realization of his life's dream to dismantle environmental law in America and open the floodgates for unlimited, wildly profitable corporate pollution and pillaging. But the dream died because he kept getting embroiled in absurd scandals – like the time he sent his staffers out to drive around all night looking for a good deal on a used mattress:

https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/epa-s-pruitt-told-aide-obtain-old-mattress-trump-hotel-n879836

Or his insistence on installing a CIA-style "Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility" (SCIF) so he could play super-spy while reading memos:

https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/26/politics/epa-administrator-scott-pruitt-sound-proof-booth-scif/index.html

Or the time he sent his security detail to the Ritz-Carlton to demand that they supply him lots of little bottles of his favorite hand-cream:

https://www.vox.com/2018/6/7/17439044/scott-pruitt-ritz-carlton-moisturizing-lotion

There were other examples in the Trump administration, but Priutt is such a good case-study. He's like a guy who spent his whole life training to compete in the Olympics, and finally got a shot, only to be disqualified for ordering too much room-service in the Olympic Village. Priutt was wildly ambitious, but he was profoundly undisciplined – and wildly incompetent.

Compare that with Biden's progressive enforcers and agency heads, who showed up on the first day of work with an encyclopedic knowledge of their administrative powers, and detailed plans for using them to transform the lives of the American people for the better:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/10/18/administrative-competence/#i-know-stuff

The Biden administration's competence translates into action, getting stuff done. Maybe that shouldn't surprise us, given the difference between the stories that reactionaries and progressives tell about where change comes from.

In reactionary science fiction, we enter the realm of the "Competent Man" story. Think of a Heinlein hero, who is "able to change a diaper, plan an invasion, butcher a hog, conn a ship, design a building, write a sonnet, balance accounts, build a wall, set a bone, comfort the dying, take orders, give orders, cooperate, act alone, solve equations, analyse a new problem, pitch manure, program a computer, cook a tasty meal, fight efficiently, die gallantly."

In Competent Man stories, a unitary hero steps into the breach and solves the problem – if not single-handedly, then as the leader of others, whose lesser competence is a base metal that the Competent Man hammers into a tempered blade:

https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Creator/RobertAHeinlein

Contrast this with a progressive tale, like, say, Kim Stanley Robinson's Ministry For the Future, where the Competent Man is replaced by the Competent Administration, in which people of goodwill and technical competence figure out how to join forces to create population-scale architectures of participation that allow every person to contribute their skills and perspective:

https://pluralistic.net/2020/12/03/ministry-for-the-future/#ksr

The right's whole ideology insists that the world can only be saved by Competent Men. As Corey Robin writes in The Reactionary Mind, the unifying factor that binds together conservative factions from monarchists to racists to Christian Dominionists is the belief that a few of us are born to rule, and the rest to be ruled over:

https://pluralistic.net/2020/05/25/mafia-logic/#mafia-logic

The Reaganite insistence that governments are, by their very nature, incompetent and malign ("The nine most terrifying words in the English language are, 'I’m from the government, and I’m here to help'"), means that conservatives deny the possibility of a Competent Administration.

When conservatives take office and proceed to bungle the most basic elements of administration, they're fulfilling their own campaign narrative, which starts with "We must dismantle the government because it is bad at everything." Conservatives who govern badly prove their own point, which explains a lot about the UK Tory Party's long run of governmental failure and electoral success:

https://apnews.com/article/uk-suella-braverman-fired-cabinet-shuffle-7ea6c89306a427cc70fba75bc386be79

There's a small mercy in the fact that so many of the most ideologically odious and extreme conservative governments are so technically incompetent in governing, and thus accomplish so little of their agendas.

But the inverse – the incredible competence of the best progressive administrators – is nothing short of a delight to witness. Here's the latest example to cross my path: the FTC has intervened in a lawsuit over generic insulin pricing, on an issue that is incredibly technically specific and also fantastically important:

https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/ftc-blasts-pharmas-abuse-fda-patent-system-sanofi-mylans-insulin-monopoly-lawsuit

The underlying case is before the FDA, and it concerns the dirty tricks that pharma giant Sanofi used to keep Mylan from making a generic version of Mylan's Lantus insulin after its patent expired.

There's an explicit bargain in patents: inventors can enlist the government to punish their rivals for copying their ideas, but in exchange, the government demands that the inventor has to describe how the invention works in a detailed patent filing, and when the patent expires, 20 years later, rivals can use the patent application as instructions for freely copying and selling the invention. In other words: you get 20 years of exclusive rights in return for facilitating your competitors' copying and selling your invention when the 20 years are up.

Pharma doesn't like this, naturally: not content with 20 years of exclusivity, they want the government to step in and punish their competitors forever. In service to that end, pharma companies have perfected a process called evergreening, where they dribble out ancillary patents after their initial filing, covering minor reformulations, delivery systems, or new uses.

Evergreening got a moment in the public eye earlier this year, with John Green's viral campaign to shame Johnson & Johnson out of using evergreening to restrict poor countries' access to TB medication:

https://armandalegshow.com/episode/john-green-part-1/

The story of pharma is that it commands gigantic profits, but it invests those profits into medicines that save our lives. The reality is that most of the key underlying pharma research is publicly funded (by Competent Administrators who apportion funding to promising scientific inquiry). Pharma companies' most inventive genius is devoted to inventing new evergreening tactics:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/10/19/solid-tumors/#t-cell-receptors

That's where the FTC comes in, in this Sanofi-Mylan case. To facilitate the production of generic, off-patent drugs, the FDA maintains a database called the "Orange Book," where pharma companies are asked to enumerate all the ancillary patents associated with a product whose patent is expiring. That way, generics manufacturers who make their own version of these public domain drugs and therapeutics don't accidentally stumble over one of those later patents – say, by replicating a delivery system or special coating that is still in patent.

This is where the endless, satanic inventiveness of the pharma sector comes in. You see, US law provides for triple damages for "willful patent infringement." If you are a generics manufacturer eyeing up a drug whose patent is about to expire and you are notified that some other patents might be implicated in your plans, you must ensure that you don't accidentally infringe one of those patents, or face business-destroying statutory damages.

So pharma companies stuff the Orange Book full of irrelevant patent claims they say may be implicated in a generic manufacture program. Each of these claims has to be carefully evaluated, both by a scientific team and a legal team, because patents are deliberately obfuscated in the hopes of tricking an inattentive patent examiner into granting patents for unpatentable "inventions":

https://blueironip.com/patents-that-hide-the-ball/

What's more, when a pharma giant notifies the FDA that it has ancillary patents that are relevant to the Orange Book, this triggers a 30-month delay before a generic can be marketed – adding 2.5 years to the 20 year patent term. That delay is sometimes enough to cause a manufacturer to abandon plans to market a generic drug – so the delay isn't 2.5 years, it's infinite.

This is a highly technical, highly consequential form of evergreening. It's obscure as hell, and requires a deep understanding of patent obfuscation, ancillary patent filings, generic pharma industry practice, and the FDA's administrative procedures.

Sanofi's Orange Book entry for Lantus insulin listed 50 related patent claims. Of these, 48 were invalidated through "inter partes" review (basically the Patent Office decided they shouldn't have allowed these claims to be included on a patent). Neither of the remaining two claims were found to be relevant to the manufacture of generic Lantus.

This is where the FTC's filing comes in: their amicus brief doesn't take a position whether Sanofi's Orange Book entries were fraudulent, but they do ask the FDA to intervene to prevent Orange Book stuffing because "improper listings can cause significant harm to competition and consumers."

This is the kind of boring, technical, important stuff that excellent administrators can do. The FTC's brief is notice to the FDA that it should amend its procedures to ban (and punish) Orange Book abuse. That will make it possible for you, a person who needs medicine, to get that medicine more cheaply and quickly. In America's pay-for-use privatized healthcare hellscape, this could be a life-or-death matter.

There's plenty of things the Biden administration is getting very, very badly wrong, but we shouldn't lose sight of how its progressive wing is making real, lasting change for the better. Competent Administrations are the true peoples' champions. They beat Competent Men every time.

If you'd like an essay-formatted version of this post to read or share, here's a link to it on pluralistic.net, my surveillance-free, ad-free, tracker-free blog:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/11/23/everorangeing/#taste-the-rainbow

[kurimuri100]

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