#Industrial Phenols Industry

[surbhijamdade]

Industrial Phenols Market Size and Share Analysis: Key Growth Trends and Projections

Industrial Phenols Market Strategies: Taking Advantage of Trends to Drive Growth in 2032

The Industrial Phenols Market Report provides essential insights for business strategists, offering a comprehensive overview of industry trends and growth projections. It includes detailed historical and future data on costs, revenues, supply, and demand, where applicable. The report features an in-depth analysis of the value chain and distributor networks.

According to Straits Research, the global Industrial Phenols Market market size was valued at USD 16.83 billion in 2023. It is projected to reach from USD 17.64 billion in 2024 to USD 25.81 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 4.87% during the forecast period (2024–2032).

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TOP Key Industry Players of the Industrial Phenols Market

Aditya Birla Chemicals

Bayer Material Science

PTT Phenol

Shandong Sheng Quan Chemicals Co. Ltd.

ALTIVIA Chemicals, LLC

Ineos AG

Domo Investment Group Nv

Deepak Nitrite Limited

CEPSA Química, S.A.

PTT Global Chemical Public Company Limited

Solvay SA

Mitsui Chemicals, Inc

AdvanSix Inc.

Royal Dutch Shell plc

Global Industrial Phenols Market: Segmentation

As a result of the Industrial Phenols market segmentation, the market is divided into sub-segments based on product type, application, as well as regional and country-level forecasts. 

By Manufacturing Process

Cumene Process

Raschig Process

Dow Process

By Phenol Derivative

Bisphenol A (BPA)

Alkyl Phenols

Chlorophenols

Caprolactam

Salicylic Acid

By Applications

Plastic Manufacturing

Electronics

Automobiles

Cosmetics

Disinfectant

Others

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Reasons for Buying This Report:

Provides an analysis of the evolving competitive landscape of the Automatic Rising Arm Barriers market.

Offers analytical insights and strategic planning guidance to support informed business decisions.

Highlights key market dynamics, including drivers, restraints, emerging trends, developments, and opportunities.

Includes market estimates by region and profiles of various industry stakeholders.

Aids in understanding critical market segments.

Delivers extensive data on trends that could impact market growth.

Research Methodology:

Utilizes a robust methodology involving data triangulation with top-down and bottom-up approaches.

Validates market estimates through primary research with key stakeholders.

Estimates market size and forecasts for different segments at global, regional, and country levels using reliable published sources and stakeholder interviews.

About Straits Research

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[chemicalmarketwatch-sp]

Phenolic Resin Market: A Multifaceted Gem for Chemical Industry Professionals

The global phenolic resin market is a shining example of resilience and adaptability in the chemical industry. Valued at USD 11.7 billion in 2021, it's projected to reach a cool USD 14.4 billion by 2026, driven by a steady 4.3% CAGR. This growth isn't just happenstance; it's fueled by a potent cocktail of factors that make phenolic resins a true gem for chemical professionals.

Unveiling the Allure of Phenolic Resins:

Phenolic resins aren't your average Joe. They boast a unique blend of properties that make them the envy of the chemical world:

Heat Resistant Hero: Think scorching temperatures. Phenolic resins shrug them off with ease, making them ideal for automotive parts and electrical components that need to withstand the heat.

Molding Master: Need a resin that can be shaped into intricate forms? Phenolic resins are your go-to. They readily conform to your desired design, making them perfect for construction materials and insulation panels.

Strength in Numbers: Don't underestimate the brawn of phenolic resins. They possess impressive mechanical strength, making them the backbone of durable adhesives, wood panels, and foundry binders.

Smoke Signals of Safety: When things get hot, phenolic resins keep their cool. They emit minimal smoke, ensuring safety in applications like aircraft interiors and fire-resistant materials.

Polymer Playmate: Phenolic resins are team players. They blend seamlessly with other polymers, expanding their application possibilities and boosting their versatility.

Riding the Wave of Growth:

The allure of phenolic resins extends beyond their intrinsic properties. They're riding a wave of growth fueled by several megatrends:

Automotive Boom: The quest for fuel-efficient and lightweight vehicles is music to the ears of phenolic resin manufacturers. These resins enable lighter cars through their use in adhesives, reducing weight and emissions.

APAC's Ascendancy: The Asia-Pacific region, with its booming construction and automotive sectors, is becoming a hotbed for phenolic resins. China, India, and Indonesia are leading the charge, creating a vast and dynamic market.

Seizing the Opportunity:

Despite these headwinds, the future of phenolic resins is bright. Here's how chemical professionals can capitalize on this potential:

Innovation Incubator: Develop novel phenolic resin formulations that address specific industry needs and comply with environmental regulations. Think flame-retardant resins for construction or bio-based resins for sustainable solutions.

Target the Titans: Align your offerings with the booming automotive and construction sectors in APAC. Develop lightweighting solutions for cars and durable materials for infrastructure projects.

Streamline the Symphony: Optimize production processes and forge strong relationships with suppliers to mitigate the impact of volatile raw material costs.

Collaboration is Key: Partner with other industry players to develop advanced applications for phenolic resins, like self-healing composites or 3D printing materials.

Inquire  Before Buying : 

By embracing these strategies and capitalizing on the unique properties and growth potential of phenolic resins, chemical professionals can carve out a niche in this dynamic and rewarding market. Remember, the future is bright for those who can adapt, innovate, and collaborate in the ever-evolving world of chemicals.

[chemalan]

Phenolic resin

We are HUAXIAN YIBANG CHEMICAL CO.,LTD in CHINA.

High quality rubber chemicals for sale. Anyone who is interested in it, pls contact me.😀😀

Email: chemsales417@outlook.com WhatsAPP(wechat): 0086 18567682886

[organicmarketresearch]

Global Industrial Phenolic Resin Market.

Global Industrial Phenolic Resin industry vary by region and are important and expanding. Below is a quick summary of the industry's regional analysis.

[wahid007posts]

The global Phenolic Resin Market is estimated at USD 11.7 Billion in 2021 and is projected to reach USD 14.4 Billion by 2026, at a CAGR of 4.3% between 2021 and 2026. Phenolic resins are the oldest synthetic polymers obtained from the reaction of phenol and formaldehyde. They are a class of thermosetting resins.

[literaryvein-reblogs]

Writing Analysis: East of Eden (Cultural References)

IWW: IWW stands for the Industrial Workers of the World, an international union which achieved the height of its membership and power in the early 1920s. Colloquially, they were known as the Wobblies and were primarily focused on promoting the interests of the world’s growing class of industrial workers.

Woodmen of the World: fraternal organization founded in 1890 which also functions as a private insurance company for its members.

Bindle-stiffs: colloquial for migrant workers; hoboes.

Paregoric: 18th and 19th century home remedy with varied uses (diarrhea, cough suppressant). Main ingredient is opium. Was available as an over-the-counter drug in the United States until 1973, when it was classified as a narcotic and is now only available by prescription.

Iron Wine Tonic: a tonic used to regain strength. Contained wine and iron citrate.

Lydia Pinkham: an herb and alcohol based tonic name after its inventor. Used to alleviate menstrual pains.

Carbolic Acid: also known as phenol. In small doses, is used in the production of many common cosmetic products. In large doses, it is a poison.

Epsom Salts: magnesium and sulfur compound. Can be used as a laxative, but is also used for bath salts.

Castor Oil: odorless and tasteless oil from the Castor plant. Was a popular home remedy for constipation.

Model T: first mass produced American automobile by Henry Ford’s Ford Motor Company. Fifteen million Model Ts were produced between 1908-1927.

Magneto: an electrical generator. For the Model T, a flywheel magneto produced alternating currents of electricity to a coal and could be considered the equivalent of a modern day alternator.

Quartermaster Corps: a logistical branch of the U.S. Army providing service support, such as material (including ammunition) and food distribution, and field services such as repairs for showers/laundry/clothing.

Faro: a card game.

Fan-tan: popular Chinese casino game similar to roulette.

Hayburner: slang name for a horse.

Source ⚜ Writing Notes & References

[covid-safer-hotties]

also preserved at the archive

By: Jessica Wildfire

You don't need me to tell you how bad it's getting.

I'll tell you anyway, though.

As we drown in endless waves of Covid that generate millions of infections and thousands of deaths per week, our leaders have effectively stripped away every tool we have. They prefer a society that sacrifices themselves for short-term economic and political gains and then becomes ripe clientele for the pharmaceutical industry. They collude with the media to push out a daily barrage of misinformation aimed exclusively at ensuring we continue to work, shop, and vacation, because that's what they care about. Meanwhile, they do absolutely nothing about pandemics on the way as dozens of diseases spread out of control, at levels 10 times worse than normal. As the World Health Organization sounds alarms, telling us "we have arrived in the post-antibiotic era," and that we faced a future pandemic up to 20 times worse than Covid, our leaders focus on vibes. That last part should get our attention. Yes, we are here. We have arrived in the time when superbugs aren't responding to antibiotics. If that weren't bad enough, they're preying on our weakened immune systems.

And bird flu has likely gone human to human.

But it's not hopeless.

Four years ago, we looked to plants to protect us from pathogens because vaccines and treatments weren't coming anytime soon. The minute those vaccines and antivirals came out, most people forgot all about plants. They reverted to their old assumptions that plants were for hippies.

Well, here we are again.

Our vaccines and treatments are failing, and when they work they're often in short supply, or we can't even get access to them. Moms and dads are rolling out the NyQuil in little cutesie Facebook posts, along with all the pills that treat the symptoms but leave the disease itself to roam free all over your body.

We can do better.

As we mask while demanding clean air and better medicine, it's time to revisit those plants and see what they can do.

Do they even work?

Yeah, they do.

A 2024 review of studies in Viruses identified 10 different plant compounds with broad antiviral properties and effectiveness specific to Covid (and in many cases several other viruses). As they write, "plat-derived molecules can tackle viruses by acting on different aspects of their infection process" and "inhibit coronavirus/host protein pathways" by blocking them. The authors initially identified 45 different compounds and then narrowed them to the 10 most effective.

Plants work because they contain terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, and alkaloids that all demonstrate "high anti-viral potential against SARS-CoV-2 particles" as well as other viruses. They do this in a variety of ways that work across variants because they block virus entry while also tamping down replication and essentially "stopping its life cycle."

Sounds good to me...

Let's get into it.

First, ginkgo biloba contains two bioflavonoids called quercetin and rutin that can block Covid's 3CLPro BS PL-pro enzymes, as demonstrated in two different studies that looked at how they bind to parts of the spike protein. According to an article in Nature, 3CLPro plays a central role in virus replication, specifically for Covid. Ginkgo also contains kaempfero that inhibits Covid's envelope protein E, "consequently suppressing virus activity and proliferation." G. Biloba also brings an anti-inflammatory effect that can help with recovery as well.

Second, turmeric and curcumin "can either bind directly to the receptor binding domain of the viral S-proteins or secure ACE2 receptors of the hosted cell." Basically, they stop viral entry into your cells. As the authors write, a curcumin derivative called bi-demethoxycurcumin "displayed the best binding affinity" to spike proteins.

It also works on the original SARS virus.

Third, a common spice called artemesia annua demonstrated antiviral activity in clinical trials. The group who took an artemisia compound called artemisinin-piperaquine "took significantly less time to reach undetectable levels of SARS-CoV-2 than the controls." In fact, artemisinins "are known for their extended-spectrum antiviral activity." An artemisia derivative called artesunate has shown effectiveness against both DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis and HIV.

Artemesia compounds work similar to ginkgo by latching on to five different parts of the spike protein "which might explain its remarkable binding affinity." In addition to flavonoids like quercetin, researchers have identified di-caffeoylquinic acid as doing a lot of the heavy lifting here. Like curcumin, these flavonoids also bind to ACE2 receptors on your cells and protect them. Medical researchers are working on refining these compounds into artenimol, a single high-potency compound for giving to patients.

Fourth, nigella sativa (black cumin seeds) have shown antiviral activity by disrupting viral RNA transcription. Carvacrol and nigellidine extracted from these seeds "can block ACE2 receptors, thus inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cells."

Fifth, ginger (6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol) can inhibit parts of the Covid spike protein. Specifically, it's the bioactive compounds geraniol, shogaol, zingiberene, and zingiberenol that do the blocking.

Sixth, garlic (allium sativum) shows antiviral activity. It contains compounds called allicin, ajoene, and garlicin that work against several viruses in the same ways as the other compounds, by targeting spike proteins, disrupting transcription, and protecting your cells' entry channels.

Next:

Cinnamon at 50 ug/ml operates the same way as the other compounds, by blocking host cell entry and viral replication. Rosemary (rosmarinus officinale) shows effectiveness in blocking viral activity, even in a study that compared it to the antivirals remdesivir and favipiravir.

Want an unusual suspect?

It's dandelion.

Dandelion extract has shown to be "effective against influenza virus infection" and in higher concentrations "showed efficacy against spike proteins... and its different mutants" in human lung and kidney cells, while also helping to prevent the cytokine storm that's often so deadly in the acute stage. Here in particular, studies have shown that dandelion extract works regardless of the variant.

Finally, oregano (origanum vulgare) extract demonstrates antiviral activity against many DNA and RNA viruses, including Covid and HIV. As the authors write, extracts "showed remarkable efficacy against equine influenza virus, canine coronavirus, RS, and H1N1. In fact, it can inhibit up to 74 percent of viral activity at certain sites.

Again, carvacrol does the heavy lifting.

I've looked at other supplements and extracts with antiviral properties. They include grapeseed extract, grapefruit seed extract, olive leaf extract, echinacea, St. John's-Wort, and elderberry.

A 2024 study found that oleuropein, found in olive leaf extract, demonstrates high antibacterial activity at 130 mg/ml and high antifungal activity at 65 mg/ml. Another 2022 study found that oleuropein showed significant effectiveness against Covid in hospitalized patients when they were given 250-500 mg every 12 hours for five days. (No real difference between 250 and 500 mg.) The study also reviews previous research that oleuropein has shown effectiveness against other viruses, including HIV and influenza. It works the same way as other flavonoids, lectins, secoiridoids, and polyphenols, by blocking ACE2 receptors.

A 2022 study reviews available research on elderberry (sambucus nigra), confirming antiviral activity against HIV, flu, and coronaviruses. As the researchers write, adults in clinical trials "showed a significant reduction in symptoms, averaging 50 percent." Elderberry has also shown the ability to stimulate the production of immune cells. A 2019 study confirms that elderberry works against flu via "multiple modes of therapeutic action," including the inhibition of replication and host cell entry. An extensive 2021 study looking at prior research found that high-quality elderberry extracts enriched with anthocyanin work especially well.

A 2022 study in Nature found that a mixture of St. John's Wort (hypericum perforatum) and Echinacea showed significant antiviral activity against Covid. Specifically capsules with .9 mg of St. John's "can significantly reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral load," peaking at 36 hours after the start of treatment.

St. John's Wort works just fine on its own. The authors stress the importance of maintaining its concentration if you add other compounds like echinacea.

That said, a 2022 study in Frontiers in Pharmacology found that echinacea at 4,000 mg for 10 days led to a substantial reduction in viral load and fewer hospitalizations when used to treat Covid patients.

Here's a chart docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1cTJ3lXHPUW7AyrZPXQb63IjmhVbahRm_7Y5IMxKcqO8/edit?usp=sharing&ref=okdoomer.io

You can also look up most of these supplements and extracts on Mount Sinai's health library. They'll give you a good breakdown. It's a good idea to talk with a doctor if you're skeptical or not sure about interactions with other drugs, or look at the studies on your own. The studies linked in the sheet provide the most detailed dose information I can find, usually presented in a table. Duration runs around two weeks for an acute illness and 3-4 months for chronic infections like HIV.

Do I think it's sustainable to take high amounts of supplements all year long to ward off all kinds of airborne diseases, for the rest of our lives? Not really. That's why we absolutely need clean indoor air, masks, better vaccines, and better treatments. Until then, at least we have this information.

List of studies raindrop.io/JW_Lists/alternative-treatments-47681852

So there you have it.

If you've been wondering whether this stuff really works, the answer appears to be a loud yes. We need more research on dose amounts, but the studies all point in the direction of taking as much as you can while staying within the safe limits, for the duration of any time you feel at risk of getting sick.

Most of these extracts work against multiple viruses. They also help regulate your immune system and push it toward a less inflammatory response.

That's good to know.

My family has been using some of these supplements for several years, and it might explain why we've managed to steer clear of Long Covid. We still wear N95 masks everywhere. We advocate for clean air and better vaccines, along with better treatments. In the meantime, it looks like we can up our supplement game and that it's actually going to bring some benefit.

This isn't magic.

These plant compounds work the same way as many of the antivirals on the market. Medical researchers have been researching the antiviral properties of plants for decades, and cultures have used them for thousands of years. Given our current outlook, they're worth taking seriously.

Use what you can.

[rlyehtaxidermist]

like if you dropped me in a medieval society and gave me people willing to listen to me, I absolutely could teach the alchemists how to make plastic.

the concepts of pyrolysis of coal is no great secret. that the oils from it are useful if distilled, a bit more so, but bam, there's phenol.

methanol from pyrolysis of wood is likewise straightforward, and can be made into formaldehyde with what amounts to some silver scraps and an oven. (do not do this at home)

get those two, mix them up, and boom, plastic.

is it useful? fuck no. jesus christ no. even setting aside how bad the yields of everything involved would be, you need so much more industry and ingredient quality control and pressure vessels and all sorts of other convoluted shit to make the material useful rather than just have it exist.

though i guess if bakelite counts as flesh to healing magic, we can talk

[barok-vanzieks]

thoughts on making coffee with caffeinated water?

What is this question but a testament to our age of industry, when quantity is valued above quality, when the factory's expediency replaces the craftsman's art? If consumption of caffeine is the aim, why not pour a second cup? Coffee, like wine, is meant to be savoured, its phenolic aroma appreciated. One does not add alcohol to wine; to add caffeine to coffee is a similar abuse of its character and essence. To do so is to show flagrant disregard for the artisan who cultivated the beginnings of the beverage.

[allthebrazilianpolitics]

Researchers from Brazil and Italy search industrial waste for new Alzheimer’s drugs

A self-proclaimed Brazil-Italy collaboration enthusiast, researcher Laura Bolognesi created the B2AlzD2 Joint Lab at the Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology of the Università di Bologna (UNIBO), the first Brazil-Bologna joint laboratory dedicated to the development of new drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The partners include scientists from four Brazilian universities: the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), the University of Brasília (UnB), the University of São Paulo (USP Ribeirão Preto) and the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG).

One of the laboratory’s ongoing projects is to identify compounds with the potential for drug development in industrial waste, particularly in cashew nut shell liquid (CNL), a natural oil considered to be a by-product of the industrial processing of cashew nuts, with a high content of phenolic compounds.

The line of research and the principles that guide the group’s work were presented by Bolognesi on Tuesday (Oct 15th) in a panel discussion on health and the environment that was part of the program of FAPESP Week Italy.

“We need to integrate the concept of sustainability into the search for bioactive molecules. This must be the keyword,” said Bolognesi in her presentation. “If we adopt waste as a raw material for drug development, the products resulting from the research will be inherently sustainable.”

Continue reading.

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Researchers develop eco-friendly materials capable of purifying water

Professor Park Chi-Young's team successfully developed an atypical porous polymer material that can completely remove phenolic organic contaminants in water at ultra-high speeds. The porous material developed can efficiently remove not only microplastics in the water but also very small-sized volatile organic compounds (VOCs) based on photothermal effect. At the same time, it is expected to be utilized as a high-efficiency adsorption material that can be commercialized in the future as it has cost competitiveness based on raw materials and enables a solar-based water purification process.

Water pollution caused by the rapid development of the chemical industry is a pressing problem, and various water purification technologies and materials have been developed to address this issue. Carbon-based porous materials using existing adsorption mechanisms have limitations in that the adsorption rate is slow and high thermal energy is required for recycling. While various materials have been developed to improve contaminant removal efficiency, it has been difficult to develop materials that simultaneously satisfy excellent recyclability, high efficiency, economic efficiency of raw materials, and industrialization potential.

Read more.

[cmisayali]

Throat Lozenges: Alleviating Sore Throats New Findings Offer Promising Relief

What are Throat Lozenges?

Cough drop are medicated candy-like tablets that are designed to provide quick relief to coughs or sore throats. They dissolve slowly in the mouth, allowing the ingredients to coat and soothe the throat. Key Ingredients in Throat Lozenges

Throat Lozenges generally contain one or more of the following active ingredients that work to relieve throat irritation : Anesthetics - Such as benzocaine or phenol aid in numbing throat pain. They work topically to reduce throat sensitivity. Anti-inflammatory Agents - Like menthol or eucalyptus oil work by reducing inflammation. They promote mucus drainage to clear congestion. Demulcents - Materials like honey or glycerin coat the throat lining. They protect it from further irritation when swallowing or coughing. Antibiotics - Lozenges containing tetracycline are occasionally prescribed for bacterial throat infections. They treat specific infections. How do Throat Lozenges Work?

When a throat lozenge dissolves in the mouth, its active ingredients are released. They coat and numb the throat, reducing discomfort. Specific ingredients may also reduce swelling or treat infections : - Anesthetics temporarily numb painful areas, blocking throat pain signals. - Anti-inflammatory agents decrease swelling in irritated throat tissues. This lessens pain. - Demulcents form a protective film over inflamed areas, shielding them from further irritation. - Antibiotics kill or limit bacterial growth if a strep throat is present. This resolves the underlying cause. The slow dissolving nature also allows the throat to be continuously coated for 30-60 minutes, enhancing relief during that period. Using Cough drop Effectively

For best results, cough drop should be used as per product instructions. Some general tips on their effective use include: - Allow the lozenge to dissolve slowly in the mouth, rather than chewing or swallowing it whole. This ensures maximum coating of the throat. - Suck on the lozenge for at least 15-20 minutes for the ingredients to take maximum effect before swallowing any remnants. - Use lozenges at the first signs of a sore throat, rather than waiting for severe pain. Early action provides prompt symptom relief. - Lozenges work best for recently developed throat irritations. See a doctor for persistent or worsening pain. - Drink plenty of fluids while using lozenges to keep the throat moist. Water is recommended over acidic juices. - Lozenges containing local anesthetics provide temporary pain relief. Seek medical help if symptoms persist beyond a few days. Popular Throat Lozenge Brands

Some globally recognized throat lozenge brands offering effective temporary relief include: - Halls: Known for its menthol and eucalyptus flavors, it soothes and fights germs. - Strepsils: Contains phenol as an active ingredient. It aims to relieve pain from streptococcal sore throats. - Thayers: A honey-based lozenge brand formulated to moisturize and protect the throat naturally. - Chloraseptic: Branded lozenges utilizing benzocaine as an oral anesthetic to numb throat pain. - Cough Drops: A variety of flavored cough drop and drops by Ricola and Fishermans Friend. - Biotene: Specialized lozenges and mouthwashes for dry mouth relief alongside sore throat symptoms. In Summary, cough drop are widely available over-the-counter at pharmacies. They offer a convenient, drug-free way to temporarily relieve common throat afflictions. Using them properly under medical guidance helps maximize symptom comfort.

Get More Insights On - Throat Lozenges

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Ravina Pandya, Content Writer, has a strong foothold in the market research industry. She specializes in writing well-researched articles from different industries, including food and beverages, information and technology, healthcare, chemical and materials, etc. (https://www.linkedin.com/in/ravina-pandya-1a3984191)

[allthecanadianpolitics]

I’m remembering the words of David Suzuki at Toronto Metropolitan University in 2018 at an event leading up to Grassy’s annual River Run action, his voice wavering and in tears, “My inspiration comes from the fact you haven’t given up.”

And therein lies one of the foundational teachings Grassy Narrows has gifted us –do not give up. Do not expect things to come easy. Keep trying.

An unwavering commitment to take care of their families and the network of life Anishinaabek worlds are enmeshed in has carried this community through broken treaty relations, relocation, the impacts of hydro-electric development, residential schools and child welfare practices, and of course, the eliminating violence of pollution. Starting in 1913 and continuing to present day, the pulp and paper industry in Dryden and Kenora has dumped an array of toxic substances, including the infamous 10 metric tonnes of untreated mercury in the 1960s and 1970s, and more recently bleaching waste that produces phenols, polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), also known as dioxins and furans. Though this is only part of the story. In order to make pulp, one needs trees. Trees who share their time and space with bears and moose, blueberries and Labrador Tea. Trees have lived with the Anishinaabek long before their worth, our worth, was measured in dollars.

[stargazer4501]

Walle: The Graffiti Bug

Walle is the Overlord over the Art industry, specifically painting and scenic art, and is part of the Theatre Overlords lead by The Puppeteer.

Walle grew up in Vienna, Austria during the 1920s and 1930s. He was a rather sickly child, with a very weak immune system and often being neglected by his family.

He almost never left his home or even go outside, meaning he had no friends growing except for the many rodents and bugs that would enter his rooms. His best friend being a stag beetle.

However, he would entertain himself by drawing and painting with material he can find. Even his family dubbed his activities as “wasteful and useless”, he would continue to draw anything and anyone that he saw either from his room or outside his window.

However, during the 1930s, he was diagnosed with schizophrenia and was placed under the care of the Am Spiegelgrund Clinic in Vienna, Austria. While there, he was bullied and mistreated by the other patients and staff members. To continue his artistic passion, he would use food, clothes, dust, and even his own blood, hair, and nails to create art. However, while being punished by a nurse, Walle lost control and attacked the nurse, which he doesn’t remember much off except that he was holding a knife and the nurse was lying in a pool of her own blood.

Because of this incident, he was locked his room, wearing a straitjacket and shackles around his ankles, preventing him from even walking around his room.

During this time, Austria was under Nazi rule, where a new program was established to “handle” the mentally ill/physically defective children, called Aktion T4. This program lead to over 700 children to be euthanized at the Am Spiegelgrund Clinic.

In December of 1941, Walle was sent to be euthanized by a lethal injection of phenol, and soon became one of the many unfortunate children to fall to this program.

After arriving in Hell, he was greeted by violence of the sinners, and tried to hide to protect himself. However, he was found by The Puppeteer, who saw his potential artistic talent when he was alive. The Puppeteer offered him a deal, they would bring out the artistic talent dormant within him, give him the energy and motivation to create massive masterpieces in just hours (or days depending on the size of project), and offer to protect him from all the dangers within Hell. However, in exchange, his soul is owned by the Puppeteer, having to follow their command when needed. Due to his young age, and being taught that he was of low value, he accepted The Puppeteer’s offer.

Due to being isolated for most of life, he doesn’t really know how to socialize, mainly keeping to himself unless he’s addressed, which then he only responds with one word to short sentences. He does get along with Zelyezda, almost viewing her as a mother. She was the first to greet and comfort him whenever he felt stressed or had a nightmare. After the Puppeteer invited Charlie and the gang to watch one of their performances, he met with Charlie, but barely paid any attention to her. It was Zelyezda who told him about what Charlie is trying to accomplish at the Hazbin Hotel. After learning about the possibility of redemption and going to Heaven, she urges him to go there and try to be redeemed, wanting to both give him a better afterlife and to break free from the Puppeteer’s control.

Design

His name is the combination of the German words: “Wanze” meaning Bug and “Falle” meaning Trap.

He is around 4ft tall (4ft 6in including his horns), making him the shortest of the Theatre Overlords and around the same height as Niffty who’s around 3ft 9in-4ft.

His horns resemble that of a stag beetle, specifically an European Stag Beetle. This is supposed to represent both his “best friend” growing and the saying “small but mighty”

Regarding the colors, I wanted him to similar to a corpse during decomposition, which the body turns pale and slightly green.

His very frail and slim, having a general humanoid figure, with the exception of the horns, lack of nose, and deathly cold skin. The red x on his arm represents where he got the lethal injection, with veins representing the phenol.

Unlike the other Theatre Overlords, he doesn’t have any physical shackles. This is due to him being in the “free trial” of The Puppeteer’s deal. This gives him a false sense of freedom and The Puppeteer feels that shackles aren’t needed to control him, unless he severely misbehaves.

Here is a basic reference without the dress:

[condonsummer]

Copy of Can Fungal Biomass Make Construction More Sustainable?

The construction industry is an ever-growing problem when it comes down to sustainability. The population continues to grow and this requires more and more buildings to accommodate people's lives. More and more materials are required to construct buildings, and so naturally, more and more carbon is emitted into our atmosphere from these construction processes. But we can't just put a pause on population growth, or ban new buildings from being built, and we certainly can't just pretend this problem doesn't exist either.

How about focusing on improving the sustainability of the materials that are used in construction? What alternatives might there be to ensure more sustainable construction processes are used?

… that's where fungal biomass comes in.

Fungal Biomass... what is that exactly?

Biomass is a renewable material that's made from plants and animals. It can be used as energy or turned into useful materials. With fungal biomass, agricultural waste and other low-grade discarded materials (stalks, straw, sawdust, etc.) are used as substrates which are introduced to a fungus to create a material bound together by mycelium.

To create the mycelium material, a process must be followed to ensure good performance of the material.

For an explanation of this process check here, and refer to section 2.

Here are some important material properties of mycelium materials:

Handles tensile loading well

Has some compressive loading capabilities

Highly flame resistant

It has a very low thermal conductivity

Very high moisture uptake

Okay, sounds great! But what can the mycelium material be used for?

Structural application:

Mycelium has shown an ability to handle tensile loading well, however it has a low ability to withstand compressive loads, meaning the material is weak compared to traditional construction materials. Since structural materials are required to transfer heavy loads, this material wouldn't be effective and therefore is not being considered for structural use.

Thermal insulation:

Mycelium composite is a low-density material, which makes it an excellent insulator as low-density materials conduct heat slower. It performs similarly to other traditional insulators such as glass wool, extruded polystyrene, sheep wool etc.

Water absorption:

Moisture content will also have an impact on the thermal conduction. If mycelium insulation is exposed to moisture for more than a few hours, it can absorb it quickly and in large amounts. Luckily a large increase in moisture content results in just a small increase in heat conductivity. Check here for more(section 3.0).

Other risks resulting from moisture absorbency has delayed the journey of this type of insulation making it into people's homes, but hopefully solutions can be found as this type of insulation would make some amazing competition.

Fire safety:

Mycelium composite out-performs many conventional insulation materials. A mycelium composite can even perform so well under exposure to fire that its only competitor is phenolic formalhyde resin foams.

"Mycelium has been found to possess certain flame-retardant properties (e.g. high char residue and release of water vapour)"

More on that quote here.

Since the material would mainly char rather than burn, it would take longer for flames to travel through a cavity if it were filled with it. The material is also non-toxic therefore it is much safer than other insulators.

Read here for more information on thermal degradation and fire reaction properties of mycelium composites.

Why is this new material so important?

Mycelium material is completely biodegradable and renewable, it has a perfect life cycle and its cheap, what's more to love?

Discovering uses for fungal biomass and applying them is super important for the construction industry as it hopefully will kickstart a greater interest in building with sustainable materials. The current applications of this product are limited; however this material makes promise for the future of sustainability in construction.

Take a look at some videos and other helpful sources if you're still interested!

Engineered mycelium composite construction materials from fungal biorefineries: a critical review

Is Mycelium Fungus the Plastic of the Future?

Can Mycelium Fungus replace Concrete & Plastic?

Biohm

Ecovative

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The report “Phenolic Resin Market by Type (Resol Resin, Novolac Resin), Application (Wood Adhesives, Molding, Insulation), End-use Industry (Automotive, building & construction, Furniture) – Global Forecasts to 2021″, published by MarketsandMarkets, the global market is estimated to be valued at USD 11.30 Billion in 2016 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.8% to reach USD 15.01 Billion by 2021.