#Letter R Pronunciation

[susanhorak]

#spoken_english #تعلم #learn_english #تعلم_الانجليزية تعلم الإنجليزية - انطق R صح - Letter R Pronunciation اللغة في الأصل هي وسيلة للتواصل بين البشر، التواصل في المقام الأول يتم عبر التحدث والاستماع قبل أن يكون عبر الكتابة والقراءة، فما الفائدة عندما تعرف الكثير من القواعد وتحفظ الكثير من الكلمات الانجليزية (التي ربما يكون بعضها بنطق خاطئ) ما الفائدة في ذلك وأنت لن تتمكن من الخروج بهذه اللغة إلى العالم والتواصل مع البشر عن طريقها، قد تفيدك في قراءة بعض المقالات وفي تحصيل بعض العلم لكنها لن تكون يوماً ما لغة تواصل فعالة.

لو عجبك الفيديو اعمل مشاركة https://youtu.be/sYvI3Uk_EAE ليصلك كل جديد اشترك بالقناه http://bit.ly/2HQGd4q وانضم الينا على الفيسبوك https://www.facebook.com/groups/EnglishisfunwithNohaTolba

يمكنك الاستفادة من الدروس التالية انطق R صح - Letter R Pronunciation https://youtu.be/sYvI3Uk_EAE

رد الفعل بالانجلش - Reaction in English https://youtu.be/qvJKA3cewZY

استخدام الصفات - adjective words https://youtu.be/x7gfkydHh4k

رد الفعل للمواقف الحزينه - sadness reaction https://youtu.be/fD_26MLsPiY #مواقع_تعليم_انجليزي #برامج_تعليم_انجليزي #تعلم_اللغة_الانجليزية #تعلم #spoken_english #english_speaking_course_online #spoken_english_in_telugu #نهي_طلبة , Noha Tolba

[fingertipsmp3]

Okay I’ve finally learned to roll my Rs so I think that’s enough studying for today. No achievement will top that

[kod-lyoko]

.

[colossrat]

keranos? like the magic card?

Batman: I ask that when leaving, anyone who agrees with the approach proposed by me and Superman signs the pamphlet next to the door.

And then the heroes come out, whoever thinks it's a good idea to be discussed again at the next meeting signs with their hero name. but Captain Marvel was the first to sign, so he didn't see how the others signed and didn't know if he should use "Captain Marvel".

He has an argument with Solomon inside his own head that lasted a little less than a second, and in the end they come to a consensus that he can sign as one of the many names of the champion of magic. but they were so… simple… billy decided to add some details, a signature worthy of an entity that's zibilions of years old and a store of immense magic.

The other day, while Billy is "saving" some kitchen leftovers in his pocket dimension, Batman arrives and approaches him while holding a paper.

Batman: Captain… What did you put in the signatures?

Marvel: oh? hmm, my name?

Batman: your name... Can you tell me how to pronounce it?

Marvel: oh. Yes? Ahm, its Keranos. sorry, its hard to read?

Batman: no, it's okay. It was what I thought it could be. It's just that I never found these types of letters before, despite the similarity with the current alphabet…

Marvel noticed that he exaggerated a little with the decoration in the signature: yeah… it's a-- rune language that died a long, long, time ago, but I tried to mix it up a little with the letters from the current world so it wouldn't look so strange. The sound of the pronunciation is "keranos", so in our alphabet it could be written with k-e-r-a-n-o-s… Next time I'm going to use the normal alphabet, sorry… I… I didn't think that much when I wrote it.

Batman: of course. Don't worry captain. I can't imagine what it must be like to live in a world where your name can no longer be written the way it should be.

Marvel: its... ok, i like Marvel a lot too.

Batman: So… would you like us to start calling you Keranos?

Marvel: well, if you want, of course, I have no problem. It's one of my oldest names. but you don't have to if it's confusing, you know, me having several names.

Batman: don't worry. It's a pleasure to meet you, Keranos.

Marvel: The pleasure is mine, mister batman sir!!

There are several league members hiding in the hallway near the kitchen, whispering.

Flash: that's so cool! Marvel is so tight with his personal information, but he's letting go, he even gave us one of his names! That means he's finally opening up, right?

Wonder Woman: Indeed. Keranos… This name is familiar to me from the stories my sisters and I told each other. a god of the wrath of storms…

Hal: Just like the magic card???

Superman: I remembered that too. It's literally the definition of the creature, isn't it?

Hal: technically it's only a creature if your devotion is less than seven, anyway. even the way it is written.

Flash: my god, you are two nerds.

If one day they ask Marvel about the magic card, he will be genuinely confused because he didn't know it. billy never had the money to buy these games.

"oh, is there a game card with my name? a god of storms? wow, I'm embarrassed, I didn't know that name had been kept alive by these stories haha"

I was playing with Billy and Marvel's signature, thinking about how they would write differently in each form, and I ended up thinking about this

I don't know if the captain's fandom took keranos from the magic card, but that's what I found when I looked up the name and I thought it was brilliant

[yeoldenews]

While we’re on the subject of names, is there an explanation for how traditional nicknames came about that are seemingly unrelated to, or have little in common with, the original name?

ie- John/Jack, Richard/Dick, Henry/Harry/Hank, Charles/Chuck, Margaret/Peggy/Daisy, Sarah/Sally, Mary/Molly, Anne/Nan, etc

I am actually over a week into researching a huge follow-up post (probably more than one if I’m being honest) about the history of nickname usage, so I will be going into this in much, much more detail at a hopefully not-so-later date - if I have not lost my mind. (Two days ago I spent three hours chasing down a source lead that turned out to be a typographical error from 1727 that was then quoted in source after source for the next 150 years.)

As a preview though, here’s some info about the names you mentioned:

The origins of a good portion of common English nicknames come down to the simple fact that people really, really like rhyming things. Will 🠞Bill, Rob🠞Bob, Rick🠞Dick, Meg🠞Peg.

It may seem like a weird reason, but how many of you have known an Anna/Hannah-Banana? I exclusively refer to my Mom’s cat as Toes even though her name is Moe (Moesie-Toesies 🠞 Toesies 🠞 Toes).

Jack likely evolved from the use of the Middle English diminutive suffix “-chen” - pronounced (and often spelled) “-kyn” or “kin”. The use of -chen as a diminutive suffix still endures in modern German - as in “liebchen” = sweetheart (lieb “love” + -chen).

John (Jan) 🠞 Jankin 🠞 Jackin 🠞 Jack.

Hank was also originally a nickname for John from the same source. I and J were not distinct letters in English until the 17th Century. “Iankin” would have been nearly indistinguishable in pronunciation from “Hankin” due to H-dropping. It’s believed to have switched over to being a nickname for Henry in early Colonial America due to the English being exposed to the Dutch nickname for Henrik - “Henk”.

Harry is thought to be a remnant of how Henry was pronounced up until the early modern era. The name was introduced to England during the Norman conquest as the French Henri (On-REE). The already muted nasal n was dropped in the English pronunciation. With a lack of standardized spelling, the two names were used interchangeably in records throughout the middle ages. So all the early English King Henrys would have written their name Henry and pronounced it Harry.

Sally and Molly likely developed simply because little kids can’t say R’s or L’s. Mary 🠞 Mawy 🠞 Molly. Sary 🠞 Sawy 🠞 Sally.

Daisy became a nickname for Margaret because in French garden daisies are called marguerites.

Nan for Anne is an example of a very cool linguistic process called rebracketing, where two words that are often said/written together transfer letters/morphemes over time. The English use of “an” instead of “a” before words beginning with vowels is a common cause of rebracketing. For example: the Middle English “an eute” became “a newt”, and “a napron” became “an apron”. In the case of nicknames the use of the archaic possessive “mine” is often the culprit. “Mine Anne” over time became “My Nan” as “mine” fell out of use. Ned and Nell have the same origin.

Oddly enough the word “nickname” is itself a result of rebracketing, from the Middle English “an eke (meaning additional) name”.

I realized earlier this week that my cat (Toe’s sister) also has a rebracketing nickname. Her name is Mina, but I call her Nom Nom - formed by me being very annoying and saying her name a bunch of time in a row - miNAMiNAMiNAM.

Chuck is a very modern (20th century) nickname which I’ll have to get back to you on as I started my research in the 16th century and am only up to the 1810s so far lol.

[official-linguistics-post]

Is there a term for how some letters sound rounded(?) in some accents? For example, my grandparents pronounce "wash" kind of like "worsh." I wasn't sure if it's considered a drawl because the word doesn't sound longer to me

that's intrusive R or epenthetic R! it's one example of a process called epenthesis which involves adding sounds to a word's pronunciation.

[grymm-gardens]

Cassandra and the Nevarran Accent

and how it is a perfect recreation of the dead Gothic language

Accidentally discovered that Cassandra Pentaghast's accent matches up flawlessly with the extinct language of the Ostrogoths, and the Visigoths of pre-medieval Europe a few years ago and many of you wanted to see my notes so ive polished them up as much as I feel like and I am blessing you all with them now

I'll start by just going over the gothic language basics and then giving some good examples of Cassandra speaking, I am not a linguistics or etymology expert by any means, I am just a dumb ass who really likes ancient languages so bear with me, and ask questions if i make no sense

Gothic Language Basics

Phonetics-

Gothic does have very similar pronunciation to other Germanic languages with a few differences from it Frankish, and roman neighbors.

I am focusing on the basic and grammar and pronunciation as well as the phonetic alphabet, Gothic had a runic alphabet so there are a few letter without direct cognates and those will be spelled as they are pronounced for convenience

Rules - E, and O are always long, I is always short, A and U have both short an long variations EI digraph pronounced as long eye IU falling diphthong as in ew AI and AU digraphs each with numerous pronunciations

Short vowels - a, aí, i, aú, u Long               - ā, ē, ai, ei, ō, au, ū Diphthongs - ái, áu, iu Consonants  - b, g, d, kwa, z, h, th, k, l, m, n, ya/ja, p, r, s, t, w, f, x/ks, hw Significant Phonetics and Grammar

A lack of a short o sound, shift to an au sound instead

typical pronunciation of th, as well as V and W

light emphasis on the "hwh" sound of WH

Guttural sounds on vowels a, au, o ,u, and on consonants k, g, h

partly pitch, partly stress accent (think swedish as a very melodic example, german for a more stress based example)

no switching of the v and w pronunciation as seen in some west germanic languages

no rhotic r

no evidence of the Germanic umlaut

The way that i was going to have audio of her speaking here but tumblr is being a fucking menace so you will just have listen for yourselves, but pay close attention to how you will hear inconsistent pronunciation of the short o sound as in cot, no pronounced rhotic r's, proper th pronunciation, as well as her unique stresses on many other vowels

this isnt even to mention her hallmark guttural ugh sounds which are so unbelievably consistent with gothic it makes my heart sing

Some bonus Geographical Evidence if we look at the neighboring countries and languages at the time gothic was in use we see The roman empire - heavy use of greek and latin, the Franks - origins of the french language, the saxons -an ancestors of modern germans, the britons -ancestor of modern day britain and the empire of hispania - modern day spain these match up extremely well with nevarras neighboring countries being Orlais, The Anderfels, Tevinter, The Free Marches, even the way the Antiva is seperated from Nevarra by Tevinter matches the way The roman empire is positioned bewteen the goths and hispania The direct equivilents match up as Nevarra -The Goths Tevinter -The roman empire Antiva - Hispania Orlais - The Franks Ferelden/The Free Marches - Briton/Germanic States The Anderfels - Saxony Considering how much this geography influenced the gothic language its reasonable to assume Orlais, Tevinter, The Anderfels and The Free marches should have had similar effects on nevarran language.

maps for reference

Primary source was this Gothic Grammar Guide by Joseph Wright from 1910 that was based on the king james bible translation done by 4th century gothic priest Ulfilas

[tulliolamonster]

I had some free time and tried to figure out a bit more about Old Cybertronian.

First, the alphabet is just a cypher for the English alphabet. Very fun for finding cute hidden messages, but not useful for finding the sounds each letter makes (unless you assume they’re pronounced like their English alphabet counterparts, which I do not).

Most of the examples of spoken Old Cybertronian in the comics is spoken by fluent speakers (like Vos and Cyclonus). As a result, their dialogue isn’t much help for phonetics either. However, we do get a bit of an insight when Cyclonus attempts to teach Tailgate a song. Mispronunciations in the dialogue of new speakers can give an understanding of which sounds a new speaker familiar with the descendant language might not be able to distinguish. These mistakes might mean the sounds of those letters are similar.

The song fragment we see Cyclonus teach can be deciphered as “I’VE GOT MY OWN” (Old Cybertronian doesn’t seem to have an upper and lower case). Tailgate’s first attempt is deciphered as “I’VE GOQMY RWN” (spacing is true to speech bubble). From this, we can see two things: 1) the “T” and “Q” sounds are easily conflated by new speakers, and 2) the “O” and “R” sounds are as well.

The “T” and “Q” conflation doesn’t seem to be that odd to me. In English, they’re both unvoiced aspirates made by blocking the flow of air through the mouth; the main difference is the location of that block (front of the mouth/teeth for “T,” back of the mouth/soft palate for “Q” and “K”). Though we don’t know what it would sound like, from this we can assume Old Cybertronian has at minimum one, likely more, distinct unvoiced aspirates.

“O” and “R” is different. It seems a little unusual for a vowel to be understood as a consonant… UNLESS that vowel is actually the result of a language that places greater emphasis on the voicing (movement of the vocal chords during pronunciation) of the consonant instead of viewing the consonant and vowel as distinct sounds. Perhaps, then, what readers might understand as an “oh” sound (like in “own”) is actually an “rrh” sound with voicing before it.

I think this focus on consonant sounds, their placement in the mouth/throat, and their voiced/unvoiced qualities makes sense for Old Cybertronian. Other examples of the language in the comics that don’t use the Old Cybertronian alphabet are almost always a string of consonants. On top of that, these sounds might be more easily replicated across Cybertronians with significantly different facial structures (lacking lips, animal heads, hollow cheeks, etc) by replacing them with more metallic sounds. Unvoiced, unaspirated stops could be made by tapping parts of the faceplate together. Aspirates are the same with a short burst of ventilation. Certain kinds of voicing could be made by rumbling engines, etc. We know there’s some kind of screeching and groaning involved, we just don’t know where or by what means

I couldn’t easily find more examples of characters learning Old Cybertronian, but if there are more, I’d love to see them! I’d like a larger sample pool to more accurately guess what it might sound like in real life.

Please feel free to share your thoughts!

[serpentface]

How do you go about words and language in your worldbuilding? im curious about your method and also it just feels good to try to pronounce the words you use, I love it

Most of it started back-engineering languages based on character/creature/place names I put together before having any guidelines and just like a vague Vibe of what the language would sound like. Nowadays I have cfull naming languages for the major languages I will be using regularly, maintain glossaries, etc. Most of the words I have to worry about are in Wardi so that's the most detailed of all.

I think a good starting point is to make a decision on what consonant sounds you want to be present in any given language. I Did Not Do this until later but the best way to go if you're serious about it is to learn (or at least reference) the IPA so you have a very clear understanding of which phonemes are in the language rather than just going off letters (which can have multiple different pronunciations within the same language), and use it to make a naming language. (Should note I only have very entry level understanding of the IPA)

this guide for naming languages is pretty good and helps you understand the IPA and what its terms mean

[x] full IPA pronunciation guide

[x] if your first language is a North American English vernacular, this is just a good starting point to learn how the sounds You regularly use are represented in the IPA.

I think this step is really important if you want to have coherent pronunciation rules (and is just good for learning how languages work on the most basic level) but if you just need Words That Look Good On Paper In The Latin Alphabet you can somewhat narrow this down to choosing consonant sounds from This alphabet.

So like from that simplified angle Wardi doesn't have the sounds represented by the english Z V and X, I will not produce a word from that language containing these letters (backed myself into a corner early on by giving SEVERAL characters names with these letters. I was able to write around this very easily by having them be foreign names pronounced differently by native speakers, but stuck with the original spellings. This is an unresolved issue and I should really be spelling the names as 'Faitsa' 'Saitsen' 'Lifya' 'Stawis' for more clarity).

From the more complicated angle, Wardi does not have the /θ/ ('thorn') /ð/ ('thy') /z/ ('zebra') /ʒ/ ('genre') /v/ ('vowel') /æ/ ('atlas') sounds, which I use to inform spelling (so also avoiding 'th', and any 'g's that would intuitively be read as a soft G by an English speaker).

There's also sounds I've established as present here that are not present in/close analogues to sounds in English or directly representable by the Latin alphabet - /r/ (rolled r) /ɾ/ (post alveolar flap r) / t͡s/ (like 'tsetse') ((also I've been having difficulty determining what this sound is in the IPA, but a sort of flapped 'L'), (also dental clicks used as consonants in a rare few words and more frequently as an interjection that adds emphasis to words without changing their core information, and as a filler sound). I can't indicate most of these in spelling with any clarity so it's mostly for my own use.

Romanization in general is kind of tricky and is ultimately semi-arbitrary to begin with (presuming you're constructing a language for a setting in which the Latin alphabet doesn't exist). The best way to do it is a non-vibes based way where you set up rules for what letters represent which sounds. This is an area I've been sloppy with/have rules that aren't readily apparent ('ch' spellings in Wardi can denote either a /k/ ('cog') or 'tʃ' ('cherry') sound depending on surrounding vowels, lone 'c' always has a /k/ sound, with 'ch' used in its place where English speakers would otherwise presume a soft C. This means I shouldn't need to have Any words represented with a letter K whatsoever but a few have slipped through anyway).

I would say like, 25% of the words I've constructed are Entirely just putting Canonically Appropriate vowels and consonants together in a way that look good and stick to established rules. But in doing so once I establish a word and its meaning I'll try to pick out roots that I can use again when constructing words with related concepts.

So for an example where I did this in a ultra simple capacity of just Putting Roots Together:

An/ana- root pertaining to fresh water, clean water

Nae- root pertaining to a narrow pathway, implies carrying/movement

Pel/pele- root pertaining to saltwater, undrinkable water

Nau- root pertaining to something that holds/enfolds, mostly in an abstract/cosmological sense

From this:

Anae: river ('freshwater path')

Pelennau: ocean ('enfolding saltwater' (specifically influenced by cosmology in which the world is functionally an island atop an infinite sea)

Pelenae: estuary ('saltwater path')

These roots don't have to be limitations (the same assemblage of letters can occur in words that wouldn't have any obvious etymological relations to an established root), especially if you aren't setting out to make a fully fleshed out hard conlang, it just helps establish a sense of coherency and connectedness in a given language. (Also if you want your language to be really fleshed out you probably shouldn't Just do the 'mashing roots together' thing, pronunciation of words drifts away from their root components over time).

Anyway yeah that's the general methodology I use. I'm very new and entry level at conlanging so it's pretty simple and sloppy but it serves its purpose well enough.

[janmisali]

Letter Tournament: STIRRUP R vs C

ꭅ (Stirrup R)

SEED: 46

CODEPOINT: U+AB45 LATIN SMALL LETTER STIRRUP R

BIO: gonna be honest Teuthonista I don't think this counts as a version of the letter R. come up with a different name for this thing.

C

SEED: 83

CODEPOINTS: U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C, U+0063 LATIN SMALL LETTER C

BIO: one time I said it's not possible to remove the letter C in English spelling by replacing it with either K or S depending on the word, because there's words like "cello" where it doesn't have either pronunciation, and I got a few dozen comments saying um actually in the word cello C isn't pronounced like K or S so it doesn't work for that word. thanks everyone

[link to all polls]

[otaku553]

So apparently I have gone off the other end of mispronouncing anime names, because I was reading Tage like Target if you removed the r and the second t. So タゲ　(or たげ) .

I just find it kind of funny, because there was a time where I used to read Hokage as Hoka-je and now it’s happened again but in reverse. (Why does English use g as a second j sometimes?)

Nice pun, though!

Haha that’s hilarious!

I did include his name and epithet in Japanese on the reference sheet but here it is again :) I’ll make a proper wanted poster at some point at a later date.

Fun fact, when coming up with his name, I did actually search up Tage as a name and how it might be pronounced and it does seem to actually be an existing name. You can look up pronunciation videos but it’s pronounced with the hard g like you think! In this case though, to better fit the pun, I have it pronounced as written here.

Fun fact 2! When brainstorming names, one of my ideas was Soba, both as a rearrangement of the letters in his name and as a joke on how Sabo’s favorite food before amnesia was ramen. This was scrapped pretty quickly because we thought it might be too obvious.

[chuuyaa-nakaharaa]

Chuuya runs his hands through Dazai's hair.

*rolling on the floor, groaning.*

— @dazaii-osamuu

Not again.. Get up you idiot!

[hailturinturambar]

This may have been accidental or planned, but rewatching both seasons I realized that only Elrond and Galadriel pronounce their respective names differently.

Obviously, the difference in the pronunciation of names and words when they are spoken by other peoples is notable. Dwarves, Men and Elves pronounce names and words with varying intonations.

But what strikes me about Elrond and Galadriel is that they pronounce differently even from other Elves.

Tolkien linguistics and pronunciation is not a subject I am so familiar with, so I may not be expressing myself very well. It is important to emphasize that my understanding is also based on the perspective of how the language is in my country.

Elrond pronounces "Galadriel" with more emphasis on the last vowels e and i and the letter l. While Galadriel pronounces "Elrond" with more emphasis on the consonants r and n and the vowel o.

At times Galadriel's pronunciation is stronger, as in episode four of season two. Perhaps the intonation intensifies in moments of high emotion? Maybe. It's just an observation of mine that I wanted to comment on.

[official-wales]

Any advice for first language English speakers trying to learn Welsh?

sacrifice yourself to y ddraig goch and ascend into her kingdom of fire

Diolch yn fawr iawn! I'm a second language South Walian myself, so my Welsh is gonna be different to a first language North Walian, for example. But, we roll with it.

Start small

I don't know if you're in Wales, or elsewhere, but just introducing little Welsh phrases is a good place to start, like greetings. Don't worry about making mistakes, or being misunderstood. Everyone will know what you mean, and most people will be pleased you're using Welsh!

Hello - Shwmae/Helo

Good bye - Hwyl fawr

How are you? - Sut dych chi? (very formal), Sut wyt ti? (less formal)

Thank you (very much) - Diolch (yn fawr)

Please - O's gwelwch yn dda

Good morning - Bore da

Good afternoon - Prynhawn da

Good night - Nos da

Welcome - Croeso

If you ARE in Wales, look out for people wearing little orange speech mark badges in public places, like shops. These mean they are fluent, or learning Welsh, and will be happy to talk with you in the language.

2. Understanding pronunciation

Sometimes English speakers get tripped up by Welsh spelling, especially when mutations are involved. You've probably heard the old "it's just a keyboard smash language!", when honestly Welsh makes more sense than English (every letter is pronounced the same every time, unlike English, where it's a lottery).

Here's some major-ish differences to the English alphabet:

a - "ah" (apple)

ch - like a gutteral cat hiss? Or like you're trying to get phlegm out of the back of your throat.

dd - "th" (these)

e - "eh" (elephant)

f - "v" (velcro)

ff - "f" (fantastic)

i - "ee" (queen)

ll - like you're blowing air out the side of your tongue, while the tip is just behind your teeth. May take some practice, but it's a VERY common sound

r - roll that letter, baby. like an Italian

rh - like a breathy r. Use your teeth

u - "ih" (hit)

w - "ooh" (spoon)

y - "uh" (under) or sometimes "ih" (inside)

(there is no j, k, q or v in the Welsh alphabet. But that doesn't stop some anglicised words like "jam")

3. Mutations

Mutations are ways Welsh words change, depending on what comes before or after them. There are loads of mutations, but you can be understood without using them/forgetting them, so don't worry too much. They're quite easy to learn too.

For example:

Diflas - Boring

Mae Owen yn ddiflas - Owen is boring

The 'd' changes to a 'dd'. Because mutations. Don't ask me why.

Here's a guide to mutations that can explain it better than I can.

4. Find some sick Welsh media

Maybe you're into podcasts, or soap operas, or rock music, or food blogs, or children's books, or Eisteddfod poetry, or-

HERE'S SOME HANDPICKED STUFF FROM YOURS TRULY:

Hansh on Twitter, YouTube and iPlayer - comedy and more platform. Quite random.

Adwaith - Welsh-language, all-female, indie rock band from Carmarthenshire. Won the Welsh Music Prize in 2022.

Duolingo Welsh course - Recently, Duolingo announced they were going to stop updating the course, which led to some BIG OUTCRIES in Welsh news. Worth looking in to.

Learn Welsh - resources, schemes, audiobooks and more to help people learn Welsh in a way that suits them. 16-25 year olds can learn for free. You can book face to face lessons, online self-learning, learn with other learners, search courses near you and loads of other stuff. Good to explore.

Ap Treiglo and Ap Geiriadur - free apps to help with mutations and vocabulary. Ap Geiriadur is designed by Bangor University.

Siarad - Voluntary scheme to help people increase their confidence using Welsh. You're matched with a fluent Welsh speaker, and can go through three levels of proficiency. You arrange to meet up, or learn online - whatever suits you!

S4C - The Welsh language broadcasting service. Has everything: news, Gogglebocs Cymru, drama, documentaries, you name it.

Doctor Cymraeg - really successful tiktok and instagram account. Teaches about bitesized Welsh language facts, vocabulary and funny things. Also always films them when out on a walk, with the expression of a high school teacher who's just watched his pupils try and fail to make the leaning tower of pisa out of gluesticks. Classic.

5. TYMBLR

There are LOADS of people learning Welsh on here for the first time, and interacting with them is one of the best ways to get into the language online. #dysgu cymraeg is a good tag.

Sorry for the long post, but ta da! I am by no means an expert, but with your help anon, we can get everyone speaking Welsh by nightfall. The plan is in motion. Godspeed.

[apple-onigiri]

hi! :) its headcanon thursday! 

i’ve recently found out i’ve been saying odile wrong this entire time, because apparently “oh-deal” is french and technically correct for a vaugardian name. and it’s not “oh-dial” (a la croc-odile) like i’ve been saying this whole time. 

anyway following that train of thought. you know that thing where like. you have a name in a language you do not speak, but its your parents', and so you say it wrong but its the only way you know how to say it, because that's how people around you say it in their language, in their accent? even if your parents still say it right. even if they try to teach you. but the people who know that language your name is in? they can tell you’re saying it wrong. most of them won’t try to correct you because, honestly, how rude is it to correct someone on how to pronounce their own name?? but you can hear it in the way they struggle to pronounce it the way you do, the way you know it's supposed to be pronounced but can't.

so, even if oh-deal is the correct way of pronouncing it because french, h/c that odile does not in fact pronounce it that way because yes her name is vaugardian, but her dad isn’t, and neither were the people around her while she was young. she grows up learning to speak it a different way. not even necessarily like. croc-odile. just different. 

and people in ka bue pronounced it wrong and she, too, knows its pronounced wrong, she just doesnt know how to make it work. and her vaugardian name may have been a source of alienation between her and her peers in ka bue, but her ka buen pronunciation of her name in itself is a source of alienation between her and the people in vaugarde. 

something about distances that can never be truly breached and molding yourself to fit whatever box that you think people have set out for you. 

(this, ofc, assumes that odile went by. well. odile. in ka bue. i dont remember if its mentioned anywhere if she is. but assuming that!!)

omg hiii headcanon thursday!!

this ask is soooo fun! but so unfortunate. you've activated my trap card. i'm a linguist. ohhh boy

this is an issue of phonetics being specific to languages, or, more specifically, language families. what that means is that a person born in italy and raised hearing, speaking and using italian in everyday life might not have as much issue learning the correct pronunciation of spanish because the phonetic profile of those two languages is not that distinct (tho small differences in words spelled the same like "dulce" might trip you up). most phonemes present in one are going to be familiar to the native speaker of the other because both spanish and italian are romance languages

this is not the case for, again as an example, an italian speaker suddenly attempting to learn hungarian or german. the sounds used in the languages are just different and neither your brain nor your body (i.e. your tongue and/or larynx) know how to accommodate it. i've actually had first-hand experience with this when learning english - the 'TH' sound especially. it's not present in my native language so it was causing me trouble, and for a long time my brain just rounded it up to either a 't' or an 'f'. i probably wouldn't have grasped it had it not been for the fact i've been learning english for the majority of my life

(this is why it's good to teach kids languages - their brains aren't that set in their ways yet and have enough memory space to encode this better. this talk of kids being like sponges with languages has a lot of credence!)

when it comes to odile, if her name were to be pronounced differently in ka bue, it would probably would be less o-dial and more the way it's suggested in the JP translation, オディール, so o-dī-ru. that's because asian languages don't really have an "L" sound and they conflate it with "R". they're also ruled by syllables more than singular letters, so it's hard to finish a word without a vowel at the end, unless the sound there is nasal or glottal. if that was the name she used in ka bue, i can imagine it being pronounced like that

and while i think odile wouldn't outright pronounce it that way especially after learning enough vaugardian to be fluent, it wouldn't surprise me if she pronounced it more akin to o-dirr, again, because of that L/R discrepancy. it'd probably frustrate her a lot that she can't just make her tongue shift in her mouth the way she wants it to to pronounce it in a way indistinguishable to a native speaker

we do however get the detail that she has more names than just odile - it's a conversation in the classroom by the student list, i think. and this made me think of how many people with, for example, chinese names, who function within a predominantly english-speaking environment, adopt english names for themselves to make the matter of communicating less complicated. it could very well be the case of odile taking on this name down the line, as part of her efforts to reconnect with the vaugardian half of her heritage

a fun consequence of this would be odile and siffrin being able to bond over picking names typical for vaugarde despite obviously and visibly not being from there. because yeah, in canon siffrin's name is not pronounced the way you would in english either!

gosh this got long!! so sorry! but it was just really fun to ponder this []~(￣▽￣)~* thank you for the ask, xen!!

[ilsolefiesta]

random astrological jam

just some absolutely random thoughts I had today while working:

♥ the strongest "mothering mother" I've ever seen is the 4th house Leo Sun with Cancer IC. we all know how lionesses protect their cubs. this quality goes to extremes when one of the most family-oriented signs rules the family house... my aunt has this placement, and she is so passionately devoted to our family. sometimes, she gives me the vibes of Dominic Toretto. we also laugh about how she can change the subject of literally any conversation to her daughter. - the weather is getting worse. - my daughter once became ill during such weather... - wow, his sport skills are amazing. - you know, my daughter used to be a captain of baseball team when she studied at school. - I think there's something wrong with my stomach. - you even have no idea what terrible diarrhea my daughter once had. (her daughter is around 30 already...)

♥ people with strong mutable placements, how often do people tell you that you seem taller than you actually are? or they thought that you were in fact taller than you are?

♥ having Cancer ASC and/or the Moon in the 1st house, along with Scorpio Sun, really creates an "angel in disguise" impression. people with these placements look SO DAMN innocent but then you begin to know them better...

♥ it’s so funny how strong Leo placements can be so obvious in their “godly” self-perception, to the point where you can't even be angry with them. my friend has a Leo stellium (Sun, Mars, Mercury). it was my birthday, so we were planning to have a party at a restaurant. she was the only one who arrived late, and it took her more than 30 minutes after the planned time. and the first thing she said when she arrived wasn’t “happy birthday” or “sorry for being late” etc. it literally was:

- just look at me. I look so damn gorgeous today, don’t you think so?

I thought I was going to die laughing.

♥ aspects of Mercury with Uranus/Chiron can make a person having a rhotacism or some other difficulties with pronunciation. for example, my former classmate and I both struggle with the letter "R" in our speech. however, my Mercury and Uranus form a trine, so people usually don't even notice it unless they are trying to listen for it intentionally. on the contrary, my classmate had a square between them. sometimes it was really hard for people to understand her.

♥ I believe that even though Capricorn ASC people may have other strong placements, they look their best wearing minimalistic clothes. like they are so self-sufficient that the rule "the simpler, the better" works for them 100% of the time.

♥ maybe it has another name in English or I misspelled it somehow (please let me know if you know what it's called). but I haven't seen any articles about Doryphory/Doryphoros and the Charioteer of the Sun in English. however, it's very popular among post-Soviet astrologers.

if you don't know, here's the idea: the Sun is the King, and Doryphory is its supportive power, like a squire. it's the planet that comes before the Sun. check it out. it can, together with the Ascendant, reveal the first impression from you. on the other hand, the planet after the Sun - the Charioteer - can show what you're remembered for in the end.

for example, my Sun is in the 1st house and the first planet behind (clockwise) is my 12th house Mars. I’m always told that I look like self-collected, confident go-getter at first glance. however, Mercury which goes after Sun usually leaves people feeling that I am overthinking and a little nervous. my sister’s Doryphory is Gemini Mercury (harshly squared, however). sometimes it really seems challenging for her to stop talking. she looks like such a chatterbox. however, people usually remember her for her good looks. her Sun is followed by Venus. as for my grandma, her Doryphory is Moon and the Charioteer is Mercury. she is the most prominent example of someone who often says or does something emotionally and then thinks about whether it was the right thing to do or not. Thank you for reading! Have a nice day! Picture credits: Pinterest