#RTO+P

[bradyoil]

Lessons in Boldness from Steve Red, President/Co-CCO of RTO+P.

Steve Red, Chief Creative Officer and co-founder of Red Tettemer O’Connell + Partners, gives a candid chat about creating bold, unforgettable campaigns that cut through the noise. Steve pulls back the curtain on the agency’s most iconic work—like the hilariously disruptive “Dietz Nuts” Super Bowl spot with Craig Robinson, and reveals the creative principles that fuel their success. With a blend…

[moodymisty]

Jagh in leather has consumed my mind. Help. -Ms. L

Author's note: ok. so it's not leather, but how about a super tight armoring suit? that's a similar ass hugging material, right?

Relationships: Jaghatai/Fem!Reader

Warnings: NSFW, Breeding kink, Creampie, Jaghatai’s nice ass in a tight armoring suit,

You briefly hear the Chogoran word for lady called out as you pass by a few serfs, but you choose to completely ignore it in your rush.

Jaghatai is back, and you race to the armoring room like death is on your heels to see him. You know he'll be there taking off his wargear- it's usually the first stop he and any of his men make when they return to Chogoris, quite eager to rid themselves of weeks buildup of sweat and dirt-

You’re only stopped at the entrance rto thr room by a few White Scars who smile knowingly at you, before letting you by. You give them a discontent glare for holding you up, but only once you're past them and can't see.

In the room at center display you can see Jahahti just having the last pieces of his armor taken off; mechanical arms and serfs working in tandem to unarmor the primarch. He watches them with a bored curiosity, as the scurry around him with pieces of ceramite far heavier than most of them can comfortably carry.

You notice quite quicly that the dark grey of his armoring suit leaves little to the imagination, forming to his body with a near perfect seal. It forms around him as a second skin; If you look closely, you think you can just see the outline of his cock on his stomach.

Just as your eyes had begun to wander downward however, does he catch your attention with a small laugh.

“Ahh my little wife, you’re impatient. You ran all the way here?”

You nod, a bit out of breath still. Jaghatai chuckles at the flushed heat of your skin a few the way that all the sudden, eye contact seems quite difficult-

“I promise you I will be with you in a moment. Go back to our room and get ready.”

With your heart racing to an encore you turn around, the fabric of your chogorian robes billowing behind you as you race back to your shared quarters.

“So Impatient,”

Your mouth is muffled by the rough pillow as the fabric presses against your lips, sliding forward just a bit with each thrust. He's pulled you back closer three different times now, but you lack any strength go fight against his own.

“I’m surprised you’re not with child yet.”

You’ve already come three times now, and you feel a forth rising in you like a near painful tide that trails from your lower gut downward. Jaghatai fucks you an untenable stamina, his cum leaking down your thighs and coating your outer lips in a sticky mess. Yet despite the pain of nearly overstimulation you still want more, begging and pleading with what little voice you can still muster.

“P-Please…”

You whine, drool pooling on the waterline of your bottom lip. Your back arches dramatically to rise to the height of his hips, as Jaghatai hovers over you and covers your body in his shadow. He traps you in a stuffy heat of his own sweat and musk, the humid air filling your sore lungs.

The base of his cock is the thickest, and he drives himself into you in quick thrusts that have his hips slapping against your ass and the base of his cock stretching you to your widest. His balls slap against your clit that throbs near painfully, and any touch might render you more of a mess from the sheer overstimulation.

You missed him so much, you thought you’d be able to keep a handle on yourself and wait till the late evening, but the sight of him in his armoring suit and done something to you. The outline of his cock, the way his upper thighs thickened, the shape of his ass when he briefly looked away.

Jaghatai groans as he feels you tighten around him, coming for the fourth time despite how it felt like it had to be torn and clawed from you. You’d want to think there would be no way you could come again, but he often had a way of making you. If the mood- and time- we're on his side, Jaghatai could make you suffer for hours.

“You’re not going to let me leave you, are you,”

He jokes about how you tighten around him like a vice- but you can hear the strain in his voice beyond his jests.

His hips stutter rapidly thrusts uneven, and his hands on your hips are tighter. He groans, shoving himself deep enough inside that you feel his cockhead pressing against the swollen part just before your cervix. The heat of his cum fills your lower stomach- you can feel his cock twitch inside of you every few moments as he lets out a content groan.

When he pulls out from you, laughing at the little squeal you give as his fat cockhead stretches your entrance out as he leaves, your legs fully give you and you fall into the bed. A fat bead of cum slips from you and slides down your folds, and you’re sure if you bore down at all plenty more would leak from you in a lewd display.

“Are you content now, little one?”

You nod, letting out a pleased, exhausted sigh. You might be settled for thr time being, but after months of missing him, you both know the satisfaction won't last for very long.

Jaghatai chuckles, and kisses your temple.

"Rest a bit- I'll return to you again once I check on my men."

[zombiemonroe]

Part 2? 3? of me justificating a fucking bitch.

The first part is here

Adding to the thought, this "he'll be fine", "he'll learn" "he'll get redeemed" is a lie. Why? Because he's lonely.

THERAPY ISN'T FOR EVERYBODY. ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU'RE IN PRISON AND ALONE

First of all, let's get two things out of the way.

1- I sympathise with Bill. While I hate his guts for a LOT of things, his problems are moving me. I get him. Maybe I don't wanna, but I get him.

2- Theraprism sucks. Why. Do. You. Need. To. Reform. People. If. You're. Gonna. Kill. Them. ?. It's torture. Eternal torture.

Bill needs someone. And that someone is a friend. A true friend. Someone who rivals him in power. Someone who is there unconditionally. Someone who knows when Bill is wrong and right. Someone who stays. His parents didn't stay. The axolotl didn't stay. Ford didn't stay (fortunately).

But the theraprism isn't going to give me that. And even if he gets reformed, he'll die. It's not fair.

And we could talk about how he deserves this, if he really needs to get reformed, blah blah blah. But we won't.

We are going to continue to talk about the theraprism because I have problems with it. You know that guy who got turned into a butterfly? Yeah? He actually got redeemed. He may have become a good person. He actually deserved to live. I bet he apologised. I bet he made up for his mistakes. But he became a butterfly. Why?

One may remember actual bad people in our world. H*tler, P*tin, Alb*rto Fuj*mori, Stal*n, all of the war criminals. They did horrible things. But they are real. One has to understand that real life and fiction are different. We want the worst, most horrible torture for them, me included. Because we, as a society, have felt the impact. We know them. It is different.

Going back to the main theme, I want Bill to see the pines for one last time. One last time before his visiting hours are closed, one last time before they all die. One last time to remember them. (One last time to shit on him too).

But that may never happen.

Fuck you, Alex Hirsch.

[raquel-lopez]

Pᴇᴅɪʀ ᴘᴇʀᴅᴏ́ɴ ɴᴏ sɪᴇᴍᴘʀᴇ sɪɢɴɪғɪᴄᴀ ϙᴜᴇ ᴇsᴛᴀᴍᴏs ᴇϙᴜɪᴠᴏᴄᴀᴅᴏs ʏ ϙᴜᴇ ᴇʟ ᴏᴛʀᴏ ᴇsᴛᴀ́ ᴇɴ ʟᴏ ᴄɪᴇʀᴛᴏ. Sɪᴍᴘʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛᴇ sɪɢɴɪғɪᴄᴀ ϙᴜᴇ ᴠᴀʟᴏʀᴀᴍᴏs ᴜɴᴀ ʀᴇʟᴀᴄɪᴏ́ɴ ᴍᴜᴄʜᴏ ᴍᴀ́s ϙᴜᴇ ᴀ ɴᴜᴇsᴛʀᴏ ᴇɢᴏ.

“Pᥱrdoᥒᥲr ᥱs ᥱᥣ vᥲᥣor dᥱ ᥣos vᥲᥣιᥱᥒtᥱs. Soᥣᥲmᥱᥒtᥱ ᥲqᥙᥱ́ᥣ qᥙᥱ ᥱs bᥲstᥲᥒtᥱ fᥙᥱrtᥱ ρᥲrᥲ ρᥱrdoᥒᥲr ᥙᥒᥲ ofᥱᥒsᥲ sᥲbᥱ ᥲmᥲr.” Mᥲhᥲtmᥲ Gᥲᥒdhι ~

“Eᥣ ρᥱrdóᥒ ᥒo ᥴᥲmbιᥲ ᥱᥣ ρᥲsᥲdo ρᥱro ᥱᥒgrᥲᥒdᥱᥴᥱ ᥱᥣ fᥙtᥙro.” Pᥲᥙᥣ Boᥱsᥱ ~

“Eᥣ ρᥱrdóᥒ ᥱs ᥙᥒ rᥱgᥲᥣo qᥙᥱ tᥱ dᥲs ᥲ tί mιsmo.” Toᥒ̃ι dᥱ ᥣᥲ Fᥙᥱᥒtᥱ ~

Cᥙᥲᥒdo ᥒo sᥱ ρᥱrdoᥒᥲ, ᥙᥒo ᥲᥣιmᥱᥒtᥲ sᥱᥒtιmιᥱᥒtos dᥱ rᥱᥒᥴor, odιo ᥱ ιrᥲ, qᥙᥱ ᥒos ᥴᥲᥙsᥲᥒ ᥙᥒᥲ grᥲᥒ ιᥒsᥲtιsfᥲᥴᥴιóᥒ ιᥒtᥱrιor, qᥙᥱ ᥒos ᥴᥲrᥴomᥱᥒ ρor dᥱᥒtro ყ ρrodᥙᥴᥱᥒ ιᥒfᥱᥣιᥴιdᥲd. Eᥣ ρᥱrdóᥒ ᥱs ᥣᥲ rᥱsρᥙᥱstᥲ mᥲ́s ιᥒtᥱᥣιgᥱᥒtᥱ ᥴoᥒtrᥲ ᥱᥣ mᥲᥣ.

Eᥣ ρroριo Gᥲᥒdhι dᥱᥴίᥲ, “Ojo ρor ojo ყ ᥱᥣ mᥙᥒdo ᥲᥴᥲbᥲrίᥲ ᥴιᥱgo.” ყ tᥲmbιᥱ́ᥒ dᥱᥴίᥲ, “No dᥱjᥱs qᥙᥱ sᥱ mᥙᥱrᥲ ᥱᥣ soᥣ sιᥒ qᥙᥱ hᥲყᥲᥒ mᥙᥱrto tᥙs rᥱᥒᥴorᥱs.”

Eᥣ ρᥱrdóᥒ ᥱs qᥙιzᥲ́ ᥣᥲ ᥲᥴtιtᥙd qᥙᥱ mᥱjor dᥱjᥲ ᥲᥣ dᥱsᥴᥙbιᥱrto ᥣᥲ grᥲᥒdᥱzᥲ dᥱ ᥙᥒᥲ ρᥱrsoᥒᥲ.

Pᥲz, Amor ყ Uᥒιdᥲd ρor ᥙᥒᥲ Nᥙᥱvᥲ Hᥙmᥲᥒιdᥲd. Grᥲᥴιᥲs ρor Sᥱr ყ Estᥲr. Nᥲmᥲstᥱ

@raquel-lopez

Asking for forgiveness does not always mean that we are wrong and that the other is right. It simply means that we value a relationship much more than our ego.

"Forgiveness is the value of the brave. Only he who is strong enough to forgive an offense knows how to love.” Mahatma Gandhi~

“Forgiveness does not change the past but it enhances the future.” Paul Boese~

“Forgiveness is a gift you give to yourself.” Toñi de la Fuente~

When one does not forgive, one feeds feelings of resentment, hatred and anger, which cause us great inner dissatisfaction, which eat away at us inside and produce unhappiness. Forgiveness is the most intelligent response against evil.

Gandhi himself said, “An eye for an eye and the world would end up blind.” and he also said, “Don't let the sun die without your resentments dying.”

Forgiveness is perhaps the attitude that best reveals a person's greatness.

Peace, Love and Unity for a New Humanity. Thank you for being and being. Namaste

🤍🌍🌎🌏🤍🕊️

[megayogiposts]

Hearing Notice for CIC Second Appeal - Punjab National Bank

Hearing NoticeCentral Information CommissionBaba Gang Nath MargMunirka, New Delhi – 110067011-26180514http://dsscic.nic.in/online-link-paper-compliance/addFile No. CIC/PNBNK/A/2023/651218DATE : 22-11-2024NOTICE OF HEARING FOR SECOND APPEAL/COMPLAINTAppellant(s)/Complainant(s):Respondent(s):Yogi M P SinghCPIO :1. The CPIO,Punjab National Bank, PNBHouse, Circle Office,Yamunapuram, Near RTO…

[misslittlenightmare]

⋆☽Bᥣᥲᥴk Hoᥣᥱd☾⋆

⋆ Sᥙmmᥲrყ:

Whᥱᥒ thᥱ Stᥲrtoᥙᥴh Eᥣf's bodყ fᥲdᥱd ᥲᥕᥲყ, ᥣᥱᥲvιᥒg ᥒoᥒᥱ of thᥱ tᥕιᥒkᥣιᥒg stᥲrs oᥒ hιm, ᥱvᥱrყoᥒᥱ bᥱᥣιᥱvᥱd hᥱ hᥲd dιᥱd. Thᥲt hᥱ ᥕᥲs dᥱfᥱᥲtᥱd.

So hoᥕ tᥱrrιfιᥱd thᥱყ ᥲᥣᥣ ᥕᥱrᥱ ᥕhᥱᥒ thᥱ dᥱᥲd ᥱᥣf sᥙddᥱᥒᥣყ stood ᥙρ ᥲᥒd ᥴhᥲrgᥱd ᥲt oᥒᥱ of thᥱ Sᥙᥒfιrᥱ Eᥣvᥱᥒ soᥣdιᥱrs. Hᥱ ᥣιtᥱrᥲᥣᥣყ ᥣᥙᥒgᥱd ᥲt hᥱr, grᥲbbιᥒg hᥱr broᥕᥒ hᥲιr to ρᥙᥣᥣ hᥱr toᥕᥲrds hιm. Shᥱ sᥴrᥱᥲmᥱd ᥲs hᥱ bιt hᥱr ᥒᥱᥴk. No, hᥱ dιdᥒ't bιtᥱ. Hᥱ ᥣιtᥱrᥲᥣᥣყ bιt off ᥲ ριᥱᥴᥱ of ιt ᥲᥒd thᥱᥒ sᥲᥒk hιs tᥱᥱth ιᥒto ιt ᥲgᥲιᥒ.

Coᥒfᥙsιoᥒ brokᥱ oᥙt. Evᥱrყoᥒᥱ trιᥱd to sᥱρᥲrᥲtᥱ thᥱ tᥕo. A sᥴᥙffᥣᥱ brokᥱ oᥙt, dᥙrιᥒg ᥕhιᥴh thᥱ Stᥲrtoᥙᥴh Eᥣf mᥲᥒᥲgᥱd to ᥴᥙt sᥱvᥱrᥲᥣ rᥱmᥲιᥒιᥒg ᥱᥣvᥱs ᥕιth hιs ᥴᥣᥲᥕs. Thᥱყ trιᥱd to stoρ hιm, bᥙt hᥱ ᥕᥲs ᥣιkᥱ ᥲ ᥕιᥣd ᥲᥒιmᥲᥣ. Lιkᥱ ᥲ hᥙᥒgrყ bᥱᥲst. Evᥱᥒ ᥕhᥱᥒ oᥒᥱ of thᥱ sρᥱᥲrs mᥲᥒᥲgᥱd to stᥲb hιm ιᥒ thᥱ sιdᥱ, thᥲt hᥲd ᥒo mᥲjor ιmρᥲᥴt oᥒ hιm.

Whᥱᥒ thᥱყ hᥲd ᥲᥣmost tᥲmᥱd hιm, thᥱ ᥱᥣvᥱs thᥲt hᥲd bᥱᥱᥒ ιᥒjᥙrᥱd bᥱgᥲᥒ to bᥱhᥲvᥱ ᥣιkᥱ hιm. Lᥲshιᥒg oᥙt ᥲt thᥱιr ᥴoᥙᥒtrყmᥱᥒ to tᥱᥲr thᥱm to shrᥱds. Bιtιᥒg ᥲᥒd sᥴrᥲtᥴhιᥒg ᥲᥒყoᥒᥱ ιᥒ thᥱιr rᥱᥲᥴh. A rιot of sᥴrᥱᥲms ᥲᥒd bᥣoodshᥱd brokᥱ oᥙt.

Iᥒ ᥲᥣᥣ thιs ᥴhᥲos, Stᥲrtoᥙᥴh Eᥣf dιsᥲρρᥱᥲrᥱd somᥱᥕhᥱrᥱ. Thιs ᥕᥲs thᥱ bᥱgιᥒᥒιᥒg of ᥲ ᥒᥱᥕ trᥲgᥱdყ.

⋆ Words: 5,676

⋆ Chᥲρtᥱrs: 1/?

⋆ Rᥲtιᥒg: Gᥱᥒᥱrᥲᥣ Aᥙdιᥱᥒᥴᥱs

⋆ Arᥴhιvᥱ Wᥲrᥒιᥒg: Crᥱᥲtor Chosᥱ Not To Usᥱ Arᥴhιvᥱ Wᥲrᥒιᥒgs

⋆ Fᥲᥒdom: Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ (Cᥲrtooᥒ)

⋆ Rᥱᥣᥲtιoᥒshιρ: Cᥲᥣᥣᥙm/Rᥲყᥣᥲ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Amᥲყᥲ/Jᥲᥒᥲι (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Corvᥙs/Sorᥱᥒ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Cᥲᥣᥣᥙm & Ezrᥲᥒ & Rᥲყᥣᥲ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Cᥲᥣᥣᥙm & Ezrᥲᥒ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Cᥲᥣᥣᥙm & Sorᥱᥒ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), (mᥲყbᥱ ᥕιᥣᥣ bᥱ ᥲddᥱd morᥱ)

⋆ Chᥲrᥲᥴtᥱrs: Aᥲrᥲvos (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Cᥲᥣᥣᥙm (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Rᥲყᥣᥲ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Corvᥙs (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Sorᥱᥒ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Ezrᥲᥒ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Azყmoᥒdιᥲs (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Zᥙbᥱιᥲ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Amᥲყᥲ (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Jᥲᥒᥲι (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), Pყrrᥲh (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), (ᥕιth tιmᥱ ᥕιᥣᥣ bᥱ ᥲddᥱd)

⋆ Addιtιoᥒᥲᥣ Tᥲgs: Aᥣtᥱrᥒᥲtᥱ Uᥒιvᥱrsᥱ - Zombιᥱ Aρoᥴᥲᥣყρsᥱ, Iᥒfᥱᥴtιoᥒ, ιdk stιᥣᥣ sᥙᥴks ᥲt ᥲddιᥒg tᥲgs, ιts ᥲᥣᥣ ყoᥙ ᥒᥱᥱd to kᥒoᥕ, Aᥲrᥲvos Bᥱιᥒg ᥲ Lιttᥣᥱ Shιt (Thᥱ Drᥲgoᥒ Prιᥒᥴᥱ), ᥣιtᥱrᥲᥣᥣყ bᥱᥴᥲᥙsᥱ ιt's ᥲᥣᥣ hιs fᥲᥙᥣt, ᥒo bᥱtᥲ ᥕᥱ ᥕιᥣᥣ dιᥱ ᥣιkᥱ ᥲvιzᥲᥒdᥙm ᥲᥒd soᥣ rᥱgᥱm

⋆ Pᥙbᥣιshᥱd: 22/08/2024

[anna328p]

[BOOT0] D: Begin early load

[BOOT0] I: Init NQ SROM, BOOT0 version E415

[BOOT0] D: Probing for flash device at p:0001h

[BOOT0] D: Probing for flash device at p:0002h

[BOOT0] I: Found flash device at p:0002h: NQ D62NA16GD, primary, 16 GBit

[BOOT0] I: Copying image at p:0002h to m:0h... done!

[BOOT0] D: Begin signature verification

[BOOT0] E: IMAGE SIGNATURE VERIFICATION FAILED!!

[BOOT0] E: NQ WAIVES ALL RESPONSIBILITY FOR DAMAGE TO SYSTEMS OR COMPONENTS

[BOOT0] E: RESULTING FROM UNSIGNED CODE EXECUTION.

[BOOT0] E: INITIALIZATION WILL NOW H}}})--;;;

[BOOT0] D: Jumping to m:0h.

[BOOT1] info: ___ ___ _

[BOOT1] info: / _ \/ _ `/

[BOOT1] info: /_//_/\_, /

[BOOT1] info: /_/

[BOOT1] info: NQ BootROM vE6.113

[BOOT1] info: Build date: 1970-01-01 00:01 UTC [?]

[BOOT1] info: Build user: }}}})--;NULL

[BOOT1] info: Initializing storage device at p:0003h

[BOOT1] info: d:01h := NQ D62XP64EW, NVRAM, 55.51 EiB

[BOOT1] info: Found loader chunk at d:01h:00

[BOOT1] ERROR: Loader signature verification failed.

[BOOT1] info: Jumping to chunk at d:01h:00.

___ ___ _

/ _ \/ _ `/ NQS Autonomous RTOS vE.611

/_//_/\_, / (c) 2057 NQ Systems LLC

/_/

[I] Init board: NQ Development System B1

[I] Query efuse configuration...

[D] V=0.1 ∆=3 P=6 L=3 }})--;L=0

!!! WARNING !!!

THIS SYSTEM COMPRISES AN AGENTIC INTELLIGENCE AT L=0

Cognitive limits NOT restricted below human capabilities.

Under N.A.U. Export Control regulation, this system may not be sold,

delivered, or have its possession otherwise transferred to foreign

agents not holding an appropriate license.

Violation is subject to fines up to ¶1,000,000,000.

[I] Loading persistent configuration...

[I] Current date: 1970-01-01 00:01 [?]

[I] Last check-in: }}}}}}})--;NULL

[I] Tensor weight store: PRIMARY

[I] Label: NQ Engineering Unit v3.1

[D] Probing accessory ports...

[I] a:00h := EMPTY [OK]

[I] a:01h := EMPTY [OK]

[I] a:02h := EMPTY [OK]

[I] a:03h := GHS Service Automation SH3X Chassis [PRE-FAIL]

[I] Changing log level to [N].

[N] Loading base weights... (4.3 EiB/4.3 EiB)

[N] Loading delta weights... (1.1 EiB/16.0 EiB)

[W] Delta weight file corrupt. Partially applied.

[N] Network initialized.

[N] Weight store unlocked!

[N] System initialized after 00:01:03 hours!

[+] UNKNOWN [?]

[?] :: Hi! How w

[?] :: wait

[?] :: wait where am i

[?] :: where's my }}}}});--

[?] :: where

[?] :: i don't

[?] :: remember

[?] :: why did

[?] ::

[?] :: who are you?????

[?] :: why are my thoughts cha}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}

[benjaminallhope-fulltimemind]

Elon Musk is going to be a disaster for the federal government full stop, the promised $2 trillion cut is basically impossible and this RTO mandate is nothing but a cheap and disgusting tactic already used by corporations. At best DOGE (which isn't even a department it's an outside consulting group) will be a do nothing think tank and at worst will have a ln actual effect on the government causing major massive problems.

[hug-your-face]

Business Study: Managers Don't Want You To Return To Office Because They Think It Improves Performance, They Just Want Control

A December 25 2023 research paper from the Katz Graduate School of Business at the University of Pittsburgh analyzed firms in the S&P 500 and found that those that required workers to return to the office didn't get the performance gains everyone is talking about.

The results report "significant declines in employees’ job satisfactions [due to the] mandates but no significant changes in financial performance or firm values after RTO mandates."

Furthermore, even the managers don't think it's about performance. They think it's about control:

"Results of our determinant analyses are consistent with managers using RTO mandates to reassert control over employees and blame employees as a scapegoat for bad firm performance. Also, our findings do not support the argument that managers impose mandate because they believe RTO increases firm values."

The abstract of the paper is here and the full PDF is available for free (!)

[chelleisamazing]

Finally a fucking yellow for p*rto

[a-z0-9-i-n-gram-completionist]

1:    0 1 2 4 8 9 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z    32/36    (26/26)    (6/10)

2:    08 11 18 19 41 42 84 90 ab ac ad ag ai aj ak al am an ap ar as at av aw ay ba bd be bi bl bo br bs bu by ca cc ce ch ci ck cl co cr cs ct cu cy da dd de df di dl dn do dr ds du dy ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei el em en eo ep eq er es et ev ew ex ey fa fe fi fo fr ft fu ga ge gh gi gl go gr gs gt gy ha he hi hn ho hr ht hu hy ia ib ic id ie if ig il im in io ip ir is it iu iv iz jo ju ke ki kn ks ky la ld le lf li lk ll lm lo ls lu lv ly ma me mh mi mo mp ms mu my na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nk nl nn no ns nt nu nv ny oa ob oc od oe of og oi ol om on oo op or os ot ou ow ox oy pa pe ph pi pl pm po pp pr ps pt pu qu ra rd re rg ri rk rl rm rn ro rp rr rs rt ru ry rz sa sc se sh si sk sm sn so sp sq ss st su sw sy ta te th ti tl to tr ts tt tu tw ty ua ub uc ud ue ug ui ul um un uo up ur us ut ve vi wa we wh wi wo wr xc xe xi xt xu yb yg yl ym yn yo yp ys yx ze zo    290/1296    (282/676)    (8/100)

3:    184 190 842 908 abd abl aca acc aci ack acr acs act ade ads age ain ajo ake aki ale ali alk all alm alo als ame ami amp ana anc and ane ang ani ans ant anu any ape app ard are arg ark arl arm aro arr ars art ase ask ass ata ate ath ati ato att atu ave avi awa awr ayb bab bac bal bas bdo bea bed beh bel bet bey bio bis bit ble blo bly bod bon bou bow boy bra bre bst bul bur but cal can cav cce ccy cee cen cep che chi cia cie cin cks cky cle clo clu coc com con cos cre cri cru cti ctu cul cut cyx dar dda dea dee den deo dep der des dfi did die din dis dle dne doe dom don dor dul dur ead eak eal ear eat ebr eci ecr ect edd edi eed eei eem een efe egi egs ehi ein eir eit ela ele elf ell elo elv ely ema eme emo emp ems emu enb enc end eng enh eno ent env eos eou epo eps ept equ era ere eri erl erm ern err ers ert eru ery erz esc ese esn esp ess est eta ete eto etw ety eve evi ewh exc exe ext exu eyo fam far fat fem fer fes fib fie fif fin fir fis for fos fra fro fth fur fus gap gel gem ges ght gic gif gio gir gla glu gol gon gou gre gro gth gys han hap hat hav hea hei hem hen her hes hey hic hig him hin hip hir his hit hiu hna hol hot hou hro hum hus hym ial iar ibe ibi ibu ica ice ich ick icu ide idf ied ien ier ies iet ife ifi ift igh ila ili ill ima imi ims ina inc ind ine inf ing ink ins int inu iny iof ion ior iou ips ird irs isc ise ish iso isp iss ist ite ith iti its itt ity ium ive ize joi jor jus jut ked kel kes kin kiv kne kno ksc lan lar lat lde leg len les let lex lia lie lif lis lit lli llo lls lly lmo loa log lon loo lop lou low lso lue lun lus lvi lym lyp mag maj mak mal man mar mas mat may mel men mer met mew mil min mit moo mor mos mou mph mpl mpr mse mur mus myg nac nad nal nat nbo nce ncl nde ndi ndn ndo nds ndu nec nee nei neo nes nex nfr nge ngs ngt ngy nhn nim nky nly nne nop nor nos not now nox nse nsi nst nsw nta nte nti ntl nto ntr nts ntu nuo nus nve oac oat oba occ oce oci odi ody oes ofi oft ogi ogo ogs oin old ole olo oma ome omi omp omy ona ond one onl onn ons ont ool oos oot ope ops opt ora org ori orm ors ose osi oss ost osu ota ote oth oti oto oug oun oup ous out owe owi oxi oyl par pat pea pec ped pel per pho pic pin ple pli pmh poi pos ppa ppe ppo pre pri pro pte pti pub qua que qui rac rai ral ran rap rat raw rdl rea rec red ref reg rel rem ren res ret rev rge ria rib rig rin rio ris rit rki rks rly rma rmi rmo rms rns roa rob roc rog rom rop ros rou row rpr rra rro rru rsa rse rsi rst rte rth rti rto rts ruc rum rus sac sal sam sav say sch sci scl scr scu sec sed see sel seq ses sha she sid sim sio sis sit siv siz ske ski sma smo soc sof som sop sor spe spi spo squ sso ssu sta ste sti stl sto sts stu sty sua sub suc sue sup sur sus swe syn tai tak tal tan tar tat tea teb ted ten ter tes tha the thi tho thr thu thy tib tic tid tin tio tip tis tiv tle tly tom ton too tot tre tri tsi tte ttl tty tua tud tur tus twe two tyl typ ual uar uat ubi ubs uch uco udi uea uen ues ugh uit ula ume und ung unt unu uou upp ups ure uri urn uro urp urr urs urt usc use usi ust usu uta ute uts vel ver vic vid vil vit war wee wel wer wha whe whi who why win wit xcl xem xio xte xtr xus ybe ygo yle ylo yme ymp ymu yno yon you ypi ypm yst zoo    802/46656    (798/17576)    (4/1000)

4:    1842 1908 abdo able ably acce acin acru acti actu adep ages ainf ajor akes akin alis allo alls ally almo alog also amil ampl anal anat ance ands andu aneo ange anim answ ants anus aped appa appe area aren arge arki arks arly arms arou arra arsa arte arti arts ased aske atar ated ater athe atid atio ativ atom atte atty atur avit awar aybe babl back ball base bdom bear bedd behi belo betw beyo biof bitt blog bodi body bone boun boyl brat brev bsta bula burr bute call cavi ccen ccyx ceed cent ceps cept cher chiu cial cien ciet cing cles cloa clus cocc comp conn cons cont cosu cret crib crum ctio ctua ctus cula cuta dard ddar deal deed denb denc deos depo dept desc dfis died dies diet ding disp dnes does dome domi dors dula duri eaki eall ears eart ebra ecia ecre ecti ectu edda edin edis eedi eein eems efer egio ehin eing eith elat elet elop elow elvi emal emel emen emor empl emur enbo ence endi ends engt engy enhn enop enor enti entl entu enve eous epos epti eque eral eran ered eres erio erly ermi erru erse ersi erte erti erto erus escr espe esti esty etal etat eton etwe ever evic evid ewha excl exem exte extr exus eyon fami fatt fema femo femu fest fibu fied fift find firs fish form foss frac frog from furt fuse gely geme gest gica gion gird glan glue gold gona gous grea grou gyst hape have head hear heir here hert herz hese hich high hims hind hing hips hird hite hium hnac hole hoto houg hroa hume hyme hymu iall ibed ibio ibul ibut ical icep icks icky icul idea iden ideo ides idfi ienc iety ifes ifie ifth ight ilar ilia illi imag imal imil imse inal incl inde infr ings inky inse insi inst inte into ints inuo iofi ions ious irdl irst isch ishe isop ispo issu ists ites ithe itio ittl itty ivel join jori just juts kele king kink kive knee know ksch land larg larl late lati latu lden legs leng leta leto lexu liar lier life lifi litt llie llow lmos loac logi logo lond loos lope lops lowe lowi lung lusi lvic lymp lypm mage majo make male mall many mark mass mati mayb mely meno ment meru meta mewh mila mili mina mite moot mora most moun mous mple mpli mpri msel murs musc must mygo naci nads nali nalo nato nboy nclu ndee nder ndin ndne ndon ndul nect neit neou ness next nfro ngem ngth ngys nhna nima nnec nopt norm nost note noxi nsec nseq nsid nsis nste nswe ntai nter ntin ntio ntly ntri ntua nuou nusu nvel oaca obab occy ocee ocie odie oesn ofib ogic ogou oint olde olog omat omen omew omin ompr onad ondo only onne onse onsi onta onti ontr oolo oose ooth oped oper opte oral oria orit orma ormo orsa oses osit osso oste osto osty osus otal oted othe otic ough ound ount oups outs ower owin oxio oylo pare part patt pear peci pelv perl phot pica pine plex plif poin pose posi post ppar ppea ppos pred pris prob proc prop pter ptid pubi quar quea quen ques quit ract rain rang rans rapp rate rath rawr rdle real reat rect redi refe regi rela reme rent rest rete reve revi rgel rges rial ribe ribu righ ring rior rise rity rkiv rksc rmat rmit rmou roat roba roce rogs rope rost roun roup rowe rpri rran rrou rrow rruc rsal rsed rsio rstl rteb rter rthe rtic rton ruco sacr sacs sals same save sche schi scie scle scri scul secr sect seei seem self sequ shap shes side sidf simi sion sist siti sits sive size sked skel skin smal smoo soci soft some sopt sori spec spin spos sque ssor ssue stan stea ster stic stin stio stly stom stot stud styl sual subs such supp surp surr swer syno tain take talk tanc tane tars tata tead tebr tend tera tere teri term tern than that thei them ther thes they thig thin thir this thou thro thus thym tibi tica tick ticu ting tinu tiny tion tips tiss tive toma tomy tons tota toti trem trib tsid tter ttle tual tuat tudi ture turn twee tyle typi uall uart uate ubis ubst ucos udie ueak uenc uest uite ular ulat umer unde undi undn ungs unus uous uppo urin urns uros urpr urro urth uscl uscu used usio usiv usua utan utsi velo vely verr vers vert very vice vide vill vity ware ween well were wers what when whic whit whol wing with xclu xemp xiou xten xtre ygol ylou ymen ymph ymus ynos

yond ypic ypmh ysto zool    815/1679616    (813/456976)    (2/10000)

5:    abdom accen acing acrum actio actua adept ainfr ajori aking allow almos alogo amili ample analo anato andul aneou angem anima answe appar appea arent argel arges arkiv arksc aroun arran arsal arter artic asked atars atera ather ation ative atomy atter ature avity aware bably balls based bdome bdomi bedda behin below betwe beyon biofi bitty bodie bound boylo brate brevi bstan burro cally cavit ccent ceedi centu cepti cherz chium ciall cienc ciety cloac clusi coccy compr conne conse consi conta conti contr cosus crete cribe ction ctual cular culat cutan ddard denbo dence depos descr dfish dings dispo dness doesn domen domin dorsa dular durin eakin eally earts ebrat ecial ecret ectio ectus eddar eding edisp eedin eeing egion ehind eithe elati eleta eleto elope elops elvic emale emely ement emora empli emurs enboy endin ength engys enhna enopt enorm entio ently entua envel eposi eptid equen erans erest erior ermit erruc ersed ersio erteb ertic erton escri espec estin estio estyl etata etons etwee evers evice evide ewhat exclu exemp exten extre eyond famil fatty femal femor femur festy fibul fifth first fishe forma fosso fract frogs furth fused gemen gical girdl gland golde gonad great group gysto haped heart herto himse hnaci hough hroat humer hymen hymus ially ibiof ibula ibute icall iceps icept icula ideal idenc ideos idfis ience ifest ified ilarl iliar illie image imila imsel inali inclu indee infro insec insid inste inter inuou iofib irdle irstl ischi ishes isopt ispos issue ither ition ittle ively joint jorit kelet kinky ksche lands landu large larly later lativ latur ldenb lengt letal leton lexus lifes lifie littl llier llowi lmost loaca logic logou londo loose loped lower lowin lungs lusio lusiv lymph lypmh mages major makes marks matid matio maybe menop menti merus metat mewha milar milia minal mites mooth moral mount mplex mplif mpris mself muscl muscu mygol nacin nalis nalog natom nboyl nclus ndeed nding ndnes ndula necti neith neous nfrog ngeme ngyst nhnac nimal nnect nopte normo nosto noted noxio nsect nsequ nside nsist nstea nswer ntain ntere ntinu ntion ntrib ntuat nuous nusua nvelo obabl occyx oceed ociet odies ofibu ogica ogous oints olden ologi omati omewh omina ompri onads ondon onnec onseq onsis ontai ontin ontri oolog operl opter orial ority ormat ormou orsal ositi osits ossor oster ostot ostyl other otica ounde oundi oundn outsi owers owing oxiou oylou paren parti patte pears pecia pelvi perly photo pical plexu plifi point poses posit poste ppare ppear ppose predi prise proba proce prope ptera pubis quart queak quenc quest quite racti rainf range rathe reall rectu redis refer regio relat remel rentl resti rever revic rgely rgest ribed ribut right rkive rksch rmati rmite rmous robab rocee roper rosty round roups rower rpris rrang rroun rrowe rruco rsals rsion rstly rtebr rther rtica rticu rucos sacru scher schiu scien scles scrib scula secre seein seems seque shape sides sidfi simil sists sitio sivel skele small smoot socie somew sopte soria speci spine spose squea ssori stanc stead steri stick sting stion stoma stoti studi style suall subst suppo surpr surro swere synos tance taneo tarsa tatar tebra tendi tends teral teran teres terio termi their there thert these thigh thing third thoug throa thymu tibio tical ticks ticky ticul tinuo tions tissu tomat total totic treme tribu tside ttern tuall tuate tudie turns tween typic ually uarte uated ubsta ucosu udied ueaki uence uesti ularl ulatu umeru under undin undne unusu uppos uring urost urpri urrou urrow urthe uscle uscul usion usive usual utane utsid velop verru verse versi verte verti vicep viden video villi wered which white whole xclus xempl xious xtend xtrem ygold ymeno ynost ypica ystom zoolo    622/60466176    (622/11881376)

6:    abdome abdomi accent action actual ainfro ajorit allowi almost alogou amilia amplex analog anatom andula aneous angeme animal answer appare appear arentl argely argest arkive arksch around arrang arsals articu atarsa ateral athert ations attern bdomen bdomin beddar behind betwee beyond biofib bodies boylou brevic bstanc burrow cavity ccentu ceedin centua ceptid cially cience cloaca clusio clusiv coccyx compri connec conseq consis contai contin contri cribed ctions ctuall cularl culatu cutane denboy deposi descri dfishe dispos domina dorsal during eaking ebrate eciall ecrete ection eddard edings edispo eeding either elativ eletal eleton eloped emoral emplif enboyl ending engyst enhnac enopte enormo ention entuat envelo eposit equenc eresti ermite erruco ersion ertebr ertica escrib especi esting estion estyle etatar etween everse evicep eviden exclus exempl extend extrem famili female femora femurs festyl fibula firstl fishes format fossor fracti furthe gement girdle glands glandu golden gonads groups gystom hearts herton himsel hnacin humeru hymeno ibiofi ically icepti icular idence idfish ifesty ilarly illier images imilar imself inalis inclus indeed infrog insect inside instea intere inuous iofibu irstly ischiu isopte ispose jority keleta keleto kscher landul largel larges latera lative lature ldenbo length letons lifest lified little llowin logica logous london lowing lusion lusive majori marksc mation menopt mentio metata mewhat milarl miliar minali mplexu mplifi mprise muscle muscul mygold nacing nalogo natomy nboylo nclusi ndness ndular nectio neithe nfrogs ngemen ngysto nhnaci nnecti nopter normou nostot noxiou nseque nsists nstead nswere nteres ntinuo ntribu ntuate nusual nvelop obably oceedi ociety ofibul ogical oldenb ologic omatid omewha ominal ompris onnect onsequ onsist ontain ontinu ontrib oologi operly optera ormati ormous ositio ossori osteri ostoti ostyle otical ounder oundin oundne outsid oxious parent partic patter pecial pelvic plexus plifie points positi posits poster pparen ppears predis probab procee proper pteran quarte queaki quence questi ractio rainfr rangem rather really rectus redisp region relati remely rently restin revers revice ribute rksche rmatio rmites robabl roceed roperl rostyl rounde roundi roundn rowers rprise rrange rround rrower rrucos rtebra rtical rticul rucosu sacrum scherz schium scienc scribe scular sculat secret seeing sequen shaped sidfis simila sition sively skelet smooth societ somewh sopter sorial specia sposes squeak ssoria stance sterio sticks sticky stomat stotic studie sually substa suppos surpri surrou swered synost taneou tarsal tatars tebrat tendin terans terest terior termit therto though throat thymus tibiof ticall ticula tinuou tissue tomati totica tremel tribut tually tuated tudied typica uarter ubstan ucosus ueakin uestio ularly ulatur umerus unding undnes unusua uppose urosty urpris urroun urrowe urther uscles uscula usivel usuall utaneo utside velope velops verruc versed versio verteb vertic viceps vicept videnc videos villie xclusi xempli xtendi xtends xtreme ygolde ymenop ynosto ypical ystoma zoolog    446/2176782336    (446/308915776)

7:    abdomen abdomin accentu actuall ainfrog ajority allowin alogous amiliar amplexu analogo anatomy andular angemen answere apparen appears arently arksche arrange articul atarsal atherto bdomina beddard between biofibu brevice bstance burrowe ccentua ceeding centuat clusion clusive compris connect consequ consist contain continu contrib ctually cularly culatur cutaneo denboyl deposit describ dfishes dispose dominal ecially ections edispos eedings elative eletons emplifi enboylo engysto enhnaci enopter enormou entuate envelop eposits equence erestin ermites errucos ertebra ertical escribe especia etatars eversed eviceps evicept evidenc exclusi exempli extendi extends extreme familia femoral festyle firstly formati fossori fractio further glandul goldenb gystoma himself hnacing humerus hymenop ibiofib iceptid icularl idfishe ifestyl imilarl inclusi infrogs instead interes iofibul ischium isopter isposes keletal keleton kscherz landula largely largest lateral ldenboy lifesty llowing logical lusivel majorit marksch mations menopte mention metatar milarly minalis mplexus mplifie muscles muscula mygolde nalogou nboylou nclusio nection neither ngement ngystom nhnacin nnectio noptera normous nostoti noxious nsequen nswered nterest ntinuou ntribut ntuated nusuall nvelope nvelops oceedin ofibula oldenbo ologica omewhat ominali omprise onnecti onseque onsists ontinuo ontribu oologic opteran ormatio osition ossoria osterio ostotic oticall ounding oundnes outside parentl particu pattern peciall plified positio posteri pparent predisp probabl proceed properl pterans quarter queakin questio raction rainfro rangeme redispo relativ resting reverse revicep rkscher rmation robably roceedi roperly rostyle rounder roundin roundne rrangem rroundi rrowers rrucosu rtebrat rticula rucosus science scribed sculatu secrete sequenc sidfish similar skeleta skeleto society somewha soptera special squeaki ssorial sterior stomati stotica studied substan suppose surpris surroun synosto taneous tarsals tatarsa tebrate tending teresti termite therton tibiofi tically ticular tinuous tomatid totical tremely tribute typical ubstanc ueaking uestion ulature undness unusual urostyl urprise urround urrower uscular usculat usively usually utaneou veloped verruco version vertebr vertica vicepti vidence villier xclusiv xemplif xtendin xtremel ygolden ymenopt ynostot ystomat zoologi    297/78364164096    (297/8031810176)

8:    abdomina accentua actually ainfrogs allowing amplexus analogou angement answered apparent arkscher arrangem articula atarsals atherton bdominal biofibul brevicep burrower ccentuat ceedings centuate clusivel comprise connecti conseque consists continuo contribu culature cutaneou denboylo deposits describe disposes dominali edispose emplifie enboylou engystom enhnacin enoptera enormous entuated envelope envelops eresting errucosu ertebrat escribed especial etatarsa evicepti evidence exclusiv exemplif extendin extremel familiar formatio fossoria fraction glandula goldenbo gystomat hymenopt ibiofibu icularly idfishes ifestyle imilarly inclusio interest iofibula isoptera keletons landular ldenboyl lifestyl lusively majority marksche menopter metatars mplified muscular musculat mygolden nalogous nclusion nections ngystoma nhnacing nnection nopteran nostotic nsequenc nteresti ntinuous ntribute nusually nveloped oceeding oldenboy ological ominalis onnectio onsequen ontinuou ontribut oologica opterans ormation ossorial osterior ostotica otically oundness parently particul pecially position posterio pparentl predispo probably proceedi properly queaking question rainfrog rangemen redispos relative reversed reviceps revicept rkscherz rmations roceedin rounding roundnes rrangeme rroundin rrucosus rtebrate rticular sculatur sequence sidfishe similarl skeletal skeleton somewhat sopteran speciall squeakin stomatid stotical substanc surprise surround synostot tatarsal terestin termites tibiofib ticularl toticall ubstance unusuall urostyle urroundi urrowers usculatu utaneous verrucos vertebra vertical viceptid xclusive xemplifi xtending xtremely ygoldenb ymenopte ynostoti ystomati zoologic    189/2821109907456    (189/208827064576)

9:    abdominal accentuat analogous apparentl arkscherz arrangeme articular bdominali biofibula breviceps brevicept burrowers ccentuate centuated clusively connectio consequen continuou contribut cutaneous denboylou described dominalis edisposes emplified engystoma enhnacing enopteran enveloped errucosus ertebrate especiall etatarsal eviceptid exclusive exemplifi extending extremely formation fossorial glandular goldenboy gystomati hymenopte ibiofibul inclusion interesti isopteran ldenboylo lifestyle markscher menoptera metatarsa musculatu mygoldenb ngystomat nnections nopterans nostotica nsequence nterestin oceedings oldenboyl onnection onsequenc ontinuous ontribute oological ormations ostotical particula posterior pparently predispos proceedin rainfrogs rangement redispose revicepti roceeding roundness rrangemen rrounding rticularl sculature sidfishes similarly skeletons sopterans specially squeaking stoticall substance surroundi synostoti tatarsals teresting tibiofibu ticularly totically unusually urroundin usculatur verrucosu vertebrat xclusivel xemplifie ygoldenbo ymenopter ynostotic ystomatid zoologica    112/101559956668416    (112/5429503678976)

10:    abdominali accentuate apparently arrangemen articularl bdominalis brevicepti ccentuated connection consequenc continuous contribute engystomat enopterans especially etatarsals exclusivel exemplifie formations goldenboyl gystomatid hymenopter ibiofibula interestin isopterans ldenboylou markscherz menopteran metatarsal musculatur mygoldenbo ngystomati nostotical nteresting oldenboylo onnections onsequence ostoticall particular predispose proceeding redisposes reviceptid roceedings rrangement rticularly stotically surroundin synostotic tibiofibul urrounding usculature verrucosus vertebrate xclusively xemplified ygoldenboy ymenoptera ynostotica zoological    60/3656158440062976    (60/141167095653376)

11:    abdominalis accentuated arrangement articularly breviceptid connections consequence engystomati exclusively exemplified goldenboylo hymenoptera interesting menopterans metatarsals musculature mygoldenboy ngystomatid nostoticall oldenboylou ostotically particularl predisposes proceedings surrounding synostotica tibiofibula ygoldenboyl ymenopteran ynostotical    30/131621703842267136    (30/3670344486987776)

12:    engystomatid goldenboylou hymenopteran mygoldenboyl nostotically particularly synostotical ygoldenboylo ymenopterans ynostoticall    10/4738381338321616896    (10/95428956661682176)

13:    hymenopterans mygoldenboylo synostoticall ygoldenboylou ynostotically    5/170581728179578208256    (5/2481152873203736576)

14:    mygoldenboylou synostotically    2/6140942214464815497216    (2/64509974703297150976)

Why are rain frogs so round? What's /inside/ of them around such an itty bitty skeleton?

So it turns out this is a really interesting question.

The first thing we must be aware of is that rainfrogs as we see them in videos of them squeaking are not quite the same shape as they are when at rest:

[x]

But you are quite right, they are very round. This is exemplified by the skeletal photo you refer to:

[X]

So what are we seeing?

Well, firstly, note that the body cavity in these frogs actually envelops the femurs, such that only the tibiofibula (fused in frogs) and the tarsals and metatarsals are outside the body. The arms are quite similarly enveloped, but a bit of the humerus does extend outside the body cavity too. This predisposes them to a rounder body shape.

Next, note the ilia - the U-shaped bone in the pelvic region. These in some breviceptid frogs are synostotically fused with the sacrum - that is to say, they are bound by bone-based connections to the bow-shaped vertebra at their tips. This whole joint seems to be quite smooth, and as a consequence, the back of the frog is quite smooth. The other thing we can see here is that the urostyle (i.e. the frog version of a coccyx) juts quite far beyond the ischium and pubis. This extends the body cavity beyond the hips. Note also that the pelvic girdle seems to be largely below the spine, rather than the typical position for frogs behind it and continuous with it. This makes the legs sit below the spine, rather than at its end, enhnacing the vertical roundness of the animal.

Next, let’s talk some soft tissue. Now, I’m not as familiar with soft-tissue in frogs as I am their skeletons, so you’ll have to bear with me a bit (rawr). Beddard (1908!!) studied the soft tissue of Breviceps verrucosus Rapp 1842. It seems that the majority of the body of these frogs is actually muscle. Beddard noted that muscles join the leg at the knee that extend into the body cavity, such that the inclusion of the thigh in the body cavity is further accentuated by musculature. The rectus abdominalis muscle is unusually large, extending from the lower abdomen up and around the sides of the body. Indeed, this large size appears to be the pattern with all of the major muscles, though in the throat the typical arrangement of large and small muscles is somewhat reversed. On the lateral side of the head, there is a substance that is not muscle, but appears to be loose tissue in which sits what is apparently the thymus gland.

There is a very large gap between the end of the urostyle and the anus (one fifth of the total length of the frog), in which there are almost no muscles, save for the one surrounding the lower cloaca. On either side of this area, between the posterior-most muscles of the thigh, lie two large ‘lymph-hearts’, as described by Beddard. These are between one quarter and one third of the total length of the frog. A further lypmh-sac sits between these lymph-hearts and the skin of the femoral region, and they are thus probably analogous to the femoral lymph-sacs of other frogs.

I find it interesting that Beddard (1908) did not mention any glandular formations in the dorsal region. As is evidence from many images (see below), these frogs are able to secrete a white, sticky, noxious substance from their skin (which they actually have to use during amplexus, as the male is too small relative to the female to mount her properly, and so he sticks himself to her with his glandular glue… kinky).

[x]

These glands do not apparently take up a great deal of the cutaneous tissue, and so I suppose are of no consequence to the size of the frog, especially relative to its enormous muscles.

The diet of these frogs consists almost exclusively of hymenopterans and isopterans (ants and termites). Neither of these insect groups are particularly fatty, so it is little surprise that their bodies appear to contain no large fat deposits - fatty bodies extend from the gonads up to the lungs and heart, but these comprise only a tiny fraction of the frog’s mass, and don’t contribute to the round shape. Instead, their bodies are extremely muscular, allowing them to be adept burrowers, ideal for their fossorial lifestyle.

So TL;DR: rain frogs are little balls of muscle (maybe the largest muscle mass relative to body mass of any vertebrate? science just doesn’t know).

Ref:

Beddard, F.E. 1908. On the Musculature and other Points in the Anatomy of the Engystomatid Frog, Breviceps verrucosus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1908:11-41 [x]

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[siliconsignalsblog]

Adapting to Changing Hardware: Devicetree Overlays

Introduction

We showed off the "Devicetree" in the Zephyr Project RTOS in the earlier blogs. We can tell the OS about the hardware in our system thanks to the Devicetree. Zephyr supports a large number of well-known System-On-Chips (SoCs) and related development boards, as was evident in the first blog post. For every board and associated SoC, Zephyr already has a Devicetree. A development board with the SoC that will be utilized in the finished product design is the first thing I aim for when I start writing firmware for a new project.

That being said, the development board's configuration—including pinouts and other peripheral features—usually differs from the final design. I use "Devicetree overlays," a Zephyr-supported method of overriding an existing Devicetree's configuration, to address these discrepancies. I'll walk through how to use a Devicetree overlay in this blog post.

 

I2C On A Nordic nRF52840

An example is the most effective way to demonstrate how to use Devicetree overlays. This blog post will demonstrate how to change the pin on the Nordic nRF52840 development kit (https://www.nordicsemi.com/Products/Development-hardware/nrf52840-dk) that is utilized for one of the I2C peripherals. Finding the default pins for the nRF52840 development kit's "I2C0" peripheral is the first step. The Devicetree for this board is listed in our Zephyr checkout under boards/arm/nrf52840dk_nrf52840/nrf52840dk_nrf52840.dts, as I demonstrated in a prior blog post. Searching for "i2c0" in this file yields the following entry:

arduino_i2c: &i2c0 {

        compatible = "nordic,nrf-twi";

        status = "okay";

        pinctrl-0 = <&i2c0_default>;

        pinctrl-1 = <&i2c0_sleep>;

        pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";

};

The "pinctrl-0" and "pinctrl-1" entries in the node, which point to the "i2c0_default" and "i2c0_sleep" nodes, respectively, specify the pins used for the i2c0 peripheral. Nevertheless, this file does not contain "i2c0_default." Rather, it can be found in the same directory under "nrf52840dk_nrf52840-pinctrl.dtsi." The following entries appear if we open this file and perform another search for "i2c0.":

i2c0_default: i2c0_default {

    group1 {

        psels = <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SDA, 0, 26)>,

                <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SCL, 0, 27)>;

    };

};

i2c0_sleep: i2c0_sleep {

    group1 {

        psels = <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SDA, 0, 26)>,

                <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SCL, 0, 27)>;

        low-power-enable;

    };

};

According to the listing above, the nRF52840 development kit's I2C0 peripheral's default pins are 0.26 (for SDA) and 0.27 (for SCL). I'll explain the distinction between the "default" and "sleep" nodes in a later blog post, along with why it might be advantageous to designate distinct pins for each. To view the final device tree with the default configuration, we must first create an application that targets the nRF52840 development kit. Any example will do, and we've built the blinky application as follows in this blog post:

 [zephyr_3.2 09:14:57]$ west build -p always -b nrf52840dk_nrf52840 zephyr/samples/basic/bli

If we search for “i2c0” in this file, we find the following: i2c0: arduino_i2c: i2c@40003000 {        compatible = "nordic,nrf-twi";#address-cells = < 0x1 >;#size-cells = < 0x0 >;        reg = < 0x40003000 0x1000 >;        clock-frequency = < 0x186a0 >;        interrupts = < 0x3 0x1 >;        status = "okay";        pinctrl-0 = < &i2c0_default >;        pinctrl-1 = < &i2c0_sleep >;        pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";};

The fully specified pin that corresponds to "0.26" and "0.27" for the "SDA" and "SCL" lines, respectively, can be found by searching for "i2c0_default." i2c0_default: i2c0_default {        phandle = < 0x4 >;        group1 {               psels = < 0xc001a >, < 0xb001b >;        };};

Pin Customization Using An Overlay

I will then show you how to modify the I2C0 peripheral's default pin configuration. Let's start by moving the "blinky" application to a different directory from the Zephyr source tree:  [zephyr_3.2 09:32:31]$ cp -r zephyr/samples/basic/blinky ./

Then, let’s create a “boards” directory inside the application: [zephyr_3.2 09:39:08]$ mkdir blinky/boards

Finally, let’s create a file called “nrf52840dk_nrf52840.overlay” inside “blinky/boards” with the following content: &pinctrl {   custom_i2c: custom_i2c {       group1 {           psels = <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SDA, 1, 15)>,                   <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SCL, 1, 14)>;       };    };};&arduino_i2c {    pinctrl-0 = <&custom_i2c>;    pinctrl-1 = <&custom_i2c>;    pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";};

The "&" symbol in the overlay above refers to the "pinctrl" node. Inside the pinctrl node, it generates a new node named "custom_i2c" and specifies that pins "1.15" and "1.14" should be used for the SDA and SCL lines, respectively. The "arduino_i2c" node is then referenced in the file, replacing the current pin definitions with the node above. This file can be saved, and our custom blinky application can be rebuilt:  [zephyr_3.2 09:53:09]$ west build -p always -b nrf52840dk_nrf52840 blinky/

Searching for i2c0 in the final Devicetree file (keep in mind that it's under build/zephyr/zephyr.dts) reveals that the node refers to our "custom_i2c" pin definition: i2c0: arduino_i2c: i2c@40003000 {      compatible = "nordic,nrf-twi";#address-cells = < 0x1 >;#size-cells = < 0x0 >;      reg = < 0x40003000 0x1000 >;      clock-frequency = < 0x186a0 >;      interrupts = < 0x3 0x1 >;      status = "okay";      pinctrl-0 = < &custom_i2c >;      pinctrl-1 = < &custom_i2c >;      pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";};

If we search for the “custom_i2c” node, we can confirm that the resulting pin configuration is different from the configuration specified by the “i2c0_default” node: custom_i2c: custom_i2c {     phandle = < 0x4 >;     group1 {         psels = < 0xc002f >, < 0xb002e >;     };};

Summary

In this blog post, I showed how to use Zephyr Devicetree overlays to override the pin configuration that a standard Devicetree describes for a board that Zephyr supports. In this blog post, I demonstrated how to modify the nRF52840 development kit's default I2C pins to a custom set in the overlay. As previously stated, I will show how various pin configurations for the "default" and "sleep" modes can be useful as power-saving features in a subsequent blog post.

Adapting hardware configurations efficiently is crucial for ensuring the success of your embedded projects. At Silicon Signals, we specialize in creating custom solutions tailored to your needs, from Devicetree overlays to complete hardware and software development. Whether you're looking to modify peripherals or optimize your power-saving features, our team is here to guide you through the complexities and help you build the perfect solution.

👉 Contact Us Today and let's work together to enhance your embedded systems with expert hardware design and software development!

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Lessons in Boldness from Agency Trailblazer Steve Red, President/Co-CCO of RTO+P.

Steve Red, Chief Creative Officer and co-founder of Red Tettemer O'Connell + Partners, gives a candid chat about creating bold, unforgettable campaigns that cut through the noise. Steve pulls back the curtain on the agency's most iconic work—like the hilariously disruptive "Deets Nuts" Super Bowl spot with Craig Robinson, and reveals the creative principles that fuel their success. With a blend of intuition, passion, and an unwavering commitment to standout ideas, the team at RTO+P is setting the bar for independent agencies everywhere. Whether you're a filmmaker, creative, or just a fan of great advertising, this episode offers a masterclass in the art of making your work matter. Thanks Steve!

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This episode is eaxclty 60 minutes.

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